3Com 3C840-US - OfficeConnect Remote 840 SDSL Router, User Manual

Page 1: ... http www 3com com OfficeConnect Remote 840 SDSL Router User s Guide Release 1 2 0 Part No 10031396 Rev AA May 2000 840ug book Page 1 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 2: ... 3Com s standard commercial license for the Software Technical data is provided with limited rights only as provided in DFAR 252 227 7015 Nov 1995 or FAR 52 227 14 June 1987 whichever is applicable You agree not to remove or deface any portion of any legend provided on any licensed program or documentation contained in or delivered to you in conjunction with this User Guide Portions of this docume...

Page 3: ...hat is a BRouter 1 4 Routing vs Bridging 1 4 MAC Encapsulated Routing 1 4 What is a Remote Site 1 5 What is RFC 1483 1 6 Benefits of Using RFC 1483 1 7 What is RFC 1490 1 7 What is PPP 1 7 Benefits of Using PPP 1 7 What is DHCP 1 7 What is DNS 1 8 What is Address Translation 1 8 What is DHCP Smart Mode 1 8 What Is Default Bridge Mode 1 9 What is Unconfigured Mode 1 9 Getting Started Quickly 1 9 Of...

Page 4: ...orming System Administration Tasks 2 1 Controlling Login and Telnet Access 2 1 Adding a Login 2 2 Deleting a Login 2 2 Modifying the Date and Time 2 3 Restoring Factory Defaults 2 3 Using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager to Restore Defaults 2 4 Using the Reset Button 2 4 Updating OfficeConnect Remote 840 Software 2 4 Controlling SNMP Access 2 4 Controlling TFTP Access 2 6 Assigning SNMP Trap M...

Page 5: ...eting an IP Network 4 4 Configuring IP RIP on the LAN 4 5 Local Site LAN RIP 4 5 Advanced RIP Modification Options 4 5 Resetting Parameters 4 6 Configuring IP for the Remote Site Connection 4 7 Configuring IP Parameters for the Remote Site 4 7 Configure the Remote Site IP Network Information 4 8 Configuring IP RIP on a Remote Site 4 10 Configuring IP Static and Framed Routes 4 11 Adding a Static I...

Page 6: ...nnections 5 4 Enabling Bridging 5 5 Bridging IP Traffic 5 5 MAC Encapsulated Routing 5 6 Bridge Firewall 5 7 Advanced Bridging Options 5 9 Default Bridge Mode 5 10 Default Bridge Mode Overview 5 10 Installing the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Using Default Bridge Mode 5 11 Monitoring Bridging 5 11 Viewing Bridge Network Status 5 11 Viewing Bridge Forwarding Table 5 11 Viewing Bridge Counters 5 11 Testi...

Page 7: ... Configuring the DHCP Relay 7 4 Monitoring DHCP 7 4 DHCP Smart Mode Overview 7 4 8 CONFIGURING DNS Introduction 8 1 DNS Overview 8 1 Configuring DNS 8 2 Configuring Remote DNS Servers 8 2 Configuring Static DNS Host Entries 8 4 9 CONFIGURING IPX ROUTING Introduction 9 1 Overview 9 1 Configuring IPX for the LAN 9 2 Adding a Local IPX Network 9 2 Modifying or Deleting an IPX Network 9 3 840ug book P...

Page 8: ...N RIP and SAP 9 11 IPX Routing Configuration to Support MAC Encapsulated Routing 9 12 Monitoring IPX 9 12 IPX Testing 9 12 10 UPGRADING OPERATIONAL SOFTWARE FOR THE OFFICECONNECT REMOTE 840 Introduction 10 1 Obtaining Updated OfficeConnect Remote 840 Software 10 1 OfficeConnect Remote 840 CD 10 2 Installing Operational Software to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Unit 10 2 Installing Software via Offi...

Page 9: ... IP TCP UDP ICMP Counters and Tables 11 10 DHCP 11 10 DHCP Lease Table 11 10 DHCP Counters 11 11 Address Translation 11 11 Table of Mapped Addresses 11 11 Table of Port Assignments 11 12 IPX 11 13 IPX Networks 11 13 IPX Routes 11 13 IPX Services 11 14 Bridge 11 14 Bridge Networks 11 14 Forwarding Table 11 15 Bridge Counters 11 15 Events Logs 11 15 Connection Event Log 11 16 Critical Events Log 11 ...

Page 10: ...onnect Remote 840 Manager 12 12 Modifying an Existing Filter Using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager 12 13 Turning a Filter Off Using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager 12 13 13 TROUBLESHOOTING Introduction 13 1 Troubleshooting Tools 13 1 Troubleshooting Tables 13 2 How to Use these Tables 13 2 LAN Connection Problems 13 3 IP Wizard and Web Browser Problems 13 3 WAN Connection Problems 13 6 G...

Page 11: ... Physical Layout A 6 The Internet A 7 Routing IP A 7 Open Systems Interconnection Network Layer Model A 8 IP Routing A 9 B IP ADDRESSING Introduction to IP Addressing B 1 IP Addressing Basics B 1 Address Classes B 1 Subnetting B 1 Reserved Addresses B 2 Supernetting Advanced TCP IP B 3 Supernetting and the OfficeConnect Remote 840 B 4 IP Subnet Mask Address B 5 IP Planning B 5 Assigning IP Address...

Page 12: ...uctions for Internet Access E 1 Step 1 Configuring Remote Site General Information E 1 Step 2 Configuring the Remote Site ATM Parameters ATM Only E 4 Step 3 Configuring the Remote Site IP Network Information E 4 Instructions for Telecommuting Remote Office Access E 7 Step 1 Configuring Remote Site General Information E 7 Step 2 Configuring the Remote Site ATM Parameters E 9 Step 3 Configuring the ...

Page 13: ...he Configuration E 14 F TECHNICAL SUPPORT Online Technical Services F 1 World Wide Web Site F 1 Support from Your Network Supplier F 1 Support from 3Com F 2 Returning Products for Repair F 2 3COM CORPORATION LIMITED WARRANTY FCC CLASS B STATEMENT FCC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY 840ug book Page 13 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 14: ...840ug book Page 14 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 15: ...he box when your purchased your Router That guide contains steps to get the user started accessing the Internet or telecommuting to a remote office This OfficeConnectRemote 840 SDSL Router User s Guide is intended to be used for advanced configuration presenting more detailed information on the unit First time users may want to read the tutorials in this Guide to help you learn more about the netw...

Page 16: ...3 9 Upgrading Software Chapter 10 Monitoring Capabilities Chapter 11 Configuring Filters Chapter 12 Troubleshooting Chapter 13 Information on the difference between Bridging and RoutingAppendix A Information about IP Addressing Appendix B Information on Address Translation Appendix C Information on using the CLI Guide Appendix D Information on Configuration Appendix E Information on Technical Supp...

Page 17: ...ar in angle brackets Example To add a login user use the following syntax Add user name password password In this example you must supply a user name for name and a password for password Commands The word command means that you must enter the command exactly as shown and then press Return or Enter Commands appear in bold Example To view the current login users use the command list users The words ...

Page 18: ...lectrical power by fitting an in line surge suppressor or uninterruptible power supply Products manufactured by 3Com are safe and without risk provided they are installed used and maintained in good working order and in accordance with their instructions and recommendations Should any of the following conditions occur isolate the electricity supply and refer to your 3Com reseller If the case or co...

Page 19: ...a that is free from dust or extreme temperatures The unit has been designed to be a free standing unit Do not place anything else on top of the unit s case Allow a clearance gap of at least a 150 mm from the rear panel of the unit to allow for cable access This unit contains a lithium battery which is attached to a microchip on the printed circuit board The defective battery must be disposed of sa...

Page 20: ...6 ABOUT THIS GUIDE 840ug book Page 6 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 21: ...s a Remote Site What is RFC 1483 What is RFC 1490 What is PPP What is DHCP What is DNS What is Address Translation What is DHCP Smart Mode What Is Default Bridge Mode Getting Started Quickly OfficeConnect Remote 840 Panel Features Configuration Overview How to Manage the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Starting the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager Using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager Online Help 84...

Page 22: ...re networked workstations to connect to other computers on a remote LAN Once connected local users a local branch office can communicate with remote computers the main office as if they were connected locally see the figure below The OfficeConnect Remote 840 moves data back and forth quickly and accesses any program or file you would ordinarily use on the network Figure 1 1 Connection to Remote Ne...

Page 23: ...tion to connect to a remote site using a network protocol such as IP or IPX The OfficeConnect Remote 840 contains one SDSL modem port which is the WAN interface What is ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM is a modern networking technology that provides support for a wide variety of services and applications The OfficeConnect Remote 840 provides support for ATM over SDSL ATM is based on the transfer...

Page 24: ...are for the most part maintained automatically by the unit so the administrator does not have to add or delete entries as the network topology changes An example illustrating the difference between bridges and routers would be the case where both a bridge and a router have tables with 256 entries Because the bridge forwards based on MAC address it can know about the location of 256 MAC addresses p...

Page 25: ...twork Data is transmitted to and from remote sites through ATM or Frame Relay With ATM each VC has a configured Quality of Service QOS and is identified by a Virtual Path Identifier VPI and a Virtual Channel Identifier VCI With Frame Relay each Virtual Circuit is identified by a DLCI Obtain these parameters from your Service Provider The data is framed in either PPP RFC 1483 or RFC 1490 encapsulat...

Page 26: ...resses When PPP is used both the local and remote WAN addresses can by dynamically learned Otherwise they must be specified The diagram below shows an OfficeConnect Remote 840 with 3 VCs and the corresponding IP addresses Figure 1 3 Connection with Three Virtual Circuits VCs What is RFC 1483 RFC 1483 is a protocol standard that describes two encapsulations methods for carrying network interconnect...

Page 27: ...ocol It is a single or multi link interface between two packet switching devices such as a bridge or router A PPP link may be created between the OfficeConnect Remote 840 and a remote router after they connect PPP is an efficient conduit for multiple protocols such as IP and IPX which are encapsulated across the communications datalink PPP provides built in negotiation for addresses and connection...

Page 28: ...ured mode ocrdsl 3com com is not configured by default In this mode you will have to configure a static host entry What is Address Translation Address Translation allows private network addresses to be mapped into public addresses The OfficeConnect Remote 840 provides two methods for mapping private non registered LAN IP addresses to the public Internet address es used for a wide area connection T...

Page 29: ...Getting Started Quickly The features described above can be utilized to make configuring the OfficeConnect Remote 840 very easy Use DHCP Smart Mode to preconfigure a LAN IP address the DHCP pool of addresses and the DNS information for the LAN workstations Use Default Bridge Mode to have the unit automatically bridge all packets No software installation is required Use PPP to allow the OfficeConne...

Page 30: ... Chapter 3 of the OfficeConnect Remote 840 SDSL Router Installation Guide in the section Installing The OfficeConnect Remote 840 LED Status Meaning Alert FLASHING RED When software is initializing Power STEADY GREEN When power is applied to the unit SDSL Link Status OFF No signal detected FLASHING ORANGE The unit is attempting to acquire synchronization with the CO equipment STEADY GREEN Link is u...

Page 31: ...he transmit Tx and receive Rx signal pairs on Ethernet port 1 When MDI X is out not depressed Port 1 is pinned the same as the remaining 3 ports In this mode a PC s Ethernet port or the cascade port on another hub can be connected to any of the four ports on the unit When MDI X is pressed in then Port 1 on the unit becomes a cascade hub port for connection to a non cascade port on another hub The ...

Page 32: ... DLCI settings see the table above If you set the OfficeConnect Remote 840 to this mode and no configuration exists the OfficeConnect Remote 840 will automatically set up a bridge network on the Ethernet and will create a VC profile that bridges using RFC 1483 or RFC 1490 encapsulation with various VPI VCI or DLCI values see the table above for details DIP Switch 1 2 3 4 Mode off off off on Defaul...

Page 33: ...mote 840 to route or bridge a network 1 Complete the appropriate Configuration Planning Form A form is provided in the box when you purchase your OfficeConnect Remote 840 Copies of the forms are provided in the OfficeConnect Remote 840 SDSL Router Install Guide for your convenience 2 Install the OfficeConnect Remote 840 utilities from your OfficeConnect Remote 840 CD If necessary install a web bro...

Page 34: ... correctly you will need to use at least Netscape Navigator 4 0 or Internet Explorer 3 02 Internet Explorer 4 is provided on the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Installation CD You do not need to be connected to the Internet to use this method The main features of the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager are Complete configuration control Configuration Audit for detecting errors Troubleshooting and monitorin...

Page 35: ...have an IP address of 192 168 200 254 and a DNS host name of ocrdsl 3com com When prompted to login to the unit enter the administrative login name and password After successful authentication you will access the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager home page OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager Menus The OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager is a hierarchical menu based interface The highest level page in the...

Page 36: ...ea to quickly get back to the top of the menu hierarchy or to one of the five menu options selections You can configure your web browser s link display options to customize the colors of the Quick Links Document Notation References to specific OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager pages in this document will use a specific notation to describe the location of a page relative to the OfficeConnect Remote...

Page 37: ...rkstation where you will run your OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager browser That is if you have two workstations from which you will run the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager and if you want access to the Online Guide and screen HTML help screens you must run the CD installation at both workstations Where to Find More Configuration Information See the referenced chapters of this Guide to help you pe...

Page 38: ...1 18 CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW 840ug book Page 18 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 39: ... Access This allows you to set up management access security The configured username and password combination allows web browser and Telnet access Connecting to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 with a web browser allows you to configure and monitor your unit using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager Connecting using Telnet on a workstation allows you to remotely manage the unit using CLI A default us...

Page 40: ... the login or Telnet username in this field Password Enter the login or Telnet password in the field 3 After the fields have been entered click Submit To clear the fields click Reset Deleting a Login 1 From the home page select Configuration Global Administrator Login Click Add The following screen fields appear 2 Select the login name to be deleted 3 Click Delete 840ug book Page 2 Friday July 7 2...

Page 41: ...rator System screen If you boot to the unconfigured state you will need to run IP Wizard or use CLI to reassign an IP address to your OfficeConnect Remote 840 If you boot in DHCP Smart Mode the IP address will be set to 192 168 200 254 If you boot in Default Bridge Mode you may not need an IP address assigned to the unit However if you do want one you must use Command Line Interface For detailed i...

Page 42: ... modes later using CLI or the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager 3 While holding down the Reset button on the back panel plug the unit back in You should hold down the reset button for at least five seconds after plugging the unit back in The unit takes about one minute to come up and the Alert LED will flash until bootup is finished 4 If DHCP Smart Mode is not in use configure an IP address after t...

Page 43: ...rt ocr840 index html and click the drop down menu under software MIB downloads To set up an SNMP community on the OfficeConnect Remote 840 follow these instructions 1 From the home page select Configuration Global Administrator SNMP Click Add and the following screen fields appear 2 Enter the following fields Name Enter the community name to be used as the access name Address Enter the address of ...

Page 44: ...ss The Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP provides a simple way to transfer files from one machine to another The OfficeConnect Remote 840 has a TFTP server that allows you to copy files to or from the unit All you have to do is set up TFTP access on the OfficeConnect Remote 840 and run a TFTP client program on a workstation TFTP transfers files over either the LAN or WAN interfaces To configure ...

Page 45: ...ctions 1 From the home page select Configuration Global Administrator TRAP Click Add and the following screen fields appear 2 Enter the following fields Name Enter the name of the SNMP Trap Manager Address Enter the address of the SNMP Trap Manager e g 192 168 200 50 Specifying 0 0 0 0 causes SNMP Traps to be broadcast 3 After the fields have been entered click Submit To clear the fields click Res...

Page 46: ...a syslog manager as follows 1 From the home page select Configuration Global Administrator Syslog Click Add and the following screen fields appear 2 Enter the following fields Syslog Host IP Address Enter the address of the Syslog host System Level Select one of the following levels Critical Unusual Common Verbose and Debug 3 After you enter the fields click Submit To clear the fields click Reset ...

Page 47: ...ections Remote Site Overview To set up connections over the WAN a remote site profile must be created and edited for each remote location you want to connect to With this profile you specify ATM virtual circuit or Frame Relay DLCI information protocols and addresses that determine the method of connection and communication to the remote site You first need to add a remote site profile and then you...

Page 48: ...fficeConnect Remote 840 Manager automatically disables and re enables the remote site profile when the Modify button is pressed on the Remote Site menu page To disable or enable a profile manually clear or check the Enable Remote Site checkbox as appropriate Once you start modifying a Remote Site you must click Modify before you exit the Remote Site screens or else the data you entered will be los...

Page 49: ... Remote Site General Modify screen 3 Change configuration parameters as needed and use the Next button to continue to the ATM IP IP Advanced and IPX configuration screens For quick help on specific parameters click the Help button located at the bottom of each screen For more detailed help go to the appropriate place in this guide see Configuring ATM Information and Configuring Other WAN Parameter...

Page 50: ...be established For PPP the authentication name and password must be provided to allow the connection to be established The OfficeConnect Remote 840 supports both PAP and CHAP authentication The Network Service parameters can be configured on the Remote Sites General screen 1 Access this screen by going to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 home page Select Configuration Remote Sites WAN select a defined...

Page 51: ... using Frame Relay the Remote Sites General Modify screen will contain the following fields 2 Enter a name to identify the remote site 3 Select Network Service to either PPP over Frame Relay or RFC 1490 If you select PPP over Frame Relay enter the Authentication Name and Authentication Password provided to you You can change the header compression from the default of None to TCP IP if you wish 4 E...

Page 52: ...to log in to the same remote site with different PPP authentication parameters You should disable all profiles using the same VPI VCI and then enable the one that should be active For SVCs there is not a fixed VPI VCI Instead a destination address is used to set up a path through the ATM backbone network when the connection is to be established Currently the SVC capability is disabled in the Offic...

Page 53: ...no limit has been specified for the rate for information flow VBR Variable Bit Rate a certain rate has been specified for the flow of information CBR Constant Bit Rate a constant rate has been specified for the flow of information Enter the cell rate transmission parameters if applicable PCR The Peak Cell Rate is the maximum amount of cells per second transmitted over this connection This is deter...

Page 54: ...ring IPX Routing Configuring Bridging Network Address Translation Using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Monitoring Remote Site Connections To determine which remote sites have been configured and to see a summary of the remote site WAN parameters access the Monitor Remote Sites Remote Site Status screen To monitor packet counters for a specific remote site access the Monitor Remote Sites Remote Site ...

Page 55: ...t Remote 840 can be configured as a router to forward packets between the local LAN interface and one or more Remote Sites The router maintains a forwarding table This table specifies which interface to route an IP packet based on the destination IP address Entries in the forwarding table are either static or dynamic Static entries are based on the LAN s and Remote Site s subnet addresses and user...

Page 56: ...arding box to enable the routing of IP packets In addition to Forwarding the RIP check box is used to enable or disable RIP for all Remote Sites and the local LAN If RIP is globally disabled it is disabled for the local LAN and Remote Sites on the OfficeConnect Remote 840 If RIP is globally enabled it can be enabled or disabled on the local LAN and for each Remote Site Configuring IP for the LAN T...

Page 57: ...l Site LAN IP Click Add This brings up a screen containing the following fields Enter the following information Name The name is limited to 32 characters If you use any blank spaces surround the whole phrase with double quotes e g test site x LAN Address Enter the address of the IP network in this format ddd ddd ddd ddd where ddd is a value between 1 255 LAN Mask Enter the mask of the IP network i...

Page 58: ...the IP Modify Delete screen containing the following fields 4 Modify or delete the information about the selected IP network by altering the fields and clicking the Modify Delete button If you alter the address that your browser is using the connection will be lost To reconnect enter the new IP address in your browser s address location field If you delete the address you will also lose the connec...

Page 59: ...d local site connection from the list and click Modify Delete which accesses the IP Modify Delete screen containing the following fields You can then select the RIP version to be either None RIPV1 or RIPV2 You can also modify the Advanced RIP parameters You should not need to change any of these parameters from the defaults but you can if necessary Advanced RIP Modification Options Select a local ...

Page 60: ...annot exceed for this function 2 Under the following two categories you may customize your RIP Advanced RIP Policies You may enable these options as necessary They control what is sent out or received concerning RIP 3 Click Submit when the fields have been entered to save your customizations Resetting Parameters If you need to return to the original parameters for this screen click Reset before yo...

Page 61: ...s static routes RIP usage IPX IPX network address information static routes and services RIP usage Bridging Enable or disable bridging to the remote site If you need to connect to multiple remote sites i e the Internet and a remote office you should set up a remote site profile for each location Configuring IP Parameters for the Remote Site The following steps illustrate how you configure the IP p...

Page 62: ...dress If you were provided a single IP address select Specified and enter that address If you are using PPP to dynamically assign an address select Dynamic and the remote site on the WAN will assign a local WAN IP address to the WAN port of your OfficeConnect Remote 840 Otherwise select Unnumbered and there will be no IP address assigned to the local WAN interface for this VC 840ug book Page 8 Fri...

Page 63: ...menu to have the RIP set to Broadcast Listen or Broadcast Listen and if one of these is chosen set the RIP option to RIPV1 or RIPV2 If you are using address translation PAT NAT you must set routing to either Listen or None This is because you have set up a private network and therefore do not want to be broadcasting information to other routers 5 Ensure that Enable IP is checked enabled and click ...

Page 64: ... or None Broadcast refers to when routing information packets are sent out to the network and Listen refers to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 receiving routing information packets from remote sources If you are using address translation PAT NAT you must set routing to either Listen or None This is because you have set up a private network and therefore do not want to be broadcasting information to o...

Page 65: ...orks not learned using RIP Adding a Static IP Route to the LAN To add modify or delete an IP Static route to the LAN follow these steps 1 Select Configuration Global IP Static Routes 2 Click the Add button This accesses a screen containing the following fields 3 Define the Route by entering the following fields Destination network Gateway IP address Netmask and Metric Click Submit To clear the fie...

Page 66: ... Delete button to erase the parameters you have set Using IP Address Validation When IP Source Validation is enabled the source address of all IP frames received from a remote site will be validated A source address is valid if the OfficeConnect Remote 840 will route an IP frame destined to the source address on the same interface it came in on You need to access the IP Advanced Modify screen by s...

Page 67: ...uting combines routing and bridging so that routing features i e Address Translation DNS Proxy DHCP Server etc are available in a bridged environment There are no specific changes required in the IP routing configuration to support MAC Encapsulated Routing See Configuring Bridging for instructions on how to enable MAC Encapsulated Routing 840ug book Page 13 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 68: ...ocal LAN with name ip and the Remote Site Internet have active IP interfaces IP Testing PING You can now run a PING to make sure the OfficeConnect Remote 840 can reach the remote router You can run the PING by using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager from MS DOS on a workstation or through the Internet Testing using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager will test the connection from the OfficeCon...

Page 69: ... the IP address belongs or to a default gateway If it was sent to the specific network and the network was learned via RIP there is probably a temporary network problem If the network is a static entry in the routing table entered by the user for example it may have been entered incorrectly If the network is not in the routing table and the PING request went to a default gateway then it may be tha...

Page 70: ...OS prompt and type ping remote IP address Enter where the remote IP address is the address of a host on the remote network Ex ping 10 0 0 12 If no address was provided contact the ISP or the remote site administrator for an IP address to ping The OfficeConnect Remote 840 will call the ISP and send the PING information A reply from 10 0 0 12 indicates success An example script of a failed ping is C...

Page 71: ...r Internet Access Only If you are connecting to the Internet start a web browser and enter an address such as http www 3com com If the 3com web site home page comes up all is configured correctly and you are on your way Advanced Troubleshooting If the 3Com web site home page does not appear the problem may be incorrect DNS server addresses on your workstation For more detailed troubleshooting info...

Page 72: ...4 18 CHAPTER 4 CONFIGURING IP ROUTING 840ug book Page 18 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 73: ...g Bridging Testing Bridging Overview A bridge connects two or more LANs together at Layer 2 data link of the ISO OSI 7 layer model A learning bridge links networks but also separates network traffic and forwards only the packets that need to be forwarded based on Media Access Control MAC address The OfficeConnect Remote 840 can be configured as a learning bridge Bridges separate traffic by examini...

Page 74: ...s flexible configuration of simultaneous bridging and routing For more information on the Bridge Firewall see Appendix A Bridging and Routing A boot mode Default Bridge Mode can be activated This automatically configures the unit to bridge all packets see Default Bridge Mode For more information on bridging see Appendix A Bridging and Routing To set up bridging on the OfficeConnect Remote 840 you ...

Page 75: ...guration screen to define or modify a bridged network over the LAN Only one bridged network can be added over the LAN Adding a Bridge Network You may add a bridged network over the Ethernet interface by following these steps 1 Select Configuration Local Site LAN Bridge 2 Click Add This accesses a screen containing the following fields 3 Enter the following Name Enter a name identifying the bridged...

Page 76: ...d click Delete 6 Click Modify after you have entered the field Configuring Bridging for the Remote Site Connections To set up a protocol over the WAN a remote site profile must be created and edited for each remote location you want to connect to With this profile you specify virtual circuit VPI VCI information protocols and addresses that determine the method of connection and communication to th...

Page 77: ...configure To enable bridging 1 From the OfficeConnect Remote 840 home page select Configuration Remote Sites WAN select a remote site definition and click Modify This accesses the Remote Sites General Modify screen containing the following fields 2 Check the Enable Bridging box to enable bridging for this remote site Then click Modify Bridging IP Traffic Unless you are using the boot option Defaul...

Page 78: ...base their forwarding decision on network level addresses packets that are routed over a WAN are transmitted without MAC layer addresses Additionally address resolution procedures that can be used to determine the destination MAC address for a packet are not required Conversely packets that are bridged over a Wide Area Connection include MAC layer information Address resolution procedures are requ...

Page 79: ...mote 840 home page and select Configuration Remote Sites WAN 2 Select a defined remote site and click Modify This will access the Remote Sites General Modify screen containing the following fields 3 Check the Enable MAC Encapsulated Routing box to enable MAC Encapsulated Routing for this remote site 4 Click Modify to save the change Bridge Firewall The OfficeConnect Remote 840 can be configured fo...

Page 80: ...MAC address of the OfficeConnect Remote 840 it is discarded Additionally broadcasts including ARPs for the protocol are not passed to the bridge 2 Forward Unicast Packets Only Unicast If a protocol is configured for routing and a packet for that protocol type is received from the LAN that is not addressed to the MAC address of the OfficeConnect Remote 840 it is bridged Additionally ARP broadcasts ...

Page 81: ...to bridging over the WAN as well as the LAN Most users do not need to change these values from the defaults To alter advanced bridging configurations 1 Go to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 home page and select Configuration Local Site Bridge 2 Click Advanced to access a screen containing the following field You may then enter the following fields Aging Time Time seconds for aging out forwarding tabl...

Page 82: ...ettings control the WAN operational mode ATM or Frame Relay and the VPI VCI or DLCI settings If you set the OfficeConnect Remote 840 to this mode and no configuration exists the OfficeConnect Remote 840 will automatically set up a bridge network on the Ethernet and will create a VC profile that bridges using RFC 1483 or RFC 1490 encapsulation with various VPI VCI or DLCI values see DIP Switch Mode...

Page 83: ...r Monitoring Bridging Viewing Bridge Network Status You can view bridge network status from the Monitor Networks Network Status screen This lists the networks WAN networks incorporate the word port in the name and shows you their states Viewing Bridge Forwarding Table The Bridge Forwarding Table is displayed in the Monitor Routes and Services Bridge Forwarding screen In addition to listing the MAC...

Page 84: ... problems with bridging IP check that IP Forwarding is disabled on the Configuration Global IP IP Settings screen Also be sure that your LAN IP Addresses belong to the same IP network as the remote site 840ug book Page 12 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 85: ...Entries Configuring NAT Monitoring Selecting Address Translation You must have a Remote Site Profile already defined to set up address translation for this remote site 1 From the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager home page select Configuration Remote Sites IP Advanced Modify 2 Select the defined site profile and press the Modify button 3 You will then need to advance through the screens by pressing...

Page 86: ...er Static TCP or Static UDP to select the Port Table type to be managed If you selected NAT click either Dynamic or Static for the IP Address Table to be managed Configuring the PAT Default Address When PAT is enabled the default PAT address can be configured This field should be set to the private address of a workstation on the local LAN If a data packet is received on the WAN port and a port ma...

Page 87: ...le an entry containing public TCP port 80 the IP address of a web server on your LAN and the private TCP port 80 allows controlled access to the web server but not the rest of your LAN For a list of assigned port numbers see RFC 1700 Assigned Numbers document which is available from the Internet Static UDP Press this button to access the static PAT UDP table above Using this table you can map publ...

Page 88: ...consist of a start IP address number of addresses in the pool and a mask to be used for Routing Information Protocol RIP messages if the public addresses are to be advertised Multiple pools can be assigned and static assignments may exist within a pool range Dynamic Press this button to Add Delete or Modify the fields in the Dynamic NAT table Static Press this button to Add Delete or Modify the fi...

Page 89: ...r and the value of the inactivity timer For both NAT and PAT the active address mappings are shown in the Monitor Networks NAT PAT Mapped Addresses screen Only those mapping for the specified Remote Site will be displayed This screen shows the active private addresses the associated public address and the number of active TCP and UDP connections When PAT is configured each entry will have the same...

Page 90: ...6 6 CHAPTER 6 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION USING THE OFFICECONNECT REMOTE 840 840ug book Page 6 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 91: ...ment of IP addresses it broadcasts a request out on the LAN The DHCP Server responds with An IP address for the workstation The domain name The IP addresses of the default router two DNS Servers and two WINS Servers The assignment of an IP address to the workstation is for a specified period of time referred to as the lease period Before the lease is set to expire the workstation will send a reque...

Page 92: ...Connect Remote 840 has three DHCP modes Server Relay and Disable To configure the mode select Configuration Global DHCP from the home page The following screen will be shown To configure the OfficeConnect Remote 840 as a Server select Server Submit Configure DHCP Server to proceed with Server specific settings see Configuring the DHCP Server To configure the OfficeConnect Remote 840 as a Relay sel...

Page 93: ...the workstation A numeric suffix is appended to the base name and incremented after each assignment For example if the Hostname unit is configured the first workstation will be assigned the Hostname unit01 the second workstation will be assigned unit02 and so forth The IP address pool is defined by its the starting and ending IP address The pool is continuous and has a maximum range of 40 The subn...

Page 94: ...s monitoring capability allows you to display DHCP protocol counters and current lease information To display the DHCP protocol counters access the Monitor Networks DHCP DHCP counters screen To display the OfficeConnect Remote 840 s DHCP Server lease table access the Monitor Networks DHCP DHCP leases screen DHCP Smart Mode Overview To simplify the installation configuration process the OfficeConne...

Page 95: ...s 192 168 200 254 If you choose DHCP Smart Mode you should set up the workstations on the OfficeConnect Remote 840 s LAN to automatically obtain their IP address This is the default setting in Windows 95 If you have configured IP addresses manually on your LAN you should follow the procedure explained in the Workstation Configuration section of Chapter 3 of the OfficeConnect Remote 810 Installatio...

Page 96: ...7 6 CHAPTER 7 CONFIGURING DHCP 840ug book Page 6 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 97: ...to configure remote DNS Servers for specific domains For instance assume you have two remote sites configured one to the Internet and the other to a corporate site which has a domain name of 3com com Two DNS remote servers can be configured one which uses the corporate site for 3com com and the other to use the Internet as the default The OfficeConnect Remote 840 s DNS Proxy also enables you to co...

Page 98: ...s field 3 To specify the amount of time to wait for a timeout when the OfficeConnect Remote 840 attempts to reach a primary or secondary DNS server enter the number of seconds in the Timeout field 4 Click Submit Configuring Remote DNS Servers When the OfficeConnect Remote 840 s DNS Proxy cannot find a domain name in its local static entries it will forward the request to one or two remote servers ...

Page 99: ... the DNS Server List button from the DNS page 2 To add a new entry click Add The following screen appears 3 Enter the domain name for the entry enter for the default If the remote site uses PPP the DNS remote servers can be learned dynamically 4 Choose the remote site name from the selection box Otherwise they must be specified Select Specify and enter the IP addresses of servers 5 Click Add 840ug...

Page 100: ...t Remote 840 can function as a DNS server 1 If you want to configure any Static DNS Entries select Static DNS Entries and click Add 2 Then enter the Domain Name and the Host IP Address of the machine that has that domain name and click Add 840ug book Page 4 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 101: ... to route an IPX packet based on the destination IPX network number Entries into the forwarding table are either static or dynamic Static entries are based on the LAN s network number the remote site WAN interface number and user configured static routes Dynamic entries are added when RIP is enabled and routes are learned from neighboring routers To configure IPX routing IPX must be defined on bot...

Page 102: ...creen to define or modify all IPX networks over the LAN Note that each IPX network defined over the LAN must support a different frame type Adding a Local IPX Network To add a Local IPX network 1 From the OfficeConnect Remote 840 home page select Configuration Local Site LAN IPX Click Add This brings up a screen with the following fields 2 Enter a name for the network the IPX address of the networ...

Page 103: ... fields If you need to return to the original parameters for this screen click the Reset button before you click Modify Configuring IPX for Remote Sites Connection To set up a protocol over the WAN a remote site profile must be created and edited for each remote location you want to connect to With this profile you specify virtual circuit VPI VCI information protocols and addresses that determine ...

Page 104: ...ctions assume you have already added a remote site profile If you need to add a remote site profile see Remote Site Management in Chapter 3 for details on adding a remote site profile Configure the Remote Site IPX Network Information 1 Access this screen by going to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 home page Select Configuration Remote Sites WAN 2 Select a profile and click Modify This will access the...

Page 105: ...er from dynamic routes in that dynamic routes are learned from real time via RIP or when new connections are established A framed route is much like a static route in that you manually configure the route The difference is that a static route is defined for the LAN while a framed route is associated with a remote site Also while a static route is active when the LAN is connected a framed route is ...

Page 106: ...n is for a data packet in seconds 4 Click Submit To clear the fields click Reset 5 To delete a route from your configuration select the route and click Delete Adding a Framed IPX Route to a Remote Site WAN To add modify or delete a framed route to a Remote Site follow these steps 1 Select Configuration Remote Sites WAN 2 Select the remote site to modify and click Modify 3 Continue clicking Next to...

Page 107: ...tains IPX server names the services they provide their network and node addresses and their relative distances Examples of services include file servers and printers A static service entry will remain in the service table until deleted Static services differ from dynamic services in that dynamic services are learned real time via SAP packet exchange between routers A static service entry is a manu...

Page 108: ...er Server Node Address The node address of the remote server Gateway Network Address The network node address of the gateway Socket The socket number on the server Metric The number of routers 1 15 through which data packets travel before reaching their destination This value represents how far the server is in hops through other routes Metric is also referred to as hop count Server Type Select th...

Page 109: ...d Services 5 Click Add to define the following parameters Server Name The name of the remote server Server Network Address The network address of the remote server Server Node Address The node address of the remote server Socket The socket number on the remote server Hops The number of routers 1 15 the packets travel through before reaching their destination server Server Type You can either selec...

Page 110: ...containing the following parameters Your network performance may be degraded if you set the IPX maximum packet size to less than 500 bytes It is not generally recommended to modify the IPX maximum packet size Checking the SAP Nearest Replies box requests the nearest server for routing information 3 Enter the value for the LAN RIP and LAN SAP Age Multipliers These are values by which to multiply th...

Page 111: ...Continue clicking Next to advance through the ATM Modify IP Modify and IP Advanced Modify screens 3 Click Next to proceed to the IPX Modify screen 4 Using the IPX Routing box select the mode for RIP and SAP operation Broadcast Send RIP and SAP packets Broadcast Listen Learn from RIP and SAP packets and send RIP and SAP packets Listen Learn from received RIP and SAP packets Respond Only Only respon...

Page 112: ...e Monitor Networks IPX IPX Counters screen indicates the number of data packets received and forwarded or discarded To display the IPX interfaces Go to the Monitor Networks Network Status screen When a remote site has been successfully established and IPX is configured an entry will be displayed with the Remote Site Name followed by an ipx suffix IPX Testing If the IPX routing has been setup corre...

Page 113: ...IPX Testing 9 13 For more information on these monitoring screens see Monitoring the OfficeConnect Remote 840 in Chapter 11 840ug book Page 13 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 114: ...9 14 CHAPTER 9 CONFIGURING IPX ROUTING 840ug book Page 14 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 115: ...0 The method of obtaining the latest versions of the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Operational Software is either via the 3Com website www 3com com ocr840 or via the CD Install the latest version software from the website or the OfficeConnect Remote 840 CD Type show system using the CLI interface to verify the version software installed on your OfficeConnect Remote 840 If you have erased the operationa...

Page 116: ...rational Software to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Unit After you have obtained the operational software using one of the described methods it will reside on your computer s hard drive in a file with an extension of nac a NAC file You can install this software in the FLASH memory of the OfficeConnect Remote 840 using one of the following methods OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager This is the preferre...

Page 117: ... be guided through the update process When browsing for the update file select All files on the file type pull down menu Installing Software via DOS Your OfficeConnect Remote 840 Installation CD installs a DOS based utility program onto your hard drive This utility program PCSDL EXE is invoked by a DOS batch file DL BAT which has also been installed to your drive In order to use PCSDL to load code...

Page 118: ...t includes REM the REM version number of the NAC file The version number of REM the NAC file is part of the filename The filename syntax is REM REM vaxxyyzz where xx major version number REM yy minor version number REM zz revision number REM REM Release 1 0 1 would have a filename of va010001 REM REM REM Change the p option on the pcsdl command line to use the REM proper COM port pcsdl p1 r BAUDRA...

Page 119: ...twork service Critical Events Log Overview The OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager provides a wide range of monitor screens including real time throughput graphs routing tables and interface and protocol counters The screens help to troubleshoot connection problems and are grouped by topic below Throughput Performance Real time throughput graphs display both the transmit and receive ATM throughput fo...

Page 120: ...e SDSL link comes up This maximum can be calculated from the negotiated SDSL baud and constellation rates see ATM Interface section below Because the SDSL link is shared by all remote site connections the throughput for a specific connection varies depending on the traffic of the other connections If one connection is using most of the bandwidth there is less available for the other connections Th...

Page 121: ...Ethernet interface information is displayed in the row containing the interface name eth 1 The Oper Status column indicates whether the interface link is operationally up or down If it is down there may be a cabling problem The Admin Status is set to up by default If the Admin Status is down then the interface has been disabled by a user and will not operate until it is re enabled Use CLI to enabl...

Page 122: ... by selecting Monitor Ethernet The counters displayed include the number of bytes transmitted bytes received and errors Error counters may not increment consistently For example rebooting the device may generate a few interface errors as the hardware resets Errors that increase rapidly and consistently indicate a problem either in the LAN connection a connected device or the OfficeConnect Remote 8...

Page 123: ...lumn indicates whether the interface link is operationally up or down If it is down there may be a cabling problem The Admin Status is set to up by default If this field says down then the interface has been disabled by a user and will not operate until it is re enabled Use CLI to enable or disable the operational state ATM Cell Status You can view real time cell status from the ATM Status screen ...

Page 124: ...y should be reported to your service provider SDSL Transceiver Status The transceiver status screen provides line information that can be useful to the service provider when you experience line problems Access this information in the Monitor SDSL Transceiver Status screen When the line is up the Link Status is Link Up Any other status should be reported to the service provider Other values may hel...

Page 125: ...te Site Counters Then select the remote site name from the list and press the Show button The counters include the number of packets and bytes transmitted and received and error counters The error counters may increment occasionally and should be ignored unless they increment quickly and consistently Rapidly increasing errors should be reported to the service provider ATM Site Counters 840ug book ...

Page 126: ...re created when you configure IP over the LAN and when a remote site connection is configured to route IP traffic To view the list of IP networks and their status bring up the Network Status screen This screen lists the status of all OfficeConnect Remote 840 IP IPX and Bridge networks To see this screen go to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager home page and select Monitor Networks Network Status...

Page 127: ...k came up have the protocol type of LOCAL STATIC routes are those that have been configured statically The protocol type of RIP indicates routes that were learned from IP RIP information exchange with other routers The interface indicates whether the network is accessible from the LAN eth 1 or WAN atm 1 or hdlc 1 interface ARP Table The Address Resolution Protocol ARP table displays the list of IP...

Page 128: ...t Remote 840 Manager home page and select Monitor Networks IP Select the desired counters from the screen shown below DHCP DHCP Lease Table Workstations on the LAN lease IP addresses from the OfficeConnect Remote 840 when it is the DHCP Server You can view all of the currently outstanding leases by examining the DHCP Lease Table From the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager home page select Monitor Ne...

Page 129: ...ss Translation Table of Mapped Addresses You can view the dynamic Network Address Translation NAT and Port Address Translation PAT mapped address table To access this table from the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager home page select Monitor Networks NAT PAT Select the remote site profile whose address translations you want to look at and then select Mapped Addresses This table is created when the O...

Page 130: ...Connect Remote 840 Manager home page select Monitor Networks NAT PAT Select the remote site profile whose address translations you want to look at and then select Port Assignments This table is created when the OfficeConnect Remote 840 is configured to use address translation before routing IP packets to the remote location The port address translation table keeps track of private to public addres...

Page 131: ...col the interface over which the network runs eth 1 for LAN atm 1 or hdlc 1 for WAN how the network was created static for LAN dynamic for WAN and the network address assigned to the connection IP and IPX WAN network names incorporate the name of the remote site profile An example of the network status table is provided below IPX Routes The IPX routing table contains the list of all IPX routes kno...

Page 132: ...rks are created when you configure bridging over the LAN and when a remote site connection is established that is configured to bridge traffic To view the list of bridge networks and their status bring up the Network Status screen This screen lists the status of all OfficeConnect Remote 840 IP IPX and bridge networks To see this screen from the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager home page select Mon...

Page 133: ...ns the learned MAC addresses and counters for data traffic that has been received forwarded or not forwarded filtered and transmitted Bridge Counters Bridge counters provide transmit and receive counts for the bridge process To view the counters table from the OfficeConnect Remote 840 home page select Monitor Networks Bridge Events Logs The Office Connect Remote 840 router maintains logs of certai...

Page 134: ...Events Connection Events The following screen capture shows a successful connection to a remote site named red using PPP network service Critical Events Log Critical Events Log The Critical Event Log contains a running list of text messages generated by the OfficeConnect Remote 840 when a critical event occurs To access this log from the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager home page select Monitor Ev...

Page 135: ...onnect Remote 840 Manager Step by Step Guide to Creating Filters Using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager Filtering Overview Filters can provide added security by accepting packets only from specific addresses or they can be added to reduce network traffic and improve overall performance Packet filters control inter network data transmission by accepting or rejecting the passage of specific pack...

Page 136: ...ve access to the local network or vice versa Filter Classes The OfficeConnect Remote 840 supports three filter classes Input data filter packets as they enter Output data filter packets as they exit Embedded bypass for periodic router protocol packets IP RIP IPX RIP and IPX SAP Each filter class can be identified further by the following types Filter Types Filters can be classified by the followin...

Page 137: ...llow filtering based on the source network destination network protocol type source socket destination socket source node and node designation of the IPX packet Bridge Controls network access based on the source and destination MAC addresses Filter Action IP RIP Controls the content of IP Routing Information Protocol RIP packets that are sent out or received on specific ports The IP RIP filtering ...

Page 138: ... Using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager The OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager supports data filters only not advertisement filters Data filters are used to remove packets from the normal flow of data traffic They can be applied to IP IPX and or Bridge traffic Filters affect only those protocols which are currently active in the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Therefore if the unit is set up to Bridge ...

Page 139: ...nnected to a remote corporate office using an OfficeConnect Remote 840 Two of the LAN workstations are used by contractors who are not given access to the corporate office To prevent traffic from the two workstations from passing through the OfficeConnect Remote 840 a filter is set up on the incoming LAN direction location The most logical filter is a negative filter that says discard packet if IP...

Page 140: ...840 Manager Filter Screens The OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager HTML filter screens provide an easy to use menu system for specifying the direction location of the traffic to be checked and for creating and editing filter conditions The filter screens are set up to allow you to create sentences that describe the filter action For example a filter that prevents IPX packets from Jan and Bob s PCs fr...

Page 141: ...ts you to select on which direction location you are going to setup or change a filter Pressing the Next button brings up the Filter Summary page Filter Summary Shows you a summary of previously defined filters for this direction location and whether or not the filters are active Pressing the Create button brings up the Filter Action screen Selecting a filter name and pressing the Delete Modify bu...

Page 142: ...ion to the previous condition For condition number 1 the user is prompted to select the action of the filter Discard Packet or Forward Packet Also common is the Next button which takes you to the Condition Summary screen Basic IP Condition has the following condition sentences to select from Table 12 3 Basic IP Condition Advanced IP Condition has the following condition sentences to select from Ta...

Page 143: ...s Equal to is Not Equal to is Greater Than is Greater Than or Equal to is Less Than is Less Than or Equal to ____ 1 65536 Generic Byte Filter Origin IP Header IP Data Offset ____ 0 1514 bytes Length ____ 1 48 bytes Masked With ___ 0 s or F s is equal to ____ hex value Destination Node Source Node Is Equal to Is Not Equal to _____IPX network address 1 FFFF Destination Network Source Network Is Equa...

Page 144: ...y ignored The Add button returns you to the appropriate filter condition screen so you can define the next condition The Delete button returns you to this screen unless you have just deleted the last condition in which case you go to the Delete Filter Add Condition screen When you are finished defining conditions press the Save Filter button This completes the filter and takes you to the Filter Su...

Page 145: ...eaning as discard any TCP packet whose destination address is 30 0 0 1 and discard all UDP packets Delete Filter Add Condition You get to this screen after deleting the last condition in a filter You have the choice of deleting the filter or of adding a condition To delete it press the Delete Filter button which takes you to the Filter Summary screen To add condition number 1 press the Add Conditi...

Page 146: ...p the Filter Summary screen for this direction location 2 On the Filter Summary screen press the Create button to bring up the Filter Action screen 3 On the Filter Action screen enter a name for the filter and select the desired protocol Then press the Next button to bring up the appropriate protocol condition screen 4 On the protocol condition screen select the action of the filter discard or for...

Page 147: ... Press the Next button to bring up the Filter Summary screen for this direction location 4 To delete or modify the filter select the filter from the pull down box and press Delete Modify This brings up the Filter Delete Modify screen You can delete the filter modify the name the enable disable status and or edit the conditions from this screen Turning a Filter Off Using the OfficeConnect Remote 84...

Page 148: ...12 14 CHAPTER 12 CONFIGURING FILTERS 840ug book Page 14 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 149: ...te 840 has a number of features which can be used to help troubleshoot problems They are especially useful if the OfficeConnect Remote 840 is not visible during the troubleshooting session OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager s Configuration Audit Home Tools Configuration Audit The audit provides information about real and potential problems in the OfficeConnect Remote 840 s current configuration You ...

Page 150: ...anager Refer to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 SDSL Router CLI User s Guide for more information Troubleshooting Tables The troubleshooting tables are organized in a bottom up fashion The hardware and line problems are listed first then the higher level router configuration problems are covered How to Use these Tables If you are having any type of connection problem e g the workstations on the local...

Page 151: ... The MDI X switch on the back of the unit is set for connecting Port 1 to a single workstation but the cable is connected to a hub or vice versa Press the switch in to connect to a hub and out to connect to a workstation Symptom Possible Causes Corrective Action The IP Wizard does not find the OfficeConnect Remove 840 on the local LAN There is a LAN connection problem See LAN Connection Problems T...

Page 152: ...p a workstation to be on the same IP subnet as the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Then connect and use the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager 2 Use CLI to add an IP network over the Ethernet interface using an IP address from the same subnet as the workstation Then connect and use the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager 3 Use the factory reset button on the back of the 840 to delete the configuration For an ...

Page 153: ...k of the 840 while rebooting to delete the current configuration and select DHCP Smart Mode Unable to log in to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 You did not enter a valid administration login name and password Use the system default login name root and password root The unit has no login name or password defined Do one of the following 1 Use CLI to add an administration login profile 2 Restore the sys...

Page 154: ...e cable with another DSL cable There is a problem at the other end of the SDSL connection that causes the SDSL negotiation to fail Contact your service provider SDSL LED is Off or goes On briefly then turns Off SDSL link is down Contact your service provider OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager ATM status cell delineation fails and no idle cells are being received SDSL link is down Contact your servic...

Page 155: ... or VDI error count is incrementing the problem may be an incorrect VC identifier Check the VC information and correct as needed Network Service RFC 1483 or PPP on OfficeConnect Remote 840 is incompatible with that used on remote site ATM router RFC 1483 and PPP network service run above ATM If you select PPP and RFC 1483 is running on the remote site router you will not be able to successfully ac...

Page 156: ...other requests Try reaching another remote machine The remote network is responding inter mittently or not at all Monitor ATM shows ATM cell delineation successful but Hec sound is high There is a corrupt line causing the ATM data cells to fail the header error test Contact the service provider for verification A lower speed connection may solve the problem The remote network is responding inter m...

Page 157: ...tion for excess noise which may be the reason the negotiated numbers are low Symptom Possible Cause Correction Action Symptom Possible Cause Corrective Action Remote IP network is not responding ex to PINGs or the web browser connection requests LAN or WAN connection problem See LAN Connection Problems WAN Connection Problems and General Network Connection Problems IP Forwarding is turned off From...

Page 158: ...One of the following may solve the problem Remote WAN IP addresses are entered incorrectly Check the addresses and reconfigure as needed RIP may be turned off Set RIP to Listen mode to automatically learn routes to remote networks A static route global config or framed route remote site config is needed to reach the remote network Add the route and check the IP routing table to confirm the entry N...

Page 159: ... workstation s LAN address then try to run your video application again If it works check to see if your video application allows you to specify a static UDP port Microsoft NetShow allows you to configure a static UDP port in the Properties Advanced screen After setting a static port for the video application you must add a corresponding static port entry on the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Set your R...

Page 160: ...te Site IPX screens and ensure that IPX is enabled on both interfaces IPX routing table does not show a route to the remote network indicating a configuration problem One of the following may solve the problem Remote WAN IPX addresses are entered incorrectly Check the addresses and reconfigure as needed RIP may be turned off Set RIP to Listen mode to automatically learn routes to remote networks A...

Page 161: ...ns and ensure that bridging is turned on over both interfaces and that the remote site is enabled The IP network is not responding because the OfficeConnect Remote 840 is trying to route IP packets instead of bridging them Check the Global IP IP Settings screen and ensure that IP Forwarding is disabled The IP network is not responding because the LAN IP addresses are assigned on a different networ...

Page 162: ...13 14 CHAPTER 13 TROUBLESHOOTING 840ug book Page 14 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 163: ...nd satellite links In the following sections we describe the concepts behind bridging and routing and discuss the different ways in which LANs can be configured and operated to optimize performance and minimize disruption of traffic on each individual LAN Bridging and Routing Concepts A bridge connects one or more LANs together It examines each data frame received at a LAN port and forwards any fr...

Page 164: ... OfficeConnect Remote 840 to connect to the Internet you must configure the unit as a router If you want to link networks that the OfficeConnect Remote 840 is not routing you must configure bridging The OfficeConnect Remote 840 may serve as an IP router and a bridge simultaneously How Bridges Learn When a bridge is first powered on it does not know the number or the locations of stations that are ...

Page 165: ...esses Some bridges allow address information to be manually configured into the bridge provided the automatic learning facility is turned off This will not normally prove necessary unless specific traffic filtering is required You can also configure a number of other features to improve the performance and operation of the OfficeConnect Remote 840 These include sophisticated filtering techniques s...

Page 166: ...devices Building a Larger Network Large networks of interconnected LANs can be established by using multiple bridges as illustrated in Figure A 2 The bridges build up their address tables In Figure A 2 Bridge 1 examines packets from its WAN ports If the destination unit is not registered as being accessed via the bridge s LAN interface the frame will 840ug book Page 4 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 167: ...network of interconnected LANs can be established by providing more than one link between any two of the LANs Normally this network would soon encounter serious problems resulting from a loop around which frames could endlessly travel if precautions aren t taken by the bridges To prevent loops you can enable the Spanning Tree Protocol STP When STP is enabled the bridges send out frames to inquire ...

Page 168: ...of routers can effectively firewall one logical network from another Optimum Use of Resource Bridged networks use Spanning Tree Protocol STP to provide network resilience by retaining redundant links on standby in case the primary link fails This means that you are not making maximum use of available resources Routing protocols make each node aware of the primary and alternate routes available ens...

Page 169: ...ows workstations to communicate directly between one another A PC user wishing to communicate with a remote network server is totally unaware of any intervening bridges This is known as transparent operation Figure A 3 Example Network It is important to understand that in a bridged network the addressing structure for IP relates to a single network If the units above were bridges and not routers t...

Page 170: ...ing the example in under Routing IP let us assume that a station on LAN 1 wants to communicate with a network server on LAN 2 The station on LAN 1 constructs a Layer 2 datalink header see Figure directly above with the source station s hardware address and also the destination hardware address of the local router To direct the packet to its final network destination the source station must complet...

Page 171: ...hin its routing table information that will allow it to determine the best data transmission route The type of information the router uses to make these assessments is protocol dependent and some communications protocols may employ a range of routing algorithms and accompanying routing protocols In the case of the TCP IP protocol suite the OfficeConnect Remote 840 utilizes RIP RIP is also known as...

Page 172: ...at are known as static routes which are manually entered fixed routes The network manager may be aware of specific traffic patterns or need to enforce a particular routing policy Static routes provide an option to force traffic through the network in a particular way The disadvantage with this approach is that routing protocols dynamically update all the routers on the network with the current net...

Page 173: ...ater This allows you to accommodate varying network structures from a small number of network segments with huge numbers of nodes to large numbers of networks with only a few nodes Subnetting A large IP network can be subdivided into smaller subnetworks This is done using a subnet mask in this text often called netmask which tells a routing device how to further subdivide the Host ID portion of an...

Page 174: ...ible values for the last octet byte in a Class C subnet mask Table B 1 Class C Subnet Masks One important thing must be noticed about the address divisions created by a subnet mask RFC 950 requires that the first and last subnet created by a mask are reserved So the number of usable subnets is always 2 less than the number of divisions created This makes 128 an unusable netmask because it has no l...

Page 175: ... itself A packet with this address should never actually leave the machine that originated it Supernetting Advanced TCP IP Because Class B Internet addresses are in short supply larger networks are now usually granted a contiguous block of several Class C addresses Unfortunately this creates very large routing tables since multiple Class C routes have to be defined for each network containing more...

Page 176: ...ller supernet to share the address space of a larger supernet If for example you had a supernet of size 6 and a supernet of size 2 you could assign the larger supernet an 8 network address space and assign the smaller supernet the portion of that address space that the larger supernet was not using Because the smaller supernet s netmask has more 1 bits packets whose address was part of its address...

Page 177: ...he 32 bit limitation of an IP s address field When assigned an address by the NIC the address can be further broken down to expand the single net number to many more by using host bits IP Planning If you are not very familiar with IP addressing read the following sections to gain a better understanding before assigning addresses Assigning IP Addresses and Subnetting In IP every interface typically...

Page 178: ...et that were assigned to the remote office Single IP Address If you are provided with a single IP address you ll use the OfficeConnect Remote 840 s Port Address Translation PAT feature The IP address will be assigned to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 s local WAN interface PAT allows you to make up an IP network for your LAN using IP addresses of your own choosing This network is hidden from the ISP ...

Page 179: ...oadcast addresses and cannot be used Also we were told that 2xx xxx 188 177 would be assigned to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 s LAN interface so we can t assign it to any other computer s on the LAN Table B 2 IP Addresses IP Numbered and Unnumbered Links The OfficeConnect Remote 840 supports two types of IP addressing on the Remote Site links numbered and unnumbered A numbered link Last Octet In B...

Page 180: ...ered is used If the unnumbered scheme is used at only one end of the WAN link a single IP address is saved If it is used at both ends of the WAN link an entire IP subnet will be saved At first glance it seems that unnumbered addressing would cause problems for routers One expects each interface to be assigned an IP address When the router sends router generated packets such as RIP packets or PINGs...

Page 181: ...emote destinations Therefore although you cannot PING or TELNET to the WAN interface when unnumbered is in use you can PING or TELNET the router using the IP address of a numbered interface Unnumbered does not mean unconfigured An OfficeConnect Remote 840 with factory default configuration will not provide an unnumbered link you must configure the remote site local WAN IP address as unnumbered equ...

Page 182: ...B 10 APPENDIX B IP ADDRESSING 840ug book Page 10 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 183: ...se private addresses on small LANs and to use Address Translation when accessing devices on the public network Address Translation changes a private address to a public address at the gateway of a public network There are two types of address translation Network Address Translation and Port Address Translation Network Address Translation NAT NAT Example Dynamic NAT Static NAT Port Address Translat...

Page 184: ...l and a mask to be used for RIP messages if the public addresses are to be advertised Multiple pool and static assignments may exist within a pool range NAT Example Your remote site administrator or ISP provides a pool of addresses for your local LAN If there are enough addresses for each machine and your OfficeConnect Remote 840 you do not need to use NAT Simply assign each machine an address fro...

Page 185: ...e address translation table for the original private IP address The private IP address is put into a reply packet and sent to the Ethernet When all the pool addresses are in use any new requests are rejected and the workstation on the LAN has to wait until one of the pool addresses is free for use To ensure that addresses are not held indefinitely a timer is associated with each table entry An ent...

Page 186: ... when an application will initiate a TCP or UDP connection from the public network If a publicly accessible server resides on a privately addressed LAN static ports can be defined for the applications they are running For example TCP port 80 for a Web Server and TCP port 21 for a FTP server can be statically assigned The PAT default address can be used with or instead of static port assignments an...

Page 187: ...Then the packet is sent to the WAN The reply will contain the OfficeConnect Remote 840 WAN IP address and port number The port number is used to search the address translation table for the original private IP address The original IP address is then put in a reply and sent to the Ethernet This method requires initiating incoming packets from the LAN Packets from the WAN are rejected unless they cu...

Page 188: ...Default PAT Default PAT operates like Dynamic PAT except you may specify a default private IP address for all traffic whose port numbers are not in the address translation table However this may remove the Firewall With a default IP address all traffic initiated on the WAN and not sent to other private IP addresses will go to this IP address In Dynamic and Static PAT traffic from the LAN not the W...

Page 189: ...bsite http www 3com com support ocr840 index html under User Documentation Accessing the CLI from the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager To use this feature from the Home page select the Tools link then select the new Command Line Interface link On the next screen select the Start CLI button This starts a separate not within the browser Telnet window that automatically Telnets to the IP address of t...

Page 190: ...D 2 APPENDIX D USING THE CLI GUIDE 840ug book Page 2 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 191: ...ommuting Remote Office Access Using the Configuration Audit Saving the Configuration Testing the Configuration Instructions for Internet Access Before you configure your OfficeConnect Remote 840 for Internet Access make sure you have completed the appropriate Internet Configuration Planning Form by entering information from your service provider For your convenience the forms have been reproduced ...

Page 192: ...n containing the following fields Enter a name to identify the remote site Enter the Max Packet Size Set Network Service to PPP over Frame Relay or RFC 1490 Enter the DLCI Check the Enable Bridging and Enable MAC Encapsulated Routing boxes according to your service provider s directions Check the Enable Remote Site box 840ug book Page 2 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 193: ...ame Relay or RFC 1483 If PPP enter the Authentication Name and Authentication Password provided to you You can change the header compression from the default of none to TCP IP if you wish Check Enable Bridging and Enable MAC Encapsulated Routing boxes according to your service provider s directions 2 Click the Add button This advances you to the ATM Modify screen 840ug book Page 3 Friday July 7 20...

Page 194: ...e Configuration Planning Forms Enter the Virtual Path Identifier VPI and the Virtual Channel Identifier VCI for the virtual channel you are configuring If necessary enter any upstream Category of Service parameters that may have been provided to you The default value of UBR with a Peak Cell Rate PCR of 0 will attempt to use all available bandwidth when transmitting 2 Press Next to continue on to t...

Page 195: ...l be no IP address assigned to the VC connection Configure the Remote WAN IP Address If the ISP provided a remote IP address and netmask select Specified and type in that address and netmask If the OfficeConnect Remote 840 is learning the remote IP address from the remote site PPP only select Learn From Remote In order to designate the remote site you are configuring as the default gateway check t...

Page 196: ...at Enable IP is checked enabled 2 Press the Next button to proceed to the IP Advanced Modify screen This screen contains the following fields 3 Check the Enable PAT button to use Port Address Translation refer to the Configuration Planning Table in Chapter 1 of the OfficeConnect Remote 840 SDSL Router Install Guide to determine if PAT is to be enabled You cannot use an unnumbered Local IP WAN Addr...

Page 197: ... the Telecommuting Remote Access Planning Form from Chapter 1 of the Installation Guide by entering information from your remote site network administrator Step 1 Configuring Remote Site General Information Add a remote site by going to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 home page 1 Add a remote site by going to the OfficeConnect Remote 840 home page Select Configuration Remote Sites WAN Add If your uni...

Page 198: ...g fields Enter a name to identify the remote site Set Network Service to PPP over Frame Relay or RFC 1483 If PPP enter the Authentication Name and Authentication Password provided to you You can change the header compression from the default of none to TCP IP if you wish Check the Enable Bridging and or Enable MAC Encapsulated Routing boxes as needed 2 Click the Add button This advances you to the...

Page 199: ...guration Planning Table in Chapter 1 of the OfficeConnect Remote 840 SDSL Router Install Guide 2 2 Enter the Virtual Path Identifier VPI and the Virtual Channel Identifier VCI for the virtual channel you are configuring 3 If necessary enter any upstream Category of Service parameters that may have been provided to you The default value of UBR with a Peak Cell Rate PCR of 0 will attempt to use all ...

Page 200: ...N IP Address If the remote site administrator provided you with a single IP address select Specified and enter that address If you are using PPP to assign a single IP address dynamically select Dynamic and the remote site on the WAN will assign a local WAN IP address to you Otherwise select Unnumbered and there will be no IP address assigned to the VC connection 3 Remote WAN IP Address 840ug book ...

Page 201: ...nly one remote site can be designated as the default gateway If you want to run RIP select from the pull down menu to have the RIP set to Broadcast Listen or Broadcast Listen and if one of these is chosen set the RIP option to RIPV1 or RIPV2 Ensure that Enable IP is checked enabled 4 Press the Next button to proceed to the IP Advanced Modify screen shown below 5 Check the Enable PAT button to use ...

Page 202: ...uting IPX complete the entries in this page Otherwise press the Modify button to complete your remote site configuration and then press the Save Configuration button 2 Select the option in the IPX WAN Network Address box Select Unnumbered or if the remote site administrator provided an IPX address for the WAN connection select Numbered and then enter the address To automatically learn IPX RIPs and...

Page 203: ...onnect Remote 840 to bridge traffic follow these steps 1 From the OfficeConnect Remote 840 home page select Configuration Local Site LAN Bridge Add 2 Enter a name for the network and check the Enable Bridging box 3 Click Add to add this defined bridge network If you plan to bridge IP packets instead of routing them you need to disable IP Forwarding To do this 1 From the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Ma...

Page 204: ...figuration Pressing the Save Configuration on the sidebar also within the Tools menu causes the current configuration of the unit to be saved to FLASH memory This means that this configuration will be reinstated after power cycle or reboot Unless saved to FLASH configuration changes remain in effect only until the next reboot or power cycle Testing the Configuration After you finish your configura...

Page 205: ...com com This service provides access to online support information such as technical documentation and software library as well as support options ranging from technical education to maintenance and professional services A user name and password are not needed with Web browser software such as Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer Support from Your Network Supplier If additional assistance is r...

Page 206: ...rt phone number at the location nearest you When you contact 3Com for assistance have the following information ready Product model name part number and serial number A list of system hardware and software including revision levels Diagnostic error messages Details about recent configuration changes if applicable Returning Products for Repair Before you send a product directly to 3Com for repair y...

Page 207: ...rved B 2 translation 11 11 Address Resolution Protocol ARP table 11 9 Address Translation defined 1 8 advanced bridging options 5 9 RIP modification options 4 5 advertisement filters 12 3 assigning IP addresses and subnetting B 5 syslog managers 2 8 ATM E 3 cell status 11 5 defined 1 3 interface 11 5 interface status 11 5 site counters 11 7 B back panel 1 11 bridge connection problems 13 13 counte...

Page 208: ...mote site connection 4 7 IP parameters for the remote site 4 7 IP RIP on a remote site 4 10 IP RIP on the LAN 4 5 IP static and framed routes 4 11 IPX for remote site connections 9 3 IPX for the LAN 9 2 adding a local IPX network 9 2 deleting a local IPX network 9 3 modifying a local IPX network 9 3 IPX RIP and SAP 9 10 IPX static and framed routes 9 5 IPX static and framed services 9 7 NAT 6 4 ne...

Page 209: ...LAN 4 5 IP testing PING 4 14 modifying a local IP network 4 4 monitoring 4 14 configuring IP static and framed routes adding a framed IP route to a remote site 4 11 adding a static IP route to the LAN 4 11 configuring IPX RIP and SAP local site LAN RIP and SAP 9 10 remote site RIP and SAP 9 11 configuring IPX static and framed routes adding framed IPX route to a remote site 9 6 adding static IPX r...

Page 210: ...a bridge network 5 4 a local IP network 4 4 a login 2 2 a remote site profile 3 3 local IPX network 9 3 DIP switches 1 12 document notation 3 1 16 Domain Name Server DNS configuring 8 2 configuring remote servers 8 2 configuring static DNS host entries 8 4 overview 8 1 Domain Name Server DNS defined 1 8 dynamic Network Address Translation C 3 Port Address Translation C 5 Dynamic Host Configuration...

Page 211: ...ric filters 12 3 modifying filters using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager 12 13 OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager filter screens 12 6 overview 12 1 turning a filter off using the OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager 12 13 forwarding table 11 15 Frame Relay E 2 defined 1 3 VC site counters 11 8 front panel 1 10 G general network connection problems 13 7 generic filters 12 3 getting started quickly 1...

Page 212: ...of IP addresses B 6 reserved addresses B 2 single IP address B 6 subnetting B 1 subnetting and the OfficeConnect Remote 840 B 4 supernetting advanced TCP IP B 3 IPX 11 13 network connection problems 13 12 networks 11 13 routes 11 13 services 11 14 testing 9 12 IPX routing configuring for LAN 9 2 configuring IPX for remote site connections 9 3 configuring IPX RIP and SAP 9 10 configuring IPX static...

Page 213: ...eConnect Remote 840 11 1 remote site connections 3 8 monitoring the OfficeConnect Remote 840 address translation 11 11 ATM interface 11 5 bridge 11 14 Critical Event Log 11 16 DHCP 11 10 Ethernet performance 11 3 IP networks 11 8 IPX 11 13 remote site connection 11 7 throughput performance 11 1 multiple paths between LANs A 5 N network organization A 6 supplier support F 1 topology A 6 Network Add...

Page 214: ...13 using 1 16 online help 1 17 technical services F 1 Open Systems Interconnection Network Layer Model A 8 optimum use of resource A 6 P physical layout A 6 Point to Point Protocol PPP benefits 1 7 defined 1 7 Port Address Translation C 4 default C 6 dynamic C 5 example C 4 static C 5 port assignment table 11 12 problems bridge connection 13 13 general network connection 13 7 IP network connection...

Page 215: ...le adding 3 2 deleting 3 3 modifying 3 3 reserved addresses B 2 Reset button 2 4 resource optimum use A 6 restoring factory defaults 2 3 returning products for repair F 2 RFC 1483 benefits 1 7 defined 1 6 RFC 1490 defined 1 7 routing concepts A 1 guidelines A 2 IP A 7 vs bridging 1 4 S safety information 4 SDSL modem defined 1 3 SDSL transceiver status 11 6 selecting address translation 6 1 single...

Page 216: ...2 tables IP TCP UDP ICMP 11 10 TCP counters 11 10 tables 11 10 technical support 3Com URL F 1 network suppliers F 1 product repair F 2 testing bridging 5 11 TFTP access 2 6 throughput performance 11 1 topology A 6 trap managers 2 7 troubleshooting bridge connection problems 13 13 general network connection problems 13 7 IP network connection problems 13 9 IP Wizard problems 13 3 IPX network connec...

Page 217: ... 10 1 OfficeConnect Remote 840 CD 10 2 via DOS 10 3 via OfficeConnect Remote 840 Manager 10 2 URL F 1 using OfficeConnect Remote 840 1 16 W WAN connection problems 13 6 interface events 11 16 Web browser problems 13 3 World Wide Web WWW F 1 Y Year 2000 compliance 5 840ug book Page 11 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 218: ...840ug book Page 12 Friday July 7 2000 2 23 PM ...

Page 219: ...product not in accordance with 3Com s published specifications or user manual THIS 3COM PRODUCT MAY INCLUDE OR BE BUNDLED WITH THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE THE USE OF WHICH IS GOVERNEND BY A SEPARATE END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT THIS 3COM WARRANTY DOES NOT APPLY TO SUCH THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE FOR THE APPLICABLE WARRANTY PLEASE REFER TO THE END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT GOVERNING THE USE OF SUCH SOFTWARE YEAR 200...

Page 220: ...ERATION OF LAW STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE INCLUDING WARRANTIES TERMS OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE SATISFACTORY QUALITY CORRESPONDENCE WITH DESCRIPTION AND NON INFRINGEMENT ALL OF WHICH ARE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED 3COM NEITHER ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANY OTHER PERSON TO ASSUME FOR IT ANY OTHER LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE INSTALLATION MAINTENANCE OR USE OF ITS ...

Page 221: ...orient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from the one which the receiver is connected to Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help The user may find the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful The Interference Handbook Th...

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