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Making Measurements

FFT Measurement

FFT Measurement Hints - Continued

While the FFT spectrum is displayed, use the

Math

and

Cursors

keys to switch

between measurement functions and frequency domain controls in FFT menu.

Decreasing the effective sampling rate by selecting a slower sweep speed will
increase the low frequency resolution of the FFT display and also increase the
chance that an alias will be displayed.  The resolution of the FFT is one-half of the
effective sample rate divided by the number of points in the FFT. The actual resolution
of the display will not be this fine as the shape of the window will be the actual limiting
factor in the FFTs ability to resolve two closely space frequencies.  A good way to
test the ability of the FFT to resolve two closely spaced frequencies is to examine
the sidebands of an amplitude modulated sine wave.  For example, at 2 MSa/s
effective sampling rate, a 1 MHz AM signal can be resolved to 2 kHz. Increasing the
effective sampling rate to 4 MSa/s increases the resolution to 5 kHz for a set 2048
point FFT.

For the best vertical accuracy on peak measurements:
• Make sure the probe attenuation is set correctly. The probe attenuation is set

from the Channel menu if the operand is a channel.

• Set the source sensitivity so that the input signal is near full screen, but not

clipped.

• Use the Flat Top window.
• Set the FFT sensitivity to a sensitive range, such as 2 dB/division.

For best frequency accuracy on peaks:
• Use the Hanning window.
• Use Cursors to place an X cursor on the frequency of interest.
• Adjust frequency span for better cursor placement.
• Return to the Cursors menu to fine tune the X cursor.

For more information on the use of window please refer to Agilent Application Note
243," The Fundamentals of Signal Analysis" Chapter III, Section 5 (Agilent part number
5952-8898.) Additional information can be obtained from "Spectrum and Network
Measurements" by Robert A. Witte, in Chapter 4 (Agilent part number 5960-5718).

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Summary of Contents for 54621A

Page 1: ...tory information see the pages behind the Index Copyright Agilent Technologies 2000 2002 All Rights Reserved Agilent54621A 22A 24A 41A 42A Oscilloscopes and Agilent 54621D 22D 41D 42D Mixed Signal Oscilloscopes Advanced Test Equipment Rentals www atecorp com 800 404 ATEC 2832 Established 1981 ...

Page 2: ...tion Infinite persistence accumulates and displays the results of multiple acquisitions General controls measure save and restore results and configure the oscilloscope Waveform math including FFT subtract multiply integrate and differentiate UseQuickMeastomakeautomaticmeasurements Integrated counter included with Quick Meas Use cursors to make manual measurements Save or recall measurement config...

Page 3: ...ter 3 Triggering the Oscilloscope how to trigger the oscilloscope using all the various modes Chapter 4 MegaZoom Concepts and Oscilloscope Operation acquiring waveforms horizontal and vertical operation using digital channels Chapter 5 Making Measurements capturing data using math function making measurement with cursors and automatic measurements Chapter 6 Utilities configuring the I O print sett...

Page 4: ...iv ...

Page 5: ...cilloscope interface 1 23 Using Quick Help 1 25 Selecting a language for Quick Help when the oscilloscope starts up 1 25 Selecting a language for Quick Help after you have been operating the oscilloscope 1 26 Loading an updated language file from floppy disk 1 27 2 Front Panel Overview Important Oscilloscope Considerations 2 3 54620 40 series Oscilloscope Front Panels 2 7 Front Panel Operation 2 1...

Page 6: ...lecting Trigger Modes and Conditions 3 3 To select the Mode and Coupling menu 3 3 To select a trigger mode Normal Auto Auto Level 3 4 To select trigger Coupling 3 6 To select Noise Reject and HF Reject 3 6 To set holdoff 3 7 External Trigger Input 3 9 Trigger Types 3 11 To use Edge triggering 3 12 To use Pulse Width triggering 3 14 To use Pattern triggering 3 17 To use CAN triggering 3 19 To use D...

Page 7: ... infinite persistence to store multiple repetitive events 4 30 To clear the waveform display 4 31 Configuring the Mixed Signal Oscilloscope 4 32 To display digital channels using Autoscale 4 32 Interpreting the digital waveform display 4 33 To display and rearrange the digital channels 4 34 To turn individual channels on and off 4 35 To force all channels on or all channels off 4 36 To change the ...

Page 8: ...e the random noise on a signal 5 6 To capture glitches or narrow pulses with peak detect and infinite persistence 5 10 To use the Roll horizontal mode 5 12 To use the XY horizontal mode 5 13 Math Functions 5 17 Math Scale and Offset 5 18 Multiply 5 19 Subtract 5 20 Differentiate 5 21 Integrate 5 23 FFT Measurement 5 25 Cursor Measurements 5 31 To make cursor measurements 5 32 Automatic Measurement...

Page 9: ...igure a printer 6 6 To use the floppy disk 6 8 To set up the I O port to use a controller 6 9 To set the clock 6 11 To set up the screen saver 6 12 To perform service functions 6 14 To set other options 6 16 7 Performance Characteristics Agilent 54620 series Performance Characteristics 7 3 Agilent 54640 series Performance Characteristics 7 13 ...

Page 10: ...Contents 6 ...

Page 11: ...1 Getting Started ...

Page 12: ...e trigger to reference the waveform data at a specific event of interest Use the oscilloscope to acquire data either in continuous or single shot fashion Examine the data and make measurements on it using various features Save the measurement or configuration for later re use or comparison with other measurements Repeat the process as necessary until you verify correct operation or find the source...

Page 13: ...anging signals You can then use the characteristics of these signals to help refine the trigger specification For more information on triggering data acquisition data examination and measurement and configuration see the later chapters Using the Oscilloscope and Refining the Trigger Specification ...

Page 14: ...ill inspect package contents inspect options and accessories learn how to clean the oscilloscope adjust the handle power on the oscilloscope adjust the display intensity connect the oscilloscope probes connect the digital probes with 54621D 22D 41D 42D connect a printer connect a RS 232 cable verify basic oscilloscope operation get started using the oscilloscope interface learn how to use Quick He...

Page 15: ...10073C 500 MHz for 54641A 41D 42A or 42D 54620 68701 digital probe kit for 54621D 22D 41D or 42D Accessory pouch and front panel cover standard for all except 54621A 21D 54621A and 21D order N2726A Power cord see table 1 3 IntuiLink for 54600 series Oscilloscopes software and RS 232 cable all except for 54621A or 21D IntuiLink is a Windows application that makes it very easy for you to download im...

Page 16: ... binary or text files Copy the chart and a selected portion of the data to the clipboard The maximum data saved to the clipboard is 50 000 point Load saved waveform data back into the application For 54621A and 21D users IntuiLink Data Capture software is available free on the web at www agilent com find 5462xsw RS 232 cable may be ordered separately part number 34398A If anything is missing conta...

Page 17: ...round lead qty 5 5090 4833 Grabber qty 20 IntuiLink for 54600 series software Data Capture software and serial cable 54620 40 Series Oscilloscope 54620 68701 digital probe kit 54621D 22D 41D 42D only All except 54621A 21D The following additional replacement parts not included are available for the digital cable 5959 9333 replacement probe leads qty 5 5959 9335 replacement pod grounds qty 5 01650 ...

Page 18: ...ptions and accessories available for the 54620 40 Series Oscilloscopes are listed in tables 1 1 and 1 2 Contact your Agilent Sales Office for a complete list of options and accessories Table 1 1 Options available Option Description 003 Shielding Option for use in severe environments or with sensitive devices under test shields both ways in and out RS 03 magnetic interface shielding added to CRT an...

Page 19: ...0833A GPIB cable 1 m long 34398A RS 232 cable standard except 54621A 21D E2613B 0 5 mm Wedge probe adapter 3 signal qty 2 E2614A 0 5 mm Wedge probe adapter 8 signal qty 1 E2615B 0 65 mm Wedge probe adapter 3 signal qty 2 E2616A 0 65 mm Wedge probe adapter 8 signal qty 1 E2643A 0 5 mm Wedge probe adapter 16 signal qty 1 E2644A 0 65 mm Wedge probe adapter 16 signal qty 1 N2726A Accessory pouch and f...

Page 20: ...r Opt 900 U K 8120 1703 Opt 918 Japan 8120 4754 Opt 901 Australia 8120 0696 Opt 919 Israel 8120 6799 Opt 902 Europe 8120 1692 Opt 920 Argentina 8120 6871 Opt 903 U S A 8120 1521 Opt 921 Chile 8120 6979 Opt 906 Switzerland 8120 2296 Opt 922 China 8120 8377 Opt 912 Denmark 8120 2957 Opt 927 Thailand 8120 8871 Opt 917 Africa 8120 4600 ...

Page 21: ...use too much liquid in cleaning the oscilloscope Water can enter the front panel keyboard control knobs or floppy disk damaging sensitive electronic components 2 Clean the oscilloscope with a soft cloth dampened with a mild soap and water solution 3 Make sure that the instrument is completely dry before reconnecting to a power source ...

Page 22: ...ide of the instrument and pull the pivot out until it stops 2 Without releasing the pivots swivel the handle to the desired position Then release the pivots Continue pivoting the handle until it clicks into a set position 54622D MIXED SIGNAL OSCILLOSCOPE CHANNEL INPUTS 5ns 1 s 15 0 Time Div Select Agilent ...

Page 23: ...ly automatically adjusts for input line voltages in the range 100 to 240 VAC Therefore you do not need to adjust the input line voltage setting The line cord provided is matched to the country of origin Ensure that you have the correct line cord See table 1 3 2 Press the power switch Some front panel key lights will come on and the oscilloscope will be operational in about 5 seconds 5V T rigger ou...

Page 24: ...To decrease waveform intensity rotate the Intensity control counter clockwise To increase waveform intensity rotate the Intensity control clockwise Figure 1 1 Intensity control The grid or graticule intensity on the display can be adjusted by pressing the Display key then turn the Entry knob labeled on the front panel to adjust the Grid control Bright Dim ...

Page 25: ...connect if greater than 5 Vrms is detected However the inputs could still be damaged depending on the time constant of the signal C A U T I O N The 50Ω input protection mode on the 54640 series models only functions when the oscilloscope is powered on 1 Connect the supplied 1 5 meter 10 1 oscilloscope probe to an analog channel BNC connector input on the oscilloscope Maximum input voltage for anal...

Page 26: ...y compensated probe can introduce measurement errors To compensate a probe follow these steps 1 Connect the probe from channel 1 to the Probe Comp signal on the lower right corner of the front panel 2 Press Autoscale 3 Use a nonmetallic tool to adjust the trimmer capacitor on the probe for the flattest pulse possible comp cdr Perfectly compensated Over compensated Under compensated ...

Page 27: ...ght occur if you accidentally short two lines together while connecting probes You can leave the oscilloscope powered on because no voltage appears at the probes 2 Connect the digital probe cable to D15 D0 connector on the front panel of the mixed signal oscilloscope The digital probe cable is indexed so you can connect it only one way You do not need to power off the oscilloscope Use only the Agi...

Page 28: ...bes mixed signal oscilloscope only 3 Connect a grabber to one of the probe leads Be sure to connect the ground lead Other probe leads are omitted from the figure for clarity 4 Connect the grabber to a node in the circuit you want to test Grabber ...

Page 29: ...elead connect a grabber to the ground lead and attach the grabber to ground in the circuit under test 6 Connect the ground lead on each set of channels using a probe grabber The ground lead improves signal fidelity to the instrument ensuring accurate measurements Signal Lead Ground Lead Grabber Circuit Ground Channel Pod Ground ...

Page 30: ... points of interest 8 If you need to remove a probe lead from the cable insert a paper clip or other small pointed object into the side of the cable assembly and push to release the latch while pulling out the probe lead Replacement parts are available See the Replaceable Parts chapter in the Service Guide for details Signals Ground ...

Page 31: ...printer configuration refer to the Utilities chapter To connect an RS 232 cable The oscilloscope can be connected to a controller or a pc through the RS 232 connector on the rear of the oscilloscope An RS 232 cable is shipped with each oscilloscope except 54621A 21D and may be purchased for the 54621A 21D oscilloscopes 1 Attach the 9 pin D connector on the RS 232 cable to the RS 232 connector on t...

Page 32: ...nt panel then press the Default Setup softkey under the display The oscilloscope is now configured to its default settings 4 Press the Autoscale key on the front panel You should then see a square wave with peak to peak amplitude of about 5 divisions and a period of about 4 divisions as shown below If you do not see the waveform ensure your power source is adequate the oscilloscope is properly pow...

Page 33: ...23 Getting started using the oscilloscope interface When the oscilloscope is first turned on a startup screen is displayed as shown below This menu is only accessible when the oscilloscope first starts up ...

Page 34: ...y a pop up with a list of choices Repeatedly press the softkey until your choice is selected Use the Entry knob labeled or press the softkey to adjust the parameter Option is selected and operational Feature is on Press the softkey again to turn the feature off Feature is off Press the softkey again to turn the feature on Links you to another menu Press the softkey to view the menu Press the softk...

Page 35: ...lease the key after reading the message Releasing the key returns the oscilloscope to the previous state Selecting a language for Quick Help when the oscilloscope starts up When the oscilloscope first powers up you can press the Language softkey to select a language for viewing Quick Help Successively press the Language softkey until the desired language in the list is selected You can also select...

Page 36: ...e Utility key then press the Language softkey to display the Language menu 2 Press the Language softkey until the desired language in the list is selected When updates occur an updated language file can be downloaded from www agilent com find 5462xsw for the 54620 series or www agilent com find 5464xsw for the 54640 series or call an Agilent center and request a language disk for your instrument ...

Page 37: ...or call an Agilent center and request a language disk for your instrument 1 Insert the floppy disk containing the language file into the floppy disk drive on the oscilloscope 2 Press the Utility key then press the Language softkey to display the Language menu 3 Press the Load Languages softkey to load the updated language file into the oscilloscope 4 Press the Language softkey and select the langu...

Page 38: ...1 28 ...

Page 39: ...2 Front Panel Overview ...

Page 40: ...oscope Operation chapter has more detail on the things to consider while operating your oscilloscope The keys on the front panel bring up softkey menus on the display that allow access to oscilloscope features Many softkeys use the Entry knob to select values Throughout this book the front panel keys and softkeys are denoted by a change in the text type For example the Cursors key is on the front ...

Page 41: ...illoscope Viewing signal detail with acquire mode Remember howyou had to constantly adjust the brightness onold analog scopes to see a desired level of detail in a signal or to see the signal at all With the Agilent 54620 40 series oscilloscopes this is not necessary The Intensity knob operates much like the brightness knob on your computer screen so you should set it to a level that makes for com...

Page 42: ...gnal wider than 1 ns will be displayed regardless of sweep speed In Normal acquisition mode at sweep speeds faster than 500 µs div you would see a 1 ns peak so peak detect has no effect at sweep speeds faster than 500 µs div Using Peak Detect and infinite persistence together is a powerful way to find spurious signals and glitches Average acquire mode Averaging is a way to pull a repetitive signal...

Page 43: ...ilter is not used When the trigger is stable this produces the highest fidelity waveform Realtime mode is only necessary at sweep speeds of 200 ns div and faster for the 54620 series and 2 µs div and faster for the 54640 series since on these ranges 1000 samples can be collected on each trigger While the effective bandwidth of the channel is reduced slightly Realtime mode produces a complete wavef...

Page 44: ...ar apart that they are of little value See the MegaZoom Concepts and Oscilloscope Operation chapter for more information about delayed sweep and time reference Post Acquisition Processing In addition to changing display parameters after the acquisition you can do all of the measurements and math functions after the acquisition Measurements and math functions will be recalculated as you pan and zoo...

Page 45: ...1 54621A 54622A 54641A and 54642A 2 Channel Oscilloscopes Front Panel Display Horizontal controls Trigger controls Run controls Intensity control Power switch Vertical inputs controls External Trigger input Probe comp output Floppy disk Softkeys Waveform keys Measure keys File keys Entry knob Autoscale key Utility key ...

Page 46: ...e 2 2 54624A 4 Channel Oscilloscope Front Panel Display Horizontal controls Trigger controls Run controls Intensity control Power switch Vertical inputs controls Probe comp output Floppy disk Softkeys Waveform keys Measure keys File keys Entry knob Autoscale key Utility key ...

Page 47: ...42D Mixed Signal Oscilloscopes Front Panel Display Horizontal controls Trigger controls Run controls Intensity control Power switch Analog Channel inputs controls Probe Comp output Floppy disk Softkeys Waveform keys Measure keys File keys Entry knob Autoscale key Utility key Digital Channel inputs controls ...

Page 48: ... operating instructions are provided in later chapters 54621D 54622D 54641D and 54642D digital channels Because all of the oscilloscopes in the 54620 40 series have analog channels the analog channel topics in this chapter apply to all instruments Whenever a topic discusses the digital channels that information applies only to the 54621D 54622D 54641D or 54642D Mixed Signal Oscilloscopes ...

Page 49: ... identifiers and analog trigger and ground level indicators Measurement line This line normally contains automatic measurement and cursor results but can also display advanced trigger setup data and menu information Softkeys The softkeys allow you to set up additional parameters for front panel keys Analog channels sensitivity Digital channel activity Delay time Trigger level or digital threshold ...

Page 50: ...elected and want to return to your previous settings To set the instrument to the factory default configuration press the Save Recall key then press the Default Setup softkey Example Connect the oscilloscope probes for channels 1 and 2 to the Probe Comp output on the front panel of the instrument Be sure to connect the probe ground leads to the lug above the Probe Comp output Set the instrument to...

Page 51: ...turn to your previous settings To set the instrument to the factory default configuration press the Save Recall key then press the Default Setup softkey Example Install probe clips on channels 0 and 1 on the digital probe cable Connect the probes for digital channels 0 and 1 to the Probe Comp output on the front panel of the instrument Be sure to connect the ground lead Set the instrument to the f...

Page 52: ...t number analog channel down to the lowest number analog channel and finally if applicable the highest number digital channel During Autoscale the delay is set to 0 0 seconds the sweep speed setting is a function of the input signal about 2 periods of the triggered signal on the screen and the triggering mode is set to edge Vectors remain in the state they were before the Autoscale Undo Autoscale ...

Page 53: ...tion The major default settings are Horizontal main mode 100 us div scale 0 s delay center time reference Vertical Analog Channel 1 on 5 V div scale dc coupling 0 V position 1 MΩ impedance probe factor to 1 0 if an AutoProbe probe is not connected to the channel Trigger Edge trigger Auto sweep mode 0 V level channel 1 source dc coupling rising edge slope 60 ns holdoff time Display Vectors on 20 gr...

Page 54: ...e front panel and notice that it causes the status line to change Press the 1 key If channel 1 was not turned on a softkey menu appears on the display and the channel turns on the 1 key will be illuminated If channel 1 was already turned on but another menu was being displayed the softkeys will now display the channel 1 menu When Vernier is turned off the volts div knob can change the channel sens...

Page 55: ... the signal about the position of the channel s ground press the Utility key press the Options softkey Then press the Expand softkey and select Expand About Ground With Expand About Ground selected when you turn the volts division knob the ground level of the waveform remains at the same point on the display while the non ground portions of the waveform expand or contract To set analog channel pro...

Page 56: ...e keys are illuminated 2 Turn the Digital Channel Select knob to select a single digital channel The selected channel number is highlighted on the left side of the display 3 Turn the Digital position knob to reposition the selected channel on the display If two or more channels are displayed at the same position a pop up will appear showing the overlaid channels Continue turning the Channel Select...

Page 57: ...nd it pauses at 0 00 s mimicking a mechanical detent At the top of the graticule is a solid triangle symbolandan opentriangle symbol The symbolindicates the trigger point and it moves with the Delay time knob The symbol indicates the time reference point and is also where the zoom in zoom out is referenced If the Time Ref softkey is set to Left the is located one graticule in from the left side of...

Page 58: ...ween a user requesting a Stop and the completion of the current acquisition To make a single acquisition The Single run control key lets you view single shot events without subsequent waveform data overwriting the display Use Single when you want maximum memory depth for pan and zoom and you want the maximum sample rate 1 First set trigger Mode Coupling Mode softkey to Normal This keeps the oscill...

Page 59: ...d for the delayed sweep window turn the sweep speed knob As you turn the knob the sweep speed is highlighted in the status line above the waveform display area The area of the main display that is expanded is intensified and marked on each end with a vertical marker These markers show what portion of the main sweep is expanded in the lower half The Horizontal knobs control the size and position of...

Page 60: ...cursors results to measure voltage and time Normal or display the binary or hexadecimal logic value of the displayed waveforms Source selects a channel or math function for the cursor measurements X Y Select either the X cursors or the Y cursors for adjustment with the Entry knob X1 and X2 adjust horizontally and normally measure time Y1 and Y2 adjust vertically and normally measure voltage X1 X2 ...

Page 61: ...measurement is not displayed or does not display enough resolution to make the measurement the result will be displayed with a message such as greater than a value less than a value not enough edges not enough amplitude incomplete or waveform is clipped to indicate that the measurement may not be reliable 3 Press the Clear Meas softkey to stop making measurements and to erase the measurement resul...

Page 62: ...hown in the status line on the top of the display To change waveform intensity turn the INTENSITY knob on the lower left corner of the front panel To print the display You can print the complete display including the status line and softkeys to a parallel printer or to the floppy disk by pressing the Quick Print key You can stop printing by pressing the Cancel Print softkey To set up your printer ...

Page 63: ...3 Triggering the Oscilloscope ...

Page 64: ...ou can modify the way the oscilloscope acquires data set up simple or complex trigger conditions as needed to capture only the sequence of events you want to examine The oscilloscopes all have common triggering functionality Trigger modes Auto Normal Auto Level 54620 series only Coupling including high frequency and noise rejection Holdoff Trigger Level External Trigger input Trigger types Edge sl...

Page 65: ...of the trigger event as dividing acquisition memory into a pre trigger and post trigger buffer The position of the trigger event in acquisition memory is defined by the time reference point and the delay setting Acquisition Memory To select the Mode and Coupling menu Press the Mode Coupling key in the Trigger section of the front panel Trigger Event Post Trigger Buffer Acquisition Memory Pre Trigg...

Page 66: ...lay a dc signal you must use one of these two auto trigger modes since there are no edges on which to trigger Auto Level mode 54620 series only is the same as Auto mode with an automatic trigger level adjustment The oscilloscope looks at the level on the signals and if the trigger level is out of range with respect to the signal the scope adjusts the trigger level back to the middle of the signal ...

Page 67: ...gger buffer and display the acquisition memory If the acquisition was initiated by Run Stop the process repeats The waveform data will be scrolled onto the display as it is being acquired In either Auto or Normal mode the trigger may be missed completely under certain conditions This is because the oscilloscope will not recognize a trigger event until the pre trigger buffer is full Suppose you set...

Page 68: ...trigger waveform such as power line frequencies that can interfere with proper triggering Use this coupling to get a stable edge trigger when your waveform has low frequency noise TV coupling is normally grayed out but is automatically selected when TV trigger is enabled in the Trigger More menu To select Noise Reject and HF Reject 1 Press the Mode Coupling key 2 Press the Noise Rej softkey to sel...

Page 69: ...lize the display of complex waveforms To get a stable trigger on the pulse burst shown below set the holdoff time to be 200 ns but 600 ns By setting the Holdoff you can synchronize triggers The oscilloscope will trigger on one edge of the waveform and ignore further edges until the holdoff time expires The oscilloscope will then re arm the trigger circuit to search for the next edge trigger This a...

Page 70: ...ting is typically slightly less than one period Set the holdoff to this time to generate a unique trigger point This action works even though many waveform periods pass between triggers because the holdoff circuit operates on the input signal continuously Changing the time base settings does not affect the holdoff number In contrast the holdoff in analog oscilloscopes is a function of the time bas...

Page 71: ...I 100 Vrms 400 Vpk with 10073C or 10074C 10 1 probe CAT I 500 Vpk CAT II 400 Vpk C A U T I O N Do not exceed 5 Vrms in 50Ω mode on the 54640 series models Input protection is enabled in 50Ω mode and the 50Ω load will disconnect if greater than 5 Vrms is detected However the input could still be damaged depending on the time constant of the signal C A U T I O N The 50Ω input protection mode on the ...

Page 72: ...urement results channel sensitivity and trigger level will reflect the measurement units you have selected Input Impedance The 54620 series oscilloscope external trigger input impedance is always 1 MΩ The 54640 series oscilloscope external trigger input impedance can be set to either 1M Ohm or 50 Ohm by pressing the Imped softkey 50 Ohm mode matches 50 ohm cables commonly used in making high frequ...

Page 73: ...al Bus trigger Changes to the trigger specification are applied when you make them If the oscilloscope is stopped when you change a trigger specification the scope will use the new specification when you press Run Stop or Single If the oscilloscope is running when you change a triggering specification it uses the new trigger definition when it starts the next acquisition You select the trigger typ...

Page 74: ...lling edge of the input signal Slope Selects rising edge or falling edge for the selected trigger source The selected slope is displayed in the upper right corner of the display 3 Select 1 2 Ext or Line as the trigger source The trigger source can also be set to channel 3 and 4 on the 4 channel oscilloscope or can be set to digital channels D15 through D0 on the mixed signal oscilloscope You can c...

Page 75: ...trigger source Select Threshold in the D7 Thru D0 or D15 Thru D8 menu to set the threshold level TTL CMOS ECL or user defined for the selected digital channel group The threshold value is displayed in the upper right corner of the display External Line source Ext external trigger and Line triggers off the power line frequency trigger share the same softkey on the display Toggle the softkey to sele...

Page 76: ... polarity symbol The source can be any analog or digital channel available on your oscilloscope External trigger may also be specified as a source when using the 2 channel and 4 channel oscilloscopes Adjust the trigger level for the selected analog channel source by turning the Trigger Level knob The position of the trigger level for the analog channel is indicated by the trigger level icon if the...

Page 77: ...the high to low transition of the pulse if the qualifying condition is true When triggering on a negative pulse the trigger will occur on the low to high transition of the pulse if the qualifying condition is true 4 Press the qualifier softkey to select the time qualifier The Qualifier softkey can set the oscilloscope to trigger on a pulse width that is less than a time value For example for a pos...

Page 78: ...range value qualifier time set softkey When the greater than qualifier is selected the Entry knob sets the oscilloscope to trigger on a pulse width greater than the time value displayed on the softkey When the time range qualifier is selected the Entry knob sets the lower time range value 54620 series 5 ns to 10 for or qualifier 10 ns to 10 s for qualifier with minimum difference of 5 ns between u...

Page 79: ...on mixed signal oscilloscopes the channel you select is highlighted in the Pattern line directly above the softkeys and in the upper right corner of the display next to Pat External trigger may also be specified as a channel in the pattern when using the 2 channel and 4 channel oscilloscopes Adjust the trigger level for the selected analog channel by turning the Trigger Level knob The position of ...

Page 80: ...d as part of the pattern If all channels in the pattern are set to don t care the oscilloscope will not trigger The rising edge or falling edge falling edge softkey sets the pattern to an edge on the selected channel Only one rising or falling edge can be specified in the pattern When an edge is specified the oscilloscope will trigger at the edge specified if the pattern set for the other channels...

Page 81: ...e Trigger section of the front panel rotate the Entry knob until CAN is displayed in the Trigger softkey then press the Settings softkey to display CAN trigger menu Agilent N2758A CAN Trigger Module The following topic discusses the basic CAN triggering available in the 54620 40 series oscilloscopes For advanced CAN triggering using the optional AgilentN2758ACANTriggerModulefor54620 40 seriesMixed...

Page 82: ... CAN bus transceiver Tx the Transmit signal to the CAN bus transceiver Differential the CAN differential bus signals connected to an analog source channel using a differential probe 5 Press the Source softkey to select the channel connected to the CAN signal line If the Signal softkey is set to Differential connect an analog source channel to the CAN differential bus signal using a differential pr...

Page 83: ...he channel you select is highlighted in the Pattern line directly above the softkeys and in the upper right corner of the display next to Dur External trigger may also be specified as a channel in the pattern when using the 2 channel and 4 channel oscilloscopes Adjust the trigger level for the selected analog channel by turning the Trigger Level knob The position of the trigger level for the analo...

Page 84: ... Any channel set to don t care is ignored and is not used as part of the pattern If all channels in the pattern are set to don t care the oscilloscope will not trigger 4 Press the Qualifier softkey to set the time duration qualifier for the pattern The time qualifier can set the oscilloscope to trigger on a channel pattern whose time duration is less than a time value greater than a time value gre...

Page 85: ... the greater than qualifier is selected the Entry knob sets the oscilloscope to trigger on a pattern duration greater than the time value displayed on the softkey When the within time range qualifier is selected the Entry knob sets the lower time range value When the out of time range qualifier is selected the Entry knob sets the upper time range value When Timeout qualifier is selected the Entry ...

Page 86: ...ircuit under test then set the SCLclock channel softkey to that channel As you press the SCL softkey or rotate the Entry knob on mixed signal oscilloscopes the SCL label for the source channel is automatically set and the channel you select is shown in the upper right corner of the display next to I2 C Adjust the trigger level for the selected analog channel by turning the Trigger Level knob For t...

Page 87: ...the trigger level or digital threshold is displayed in the upper right corner of the display Dataneeds to be stable duringthe whole highclock cycle or it will be interpreted as a start or stop condition data transitioning while the clock is high 4 Press the Trigger softkey to select one of the following I2 C trigger conditions Start Condition the oscilloscope triggers when SDA data transitions fro...

Page 88: ...t after the data byte This data byte does not need to occur directly after the control byte Frame Start Addr7 Read Ack Data or Frame Start Addr7 Write Ack Data the oscilloscope triggers on a read or write frame in 7 bit addressing mode on the 17th clock edge if all bits in the pattern match For triggering purposes a restart is treated as a start condition SDA SCL Read Ack Ack R W Data Trigger poin...

Page 89: ...to set the oscilloscope to trigger when data is equal to not equal to less than or greater than the data value set in the Data softkey The oscilloscope will trigger on the clock edge for the Ack bit after the trigger event is found This data byte does not need to occur directly after the control byte The oscilloscope will trigger on any data byte that meets the criteria defined by the Data is and ...

Page 90: ...cknowledge and data events occur If don t care is selected 0xXX or 0xXXX for the address the address will be ignored The trigger will always occur on the 17th clock for 7 bit addressing or 26th clock for 10 bit addressing b Press the Data value softkey and turn the Entry knob to select the 8 bit data pattern on which to trigger You can select a data value in the range of 0x00 to 0xFF hexadecimal T...

Page 91: ...ey in the Trigger section of the front panel rotate the Entry knob until LIN is displayed in the Trigger softkey then press the Settings softkey to display LIN trigger menu 2 Press the Baud softkey to set the LIN signal baud rate to match your LIN bus signal The LIN baud rate can be set to 2400 b s 9600 b s or 19 2 kb s The default baud rate is 2400 b s Sync Break Exit Sync Break Sync Field Identi...

Page 92: ... the actual LIN signle end bus signal line Rx the Receive signal from the LIN bus transceiver Tx the Transmit signal to the LIN bus transceiver 5 Press the Source softkey to select the channel connected to the LIN signal line As you press the Source softkey or rotate the Entry knob on mixed signal oscilloscopes the LIN label for the source channel is automatically set and the channel you select is...

Page 93: ...or the combination of a pattern and a channel edge b Define the trigger event The trigger on event can be a pattern an edge from a single channel the combination of a pattern and a channel edge or the nth occurrence of an edge from a single channel c Set an optional reset event If you choose to define a reset event the event can be a pattern an edge from a single channel the combination of a patte...

Page 94: ... the Settings softkey to display Sequence trigger menu As you set stage term and channel definitions for the sequence trigger these settings will be shown in the waveform area of the display Channel select Stage select Find Trigger on or Reset condition Define term Trigger level or threshold Sequence trigger Return to previous menu Select term Selected channel Sequence stage definitions Term defin...

Page 95: ... the Entry knob on mixed signal oscilloscopes to select the channel As you select a channel the channel is highlighted in the selected pattern list shown in the waveform area and is also shown in the upper right corner of the display next to Seq b Press the L H X softkey to set a level for the channel H sets the pattern to high on the selected channel A high is a voltage level that is greater than...

Page 96: ...igger sequence When you select the Stage Trigger on softkey the next softkey to the right will display Trigger and give you a list of the terms you can define for the Trigger on stage The Trigger on stage can be set to one of the following conditions Pattern 2 Entered A pattern is entered on the last edge that makes the pattern true logical AND Pattern 2 Exited A pattern is exited on the first edg...

Page 97: ...t N c Press the N softkey then turn the Entry knob to set the number of edges to wait before triggering If the Find event occurs again before the Count N event is satisfied Count N will be reset to zero N can be set from 1 to 10 000 Define the optional Reset on stage 1 Press the Stage softkey and select Reset on Reset on is the last stage in the trigger sequence When you select the Stage Reset on ...

Page 98: ...are X a Press the Channel softkey or rotate the Entry knob on mixed signal oscilloscopes to select the channel b Then press the X softkey to select rising edge or falling edge All other channel edges will be defaulted to don t care 7 If you select the Timeout term you will need to set a timeout value a Press the Term softkey and select Timeout b Press the Timeout softkey then turn the Entry knob t...

Page 99: ...nal clock slope number of data bits and data bit values Press the Signals softkey in the Settings menu to see the current source channels for the clock data and frame signals Press the More key in the Trigger section of the front panel rotate the Entry knob until SPI is displayed in the Trigger softkey then press the Settings softkey to display the SPI trigger menu Assign channels data bits in str...

Page 100: ...knob to select a specific data bit in the serial string as shown in the Bit softkey As you rotate the Entry knob the bit is highlighted in the Data string shown in the waveform area 3 Press the L H X softkey to set the bit selected in the Bit softkey to L low H high or X don t care Repeat steps 2 and 3 to assign values for all bits Resetting all bits in the serial data string to one value To reset...

Page 101: ...u press the Clock softkey or rotate the Entry knob on mixed signal oscilloscopes the CLK label for the source channel is automatically set and the channel you select is shown in the upper right corner of the display next to SPI Adjust the trigger level for the selected analog channel by turning the Trigger Level knob Select Threshold in the D7 Thru D0 or D15 Thru D8 menu to set the level for digit...

Page 102: ...is automatically set As you press the Data softkey or rotate the Entry knob on mixed signal oscilloscopes the DATA label for the source channel is automatically set and the channel you select is shown in the upper right corner of the display next to SPI Adjust the trigger level for the selected analog channel by turning the Trigger Level knob Select Threshold in the D7 Thru D0 or D15 Thru D8 menu ...

Page 103: ...arch for the Data pattern on which to trigger When you press the Frame by softkey the graphic shown on the previous page changes to show timeout selection or the current state of the chip select signal The Timeout value can be set anywhere from 500 ns to 10 s Chip Select Press the CS or CS softkey or turn the Entry knob to select the channel that is connected to the SPI frame line The label CS or ...

Page 104: ...on any selected line of the video signal 1 Press the More key in the Trigger section of the front panel rotate the Entry knob until TV is displayed in the Trigger softkey then press the Settings softkey to display TV trigger menu 2 Press the Source softkey and select any analog channel as the TV trigger source The selected trigger source is displayed in the upper right corner of the display Turnin...

Page 105: ...ld 1 or field 2 All Fields trigger on the rising edge of the first serration pulse of both field 1 and field 2 not available in Generic mode All Lines trigger on the first line found Line Field1 and Line Field2 trigger on the selected line in field 1 or field 2 Line Alternate alternately trigger on the selected line in field 1 and field 2 not available in Generic mode Vertical trigger on the risin...

Page 106: ...ing the Generic standard press the Count softkey then rotate the Entry knob to select the desired count number Listed below are the line or count numbers per field for each TV standard Line or count for Generic numbers per field for each TV standard TV standard Field 1 Field 2 Alt Field NTSC 1 to 263 1 to 262 1 to 262 PAL 1 to 313 314 to 625 1 to 312 PAL M 1 to 263 264 to 525 1 to 262 SECAM 1 to 3...

Page 107: ...ypically in line 21 1 Press the Trigger More key then press the TV softkey 2 Press the Settings softkey then press the Standard softkey to select the appropriate TV standard 3 Press the Mode softkey and select the TV field of the line you want to trigger on You can choose Line Field1 Line Field2 or Line Alternate 4 Press the Line softkey and select the number of the line you want to examine When u...

Page 108: ...l Line Number Represents Count In Generic mode the line number represents the number of a count instead of a real line number This is reflected in the label in the softkey changing from Line to Count Inthe Mode softkeyselections Line Field1 Line Field2and Count Verticalareused to indicate where the counting starts For an interlaced TV system the counting startsfromtherisingedge ofthefirstvertical ...

Page 109: ...ulses When All Lines is selected as the TV trigger mode the oscilloscope will trigger on the first line that it finds when the acquisition starts 1 Press the Trigger More key then press the TV softkey 2 Press the Settings softkey then press the Standard softkey to select the appropriate TV standard 3 Press the Mode softkey and select All Lines Triggering on All Lines ...

Page 110: ... a specific field is selected the oscilloscope triggers on the rising edge of the first serration pulse in the vertical sync interval in the specified field 1 or 2 1 Press the Trigger More key then press the TV softkey 2 Press the Settings softkey then press the Standard softkey to select the appropriate TV standard 3 Press the Mode softkey and select Field1 or Field2 Triggering on Field 1 ...

Page 111: ...de differences between the fields use the All Fields trigger mode The oscilloscope will trigger on the first field it finds at the start of acquisition 1 Press the Trigger More key then press the TV softkey 2 Press the Settings softkey then press the Standard softkey to select the appropriate TV standard 3 Press the Mode softkey and select All Fields Triggering on All Fields ...

Page 112: ...dard softkey to select the appropriate TV standard 3 Press the Mode softkey and select Field1 or Field2 Thetriggercircuitslook for the position ofthe startofVertical Synctodetermine the field But this definition of field does not take into consideration the phase of the reference subcarrier When Field 1 is selected the trigger system will find any field where the vertical sync starts on Line 4 In ...

Page 113: ... Using the holdoff settings shown in the following table the oscilloscope will now trigger on color field 1 OR color field 3 when Field 1 is selected This is known as odd field selection Even fields will be selected with Field 2 Holdoff Settings Triggering on Color Field 1 using Holdoff single shot Video Standard Fields Picture Holdoff Range NTSC 4 33 5 ms to 50 0 ms PAL 8 80 7 ms to 120 ms SECAM ...

Page 114: ...ection of the front panel rotate the Entry knob until USB is displayed in the Trigger softkey then press the Settings softkey to display USB trigger menu 2 Press the Speed softkey to select the speed of the transaction being probed You may select Low Speed 1 5 Mb s or Full Speed 12 Mb s D D Bus Idle SOP SE0 portion of EOP End of packet trigger Signal speed D source channel D source channel Trigger...

Page 115: ...ning the Trigger Level knob Select Threshold in the D7 Thru D0 or D15 Thru D8 menu to set the level for digital channels The value of the trigger level or digital threshold is displayed in the upper right corner of the display 4 Press the Trigger softkey to select where the USB trigger will occur SOP Start of Packet triggers at the Sync bit at the beginning of the packet EOP End of Packet triggers...

Page 116: ... Trig Out is a 0 to 5 V signal designed to drive a 50Ω load The rising edge of the pulse is the trigger point and is delayed 55 ns for 54620 series and 22 ns for 54640 series from the oscilloscope trigger point The Trigger Out connector also provides the user calibrator signal on the 54640 series oscilloscopes when performing a UserCal from the Utility Service menu For more information on User Cal...

Page 117: ...4 MegaZoom Concepts and Oscilloscope Operation ...

Page 118: ...scope concepts that will help you make better measurements It discusses the relationship between the time base setting and other time dependent oscilloscope functions explains how to achieve the most accurate signal fidelity through good probing practices and describes how glitch detection works ...

Page 119: ...ough the data and poor signal update rate MegaZoom technology incorporates a multi processor architecture in the signal data path between the oscilloscope probe and the oscilloscope display This yields an instrument that responds instantly to pan and zoom controls while exploring the acquired data MegaZoom technology combines update rate instant control response and deep memory innovations to allo...

Page 120: ... such that you can see the entire time frame of interest To see the event the oscilloscope must have captured the information at a fast enough sample rate so that you can see the interesting details Thus there are two major benefits of deep memory First long time spans can be captured and then zoomed in on for detailed analysis Second the deep memory is displayed to the high definition display wit...

Page 121: ...the effect of that change take place MegaZoom Technology In MegaZoom technology the primary task of processing acquisition memory into oscilloscope waveforms using proprietary display techniques is distributed to waveform acquisition and rendering hardware The processor s primary responsibility is to scan the keyboard and manage I O ports Because the dedicated waveform translator can draw waveform...

Page 122: ... users often assume that their scope is capturing the entire waveform and that the update rate is perfect when the oscilloscope display is actually missing some events If we could eliminate this dead time their assumption would be correct MegaZoom technology maintains high update rate by using parallel processing and memory segmentation The MegaZoom oscilloscope flows samples into one area of acqu...

Page 123: ...ted Channel coupling Input impedance 54640 series Invert channel Probe menu Trigger level or threshold Trigger source Channel Volts div Channel vernier Channel 2 ground level Channel 1 ground level Bandwidth limit Turning channels off If more than one channel is turned on channel keys are illuminated you must be viewing the menu for a channel before you can turn it off For example if channel 1 and...

Page 124: ...on knob to move the channel waveform up or down on the display The voltage value momentarily displayed in the upper right portion of the display represents the voltage difference between the center graticule and the ground level icon It also represents the voltage at the center graticule 2 Press the Coupling softkey to select the input channel coupling Coupling changes the channel s input coupling...

Page 125: ...z for 54640 series For waveforms with frequencies below this turning bandwidth limit on removes unwanted high frequency noise from the waveform Bandwidth limit also limits the trigger signal path if the channel you are configuring is the trigger source When BW Limit is selected BW is illuminated on the front panel next to the channel position knob 5 Press the Vernier softkey to turn on vernier for...

Page 126: ... The probe correction factor must be set properly for measurements to be made correctly Probe Units Press the Units softkey to select the proper measurement unit for the connected probe Select Volts for a voltage probe and select Amps for a current probe Channel sensitivity trigger level measurement results and math functions will reflect the measurement units you have selected Skew 54640 series o...

Page 127: ... 3 Turn the large knob time division in the Horizontal section and notice the change it makes to the status line When the oscilloscope is running in Main mode use the large Horizontal knob to change sweep speed and use the small knob to set the delay time When the oscilloscope is stopped use these knobs to pan and zoom your waveform The time division knob changes the sweep speed from 5 ns to 50 s ...

Page 128: ...ays the time reference indicator Turning the Horizontal sweep speed knob will expand or contract the waveform about the time reference point Turning the Horizontal delay time knob in Main mode will move the trigger point indicator to the left or right of the time reference point The time reference position sets the initial position of the trigger event within acquisition memory and on the display ...

Page 129: ...how far the time reference point is located from the trigger point When delay time is set to zero the delay time indicator overlays the time reference indicator All events displayed left of the trigger point happened before the trigger occurred and these events are called pre trigger information You will find this feature very useful because you can now see the events that led up to the trigger po...

Page 130: ...isplay that is expanded is intensified and marked on each end with a vertical marker These markers show what portion of the main sweep is expanded in the lower half The Horizontal knobs control the size and position of the delayed sweep The delay value is momentarily displayed in the upper right portion of the display when the delay time knob is turned Time div for main sweep Time div for delayed ...

Page 131: ...erence position The time reference setting affects the delayed sweep as described in the following ways When the horizontal mode is set to Main the delay positions the main sweep relative to the trigger This delay is a fixed number Changing this delay value does not affect the sweep speed When the horizontal mode is set to Delayed the delay controls the position of the delayed sweep window inside ...

Page 132: ...t of the reference point Since there is no trigger no pre trigger information is available If you would like to clear the display and restart an acquisition in Roll mode press the Single key Use Roll mode on low frequency waveforms to yield a display much like a strip chart recorder It allows the waveform to roll across the display XY mode XY mode changes the display from a volts versus time displ...

Page 133: ...he frequency of occurrence of waveform portions are mapped into various brightness levels The INTENSITY knob allows you to adjust the plotted waveforms to account for various signal characteristics such as fast sweep speeds and low trigger rates Even the least frequent events are drawn at a dim but visible level Turning the knob fully clockwise will make even the most infrequent waveform bright an...

Page 134: ... at sweep speeds of 1 ms div and slower At faster sweep speeds Normal acquire mode can capture the narrow peaks At sweep speeds slower than 1 ms div the oscilloscope can acquire more samples than can fit into MegaZoom memory The oscilloscope selects samples to store such that no local minimum or maximum wider than 5 ns is missed In peak detect mode narrow glitches and sharp edges are displayed mor...

Page 135: ...rages you set the more noise reduction and resolution enhancement will be accomplished High resolution mode Avgs 1 HIgh resolution mode is an oversampling technique used when the digitizer sampling rate is faster than the rate at which samples are being stored into acquisition memory For example if the oscilloscope is sampling at 200 MSa s yet storing the samples at 1 MSa s it needs to store only ...

Page 136: ...m If not it is possible for the reconstructed waveform to be distorted or aliased Aliasing is most commonly seen as jitter on fast edges When Realtime mode is off the oscilloscope produces the waveform display from samples collected from multiple triggers when on fast sweep speeds In this case the reconstruction filter is not used When the trigger is stable this produces the highest fidelity wavef...

Page 137: ...e display will again accumulate points until ClearDisplay is pressed or infinite persistence is turned off More information on infinite persistence applications is given in the Run Stop Single Infinite Persistence Clear Operation topic later in this chapter Clear display ClearDisplayerases the display of all previous acquisitions and erases any traces recalled from the oscilloscope internal memory...

Page 138: ... off to prevent misconnections at fast sweep speeds 200 ns div for 54620 series and 50 ns div for 54640 series when viewing changing waveforms such as eye diagrams Consider using Realtime acquire mode for these signals also Turn vectors off to remove any interpolation artifacts of Single or Realtime acquire modes Vectors off mode displays only actual A D samples You can turn vectors on and off or ...

Page 139: ... further by including the ability to further examine the signal details after acquiring them by panning and zooming through the waveform There is no limit imposed on the zoom ratio between the sweep speed used to acquire the data and the sweep speed used to view the data There is however a useful limit This useful limit is somewhat a function of the signal you are analyzing In normal display mode ...

Page 140: ...y is illuminated red when the oscilloscope is stopped 2 Turn the sweep speed knob to zoom horizontally and turn the volts division knob to zoom vertically The symbol at the top of the display indicates the time reference point where the zoom in zoom out is referenced 3 Turn the Delay time knob to pan horizontally and turn the channel position knob to pan vertically ...

Page 141: ... above the threshold the oscilloscope stores a 1 in sample memory otherwise it stores a 0 To control the acquisition process you can do the following Perform continuous acquisitions by pressing Run Stop key is illuminated green and stop the acquisitions by pressing Run Stop again key is illuminated red Take exactly one acquisition then stop by pressing the Single key Store the results of several a...

Page 142: ...ry is available when using Single at slow sweep speeds the oscilloscope will have a greater sample rate When the oscilloscope is running pressing Run Stop key is illuminated red when stopped the oscilloscope stops and several triggers of information could be displayed on the screen This will happen in several cases At very fast sweep speeds 2 µs div and faster you might see less than a full screen...

Page 143: ... memory is filled with each acquisition regardless of sweep speed To acquire data with the longest possible record length press the Single key Running When running versus taking a single acquisition the memory is divided in half This allows the acquisition system to acquire one record while processing the previous acquisition dramatically improving the number of waveforms per second processed by t...

Page 144: ...he buffers are not full that is no triggers occurred the waveform display area will show nothing To take a single trace Press the Single key The Single key will illuminate The oscilloscope starts the acquisition system and begins searching for the trigger condition When the oscilloscope is in infinite persistence display mode see To use Infinite Persistence topic pressing Single erases the results...

Page 145: ...ey Pressing the Single key arms the trigger circuit and the Single key will be illuminated When the trigger conditions are met data appears on the display representing the data points that the oscilloscope obtained with one acquisition and the Run Stop key will be illuminated red Pressing the Single key again re arms the trigger circuit and erases the display Operating Hints When Trigger Mode is s...

Page 146: ...at occur infrequently To use infinite persistence to store multiple repetitive events 1 Connect a signal to the oscilloscope 2 Press the Display key then press Persist to turn on infinite persistence The display will begin accumulating multiple acquisitions Previous acquisitions will be displayed in minimum intensity 3 Press the Clear Display softkey to erase previous acquisitions The oscilloscope...

Page 147: ...scilloscope finds a trigger condition the display will be quickly updated after the erasure Summary of oscilloscope Run Control and infinite persistence keys Run Stop illuminated green acquires data and displays the most recent trace Run Stop illuminated red freezes the display Single acquires a single trace Persist infinite persistence acquires data displaying the most recent trace in full bright...

Page 148: ...igital channels Autoscale quickly configures and displays the digital channels To configure the instrument quickly press the Autoscale key Any digital channel with an active signal will be displayed Any digital channels without active signals will be turned off To undo the effects of Autoscale press the UndoAutoscale softkey before pressing any other key To set the instrument to the factory defaul...

Page 149: ...tivity indicator is displayed in the status line at the top of the display A digital channel can be always high always low or actively toggling logic states Any channel that is turned off will be grayed out in the activity indicator Threshold level Channel on off Turn all channels on off Waveform size Digital threshold User defined threshold Sweep speed div Delay time Trigger type and source Trigg...

Page 150: ...ct knob the selected channel number is highlighted on the left side of the display 3 Turn the Digital position knob to reposition the selected channel on the display If two or more channels are displayed at the same vertical position the channel number will be shown as D on the left side of the display When you use the Channel Select knob to select this channel a pop up will appear showing the lis...

Page 151: ...o select a digital channel to turn on or off If the User threshold softkey was previously selected make sure you press the digital channel on off softkey to assign it to the Entry knob 3 After you have selected the channel press the channel on off key to turn the channel on or off When the channel is on the box in the channel on off softkey is filled when channel is off the box is not filled List ...

Page 152: ... Press the D15 Thru D8 key or D7 Thru D0 key 2 Press the size softkey to select how the digital channels are displayed The sizing control allows you to spread out or compress the digital traces vertically on the display for more convenient viewing Setting the size in either digital channel menu determines the size for all displayed digital channels Select to display 8 channels or to display 16 cha...

Page 153: ... threshold you set applies to all channels within the selected D15 Thru D8 or D7 Thru D0 group Each of the two channel groups can be set to a different threshold if desired Values greater than the set threshold are high H and values less than the set threshold are low L 3 When the Threshold softkey is set to User press the User softkey then turn the Entry knob to set the logic threshold voltage fo...

Page 154: ... usually provide some attenuation of the signal to the oscilloscope typically 20 dB Passive probe input impedance is generally specified in terms of a parallel capacitance and resistance The resistance is the sum of the tip resistor value and the input resistance of the test instrument see the following figure The capacitance is the series combination of the tip compensating capacitor and the cabl...

Page 155: ...nerally small 1 pF sets the final break point on the impedance chart Impedance versus Frequency for Both Probe Circuit Models The logic probes are represented by the high frequency circuit model shown above They are designed to provide as much series tip resistance as possible Stray tip capacitance to ground is minimized by the proper mechanical design of the probe tip assembly This provides the m...

Page 156: ...he transition time dt will all result in increasing the voltage V When this voltage exceeds the threshold voltage defined in the oscilloscope a false data measurement will occur Sharing one probe ground with many probes forces all the current that flows into each probe to return through the same common ground inductance of the probe whose ground return is used The result is increased current di in...

Page 157: ...tal channel group D15 D8 and D7 D0 should be attached to the ground of the circuit under test if any channel within the group is being used for data capture When capturing data in a noisy environment every third digital channel probe s ground should be used in addition to the channel group s ground High speed timing measurements rise time 3 ns should make use of each digital channel probe s own gr...

Page 158: ...42 Using Labels on the Mixed Signal Oscilloscope The Mixed Signal Oscilloscopes allow you to define and assign labels to each input channel or you can turn labels off to increase the waveform display area ...

Page 159: ...nnels When the Label key is illuminated the labels for displayed channels are displayed on the left side of the displayed traces When labels are on the label is also displayed in softkeys for the selected channel or source The figure below shows an example of the default labels assigned when you turn the label display on The channel labels default to their channel number 2 To turn the labels off p...

Page 160: ...el assignment The figure above shows the list of channels and their default labels The channel does not have to be turned on to have a label assigned to it 3 Press the Library softkey then turn the Entry knob or successively press the Library softkey to select a predefined label from the library 4 Press the Save New Label softkey to assign the label to your selected channel 5 Repeat the above proc...

Page 161: ...cter in the label name by successively pressing the Enter softkey 5 To delete a character from the label press the Enter softkey until the letter you want to delete is highlighted then press the Delete Character softkey 6 When you are done entering characters for the label press the Save New Label softkey to assign the label to the selected channel When you define a new label it is added to the no...

Page 162: ...a new label called A12345 the new label is not added to the library When you save a new user defined label the new label will replace the oldest label in the list Oldest is defined as the longest time since the label was last assigned to a channel Any time you assign any label to a channel that label will move to the newest in the list Thus after you use the label list for a while your labels will...

Page 163: ...eleted these user defined labels cannot be recovered 2 Press the Default Library softkey This will delete all user defined labels from the library and set the labels in the library back to the factory default However this does not default the labels currently assigned to the channels those labels that appear in the waveform area Defaulting labels without erasing the default library Selecting Defau...

Page 164: ...ition the displayed waveform for later recall and comparison with other measurements The normal application for a recalled trace is quick comparison of measurement results For example you might make a measurement on a known good system save the result in internal trace memory or to floppydisk thenmakethesamemeasurement onatest systemand recall trace to see the differences Press the Save Recall key...

Page 165: ... disk The file name is shown in the line above the softkeys The nn number in the QFILE_nn file name will automatically increment starting at 00 each time you save a new file to floppy disk Up to 100 traces and setups can be saved on each floppy disk if space permits When viewed from the floppy disk menu front panel Utility key the trace file will have a TRC file extension and the setup file will h...

Page 166: ...RN_n n is 0 1 or 2 for 54620 series and 0 1 2 or 3 for 54640 series file names are stored in internal non volatile oscilloscope memory QFILE_nn and any other user defined files are stored on the floppy disk Each time you select an internal memory or existing floppy disk file and save the existing file will be overwritten 3 When you have selected the file name to be overwritten press the Press to S...

Page 167: ...file name line above the softkeys and in the Spell softkey 3 Press the Enter softkey to enter the selected character and go to the next character position You may position the highlight on any character in the file name by successively pressing the Enter softkey 4 To delete a character from the file name press the Enter softkey until the letter you want to delete ishighlighted then press the Delet...

Page 168: ...u want to measure the recalled trace with cursors 4 Select the file name to recall by turning the Entry knob while viewing the From softkey INTERN_n are internal non volatile oscilloscope memory files All other files in the list are stored on the floppy disk 5 Recall the selected file by pressing the Press to Recall softkey The recalled trace will be displayed in minimum intensity 6 To clear the d...

Page 169: ...e the printer in the Utility Print Confg menu then press the Quick Print key 3 Press the CSV TIF or BMP softkey You are linked to the Utility Print Confg menu The print configuration is automatically set to print to the floppy disk in the format you selected CSV data comma separated variable are values of displayed channels and math waveforms suitable for spreadsheet analysis You can also change t...

Page 170: ... a known operating condition The major default settings are Horizontal main mode 100 us div scale 0 s delay center time reference Vertical Channel 1 on 5 V div scale dc coupling 0 V position probe factor to 1 0 if an AutoProbe probe is not connected to the channel Trigger Edge trigger Auto sweep mode 0 V level channel 1 source dc coupling rising edge slope 60 ns holdoff time Display Vectors on 20 ...

Page 171: ...5 Making Measurements ...

Page 172: ...end you perform all of the following exercises so you become familiar with the powerful measurement capabilities of the oscilloscope Concepts about the 54620 40 series Oscilloscopes Conceptual information about the oscilloscopes is in the MegaZoom Concepts and Oscilloscope Operation chapter This chapter is organized into the following sections starting on these pages Capturing Data 5 3 Math Functi...

Page 173: ...cilloscope s delayed sweep is not a second acquisition but an expansion of the same data displayed in the main sweep MegaZoom technology makes this possible because of its deep memory It is possible to capture the main display at 1 ms div and redisplay the same trigger in the delayed display at 1 µs div a 1000 1 zoom ratio When you enable the delayed sweep view the oscilloscope divides the display...

Page 174: ... to the oscilloscope and obtain a stable display 2 Press the Main Delayed key 3 Press the Delayed softkey Delayed sweep display Time div for main sweep Time div for delayed sweep Delaytimemomentarily displayswhenthedelay time knob is turned Set trigger point time reference to left right or center Select main or delayed sweep Delayed sweep window Main sweep window These markers define the beginning...

Page 175: ...rea of the main display that is expanded is intensified and marked on each end with a vertical marker These markers show what portion of the main sweep is expanded in the lower half The Horizontal knobs control the size and position of the delayed sweep The delay value is momentarily displayed in the upper right portion of the display when the delay time knob is turned To change the sweep speed fo...

Page 176: ... the noise from the trigger path Second you reduce the noise on the displayed waveform 1 Connect a signal to the oscilloscope and obtain a stable display 2 Remove the noise from the trigger path by turning on either high frequency reject or noise reject High frequency reject HF reject adds a low pass filter with the 3 dB point at 50 kHz You use HF reject to remove high frequency noise such as AM o...

Page 177: ...as power line noise from the trigger path LF Reject Noise reject increases the trigger hysteresis band By increasing the trigger hysteresis band you reduce the possibility of triggering on noise However this also decreases the trigger sensitivity so that a slightly larger signal is required to trigger the oscilloscope Random noise on the displayed waveform 3 dB down point Pass Band 0 dB 50 kHz dc ...

Page 178: ...s that best eliminates the noise from the displayed waveform The number of averages can be set from 1 to 16383 in increments of powers of 2 The higher the number of averages you set the more noise reduction and resolution that will be accomplished When the number of averages is higher more noise is removed from the display However the higher the number of averages the slower the displayed waveform...

Page 179: ...d 2 For example if the scope is sampling at 200 MSa s yet storing the samples at 1 MSa s it needs to store only 1 out of every 200 samples When high resolution mode is used the slower the sweep speed the greater the number of samples that are averaged together for each display point This tends to reduce random noise on the input signal which produces a smoother trace on the screen If you cannot ac...

Page 180: ...s div the oscilloscope can acquire more samples than can fit into MegaZoom memory The oscilloscope selects samples to store such that no local minimum or maximum wider than 5 ns is missed In peak detect mode narrow glitches and sharp edges are displayed more brightly than when in Normal acquire mode making them easier to see 54640 series Peak detect acquire mode displays any signal pulse wider tha...

Page 181: ...accumulate again Use infinite persistence to measure noise and jitter to see the worst case extremes of varying waveforms to look for timing violations or to find infrequent events Press the Clear Display softkey to erase previously acquired points The display will again accumulate points until Clear Display is pressed or Persist is turned off 4 Characterize the glitch with delayed sweep To charac...

Page 182: ...efore the trigger are plotted to the left of the trigger point and signal events after the trigger plotted to the right of the trigger point In Roll mode there is no trigger The fixed reference point on the screen is the right edge of the screen and refers to the current moment in time Events that have occurred are scrolled to the left of the reference point Since there is no trigger no pretrigger...

Page 183: ...e phase difference between two signals of the same frequency with the Lissajous method 1 Connect a sine wave signal to channel 1 and a sine wave signal of the same frequency but out of phase to channel 2 2 Press the Autoscale key press the Main Delayed key then press the XY softkey 3 Center the signal on the display with the channel 1 and 2 position knobs Use the channel 1 and 2 volts div knobs an...

Page 184: ...isplay 4 Press the Cursors key 5 Set the Y2 cursor to the top of the signal and set Y1 to the bottom of the signal Note the Y value at the bottom of the display In this example we are using the Y cursors but you could have used the X cursors instead Cursors set on displayed signal ...

Page 185: ...splay Mode Operating Hint Z axis input on 54620 series only When you select the XY display mode the time base is turned off Channel 1 is the X axis input channel 2 is the Y axis input and the External triggeris the Z axis input If you only want to see portions of the Y versus X display use the Z axis input Z axis turns the trace on and off analog oscilloscopes called this Z axis blanking because i...

Page 186: ...5 16 Making Measurements To use the XY horizontal mode Signals are 90 out of phase Signals are in phase ...

Page 187: ...Math menu After selecting a math function press the Settings softkey to display settings for the selected math function if you want to change the Y scaling Math Operating Hints If the analog channel or math function is clipped not fully displayed on screen the resulting displayed math function will also be clipped Once the function is displayed the analog channel s may be turned off for better vie...

Page 188: ... offset value for your math function Math Scale and Offset are Set Automatically Any time the currently displayed math function definition is changed the function is automatically scaled for optimum vertical scale and offset If you manually set scale and offset for a function select a new function then select the original function the original function will be automatically rescaled Math function ...

Page 189: ...cale factors for multiply expressed as V2 div Volts squared division A2 div Amps squared division or W div Watts divisionorVolt Amps division Units are setinthechannelProbemenu Press the Scale softkey then turn the Entry knob to rescale 1 2 Offset allows you to set your own offset for the multiply math function The offset value is in V2 Volts squared A2 Amps squared or W Watts and is represented b...

Page 190: ... to change the scaling or offset for the subtract function Scale allows you to set your own vertical scale factors for subtract expressed as V div Volts division or A div Amps division Units are set in the channel Probe menu Press the Scale softkey then turn the Entry knob to rescale 1 2 Offset allows you to set your own offset for the 1 2 math function The offset valueisinVoltsorAmps andis repres...

Page 191: ...h key press the d dt softkey then press the Settings softkey if you want to change the source scaling or offset for the differentiate function Source selects the source for d dt The source can be any analog channel or math functions 1 2 1 2 and 1 2 Scale allows you to set your own vertical scale factors for d dt expressed in units second division where units can be V Volts A Amps or W Watts Units ...

Page 192: ...5 22 Making Measurements Differentiate The figure below shows an example of differentiate Differentiate Channel 1 d dt waveform d dt Scale Return to previous menu d dt Offset Source select ...

Page 193: ...y press the dt softkey then press the Settings softkey if you want to change the source scaling or offset for the integrate function Source selects the source for dt The source can be any analog channel or math functions 1 2 1 2 and 1 2 Scale allows you to set your own vertical scale factors for dt expressed in unit seconds division where units can be V Volts A Amps or W Watts Units are set in the...

Page 194: ...alculation is relative to the source signal s offset The following examples illustrate the effects of signal offset Integrate and Signal Offset Channel 1 dt waveform dtScale Return to previous menu dt Offset Source select Channel 1 dt waveform 0 V 0 V ...

Page 195: ...is set to Volts and channel impedance is set to 50Ω For the 54620 series if you want the result to be in dBm you must connect a 50Ω load 10100C or equivalent to the analog channel input and then perform the following conversion dBm dBV 13 01 FFT units will be displayed as dB for all other FFT sources or when a source channel s units has been set to Amps DC Value The FFT computation produces a DC v...

Page 196: ...to make sure that the frequency span is greater than the frequencies of significant energy present in the input signal Spectral Leakage The FFT operation assumes that the time record repeats Unless there is an integral number of cycles of the sampled waveform in the record a discontinuity is created at the end of the record This is referred to as leakage In order to minimize spectral leakage windo...

Page 197: ...he desired frequency span of the display Center sets the FFT spectrum frequency represented at the center graticule on the display It is possible to set the Center to values below half the span or above the maximum available frequency in which case the displayed spectrum will not take up the whole screen Press the Center softkey then turn the Entry knob to set the desired center frequency of the d...

Page 198: ... will be no leakage effects Use on self windowing waveforms such as pseudo random noise impulses sine bursts and decaying sinusoids 3 To make cursors measurements press the Cursors key and set the Source softkey to Math Use the X1 and X2 cursors to measure frequency values and difference between two frequency values X Use the Y1 and Y2 cursors to measure amplitude in dB and difference in amplitude...

Page 199: ...o 28 0 dB Center frequency to 5 00 kHz frequency Span to 10 0 kHz and window to Hanning FFT measurements FFT Measurement Hints It is easiest to view FFTs with Vectors set to On The Vector display mode is set in the Display menu The number of points acquired for the FFT record 2048 and when frequency span is at maximum all points are displayed Once the FFT spectrum is displayed the frequency span a...

Page 200: ...ve sampling rate a 1 MHz AM signal can be resolved to 2 kHz Increasing the effective sampling rate to 4 MSa s increases the resolution to 5 kHz for a set 2048 point FFT For the best vertical accuracy on peak measurements Make sure the probe attenuation is set correctly The probe attenuation is set from the Channel menu if the operand is a channel Set the source sensitivity so that the input signal...

Page 201: ...ved turning the Entry knob When you press the Cursors key it will illuminate and the cursors will turn on To turn cursors off press this key again until it is not illuminated or press the Quick Meas key Cursors are not always limited to the visible display If you set a cursor then pan and zoom the waveform until the cursor is off screen its value will not be changed and if you pan the waveform bac...

Page 202: ...ursors modes are Normal X 1 X and Y values are displayed X is the difference between the X1 and X2 cursors and Y is the difference between the Y1 and Y2 cursors Binary Binary logic levels are displayed directly above the softkeys for the current X1 and X2 cursor positions for all displayed channels Hex Hexadecimal logic levels are displayed directly above the softkeys for the current X1 and X2 cur...

Page 203: ... function X1 and X2 The X1 cursor short dashed vertical line and X2 cursor long dashed vertical line adjust horizontally and indicate time relative to the trigger point for all sources except math FFT frequency is indicated In XY horizontal mode the X cursors display channel 1 values Volts or Amps The cursor values for the selected waveform source are displayed within the X1 and X2 softkeys The di...

Page 204: ...he same since the cursors adjust together You can adjust the X cursors together to check for pulse width variations in a pulse train Y1 Y2 Press this softkey to adjust the Y1 and Y2 cursors together by turning the Entry knob The Y value will remain the same since the cursors adjust together Cursor Examples Cursors measure pulse widths other than middle threshold points ...

Page 205: ...ing Measurements To make cursor measurements Cursors measure frequency of pulse ringing Expand the display with delayed sweep then characterize the event of interest with the cursors Cursors track delayed sweep ...

Page 206: ...on one side of a pulse and the X2 cursor on the other side of the pulse Measuring pulse width with cursors Press the X1 X2 softkey and move the cursors together to check for pulse width variations in a pulse train Moving the cursors together to check pulse width variations ...

Page 207: ... menu Time Measurements Counter Duty Cycle Frequency Period Rise Time Fall Time Width Width X at Max X at Min Phase and Delay Phase Delay Voltage Measurements Average Amplitude Base Maximum Minimum Peak to Peak RMS Top Preshoot and Overshoot Preshoot Overshoot Measurement on analog channels only ...

Page 208: ... source channel for a measurement the measurement will default to the nearest in the list that makes the source valid If a portion of the waveform required for a measurement is not displayed or does not display enough resolution to make the measurement the result will display No Edges Clipped Low Signal value or value or a similar message to indicate that the measurement may not be reliable 3 Pres...

Page 209: ...s set in the channel probe menu Changing default thresholds may change measurement results The default lower middle and upper threshold values are 10 50 and 90 of the value between Top and Base Changing these threshold definitions from the the default values may change the returned measurement results for Average Delay Duty Cycle Fall Time Frequency Overshoot Period Phase Preshoot Rise Time RMS Wi...

Page 210: ...oftkey then turn the Entry knob to set the middle measurement threshold value The middle value is bounded by the values set for lower and upper thresholds The default middle threshold is 50 or 1 20 V If threshold Type is set to the middle threshold value can be set from 6 to 94 6 Press the Upper softkey then turn the Entry knob to set the upper measurement threshold value Decreasing the upper valu...

Page 211: ...he cursors to make other measurements on FFT Measurement thresholds for time measurements The default lower middle and upper measurement thresholds are 10 50 and 100 between Top and Base values See the previous topic Setting measurement thresholds for other percentage threshold and absolute value threshold settings Period Fall Time Rise Time Width Width Upper Middle Lower Thresholds Digital channe...

Page 212: ...point Frequency Frequency is defined as 1 Period Period is defined as the time between the middle threshold crossings of two consecutive like polarity edges A middle thresholdcrossing must alsotravelthroughthelowerandupperthreshold levels which eliminates runt pulses The X cursors show what portion of the waveform is being measured The Y cursor shows the middle threshold point Period Period is the...

Page 213: ...n the display The Y cursors show the lower and upper threshold points Width Width is the time from the middle threshold of the rising edge to the middle thresholdofthe nextfalling edge TheXcursorsshowthepulsebeing measured The Y cursor shows the middle threshold point Width Width is the time from the middle threshold of the falling edge to the middle threshold of the next rising edge The X cursors...

Page 214: ...um may vary throughout the waveform The X cursor shows where the current X at Min value is being measured Isolating an event for frequency measurement The following figure shows how to use delayed sweep to isolate an event for a frequency measurement If the measurement is not possible in the delayed time base mode then the main time base is used If the waveform is clipped it may not be possible to...

Page 215: ...source 2 Press the Settings softkey to select the source channels and slope for the delay measurement The default Delay settings measure from the rising edge of channel 1 to the rising edge of channel 2 The example below shows a delay measurement between the rising edge of channel 1 and the falling edge of channel 2 Delay Measurement Digital channel measurements Automatic measurements Phase and De...

Page 216: ...dge of source 2 Press the Settings softkey to select the source channels for the phase measurement Press the Settings softkey to select the source 1 and source 2 channels for the phase measurement The default Phase settings measure from channel 1 to channel 2 The example below shows a phase measurement between the channel 1 and the math d dt function on channel 1 Phase Measurement Phase Delay Sour...

Page 217: ...function See Making time measurements automatically for the FFT X at Max and X at Min measurement Use the cursors to make other measurements on FFT All voltage measurements may be made on other math functions The resultant units are FFT 1 2 1 2 d dt dt dB decibels V2 A2 or W Volt Amp V Volts or A Amps V s or A s V second A second Vs or As V seconds or A seconds When the FFT source is channel 1 or ...

Page 218: ...mode most common value of the lower part of the waveform or if the mode is not well defined the base is the same as Minimum The Y cursor shows the value being measured Maximum Maximum is the highest value in the waveform display The Y cursor shows the value being measured Minimum Minimum is the lowest value in the waveform display The Y cursor shows the value being measured Peak Peak The peak to p...

Page 219: ...being measured Top The Top of a waveform is the mode most common value of the upper part of the waveform or ifthe mode is not well defined the top is the same as Maximum The Y cursor shows the value being measured Using delayed sweep to isolate a pulse for Top measurement The following figure shows how to use delayed sweep to isolate a pulse for a Top measurement Isolating area for Top measurement...

Page 220: ...being measured edge closest to the trigger reference point Digital channel time measurements Automatic measurements Preshoot and Overshoot are not valid measurements for the math FFT function or for digital channels on the mixed signal oscilloscope Rising edge preshoot Base local Minimum Amplitude X 100 Falling edge preshoot local Maximum Top Amplitude X 100 local Maximum local Minimum Preshoot Pr...

Page 221: ...ion expressed as a percentage of Amplitude The X cursors show which edge is being measured edge closest to the trigger reference point Automatic Overshoot measurement Rising edge overshoot local Maximum Top Amplitude X 100 Falling edge overshoot Base local Minimum Amplitude X 100 local Maximum Overshoot Overshoot local Minimum Top Base ...

Page 222: ...5 52 Making Measurements Making overshoot and preshoot measurements ...

Page 223: ...6 Utilities ...

Page 224: ...et up the oscilloscope printer interface load and delete floppy disk files set up the oscilloscope I O ports for controller operation set up the real time clock to set up the screen saver perform service functions such as User Cal and Self Test Press the Utility key to display the Utility menu ...

Page 225: ...se to display Quick Help in any of 11 languages 1 Press the Utility key then press the Language softkey to display the Language menu 2 Press the Language softkey until the desired language in the list is selected Current language Return to previous menu Load new language file Version information ...

Page 226: ...ress the Language softkey to display the Language menu 3 Press the Load Languages softkey to load the updated language file into the oscilloscope The message Loading Language file Please Wait will be displayed as the new language file is being loaded into the oscilloscope 4 Press the Language softkey and select the language to be viewed Language Info softkey Press the Language Info softkey to show...

Page 227: ...w for the 54620 series or www agilent com find 5464xsw for the 54640 series or call an Agilent center and request the latest application software disk for your instrument Always update your localized Quick Help file to match the latest instrument application software If you update your application software always update your Quick Help localized languagesto thelatestversionbydownloadingthelanguage...

Page 228: ...e a new file to floppy disk Up to 100 files can be saved on each floppy disk if space permits 3 Press the Format softkey to select the print format If the printer interface is set to Parallel you can select your printer format to be DeskJet LaserJet Epson or Seiko DPU 414 portable The portable Seiko DPU 414 printer kit is available by ordering Agilent model N2727A The kit is a printer mounted in a...

Page 229: ...acquisition math and display settings Gray scale printing When the Gray Scale softkey is selected the gray scale all levels of display intensities traces on the oscilloscope display are printed if the Format softkey has been set to LaserJet or DeskJet printer Gray scale information is always sent when you print to a TIF or BMP image file on the floppy disk If gray scale is turned off the gray scal...

Page 230: ...ser defined setup or trace files that were created using the Save Recall key on the front panel of the oscilloscope Localized language pack files LANGPACK JZP System software files BIN and JZP Files that cannot be loaded into the oscilloscope Any PRINT_nn xxx printer file Any other file not created by the oscilloscope 3 To delete a file from the floppy disk press the Delete File softkey Floppy dis...

Page 231: ...an be set to XON XON transmit on XOFF transmit off a software handshake or DTR data terminal ready a hardware handshake The default handshake is DTR 3 Press the Baud softkey to set the RS 232 baud rate The RS 232 baud rate can be set to 9600 19200 38400 or 57600 The default baud rate is 9600 4 If you have the optional N2757A GPIB Interface Module connected to the oscilloscope turn the Entry knob t...

Page 232: ...shows the pin out of the recommended Agilent 34398A RS 232 cable Pin out of Agilent 34398A RS 232 cable Pin Number Signal 1 Data Carrier Detect 2 Receive Data 3 Transmit Data 4 Data Terminal Ready 5 Signal Ground 6 Data Set Ready 7 Request to Send 8 Clear to Send 9 Ring SHELL Protective Ground D FGU 5 7 75 1 65 576 76 5 5 7 75 1 65 576 76 5 PC Controller Agilent 34398A Cable Oscilloscope 9 pin mal...

Page 233: ...te and time 1 Press the Utility key press the Options softkey then press the Clock softkey to display the Clock menu 2 Press the Year Month Day Hour 24 hour format or Minute softkey and rotate the Entry knob to set to the desired number The real time clock only allows selection of valid dates If a day is selected and the month or year is changed so the day is now invalid the day is automatically a...

Page 234: ...ion shown in the Text line above the softkeys a You may position the highlight on any character in the text string by successively pressing the Enter key b Press the Spell softkey then turn the Entry knob to choose from a list of characters to enter in your user defined text string c Press the Enter softkey to advance to the next character in the text string Pressing Enter saves the character show...

Page 235: ...s is displayed in the Svr Time softkey The default time is 360 minutes 6 hours The screen saver starts automatically if your oscilloscope is idle for the number of minutes specified in the Svr Time softkey 4 Press the Preview softkey to preview the screen saver you have selected with the Saver softkey 5 To view the normal display after the screen saver has started press any key or turn any knob ...

Page 236: ...t and trigger parameters Disconnect all inputs and allow the oscilloscope to warm up before performing this procedure 54640 only before pressing Start User Cal connect the rear panel Trig Out output to analog Channel 1 and Channel 2 inputs using a BNC tee adapter and equal length cables User Cal should be performed at least once a year any time the ambient temperature of the oscilloscope has chang...

Page 237: ... It is recommended you run Self Test after experiencing abnormal operation for additional information to better describe an oscilloscope failure to verify proper operation after the oscilloscope has been repaired Successfully passing Self Test does not guarantee 100 of the oscilloscope s functionality Self Test is designed to provide an 80 confidence level that the oscilloscope is operating proper...

Page 238: ...ntified by the position of the ground level icon at the far left side of the display If the ground level is off screen the waveform will expand about the top or bottom edge of the screen based on where the ground is off screen Expand About Center the displayed waveform will expand about the center graticule on the display Default Library softkey mixed signal oscilloscopes only Press the Default Li...

Page 239: ...7 Performance Characteristics ...

Page 240: ...is chapter lists the performance characteristics for the Agilent 54620 series and 54640 series oscilloscopes The 54620 series performance characteristics start on page 7 3 The 54640 series performance characteristics start on page 7 13 ...

Page 241: ...tical Resolution 8 bits Peak Detection 5 ns Averages selectable from 2 4 8 16 32 64 to 16383 High Resolution Mode 12 bits of resolution when 500 us div average mode with average 1 Filter Sinx x interpolation single shot BW sample rate 4 or bandwidth of scope whichever is less with vectors on Acquisition Digital Channels on 54621D and 54622D only Max Sample Rate 400 MSa s interleaved 200 MSa s each...

Page 242: ... CAT I 500 Vpk CAT II 400 Vpk Offset Range 5 V on ranges 10 mV div 25 V on ranges 10 mV div to 199 mV div 100 V on ranges 200 mV div Dynamic Range Lesser of 8 div or 32 V Input Resistance 1 MΩ 1 Input Capacitance 14 pF Coupling ac dc ground BW Limit 20 MHz selectable Channel to Channel Isolation with channels at same V div dc to 20 MHz 40 dB 20 MHz to max bandwidth 30 dB Probes 10 1 10074C shipped...

Page 243: ...e set to 10 mV div 80 mV full scale 5 mV offset accuracy 2 0 80 mV 0 4 80 mV 1 92 mV 1 1 mV div is a magnification of 2 mV divsetting For vertical accuracycalculations use fullscale of16mV for 1 mV divsensitivitysetting Vertical System Digital Channels 54621D and 54622D only Number of Channels 16 Digital labeled D15 D0 Threshold Groupings Pod 1 D7 D0 Pod 2 D15 D8 Threshold Selections TTL CMOS ECL ...

Page 244: ...n width 80 ps Digital Delta t Accuracy Same Channel Channel to Channel non Vernier settings 0 01 reading 0 1 screen width 1 digital sample period 2 5 or 5 ns based on sample rate of 200 400 MSa s Example for signal with pulse width of 10 us scope set to 5 us div 50 us screen width and single pod active 400 MSa s delta t accuracy 01 10 us 0 1 50 us 2 5 ns 53 5 ns 0 01 reading 0 1 screen width 1 dig...

Page 245: ...tart a missing acknowledge or user defined frame with address and or data values Also trigger on Missing Acknowledge Restart EEPROM read and 10 bit write LIN Trigger on LIN Local Interconnect Network sync break at beginning of message frame Sequence Find event A trigger on event B with option to reset on event C or time delay SPI Trigger on SPI Serial Peripheral Interface a data pattern during a s...

Page 246: ...tting Predefined Thresholds TTL 1 4 V CMOS 2 5 V ECL 1 3 V External EXT Triggering Input Resistance 1 MΩ 3 Input Impedance 14 pF Maximum Input CAT I 300 Vrms 400 Vpk CAT II 100 Vrms 400 Vpk with 10074C 10 1 probe CAT I 500 Vpk CAT II 400 Vpk Range 10 V Sensitivity dc to 25 MHz 75 mV 25 MHz to max bandwidth 150 mV Coupling AC 3 5 Hz DC noise reject HF reject and LF reject 50 kHz Probe ID Agilent HP...

Page 247: ...nnels only Peak to Peak Maximum Minimum Average Amplitude Top Base Overshoot Preshoot RMS DC Time Frequency Period Width Width and Duty Cycle on any channels Rise time Fall time X at Max Time at max volts X at Min Time at min volts Delay and Phase on analog channels only Counter Built in 5 digit frequency counter on any channel Counts up to 125 MHz Threshold Definition Variable by percent and abso...

Page 248: ...TIF BMP X and Y time voltage values in CSV format Recalled I O RS 232 serial standard port 1 port XON or DTR 8 data bits 1 stop bits parity none 9600 19200 38400 57600 baud rates Parallel standard port Printer support Printer Compatibility HP DeskJet HP LaserJet with HP PCL 3 or greater compatibility Compatibility black and white 150x150 dpi gray scale 600x600 dpi Epson black and white 180x180 dpi...

Page 249: ... 71 C Humidity Operating 95 RH at 40 C for 24 hr Non operating 90 RH at 65 C for 24 hr Altitude Operating to 4 570 m 15 000 ft Non operating to 15 244 m 50 000 ft Vibration HP Agilent class B1 and MIL PRF 28800F Class 3 random Shock HP Agilent class B1 and MIL PRF 28800F operating 30 g 1 2 sine 11 ms duration 3 shocks axis along major axis Total of 18 shocks Pollution degree2 Normally only dry non...

Page 250: ...7 12 Performance Characteristics Agilent 54620 series Performance Characteristics ...

Page 251: ...pth 8 MB interleaved 4 MB each channel Vertical Resolution 8 bits Peak Detection 1 ns max sample rate Averages selectable from 2 4 8 16 32 64 to 16383 High Resolution Mode 12 bits of resolution when 100 us div average mode with average 1 Filter Sinx x interpolation single shot BW sample rate 4 or bandwidth of scope whichever is less with vectors on Acquisition Digital Channels on 54641D and 54642D...

Page 252: ... 400 Vpk 5 Vrms with 50 ohm input Offset Range 5 V on ranges 10 mV div 20 V on ranges 10 mV div to 200 mV div 75 V on ranges 200 mV div Dynamic Range Lesser of 8 div or 32 V Input Resistance 1 MΩ 1 50 ohm selectable Input Capacitance 13 pF Coupling ac dc BW Limit 25 MHz selectable Channel to Channel Isolation with channels at same V div DC to max bandwidth 40 dB Probes 10 1 10073C shipped standard...

Page 253: ...e set to 10 mV div 80 mV full scale 5 mV offset accuracy 2 0 80 mV 0 4 80 mV 1 92 mV 1 2 mV div is a magnification of 4 mV divsetting For vertical accuracycalculations use fullscale of32mV for 1 mV divsensitivitysetting Vertical System Digital Channels 54641D and 54642D only Number of Channels 16 Digital labeled D15 D0 Threshold Groupings Pod 1 D7 D0 Pod 2 D15 D8 Threshold Selections TTL CMOS ECL ...

Page 254: ...t accuracy 005 10 us 0 1 50 us 20 ps 50 52 ns 0 005 reading 0 1 screen width 40 ps Digital Delta t Accuracy Same Channel Channel to Channel non Vernier settings 0 005 reading 0 1 screen width 1 digital sample period 1 ns Example for signal with pulse width of 10 us scope set to 5 us div 50 us screen width and single pod active 1 GSa s delta t accuracy 005 10 us 0 1 50 us 1 ns 51 5 ns 0 005 reading...

Page 255: ...nowledge or user defined frame with address and or data values Also trigger on Missing Acknowledge Restart EEPROM read and 10 bit write LIN Trigger on LIN Local Interconnect Network sync break at beginning of message frame Sequence Find event A trigger on event B with option to reset on event C or time delay SPI Trigger on SPI Serial Peripheral Interface a data pattern during a specific framing pe...

Page 256: ...al EXT Triggering Input Resistance 1 MΩ 3 or 50 Ohm Input Impedance 13 pF Maximum Input CAT I 300 Vrms 400 Vpk CAT II 100 Vrms 400 Vpk with 10073C 10 1 probe CAT I 500 Vpk CAT II 400 Vpk 5 Vrms with 50 ohm input Range DC coupling trigger level 8 V AC coupling LF reject AC input minus trigger level not to exceed 8 V Sensitivity DC to 100 MHz 100 mV 100 MHz to max bandwidth 200 mV Coupling ac 3 5 Hz...

Page 257: ... analog channels only Peak to Peak Maximum Minimum Average Amplitude Top Base Overshoot Preshoot RMS dc Time Frequency Period Width Width and Duty Cycle on any channels Rise time Fall time X at Max Time at max volts X at Min Time at min volts Delay and Phase on analog channels only Counter Built in 5 digit frequency counter on any channel Counts up to 125 MHz Threshold Definition Variable by perce...

Page 258: ...MP X and Y time voltage values in CSV format Recalled I O RS 232 serial standard port 1 port XON or DTR 8 data bits 1 stop bits parity none 9600 19200 38400 57600 baud rates Parallel standard port Printer support Printer Compatibility HP DeskJet HP LaserJet with HP PCL 3 or greater compatibility Compatibility black and white 150x150 dpi gray scale 600x600 dpi Epson black and white 180x180 dpi Seik...

Page 259: ...ing 10 C to 55 C Non operating 51 C to 71 C Humidity Operating 95 RH at 40 C for 24 hr Non operating 90 RH at 65 C for 24 hr Altitude Operating to 4 570 m 15 000 ft Non operating to 15 244 m 50 000 ft Vibration HP Agilent class B1 and MIL PRF 28800F Class 3 random Shock HP Agilent class B1 and MIL PRF 28800F operating 30 g 1 2 sine 11 ms duration 3 shocks axis along major axis Total of 18 shocks P...

Page 260: ...7 22 ...

Page 261: ...ata 5 3 Center FFT 5 27 channel analog 4 7 bandwidth limit 4 9 coupling 4 8 invert 4 9 position 4 8 probe units 4 10 skew 4 10 vernier 4 9 vertical sensitivity 4 8 cleaning 1 11 cleaning the instrument 15 clear display 4 21 4 31 5 11 clock 6 11 CMOS threshold 4 37 comma separated variable file 4 53 6 6 compensating your probe 1 16 configure printer 6 6 controls front panel 2 7 conventions 1 24 2 2...

Page 262: ...state 5 32 infinite persistence 4 21 4 25 4 30 5 10 input impedance channel input 4 9 external trigger 3 10 input voltage 1 15 3 9 Integrate math function 5 23 intensity 1 14 4 21 intensity knob 2 24 invert 4 9 L label list 4 46 labels 4 42 languages Quick Help 1 25 6 3 updates 1 26 6 3 LaserJet printer 6 6 LF reject 5 7 library default labels 4 47 library labels 4 44 LIN trigger 3 29 line trigger...

Page 263: ...on I2C trigger 3 25 Rise time measurement 5 43 RMS measurement 5 49 roll mode 4 16 5 12 RS 232 6 9 baud rate 6 9 cable 1 21 6 10 port 6 10 Run Stop 2 3 2 20 4 25 S sample rate 2 5 4 20 5 9 save traces and setups 4 48 Save Recall 4 48 saver screen 6 12 scale factors print 6 7 scaling 2 16 SCL I2C trigger 3 24 screen saver 6 12 SDA 3 24 SDA I2C trigger 3 25 Seiko printer 6 6 Self Test service 6 15 s...

Page 264: ...e 2 12 2 13 2 14 units probe 3 10 4 10 units math 5 18 update rate 4 6 updates application software 6 5 languages 1 26 6 3 USB trigger 3 52 User Cal service 6 14 User defined threshold 4 37 utilities 6 2 V vectors 2 5 4 22 vernier 2 19 vernier channel 4 9 vernier sweep speed 4 12 vertical 4 7 vertical expansion 4 8 vertical scaling 2 16 vertical sensitivity 4 8 voltage measurements 5 47 W waveform...

Page 265: ...61000 4 3 1995 3V m 80 AM IEC 61000 4 4 1995 EN 61000 4 4 1995 0 5kV line line 1kV line earth IEC 61000 4 6 1996 EN 61000 4 6 1996 3V 80 AM power line Australia New Zealand AS NZS 2064 1 Saftey IEC 61010 1 1990 A1 1992 A2 1995 EN 61010 1 1993 A2 1995 Canada CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1992 USA UL 3111 1 1994 Additional Information The product herewith complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Dire...

Page 266: ... the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC including 93 68 EEC and carries the CE Marking accordingly European Union Performance Criteria A Pass Normal operation no effect B Pass Temporary degradation self recoverable C Pass Temporary degradation operator intervention required D Fail Not recoverable component damage Notes 1 54621D 54622D A 54621A 54622A 54624A B Sound Pr...

Page 267: ...IEC 61000 4 4 1995 EN 61000 4 4 1995 0 5 kV signal lines 1 kV power lines IEC 61000 4 5 1995 EN 61000 4 5 1995 0 5 kv line line 1 kV line ground IEC 61000 4 6 1996 EN 61000 4 6 1996 3V 0 15 80 MHz IEC 61000 4 11 1994 EN 61000 4 11 1994 1 cycle 100 Canada ICES 001 1998 Australia New Zealand AS NZS 2064 1 Safety IEC 61010 1 1990 A1 1992 A2 1995 EN 61010 1 1993 A2 1995 Canada CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1992...

Page 268: ...10 1 1993 A2 1995 Canada CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1992 USA UL 3111 1 1994 optional Additional Information The product herewith complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC including 93 68 EEC and carries the CE Marking accordingly European Union 1 Performance Criteria A Pass Normal operation no effect B Pass Temporary degradation self recoverabl...

Page 269: ...IEC 61000 4 4 1995 EN 61000 4 4 1995 0 5 kV signal lines 1 kV power lines IEC 61000 4 5 1995 EN 61000 4 5 1995 0 5 kv line line 1 kV line ground IEC 61000 4 6 1996 EN 61000 4 6 1996 3V 0 15 80 MHz IEC 61000 4 11 1994 EN 61000 4 11 1994 1 cycle 100 Canada ICES 001 1998 Australia New Zealand AS NZS 2064 1 Safety IEC 61010 1 1990 A1 1992 A2 1995 EN 61010 1 1993 A2 1995 Canada CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1992...

Page 270: ...10 1 1993 A2 1995 Canada CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1992 USA UL 3111 1 1994 optional Additional Information The product herewith complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC including 93 68 EEC and carries the CE Marking accordingly European Union 1 Performance Criteria A Pass Normal operation no effect B Pass Temporary degradation self recoverabl...

Page 271: ...IEC 61000 4 4 1995 EN 61000 4 4 1995 0 5 kV signal lines 1 kV power lines IEC 61000 4 5 1995 EN 61000 4 5 1995 0 5 kv line line 1 kV line ground IEC 61000 4 6 1996 EN 61000 4 6 1996 3V 0 15 80 MHz IEC 61000 4 11 1994 EN 61000 4 11 1994 1 cycle 100 Canada ICES 001 1998 Australia New Zealand AS NZS 2064 1 Safety IEC 61010 1 1990 A1 1992 A2 1995 EN 61010 1 1993 A2 1995 Canada CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1992...

Page 272: ...10 1 1993 A2 1995 Canada CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1992 USA UL 3111 1 1994 optional Additional Information The product herewith complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC including 93 68 EEC and carries the CE Marking accordingly European Union 1 Performance Criteria A Pass Normal operation no effect B Pass Temporary degradation self recoverabl...

Page 273: ...C 61000 4 4 1995 EN 61000 4 4 1995 0 5 kV signal lines 1 kV power lines IEC 61000 4 6 1996 EN 61000 4 6 1996 3 V 0 15 80 MHz Canada ICES 001 1998 Australia New Zealand AS NZS 2064 1 Safety IEC 61010 1 1990 A1 1992 A2 1995 EN 61010 1 1993 A2 1995 Canada CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1992 Additional Information The product herewith complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the ...

Page 274: ...th complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC including 93 68 EEC and carries the CE Marking accordingly European Union 1 Performance Criteria A Pass Normal operation no effect B Pass Temporary degradation self recoverable C Pass Temporary degradation operator intervention required D Fail Not recoverable component damage Sound Pressure Le...

Page 275: ...n terminal must be connected to the earth termi nal of the power source Whenever it is likely that the ground protection is impaired you must make the instrument inoperative and secure it against any unintended operation Service instructions are for trained service personnel To avoid dangerous electric shock do not perform any service unless qualified to do so Do not attempt internal service or ad...

Page 276: ...ment is provided as is and is subject to being changed without notice in future editions Further to the maximum extent permitted by applica ble law Agilent disclaims all warranties either express or implied with regard to this manual and any information contained herein including but not limited to the implied war ranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose Agilent shall not be...

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