Agilent Technologies 8560E, User Manual

Page 1: ...User s Guide Agilent Technologies 8560 E Series and EC Series Spectrum Analyzers Manufacturing Part Number 08560 90158 Printed in USA November 2000 Copyright 1990 2000 Agilent Technologies ...

Page 2: ...tions at the time of shipment from the factory Agilent Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology to the extent allowed by the Institute s calibration facility and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members General Safety Considerations The following safe...

Page 3: ...let provided with protective earth contact WARNING There are many points in the instrument which can if contacted cause personal injury Be extremely careful Any adjustments or service procedures that require operation of the instrument with protective covers removed should be performed only by trained service personnel WARNING Any interruption of the protective grounding conductor inside or outsid...

Page 4: ...se with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation of the instrument or software or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free LIMITATION OF WARRANTY The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer Buyer supplied software or...

Page 5: ...rder Intermodulation Distortion 75 Example 6 AM and FM Demodulation 81 Example 7 Stimulus Response Measurements 84 Example 8 External Millimeter Mixers Unpreselected 98 Example 9 Adjacent Channel Power Measurement 108 Example 10 Power Measurement Functions 125 Example 11 Time Gated Measurement 129 Example 12 Making Time Domain Measurements with Sweep Delay 154 Example 13 Making Pulsed RF Measureme...

Page 6: ...acent Channel Power 392 ACPMETHOD Adjacent Channel Power Measurement Method 394 ACPMSTATE Adjacent Channel Power Measurement State 397 ACPPWRTX Total Power Transmitted 399 ACPRSLTS Adjacent Channel Power Measurement Results 400 ACPSP Adjacent Channel Power Channel Spacing 403 ACPT Adjacent Channel Power T Weighting 405 ACPUPPER Upper Adjacent Channel Power 406 ADJALL LO and IF Adjustments 407 ADJC...

Page 7: ...quency Diagnostics 468 FDSP Frequency Display Off 470 FFT Fast Fourier Transform 472 FOFFSET Frequency Offset 475 FREF Frequency Reference 477 FS Full Span 478 FULBAND Full Band 479 GATE Gate 481 GATECTL Gate Control 483 GD Gate Delay 484 GL Gate Length 485 GP Gate Polarity 486 GRAT Graticule On Off 487 HD Hold 488 HNLOCK Harmonic Number Lock 489 HNUNLK Unlock Harmonic Number 491 ID Output Identif...

Page 8: ...evel 541 MXMH Maximum Hold 543 MXRMODE Mixer Mode 544 NORMLIZE Normalize Trace Data 545 NRL Normalized Reference Level 547 NRPOS Normalized Reference Position 550 OCCUP Percent Occupied Power Bandwidth 552 OP Output Display Parameters 553 PLOT Plot Display 554 PLOTORG Display Origins 556 PLOTSRC Plot Source 558 PP Preselector Peak 560 PRINT Print 561 PSDAC Preselector DAC Number 563 PSTATE Protect...

Page 9: ...e Short 622 STORETHRU Store Thru 624 SWPCPL Sweep Couple 626 SWPOUT Sweep Output 628 TDF Trace Data Format 630 TH Threshold 632 TITLE Title Entry 634 TM Trigger Mode 636 TRA TRB Trace Data Input Output 638 TRIGPOL Trigger Polarity 641 TS Take Sweep 642 TWNDOW Trace Window 643 VAVG Video Average 645 VB Video Bandwidth 647 VBR Video Bandwidth to Resolution Bandwidth Ratio 649 VIEW View Trace 651 VTL...

Page 10: ...rvicing the Spectrum Analyzer Yourself 678 Calling Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Offices 679 Returning Your Spectrum Analyzer for Service 680 Serial Numbers 684 Electrostatic Discharge 685 Error Messages 688 ...

Page 11: ...Markers Show Modulating Frequency 64 Figure 2 12 A Frequency Modulated Signal 65 Figure 2 13 FM Signal with Carrier at a Null 66 Figure 2 14 FM Signal with First Sidebands at a Null 66 Figure 2 15 Input Signal and Harmonics 68 Figure 2 16 Peak of Signal is Positioned at Reference Level for Maximum Accuracy 69 Figure 2 17 Harmonic Distortion in dBc marker threshold set to 70 dB 70 Figure 2 18 Perce...

Page 12: ...acent Channel Power Measurement Test Setup 109 Figure 2 53 Adjacent Channel Power Parameters 110 Figure 2 54 Adjacent Channel Power Measurement Results 111 Figure 2 55 ACP Graph Display 112 Figure 2 56 Trigger Configuration for Gated Method Non Option 001 123 Figure 2 57 Trigger Configuration for Gated Method Option 001 124 Figure 2 58 Simplified Digital Mobile Radio Signal in Time Domain 129 Figu...

Page 13: ... 3 7 CAL Key Menu Tree 171 Figure 3 8 CONFIG Key Menu Tree 172 Figure 3 9 COPY Key 173 Figure 3 10 DISPLAY Key Menu Tree 173 Figure 3 11 FREQ COUNT Key Menu 174 Figure 3 12 FREQUENCY Key Menu Tree 174 Figure 3 13 HOLD Key 174 Figure 3 14 MEAS USER Key Menu Tree 175 Figure 3 15 ACP MENU Key Menu Tree 176 Figure 3 16 MKR Key Menu 176 Figure 3 17 MKR Key Menu 177 Figure 3 18 MODULE Key Menus 177 Figu...

Page 14: ...ax 381 Figure 7 9 ACPALTCH Query Response 381 Figure 7 10 ACPBRPER Syntax 382 Figure 7 11 ACPBRPER Query Response 382 Figure 7 12 ACPBRWID Syntax 383 Figure 7 13 ACPBRWID Query Response 383 Figure 7 14 ACPBW Syntax 384 Figure 7 15 ACPBW Query Response 384 Figure 7 16 ACPCOMPUTE Syntax 385 Figure 7 17 ACPFRQWT Syntax 387 Figure 7 18 ACPFRQWT Query Response 387 Figure 7 19 ACPGRAPH Syntax 388 Figure...

Page 15: ...ry Response 419 Figure 7 55 AMPCORRCL Syntax 420 Figure 7 56 AMPCORSAVE Syntax 421 Figure 7 57 ANNOT Syntax 422 Figure 7 58 ANNOT Query Response 422 Figure 7 59 APB Syntax 423 Figure 7 60 AT Syntax 424 Figure 7 61 AT Query Response 425 Figure 7 62 AUNITS Syntax 426 Figure 7 63 AUNITS Query Response 427 Figure 7 64 AUTOCPL Syntax 428 Figure 7 65 AXB Syntax 429 Figure 7 66 BLANK Syntax 430 Figure 7 ...

Page 16: ...e 7 100 DONE Query Response 459 Figure 7 101 ERR Syntax 460 Figure 7 102 ERR Query Response 460 Figure 7 103 ET Syntax 462 Figure 7 104 ET Query Response 462 Figure 7 105 EXTMXR Syntax 463 Figure 7 106 EXTMXR Query Response 463 Figure 7 107 FA Syntax 464 Figure 7 108 FA Query Response 465 Figure 7 109 FB Syntax 466 Figure 7 110 FB Query Response 467 Figure 7 111 FDIAG Syntax 468 Figure 7 112 FDIAG...

Page 17: ...G Query Response 498 Figure 7 146 LN Syntax 500 Figure 7 147 MBIAS Syntax 501 Figure 7 148 MBIAS Query Response 502 Figure 7 149 MEANPWR Syntax 503 Figure 7 150 MEANPWR Query Response 504 Figure 7 151 MEAS Syntax 505 Figure 7 152 MEAS Query Response 505 Figure 7 153 MINH Syntax 506 Figure 7 154 MKA Syntax 507 Figure 7 155 MKA Query Response 507 Figure 7 156 MKBW Syntax 508 Figure 7 157 MKCF Syntax...

Page 18: ...7 190 ML Query Response 541 Figure 7 191 MXMH Syntax 543 Figure 7 192 MXRMODE Syntax 544 Figure 7 193 MXRMODE Query Response 544 Figure 7 194 NORMALIZE Syntax 545 Figure 7 195 NORMALIZE Query Response 546 Figure 7 196 NRL Syntax 547 Figure 7 197 NRL Query Response 548 Figure 7 198 NRPOS Syntax 550 Figure 7 199 NRPOS Query Response 551 Figure 7 200 OCCUP Syntax 552 Figure 7 201 OCCUP Query Response...

Page 19: ...re 7 236 SER Syntax 591 Figure 7 237 SER Query Response 591 Figure 7 238 SIGID Syntax 592 Figure 7 239 SIGID Query Response 593 Figure 7 240 SNGLS Syntax 594 Figure 7 241 SP Syntax 595 Figure 7 242 SP Query Response 596 Figure 7 243 SQUELCH Syntax 597 Figure 7 244 SQUELCH Query Response 598 Figure 7 245 SRCALC Syntax 599 Figure 7 246 SRCALC Query Response 599 Figure 7 247 SRCCRSTK Syntax 600 Figur...

Page 20: ...636 Figure 7 280 TM Query Response 637 Figure 7 281 TRA TRB Syntax 638 Figure 7 282 TRA TRB Query Response 639 Figure 7 283 TRIGPOL Syntax 641 Figure 7 284 TRIGPOL Query Response 641 Figure 7 285 TS Syntax 642 Figure 7 286 TWNDOW Syntax 643 Figure 7 287 VAVG Syntax 645 Figure 7 288 VAVG Query Response 646 Figure 7 289 VB Syntax 647 Figure 7 290 VB Query Response 648 Figure 7 291 VBR Syntax 649 Fig...

Page 21: ...21 1 Quick Start Guide ...

Page 22: ... Documentation Description How to Use This Guide Where to Start If you are familiar with spectrum analyzers Briefly review the front and rear panel overview sections in Chapter 1 for a short introduction to the 8560E EC 8561E EC 8563E EC 8564E EC and 8565E EC spectrum analyzers If you want more information about a particular spectrum analyzer function refer to Chapter 4 If you are not familiar wit...

Page 23: ...Text This font indicates text displayed on the instrument s screen Features 8560 EC Series 8560 E Series Display LCD display color display not adjustable backlight bulbs are replacable replace both bulbs when display is dim requires A17 LCD driver board CRT display monochrome display adjustable for focus intensity and quadrature requires high voltage module HVM which is located in the A6 power sup...

Page 24: ...e Frequency Range 8560E EC 145 dBm to 30 dBm 30 Hz to 2 9 GHz 8561E EC 145 dBm to 30 dBm 30 Hz to 6 5 GHz 8562E EC 148 dBm to 30 dBm 30 Hz to 13 2 GHz 8563E EC 148 dBm to 30 dBm 9 kHz to 26 5 GHz 30 Hz to 26 5 GHz with Option 006 8564E EC 147 dBm to 30 dBm 9 kHz to 40 GHz 30 Hz to 40 GHz with Option 006 8565E EC 147 dBm to 30 dBm 9 kHz to 50 GHz 30 Hz to 50 GHz with Option 006 ...

Page 25: ...complete or the analyzer fails the verification tests in the calibration guide notify one of the Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Offices listed in Table 9 2 on page 672 Show any container or cushioning materials damages to the carrier The Sales and Service Office will arrange for repair or replacement without waiting for a claim settlement The shipping container and cushioning materials are...

Page 26: ...lder 2110 0709 Adapter Type N m to SMA f 8563E EC only 1250 1250 Adapter Type N m to BNC f 1250 0780 not included with Option 026 2 per Option 002 Adapter SMA m to BNC f 1250 1200 Option 026 8564E EC or 8565E EC only Adapter APC 3 5 f to APC 3 5 f 5061 5311 Option 026 only Adapter K f to 2 4 mm f 1250 2187 8564E EC or 8565E EC only Adapter 2 4 mm f to 2 4 mm f 1250 2188 8564E EC or 8565E EC only T...

Page 27: ...Chapter 1 27 Quick Start Guide Initial Inspection Figure 1 1 Accessories Supplied See Figure 9 2 on page 672 for part numbers ...

Page 28: ...ing that the line voltage is correct the line voltage selector switch located on the analyzer rear panel is set to the correct voltage and the proper fuse is installed Failure to verify that these items are correct could result in equipment damage Figure 1 2 Selecting the Correct Line Voltage CAUTION When installing the instrument in a cabinet the convection into and out of the instrument must not...

Page 29: ...you should ever need to call Agilent Technologies for service or have any questions regarding your analyzer it is helpful to know the firmware date to get the most accurate information 3 Allow the analyzer a 5 minute warmup Refer to the warmup specification in the calibration guide 4 The reference level calibration adjustment procedure in this chapter should be performed before checking the specif...

Page 30: ... the signal with a marker We can measure an input signal in four simple steps 1 Set the center frequency 2 Set the frequency span 3 Activate the marker 4 Set the amplitude As an example we will measure the front panel 300 MHz calibration signal First switch on the spectrum analyzer For maximum accuracy if the analyzer has just been powered up allow for a 5 minute warmup Figure 1 3 300 MHz Calibrat...

Page 31: ... 1 4 on page 31 These functions are called softkeys and are designated in the manual by shading e g CENTER FREQ Most front panel keys access menus of softkey functions Figure 1 4 Softkey Menu b To set the center frequency to 300 MHz use the keys in the DATA section of the front panel and enter 300 MHz These data keys allow you to select the exact numeric value of the active function which in this ...

Page 32: ...p keys can also be used to change the numeric value of the active function The resulting display is shown in Figure 1 6 Note that the resolution and video bandwidths are coupled to the frequency span they are automatically adjusted to appropriate values for a given span Sweeptime is also a coupled function c Press SWEEP and notice the SWP TIME AUTO MAN softkey The softkey can be used to make the s...

Page 33: ...the trace in this case at or near the peak of the signal The marker reads both the frequency and the amplitude and displays these values in the active function block In this case the marker reads 300 00 MHz and 10 00 dBm as shown in Figure 1 7 on page 33 b If the marker is not on the peak of the signal it can be placed on the highest point by pressing PEAK SEARCH or by using the knob to move the m...

Page 34: ...n key in 10 dBm or use either the step keys or the knob Using the knob is the easiest way to fine tune the signal peak to the reference level which is located at the top of the graticule b Because the marker is active a faster method to fine tune the signal peak to the reference level is to press MARKER REF LVL which is located under the MKR key This function sets the reference level equal to the ...

Page 35: ...w list labeled REF LVL ADJ allows you to calibrate the amplitude of the instrument 3 Press REF LVL ADJ to activate the function 4 To calibrate the spectrum analyzer use the knob on the front panel and adjust the peak of the signal to the reference level as shown in Figure 1 9 Note the number that appears in the active function block number 0 in this example This number ranges from 528 to 528 33 to...

Page 36: ...on the spectrum analyzer trace let you make relative measurements automatically locate the signal of highest amplitude on a trace and tune the spectrum analyzer to track a signal automatically 4 CONTROL functions allow you to adjust the resolution and video bandwidths the sweep time the display and other functions that control spectrum analyzer measurement capabilities 5 DATA keys STEP keys and th...

Page 37: ... the INPUT 50 Ω is 30 dBm with a minimum of 10 dB input attenuation For the 8560E EC 8561E EC or 8562E EC only When ac coupled the maximum dc voltage to the RF input is 50 V When dc coupled the maximum dc voltage is 0 2 V Default power up mode is ac coupled It is best to leave the analyzer in ac coupled mode for maximum protection Exceeding the maximum safe input levels can damage the input attenu...

Page 38: ...tion 006 30 dBm Max 0 2 V dc Max dc coupled 50 V dc Max ac coupled 30 dBm Max 0 2 V dc Max dc coupled 50 V dc Max ac coupled 30 dBm Max 0 2 V dc Max dc coupled 50 V dc Max ac coupled 30 dBm Max 0 2 V dc Max dc coupled 30 dBm Max 0 2 V dc Max dc coupled 30 dBm Max 0 2 V dc Max dc coupled PROBE POWER 15 V 12 6 V 150 mA max CAL OUTPUT 300 MHz 10 dBm IF INPUT for use with external mixers 310 7 MHz 0 V...

Page 39: ... frequency 4 Title area 5 Data invalid indicator displayed when analyzer settings are changed before completion of a full sweep 6 Menu title and softkey menu 7 Error message area 8 Frequency span or stop frequency 9 Sweep time 10 Indicator of uncoupled function for sweep time resolution bandwidth video bandwidth or input attenuation 11 Video bandwidth 12 Resolution bandwidth 13 Center or start fre...

Page 40: ...pling selected The 8563E EC 8564E EC and 8565E EC are always dc coupled AC coupling is available only for an 8560E EC 8561E EC or 8562E EC spectrum analyzers The default setting for an 8560E EC 8561E EC or 8562E EC is ac coupling D Detector mode set to sample negative peak or positive peak E Special sweep time equations in use refer to tracking generator menus F Frequency offset is less than or gr...

Page 41: ...le on EC series instruments the earjack is located at J7 see 15 Figure 1 13 EC series instruments have a VGA port at J1 while E series instruments do not have a VGA port Three CRT display adjustment pots are accessed through the rear of E series instruments see 7 Figure 1 12 which are not present on EC series instruments Figure 1 12 Rear Panel Functions 8560 E series Figure 1 13 Rear Panel Functio...

Page 42: ...e signal about 1 5 V For gated video triggering the instrument sweep trigger depends upon the setting of GATE CTL EDGE LVL If GATE CTL EDGE LVL is set to EDGE either the positive or negative edge of the trigger input signal initiates the gate delay Set EDGE POL POS NEG If GATE CTL EDGE LVL is set to level LVL either the TTL high level or TTL low level opens the gate Set LVL POL POS NEG The gate co...

Page 43: ...ector can be switched to an input to use an external reference An external reference must be 10 MHz at a minimum of 2 dBm To select the external reference mode press AUX CTRL REAR PANEL 10 MHZ EXT INT 12 J8 LO SWP FAV OUTPUT provides different signals at connector J8 a 0 V to 10 V ramp corresponding to the local oscillator tune ramp or a sweeping dc output of 0 5 V per GHz of tuned frequency and 0...

Page 44: ...s meaning before operating this instrument CAUTION The caution sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or destruction of the instrument Do not proceed beyond a caution until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met WARNING The warning sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure which i...

Page 45: ... may be impaired There are many points in the instrument which can if contacted cause personal injury Be extremely careful Any adjustments or service procedures that require operation of the instrument with protective covers removed should be performed only by trained service personnel CAUTION Before this instrument is switched on make sure its primary power circuitry has been adapted to the volta...

Page 46: ...ds In addition to the user s guide the following manuals are shipped with your spectrum analyzer Calibration Guide The Agilent Technologies 8560 E Series and EC Series Calibration Guide includes the specifications and characteristics and information about how to test your spectrum analyzer to determine if the spectrum analyzer meets its specifications Quick Reference Guide The Agilent Technologies...

Page 47: ...immediately available for new products Component Level Information The component level information manual provides component level information for the assemblies used in the instrument Schematic drawings component locators and assembly parts list are provided for the current vintage of assemblies Component level information is not always immediately available for new assemblies How to Order Manual...

Page 48: ...48 Chapter1 Quick Start Guide Manuals Available Separately ...

Page 49: ...49 2 Making Measurements ...

Page 50: ...e measurement application and procedures covered in this chapter are Resolving Closely Spaced Signals with Resolution Bandwidth Improving Amplitude Measurements with Ampcor Modulation Harmonic Distortion Third Order Intermodulation Distortion AM and FM Demodulation Stimulus Response Measurements External Millimeter Mixers Adjacent Channel Power Measurement Power Measurements Functions Time gated M...

Page 51: ...B bandwidth of a filter The following guidelines can help you determine the appropriate resolution bandwidth to choose Stepping Through a Measurement of Two Equal Amplitude Signals Generally to resolve two signals of equal amplitude the resolution bandwidth must be less than or equal to the frequency separation of the two signals For example to resolve two signals of equal amplitude with a frequen...

Page 52: ...Hz resolution bandwidth again must be used see Figure 2 2 Since the spectrum analyzer uses bandwidths in a 1 3 10 sequence the next larger filter 3 kHz would exceed the 2 kHz separation and thus would not resolve the signals Keep in mind that noise sidebands phase noise can also affect resolution Figure 2 1 1 kHz Signal Separation Figure 2 2 2 kHz Signal Separation ...

Page 53: ...eo bandwidth to 1 kHz See Figure 2 4 on page 55 To resolve two signals of unequal amplitude the resolution bandwidth must be less than or equal to the frequency separation of the two signals the same as resolving two equal amplitude signals However in this case the largest resolution bandwidth that will resolve the two unequal signals is determined primarily by the shape factor of the IF filter ra...

Page 54: ... MHz and a half bandwidth value of 600 kHz This half bandwidth is narrower than the frequency separation so the two input signals will be resolved See Figure 2 4 However using a 300 kHz filter the 60 dB bandwidth is 3 6 MHz and the half bandwidth value is 1 8 MHz Since this half bandwidth is wider than the frequency separation the signals most likely would not be resolved Change the resolution ban...

Page 55: ...ution NOTE Spectrum analyzer sweep time is inversely proportional to the square of the resolution bandwidth for bandwidths greater than or equal 300 Hz So if the resolution bandwidth is reduced by a factor of ten the sweep time is increased by a factor of 100 For fastest measurement times use the widest resolution bandwidth that still permits resolution of all desired signals ...

Page 56: ...s updated as the frequency and amplitude parameters of the spectrum analyzer are changed Spectrum Analyzer Functions Used This example uses the amplitude correction function ampcor It illustrates the use of some of the ampcor data entry and editing functions that help with the entry of the frequency amplitude correction pairs Once you have entered a set of correction values they can be saved and r...

Page 57: ...of the power splitter outputs Connect the power sensor to the other power splitter output See Figure 2 6 3 Set the source output to CW 1 0 GHz Amplitude 0 dBm 4 On the power meter enter the 1 GHz power sensor calibration factor 5 The correction values should be determined using the same measurement setup as the intended measurement will use For the purpose of this example we will use the following...

Page 58: ...libration factor for this frequency into the power meter 6 On the spectrum analyzer press FREQUENCY and enter the next frequency to be corrected 7 Press CAL MORE 1 OF 2 AMPCOR MENU EDIT AMPCOR MORE 1 OF 2 PEAK SEARCH MORE 2 OF 2 NEW CORR PT 8 Use the knob to adjust AMPL until the marker amplitude reads the same as the power meter 9 Repeat steps 4 through 8 for each additional correction point Stor...

Page 59: ...n using the ampcor function consider the following Trace data above or below the graticule If any of the uncorrected trace data is above or below the graticule the ampcor function will not properly correct it The spectrum analyzer amplitude accuracy is not specified above or below the graticule Anytime ampcor applies a correction such that data outside the graticule is moved to within the graticul...

Page 60: ...rements Stepping Through Modulation Measurements Amplitude Modulation 1 Connect the signal source to the spectrum analyzer INPUT 50Ω 2 Set the source to a carrier frequency of 100 MHz with amplitude modulation of about 34 kHz 3 Set the spectrum analyzer center frequency to 100 MHz Set the span to 500 kHz 4 Figure 2 7 on page 61 illustrates the amplitude modulated signal as seen on the spectrum ana...

Page 61: ...Figure 2 7 An Amplitude Modulated Signal NOTE Unequal amplitudes of the lower and upper sidebands indicate incidental FM on the input signal Incidental FM can reduce the accuracy of percentage of modulation measurements Figure 2 8 Percentage of Modulation ...

Page 62: ...strates how to verify the FM deviation accuracy of a signal generator with FM capability We will use a carrier frequency of 100 MHz and test for FM deviation accuracy at a 25 kHz rate using the modulation index for the first carrier null 2 401 Figure 2 9 illustrates how to set up the equipment for this measurement Figure 2 9 FM Deviation Test Setup 1 Connect the signal source to the spectrum analy...

Page 63: ...r carrier nulls and first sideband nulls Figure 2 10 Bessel Functions for Determining Modulation Index Table 2 1 Carrier Nulls and Modulation Indexes Order of Carrier Null Modulation Index 1 2 401 2 5 520 3 8 653 4 11 791 5 14 931 6 18 071 n n 6 18 071 π n 6 Table 2 2 Sideband Nulls and Modulation Indexes Order of First Sideband Null Modulation Index 1 3 83 2 7 02 3 10 17 4 13 32 5 16 47 6 19 62 ...

Page 64: ...he audio source frequency as follows Figure 2 11 Markers Show Modulating Frequency Modulating Frequency 25kHz 2 401 Modulating Frequency 10 412kHz Table 2 3 a Press FREQ COUNT to activate the counter function then press COUNTER RES and set the counter resolution b Press COUNTER ON OFF so that ON is underlined and use the delta count mode to read the difference between two sideband peaks see Figure...

Page 65: ...ulls Figure 2 12 illustrates a frequency modulated signal with a small modulation index modulation index of about 0 2 as it appears on a spectrum analyzer Figure 2 13 on page 66 and Figure 2 14 on page 66 illustrate larger modulation index values In the first figure the null is at the carrier In the second figure the null is at the first sideband Figure 2 12 A Frequency Modulated Signal ...

Page 66: ...gnal can cause the frequency null to shift resulting in errors to the procedure above Incidental AM is very low for most RF signal generators but can be significant in microwave signal generators Nonsymmetrical side lobes indicate the presence of incidental AM In such cases the best technique for measuring FM is to down convert and use a modulation analyzer such as the Agilent 8901A B ...

Page 67: ... and setting the frequency step size to the value of the center frequency There are two common ways to measure harmonic distortion using a spectrum analyzer Procedure A illustrates the faster method which permits a simultaneous display of the fundamental and its harmonics Procedure B takes longer to perform but provides a better measurement of harmonics closer to the noise floor Stepping through t...

Page 68: ...dwidth to improve visibility by smoothing the noise a Press BW b Press VIDEO BW AUTO MAN until MAN is selected c Use the step down key to select the video bandwidth 2 For measurement accuracy raise the peak of the fundamental to the reference level a Press PEAK SEARCH MKR MARKER REF LVL The result is shown in Figure 2 16 ...

Page 69: ... Set the peak threshold above the noise a Press PEAK SEARCH MORE 1 OF 2 PEAK THRESHLD b Adjust the dashed line to a level above the noise using either the step keys or the knob 2 Activate the second marker a Press PEAK SEARCH MARKER DELTA NEXT PK RIGHT This places the anchor marker on the fundamental and a second marker on the peak of the second harmonic as shown in Figure 2 17 on page 70 ...

Page 70: ...mental and second harmonic shown in the figure is about 50 dB or 0 33 percent harmonic distortion see Figure 2 18 1 To measure the third harmonic press NEXT PK RIGHT again Measure additional harmonics 1 Continue reading amplitudes and comparing them to Figure 2 18 for each additional harmonic you want to measure PEAK EXCURSN defines what is and what is not a peak the next peak routines find the co...

Page 71: ...he displayed ratio is limited to a minimum of 0 01 or 1 percent before reaching zero Plot the display 1 You may want to plot the display for hard copy documentation a Connect a graphics plotter such as an Agilent 7440A ColorPro to the analyzer via GPIB b Set the plotter address to 5 c On the spectrum analyzer press CONFIG then COPY DEV PRNT PLT until PLT is selected d Press PLOTTER CONFIG to view ...

Page 72: ...amental 1 Reduce the frequency span a Press PEAK SEARCH which activates a marker on the highest level signal on screen b Reduce the frequency span to 1 MHz by pressing SPAN SPAN ZOOM c Enter 1 MHz The span zoom function lets you quickly zoom to a narrower frequency span without losing the signal from the screen because signal track is activated d After the frequency span is reduced turn off the si...

Page 73: ...displays the amplitude of the second harmonic as shown in Figure 2 20 on page 74 Find the harmonic distortion 1 Use Figure 2 18 on page 71 to convert the difference between the second harmonic and the fundamental to a percentage of distortion Again units can be changed to volts in order to read the voltage ratio of the two signals Measure additional harmonics 1 For each additional harmonic you wis...

Page 74: ...s AMPLITUDE MORE 1 OF 3 AMPTD UNITS and VOLTS The amplitude values of these signals are used in the equation below to compute total harmonic distortion 1 Where A1 the amplitude of the fundamental frequency in volts A2 the amplitude of the second harmonic in volts A3 the amplitude of the third harmonic in volts A4 the amplitude of the fourth harmonic in volts An the amplitude of the nth harmonic in...

Page 75: ... Spectrum Analyzer Functions Used The following procedure describes how to measure third order intermodulation distortion It shows how to tune two signals onto the spectrum analyzer display and demonstrates setting the resolution bandwidth mixer level and reference level It also incorporates several marker functions Stepping through the Measurement Set up the test 1 To test a device for third orde...

Page 76: ... to include the distortion products on the display For frequency separations other than those used in this example choose a span greater than three times the separation of the source signals NOTE A quick way to get to a smaller frequency span is to use SPAN ZOOM SPAN ZOOM activates a highest peak marker turns signal track on and zooms down to the span selected by the user To activate the span zoom...

Page 77: ...e with the corresponding marker on it until the difference in amplitude reads zero NOTE If you need to choose a specific resolution bandwidth to verify that the distortion products are at a certain level below the source signal refer to Example 1 in this chapter Figure 2 22 Signals Centered on Spectrum Analyzer Display Set the reference level 11 For greatest measurement accuracy position the peaks...

Page 78: ...Enter 30 dBm The spectrum analyzer automatically sets the attenuation so the maximum signal level is 30 dBm at the input mixer when the signal is at or below the reference level see Example 1 You will hear the input attenuator click notice that the value of the attenuator is now 20 dB see Figure 2 24 on page 79 This change to the maximum mixer level can affect the noise so you may need to adjustme...

Page 79: ...requency and amplitude between the two markers is displayed in the active function block Figure 2 24 Intermodulation Distortion Measured in dBc Create a title for the measurement The screen title function lets you create a title on the screen and a label for the recall menu 14 To create a title a Press DISPLAY SCREEN TITLE b Use the softkeys from the screen title menu and the knob to choose the le...

Page 80: ...ta for later viewing 15 To save the instrument state a Press SAVE SAVE STATE b Press a softkey to enter the instrument state data into the register 0 to 9 you select The first 16 characters of the title are used to label the register on the recall menu 16 To view this menu press RECALL RECALL STATE If a stored state has not been titled the menu reads STATE followed by the register number chosen ...

Page 81: ...se the built in AM and FM demodulator and speaker in the 8560 E Series and EC Series spectrum analyzers For simplicity in our example we will demodulate only an FM signal To demodulate and listen to an AM signal repeat the same steps but activate AM DEMOD ON OFF instead of FM DEMOD ON OFF Spectrum Analyzer Functions Used The following procedure illustrates the use of the built in AM and FM demodul...

Page 82: ...art frequency of the spectrum analyzer to 88 MHz and the stop frequency to 108 MHz a Press FREQUENCY b Press START FREQ enter 88 MHz c Press STOP FREQ enter 108 MHz see Figure 2 27 Figure 2 27 FM Band Set a marker 3 To demodulate an FM signal you must activate a marker before you turn on the demodulator For your convenience the AM and FM demodulation menu contains the marker functions ...

Page 83: ... TIME b Enter 30 seconds This sets the actual time that the built in demodulator will demodulate the signals so you may listen to it Demodulate the signal 5 Press MORE 2 OF 2 then set FM DEMOD ON OFF to ON You may have to adjust the volume of the speaker using the volume knob located on the front panel under the display NOTE You also can use AM or FM demodulation when the frequency span of the spe...

Page 84: ...orms a stimulus response measurement system With the tracking generator as the swept source and the spectrum analyzer as the receiver operation is analogous to a single channel scalar network analyzer Because the tracking generator is a narrow band system its output frequency must be made to track the spectrum analyzer input frequency precisely resulting in a wide dynamic range This wide dynamic r...

Page 85: ...flection measurement is similar use this example as your guide You may also refer to the Agilent Technologies Spectrum Analyzer Seminar Application Note 150 7 or Applicaton Note 1212 for more information about reflection measurements Stepping through the Measurement There are four basic steps for performing any stimulus response measurement either transmission or reflection 1 Set up the spectrum a...

Page 86: ...to 300 kHz Stimulus response measurements using an 8560E EC Option 002 are specified from 300 kHz to 2 9 Ghz Due to the current resolution of the annotation changing the start frequency to 300 kHz will be denoted only in smaller spans 4 Put the sweep time of the analyzer into stimulus response auto coupled mode by pressing MORE 1 OF 3 then SWP CPL SR SA until SR is selected In stimulus response mo...

Page 87: ... according to the measurement requirement 6 Decrease the resolution bandwidth to increase sensitivity and narrow the video bandwidth to smooth the noise In Figure 2 33 the resolution bandwidth has been decreased to 3 kHz NOTE The minimum resolution bandwidth supported in stimulus response measurements is 300 Hz ...

Page 88: ...te for the tracking error by using either the manual or the automatic tracking adjustment These keys are on the second softkey menu page of TRACKING GENRATOR under the AUX CTRL key Automatic Tracking Once the automatic tracking routine is activated in a wide resolution bandwidth it is not necessary to use the tracking adjust again when decreasing the resolution bandwidth The automatic tracking rou...

Page 89: ... 7 To calibrate using a thru a Press AUX CTRL TRACKING GENRATOR SOURCE CAL MENU CAL THRU b The guided calibration routine prompts you to connect the thru as illustrated in Figure 2 35 Connect the thru then press STORE THRU to store the thru trace in trace B and in an internal memory location in the analyzer The state information of the thru calibration trace is stored in state register number 9 Th...

Page 90: ...user Figure 2 36 The thru trace is displayed in trace B Normalize Normalization eliminates the frequency response error in the test setup When normalization is on trace math is performed on the active trace A B NRP A 1 where A is the active trace B is the stored thru calibration trace NRP is the normalized reference position ...

Page 91: ...zed reference position or the position where 0 dB insertion loss transmission measurements or 0 dB return loss reflection measurements will normally reside You can set the dB value of the normalized reference position using the NORM REF LVL adjustment under the AMPLITUDE key Changing NORM REF POSN changes the position of the normalized trace within the range of the graticule Figure 2 37 Normalized...

Page 92: ...the trace on the display RANGE LVL adjusts attenuation and gain while NORM REF LVL does not change the spectrum analyzer settings NORM REF LVL like NORM REF POSN is a trace math function that lets you change the position of the normalized trace within the range of the graticule without changing spectrum analyzer settings See Figure 2 39 As a result your measurement remains calibrated However using...

Page 93: ...and IF gain It is equivalent to REF LVL used in signal analysis measurements Both RANGE LVL and REF LVL ensure that the input signal is not in gain compression To increase the dynamic range of the measurement press RANGE LVL Note that while increasing the dynamic range more errors are introduced into the measurement such as attenuator switching However as Figure 2 40 shows the dynamic range level ...

Page 94: ...play In the case shown here the passband information is adjusted off screen in order to view the rejection range with better resolution Changing the analyzer settings to raise the passband information above the top of the screen results in an ERR 903 A DLMT In normalized mode ERR 904 B DLMT also may appear if The calibration trace is off screen or No calibration has been performed after a preset o...

Page 95: ...f the graticule This is confirmed by the step up key when a marker is activated and the ERR 903 A DLMT error message appears in the error message block Figure 2 41 Normalized Frequency Response Trace of a Preamplifier By increasing NORM REF LVL to 30 dB as shown in Figure 2 42 the trace moves down on the screen Note that 1 the input attenuator value remains at 10 dB 2 the marker amplitude readout ...

Page 96: ... to 0 dB increase RANGE LVL to 30 dB As shown in Figure 2 43 the trace moves fully within the graticule Compare the settings 1 input attenuator value has changed to 40 dB 2 the marker amplitude readout displays 6 3 dB and 3 the ERR 903 A DLMT error message no longer appears Figure 2 43 RANGE LVL adjusts analyzer for compression free measurements ...

Page 97: ...t can position the active trace without changing analyzer settings The ERR 903 A DLMT error message is an indicator that the actual measured trace may fall outside of the analyzer measurement range with the current settings Compression free measurements are assured by adjusting RANGE LVL and changing the input attenuator and IF gain ...

Page 98: ...and EC Series spectrum analyzers support both types of mixers Spectrum Analyzer Functions Used The 8560 E Series and EC Series spectrum analyzers contain an extensive menu of functions that help with millimeter measurements This example explains how to connect external mixers to the spectrum analyzer how to choose the band of interest how to store conversion loss factors and how to use the optiona...

Page 99: ... torque should not exceed 112 N cm 10 in lb Select the Frequency Band 2 Specify unpreselected external mixing by pressing CONFIG then EXT MXR PRE UNPR until UNPR is selected 3 To select a frequency above 18 GHz a Press AUX CTRL EXTERNAL MIXER to set the analyzer to external mixer mode b Enter the desired frequency directly using the center frequency function c Notice in Table that some frequencies...

Page 100: ...ion locks the spectrum analyzer in that band ensuring that the spectrum analyzer sweeps only the chosen band LOCK ON OFF is automatically set to ON when FULL BAND is pressed Table 2 4 External Mixer Frequency Ranges Frequency Band Frequency Range GHz Mixing Harmonic Conversion Loss K 18 0 to 26 5 6 30 dB A 26 5 to 40 0 8 30 dB Q 33 0 to 50 0 10 30 dB U 40 0 to 60 0 10 30 dB V 50 0 to 75 0 14 30 dB...

Page 101: ...es mixers Other conversion loss values may be entered into the spectrum analyzer in two ways The first method lets you to save the average conversion loss value for the entire band using AVERAGE CNV LOSS To activate this function a Press AUX CTRL EXTERNAL MIXER AMPTD CORRECT AVERAGE CNV LOSS b Enter the appropriate average conversion loss value On Agilent 11970 Series harmonic mixers these values ...

Page 102: ...he frequency shown c Use the step up key to step through the band entering the conversion loss at each step Signal Identification unpreselected mixers only 5 The IF output of a harmonic mixer contains many mixer products frequencies of LO source 2LO source 3LO source nLO source As a result within a single harmonic band a single input signal can produce many responses only one of which is valid The...

Page 103: ...als uses the spectrum analyzer function SIG ID ON OFF When using this function smaller spans will yield more accurate measurements a Span down to 50 MHz b Press AUX CTRL EXTERNAL MIXER SIGNAL IDENT c Press SIG ID ON OFF until ON is selected Any signal not produced by the currently selected harmonic will be shifted horizontally on alternate sweeps see Figure 2 48 Therefore when viewing the display ...

Page 104: ...104 Chapter2 Making Measurements Example 8 External Millimeter Mixers Unpreselected Figure 2 48 Response for Invalid Signals Figure 2 49 Response for Valid Signals ...

Page 105: ...e of the signal will yield a reading in the active block as shown in Figure 2 50 The true signal frequency is given with an identifier that the marker resides on an image If the marker is placed on a true signal and SIG ID AT MKR is activated the signal frequency will appear without the IMAGE notation as shown in Figure 2 51 To activate SIG ID AT MKR a Place a marker on a signal b Press AUX CTRL E...

Page 106: ... requiring bias are connected as shown in Figure 2 44 with mixer bias supplied via the IF line To measure a signal access a band as described above To activate the bias 1 Press AUX CTRL EXTERNAL MIXER BIAS 2 Press the softkey corresponding to the bias polarity positive or negative that your mixer requires 3 Use the knob on the spectrum analyzer to adjust the bias and to peak the signal for maximum...

Page 107: ...f 300 ohms Such voltage levels may appear when recalling an instrument state in which an active bias has been stored NOTE The bias value that appears on the spectrum analyzer display is expressed in terms of short circuit current that is the amount of current that would flow if the IF line were shorted to ground The actual amount of current flowing into the mixer will be less ...

Page 108: ...o be measured with a spectrum analyzer Spectrum Analyzer Functions Used The ACP examples are applicable to spectrum analyzers with firmware revisions 930809 Earlier firmware revisions do include a limited amount of ACP functionality Its operation is similar to the ACP AUTO MEASURE function which is documented in Stepping Through a Basic ACP Measurement Two examples of adjacent channel power measur...

Page 109: ...4 0 kHz and a channel spacing requirement of 20 0 kHz as shown in Figure 2 53 For this example we will use the calibrator as the signal source You would normally provide a signal to the spectrum analyzer either by connecting a radio directly or by coupling a signal from the radio via an antenna CAUTION The maximum input to the spectrum analyzer should not exceed 30 dBm 1 W with greater than or equ...

Page 110: ... signal under test 1 Press PRESET on the spectrum analyzer to start the measurement from a defined preset state 2 Input the frequency of the transmitted carrier by pressing FREQUENCY CENTER FREQ and entering the center frequency of the carrier signal in this case 300 MHz for the calibrator signal 3 Press AMPLITUDE then the step down key once to set the signal reference level to 10 dBm ...

Page 111: ...HANNEL BANDWDTH and enter 14 0 kHz Press PREV MENU to return to the setup menu 4 Then press PREV MENU to return to the adjacent channel power menu of functions Now that the setup is complete you can activate the measurement 5 Press ACP AUTO MEASURE to activate the automatic adjacent channel power measurement ACP AUTO MEASURE reconfigures the measurement parameters optimizing the frequency span res...

Page 112: ...phical display of the adjacent channel power ratio for the selected channel bandwidth as a function of the channel spacing The ACP graph function is only available when using the analog or peak method A delta marker is activated with the reference marker at the center frequency and the marker spacing equal to the channel spacing Figure 2 55 ACP Graph Display The ACP graph lets you see how rapidly ...

Page 113: ...x and maximum adjacent channel power MAX ACP located in the display title area Figure 2 53 illustrates how the channel bandwidth and channel spacing parameters are defined For more detailed information regarding how an ACP measurement is determined refer to Adjacent Channel Power ACP Computations below The adjacent channel power measurement as performed by the spectrum analyzer using the analog me...

Page 114: ...ous wave CW signals but not if the signals are noise like Also some international standards for ACP measurements require the video bandwidth to be equal to the resolution bandwidth which prohibits rms detection while requiring the measurement to respond to the rms sum of all signals in the passband If the video bandwidth is set according to this standard the warning message will be displayed In ad...

Page 115: ... like as is the case for most digital modulations the optimum RL depends on the range of the logarithmic amplifier and other parameters The difference between the transmitter power and the optimum reference level is given by 1 where PTX is the total transmitted power RBW is the spectrum analyzer resolution bandwidth ChBW is the channel bandwidth RL is the reference level power note that the units ...

Page 116: ...WRef is the noise bandwidth for the resolution bandwidth in which DANL is specified the NBW is 1 055 times the resolution bandwidth for RBW less than or equal to 100 Hz Given this optimum attenuation and a 10 dB step size in the input attenuator choose the input attenuator in the range Adjacent Channel Power ACP Computations The analog method calculates ratios for the upper and lower adjacent chan...

Page 117: ...f the lower channel instead of x4 Likewise the power in the upper channel includes summation limits from x3 the left edge of the upper channel to x4 The ACP leakage ratio displayed as LOW lower channel is given in decibels as the dB difference between the total power transmitted PWR Tx and the power in the lower channel UP is computed similarly for the upper channel The edges of the adjacent chann...

Page 118: ... should not exceed 30 dBm 1 W with greater than or equal to 10 dB attenuation Table 2 5 Format Specifi cation Meas Method Channel Spacing Channel Bandwidth Alt Chnls Burst Period Burst Width Weighting Mobile Base NADC IS 54 Gated Analog 30 kHz 33 kHz 2 20 ms 6 43 ms COS PDC RCR 27B 2 BW Analog 50 kHz 21 kHz 1 20 ms 6 52 ms OFF PDC MKK Peak Analog 50 kHz 21 kHz 1 20 ms 6 52 ms OFF PHS RCR 28 Peak P...

Page 119: ...function is selected The normal setting is required to measure to the standard You can use faster measurement methods but the results would not agree completely with the standards Press PREV MENU 4 Press SPACING BANDWDTH and CHANNEL SPACING and set the spacing to 50 kHz Table 2 5 on page 118 shows the settings for some other formats 5 Press CHANNEL BANDWDTH and set the bandwidth to 21 kHz 6 Press ...

Page 120: ...10 kHz resolution bandwidth is not adequately selective for measurements Another difference is that the ratio Mr in the implementation is compensated to account for the fact that the peak response to noise exceeds the average response to noise by an amount that depends on the product of the noise bandwidth and the observation time the burst width Without this compensation the two bandwidth method ...

Page 121: ...l power according to the definition of standard RCR 28 Padj is the power measured in the adjacent channel using the peak method Pmain is the power measured in the main channel within the channel bandwidth using the peak method Pxmit is the total power measured in the transmitted burst That is the average power measured in a wide bandwidth while the burst is on Because the transmitter is specified ...

Page 122: ...nformation is applicable as of February 1995 The IS 54 standard requires a measurement method that we call the gated method In order to make time selective measurements an external TTL type trigger input is required when using the gated method If the device under test does not have a trigger output you can use the Agilent 85902A burst trigger adapter to provide a trigger This accessory is connecte...

Page 123: ...hannel Power Measurement In this implementation α and the edge of the dB region are compensated for the effects of a non zero resolution bandwidth filter on the effective weighting function Figure 2 56 Trigger Configuration for Gated Method Non Option 001 ...

Page 124: ...124 Chapter2 Making Measurements Example 9 Adjacent Channel Power Measurement Figure 2 57 Trigger Configuration for Gated Method Option 001 ...

Page 125: ...s off The measurement is made in zero span with a wide resolution bandwidth compared to the modulation when on Using Power Measurement Functions RMS Detection For most power measurements it is desireable to respond to signals in an RMS fasion This means that the power measured is accurately reported whether the signal contains tones noise or other signals If the spectrum analyzer is not configured...

Page 126: ...lly acts like a constant power because the phase is modulated not the amplitude So power detection is not required But if the On power shows considerable modulation such as with a QAM signal power detection is necessary The Off power is usually noise like thus requiring power detection Making Carrier On Power Measurements The carrier power measurement computes the average power during the time tha...

Page 127: ...me plus about 0 6 RBW Unlike the On power measurement case changing the averaging zone using triggering is not practical Some control may be exercised by changing the sweep time or resolution bandwidth Making CHAN PWR OVER BW Measurements The channel power function cumputes the sum of the power across the bandwidth centered at the center frequency specified by the CHPWR BW parameter RMS detection ...

Page 128: ...et the spectrum analyzer center frequency to the carrier frequency of the signal 3 Press AMPLITUDE and set the reference level a few dB higher than the expected carrier level 4 On the spectrum analyzer set Resolution bandwidth 100 kHz Video bandwidth 3 MHz Span 0 Hz Sweep time 40 ms for typical 20 ms burst period 5 Press MEAS USER CARRIER PWR MENU and AVG ON POWER Notice the carrier power value on...

Page 129: ...lified digital mobile radio signal in which two radios number 1 and number 2 are time sharing a single frequency channel Each radio transmits for 1 ms Figure 2 58 Simplified Digital Mobile Radio Signal in Time Domain What if you wanted to measure the unique frequency spectrum of each transmitter Unfortunately a traditional spectrum analyzer cannot perform that measurement By the time the spectrum ...

Page 130: ...gnals of the Radios Using the time gate capability and an external trigger signal you can see the separate spectrum of radio number one or radio number 2 if you wish and identify it as the source of the spurious signal shown as in Figure 2 60 and Figure 2 61 Figure 2 60 Time Gated Spectrum of Signal Number 1 ...

Page 131: ... the detected signal as shown in Figure 2 62 By opening and closing a switch relative to an externally supplied trigger signal the analyzer controls the times at which it captures measurement data Under the right conditions the only signals that the analyzer measures are those present at the input to the analyzer when the gate is on With the correct spectrum analyzer settings all other signals are...

Page 132: ...onsider a spectrum measurement performed on two pulsed RF signals You need to consider the timing interaction of three key signals that are present during this measurement The three signals are The pulsed RF signal under test The gate trigger signal supplied from the signal source The gate output signal available from a BNC connector on the rear panel of the spectrum analyzer This transistor trans...

Page 133: ...ly during some central part of the pulse Carefully avoid positioning the gate over the rising or falling pulse edges When gating is activated the gate output signal will indicate actual gate position in time as shown in the line labeled Gate Figure 2 63 Timing Relationship of Signals During Gating Now that you ve set up the spectrum analyzer to perform the gate measurement you ll see as shown if F...

Page 134: ...1 Moving the gate so that it is positioned over the middle of pulse train number 2 produces a result such as that shown in Figure 2 67 Here you see only the spectrum within the pulses of signal number 2 both signal number 1 and the pulse spectrum of signal number 2 are excluded Figure 2 66 Spectrum within pulse 2 ...

Page 135: ... between the filter shape of the resolution bandwidth filters compared with ideal filters and from the spectrum analyzer internal block diagram which takes the logarithm of the noise first and than averages it A gated measurement is also affected by these considerations and it uses peak detection rather than sample detection This adds additional inaccuracy because the peak value of the noise durin...

Page 136: ...ignal from the other port The other blocks represent a spectrum analyzer with time gating capability and a multi channel oscilloscope As shown in the previous section the oscilloscope is very useful for illustrating the timing interactions of the signals Instrument Connections Spectrum analyzer RF input the RF pulse train from the signal source Gate trigger input the TTL timing trigger signal from...

Page 137: ... Pulse Train This measurement example will give you a closer look at time gating and will show even more clearly the advantages of this measurement capability Because the example uses a simple pulsed RF signal with specific parameters and shows specific control settings you can duplicate the measurement using your own equipment The objective of this measurement is to eliminate the pulse spectrum a...

Page 138: ...yzer Settings Instrument Connections Pulse period 5 ms or pulse frequency equal to 200 Hz Mode norm Pulse width 4 ms High level HIL 5 V Waveform pulse Low level LOL 0 V Delay 0 or minimum Amplitude 5 V Offset 2 5 V Frequency 40 MHz Amplitude 0 dBm AM OFF PULSE ON modulation source set to EXT DC FM ON 1 kHz deviation FM MOD SOURCE INT MOD FREQUENCY 100 kHz RF ON Center frequency 40 MHz Span 500 kHz...

Page 139: ...EDGE Press GATE CTL EDGE LVL so that EDGE is underlined Gate polarity POS Press EDGE POL POS NEG so that POS is underlined Timebase 1 ms div Display Normal Number of screens 4 Persistence Minimum Channel 1 ON 4 V div OFFSET 2 V DC coupled 1 M Ω input connect to external trigger signal Adjust channel 1 settings as necessary Channel 2 ON 400 mV div OFFSET 0 V DC coupled 50 Ω input connect to the pul...

Page 140: ...t ON is underlined 3 Check the oscilloscope display and ensure that the gate is positioned under the pulse The gate should be set to be on around the third quarter of the pulse If necessary adjust gate length and gate delay See Figure 2 71 and Figure 2 72 for displays of the oscilloscope display and spectrum analyzer display when the gate is positioned correctly Figure 2 71 Oscilloscope Display ...

Page 141: ...at you are working with you can trigger the gate in one of two separate modes edge or level This gate trigger function is separate from the normal external trigger capability of the spectrum analyzer which initiates a sweep of a measurement trace based on an external TTL signal Edge Mode Edge mode lets you position the gate relative to either the rising or falling edge of a TTL trigger signal To t...

Page 142: ...as does the portion of the signal you want to measure When using level or edge mode you must set the sweep time resolution bandwidth and video bandwidth as described in Summary of Time Gated Measurement Procedure Stepping through a Time Gated Measurement The previous example showed you how to use time gating to measure a very specific signal But most signals requiring time gating are fairly comple...

Page 143: ...determine the following parameters Trigger type positive or negative edge of a TTL signal Pulse repetition interval PRI which is the length of time between trigger events Pulse width or τ If your signal is not pulsed as in this example τ could be as large as the PRI Signal delay SD which is the length of time occurring between the trigger event and when the signal is present and stable If your tri...

Page 144: ...e the approximate frequency and span in which to display the signal of interest If the signal is erratic or intermittent you may want to press TRACE MAX HOLD A to determine the frequency of peak energy Set SPAN narrow enough to show the signal characteristics that you want to measure For example if you wanted to look for spurious signals within a 200 kHz frequency range you might set the frequency...

Page 145: ... relatively late within the signal of interest but without extending the gate over the trailing pulse edge or signal transition Doing so maximizes setup time and provides the resolution bandwidth filters of the spectrum analyzer the most time to settle before a gated measurement is made Relatively late in this case means allowing a setup time of greater than 2 divided by the resolution bandwidth A...

Page 146: ...spectrum occurring between pulses you should use the same or longer setup time after the pulse goes away but before the gate goes on This lets the resolution bandwidth filters fully discharge the large pulse before the measurement is made on the low level interpulse signal Figure 2 77 Setup Time for Interpulse Measurement 5 Adjust the resolution bandwidth and video bandwidth Adjust the resolution ...

Page 147: ...r the analyzer is exposed to a pulsed signal Although the charge up is asymptotic you can consider it to be complete after the length of time defined by two divided by resolution bandwidth where the resolution bandwidth is the 3 dB resolution bandwidth being used Because setup time should be greater than filter charge times be sure that or where in this example RBW is greater than 2 1 5 ms that is...

Page 148: ...e in doubt about the proper video bandwidth to choose set it to 1 MHz and reduce it gradually until the detected signal level drops slightly Then reset it to the value it was at just before the signal dropped Leave both RBW and VBW in MANUAL mode not AUTO this is important so that they will not change if SPAN is changed Press the BW front panel key then press RES BW or VID BW once or twice until M...

Page 149: ... test on the display of the spectrum analyzer Set the center frequency and span so that you can view the signal characteristics in which you are interested 4 Activate the gate turn the gate on and position the gate over the part of the signal that you want to measure by adjusting gate control gate delay gate length and sweep delay Determine the setup time SUT You will need to use an oscilloscope t...

Page 150: ...e gating captures the pulse If the gate delay is too short or too long the gating can miss the pulse or include resolution bandwidth transient responses Gate Length The gate length is equal to one fourth the pulse width Gate Length τ 4 If the gate length is too long the signal display can include transients caused by the spectrum analyzer filters Video Bandwidth Set the video bandwidth to a value ...

Page 151: ...ettings for Known Pulse Width τ and Zero Signal Delay Pulse width τ Gate Delay SD τ 2 Resolution Bandwidth 2 SUT Gate Length τ 4 Video Bandwidth 1 gate length 4 µs 3 µs 1 MHz 1 µs 1 MHz 10 µs 5 µs 1 MHz 3 µs 1 MHz 50 µs 25 µs 100 kHz 13 µs 100 kHz 63 5 µs 32 µs 100 kHz 16 µs 100 kHz 100 µs 50 µs 100 kHz 25 µs 100 kHz 500 µs 250 µs 10 kHz 125 µs 10 kHz 1 ms 500 µs 10 kHz 250 µs 10 kHz 5 ms 2 5 ms 1...

Page 152: ...s extending below the peak trace amplitude Sweep rate too fast to ensure at least one gate occurrence per trace point Increase sweep time until dropouts disappear Erratic analyzer trace with dropouts that are not removed by increasing analyzer sweep time oscilloscope view of gate output signal jumps erratically in time domain GATE DLY may be greater than trigger repetition interval Reduce GATE DLY...

Page 153: ...andwidth or video bandwidth or both Display changed drastically during operation Gate functions have been turned off by changing detector path For example activating the marker noise function MKRNOISE ON OFF changes the detector path Do not change the detector path during the measurement Table 2 9 If You Have a Problem with the Time Gated Measurement Symptom Possible Cause Suggested Solution ...

Page 154: ...pe of an RF or microwave signal as shown in Figure 2 80 The zero span display represents the power detected at the center frequency of the analyzer within the bandwidth of the resolution bandwidth filter Figure 2 80 Pulsed RF Signal in Time Domain In both the time and frequency domains the measurement sweep is initiated following a valid sweep trigger condition The sweep trigger can be set by pres...

Page 155: ...s and the only adjustment that can be made is to increase or decrease the length of the sweep A spectrum analyzer can show a zero span display but if the spectrum analyzer is not using a sweep delay the amount of detail that can be seen for events that do not occur immediately after the trigger event is limited See Figure 2 81 for an example of a zero span display of an RF pulse that occurs 48 ms ...

Page 156: ...ay of Zero Span without Sweep Delay The sweep delay functions DLY SWP and DLY SWP ON OFF allow you to delay the start of a measurement sweep by up to 65 ms after a trigger signal is received This lets you zoom in on the event of interest as shown in Figure 2 82 Figure 2 82 Display of Zero Span with Sweep Delay ...

Page 157: ... 4 Connect the TTL trigger signal from the device under test to the BNC connector labeled EXT GATE TRIG INPUT 5 Press TRIG and then press EXTERNAL 6 Press SWEEP 7 Press DLY SWP and then use the data keys or knob to enter the sweep delay 8 Press DLY SWP ON OFF so that ON is underlined 9 Set the sweep time so that the duration of the signal is less than the sweep time The sweep delay functions allow...

Page 158: ...omponents making up the pulsed RF signal This is called the narrow band mode When the resolution bandwidth is wide compared to the pulse repetition frequency it is the broadband mode The envelope of the spectrum can be seen traced out by pulse lines which are separated by the pulse repetition frequency Stepping Through Pulsed RF Measurements Broadband Mode 1 Connect a signal source to the spectrum...

Page 159: ...ecomes a solid line see Figure 2 84 If this line does not fill in the instrument is not in broadband mode in which case the following procedures for side lobe ratio pulse width and peak pulse power do not apply For further reference consult Agilent Technologies Application Note 150 2 entitled Pulsed RF literature number 5954 2705 Figure 2 83 Main Lobe and Side Lobes ...

Page 160: ...enter Frequency Sidelobe Ratio and Pulse Width 1 For a pulsed RF signal the center frequency is at the center of the main lobe see Figure 2 85 To identify this frequency simply use the spectrum analyzer peak search function The marker also reads the main lobe amplitude Figure 2 85 Center Frequency at Center of Main Lobe ...

Page 161: ...width is also easy to identify The pulse width is the reciprocal of the frequency difference between two envelope peaks To determine this difference continuing from the last procedure press MARKER DELTA and NEXT PK RIGHT then press MKR and MARKER 1 DELTA 4 The pulse width is equal to the time value displayed in the active function block on the spectrum analyzer screen as in Figure 2 87 For best pu...

Page 162: ...To measure PRI set the span to 0 Hz and adjust amplitude of the main lobe to the reference level 2 Set the amplitude scale to linear and readjust the signal so that it is on screen 3 Decrease the sweep time that is the sweep becomes faster until the display resembles Figure 2 88 4 Select the single trigger mode by pressing SGL SWP 5 Press PEAK SEARCH MARKER DELTA and NEXT PK RIGHT or NEXT PK LEFT ...

Page 163: ...e the main lobe amplitude accurately The difference between the peak pulse power and the main lobe amplitude is called pulse desensitization The term pulse desensitization can be somewhat misleading because pulsed signals do not reduce spectrum analyzer sensitivity Rather apparent desensitization occurs because the power of a pulsed continuous wave CW carrier is distributed over a number of spectr...

Page 164: ...164 Chapter2 Making Measurements Example 13 Making Pulsed RF Measurements ...

Page 165: ...165 3 Softkey Menus ...

Page 166: ...RM REF LVL when NORMLIZE ON OFF is set to ON Available only with internal mixing when set to external mixing this key is not available Not available for an Agilent 8563E EC Agilent 8564E EC or Agilent 8565E EC Available only when NORMLIZE ON OFF is set to ON Not available for an Agilent 8560E EC ...

Page 167: ...Chapter 3 167 Softkey Menus Menu Trees Figure 3 2 AUTO COUPLE Menu Tree Available only with internal mixing ...

Page 168: ...IXER softkey is available the softkeys accessed by INTERNAL MIXER are not available EXTERNAL MIXER is not shown for an 8560E EC with Option 002 installed and is non functional for Option 327 Signal identification functions are only available in non preselected external mixing mode with firmware revisions 920528 or with Option 008 installed This key changes to MARKER DELTA if the marker delta funct...

Page 169: ...tion is only available with firmware revisions 920528 or with Option 008 installed This key is displayed only if unpreselected external mixing is selected EXT MXR PRE UNPR is set to UNPR and is not displayed if external mixing is set to PRE This key is displayed only if preselected external mixing is selected EXT MXR PRE UNPR is set to PRE This key changes to MARKER DELTA if the marker delta funct...

Page 170: ...170 Chapter3 Softkey Menus Menu Trees Figure 3 5 AUX CTRL 3 of 3 Key Menu Tree Figure 3 6 BW Key Menu ...

Page 171: ...F LVL ADJ is pressed These functions are only available with firmware revisions 930809 The CRT ADJ PATTERN key activates a pattern on the screen which is used for adjusting the quadrature of the display This pattern will appear in both E series and EC series instruments However EC series instruments do not require adjustment and are not adjustable ...

Page 172: ...ith Option 002 installed in it and non functional for instruments with Option 327 Both E series and EC series instruments appear as E series in the instrument display when the DATECODE OPTIONS key is pressed EC series instruments also appear as Option 007 instruments Option 007 is the FADC option which is standard in EC series instruments ...

Page 173: ...ORE INTENSTY if INTENSTY is pressed E series instruments are adjustable However EC series instruments do not require adjustment and are not adjustable Changes to STORE FOCUS if FOCUS is pressed E Series instruments are adjustable However EC series instruments do not require adjustment and are not adjustable ...

Page 174: ...tkey Menus Menu Trees Figure 3 11 FREQ COUNT Key Menu Figure 3 12 FREQUENCY Key Menu Tree Figure 3 13 HOLD Key MORE 1 OF 2 is displayed under FREQUENCY only on spectrum analyzers with firmware revision 960401 and later ...

Page 175: ...ectrum analyzers with firmware revisions 930809 have fewer power and adjacent channel power ACP functions See the following figure for ACP setup menus The SPAN softkey is displayed if the markers are not active Present only when this menu is accessed from the occupied power menu ...

Page 176: ...oftkey Menus Menu Trees Figure 3 15 ACP MENU Key Menu Tree Figure 3 16 MKR Key Menu The ACP MENU softkey is under the MEAS USER key See the preceding figure For firmware revisions 930809 For firmware revisions 930809 ...

Page 177: ...eys if the Agilent 85620A mass memory module is attached to the spectrum analyzer See the Agilent 85620A documentation for more information about these softkeys MODULE accesses these additional softkeys if the Agilent 85629B test and adjustment module TAM is attached to the spectrum analyzer See the Agilent 85629B documentation for more information about these softkeys The Agilent 85629B is not co...

Page 178: ...178 Chapter3 Softkey Menus Menu Trees Figure 3 19 PEAK SEARCH Key Menu Tree Figure 3 20 PRESET Key Changes to MARKER NORMAL if the spectrum analyzer is in zero span or MARKER DELTA is active ...

Page 179: ...ter 3 179 Softkey Menus Menu Trees Figure 3 21 RECALL Key Menu Tree Available only with internal mixing above 2 9 GHz Available with preselected external mixing Available with internal mixing above 2 9 GHz ...

Page 180: ...0 Chapter3 Softkey Menus Menu Trees Figure 3 22 SAVE Key Menu Tree Figure 3 23 SGL SWP Key Figure 3 24 SPAN Key Menu Available with preselected external mixing Available with internal mixing above 2 9 GHz ...

Page 181: ...ees Figure 3 25 SWEEP Key Menu Tree Figure 3 26 TRACE Key Menu Tree Figure 3 27 TRIG Key Menu This softkey is blanked if GATE CTL EDGE LVL is set to level LVL This softkey becomes LVL POL POS NEG if GATE CTL EDGE LVL is set to level LVL ...

Page 182: ...182 Chapter3 Softkey Menus Menu Trees ...

Page 183: ...183 4 Key Function Descriptions ...

Page 184: ...of amplitude units ATTEN AUTO MAN AMPLITUDE Adjusts the spectrum analyzer input attenuator that is either coupled to the reference level AUTO or adjusted manually MAN CENTER FREQ FREQUENCY Activates the center frequency function and sets the spectrum analyzer to center frequency span mode CF 2 CF FREQUENCY Sets the center frequency of the spectrum analyzer to the currently displayed center frequen...

Page 185: ...E Selects the linear amplitude scale LOG dB DIV AMPLITUDE Selects a 1 2 5 or 10 dB logarithmic amplitude scale MAX MXR LEVEL AMPLITUDE Selects the maximum mixer level seen at the input mixer for signals at or below the reference level NORM REF LVL AMPLITUDE Activates the normalized reference level permitting an offset to be introduced to the displayed trace NORM REF POSN AMPLITUDE Adjusts the norm...

Page 186: ...elects watts as the display amplitude units ZERO SPAN SPAN Sets the span to 0 Hz This displays the input signal in an amplitude versus time mode which is especially useful for viewing modulation Table 4 2 Instrument State Functions Instrument State Keys Access Key Description ALT CHANNELS MEAS USER Selects the number of pairs of alternate channels for an ACP measurement MARKER OCC BW MEAS USER Cal...

Page 187: ...nt trace data without changing the instrument state settings ACP MENU MEAS USER Accesses the adjacent channel power ACP menu of softkeys that measure the adjacent channel power ratio of a transmitter ACP GRAPH ON OFF MEAS USER Displays a graphical representation of the adjacent channel power ACP ratio for the selected channel bandwidth as a function of the channel spacing ACP STATE DFL CURR MEAS U...

Page 188: ...s you to enter new conversion loss data AVG OFF POWER MEAS USER Measures the power of the carrier when the burst is off AVG ON POWER MEAS USER Measures the power of the carrier when the burst is on BW CONFIG Selects a monochromatic printer configuration for use with COPY BIAS AUX CTRL Displays a menu of functions for selecting external mixer bias for unpreselected external mixers BIAS OFF AUX CTRL...

Page 189: ...ACP measurement CHPWR BW MEAS USER Sets the channel power bandwidth for adjacent channel power ACP measurements CNV LOSS VS FREQ AUX CTRL Displays the conversion loss for a specific frequency in the current band COLOR CONFIG Selects the HP PaintJet or compatible color printer configuration for use with COPY CONFIG Accesses a menu of functions used to configure a plotter and a printer as hard copy ...

Page 190: ... EXIT RESTORE MEAS USER Exits the ACP menu turning off the function and restoring the previous spectrum analyzer state EXIT ACP MEAS USER Exits the adjacent channel power measurement menu EXIT AMPCOR CAL Exits the amplitude correction menu EXT MXR PRE UNPR CONFIG Selects either preselected or unpreselected external mixing mode Non functional in Option 327 EXTERNAL MIXER AUX CTRL Accesses a menu of...

Page 191: ...st local oscillator frequency corresponding to the current start frequency LOCK HARMONIC AUX CTRL Displays the number of the harmonic currently used to sweep the selected frequency band Only frequencies and spans that fall within the frequency band of the current harmonic may be entered LOCK ON OFF AUX CTRL Turns the harmonic lock on and off When it is on it performs the same function as LOCK HARM...

Page 192: ...ments on and off An N appears on the left side of the display when this function is active OCCUPIED MEAS USER Enters the desired percentage of occupied power for an occupied bandwidth measurement OCCUPIED BANDWDTH MEAS USER Integrates the power displayed and returns the bandwidth containing the selected percent of the total displayed power OCCUPIED PWR MENU MEAS USER Accesses the occupied power ba...

Page 193: ...esses the power measurements including occupied power bandwidth channel power and carrier power POWER ON RECALL Sets the instrument state to the state stored in the power on register PRESEL AUTO PK AUX CTRL Automatically peaks the preselector for the selected signal on a trace PRESEL MAN ADJ AUX CTRL Permits manual adjustment of the preselector Peak the preselector using the data keys the step key...

Page 194: ... IN OUT RECALL Accesses a menu of functions that recall instrument data RECALL AMPCOR CAL Recalls a previously stored table of amplitude correction ampcor points RECALL ERRORS RECALL Displays the last error that has occurred Use the step keys to cycle through accumulated errors RECALL OPN SHRT AUX CTRL Recalls the stored averaged open short calibration data into trace B and sets the instrument to ...

Page 195: ...RACE B SAVE Displays a menu of eight registers for storing trace contents SAVELOCK ON OFF SAVE When this function is on the data in the state and trace registers cannot be erased or overwritten No new data may be entered into the registers until this function is turned off SCROLL CORR PTS CAL Allows you to scroll through the list of ampcor amplitude correction points SGL SWP Initiates one sweep an...

Page 196: ...d sweep time equation for stimulus response SR measurements or for spectrum analyzer SA measurements When SR mode is selected an E appears on the left side of the display TRACKING GENRATOR AUX CTRL Accesses a menu of tracking generator functions TRACKING PEAK AUX CTRL Adjusts the coarse and fine tracking adjustments to peak the tracking generator response on the spectrum analyzer display automatic...

Page 197: ...increments equal to the step size MARKER REF LVL MKR Sets the reference level equal to the amplitude of the marker MARKER 1 DELTA MKR Sets the marker readout to a frequency equal to the reciprocal of the delta value For use with zero span mode MARKER DELTA FREQ COUNT MKR PEAK SEARCH Reads the difference in amplitude and in frequency or time when the span equals 0 Hz and displays these values MARKE...

Page 198: ...xt peak to the right of the current marker position PEAK EXCURSN PEAK SEARCH Defines what constitutes a peak on a trace The selected value specifies the amount that a trace must increase then decrease in order to be a peak PEAK SEARCH Places a marker at the highest point on a trace and accesses a menu of marker functions PEAK SEARCH FREQ COUNT Places a marker on the highest point on a trace and di...

Page 199: ...n places traces A and B in the view mode ALL AUTO COUPLE Couples all AUTO functions resolution bandwidth video bandwidth sweep time input attenuation center frequency step size and amplitude units ANNOT HELP DISPLAY Displays descriptions of the annunciators that appear on the left hand side of the screen indicating which functions are turned on or off ANNOT ON OFF DISPLAY Switches the display anno...

Page 200: ... and negative peaks when the presence of noise is detected and displays positive peaks otherwise DETECTOR POS PEAK TRACE Selects positive peak detection of the video signal and places a D on the left side of the display DETECTOR SAMPLE TRACE Samples the video signal and places a D on the left side of the display DISPLAY Accesses a menu of display related functions DLY SWP SWEEP Delays the start of...

Page 201: ...e length of time from the trigger until the gate is turned on GATE LEN SWEEP Controls the length of time that the gate is on when using edge triggering GATE ON OFF SWEEP Turns the gate function on and off GATED VIDEO SWEEP Accesses the menu of functions for setting gate parameters GRAT ON OFF DISPLAY Turns the display graticule on and off INTENSITY DISPLAY Permits changing the display intensity on...

Page 202: ...selected character in the active block to appear in the next available position of the title SPACE DISPLAY Places a blank space in the next available character position in the title SWEEP Activates the sweep time function and accesses a menu of sweep related function SWEEP CONT SGL SWEEP TRIG Allows you to select continuous sweep or single sweep mode SWP TIME AUTO MAN AUTO COUPLE SWEEP Adjusts the...

Page 203: ...raging on and off When on it smoothes the trace by averaging successive traces VIDEO TRIG Sets the trigger to video mode Sweep triggers occur whenever the input signal passes through the video trigger level with the selected slope When this mode is selected a T appears on the left side of the display VIDEO BW AUTO MAN AUTO COUPLE BW Adjusts the video bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer The video ba...

Page 204: ...S USER ALT CHANNELS Allows you to select the number of pairs of alternate channels to be measured in addition to the adjacent channels Selecting a zero makes the measurement with the adjacent channel pair but no alternate channels A 1 selects the first alternate channel pair which is centered at 2 times the channel spacing away from the center frequency of the main channel A 2 selects the second a...

Page 205: ...made one in each of the two resolution bandwidths and positive peak detection is used This method supports 1993 RCR standards for PDC systems The algorithm used for this method assumes that the power in the adjacent channels consists of two types of power impulsive power transients due to enabling and disabling the carrier power and random power noise like signals due to the intermodulation of noi...

Page 206: ...N OUT on the rear panel An X displayed on the left edge of the display denotes external reference mode Front panel key access AUX CTRL NOTE If an external frequency reference is selected but not supplied to the rear panel hardware error messages are displayed Refer to the Chapter 8 for more information A B AON OFF Turns the trace math function A B A ON or OFF When this function is ON the contents ...

Page 207: ... is increased by a factor of two faster acceleration or four fastest acceleration above that used in normal analog measurements The center frequency of the spectrum analyzer is shifted to compensate for the expected shift in effective center frequency from the faster sweep rate The amplitude of the transmitted power result is modified to compensate for its expected variation with sweep rate Compen...

Page 208: ...he sweep time is further decreased by a factor of two 2BW METHOD The faster acceleration mode is not available The fastest acceleration changes the two bandwidth method to the burst power method The burst power method is much faster and it provides results that are equivalent with less than 0 10 dB difference BURSTPWR METHOD No acceleration is available GATED METHOD The faster acceleration mode is...

Page 209: ...Front panel key access MEAS USER ACCELRAT NORMAL Selects the normal measurement speed The measurement speed is limited by the requirements of the standard The technique for making the measurement is in accordance with the applicable standards committee documents for the chosen method No speed up techniques are used therefore there is no additional measurement error due to the use of speed up techn...

Page 210: ...tter intended center frequency The reference level should be set to optimize the displayed range to minimize the number of data points above the top or below the bottom of the range of the chosen display scale The display scale should be set to LOG 10 dB division The input attenuator should be set to optimize the tradeoff between analyzer induced third order intermodulation distortion products and...

Page 211: ...ter that is causing the warning will also be displayed The instrument state messages that may be displayed are RBW 300 kHz VBW 10 RBW DETECTOR MODE MIN HOLD MAX HOLD VIDEO AVERAGE Even though a warning message with an invalid instrument state parameter was indicated the measurement is still made and the results are displayed in the active function area If an invalid instrument state parameter is s...

Page 212: ...softkeys that measures the adjacent channel power ratio of a transmitter The softkeys that are accessed by ACP MENU are ACP AUTO MEASURE ACP COMPUTE ACPGRAPH ON OFF and ACP SETUP Front panel key access MEAS USER ACP SETUP Accesses the ACP setup functions Many different measurement parameters can be set from this menu Some of the parameters are interactive Changing one parameter can change other pa...

Page 213: ...hat is the same as that for the spectrum trace or the frequency span divided by 10 divisions The ACP graph is not defined for channel spacings where the graph is drawn at the bottom graticule line For these points the channel bandwidth would include frequencies beyond the edges of the screen where no data was taken Front panel key access MEAS USER Figure 4 2 ACP Graph Display ACPSTATE DFL CURR All...

Page 214: ... is displayed in the message Front panel key access CAL AGC ON OFF Switches automatic gain control AGC ON or OFF AGC keeps the volume relatively constant during AM demodulation AGC operates only during AM demodulation and when the frequency span is greater than 0 Hz Front panel key access AUX CTRL ALC INT EXT For Option 002 only Activates internal INT leveling or external EXT leveling The external...

Page 215: ...creen When the span is equal to 0 Hz the displayed bandwidth is used In either case the video bandwidth is not applied to the demodulation Front panel key access AUX CTRL AM FM DEMOD Accesses a menu of demodulation functions which are as follows AM DEMOD ON OFF FM DEMOD ON OFF MARKER NORMAL or MARKER DELTA PEAK SEARCH and NEXT PEAK When AM or FM demodulation is activated the demodulated signal is ...

Page 216: ...cor function may not properly correct it The spectrum analyzer amplitude accuracy is not specified above or below the graticule Anytime ampcor applies a correction such that data outside the graticule is moved to within the graticule an error error number 921 or 922 is generated In order to avoid these errors make sure that the trace data which is being corrected is within the graticule before the...

Page 217: ...sing the data keys and pressing ENTER the step keys or the knob You should press STORE HPIB ADR once the GPIB address has been entered If you do not press STORE HPIB ADR the redefined GPIB address is retained if PRESET is pressed but not if the power to the spectrum analyzer is turned off Front panel key access CONFIG ANNOT HELP Defines the annunciators that appear in the special functions area at...

Page 218: ...justed so that the maximum signal amplitude at the input mixer is 10 dBm or less For example if the reference level is 23 dBm the attenuation is 40 dB for an input of 17 dBm at the mixer 23 40 17 This prevents signal compression To adjust the input attenuator set ATTEN AUTO MAN to MAN A line under AUTO or MAN indicates whether the attenuator is coupled AUTO or in manual mode MAN When the input att...

Page 219: ...ier during the time that the carrier is off The measurement should be made in zero span The resolution bandwidth should be nearly as wide as or wider than the modulation bandwidth during the on time of the pulse The off time is determined by the transitions through a power level 20 dB below the peak level Trace data following a trailing edge or preceding a leading edge is used except when it is cl...

Page 220: ... are BIAS OFF POSITIVE BIAS and NEGATIVE BIAS Front panel key access AUX CTRL CAUTION External mixers that require bias may be damaged by the open circuit bias voltage that can be as great as 3 5 V through a source resistance of 300 ohms Such voltage may appear when recalling an instrument state in which an active bias has been stored NOTE The bias value that appears on the spectrum analyzer displ...

Page 221: ...power ratio between the main and adjacent channels without peak weighting or assumptions about phase relationships Front panel key access MEAS USER BW Accesses the bandwidth functions menu RES BW AUTO MAN VIDEO BW AUTO MAN VBW RBW RATIO RBW SPAN RATIO and VID AVG ON OFF BW also activates the resolution bandwidth function Front panel key access BW CAL Displays all menus related to calibration and d...

Page 222: ...to the center frequency span mode CENTER FREQ can be adjusted using the data keys the step keys or the knob If a selected center frequency is not compatible with the current span the span is adjusted to the nearest value that will accommodate the desired frequency Front panel key access FREQUENCY CF 2 CF Sets the center frequency of the spectrum analyzer to the currently displayed center frequency...

Page 223: ...ency is at 300 MHz pressing the step key increases the center frequency to 600 MHz which is equal to the second harmonic Pressing the STEP key again increases the center frequency by another 300 MHz to 900 MHz CF STEP AUTO MAN indicates whether the step size is in a coupled AUTO or manual MAN mode When the step size is in manual mode pressing CF STEP AUTO MAN returns the function to coupled mode F...

Page 224: ... the data keys the step keys or the knob Front panel key access MEAS USER CHPWR BW Allows you to set the channel power bandwidth This is the frequency span over which the channel power is computed It can be adjusted using the data keys the step keys or the knob The CHAN PWR OVER BW softkey uses this bandwidth for its calculation of channel power Changing this parameter does not change the channel ...

Page 225: ... color printer or compatible device for use by the COPY key Front panel key access CONFIG CONFIG Accesses a menu of settings that allow information shown on the instrument s display to be copied to an external GPIB printer or plotter Under this menu the analyzer GPIB address can be changed and external mixing set to preselected or unpreselected Table 4 5 Flatness Points and Conversion Losses for E...

Page 226: ...the active function area of the display when executing any plot function and there are no other errors the plotter is not connected to the GPIB Check that the GPIB cable between the spectrum analyzer and plotter is functional and that the plotter is turned on If the CONNECT PLOTTER message appears and either ERR 109 CtrlFail or ERR 110 NOT CTRL are displayed the spectrum analyzer is not able to ta...

Page 227: ...lyzer from damaging dc signals It also limits the lower frequency range response to 100 kHz although the analyzer will tune down to 0 Hz with signal attenuation Front panel key access AMPLITUDE CRT ADJ PATTERN Displays a fixed pattern of lines and characters on the screen each of which is used in setting the various adjustments in display hardware such as vertical gain focus and so on that are ava...

Page 228: ...228 Chapter4 Key Function Descriptions Key Descriptions Figure 4 3 CRT Alignment Pattern ...

Page 229: ...the 8560E EC valid options are Option 001 Second IF output Option 002 Built in tracking generator Option 005 Alternate sweep output Option 008 Signal Identification Option 103 Delete precision frequency reference Option 104 Delete Agilent 85620A Option 327 Delete IF input and video output Option 007 Fast time domain sweeps E series only For the Agilent 8561E EC and Agilent 8562E EC valid options a...

Page 230: ...64E EC valid options are Option 001 Second IF output Option 005 Alternate sweep output Option 006 Frequency extension down to 30 Hz Option 008 Signal Identification Option 103 Delete precision frequency reference Option 104 Delete Agilent 85620A Option 007 Fast time domain sweeps E series only For the Agilent 8565E EC valid options are Option 001 Second IF output Option 005 Alternate sweep output ...

Page 231: ...are no correction points in the list or if the currently selected point is a new point past the end of the list no action is taken Front panel key access CAL DEMOD TIME Adjusts the duration of demodulation between successive sweeps when the span is greater than 0 Hz The time ranges from 0 1 seconds to 60 seconds the default value is 1 second When the frequency span equals 0 Hz demodulation is cont...

Page 232: ...e Peak Good for making sure you do not miss any fast signal peaks Good for seeing signals that are very close to the noise floor Shows a noise floor that is slightly higher than the actual noise floor Negative Peak Mostly used for troubleshooting the spectrum analyzer and not for making measurements Gives a good representation of the modulation envelope for an AM modulated signal Normal Used for m...

Page 233: ...the display including setting the intensity and focus turning the display line and threshold line on and off turning the graticule and annotation on and off and entering a screen title Front panel key access DISPLAY DLY SWP Delays the start of the sweep until the specified time elapses after the trigger event With Option 007 the delay can be set to start the sweep before the trigger event when usi...

Page 234: ... the new menu Current correction data is displayed The knob and the step keys can be used to scroll through the correction points If correction data is available when the edit ampcor function is activated amplitude correction is turned on the correction is applied to the displayed trace and the data is available for editing If there are no current correction points the function is not turned on un...

Page 235: ...ists The knob and step keys are inactive during edit frequency The list of frequency amplitude correction pairs is sorted according to frequency as soon as a frequency entry has been terminated The currently selected correction point remains as the frequency which has just been entered A maximum of 200 correction points can be entered You may have a frequency point that must be corrected with diff...

Page 236: ...nt panel key access CAL EXT MXR PRE UNPR Not available with an 8560E EC Option 002 and non functional in instruments with Option 327 Selects either preselected external mixing mode or unpreselected external mixing mode This softkey sets the external mixer type but does not select external mixing Select external mixing with the EXTERNAL MIXER softkey under AUX CTRL If the preselected external mixer...

Page 237: ... Available only with internal mixing of signals 2 9 GHz Restores the factory preselector peaking data and makes this data the current preselector data This data is stored in the factory data table and can only be changed by service personnel For more information on the preselector data tables refer to the RECALL PRSEL PK softkey Front panel key access RECALL FFT MEAS Performs a discrete Fourier tr...

Page 238: ... time The aliasing can be reduced by using a narrower resolution or video bandwidth Front panel key access MEAS USER FM DEMOD ON OFF Not available in normalized mode Turns FM demodulation ON or OFF If no marker is active and the frequency span is greater than 0 Hz pressing FM DEMOD ON OFF automatically places a marker at the center of the trace and demodulates the frequency at that marker position...

Page 239: ...gnals that are displayed on the screen Thus counter accuracy is lost when using MARKER DELTA when the anchor marker is off the screen or when either marker is not on a signal All signal counting is done during the retrace time of the sweep FREQ COUNT uses the same marker priority as described under the MARKER NORMAL softkey FREQ COUNT cannot be used on traces that are being viewed in stimulus resp...

Page 240: ...enter frequency function when the spectrum analyzer is in the center frequency span mode If the analyzer is in start frequency stop frequency mode the start frequency is activated Front panel key access FREQUENCY FULL BAND Allows you to select a commonly used external mixing frequency band above 18 GHz These bands are shown in Undefined Cross Reference Use the step keys or the knob to select a des...

Page 241: ...gate length are not functional Front panel key access SWEEP GATE DLY Controls the length of time from the trigger until the gate is turned on The second line of the softkey indicates the current setting of the gate delay Front panel key access SWEEP GATE LEN Controls the length of time that the gate is on when using edge triggering to control the gate The second line of the softkey indicates the c...

Page 242: ...er is found by the power difference between an ungated measurement and a gated measurement This method supports TIA EIA IS 54 NADC TDMA measurements Front panel key access MEAS USER GATED VIDEO Accesses the menu of functions for setting gate parameters Front panel key access SWEEP HOLD Clears the active function area and the current softkey menu from the display and expands the display horizontall...

Page 243: ...y access CAL INTENSTY Changes the intensity of the display on E series instruments Press INTENSTY then use the data keys the step keys or the knob to adjust the intensity The intensity ranges from 1 to 255 the current value appears in the active function block When INTENSTY is pressed STORE INTEN appears on the menu Press STORE INTEN to store the new intensity value in nonvolatile memory EC series...

Page 244: ...r amplitude scale Measurements using a linear scale are normally read in millivolts but other units can be selected See the UNITS softkey description Front panel key access AMPLITUDE LOCK HARMONIC Displays and locks to the current harmonic number A harmonic number refers to the local oscillator harmonic that is used to sweep a specific external mixing frequency band These numbers are shown in Tabl...

Page 245: ...ed band appears on the display Front panel key access AUX CTRL LO FREQ Displays the first local oscillator frequency corresponding to the current start frequency Front panel key access CAL LOGdB DIV Selects a 1 2 5 or 10 dB logarithmic amplitude scale The default value is 10 dB division 1 dB per division and 5 dB per division scales are not available in fast zero span sweep times less than 30 ms A...

Page 246: ... generator oscillator manually using the step keys or knob The tracking adjust is tuned to maximize the amplitude of the trace Once activated either the coarse or fine adjustment can be made COARSE TRACK ADJ can be adjusted in digital to analog converter DAC values from 0 to 255 using the step keys or data keys FINE TRACK ADJ can be adjusted from 0 to 255 DAC values using the knob Tracking error o...

Page 247: ...ays the reciprocal of the frequency or time difference between two markers in the active function block and in the upper right corner of the display If two markers are on and the frequency span is greater than 0 Hz MARKER 1 DELTA displays the difference between the two markers in time If two markers are on and the frequency span is equal to 0 Hz MARKER 1 DELTA reads the difference in frequency You...

Page 248: ...f two markers are on as in MARKER DELTA mode MARKER NORMAL deletes the anchor marker and makes the active one the new single marker The marker reads the amplitude and the frequency or the relative time when the frequency span equals 0 Hz and displays these values in the active function block and in the upper right corner of the display To move the marker use either the knob the step keys or the da...

Page 249: ...ep key If the signal peak shifts more than 1 dB the signal is in compression In this case continue to increase the attenuation until the peak moves less than 1 dB between steps then decrease the attenuation one step Front panel key access AMPLITUDE MEAS USER Accesses the softkey functions that perform automatic measurements and user defined function fast Fourier transform FFT occupied power bandwi...

Page 250: ...ement of burst carriers For this method the sweep time is set to 600 times the burst period There are 600 measurement cells per sweep so this sets one burst RF cycle per measurement cell This method supports 1993 MKK standard for PDC systems and the 1993 RCR standards for PHP systems 2BW METHOD Two bandwidth transient and random peak measurement for TDMA This method is meant for use with burst sig...

Page 251: ...STPWR METHOD Burst power transient and random peak average power measurement This method performs a measurement and computation to find the impulsive and random powers similar to the two bandwidth method but using a different and faster technique It also uses an rms responding technique to compute a true power ratio between the main and adjacent channels without peak weighting or assumptions about...

Page 252: ...ront panel key access MKR MKR Accesses four different menus of marker functions The menu that is accessed depends on the frequency span of the spectrum analyzer and if the marker is in the normal mode or the delta mode These marker functions allow the user to use the marker as a reference for changing analyzer settings Front panel key access MKR MKR CF Sets the center frequency of the spectrum ana...

Page 253: ...nction to measure power in a channel The MKR CHPWR BW softkey can be used to change the desired channel power bandwidth to the frequency difference between the two markers that are currently on the signal The MKR MEAN CF is then used to center this bandwidth on the display Front panel key access MEAS USER MKR SPAN Sets the frequency span to the delta frequency value allowing you to span down quick...

Page 254: ...rker and not on the anchor marker When MKR NOISE ON OFF is ON the sample detector mode is initiated This is the most appropriate detector mode for making noise measurements Turning off the active marker also turns off MKRNOISE ON OFF and returns the detector mode to its previous setting Front panel key access MKR MODULE Gives access to additional functions of an option module such as the Agilent 8...

Page 255: ...Front panel key access PEAK SEARCH NEXT PK RIGHT Finds the next peak to the right of the current marker position The next trace peak must meet the current peak excursion and peak threshold criteria in order to be considered a peak Front panel key access PEAK SEARCH NORM REF LVL Available only when NORMLIZE ON OFF is ON Activates the normalized reference level Adjustments may be made using the data...

Page 256: ...e normalized reference position Results are displayed in trace A The reference level value is displayed in dB when normalization is active When normalization is activated an N appears in the special functions area at the left side of the display screen The REF LVL softkey under AMPLITUDE is replaced by NORM REF LVL in addition to RANGE LVL now being available NOTE If a trace math function has been...

Page 257: ...er bandwidth routine first computes the combined power of all signal responses contained in the trace It then puts markers at the frequencies for which 1 2 of 100 occupied of the power lies to the right of the right marker and to the left of the left marker Thus the selected percent of the power lies between the markers The difference between the marker frequencies is the occupied power bandwidth ...

Page 258: ...PEAK SEARCH Figure 4 5 PEAK EXCURSN defines the peaks on a trace PEAK METHOD Makes adjacent channel power ACP measurements using peak power integration This is a method that measures the power in the main and adjacent channels It differs from the analog method because it uses positive peak detection allowing the measurement of burst carriers The power not the log of the power of each measurement c...

Page 259: ...Any portion of a peak that falls below the peak threshold is also used to satisfy the peak excursion criteria For example when the peak excursion is equal to 6 dB a peak that is equal to 3 dB above the threshold will be found if the peak extends an additional 3 dB or more below the threshold Front panel key access PEAK SEARCH PLOT ANNOT Plots only the annotation excluding the menu trace markers an...

Page 260: ...e it is finished If trace A is blanked the message TRACE IS BLANKED will momentarily appear in the active function area and no plotting will occur Front panel key access CONFIG PLOT TRACE B Plots only the contents of trace B and any markers associated with trace B When PLOT TRACE B is active STOP TRACE B appears in its place allowing you to stop the plot before it is finished If trace B is blanked...

Page 261: ...or its P1 and P2 coordinates Check that the plotter is not set to listen only POSITIVE BIAS Selects positive mixer bias for an external mixer This value which can be entered using the data keys the step keys or the knob appears in the active function block and is expressed in milliamps When the bias is greater than 0 mA a appears on the left edge of the display Front panel key access AUX CTRL POST...

Page 262: ... change However the factory settings now become active Factory preselector data always takes precedence over user activated preselected data unless the user data is explicitly recalled using RECALL PRSEL PK For more information on storing and recalling preselector data refer to the SAVE PRSEL PK and RECALL PRSEL PK softkeys PRESEL MAN ADJ Allows you to adjust the preselector tracking to maximize a...

Page 263: ...yed in the active function block it can be changed using the data keys the step keys or the knob This tracking number ranges from 0 to 255 It is initialized to 128 when entering the external mixer mode of operation or whenever the band number is changed Changing the tracking number affects the data in the current data table which may be a previously saved user data table The resulting value after ...

Page 264: ...selector data stored by the user does not change However the factory settings now become active Table 4 7 Instrument State after PRESET Is Executed Function State 10 MHz REF INTERNAL A B A OFF A B DISPLAY LINE A OFF AGC OFF ANNOTATION ON AUTO IF ADJUST ON BAND LOCK OFF CENTER FREQUENCY 1 45 GHz 8560E EC 3 25 GHz Agilent 8561E EC 6 6 GHz Agilent 8562E EC 13 25 GHz Agilent 8563E EC 20 GHz Agilent 85...

Page 265: ... ATTENUATION 10 dB AUTO MARKER MODE OFF MAX MIXER LEVEL 10 dBm MIXER INT MIXER CONV LOSS 30 0 dB OFF NOISE MARKER OFF PEAK EXCURSION 6 dB PEAK THRESHOLD 130 dBm PRESELECTOR PEAK TABLE factory data for Agilent 8561E EC Agilent 8562E EC Agilent 8563E EC Agilent 8564E EC Agilent 8565E EC RBW SPAN RATIO 0 011 REFERENCE LEVEL 0 dBm REFERENCE LEVEL OFFSET 0 dB OFF RESOLUTION BW 1 MHz AUTO SIGNAL IDENTIF...

Page 266: ...9 GHz AUTO 8560E EC 6 5 GHz AUTO Agilent 8561E EC 13 2 GHz AUTO Agilent 8562E EC 26 5 GHz AUTO Agilent 8563E EC 40 GHz AUTO Agilent 8564E EC 50 GHz AUTO Agilent 8565E EC SQUELCH OFF SQUELCH LEVEL 120 dBm SWEEP TIME 60 ms AUTO 8560E EC 200 ms AUTO Agilent 8561E EC 264 ms AUTO Agilent 8562E EC 530 ms AUTO Agilent 8563E EC 800 ms AUTO Agilent 8564E EC 1 s AUTO Agilent 8565E EC THRESHOLD 90 dBm OFF TR...

Page 267: ...t instrument state in the power on register The spectrum analyzer is then set to this state whenever LINE is switched on The same state can be retrieved with POWER ON available from the RECALL menu Front panel key access SAVE PWR SWP ON OFF For 8560E EC Option 002 Activates ON or deactivates OFF the power sweep function where the output power of the tracking generator is swept over the power sweep...

Page 268: ...d signal level is no longer beyond the measurement limits of the instrument If the signal of interest is both above the gain compression limit and below the bottom line of the graticule changing RANGE LVL does not clear the error message Refer to Chapter 2 for a measurement example using RANGE LVL ERR 904 B DLMT appears in normalized mode only if any one of the following conditions occur Any data ...

Page 269: ...of measurements made by the instrument may not meet published specifications Front panel key access CAL REAR PANEL Accesses the softkeys that allow you to select the signals at the rear panel connectors The 10 MHz EXT INT softkey controls the J9 connector output The softkeys 0 10V LO SWP and 5 V GHz FAV or V GHz 25 50 select the signal that is present at J8 Selections are not changed when PRESET i...

Page 270: ...average calibration trace into trace B The instrument state is also set to the state of the stored open short calibration Front panel key access AUX CTRL RECALL PRSEL PK Only for use with internal mixing or for preselected external mixing Recalls the preselector data that is stored by the user in the user data table This data can be saved using SAVE PRSEL PK found under the SAVE menu The three ava...

Page 271: ...n The recall state registers appear on two menus STATE 0 through STATE 4 on the first page and STATE 5 through STATE 9 on the second page To recall the data press the softkey next to the desired register number or enter the number using the data keys Terminate the entry with any units Hz kHz and so on If a recall state register does not contain a previously saved instrument state the NOT SAVED mes...

Page 272: ...a keys Terminate the entry with any units key Hz kHz and so on If a recall trace register does not contain previously saved trace data the NOT SAVED message appears Front panel key access RECALL REF LVL Activates the reference level function The reference level can be adjusted using the data keys the step keys or the knob The reference level is the top line of the graticule For best measurement ac...

Page 273: ...function block ranges from 1 Hz to 2 MHz in a 1 3 10 sequence The value can be changed using the data keys the step keys or the knob A line under AUTO or MAN indicates whether the bandwidth is coupled AUTO or is in manual mode MAN When the resolution bandwidth is in manual mode press RES BW AUTO MAN until AUTO is underlined to return the bandwidth to coupled mode Front panel key access AUTO COUPLE...

Page 274: ...the current table To save the data use SAVE PRSEL PK If the current data is not saved it is lost when the instrument is preset turned off or whenever bands are changed in the case of external mixing 2 Factory Data Table is the default data table for internal mixing This data is set at the factory and can be changed only by service personnel This data is copied to the current data table when PRESET...

Page 275: ...ry with any units key Hz kHz and so on The SAVELOCK ON OFF function must be OFF to save a state If a stored state has a title the first 16 characters of the title are used as the softkey annotation for that register The register annotation appears in two rows of eight characters each For example if the data stored in register 0 has the title Harmonic Test the softkey annotation STATE 0 is replaced...

Page 276: ...xt to the register number or enter the number using the data keys Terminate the entry with any units key Hz kHz and so on Front panel key access SAVE SAVE LOCK ON OFF Prevents storing any new data in the state or trace registers When SAVELOCK ON OFF is ON the registers are locked the data in them cannot be erased or overwritten although the data can be recalled To unlock the registers and store ne...

Page 277: ...y selected character in the active function block to appear in the next available character position of the title which is indicated by a blinking dot This key may be held down for repeated characters Front panel key access DISPLAY SGL SWP Selects the single sweep mode and triggers a sweep if the spectrum analyzer is in continuous sweep mode If the analyzer is in the single sweep mode pressing SGL...

Page 278: ...lected harmonic band are shifted less than 50 kHz In addition all signals are shifted downward in amplitude by approximately one division regardless of scale This routine is only effective for signal identification in certain spans the user must ensure that a proper span is selected To ensure accuracy limit the frequency span to less than 20 MHz Front panel key access AUX CTRL SIG TRK ON OFF Not a...

Page 279: ...ing adjacent channel power measurements Front panel key access MEAS USER SPAN Activates the span function and sets the spectrum analyzer to center frequency span mode A span hard key and a span softkey are available The SPAN hard key also accesses SPAN SPAN ZOOM FULL SPAN ZERO SPAN and LAST SPAN The span setting can be changed using the data keys the step keys or the knob The span can be set to 0 ...

Page 280: ...ob The output power level can be varied from 10 dBm to 2 8 dBm with 0 1 dB resolution When source power is on a G appears in the special functions area at the left side of the display screen Front panel key access AUX CTRL NOTE The tracking generator warmup period begins when the source power is set to ON and the G is displayed in the special functions area The tracking generator is not turned on ...

Page 281: ...gister The register annotation appears in two rows of eight characters each For example if the data previously stored in register 0 has the title Harmonic Test the softkey annotation STATE 0 is replaced with the text Harmonic Test Saving to a state register You can save instrument state information in 10 state registers STATE 0 through STATE 9 If there is a title on the spectrum analyzer display w...

Page 282: ...p time In spectrum analyzer mode the sweep times are coupled so that the measurement remains calibrated In stimulus response mode auto coupled sweep times are usually faster for swept response measurements Stimulus response auto coupled sweep times are typically valid in stimulus response measurements when the system frequency span is less than 20 times the bandwidth of the device under test When ...

Page 283: ...rrent title and returns to the previous softkey menu Front panel key access DISPLAY TRACE Accesses a menu of trace related functions which are as follows CLEAR WRITE A MAX HOLD A VIEW A BLANK A TRACE A B VID AVG ON OFF DETECTOR MODES A EXCH B NORMLIZE ON OFF NORM REF POSN A B A ON OFF A B A B DL B and A B DL A ON OFF Trace A is brighter than trace B to distinguish between the two traces Front pane...

Page 284: ...s turned on unless the power on state is specified as having the source power set to ON The minimum resolution bandwidth that is supported for stimulus response measurements is 300 Hz If a tracking generator is active and a resolution bandwidth less than 300 Hz is selected then the error message TG RBW INCOMPATIBLE will flash in the message area Front panel key access AUX CTRL NOTE Before making a...

Page 285: ...ution bandwidth The ratio is displayed in the active function block and is used when the two bandwidths are in coupled mode The ratio ranges from 0 003 to 3 in a 1 3 10 sequence The default value is 1 Front panel key access BW V GHz 25 50 For Agilent 8564E EC and Agilent 8565E EC only Specifies a 0 25 or 0 5 volts per GHz sweep output at the rear panel connector J8 This is also referred to as the ...

Page 286: ...be up to three divisions Front panel key access TRIG VIDEO BW AUTO MAN Adjusts the video bandwidth which appears in the active function block and ranges from 1 Hz to 3 MHz in a 1 3 10 sequence The value can be changed using the data keys the step keys or the knob A line under AUTO or MAN indicates whether the bandwidth is coupled AUTO or is in manual mode MAN When the video bandwidth is in manual ...

Page 287: ... any of the methods except the analog method Front panel key access MEAS USER VOLTS Selects volts as the display amplitude units Front panel key access AMPLITUDE WATTS Selects watts as the display amplitude units Front panel key access AMPLITUDE WEIGHT α Allows you to enter the alpha factor of the root raised cosine weighting function The current value is displayed on the softkey Front panel key a...

Page 288: ... raised cosine weighting function is described by the following equations The resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer is of a finite width Therefore we compensate slightly for α and for the threshold of the zero response ZERO SPAN Sets the span to 0 Hz This effectively allows an amplitude versus time mode in which to view signals This is especially useful for viewing modulation Front panel k...

Page 289: ...289 5 Programming ...

Page 290: ...ies spectrum analyzer by remote computer control Setup Procedure for Remote Operation Communication with the System Initial Program Considerations Program Timing Data Transfer to Computer Input and Output Buffers Math Functions Creating Screen Titles Generating Plots and Prints Remotely Monitoring System Operation service requests ...

Page 291: ... system and other peripherals with GPIB cables The Agilent 85620A mass memory module can be attached for downloadable programming DLP capabilities Turn off the analyzer before installing or removing any option module 2 After the GPIB cables are installed reset all instruments connected to the bus If you are not sure how to reset a device switch off the line power to the device and then switch the ...

Page 292: ...292 Chapter5 Programming Setup Procedure for Remote Operation Figure 5 1 8560E connected to an HP 9000 Series 300 computer ...

Page 293: ... communicated to the spectrum analyzer therefore enter and output statements and command syntax discussed in this chapter should be understood before proceeding HP BASIC is used for all examples in this manual Executing Remote Commands The computer communicates with the spectrum analyzer system on the General Purpose Interface Bus GPIB using HP BASIC OUTPUT and ENTER statements An OUTPUT statement...

Page 294: ...junction with a spectrum analyzer query returns information to the computer To return the center frequency value to the computer first form a query by adding a question mark to the command Figure 5 3 Output Statement Example II Next the ENTER statement is used to assign the returned value to a variable in the computer GPIB ...

Page 295: ... of the program examples in this manual show recommended command syntax All spectrum analyzer commands must be constructed according to specific syntactical rules that are outlined in Chapter 7 Language Reference Chapter 7 lists all of the remote spectrum analyzer commands in alphabetical order and contains a syntax diagram for each command Refer to Chapter 6 for a complete command listing of all ...

Page 296: ...he spectrum analyzer keys or turn the spectrum analyzer off and then back on NOTE Local mode should not be activated via the RMT LCL softkey until other processes are complete for example instrument preset recall state fast Fourier transform and so on Using the LOCAL command via GPIB may require the HP BASIC command WAIT to precede it Executing a WAIT statement before the LOCAL command ensures tha...

Page 297: ...nd can be used to clear devices on the bus singly or in unison It is often desirable to clear only one instrument so that other instruments on the bus are not affected Refer to the Program Timing section in this chapter for more information To clear only the spectrum analyzer CLEAR 718 should be used To clear all devices at select code 7 CLEAR 7 must be used IP the instrument preset command preset...

Page 298: ...e is very long If this occurs the HP BASIC CLEAR that is CLEAR 718 statement can be used to abort the TS command CLEAR also causes an instrument preset Because many remote commands process trace information updating trace information with TS becomes important whenever the input signal or analyzer settings change Use TS to update the trace after the analyzer settings or input signals change but bef...

Page 299: ...nnect the calibrator signal to the analyzer 50Ω INPUT before performing this example 10 CLEAR 718 20 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS TS Initialize analyzer 30 OUTPUT 718 CF 300MHZ SP 1MHZ Change measurement range 40 END Figure 5 5 Invalid Trace Information ...

Page 300: ...updated with the TS command Here is the program again corrected to include the TS command EXAMPLE Change the measurement range then update trace information Connect the calibrator signal to the analyzer 50Ω INPUT before performing this example 10 CLEAR 718 20 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS Initialize analyzer 30 OUTPUT 718 SP 1MHZ CF 300MHZ Change measurement range 40 OUTPUT 718 TS Measure with trace A 50 EN...

Page 301: ...race information must be updated with TS before MKPK HI is executed EXAMPLE Use TS to update trace information before using the marker commands Connect the calibrator signal to the analyzer INPUT 50Ω before performing this example 10 CLEAR 718 20 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS Initialize analyzer 30 OUTPUT 718 SP 1MHZ CF 300MHZ RL 5DBM Change measurement range 40 OUTPUT 718 TS Update trace 50 OUTPUT 718 MKPK...

Page 302: ...KRL marker to reference level They set the center frequency and reference level equal to the marker frequency and amplitude respectively If valid trace information is needed a TS command must be executed after these commands are executed The TS command invokes at least one entire sweep It invokes more than one sweep when certain commands are active such as SP frequency span when MKTRACK marker tra...

Page 303: ...ude scaling and the absolute amplitude units You may want to store additional conditions such as the resolution bandwidth attenuation or sweep time Example 1 below queries the spectrum analyzer for the trace conditions shown on the display and stores them Example 2 shows how to return this data to the analyzer These procedures which you may find useful and are referred to by subroutine name are us...

Page 304: ...amplitude information can be returned in several different units The AUNITS amplitude units command is used to select the desired unit The AUNITS command can either specify a single unit to be used for all power and amplitude information or it can be set to automatically select the units based on certain measurement settings Refer to the description of the AUNITS command in Chapter 7 of this manua...

Page 305: ... in a dB related unit it must first be converted to such a unit before using the formulas When using a linear display scale the following formulas can be used with the reference level expressed in volts If the reference level is not expressed in volts it must be converted to volts before these formulas are used Notice that the interpretation of measurement units always depends on the reference lev...

Page 306: ... instrument is turned on and when instrument preset IP is activated Numbers are in dBm dBmV dBµV volts or watts as determined using the amplitude units AUNITS command Default units are volts for linear trace information and dBm for logarithmic trace information A line feed ASCII code 10 follows data output The end or identify message EOI is sent with a line feed NOTE When using the P format be sur...

Page 307: ...18 A 60 PRINT PRESS CONTINUE TO RETURN DATA TO THE ANALYZER 70 PAUSE 80 OUTPUT 718 IP TDF P VIEW TRA 90 CALL Setup_analyzer Fa Fb Rl Rb Vb St Lg Aunits 100 OUTPUT 718 TRA 110 FOR I 1 TO 600 120 OUTPUT 718 A I DBM 130 NEXT I 140 OUTPUT 718 A 601 DBM 150 END Lines 10 to 50 are the same as in Example 3 Line 80 begins to send trace data by presetting the analyzer preparing the spectrum analyzer to acc...

Page 308: ... measurement units 600 measurement units at the reference level less 60 measurement units for one division down equals 540 measurement units There are also ten additional points of overrange Measurement units range from 0 to 610 A line feed ASCII code 10 follows data output The end or identify message EOI is sent with a line feed The M format is faster than the P format but most applications will ...

Page 309: ... format provides the fastest data transfer and requires the least amount of memory to store data Each data point is transferred in binary as two 8 bit bytes the most significant byte is sent first followed by the least significant byte Binary data can also be easily converted into measurement data If speed and memory are important considerations you may prefer B format to P format Unlike A block a...

Page 310: ...ne 20 assigns the spectrum analyzer address to Sa_bin Format is set to off because the trace data is transferred in the format of two 8 bit bytes and this format is also the internal format of the computer Line 40 enters the instrument state conditions Line 50 selects B format then queries the spectrum analyzer for trace A data Line 60 enters the data into the array Tra_binary To convert a trace d...

Page 311: ...emory and these equations provide a means to view the data if necessary NOTE It is not possible to return data to the analyzer using binary format You must use either A block or I block format These two formats are described below See Table 5 2 on page 315 for an example of how data is sent to the computer using the TDF B format TDF A A block format Return Absolute Block Data Fields in Measurement...

Page 312: ...a_binary 1 601 20 DIM Header 4 30 OUTPUT 718 IP CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ SNGLS TS 40 CALL Get_settings Fa Fb Rl Rb Vb St Lg Aunits 50 OUTPUT 718 TDF A TRA 60 ENTER 718 USING 4A 601 W Header Tra_binary 70 END Line 10 creates the array Tra_binary using the INTEGER statement Line 20 creates a string Header The header will be placed in this string separate from the trace data Line 50 specifies the data form...

Page 313: ...ate the format and 1202 to indicate the length of the trace in bytes The sign within the USING statement suppresses any end of line signal characters See Table 5 2 on page 315 for an example of how data is sent to the computer using the TDF A format TDF I I block format Return Indefinite Block Data Fields in Measurement Units Very similar to A block format the I block format transmits data in meas...

Page 314: ... The spectrum analyzer will continue to accept data until an end of instruction EOI signal is sent to it HP 9000 Series 200 300 BASIC allows you to send an EOI with the last data byte using the END command Refer to Example 11 EXAMPLE 11 10 INTEGER Tra_binary 1 601 20 DIM Header 2 30 OUTPUT 718 IP CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ SNGLS TS 40 CALL Get_settings Fa Fb Rl Rb Vb St Lg Aunits 50 OUTPUT 718 TDF I TRA 6...

Page 315: ...itude equal to the reference level In each case the HP 9000 Series 200 or 300 computer must be instructed how to interpret the data received correctly The parenthetical numbers in the table are decimal values representing binary 8 bit numbers Table 5 2 GPIB Transmission Sequence for Different Trace Data Formats TDF Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 Byte 6 TDF P 1 0 0 0 10 EOI TDF M 6 0 0 10 EOI T...

Page 316: ...S MKPX 6DB MKPT 65DB FA 270MHZ FB 1200MHZ TS 20 OUTPUT 718 MKPK HI MKD MKPK NR MKF MKA 30 ENTER 718 USING K Mkf Mka 40 PRINT Mkf Mka 50 END Example 1 reads the difference in frequency and amplitude between two peaks then enters the values into variables Note the order of the queries and entries The first query is the first value to come out of the output data buffer you read the values into variab...

Page 317: ... filled with query values the input buffer is completely filled with commands and the spectrum analyzer is currently executing a query Under this set of conditions the program will pause indefinitely The spectrum analyzer is trying to complete the query but there is simply no more room in the output data buffer for any more query data and no place to hold the query in the input buffer If you have ...

Page 318: ... correctly the buffer should be clear after the last ENTER statement is executed But if you want to ensure that the buffer is empty execute the device clear statement CLEAR 718 If your program is returning incorrect values use this statement to clear the buffer then look through your program for any missing ENTER statements Or use CLEAR at the beginning of a program CLEAR flushes out the output da...

Page 319: ...riables Traces Traces consist of a series of data points that contain amplitude information Two separate traces can be swept trace A or B These are the predefined traces that exist permanently in the analyzer memory Traces A and B each have preset lengths of 601 data points Math Commands Math commands are data manipulating functions that modify traces or return modified data to the computer Two Ru...

Page 320: ...s not adding and subtracting physical values but rather providing an efficient method for calculations in dBm units Use AMBPL to Correct Data The AMBPL trace A minus trace B plus display line command provides the most versatile method for applying correction data to a trace AMBPL subtracts the contents of trace B from the contents of trace A and adds the result to the display line Consider charact...

Page 321: ...play line is set to 16 dBm Line 40 executes the function AMBPL Trace B is subtracted from trace A because the traces are identical the result is a flat response equal to 0 dBm Note however that the reference level is at 10 dBm if this were the end of the calculation you would not be able to see the result The display line is added to move the response to 16 dBm and onto the screen where you can vi...

Page 322: ...ce 150 OUTPUT 718 AMB ON 160 PAUSE 170 END Trace Data Limits The displayed amplitude of each trace element falls in one of 601 vertical data points See Figure 5 10 There are an additional 10 points of overrange The spectrum analyzer clips results that exceed these limits The overrange is equal to one sixth of a division above the reference level Also the same clipping algorithm is applied to corre...

Page 323: ...Chapter 5 323 Programming Math Functions Figure 5 10 Display Units ...

Page 324: ...e titles These include using no format or using A block or I block format Each method is described below Note also that the first 16 characters of a title become the label for a stored instrument state or stored trace The label replaces the register number of the state or trace that usually appears on the spectrum analyzer menu If you save or recall states or traces remotely be sure to use the reg...

Page 325: ...thods The method described above allows you to enter a title directly Using formats provides greater flexibility You can use data that has been previously stored in a string as the title This data can be in ASCII characters or even in binary or decimal equivalents The two formats A block and I block are described below Making a Title in A Block Format A block format allows you to use a string of d...

Page 326: ... to use string data as a title With I block however you can send a string of indefinite length The spectrum analyzer will continue to accept data up to 32 characters until an end or identify EOI signal is sent to the spectrum analyzer See Example 4 EXAMPLE 4 10 DIM A 15 20 A THIS IS A TITLE 30 OUTPUT 718 USING K TITLE I A END 40 END This example is much like the previous one For I block format you...

Page 327: ...ode 2 Set the plotter to address 5 and cycle the power To change the address on the plotter refer to the plotter operation manual If you want to use a different plotter address for remote operation be sure to modify the examples accordingly Remember to generate plots from the spectrum analyzer front panel you must reset the address to 5 NOTE The plotter should not be set to LISTEN ALWAYS mode The ...

Page 328: ...n enter coordinates in a program directly or query the plotter for the values The latter method is used in the example program below To generate a plot connect the plotter via GPIB to the computer and execute Example 1 EXAMPLE 1 10 OUTPUT 705 OP 20 ENTER 705 P1x P1y P2x P2y 30 OUTPUT 718 PLOT P1x P1y P2x P2y 40 SEND 7 UNL LISTEN 5 TALK 18 DATA 50 END Table 5 3 Scaling Points for Various Plotters T...

Page 329: ...ssed later in this chapter When the spectrum analyzer PLOT command is finished a command complete service request is triggered and signals that the plot is done EXAMPLE 2 10 OUTPUT 705 OP 20 ENTER 705 P1x P1y P2x P2y 30 ON INTR 7 GOTO Done 40 ENABLE INTR 7 2 50 OUTPUT 718 RQS 16 60 OUTPUT 718 PLOT P1x P1y P2x P2y 70 SEND 7 UNL LISTEN 5 TALK 18 DATA 80 Idle GOTO Idle 90 Done S_poll SPOLL 718 100 OU...

Page 330: ...lot 70 PRINT COMMAND IS COMPLETE 80 STOP 90 Wait_plot ON INTR 7 GOTO Go_back 100 ENABLE INTR 7 2 110 SEND 7 UNL LISTEN 5 TALK 18 DATA 120 Idle GOTO Idle 130 Go_back S_poll SPOLL 718 140 RETURN 150 END Another available plot function the PLOTORG display origins command specifies whether the plotter P1 and P2 coordinates are the origins for the entire analyzer display or for its graticule If you cho...

Page 331: ...his default can be changed via PRINTER ADDRESS under the CONFIG key Making a Basic Print To make a basic print use any GPIB printer with graphics capability If using a color printer the color format PRINT 1 can be selected otherwise a monochrome output is the default output selected The example program shown below demonstrates how to generate a print NOTE The color format output cannot be selected...

Page 332: ...nterrupt process begins when the analyzer requests attention by setting the GPIB service request line SRQ true The computer must be programmed to respond to this event Typically the computer is programmed to interrupt normal program execution and call a user specified subroutine when the service request occurs If multiple instruments are being controlled remotely this subroutine determines which i...

Page 333: ... represent specific conditions or events These bits are referred to as condition bits and event bits Condition bits reflect a condition in the analyzer that can be present or absent at any given moment Event bits reflect the occurrence of a transition or event within the analyzer Bit 6 is set by the analyzer to indicate whether or not it is requesting service When the analyzer is instructed not to...

Page 334: ... desired conditions or events occur Computer Interrupt Statements Now that the spectrum analyzer is prepared to trigger service requests you must prepare the computer to accept this type of interrupt Use the BASIC statements ON INTR GOTO or CALL or GOSUB and ENABLE INTR ON INTR GOTO causes the computer to branch to a subroutine or some other part of the program when an interrupt is generated ENABL...

Page 335: ...gger a command complete signal Because 10 video averaging sweeps are desired this signal does not occur until after the selected number of averages is complete This service request will cause the computer to go to the subroutine Srq The subroutine identifies the type of service request and prints it on the computer screen See Example 1 EXAMPLE 1 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ TS 20 OUTP...

Page 336: ... VAVG 10 RQS 16 30 ON INTR 7 GOSUB Srq 40 ENABLE INTR 7 2 50 Done 0 60 OUTPUT 718 TS 70 Idle IF Done 0 GOTO Idle 80 STOP 90 Srq OUTPUT 718 STB 100 ENTER 718 Sbyte 110 PRINT Sbyte 120 PRINT VIDEO AVERAGING IS COMPLETE 130 OUTPUT 718 RQS 0 140 Done 1 150 RETURN 160 END Line 20 sets the bit mask so that only the command complete condition is set On Line 70 once the command complete condition is satis...

Page 337: ... SPOLL command for each instrument that can cause a service request interrupt in this case the analyzer or an instrument that is set to address 5 Once the instruments are queried for interrupts the IF THEN statements provide a way to branch to the appropriate routine Testing Service Request Routines In the previous programming examples you knew that a service request would be generated when the VA...

Page 338: ... 1 140 RETURN 150 END Here on Line 50 a command complete service request is immediately generated and you can be sure that the routine will work Summary The main points to using service requests are highlighted below 1 Choose the conditions for generating service requests 2 Set a bit mask that enables only these chosen conditions 3 Prepare the computer to accept service requests Use the ON INTR GO...

Page 339: ...339 6 Programming Command Cross Reference ...

Page 340: ...ng Command Versus Front Panel Key lists the programming commands by functional groups and indicates the corresponding front panel key Agilent 8566A and Agilent 8568A Compatible Commands lists the commands that are the same in the Agilent 8566A and Agilent 8568A spectrum analyzers and in the Agilent 8560 E Series and EC Series Mass Memory Module Commands lists the commands that are available throug...

Page 341: ... V GHz FAV SWPOUT 2BW METHOD ACPMETHOD 3dB POINTS MKBW 6dB POINTS MKBW 10 MHz EXT INT FREF A A B A APB A B A ON OFF AMB A B DL A ON OFF AMBPL ACCELERAT ACPACCL ACCELERAT FASTER ACPACCL ACCELERAT FASTEST ACPACCL ACCELERAT NORMAL ACPACCL ACP AUTO MEASURE ACPMEAS ACP COMPUTE ACPCOMPUTE ACPGRAPH ON OFF ACPGRAPH ACP MENU ACP SETUP ACP STATE DFL CURR ACPMSTATE A EXCH B AXB ADJ CURR IF STATE ADJIF AGC ON...

Page 342: ...ETHOD ACPMETHOD ANALYZER ADDRESS ANNOT HELP ANNOT ON OFF ANNOT ATTEN AUTO MAN AT AUTO ACP MEASURE ACPMEAS AUTO COUPLE AUX CTRL AVERAGE CNV LOSS CNVLOSS AVG OFF POWER CARROFF AVG ON POWER CARRON B B DL B BML B W PRINT BACK SPACE BIAS MBIAS BIAS OFF MBIAS BLANK A BLANK BLANK B BLANK BURST WEIGHTNG BURST PERIOD ACPBRPER BURST WIDTH ACPBRWID Table 6 1 Front Panel Key Versus Command Key Programming Com...

Page 343: ...EP AUTO MAN SS CF 2 CF CF 2 CF CH EDGES MKR MKCHEDGE CHAN DN CHANNEL CHAN PWR OVER BW CHPWRBW CHAN UP CHANNEL CHANNEL BANDWDTH ACPBW CHANNEL PWR MENU CHANNEL SPACING ACPSP CHPWR BW CHPWRBW CHAR SET 1 2 CLEAR WRITE A CLRW CLEAR WRITE B CLRW CNV LOSS VS FREQ COLOR PRINT CONFIG CONT MEASURE MEAS COPY PLOT PRINT COPY DEV PRNT PLT COUNTER ON OFF MKFC Table 6 1 Front Panel Key Versus Command Key Program...

Page 344: ...E CORR PT AMPCORDATA DEMOD TIME DEMODT DETECTOR MODES DETECTOR NEG PEAK DET DETECTOR NORMAL DET DETECTOR POS PEAK DET DETECTOR SAMPLE DET DISPLAY DLY SWEEP DLYSWP DLY SWP ON OFF DLYSWP DONE EDIT DSPL LIN ON OFF DL E EDGE POL POS NEG GP EDIT AMPCOR AMPCORDATA EDIT AMPL AMPCORDATA EDIT FREQ AMPCORDATA ELAPSED TIME ET ERASE TITLE EXIT ACP EXIT AMPCOR Table 6 1 Front Panel Key Versus Command Key Progr...

Page 345: ... ON OFF DEMOD FOCUS FRAC N FREQ FDIAG FREE RUN TM FREQ COUNT MKFC FREQ DIAGNOSE FDIAG FREQ DSP OFF FDSP FREQ OFFSET FOFFSET FREQUENCY CF FULL BAND FULBAND FULL IF ADJ ADJIF FULL SPAN FS G GATE CTL EDGE LVL GATECTL GATE DLY GD GATE LEN GL GATE ON OFF GATE GATED METHOD ACPMETHOD GATED VIDEO GRAT ON OFF GRAT H HOLD HD Table 6 1 Front Panel Key Versus Command Key Programming Command ...

Page 346: ...ONIC HNLOCK LOCK ON OFF HNLOCK HNUNLK LO FREQ FDIAG LOG dB DIV LG LVL POL POS NEG GP M MAN TRK ADJ SRCCRSTK SRCFINTK MARKER CF MKCF MARKER CF STEP MKSS MARKER REF LVL MKRL MARKER DELTA MKD MARKER 1 DELTA MKDR MARKER NORMAL MKN MARKERS OFF MKOFF MAX HOLD A MXMH MAX HOLD B MXMH MAX MXR LEVEL ML MEAS USER METHODS ACPMETHOD MKR MKN Table 6 1 Front Panel Key Versus Command Key Programming Command ...

Page 347: ...ISE ON OFF MKNOISE MODULE N NEGATIVE BIAS MBIAS NEW CORR PT AMPCORDATA NEXT PEAK MKPK NEXT PK LEFT MKPK NEXT PK RIGHT MKPK NORMLIZE ON OFF NORMLIZE NORM REF LVL NRL NORM REF POSN NRPOS O OCCUPIED OCCUP OCCUPIED BANDWIDTH PWRBW OCCUPIED PWR MENU P PEAK EXCURSN MKPX PEAK METHOD ACPMETHOD PEAK SEARCH MKPK PEAK SEARCH MKPK PEAK THRSHLD MKPT Table 6 1 Front Panel Key Versus Command Key Programming Comm...

Page 348: ...G PLOTSRC POSITIVE BIAS MBIAS POSTSCLR FDIAG POWER MENU POWER ON RCLS PRESEL AUTO PK PP PRESEL MAN ADJ PSDAC PRESEL PEAK PRESET IP PRINTER ADDRESS PRINTER CONFIG PURGE CORR AMPCORDATA PWR MENU HELP PWR ON STATE SAVES PWR SWP ON OFF SRCPSWP R RANGE LVL RL RAW OSC FREQ FDIAG RBW SPAN RATIO RBR REALIGN LO IF ADJALL REAR PANEL RECALL RECALL AMPCOR AMPCORRCL Table 6 1 Front Panel Key Versus Command Key...

Page 349: ... REF LVL ADJ RLCAL REF LVL OFFSET ROFFSET RES BW AUTO MAN RB S SAMPLER FREQ FDIAG SAMPLER HARMONIC FDIAG SAVE SAVE AMPCOR AMPCORSAVE SAVE PRSEL PK SAVE STATE SAVES SAVE TRACE A SAVET SAVE TRACE B SAVET SAVELOCK ON OFF PSTATE SCREEN TITLE TITLE SCROLL CORR PTS AMPCORSIZE SELECT CHAR SGL SWP SNGLS SIG ID AT MKR SIGID SID ID ON OFF SIGID SIG ID CF IDCF SIGNAL IDENT Table 6 1 Front Panel Key Versus Co...

Page 350: ...ELCH SRC PWR OFFSET SRCPOFS SRC PWR ON OFF SRCPWR SRC PWR STP SIZE SRCPSTP START FREQ FA STOP FREQ FB SWEEP ST SWEEP CONT SGL CONTS SNGLS SWP CPL SR SA SWPCPL SWP TIME AUTO MAN ST T THRESHLD ON OFF TH TITLE DONE TITLE TRACE TRACE A B TRA TRB TRACKING GENRATOR TRACKING PEAK SRCTKPK TRIG TRIG POL POS NEG TRIGPOL U UNITS AUTO MAN AUNITS Table 6 1 Front Panel Key Versus Command Key Programming Command...

Page 351: ...ATIO VBR V GHz 25 50 SWPOUT VID AVG ON OFF VAVG VIDEO TM VTL VIDEO BW AUTO MAN VB VIEW A VIEW VIEW B VIEW VIEW TBL TRCE ACPRSLTS VOLTS AUNITS W WATTS AUNITS WEIGHT α ACPALPHA WEIGHT T ACPT WEIGHTNG COS OFF ACPFRQWT Z ZERO SPAN SP Table 6 1 Front Panel Key Versus Command Key Programming Command ...

Page 352: ...VE AMPCOR Saves ampcor data AT ATTEN AUTO MAN Specifies input attenuation AUNITS AMPTD UNITS Specifies amplitude units for input output and display COUPLE COUPLE AC DC Selects dc or ac coupling LG LOG dB DIV Specifies log scale LN LINEAR Specifies linear scale MKRL MARKER REF LVL Moves active marker amplitude to reference level E4 ML MAX MXR LVL Specifies the mixer level NRPOS NORM REF POSN Adjust...

Page 353: ... INT Specifies the frequency reference source FULBAND FULL BAND Sets start and stop frequencies for full waveguide bands HNLOCK LOCK HARMONIC Locks to specified harmonic number HNUNLK LOCK ON OFF Unlocks the specified harmonic number IDCF SIG ID CF Sets center frequency to frequency of SIGID IDFREQ Returns frequency of identified signal MBIAS BIAS Specifies the bias level for external mixers MKN M...

Page 354: ...ize of the source power level SRCPSWP PWR SWP ON OFF Controls the power sweep function SRCPWR SRC PWR ON OFF Controls the output power of the tracking generator SRCTKPK TRACKING PEAK Peaks the tracking generator response STOREOPEN CAL OPN SHRT Saves open input calibration data for use with STORESHORT STORESHORT CAL OPN SHRT Averages shorted input and open input calibration data and saves the avera...

Page 355: ...cillator RLCAL REF LVL ADJ Calibrates reference level CONFIGURATION EXT MXR EXT MXR PRE UNPR Selects either preselected or unpreselected external mixing mode ID DATECODE OPTIONS Returns the model number of analyzer used OP Returns the display lower left and upper right coordinates PLOT COPY Sends analyzer display to a plotter PLOTORG PLOT ORG DSP GRT Selects scaling points for plot PLOTSRC PLOT AN...

Page 356: ...Y COUNT MKFC COUNTER ON OFF Turns the frequency counter on or off MKFCR COUNTER RES Specifies resolution of the frequency counter MKD MARKER DELTA Moves delta marker to specified frequency M3 MKN MARKER NORMAL Moves marker to specified frequency or center screen M2 MKPX PEAK EXCURSN Specifies minimum excursion for peak identification HOLD HD HOLD Holds or disables data entry and blanks active func...

Page 357: ...NOISE ON OFF Average noise value at marker and normalize to 1 Hz bandwidth MKOFF Turns the active marker off M1 MKPK NEXT PEAK NEXT PK RIGHT NEXT PK LEFT Moves marker to signal peak E1 MKPT PEAK THRESHLD Specifies marker peak threshold MKPX PEAK EXCURSN Specifies minimum excursion for peak identification MKRL MARKER REF LVL Moves active marker to reference level E4 MKSP MKR SPAN Moves marker delta...

Page 358: ...r measurement ACPMETHOD METHODS Changes the adjacent channel power measurement algorithm ACPMSTATE ACPSTATE DFL CURR Selects default or current for the measurement state of an adjacent channel power measurement ACPPWRTX Returns the total power transmitted in an adjacent channel power measurement ACPRSLTS Returns an array of the results of the adjacent channel power measurement ACPSP CHANNEL SPACIN...

Page 359: ...urns the bandwidth equal to a percentage of total power TWNDOW Creates a trace array for the FFT function MODULE A list of the Agilent 85620A mass memory module commands follows this table There are no remote commands for the Agilent 85629B test adjustment module OUTPUT FORMAT AUNITS AMPTD UNITS Specifies amplitude units for input output and display MKA Returns marker amplitude MA MKF Returns mark...

Page 360: ... span SWEEP CONTS SWEEP CONT SGL CONT Selects continuous sweep mode S1 DLYSWP DLY SWP DLY SWP ON OFF Delays the start of the sweep until the specified time elapses after the trigger event or before the trigger event with Option 007 GATE GATE ON OFF Turns on or off the time gating function GATECTL GATE CTL EDGE LVL Selects between the edge and the level mode for time gate function GD GATE DLY Sets ...

Page 361: ...ization routine NRL NORM REF LVL Sets the normalized reference level RCLT RECALL TO TRA RECALL TO TRB Recalls specified trace data SAVET SAVE TO TRA SAVE TO TRB Saves specified trace data TRA Selects input and output of trace A TRB Selects input and output of trace B VAVG VID AVG ON OFF Turns video averaging on or off VIEW VIEW A VIEW B Views specified trace register A3 and B3 TRIGGER CONTS SWEEP ...

Page 362: ...minor modifications We recommend that you do not use the old Agilent 8566A 8568A commands when writing new programs for the 8560 E Series and EC Series Table 6 3 Backward Compatible Commands Agilent 8566A Agilent 8568A Command Preferred Agilent 8560 E Series and EC Series Command Description A1 CLRW TRA Clear Write Trace A A2 MXMH TRA Maximum Hold Trace A A3 VIEW TRA Store View Trace A A4 BLANK TR...

Page 363: ...Marker Normal on M3 MKD Marker Delta on MA MKA Query Marker Amplitude MF MKF Query Marker Frequency MZ MHZ Megahertz unit MT0 MKTRACK OFF Marker Track off MT1 MKTRACK ON Marker Track on PRSDAC PSDAC Query Preselector DAC number RC RCLS Recall Instrument State S1 CONTS Continuous Sweep S2 SNGLS Single Sweep SV SAVES Save Instrument State T1 TM Trigger Mode Free Run T2 TM LIN Trigger Mode Line T3 TM...

Page 364: ...Command Cross Reference Programming Command Versus Front Panel Key TB TRB Trace B Data Table 6 3 Backward Compatible Commands Agilent 8566A Agilent 8568A Command Preferred Agilent 8560 E Series and EC Series Command Description ...

Page 365: ...in the mass memory module or memory card CLRDSP Clears the display CLRSCHED Clears the Autosave and Autoexec Schedule buffer CNTLA Controls auxiliary control line A CNTLB Controls auxiliary control line B CNTLC Controls auxiliary control line C CNTLD Controls auxiliary control line D CNTLI Reads auxiliary control line I CTRLHPIB Allows the spectrum analyzer to control the GPIB DATEMODE Allows you ...

Page 366: ...M Assigns a middle amplitude value to a limit line segment LIMTFL Specifies a flat limit line segment LIMTSL Specifies a sloped limit line segment LIMU Assigns an amplitude value to a limit line segment in the upper limit line LOG Takes the logarithm base 10 of the source multiplies the result by the scaling factor then stores it in the destination MEAN Returns the mean value of the given trace in...

Page 367: ...spectrum analyzer not to plot vectors on the spectrum analyzer screen until a PD command is received RELHPIB Releases spectrum analyzer control of the GPIB REPEAT UNTIL Forms a looping construct RETURN Stops the operation of a user defined command and returns program operation to the point where the user defined function was called RMS Returns the root mean square value of the trace in measurement...

Page 368: ... of the squares of the amplitude of each trace element TEXT Writes text on the analyzer screen at the current pen position TIMEDATE Sets the time and date of the real time clock TRDEF Declares a user defined trace VARDEF Creates a user defined variable and assigns it a value VARIANCE Returns the amplitude variance of the specified trace in measurement units Table 6 4 Mass Memory Module Commands ...

Page 369: ...369 7 Language Reference ...

Page 370: ...agram Conventions describes the pictorial notation that represents the proper syntax for each command Syntax Elements are listed in Table 7 1 on page 372 Secondary Keywords and Characters Reserved Words used by the programming commands are listed in Table 7 1 on page 372 Programming commands are listed in alphabetical order according to their mnemonic followed by a complete description of their sy...

Page 371: ...and secondary keywords that are used in the syntax diagrams Rectangles surround elements of the language being defined All the syntax elements are defined in Table 7 1 A loop above a syntax element indicates that the syntax element can be repeated Solid lines represent the recommended path Dotted lines indicate a optional path for bypassing secondary keywords or using alternate units Arrows and cu...

Page 372: ...either zero indicating that the queried state is off or inactive or one indicating that the queried state is on or active As an example GRAT will return a zero if the display graticule is off and a one if it is on Syntax elements are shown in the syntax diagrams as elements within rectangles Table 7 1 Syntax Elements Syntax Component Definition Range character SP a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q ...

Page 373: ...msb length Represents the most significant byte of a two byte word that describes the number of bytes returned or transmitted See lsb length number Expressed as integer decimal or in exponential E form Range 10 100 through 10 100 The smallest positive fractional number that can be represented is 10 100 This is the range of numbers that can be used in commands This range is further restricted when ...

Page 374: ...ive decibel unit DBM absolute decibel milliwatt unit DBMV absolute decibel millivolt unit DBUV absolute decibel microvolt unit DC direct current coupling DM absolute decibel milliwatt unit DN decrement the parameter DSP display E external mixer frequency band EDGE trigger edge EP enable parameter for front panel operator entry see note below EXT external reference mixer mode F external mixer frequ...

Page 375: ...millivolt unit MW milliwatt unit MZ megahertz unit NEG negative peak detection or negative polarity NH next highest NL next left NR next right NRM normal rosenfell detection OA function query same as OFF turn function off ON turn function on P real number output format POS positive peak detection or positive polarity POSTSC postscaler value PRE preselected external mixer mode PWRON sets same state...

Page 376: ...R stimulus response sweep time coupling TRA trace A TRB trace B U external mixer frequency band UA microamp unit UNIFORM FFT window format UNPR unpreselected external mixer mode UP increment the parameter UV microvolt unit US microsecond unit V volt unit external mixer frequency band VID video W watt unit external mixer frequency band Y external mixer frequency band ZERO zero span 0 off 1 on retur...

Page 377: ...Programming Commands Programming Commands This chapter contains the programming commands Each spectrum analyzer command is described in this section Before using this part of the manual you may want to refer to Chapter 5 of this manual ...

Page 378: ... of the adjacent channel power measurement to normal NRM faster FASTR or fastest FASTS The ACP measurement techniques are changed when faster and fastest are selected to speed up the measurement process This results in a degradation in the amplitude accuracy of 1 dB for faster and as much as 2 dB for fastest Refer to the softkey description of ACCELERAT for more information Parameters NRM FASTR FA...

Page 379: ...Chapter 7 379 Language Reference ACPACCL Accelerate Adjacent Channel Power Measurement Query Response Figure 7 5 ACPACCL Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ACPACCL FASTR ...

Page 380: ...ax Figure 7 6 ACPALPHA Syntax Description The ACPALPHA command is used to set the alpha weighting for an adjacent channel power measurement Parameters number unitless real number between 0 and 1 Query Response Figure 7 7 ACPALPHA Query Response Example 10 REAL Alphaweight 20 Alphaweight 0 13 30 OUTPUT 718 ACPALPHA Alphaweight 40 END ...

Page 381: ... Description The ACPALTCH command sets the number of alternate channels to be measured by an adjacent channel power measurement to either 0 1 or 2 Zero is the default The number of alternate channels is used with the ACPRSLTS command Query Response Figure 7 9 ACPALTCH Query Response Example 10 INTEGER Altchannel 20 Altchannel 2 30 OUTPUT 718 ACPALTCH Altchannel 40 END ...

Page 382: ... command sets the cycle time period of the burst RF signal The cycle time is needed to set the sweep times when using the peak two bandwidth burst power and gated methods for adjacent channel power measurements Parameters number 50 µs to 10 seconds Query Response Figure 7 11 ACPBRPER Query Response Example 10 REAL Burstperiod 20 Burstwidth 20 0 30 OUTPUT 718 ACPBRWID Burstwidth MS ...

Page 383: ...ion The ACPBRWID command sets the on time pulse width of the burst RF signal The pulse width is needed to set the gating times when using the gated method for adjacent channel power measurements Parameters number 5 µs to 9 5 seconds Query Response Figure 7 13 ACPBRWID Query Response Example 10 REAL Burstwidth 20 Burstwidth 6 53 30 OUTPUT 718 ACPBRWID Burstwidth MS ...

Page 384: ... and ACPCOMPUTE commands The channel bandwidth cannot be greater than the channel spacing If the channel bandwidth is greater than the channel spacing the spacing is automatically increased Checking for proper limits is performed in the ACPMEAS and ACPCOMPUTE measurement algorithms The query returns the channel bandwidth in hertz Query Response Figure 7 15 ACPBW Query Response Example 10 REAL Chan...

Page 385: ... power that is in the adjacent channels from the carrier The result is the ratio of the leakage power in the adjacent channel to the total power transmitted by the transmitter This function is useful for making ACP calculations on data that has been recalled from memory The results generated by ACPCOMPUTE are categorized as follows and can be queried using the respective query command shown lower ...

Page 386: ...N ACP indicates that the frequency span is too wide compared to the channel bandwidth to obtain an accurate measurement If any of these errors occurs the measurement is not completed To make a measurement adjust your instrument state settings depending on the error that has occurred Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ACPCOMPUTE ...

Page 387: ...iption The ACPFRQWT command can be used to effect the frequency weighting when making an adjacent channel power measurement Weighting is not used in the measurement if OFF has been selected Root raised cosine weighting is selected with the RRCOS parameter Parameters RRCOS OFF Preset State Off Query Response Figure 7 18 ACPFRQWT Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ACPFRQWT OFF ...

Page 388: ... is the same as the vertical scale for the spectrum trace usually 10 dB division The horizontal scale represents the channel spacing with 0 Hz spacing in the center and a scale factor that is the same as that for the spectrum trace or the frequency span divided by 10 divisions The graph can demonstrate how rapidly the ACP ratio changes with channel spacing The ACP graph is not defined for channel ...

Page 389: ...Chapter 7 389 Language Reference ACPGRAPH Adjacent Channel Power Graph Query Response Figure 7 20 ACPGRAPH Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ACPGRAPH ON ...

Page 390: ...wer Syntax Figure 7 21 ACPLOWER Syntax Description The ACPLOWER query command returns the power ratio result of the adjacent channel power measurement for the lower frequency channel Query Response Figure 7 22 ACPLOWER Query Response Example 10 REAL Low_chpwr 20 OUTPUT 718 ACPLOWER 30 ENTER 718 Low_chpwr ...

Page 391: ...cent Channel Power Syntax Figure 7 23 ACPMAX Syntax Description The ACPMAX query command returns the maximum adjacent channel power of the adjacent channel power measurement Query Response Figure 7 24 ACPMAX Query Response Example 10 REAL Max_chpwr 20 OUTPUT 718 ACPMAX 30 ENTER 718 Max_chpwr ...

Page 392: ...best settings for the measurement parameters will be used If the ACP state is set to current the measurement will be made with the current settings even though the results may not be optimum The instrument state parameters that can be affected by the ACPMEAS command are frequency span resolution bandwidth video bandwidth and detection mode If trace math or video averaging are currently on they wil...

Page 393: ... ACPBW Example 10 REAL Lower Upper Total_pwr Max_acp 20 OUTPUT 718 ACPMEAS 30 OUTPUT 718 ACPLOWER 40 ENTER 718 Lower 50 OUTPUT 718 ACPUPPER 60 ENTER 718 Upper 70 OUTPUT 718 ACPPWRTX 80 ENTER 718 Total_pwr 90 OUTPUT 718 ACPMAX 100 ENTER 718 Max_acp 110 PRINT USING K K ACPUPPER Upper 120 PRINT USING K K ACPLOWER Lower 130 PRINT USING K K ACPPWRTX Total_pwr 140 PRINT USING K K ACPMAX Max_acp 150 END ...

Page 394: ...ement Selects the analog method which measures the power in the main and adjacent channels assuming a continuous carrier The rms power of that carrier is detected using power detection This is done by using a video bandwidth that is much wider than the resolution bandwidth Then the power not the log of the power of each measurement cell is added This method measures analog FM systems PEAK METHOD P...

Page 395: ...n be estimated algebraically from measurements in two bandwidths The impulsive powers for all frequencies within each adjacent channel are converted to an equivalent voltage These voltages are assumed to be in phase so they are added to estimate a peak voltage in the channel and a peak power is computed The random powers are all added within a channel to give a peak random power The peak random po...

Page 396: ...e power is found by the power difference between an ungated measurement and the gated measurement This method supports the TIA EIA IS 54 NADC TDMA measurements Parameters ANALOG PEAK TWOBW BURST GATED Preset State Analog Query Response Figure 7 27 ACPMETHOD Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ACPMETHOD TWOBW ...

Page 397: ...ent state allows you to select unusual conditions such as testing to emerging standards that did not exist at the time this function was created The state parameters that could change between the default state and a current state include Resolution bandwidth Video bandwidth Span Sweep time Detector mode Gating parameters Trigger parameters Video averaging The center frequency for the measurement i...

Page 398: ... Chapter7 Language Reference ACPMSTATE Adjacent Channel Power Measurement State Parameters CURR current DFLT default Query Response Figure 7 29 ACPMSTATE Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ACPMSTATE CURR ...

Page 399: ...scription The ACPPWRTX query command returns the result of the total power transmitted calculation of the adjacent channel power measurement The measurement must be made with the analog or burst power method selected Query Response Figure 7 31 ACPPWRTX Query Response Example 10 REAL Totalpwr 20 OUTPUT 718 ACPPWRTX 30 ENTER 718 Totalpwr ...

Page 400: ... channels Different measurement methods that is ANALOG 2BW provide different power measurements These power ratios are described below ACP Ratio It is a measure of the channel power that is done as a continuous integration Random Power It is a measure of the power usually noise like that exists between the leading and falling edge transients of a burst signal Impulsive Power It is the peak power o...

Page 401: ...sus Results with 0 Alternate Channels Method Number of Results Set Results in order of output Analog 2 ACP ratio lower channel ACP ratio upper channel Peak 2 ACP ratio lower channel ACP ratio upper channel 2BW 6 Random power lower channel Impulsive power lower channel Weighted power lower channel Random power upper channel Impulsive power upper channel Weighted power upper channel Gated 6 Random l...

Page 402: ...D ANALOG 30 OUTPUT 718 ACPMEAS 40 OUTPUT 718 ACPRSLTS 50 ENTER 718 Low0_ratio Up0_ratio 60 ENTER 718 Low1_ratio Up1_ratio 70 ENTER 718 Low2_ratio Up2_ratio 80 END Table 7 4 Alternate Channels Alternate Channels Channels Used For Calculation Number of Values Returned 0 main channel 1 set lower adjacent channel see Table 7 1 on page 372 upper adjacent channel 1 above channels plus 2 sets first alter...

Page 403: ...ing is set between a minimum of 100 Hz to a maximum of 50 GHz The query returns the channel spacing in hertz The channel bandwidth cannot be more than twice the channel spacing to make a valid measurement The channel bandwidth is normally less than or equal to the channel spacing Typical channel spacing channel bandwidth values used for standards for analog FM radios include the following Channel ...

Page 404: ...Chapter7 Language Reference ACPSP Adjacent Channel Power Channel Spacing Query Response Figure 7 35 ACPSP Query Response Example 10 REAL Channelsp 20 Channelsp 12 5E3 30 OUTPUT 718 ACPSP Channelsp HZ 40 END ...

Page 405: ...Syntax Figure 7 36 ACPT Syntax Description The ACPT command is used to set the T used in weighting for an adjacent channel power measurement Parameters number real number between 1 µs and 1 s Query Response Figure 7 37 ACPT Query Response Example 10 REAL Tweight 20 Tweight 41E 6 30 OUTPUT 718 ACPT Tweight S 40 END ...

Page 406: ...ower Syntax Figure 7 38 ACPUPPER Syntax Description The ACPUPPER query command returns the power ratio result of the adjacent channel power measurement for the upper frequency channel Query Response Figure 7 39 ACPUPPER Query Response Example 10 REAL Up_chpwr 20 OUTPUT 718 ACPUPPER 30 ENTER 718 Up_chpwr ...

Page 407: ...ption The ADJALL command activates the RF local oscillator LO and intermediate frequency IF alignment routines These are the same routines that occur when the spectrum analyzer is switched on Commands following ADJALL are not executed until after the analyzer has finished the alignment routines Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ADJALL 20 END ...

Page 408: ... 7 42 on page 409 Use the X POSN Y POSN and TRACE ALIGN adjustments available from the rear panel on E series instruments to align the display Use X POSN and Y POSN to move the display horizontally and vertically respectively Use TRACE ALIGN to straighten a tilted display To remove the pattern from the screen execute the IP command EC series instruments do not require adjustment and are not adjust...

Page 409: ...Adjust CRT Alignment Figure 7 42 CRT Alignment Pattern Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ADJCRT 20 OUTPUT 2 CHR 255 K 30 PRINT TABXY 0 1 USE X POSN AND Y POSN 40 PRINT TABXY 0 3 TO ADJUST THE DISPLAY 50 INPUT THEN PRESS ENTER Ans 60 OUTPUT 718 IP 70 END ...

Page 410: ...se the IF is continuously adjusting executing the IF alignment routine is seldom necessary When the IF adjustment is not active an A appears on the left side of the display Parameters OFF turns the continuous IF adjustment off ON reactivates the continuous IF adjustment FULL IF adjustment is done for all IF settings CURR IF adjustment is done only for the IF settings currently displayed Preset Sta...

Page 411: ...Chapter 7 411 Language Reference ADJIF Adjust IF Query Response Figure 7 44 ADJIF Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ADJIF OFF 20 OUTPUT 718 ADJIF 30 ENTER 718 Adjif 40 PRINT Adjif 50 END ...

Page 412: ... is in clear write or max hold mode this function is continuous When AMB is active an M appears on the left side of the display The command AMBPL overrides AMB For more information on trace math refer to Chapter 5 NOTE The displayed amplitude of each trace element falls in one of 600 data points There are 10 points of overrange which corresponds to one sixth of a division of overrange When adding ...

Page 413: ...3 Language Reference AMB Trace A Minus Trace B Query Response Figure 7 46 AMB Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 CLRW TRB TS VIEW TRB AMB ON 30 OUTPUT 718 AMB 40 ENTER 718 Amb 50 PRINT Amb 60 END ...

Page 414: ... trace A When in linear mode the result is in volts If trace A is in clear write or max hold mode this function is continuous When this function is active an M appears on the left side of the display AMBPL overrides the AMB command NOTE The displayed amplitude of each trace element falls in one of 600 data points There are 10 points of overrange which corresponds to one sixth of a division of over...

Page 415: ...Trace A Minus Trace B Plus Display Line Query Response Figure 7 48 AMBPL Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 CLRW TRB TS VIEW TRB DL 50DBM 30 OUTPUT 718 AMBPL ON 40 OUTPUT 718 AMBPL 50 ENTER 718 Ambpl 60 PRINT Ambpl 70 END ...

Page 416: ...sed to compensate for frequency dependent amplitude variations When ampcor is on the current correction values are added to all measurement results Turning ampcor off does not erase the current frequency amplitude correction factors Performing an instrument preset IP or turning off the spectrum analyzer will turn off ampcor Preset State Off Query Response Figure 7 50 AMPCOR Query Response Example ...

Page 417: ...ection points that are used to normalize the spectrum analyzer measurement Up to 200 pairs of frequency amplitude correction points can be entered Whenever ampcor is on the correction values are added to all measurement results Setting ampcor off performing an instrument preset IP or turning off the spectrum analyzer turns off the amplitude correction Turning ampcor off does not erase the current ...

Page 418: ...requencies that are outside of the first and last correction values If any of the trace data is above or below the graticule the ampcor function may not properly correct it The spectrum analyzer amplitude accuracy is not specified above or below the graticule Anytime ampcor applies a correction such that data outside the graticule is moved to within the graticule an error error number 921 or 922 i...

Page 419: ...tax Figure 7 53 AMPCORSIZE Syntax Description The AMPCORSIZE query tells you how many frequency amplitude correction points are in the current correction table Parameters number integer from 0 to 200 Query Response Figure 7 54 AMPCORSIZE Query Response Example 10 REAL Ampcorpts 20 OUTPUT 718 AMPCORSIZE 30 ENTER 718 Ampcorpts 40 END ...

Page 420: ...L Syntax Description The AMPCORRCL function recalls a set of correction points from one of five possible registers The corrections must have been previously saved with the AMPCORSAVE command or the SAVE AMPCOR softkey Parameters number integer from 0 to 4 Example 10 REAL Regnumber 20 Regnumber 2 30 OUTPUT 718 AMPCORRCL Regnumber 40 END ...

Page 421: ...gure 7 56 AMPCORSAVE Syntax Description The AMPCORSAVE function saves the current correction points in one of ten possible registers The correction points can be recalled with the AMPCORRCL command Parameters number integer from 0 to 5 Example 10 REAL Regnumber 20 Regnumber 2 30 OUTPUT 718 AMPCORSAVE Regnumber 40 END ...

Page 422: ...Off Syntax Figure 7 57 ANNOT Syntax Description The ANNOT command turns the display annotation off or on Preset State On Query Response Figure 7 58 ANNOT Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 ANNOT OFF 30 OUTPUT 718 ANNOT 40 ENTER 718 Annot 50 PRINT Annot 60 END ...

Page 423: ...lts Trace A is placed in view mode This command is done immediately and not on a repetitive basis NOTE The displayed amplitude of each trace element falls in one of 600 data points There are 10 points of overrange which corresponds to one sixth of a division of overrange When adding or subtracting trace data any results exceeding this limit are clipped at the limit Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 2...

Page 424: ... dB only by numeric data entry and not by using the knob or step keys Parameters number integer from 0 to 70 in decade increments Numbers are rounded up to the nearest decade integer from 0 to 60 for the Agilent 8564E EC and Agilent 8565E EC AUTO sets the attenuation to coupled mode MAN sets the attenuation to manual mode UP or DN changes the attenuation by 10 dB but cannot set attenuation to 0 dB...

Page 425: ...Chapter 7 425 Language Reference AT Input Attenuation Query Response Figure 7 61 AT Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 AT UP 20 OUTPUT 718 AT 30 ENTER 718 At 40 PRINT At 50 END ...

Page 426: ...play AUNITS will affect the query responses of the following commands MKA TRA and TRB when in trace data format P format DL RL SQUELCH TH and VTL AUNITS is disabled when the 8560E EC Option 002 tracking generator is in use Parameters AUTO sets amplitude units to coupled mode For a log scale the units default to dBm for a linear scale units default to volts MAN sets amplitude units to manual mode P...

Page 427: ...Chapter 7 427 Language Reference AUNITS Absolute Amplitude Units Query Response Figure 7 63 AUNITS Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 AUNITS DBUV 20 OUTPUT 718 AUNITS 30 ENTER 718 Aunits 40 END ...

Page 428: ... coupled mode These functions can be recoupled individually or all at once The spectrum analyzer chooses appropriate values for these functions The video bandwidth and resolution bandwidth are set according to the coupled ratios stored with VBW RBW RATIO or RBW SPAN RATIO or the ratios selected using the VBR or RBR commands If no ratios are chosen default ratios 1 0 and 0 011 respectively are used...

Page 429: ... Trace B Syntax Figure 7 65 AXB Syntax Description The AXB command exchanges the contents of trace A with those of trace B If the traces are in clear write or max hold mode the mode is changed to view Otherwise the traces remain in their initial mode Example 10 OUTPUT 718 AXB 20 END ...

Page 430: ...ANK Blank Trace Syntax Figure 7 66 BLANK Syntax Description The BLANK command blanks the chosen trace from the display The current contents of the trace remain in the trace but are not updated Example 10 OUTPUT 718 BLANK TRA 20 OUTPUT 718 CLRW TRB 20 END ...

Page 431: ... which is then set to view mode In linear mode the results are in volts NOTE The displayed amplitude of each trace element falls into one of 600 data points There are 10 additional points of overrange which corresponds to one sixth of a division When adding or subtracting trace data any results exceeding the limits are clipped at that limit Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 BLANK TRA 30 OUTPU...

Page 432: ... CARROFF command measures the average power and the peak power of the carrier when the burst is off The powers are combined to provide a calculation of the leakage power Trace A or Trace B can be selected Query Response Figure 7 69 CARROFF Query Response Example 10 REAL Offpower 20 OUTPUT 718 CARROFF TRA 30 ENTER 718 Offpower 40 END ...

Page 433: ...it is within 20 dB of its peak level True mean carrier power is calculated by measuring the time waveform of the RF envelope converting the trace data from dB to power units and then averaging the power trace data The MEANPWR command makes a similar measurement but it allows you to define the on power range Query Response Figure 7 71 CARRON Query Response Example 10 REAL Carron_pwr 20 OUTPUT 718 C...

Page 434: ... sets the center frequency and sets the spectrum analyzer to center frequency and span mode The span remains constant unless it is limited by the spectrum analyzers frequency range The start and stop frequencies change as the center frequency changes Parameters number real from 0 to 2 9E 9 8560E EC 0 to 6 5E 9 Agilent 8561E EC ...

Page 435: ...mixer mode UP or DN 10 percent of the frequency span or the amount set by the SS command Preset State 1 45 GHz 8560E EC 3 25 GHz Agilent 8561E EC 6 6 GHz Agilent 8562E EC 13 25 GHz Agilent 8563E EC 20 GHz Agilent 8564E EC 50 GHz Agilent 8565E EC Query Response Figure 7 73 CF Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ TS 30 OUTPUT 718 CF 40 ENTER 718 Cf 50 PRINT Cf 60 ...

Page 436: ...er7 Language Reference CHANPWR Channel Power CHANPWR Channel Power Syntax Figure 7 74 CHANPWR Syntax Description The CHANPWR command measures the power within the channel power bandwidth specified by the command ...

Page 437: ...ter 7 437 Language Reference CHANPWR Channel Power Query Response Figure 7 75 CHANPWR Query Response Example 10 REAL Chanbw Chan_pwr 20 Chanbw 12 8 30 OUTPUT 718 CHANPWR TRA Chanbw KHZ 40 ENTER 718 Chan_pwr ...

Page 438: ...ion CHANNEL Channel Selection Syntax Figure 7 76 CHANNEL Syntax Description The CHANNEL command changes the spectrum analyzer center frequency higher UP or lower DN in frequency by one channel spacing Parameters UP DN down Example 10 OUTPUT 718 CHANNEL UP ...

Page 439: ...igure 7 77 CHPWRBW Syntax Description The CHPWRBW command is used to query or set the current value of the channel power bandwidth Channel power can be measured with the CHANPWR command Query Response Figure 7 78 CHPWRBW Query Response Example 10 REAL Powerbw 20 Powerbw 30 30 OUTPUT 718 CHPWRBW Powerbw KHZ ...

Page 440: ...RW Syntax Description The CLRW command sets the chosen trace to clear write mode This mode sets each element of the chosen trace to the bottom screen value then new data from the detector is put in the trace with each sweep Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 BLANK TRA CLRW TRB 30 END ...

Page 441: ...band K the mean conversion loss is defined as the minimum loss plus the maximum loss for that band divided by two Adjusting for conversion loss allows the system to remain calibrated that is the displayed amplitude values have the conversion loss incorporated into them The default value for any band is 30 dB The spectrum analyzer must be in external mixer mode in order for this command to work Whe...

Page 442: ...sponse Figure 7 81 CNVLOSS Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP MXRMODE EXT 20 INPUT ENTER DESIRED FREQUENCY BAND KAQUVEWFDGY OR J Fulband 30 OUTPUT 718 FULBAND Fulband 40 INPUT ENTER IN THE CONVERSION LOSS FOR THAT BAND Loss 50 OUTPUT 718 CNVLOSS Loss DB 60 END ...

Page 443: ...inuous Sweep Syntax Figure 7 82 CONTS Syntax Description The CONTS command activates the continuous sweep mode This mode enables another sweep at the completion of the current sweep once the trigger conditions are met Preset State On Example 10 OUTPUT 718 CONTS 20 END ...

Page 444: ...ignals while limiting the lower frequency range to 100 kHz although the analyzer will tune down to 0 Hz with signal attenuation This command is not available in an Agilent 8563E EC Agilent 8564E EC or Agilent 8565E EC they are always dc coupled Preset State AC Query Response Figure 7 84 COUPLE Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 COUPLE DC 20 PRINT CAUTION ANALYZER IS NOW DC COUPLED 30 OUTPUT 718 ...

Page 445: ...dwidth with respect to the power between the displayed delta markers The desired percent occupied power is specified with the DELMKBW command The power between the displayed markers is then used as the reference rather than using the total power in the frequency span as is done with the PWRBW command The current selected percent of the occupied power can be queried with the OCCUP command Parameter...

Page 446: ...r7 Language Reference DELMKBW Occupied Power Bandwidth Within Delta Marker Query Response Figure 7 86 DELMKBW Query Response Example 10 REAL Percentocc 20 Percentocc 90 30 OUTPUT 718 DELMKBW TRA Percentocc 40 END ...

Page 447: ...n a desired signal and then activate DEMOD demodulation takes place on this signal If no marker is on DEMOD automatically places a marker at the center of the trace and demodulates the frequency at that marker position Use the volume and squelch controls to adjust the speaker and listen DEMOD does not function for resolution bandwidths less than 300 Hz Preset State Off Query Response Figure 7 88 D...

Page 448: ... 108MHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 MKN EP 40 PRINT MOVE MARKER TO SIGNAL TO BE DEMODULATED PRESS HOLD 50 PRINT THEN PRESS CONTINUE 60 PAUSE 70 INPUT ENTER DEMODULATION TIME 1 SEC 60 SEC Dtim e 80 OUTPUT 718 DEMODT Dtime S 90 OUTPUT 718 DEMOD FM 100 LOCAL 718 110 PRINT ADJUST VOLUME AND SQUELCH AS NECESSARY 120 END ...

Page 449: ...AGC Syntax Description The DEMODAGC command turns the demodulation automatic gain control AGC on or off The AGC keeps the volume of the speaker relatively constant during AM demodulation AGC is available only during AM demodulation and when the frequency span is greater than 0 Hz Preset State Off Query Response Figure 7 90 DEMODAGC Query Response ...

Page 450: ...P OUTPUT 718 FA 550KHZ FB 1600KHZ OUTPUT 718 MKN EP PRINT MOVE MARKER TO SIGNAL TO BE DEMODULATED PRESS HOLD PRINT THEN PRESS CONTINUE PAUSE INPUT ENTER DEMODULATION TIME 1 60 SEC Dtime OUTPUT 718 DEMODT Dtime S OUTPUT 718 DEMOD AM DEMODAGC ON LOCAL 718 PRINT ADJUST VOLUME AND SQUELCH AS NECESSARY ...

Page 451: ...he sweep pauses at the marker to demodulate a signal The default value is 1 second When the frequency span equals 0 Hz demodulation is continuous except when between sweeps For truly continuous demodulation set the frequency span to 0 Hz and the trigger mode to single sweep see TM Parameters number real from 100E 3 to 60 UP or DN increments in a 1 2 5 10 sequence Preset State Off ...

Page 452: ...IP 20 OUTPUT 718 FA 88MHZ FB 108MHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 MKN EP 40 PRINT MOVE MARKER TO SIGNAL TO BE DEMODULATED PRESS H OLD 50 PRINT THEN PRESS CONTINUE 60 PAUSE 70 INPUT ENTER DEMODULATION TIME 1 SEC 60 SEC Dtime 80 OUTPUT 718 DEMODT Dtime S 90 OUTPUT 718 DEMOD FM 100 LOCAL 718 110 PRINT ADJUST VOLUME AND SQUELCH AS NECESSARY 120 END ...

Page 453: ...mode other than normal is chosen a D appears on the left side of the display Parameters NEG selects the negative peak detector The minimum signal values are displayed NRM selects the normal peak detector which displays both positive and negative peak values The noise floor displayed by alternately selecting positive and negative peaks When a signal is encountered the positive peak detector is used...

Page 454: ...s less than 30 ms if Option 007 is installed Sweeptimes of less than 50 ms are available only if the spectrum analyzer frequency span is set to zero 3 If the maximum hold trace mode is on the positive peak detector is used 4 If the minimum hold trace mode is on the negative peak detector is used 5 If none of the above rules apply the normal detector is used 6 If more than one of the above rules ap...

Page 455: ...uage Reference DL Display Line DL Display Line Syntax Figure 7 95 DL Syntax Description The DL command activates a horizontal display line for use as a visual aid or for computational purposes The default value is 0 dBm ...

Page 456: ...UP or DN changes the display line by one vertical division Preset State Off Query Response Figure 7 96 DT Query Response Example 10 INPUT ENTER START FREQUENCY IN MHZ Fa 20 INPUT ENTER STOP FREQUENCY IN MHZ Fb 30 OUTPUT 718 AUNITS DBUV 40 OUTPUT 718 FA Fa MHZ 50 OUTPUT 718 FB Fb MHZ 60 OUTPUT 718 DL 48DBUV 70 END ...

Page 457: ... times 30 ms the delay function can make the sweep start before the trigger event Executing DLYSWP n where n is a non zero number is the same as executing DLYSWP ON Executing DLYSWP 0 is the same as executing DLYSWP OFF A positive DLYSWP value causes a delayed sweep and a negative DLYSWP value causes the sweep to pre trigger Querying DLYSWP either returns the value of sweep delay length in seconds...

Page 458: ...P 0 Turns off DLYSWP Range with Option 007 sweep time 100 µs 2 5 ms to 65 535 ms sweep time 150 µs 5 0 ms to 65 535 ms sweep time 200 µs 7 5 ms to 65 535 ms sweep time 30 ms 9 999 ms to 65 535 ms Preset State Off Query Response Figure 7 98 DLYSWP Query Response Example OUTPUT 718 DLYSWP 10US Sets the sweep delay to 10 µs ...

Page 459: ...commands in a command string entered before DONE have been completed Sending a TS command before DONE ensures that the spectrum analyzer will complete a full sweep before continuing on in a program Query Response Figure 7 100 DONE Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP CF 1GHZ SP 2GHZ TS DONE 20 ENTER 718 Done 30 PRINT COMMAND STRING IS DONE 40 END ...

Page 460: ...here are no errors present For a list of error codes and descriptions refer to Chapter 9 Executing ERR clears all GPIB errors For best results enter error data immediately after querying for errors Each error code is three digits long Preset State Remote error list cleared Persistent errors are reentered into the error list Query Response Figure 7 102 ERR Query Response ...

Page 461: ...OS Err 70 IF Position_comma 0 THEN 80 multiple errors 90 First_error VAL Err 100 PRINT First_error 110 Err Err POS Err 1 120 REPEAT 130 Position_comma POS Err 140 Next_error VAL Err 150 PRINT Next_error 160 IF Position_comma THEN Err Err POS Err 1 170 UNTIL Position_comma 0 180 ELSE 190 Err VAL Err 200 IF Err 0 THEN 210 PRINT Err 220 ELSE 230 PRINT NO ERRORS 240 END IF 250 END IF 260 end routine 2...

Page 462: ...T Syntax Description The ET command returns to the controller the elapsed time in hours of analyzer operation This value can be reset only by a HAgilent Technologies service center Query Response Figure 7 104 ET Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ET 20 ENTER 718 Et 30 PRINT Et 40 END ...

Page 463: ...l mixing mode as either preselected PRE or unpreselected UNPR This command applies only to the selection of the type of external mixer to be used It does not switch the analyzer from internal to external mixing This command is not available for use with an Agilent 8560E EC Option 002 Query Response Figure 7 106 EXTMXR Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 EXTMXR PRE 20 END ...

Page 464: ...and sets the spectrum analyzer to start frequency and stop frequency mode If the start frequency exceeds the stop frequency the stop frequency increases to equal the start frequency plus the minimum span The center frequency and span change with changes in the start frequency Parameters number real from 0 to 2 9E 9 8560E EC 0 to 6 5E 9 Agilent 8561E EC ...

Page 465: ...563E EC 0 to 40E 9 Agilent 8564E EC 0 to 50E 9 Agilent 8565E EC from 18E 9 to 325E 9 in external mixer mode UP or DN increments in 10 percent of span Preset State 0 Hz Query Response Figure 7 108 FA Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 FA 88MHZ FB 108MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 FA 30 ENTER 718 Fa 40 PRINT Fa 50 END ...

Page 466: ... The FB command sets the stop frequency and sets the spectrum analyzer to start frequency and stop frequency mode If the stop frequency is less than the start frequency the start frequency decreases to equal the stop frequency minus 100 Hz The center frequency and span change with changes in the stop frequency ...

Page 467: ...4E EC 0 to 50E 9 Agilent 8565E EC from 18E 9 to 325E 9 in external mixer mode UP or DN increments in 10 percent of span Preset State 2 9 GHz 8560E EC 6 5 GHz Agilent 8561E EC 13 2 GHz Agilent 8562E EC 26 5 GHz Agilent 8563E EC 40 GHz Agilent 8564E EC 50 GHz Agilent 8565E EC Query Response Figure 7 110 FB Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 FA 88MHZ FB 108MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 FB 30 ENTER 718 Fb 40 PR...

Page 468: ...o the current start frequency SMP returns the sampling oscillator frequency corresponding to the current start frequency HARM returns the sampler harmonic number corresponding to the current start frequency MROLL returns the frequency corresponding to the current setting of the fractional N phase locked loop POSTSC returns the value of the postscaler either 5 6 or 7 RAWOSC returns the fractional N...

Page 469: ... Language Reference FDIAG Frequency Diagnostics Query Response Figure 7 112 FDIAG Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 FDIAG SMP 20 ENTER 718 Fdiag 30 PRINT DIAGNOSTIC FREQUENCY IS Fdiag 40 END MROLL RAWOSC 2 POSTSC ...

Page 470: ...ribes the spectrum analyzer frequency setting This includes start and stop frequencies center frequency frequency span marker readouts center frequency step size and signal identification to center frequency To retrieve the frequency data query the spectrum analyzer To reactivate the annotation execute the IP command Preset State On Query Response Figure 7 114 FDSP Query Response ...

Page 471: ...Chapter 7 471 Language Reference FDSP Frequency Display Off Example 10 OUTPUT 718 FDSP OFF 20 OUTPUT 718 FDSP 30 ENTER 718 Fdsp 40 PRINT Fdsp 50 END ...

Page 472: ...1 points FFT is designed to be used in transforming zero span amplitude modulation information into the frequency domain Performing an FFT on a frequency sweep will not provide time domain results and is not recommended The FFT results are displayed on the spectrum analyzer in a logarithmic amplitude scale For the horizontal dimension the frequency at the left side of the graticule is 0 Hz and at ...

Page 473: ...d frequency resolution due to filter shape factor and sidelobes Windows are weighing functions that are applied to the input data to force the ends of that data smoothly to zero thus reducing the step discontinuity and reducing measurement errors Three types of windows are available using the TWNDOW command FLATTOP provides optimum amplitude accuracy HANNING provides an amplitude accuracy and freq...

Page 474: ...ansform Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 CF 300 MHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 SP 0HZ ST 50MS 40 OUTPUT 718 TWNDOW TRA UNIFORM 50 OUTPUT 718 CLRW TRB 60 OUTPUT 718 SNGLS TS TS 70 OUTPUT 718 FFT TRA TRB TRA 80 OUTPUT 718 BLANK TRB 90 OUTPUT 718 VIEW TRA 100 END ...

Page 475: ...Syntax Description The FOFFSET command adds a specified offset to the displayed absolute frequency values including marker frequency values It does not affect the frequency range of the sweep nor does it affect relative frequency readouts When this function is active an F appears on the left side of the display ...

Page 476: ... 26 5E 9 Agilent 8563E EC real from 0 to 40E 9 Agilent 8564E EC real from 0 to 50E 9 Agilent 8565E EC UP or DN changes by 10 percent of span Preset State Off Query Response Figure 7 117 FOFFSET Query Response Example 10 INPUT ENTER DESIRED FREQUENCY OFFSET IN HERTZ Foffset 20 OUTPUT 718 FOFFSET Foffset HZ 30 OUTPUT 718 FOFFSET 40 ENTER 718 Foffset 50 PRINT THE FREQUENCY OFFSET IS Foffset HZ 60 END...

Page 477: ... external reference EXT An external reference must be 10 MHz 100 Hz at a minimum amplitude of 0 dBm Connect the external reference to J9 10 MHz REF IN OUT on the rear panel When the external mode is selected an X appears on the left edge of the display Preset State Internal Query Response Figure 7 119 FREF Query Response Example 10 INPUT WHAT IS THE FREQUENCY REFERENCE SOURCE INT OR EXT Src 20 OUT...

Page 478: ...ion The FS command selects the full frequency span as defined by the instrument The full span is Example 10 OUTPUT 718 FS 20 END Spectrum Analyzer Full Span 8560E EC 2 9 GHz Agilent 8561E EC 6 5 GHz Agilent 8562E EC 13 2 GHz Agilent 8563E EC 26 5 GHz Agilent 8564E EC 40 GHz Agilent 8565E EC 50 GHz ...

Page 479: ...n page 372 The harmonic lock function HNLOCK is also set this locks the harmonic of the chosen band External mixing functions are not available with an 8560E EC Option 002 Table 7 5 Unpreselected External Mixer Frequency Bands Frequency Band Frequency Range GHz Mixing Harmonic Conversion Loss K 18 0 to 26 5 6 30 dB A 26 5 to 40 0 8 30 dB Q 33 0 to 50 0 10 30 dB U 40 0 to 60 0 10 30 dB V 50 0 to 75...

Page 480: ...SIRED SIGNAL 60 PRINT PRESS THE ANALYZER HOLD KEY THEN PRESS CONTINUE 70 PAUSE 80 OUTPUT 718 SNGLS TS SIGID AUTO DONE 90 ENTER 718 Done 100 OUTPUT 718 IDFREQ 110 ENTER 718 Idfreq 120 IF Idfreq 0 THEN 130 PRINT Idfreq 140 ELSE 150 PRINT NO SIGNAL FOUND 160 END IF 170 OUTPUT 718 CONTS 180 LOCAL 718 190 END D 110 0 to 170 0 30 30 dB G 140 0 to 220 0 36 30 dB Y 170 0 to 260 0 44 30 dB J 220 0 to 325 0...

Page 481: ...gating function When the time gating function is turned on the spectrum analyzer activates the time gate circuitry according to the parameters controlled by gate length GL gate delay GD and the gate trigger input Preset State Off Query Response A 0 is returned if the time gate function is off a 1 is returned if the time gate function is on ...

Page 482: ...482 Chapter7 Language Reference GATE Gate Figure 7 123 GATE Query Response Example OUTPUT 718 GATE ON Turns on the gating ...

Page 483: ...unction In the edge mode a specified trigger edge starts the gate delay timer that in turn starts the gate length timer In the level mode the gate follows the trigger input level The gate polarity GP gate delay time GD and gate time length GL are operational in the edge mode but not in the level mode Preset State Edge Query Response Figure 7 125 GATECTL Query Response Example OUTPUT 718 GATECTL LE...

Page 484: ...he GD command sets the delay time from when the gate trigger occurs to when the gate is turned on GD applies only if GATECTL is set to EDGE Parameters number real from 3 µs to 65 535 ms Preset State 3 µs Query Response Figure 7 127 GD Query Response Example OUTPUT 718 GD 20US Sets the gate delay to 20 µs ...

Page 485: ...tax Description The GL command sets the length of time the time gate is turned on GL applies only if GATECTL is set to EDGE Parameters number real from 1 µs to 65 535 ms Preset State 1 µs Query Response Figure 7 129 GL Query Response Example OUTPUT 718 GL 15US Sets the gate length to 15 µs ...

Page 486: ... edge mode the gate delay timer can be triggered on either a positive or negative edge of the trigger input If the gate control is in level mode and positive is chosen the gate will be on when the trigger input is high If the gate control is in level mode and negative is chosen the gate will be on when the trigger input is low Preset State Positive Query Response Figure 7 131 GP Query Response Exa...

Page 487: ...ticule On Off Syntax Figure 7 132 GRAT Syntax Description The GRAT command turns the display graticule on or off Preset State On Query Response Figure 7 133 GRAT Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 GRAT OFF 20 OUTPUT 718 GRAT 30 ENTER 718 Grat 40 PRINT Grat 50 END ...

Page 488: ...nce HD Hold HD Hold Syntax Figure 7 134 HD Syntax Description The HD command freezes the active function at its current value If no function is active no operation takes place Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ HD 20 END ...

Page 489: ...priate harmonic for the desired band To change the harmonic number use HNLOCK Table 7 6 on page 490 shows the frequency bands and the harmonics that sweep each band Note that HNLOCK also works in internal mixing modes Once FULBAND or HNLOCK are set only center frequencies and spans that fall within the frequency band of the current harmonic can be entered When the FS command is activated the span ...

Page 490: ...ENCY IN GHZ Fa 30 INPUT SELECT THE STOP FREQUENCY IN GHZ Fb 40 INPUT ENTER HARMONIC DESIRED TO SWEEP RANGE Harm 50 OUTPUT 718 FA Fa GHZ 60 OUTPUT 718 FB Fb GHZ 70 OUTPUT 718 HNLOCK Harm 80 END Table 7 6 Frequency Bands and the Corresponding LO Harmonic For Unpreselected Mixers Frequency Range GHz Mixing Harmonic 18 00 to 26 50 6 26 50 to 40 00 8 33 00 to 50 00 10 40 00 to 60 00 10 50 00 to 75 00 1...

Page 491: ...of the locked harmonic number Also when HNUNLK is executed more than one harmonic can then be used to sweep across a desired span For example sweep a span from 18 GHz to 40 GHz In this case the analyzer will automatically sweep first using 6 mixing harmonic then using 8 mixing harmonic This command is not available with an 8560E EC Option 002 Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP MXRMODE EXT FULBAND Q 20 OUTPU...

Page 492: ...tion Syntax Figure 7 138 ID Syntax Description The ID command returns the model number of the spectrum analyzer for example HP8563E EC and any options installed Query Response Figure 7 139 ID Query Response Example 10 DIM Id 80 20 OUTPUT 718 ID 30 ENTER 718 Id 40 PRINT Id 50 END ...

Page 493: ...GID must be in AUTO mode and have found a valid result for this command to execute properly Use SIGID on signals when in external mixing mode IDCF only applies to spectrum analyzers with firmware revisions 920528 or with Option 008 The command does not apply to an 8560E EC Option 002 or when the spectrum analyzer is configured to use preselected external mixers Example 10 OUTPUT 718 SIGID AUTO 20 ...

Page 494: ...er an instrument preset or an invalid signal identification IDFREQ returns a 0 IDFREQ only applies to spectrum analyzers with firmware revisions 920528 or with Option 008 The command does not apply to an 8560E EC Option 002 or when the spectrum analyzer is configured to use preselected external mixers Query Response Figure 7 142 IDFREQ Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IDFREQ 20 ENTER 718 Idfre...

Page 495: ...718 Include the TS command after IP when the next command will operate on trace data such as TRA Table 7 7 8560 E Series and EC Series Preset States Function State 10 MHz REF INTERNAL A B A OFF A B DISPLAY LINE A OFF AGC OFF ANNOTATION ON AUTO IF ADJUST ON BAND LOCK OFF CENTER FREQUENCY 1 45 GHz 8560E EC 3 25 GHz Agilent 8561E EC 6 6 GHz Agilent 8562E EC 13 25 GHz Agilent 8563E EC 20 GHz Agilent 8...

Page 496: ...sitive GRATICULE ON INPUT ATTENUATION 10 dB AUTO MARKER MODE OFF MAX MIXER LEVEL 10 dBm MIXER INT MIXER CONV LOSS 30 0 dBm OFF NOISE MARKER OFF PEAK EXCURSION 6 dB PEAK THRESHOLD 130 dBm PRESELECTOR PEAK TABLE FACTORY DATA not for 8560E EC RBW to SPAN RATIO 0 011 REFERENCE LEVEL 0 dBm REFERENCE LEVEL OFFSET 0 dB OFF RESOLUTION BW 1 MHz AUTO SIGNAL IDENTIFICATION OFF SIGNAL TRACK OFF SPAN 2 9 GHz 8...

Page 497: ...s AUTO Agilent 8563E EC 800 ms AUTO Agilent 8564E EC 1 s AUTO Agilent 8565E EC THRESHOLD 90 dBm OFF TRACE A CLEAR WRITE TRACE B BLANK TRACE DATA FORMAT P TRIGGER MODE CONTINUOUS TRIGGER POLARITY Positive TRIGGER SOURCE FREE RUN UNITS dBm AUTO VERTICAL SCALE 10 dB per DIV VBW to RBW RATIO 1 VIDEO BW 1 MHz AUTO VIDEO AVERAGE 100 OFF VIDEO TRIG LEVEL 0 dBm Table 7 7 8560 E Series and EC Series Preset...

Page 498: ...a 1 2 5 or 10 dB logarithmic amplitude scale When in linear mode querying LG returns a 0 The 1 dB per division and 5 dB per division scales are not available for sweep times less than 30 ms Parameters number 1 2 5 or 10 UP or DN increments in a 1 2 5 10 sequence Preset State 10 dB per division Query Response Figure 7 145 LG Query Response ...

Page 499: ...Chapter 7 499 Language Reference LG Logarithmic Scale Example 10 OUTPUT 718 LG 10DB 20 OUTPUT 718 AUNITS DBMV 30 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKRL 40 OUTPUT 718 LG 2DB 50 END ...

Page 500: ...ce LN Linear Scale LN Linear Scale Syntax Figure 7 146 LN Syntax Description The LN command selects a linear amplitude scale Measurements made on a linear scale can be read out in any amplitude units Example 10 OUTPUT 718 LN 20 END ...

Page 501: ...ive or negative bias is on When the bias is turned off MBIAS is set to 0 Default units are in milliamps This function does not apply to an 8560E EC Option 002 CAUTION The open circuit voltage can be as great as 3 5 V through a source resistance of 300 ohms Such voltage may appear when recalling an instrument state in which an active bias has been stored NOTE The bias value that appears on the spec...

Page 502: ...OUTPUT 718 IP MXRMODE EXT FULBAND U 20 OUTPUT 718 MKN EP 30 PRINT MOVE THE MARKER TO THE DESIRED SIGNAL 40 PRINT PRESS HOLD THEN PRESS CONTINUE 50 PAUSE 60 INPUT ENTER THE BIAS VALUE IN MA Bias 70 OUTPUT 718 MBIAS Bias MA 80 OUTPUT 718 MBIAS EP 90 PRINT ADJUST BIAS IF NECESSARY 100 PRINT PRESS HOLD THEN PRESS CONTINUE 110 PAUSE 120 OUTPUT 718 SIGID AUTO TS DONE 130 ENTER 718 Done 140 PRINT Done 15...

Page 503: ...n state can be set with the command The amplitude range is set relative to the peak value of the signal The CARRON command is similar except that it doesn t allow definition the range of powers that are the on state The reference level and input attenuation are set automatically based on the measured power level of the carrier Several sweeps are used to measure the true mean carrier power True mea...

Page 504: ...504 Chapter7 Language Reference MEANPWR Mean Power Measurement Query Response Figure 7 150 MEANPWR Query Response Example 10 REAL Onrange 20 Onrange 10 30 OUTPUT 718 MEANPWR TRB Onrange DB ...

Page 505: ...alyzer is set to sweep and make measurements continuously the command returns CONTS If it is set to make a single sweep with a single measurement it returns SNGLS The spectrum analyzer can be set to single sweep and continuous sweep using the SNGLS and CONTS commands Parameters SNGLS CONTS Example FILLER TEXT Query Response Figure 7 152 MEAS Query Response 10 OUTPUT 718 MEAS 20 ENTER 718 Sweepstat...

Page 506: ... This function employs the negative peak detector refer to the DET command Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 INPUT ENTER START FREQUENCY IN MHZ Fa 30 INPUT ENTER STOP FREQUENCY IN MHZ Fb 40 OUTPUT 718 FA Fa MHZ 50 OUTPUT 718 FB Fb MHZ 60 OUTPUT 718 TS MINH TRA 70 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKD 80 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK NH MKA AUNITS 90 ENTER 718 USING K Difference Aunits 100 PRINT DIFFERENCE IN AMPLITUDE I...

Page 507: ...er at the center of the trace and returns that amplitude value Query Response Figure 7 155 MKA Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 INPUT ENTER IN DESIRED CENTER FREQUENCY IN MHZ Cf 30 INPUT ENTER IN DESIRED FREQUENCY SPAN IN MHZ Sp 40 OUTPUT 718 CF Cf MHZ 50 OUTPUT 718 SP Sp MHZ 60 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI 70 OUTPUT 718 MKA AUNITS 80 ENTER 718 USING K Mka Aunits 90 PRINT HIGHEST PEAK IS ...

Page 508: ...ker is present or the signal peak if no on screen marker is present When the command is used manually a peak search is automatically performed and the bandwidth of the largest signal on screen is displayed in the message area Parameter integer any valid negative integer 0 to the amplitude of the noise floor Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 CF 300MHZ SP 100MHZ SNGLS 30 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI 4...

Page 509: ...yntax Description The MKCF command sets the center frequency to the frequency value of an active marker Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 INPUT ENTER IN DESIRED START FREQUENCY IN MHZ Fa 30 INPUT ENTER IN DESIRED STOP FREQUENCY IN MHZ Fb 40 OUTPUT 718 FA Fa MHZ 50 OUTPUT 718 FB Fb MHZ 60 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKCF TS 70 END ...

Page 510: ... 7 158 MKCHEDGE Syntax Description The MKCHEDGE command moves the markers to 0 5 channel spacings from the current center frequency This command can be used with the MKDELCHBW command to make power measurements within a channel while multiple channels are being shown on the display Example 10 OUTPUT 718 MKCHEDGE ...

Page 511: ...ces a second marker on the trace The number specifies the distance in frequency or time when the spectrum analyzer is in zero span between the two markers When using zero span data entered or output is always interpreted as microseconds US Parameters number dependent upon the chosen span UP or DN increments in 10 percent of span ...

Page 512: ...erence MKD Marker Delta Query Response Figure 7 160 MKD Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP CF 450MHZ SP 400MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKD 300MHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 MKPK HI MKD MKPK NH MKD 40 ENTER 718 Mkd 50 PRINT Mkd 60 END ...

Page 513: ...nel power bandwidth to the value of the frequency difference between the current delta markers This command is useful when making the occupied channel power measurements Use the MKDELCHBW command to change the desired channel power to the power between the current delta markers The MKMCF command can then be used to center this bandwidth on the display for making further measurements Example 10 OUT...

Page 514: ...al of Marker Delta MKDR Reciprocal of Marker Delta Syntax Figure 7 162 MKDR Syntax Description The MKDR command displays the reciprocal of the frequency or time when in zero span difference between two markers Parameter number from 10E 12 to 20E 3 ...

Page 515: ...ence MKDR Reciprocal of Marker Delta Query Response Figure 7 163 MKDR Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 CF 300MHZ SP 200MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKD MKPK NH MKDR 30 ENTER 718 Period 40 PRINT THE TIME PERIOD IS Period 50 END ...

Page 516: ...d places an active marker on the chosen frequency or can be queried to return the frequency of the active marker Default units are in hertz Parameter number real from 0 to 2 9E 9 8560E EC 0 to 6 5E 9 Agilent 8561E EC 0 to 13 2E 9 Agilent 8562E EC 0 to 26 5E 9 Agilent 8563E EC 0 to 40E 9 Agilent 8564E EC 0 to 50E 9 Agilent 8565E EC ...

Page 517: ...arker Frequency from 18E 9 to 325E 9 in external mixer mode Query Response Figure 7 165 MKF Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ MKF 290MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKF 30 ENTER 718 Marker_freq 40 PRINT Marker_freq 50 END ...

Page 518: ... on the marked signal goes into zero span counts the value and then starts a new sweep To adjust the frequency counter resolution use the MKFCR command To return the counter value use the MKF command Preset State Offf Example 10 INPUT ENTER IN THE DESIRED CENTER FREQUENCY IN MHZ F req 20 INPUT ENTER IN THE DESIRED FREQUENCY SPAN IN MHZ Span 30 OUTPUT 718 IP CF Freq MHZ 40 OUTPUT 718 SP Span MHZ 50...

Page 519: ...y Counter Resolution Syntax Figure 7 167 MKFCR Syntax Description The MKFCR command specifies the resolution of the frequency counter Refer to the MKFC command The default value is 10 kHz Parameter number 1 Hz to 1 MHz in powers of ten Query Response Figure 7 168 MKFCR Query Response ...

Page 520: ...TPUT 718 IP CF Freq MHZ 40 OUTPUT 718 SP Span MHZ 50 INPUT ENTER DESIRED FREQUENCY COUNTER RESOLUTION IN HZ Resolution 60 OUTPUT 718 MKFCR Resolution HZ 70 OUTPUT 718 MKN EP 80 PRINT PLACE THE MARKER ON THE DESIRED SIGNAL 90 PRINT PRESS HOLD ON THE ANALYZER THEN PRESS CONTINUE 100 PAUSE 110 OUTPUT 718 MKFC ON 120 OUTPUT 718 MKF 130 ENTER 718 Freq_count 140 PRINT FREQUENCY IS Freq_count HZ 150 END ...

Page 521: ...idpoint of the two displayed markers to the spectrum analyzer center frequency This command is useful when making occupied channel power measurements Use the MKDELCHBW command to change the desired channel power to the power between the current delta markers The MKMCF command can then be used to center this bandwidth on the display for making further measurements Example 10 OUTPUT 718 MKMCF ...

Page 522: ...mple 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 INPUT ENTER IN THE START FREQUENCY IN MHZ Start_freq 30 INPUT ENTER IN THE STOP FREQUENCY IN MHZ Stop_freq 40 OUTPUT 718 FA Start_freq MHZ 50 OUTPUT 718 FB Stop_freq MHZ 60 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKD MKMIN MKF 70 ENTER 718 Delta_freq 80 OUTPUT 718 MKA 90 ENTER 718 Delta_amp 100 PRINT DIFFERENCE IN FREQUENCY IS Delta_freq HZ 110 PRINT DIFFERENCE IN AMPLITUDE IS Delta_a...

Page 523: ...rker Normal Syntax Figure 7 171 MKN Syntax Description The MKN command places an active marker on the specified frequency If no frequency is specified MKN places the marker at the center of the trace When in zero span querying MKN returns the center frequency ...

Page 524: ...xer mode UP or DN increments in 10 percent of span Query Response Figure 7 172 MKN Query Response Example 10 INPUT ENTER IN THE START FREQUENCY IN MHZ Start_fre q 20 INPUT ENTER IN THE STOP FREQUENCY IN MHZ Stop_freq 30 OUTPUT 718 IP FA Start_freq MHZ 40 OUTPUT 718 FB Stop_freq MHZ 50 OUTPUT 718 MKN EP 60 PRINT PLACE THE MARKER ON THE DESIRED SIGNAL 70 PRINT PRESS HOLD THEN PRESS CONTINUE 80 PAUSE...

Page 525: ...e right of the marker This average is corrected for effects of the log or linear amplifier bandwidth shape IF detector and resolution bandwidth If two markers are on whether in marker delta mode or 1 marker delta mode MKNOISE works on the active marker and not on the anchor marker This allows you to measure signal to noise density directly To query the value use the MKA command Query Response Figu...

Page 526: ...eference MKNOISE Marker Noise 20 ENTER 718 Amp_1 30 OUTPUT 718 MKD UP UP MKNOISE ON MKA MKNOISE OFF 40 ENTER 718 Amp_2 50 DISP Amp_2 60 C_to_n Amp_1 Amp_2 70 PRINT CARRIER TO NOISE RATIO IN 1 HZ BANDWIDTH IS C_to_n DB 80 END ...

Page 527: ...uage Reference MKOFF Marker Off MKOFF Marker Off Syntax Figure 7 175 MKOFF Syntax Description The MKOFF command turns off the active marker Executing MKOFF ALL turns off all markers Example 10 OUTPUT 718 MKOFF ALL 20 END ...

Page 528: ...in order for a peak to be found If no parameter or the HI parameter is specified only the peak threshold criteria must be met for a peak to be found If no peak is found the marker will appear on the trace at the center of the display See also the MKPT and MKPX commands Parameters HI finds the highest point on a trace NH finds the next highest point on a trace NR finds the next right peak NL finds ...

Page 529: ...arch 60 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKD MKPK NH 70 OUTPUT 718 MKA 80 ENTER 718 Delta_amplitude 90 OUTPUT 718 MKF 100 ENTER 718 Delta_freq 110 PRINT DIFFERENCE IN FREQUENCY IS Delta_freq HZ 120 PRINT DIFFERENCE IN AMPLITUDE IS Delta_amplitude DB 130 END ...

Page 530: ...30 dBm See also the MKPX command Any portion of a peak that falls below the peak threshold is used to satisfy the peak excursion criteria For example a peak that is equal to 3 dB above the threshold when the peak excursion is equal to 6 dB will be found if the peak extends an additional 3 dB or more below the threshold level Parameters number real from 200 to 30 UP or DN increments of 10 dB Query ...

Page 531: ... IP SNGLS 20 INPUT ENTER START FREQUENCY IN MHZ Start_freq 30 INPUT ENTER STOP FREQUENCY IN MHZ Stop_freq 40 INPUT ENTER IN MARKER THRESHOLD IN DB Thresh 50 OUTPUT 718 FA Start_freq MHZ 60 OUTPUT 718 FB Stop_freq MHZ 70 OUTPUT 718 MKPT Thresh DBM 80 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI 90 END ...

Page 532: ... dB the amplitude of the sides of a candidate peak must descend at least 10 dB in order to be considered a peak See Figure 7 180 on page 533 The default value is 6 dB In linear mode enter the marker peak excursion as a unitless number of divisions Any portion of a peak that falls below the peak threshold is also used to satisfy the peak excursion criteria For example a peak that is equal to 3 dB a...

Page 533: ...ak Excursion Figure 7 180 MKPX Determines Which Signals are Considered Peaks Parameters number real from 0 1 to 10 in linear mode 0 to 30 in log mode UP or DN 1 vertical division of the display Query Response Figure 7 181 MKPX Query Response ...

Page 534: ... OUTPUT 718 IP FA 250MHZ FB 1300MHZ 20 INPUT ENTER IN PEAK EXCURSION IN DB Excursion 30 OUTPUT 718 MKPX Excursion DB 40 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKA 50 ENTER 718 Mka 60 OUTPUT 718 MKF 70 ENTER 718 Mkf 80 PRINT PEAK FOUND AT Mkf 90 PRINT PEAK AMPLITUDE IS Mka 100 END ...

Page 535: ...f an active marker If no marker is active MKRL places a marker at the center of the trace and uses that marker amplitude to set the reference level This command is not available when in delta marker mode Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKRL TS 30 OUTPUT 718 RL AUNITS 40 ENTER 718 USING K Ref_level Aunits 50 PRINT REFERENCE LEVEL IS Ref_level Aunits 60 END...

Page 536: ... to the frequency difference between two markers on a trace The start frequency is set equal to the frequency of the left most marker and the stop frequency is set equal to the frequency of the right most marker Example 10 INPUT CONNECT THE 300 MHZ CALIBRATOR TO THE INPUT Ans 20 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS FA 270MHZ FB 1275MHZ TS 30 OUTPUT 718 MKPK HI MKD MKPK NH TS MKSP TS 40 END ...

Page 537: ...ze equal to the frequency value of the active marker Example 10 INPUT CONNECT THE 300 MHZ CALIBRATOR TO THE INPUT An s 20 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ TS 30 OUTPUT 718 MKPK HI MKSS MKD CF UP TS MKPK HI 40 OUTPUT 718 MKA 50 ENTER 718 Delta_amplitude 60 OUTPUT 718 MKF 70 ENTER 718 Delta_freq 80 PRINT DIFFERENCE IN AMPLITUDE IS Delta_amplitude DB 90 PRINT DIFFERENCE IN FREQUENCY IS Delta_fr...

Page 538: ...ption The MKT command places a marker at a position that corresponds to a specified point in time during the sweep Default units are seconds Parameter number real from 0 to the current sweep time Preset State Off Query Response Figure 7 186 MKT Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ST 2S MKT 1 6S 20 END ...

Page 539: ...ACK performs a peak search MKPK and then changes the center frequency of the spectrum analyzer to the frequency of the peak thus maintaining the marker value at the center frequency This allows you to zoom in quickly from a wide span to a narrow one without losing the signal from the screen Or use MKTRACK to keep a slowly drifting signal centered on the display When this function is active a K app...

Page 540: ... Figure 7 188 MKTRACK Query Response Example 10 INPUT ENTER IN CENTER FREQUENCY IN MHZ Freq 20 INPUT ENTER IN FREQUENCY SPAN IN MHZ Span 30 OUTPUT 718 IP 40 OUTPUT 718 CF Freq MHZ TS 50 OUTPUT 718 MKTRACK ON 60 OUTPUT 718 SP Span MHZ TS 70 OUTPUT 718 MKTRACK OFF 80 END ...

Page 541: ...level that is at the input mixer The attenuator automatically adjusts to ensure that this level is not exceeded for signals less than the reference level Parameters number integer from 80 to 10 in decade increments Numbers round down to the nearest decade UP or DN increments by 10 dB Preset State 10 dBm Query Response Figure 7 190 ML Query Response ...

Page 542: ...542 Chapter7 Language Reference ML Mixer Level Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ML 40DBM 20 OUTPUT 718 ML 30 ENTER 718 Ml 40 PRINT Ml 50 END ...

Page 543: ...mmand updates the chosen trace with the maximum signal level detected at each trace data point from subsequent sweeps This function employs the positive peak detector refer to the DET command The detector mode can be changed if desired after maximum hold is initialized Example 10 OUTPUT 718 BLANK TRA CLRW TRB MXMH TRB 20 END ...

Page 544: ...XRMODE command specifies the mixer mode You can select either the internal mixer INT or an external mixer EXT This command does not apply to an 8560E EC Option 002 Preset State Internal Query Response Figure 7 193 MXRMODE Query Response Example 10 INPUT ENTER THE MIXER MODE INT OR EXT Mode 20 OUTPUT 718 MXRMODE Mode 30 END ...

Page 545: ...a reference trace into trace B Refer to the respective command descriptions for more information Normalization is not available when using linear mode Accurate normalization occurs only if the reference trace and the measured trace are on screen If any of these traces are off screen an error message will be displayed If the error message ERR 903 A DLMT is displayed the range level RL can be adjust...

Page 546: ...20 OUTPUT 718 FA 300KHZ FB 1GHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON 40 OUTPUT 718 SWPCPL SR 50 OUTPUT 718 RB 100KHZ 60 OUTPUT 718 SRCTKPK DONE 70 ENTER 718 Done 80 PRINT CONNECT THRU PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY TO STORE 90 PAUSE 100 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 110 ENTER 718 Done 120 OUTPUT 718 STORETHRU 130 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 140 ENTER 718 Done 150 OUTPUT 718 NORMLIZE ON 160 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 170 ENTER 718 Done 180 LOC...

Page 547: ...or dynamic range In normalized mode relative power or dB measurement mode NRL offsets the trace data on screen and does not affect the instrument gain or attenuation settings This allows the displayed normalized trace to be moved without decreasing the measurement accuracy due to changes in gain or RF attenuation If the measurement range must be changed to bring trace data on screen then the range...

Page 548: ...d prior to saving the state using the SAVES 8 or SAVES 9 command Parameters number real from 100 to 100 Preset State 0 dB Query Response Figure 7 197 NRL Query Response Example The following example is for use with an 8560E EC Option 002 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 OUTPUT 718 FA 300KHZ FB 1GHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON 40 OUTPUT 718 SWPCPL SR 50 OUTPUT 718 SRCTKPK DONE 60 ENTER 718 Done 70 PRINT CONNE...

Page 549: ...Chapter 7 549 Language Reference NRL Normalized Reference Level 210 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 220 ENTER 718 Done 230 LOCAL 718 240 END ...

Page 550: ...e position on the graticule where the difference between the measured and calibrated traces resides The dB value of the normalized reference position is equal to the normalized reference level The normalized reference position can be adjusted between 0 0 and 10 0 corresponding to the bottom and top graticule lines respectively Parameters number real from 0 0 to 10 0 UP or DN increments by 1 0 Pres...

Page 551: ...UT 718 SWPCPL SR 50 OUTPUT 718 SRCTKPK DONE 60 ENTER 718 Done 70 PRINT CONNECT THRU PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY TO STOR E 80 PAUSE 90 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 100 ENTER 718 Done 110 OUTPUT 718 STORETHRU 120 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 130 ENTER 718 Done 140 OUTPUT 718 NORMLIZE ON 150 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 160 ENTER 718 Done 170 OUTPUT 718 NRPOS 5 TS 180 PRINT RECONNECT DUT PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY 190 PAUSE 200 OUTP...

Page 552: ...n The OCCUP command is used to query the current value of the percent occupied power This percentage is set by the DELMKBW and PWRBW commands The OCCUP command can also be used to set the percent occupied power Parameters number real from 1 00 to 99 99 Query Response Figure 7 201 OCCUP Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 OCCUP 20 ENTER 718 Percent_pwr ...

Page 553: ... Display Parameters Syntax Figure 7 202 OP Syntax Description The OP command requests the location of the lower left P1 and upper right P2 vertices of the display window Query Response Figure 7 203 OP Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 OP 20 ENTER 718 X 30 PRINT X 40 END ...

Page 554: ...d P2 correspond to the lower left and upper right plotter positions respectively If P1 and P2 are not specified default values either preloaded from power up or sent in via a previous plot command are used Once PLOT is executed no subsequent commands are executed until PLOT is done For more information refer to Chapter 5 Parameters P1X P1Y plotter dependent values that specify the lower left plott...

Page 555: ...705 OP 20 ENTER 705 P1x P1y P2x P2y 30 ON INTR 7 GOTO Done 40 ENABLE INTR 7 2 50 OUTPUT 718 PLOT P1x P1y P2x P2y 60 OUTPUT 718 RQS 16 70 SEND 7 UNL LISTEN 5 TALK 18 DATA 80 Idle GOTO Idle 90 Done S_poll SPOLL 718 100 OUTPUT 718 RQS 0 110 PRINT COMMAND IS COMPLETE 120 END ...

Page 556: ... or for the entire display GRT allows you to position the output plot such as trace A on a preprinted graticule obtained from the PLOTSRC command and to save plotting time For more information on P1 and P2 settings see the PLOT command or refer to Chapter 5 Parameters DSP references P1 and P2 to the corners of the entire display GRT references P2 and P2 to the corners of the graticule Query Respon...

Page 557: ...r 7 557 Language Reference PLOTORG Display Origins Example 10 OUTPUT 705 OP 20 ENTER 705 P1x P1y P2x P2y 30 OUTPUT 718 PLOTORG GRT 40 OUTPUT 718 PLOT P1x P1y P2x P2y 50 SEND 7 UNL LISTEN 5 TALK 18 DATA 60 END ...

Page 558: ... Syntax Figure 7 207 PLOTSRC Syntax Description The PLOTSRC command specifies the source for the PLOT command Parameters ANNT plots only the annotation GRT plots only the graticule TRA plots only trace A TRB plots only trace B ALL plots the entire display Preset State All ...

Page 559: ... 16 PLOT P1x P1y P2x P2y RQS 0 40 Done 0 50 IF Done 0 THEN GOSUB Wait_plot 60 Done 0 70 OUTPUT 718 PLOTSRC ANNT RQS 16 PLOT P1x P1y P2x P2y RQS 0 80 IF Done 0 THEN GOSUB Wait_plot 90 PRINT COMMAND IS COMPLETE 100 STOP 110 Wait_plot Done 1 120 ON INTR 7 GOTO Go_back 130 ENABLE INTR 7 2 140 SEND 7 UNL LISTEN 5 TALK 18 DATA 150 Idle GOTO Idle 160 Go_back S_poll SPOLL 718 170 RETURN 180 END ...

Page 560: ...an 2 9 GHz set the desired trace to clear write mode place a marker on a desired signal then execute PP The peaking routine zooms to zero span peaks the preselector tracking then returns to the original position To read the new preselector peaking number use the PSDAC command Commands following PP are not executed until after the analyzer has finished peaking the preselector NOTE Preselector peaki...

Page 561: ...at PRINT or PRINT 0 produces a monochrome printout PRINT 1 produces a color format output if an HP PaintJet printer or a compatible printer is used The PRINT command must be followed by the program line listed below with the correct values added in place of the variables SEND Sel_code UNT UNL LISTEN Prt_addr TALK Sa_addr DATA Parameters 0 monochrome output 1 color format output where Sel_code is t...

Page 562: ...0 OUTPUT 718 CF 300MHZ SP 1MHZ TS DONE 30 ENTER 718 Done 40 ON INTR 7 GOTO Finish 50 ENABLE INTR 7 2 60 OUTPUT 718 PRINT 0 RQS 16 70 SEND 7 UNT UNL LISTEN 1 TALK 18 DATA 80 Idle GOTO Idle 90 Finish S_poll SPOLL 718 100 OUTPUT 718 RQS 0 110 PRINT PRINT IS COMPLETE 120 END ...

Page 563: ...nt 8562E EC Agilent 8563E EC Agilent 8564E EC and Agilent 8565E EC spectrum analyzers and when using preselected external mixers When setting PSDAC to a given value the hardware is not set until the end of the sweep Therefore trace data does not reflect the current instrument hardware settings until another TS command is done Parameters number integer from 0 to 255 UP or DN increments of 1 Query R...

Page 564: ...guage Reference PSDAC Preselector DAC Number Example 10 OUTPUT 718 CF 3GHZ SP 500KHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKCF TS PP 30 OUTPUT 718 PSDAC 40 ENTER 718 Dac_number 50 PRINT PRESELECTOR DAC NUMBER IS Dac_number 60 END ...

Page 565: ...ts storing any new data in the state or trace registers When PSTATE is on the registers are locked the data in them cannot be erased or overwritten although the data can be recalled To unlock the registers and store new data set PSTATE to off by selecting 0 or OFF as the parameter Preset State Off Query Response Figure 7 214 PSTATE Query Response ...

Page 566: ...566 Chapter7 Language Reference PSTATE Protect State Example 10 OUTPUT 718 PSTATE ON 20 OUTPUT 718 PSTATE 30 ENTER 718 State 40 PRINT State 50 OUTPUT 718 PSTATE OFF 60 END ...

Page 567: ... percentage of the total power For example if 100 percent is specified the power bandwidth equals the current frequency span If 50 percent is specified trace elements are eliminated from either end of the array until the combined power of the remaining trace elements equals half of the total power computed The frequency span of these remaining trace elements is the power bandwidth output to the co...

Page 568: ... Example 10 DISP CONNECT CAL OUT TO INPUT 20 OUTPUT 718 IP 30 OUTPUT 718 SNGLS 40 OUTPUT 718 CF 300MHZ SP 1MHZ RB 300KHZ 50 OUTPUT 718 MXMH TRA TS TS TS TS 60 OUTPUT 718 PWRBW TRA 99 0 70 ENTER 718 P 80 DISP THE POWER BANDWIDTH AT 99 PERCENT IS P 1 0E 3 k Hz 90 END ...

Page 569: ... RB command sets the resolution bandwidth This is normally a coupled function that is selected by the span setting according to the ratio selected by the RBR command If no ratio is selected a default ratio 0 011 is used The bandwidth which ranges from 1 Hz to 2 MHz or 10 Hz to 2 MHz for Option 103 can also be selected manually ...

Page 570: ...t bandwidth UP or DN increments in a 1 3 10 sequence Preset State Coupled mode 1 MHz Query Response Figure 7 218 RB Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 CF 1 2GHZ SP 2GHZ 30 INPUT SELECT THE RESOLUTION BANDWIDTH IN KHZ B_width 40 OUTPUT 718 RB B_width KHZ 50 OUTPUT 718 RB 60 ENTER 718 B_width 70 PRINT SELECTED BANDWIDTH IS B_width KHZ 80 END ...

Page 571: ...on The RBR command specifies the coupling ratio between the resolution bandwidth and the frequency span When the frequency span is changed the resolution bandwidth is changed to satisfy the selected ratio Parameters number real from 0 002 to 0 10 UP or DN increments in a 1 2 5 sequence Preset State 0 011 Query Response Figure 7 220 RBR Query Response ...

Page 572: ...idth to Span Ratio Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 CF 1 2GHZ SP 200MHZ 30 INPUT SELECT THE RESOLUTION BANDWIDTH TO SPAN RATIO B_ratio 40 OUTPUT 718 RBR B_ratio 50 OUTPUT 718 RB 60 ENTER 718 B_width 70 PRINT SELECTED BANDWIDTH IS B_width KHZ 80 END ...

Page 573: ...SCAL command can be used on the 8560 E Series and EC Series spectrum analyzers when they are being used with an Agilent 85640A tracking generator or an Agilent 85644A 645A tracking source 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 OUTPUT 718 FA 300 KHZ FB 1GHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON 40 OUTPUT 718 SWPCPL SR 50 OUTPUT 718 SRCTKPK DONE 60 ENTER 718 Done 70 PRINT CONNECT OPEN PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY TO STOR E 80 PA...

Page 574: ...T 718 TS DONE 210 ENTER 718 Done 220 OUTPUT 718 NRPOS 8 TS 230 demonstrate recall of open short average trace 240 OUTPUT 718 IP 250 OUTPUT 718 RCLOSCAL TS DONE 260 ENTER 718 Done 270 instrument state is returned to calibrated state 280 OUTPUT 718 NORMLIZE ON 290 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 300 ENTER 718 Done 310 OUTPUT 718 NRPOS 8 320 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 330 end recall 340 LOCAL 718 350 END ...

Page 575: ... the normalization routine Numbers less than zero default to zero numbers greater than nine default to nine LAST recalls the instrument state that existed previous to executing the IP command or switching the spectrum analyzer off PWRON sets the instrument state to the same state that occurred when the spectrum analyzer was switched on This state was originally saved using the SAVES command Exampl...

Page 576: ...to trace A TRB recalls the trace data to trace B number integer from 0 to 7 If a Agilent 85620A mass memory module is attached to the spectrum analyzer trace registers 5 6 and 7 are used by the Agilent 85620A mass memory module Numbers less than zero default to zero numbers greater than seven default to seven Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 SAVET TRA 7 30 OUTPUT 718 IP 40...

Page 577: ...es and EC Series spectrum analyzers when they are being used with an Agilent 85640A tracking generator an Agilent 85644A tracking source or Agilent 85645A tracking source 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 OUTPUT 718 FA 300 KHZ FB 1GHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON 40 OUTPUT 718 SWPCPL SR 50 OUTPUT 718 SRCTKPK DONE 60 OUTPUT 718 ENTER 718 Done 70 PRINT CONNECT THRU PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY TO STO RE 80 PAUSE 90...

Page 578: ...trate recall of thru trace 210 OUTPUT 718 IP 220 OUTPUT 718 RCLTHRU TS DONE 230 ENTER 718 Done 240 instrument state is returned to calibrated state 250 OUTPUT 718 NORMLIZE ON 260 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 270 ENTER 718 Done 280 OUTPUT 718 NRPOS 8 290 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 300 ENTER 718 Done 310 end recall 320 LOCAL 718 330 END ...

Page 579: ...on Number Syntax Figure 7 225 REV Syntax Description The REV command sends to the computer the revision date code of the spectrum analyzer firmware Query Response Figure 7 226 REV Query Response Example 10 DIM A 6 20 OUTPUT 718 REV 30 ENTER 718 A 40 PRINT A 50 END ...

Page 580: ...me as reference level The reference level is the top horizontal line on the graticule For best measurement accuracy place the peak of a signal of interest on the reference level line The spectrum analyzer input attenuator is coupled to the reference level and automatically adjusts to avoid compression of the input signal Table 7 1 on page 372 shows the minimum reference level for each band and amp...

Page 581: ...0 Hz to 2 9 GHz 120 0 dBm 2 2 µV 2 9 GHz to 6 46 GHz 120 0 dBm 2 2 µV 6 46 GHz to 13 2 GHz 120 0 dBm 2 2 µV 13 2 GHz to 26 5 GHz 120 0 dBm 2 2 µV Agilent 8564E EC 30 Hz to 2 9 GHz 120 0 dBm 2 2 µV 2 9 GHz to 6 46 GHz 120 0 dBm 2 2 µV 6 46 GHz to 13 2 GHz 120 0 dBm 2 2 µV 13 2 GHz to 26 8 GHz 120 0 dBm 2 2 µV 26 8 GHz to 31 15 GHz 120 0 dBm 3 98 µV 31 15 GHz to 40 GHz 115 0 dBm 3 98 µV Agilent 8565...

Page 582: ...increments by one vertical division in log mode and in a 1 2 5 10 sequence in linear mode Query Response Figure 7 228 RL Query Response Preset State 0 dBm Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKRL TS 30 OUTPUT 718 RL 40 ENTER 718 Ref_level 50 PRINT REFERENCE LEVEL IS Ref_level DB 60 END ...

Page 583: ...ion signal to the RF input Set the center frequency to 300 MHz the frequency span to 20 MHz and the reference level to 10 dBm Use the RLCAL command to move the input signal to the reference level When the signal peak falls directly on the reference level line the reference level is calibrated Storing this value in the analyzer in EEROM can be done only from the front panel The RLCAL command when q...

Page 584: ...L 0DBM TS 70 OUTPUT 718 MKPK HI MKA 80 ENTER 718 Mkamptd 90 OUTPUT 718 RLCAL 100 ENTER 718 Rlcal 110 IF POS Model E 7 AND Fw_rev 930226 THEN 8560E EC Series with newer firmware 120 Dac_sens 0 01 Dac sensitivity is 0 01 dB step 130 ELSE Non 8560 E Series and older E Serie s 140 Dac_sens 0 17 Dac sensitivity is 0 17 dB step 150 END IF 160 Rlcal Rlcal INT Mkamptd 10 Dac_sens 170 OUTPUT 718 RLCAL Rlca...

Page 585: ... readouts for example the reference level and marker amplitude The offset is in dB regardless of the selected scale and units The offset can be useful to account for gains or losses in accessories connected to the input of the analyzer When this function is active an R appears on the left edge of the display Parameters number real from 100 to 100 UP or DN increments of one vertical division Preset...

Page 586: ...tude Reference Offset Query Response Figure 7 231 ROFFSET Query Response Example 10 INPUT ENTER REFERENCE LEVEL OFFSET Roffset 20 OUTPUT 718 ROFFSET Roffset DB 30 OUTPUT 718 ROFFSET 40 ENTER 718 Roffset 50 PRINT AMPLITUDE OFFSET IS Roffset 60 END ...

Page 587: ...72 Use the decimal equivalents to set the bit mask For example to set a mask for bits 4 and 5 add the decimal equivalents 16 32 48 then send the command RQS 48 For more service request information refer to Chapter 5 Table 7 9 Status Register BIT NUMBER DECIMAL EQUIVALENT ANALYZER STATE DESCRIPTION 7 128 Not used 6 64 RQS Request service 5 32 ERROR PRESENT Set when error present 4 16 COMMAND COMPLE...

Page 588: ... 233 RQS Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ TS 20 OUTPUT 718 RQS 16 30 ON INTR 7 GOTO Srq 40 ENABLE INTR 7 2 50 OUTPUT 718 SRQ 16 60 Idle GOTO Idle 70 Srq Sbyte SPOLL 718 80 PRINT Sbyte 90 PRINT INTERRUPT GENERATED 100 OUTPUT 718 RQS 0 110 LOCAL 718 120 END ...

Page 589: ... in the specified state register Parameters number integer from 0 to 9 Registers 8 and 9 are used by the normalization routine Numbers less than zero default to zero numbers greater than nine default to nine PWRON sets the spectrum analyzer to the current state when the spectrum analyzer is turned on Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 SAVES PWRON 30 END ...

Page 590: ...aved trace data Parameters TRA stores the contents of trace A TRB stores the contents of trace B number integer from 0 to 7 If a Agilent 85620A mass memory module is attached to the spectrum analyzer trace registers 5 6 and 7 are used by the Agilent 85620A mass memory module Numbers less than zero default to zero numbers greater than seven default to 7 Example 10 INPUT SELECT THE TRACE YOU WISH TO...

Page 591: ...Serial Number Syntax Figure 7 236 SER Syntax Description The SER command returns the spectrum analyzer serial number to the computer Query Response Figure 7 237 SER Query Response Example 10 DIM Ser 10 20 OUTPUT 718 SER 30 ENTER 718 Ser 40 PRINT Ser 50 END ...

Page 592: ...on methods are available AUTO employs the image response method for locating correct mixer responses Place a marker on the desired signal then activate SIGID AUTO The frequency of a correct response appears in the active function block Use this mode before executing the IDCF command The second method of signal identification MAN shifts responses both horizontally and vertically A correct response ...

Page 593: ...nal Identification Query Response Figure 7 239 SIGID Query Response where 1 manual mode is active and 0 auto mode is active or SIGID is off Example 10 OUTPUT 718 SIGID AUTO 20 OUTPUT 718 IDCF 30 OUTPUT 718 CF 40 ENTER 718 Cf 50 PRINT Cf 60 END ...

Page 594: ...p Syntax Figure 7 240 SNGLS Syntax Description The SNGLS command selects the single sweep mode This mode allows only one sweep when trigger conditions are met When this function is active an S appears on the left edge of the display Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 END ...

Page 595: ...cy span The center frequency does not change with changes in the frequency span start and stop frequencies do change Setting the frequency span to 0 Hz effectively allows an amplitude versus time mode in which to view signals This is especially useful for viewing modulation Querying SP will leave the analyzer in center frequency and span mode ...

Page 596: ...C 0 to 307E 9 in external mixer mode UP or DN increments in a 1 2 5 sequence Preset State Full span 2 9 GHz 8560E EC Full span 6 5 GHz Agilent 8561E EC Full span 13 2 GHz Agilent 8562E EC Full span 26 5 GHz Agilent 8563E EC Full span 40 GHz Agilent 8564E EC Full span 50 GHz Agilent 8565E EC Query Response Figure 7 242 SP Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 SP U...

Page 597: ...x Description The SQUELCH command adjusts the squelch level for demodulation When this function is on a dashed line indicating the squelch level appears on the display A marker must be active and above the squelch line for demodulation to occur Refer to the DEMOD command The default value is 120 dBm ...

Page 598: ...nse Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 FA 88MHZ FB 108MHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 MKN EP 40 PRINT MOVE MARKER TO SIGNAL TO BE DEMODULATED 50 PRINT PRESS HOLD THEN PRESS CONTINUE 60 PAUSE 70 INPUT ENTER DEMODULATION TIME 1 SEC 60 SEC Dtim e 80 OUTPUT 718 DEMODT Dtime S 90 OUTPUT 718 SQUELCH EP 100 INPUT ADJUST SQUELCH AS NECESSARY PRESS HOLD THEN ENTER A 110 OUTPUT 718 DEMOD FM 120 LOCAL 718 130 END ...

Page 599: ... This function is available only with an 8560E EC Option 002 Query Response Figure 7 246 SRCALC Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS TS CF 300 MHZ SP 1MHZ 20 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON SRCPWR 5DBM TS 30 PRINT CONNECT EXTERNAL LEVELING LOOP PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY 40 PAUSE 50 OUTPUT 718 SRCALC EXT TS 60 WAIT 1 70 OUTPUT 718 ERR 80 ENTER 718 Err 90 IF Err 900 THEN 100 PRINT UNLEVELED CONDITION ...

Page 600: ...he frequency of the built in tracking generator oscillator Once enabled this adjustment is made in digital to analog converter DAC values from 0 to 255 For fine adjustment refer to the SRCFINTK command description SRCCRSTK is available only with an 8560E EC Option 002 Parameters number integer from 0 to 255 UP or DN increments by 1 Preset State 32 Query Response Figure 7 248 SRCCRSTK Query Respons...

Page 601: ...Y 100 PAUSE 110 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 120 ENTER 718 Done 130 OUTPUT 718 SRCFINTK EP 140 PRINT ADJUST TRACKING fine adjust USING KNOB ON ANALYZER 150 PRINT PRESS HOLD THEN CONTINUE WHEN READY 160 PAUSE 170 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 180 ENTER 718 Done 190 PRINT CONNECT THRU PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READ TO STO RE 200 PAUSE 210 OUTPUT 718 STORETHRU 220 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 230 ENTER 718 Done 240 OUTPUT 718 NORMLIZE O...

Page 602: ...e fine adjustment of the frequency of the built in tracking generator oscillator Once enabled this adjustment is made in digital to analog converter DAC values from 0 to 255 For coarse adjustment refer to the SRCCRSTK command description SRCFINTK is available only with an 8560E EC Option 002 Parameters number integer from 0 to 255 UP or DN increments by 1 Preset State 128 ...

Page 603: ...D THEN CONTINUE WHEN READY 100 PAUSE 110 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 120 ENTER 718 Done 130 OUTPUT 718 SRCFINTK EP 140 PRINT ADJUST TRACKING fine adjust USING KNOB ON ANALYZER 150 PRINT PRESS HOLD THEN CONTINUE WHEN READY 160 PAUSE 170 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 180 ENTER 718 Done 190 PRINT CONNECT THRU PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READ TO STO RE 200 PAUSE 210 OUTPUT 718 STORETHRU 220 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 230 ENTER 718 Done ...

Page 604: ...ilt in tracking generator This function can be used to take into account system losses for example cable loss or gains for example preamplifier gain reflecting the actual power delivered to the device under test SRCPOFS is available only with an 8560E EC Option 002 Parameters number real from 100 dB to 100 dB UP or DN increments in steps equal to the value set by SRCPSTP Preset State 0 0 dB ...

Page 605: ...e Figure 7 252 SRCPOFS Query Response Example OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS OUTPUT 718 CF 300MHZ SP 0HZ TS OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON SRCPWR 10DBM OUTPUT 718 SRCPSWP ON SRCPSWP 10DB TS INPUT ENTER GAIN OF PREAMPLIFIER UNDER TEST Gain OUTPUT 718 SRCPOFS Gain DB OUTPUT 718 TS MKPK HI MKD MKMIN ...

Page 606: ...CPSTP command sets the step size of the source power level source power offset and power sweep range functions This function is available only with an 8560E EC Option 002 Parameters number real from 0 1 dB to 12 75 dB 0 05 dB resolution via GPIB UP or DN 0 1 dB steps Preset State 1 0 dB Query Response Figure 7 254 SRCPSTP Query Response ...

Page 607: ...ence SRCPSTP Source Power Step Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 OUTPUT 718 CF 300MHZ SP 0HZ TS 30 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON SRCPWR 10DBM 40 OUTPUT 718 SRCPSTP 1 0DB 50 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR UP 60 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR 70 ENTER 718 Pwr 80 END ...

Page 608: ...acking generator is swept over the power sweep range chosen The starting source power level is set using the SRCPWR command The output power of the tracking generator is swept according to the sweep rate of the spectrum analyzer SRCPSWP is available only with an 8560E EC Option 002 Parameters number real from 0 dB to 12 75 dB 0 05 dB resolution via GPIB UP or DN increments in steps equal to the va...

Page 609: ... Power Sweep Query Response Figure 7 256 SRCPSWP Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 OUTPUT 718 CF 300MHZ SP 0HZ TS 30 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON SRCPWR 10DBM 40 OUTPUT 718 SRCPSWP ON SRCPSWP 10DB TS 50 OUTPUT 718 MKPK HI MKD MKMIN TS 60 END ...

Page 610: ...WR Source Power SRCPWR Source Power Syntax Figure 7 257 SRCPWR Syntax Description The SRCPWR command turns the built in tracking generator on and off and adjusts the output power This function is available only with an 8560E EC Option 002 ...

Page 611: ...B 1GHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON 40 OUTPUT 718 SWPCPL SR 50 PRINT CONNECT THRU PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY TO STO RE 60 PAUSE 70 OUTPUT 718 SRCTKPK DONE 80 ENTER 718 Done 90 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 100 ENTER 718 Done 110 OUTPUT 718 STORETHRU 120 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 130 ENTER 718 Done 140 OUTPUT 718 NORMLIZE ON 150 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 160 ENTER 718 Done 170 OUTPUT 718 NRPOS 5 TS 180 PRINT RECONNECT DUT PRESS ...

Page 612: ...of the tracking generator on the spectrum analyzer display Tracking peak is not necessary for resolution bandwidths greater than or equal to 300 kHz A thru connection should be made prior to peaking in order to ensure accuracy SRCTKPK is available only with an 8560E EC Option 002 Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 OUTPUT 718 FA 300KHZ FB 1GHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON 40 OUTPUT 718 SWPCPL SR 50 OUTPU...

Page 613: ... requests However the service request can be triggered only if it is first masked using the RQS command For more service request information refer to Monitoring System Operation in Chapter 5 Programming Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS CF 300MHZ TS 20 OUTPUT 718 RQS 16 30 ON INTR 7 GOTO Srq 40 ENABLE INTR 7 2 50 OUTPUT 718 SRQ 16 60 Idle GOTO Idle 70 Srq Sbyte SPOLL 718 80 PRINT Sbyte 90 PRINT INTER...

Page 614: ... size This is normally a coupled function After entering a step size execute the CF command using the UP or DN parameter The center frequency is adjusted by the selected step size This function is useful for quickly tuning to the harmonics of an input signal The default value is 10 percent of span When the span is 0 Hz the default value is one fourth of the resolution bandwidth ...

Page 615: ...lent 8562E EC 2 65 GHz AUTO Agilent 8563E EC 4 0 GHz AUTO Agilent 8564E EC 5 0 GHz AUTO Agilent 8565E EC Query Response Figure 7 262 SS Query Response Example 10 CLEAR 718 20 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS CF300MHZ SP 20MZ TS 30 OUTPUT 718 MKPK HI MKRL TS MKF MKA 40 ENTER 718 USING K Mk_freq Mk_amp 50 OUTPUT 718 SS Mk_freq HZ 60 OUTPUT 718 CF UP TS MKPK HI MKA 70 ENTER 718 Mk_ampl 80 PRINT The fundamental is...

Page 616: ... is normally a coupled function that is automatically set to the optimum value allowed by the current instrument settings Alternatively you can specify the sweep time Note that when the specified sweep time is too fast for the current instrument settings the instrument is no longer calibrated and the message MEAS UNCAL appears on the display ...

Page 617: ... Agilent 8560E EC Agilent 8561E EC and Agilent 8563E EC with serial number prefix 3424A real from 50 µs to 6000s when the span equals 0 Hz 50 µs to 100 s for firmware revision 920528 UP or DN increments in a 1 2 5 10 sequence Preset State AUTO Query Response Figure 7 264 ST Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 ST 500MS 20 OUTPUT 718 ST DN 30 OUTPUT 718 ST 40 ENTER 718 St 50 PRINT St 60 END ...

Page 618: ... the status byte see the RQS and SRQ commands STB is equivalent to a serial poll command The RQS and associated bits are cleared in the same way that a serial poll command would clear them For more information refer to Chapter 5 Bit Decimal Definition 7 Not used 6 64 Request service 5 32 Error present in error register 4 16 Command complete 3 Not used 2 4 End of sweep 1 2 Message occurred 0 0 Clea...

Page 619: ...onse Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS CF 300MHZ SP 20MHZ TS 20 OUTPUT 718 VAVG 10 RQS 16 30 ON INTR 7 GOTO Srq 40 ENABLE INTR 7 2 50 OUTPUT 718 TS 60 Idle GOTO Idle 70 Srq OUTPUT 718 STB 80 ENTER 718 Sbyte 90 PRINT Sbyte 100 PRINT VIDEO AVERAGING IS COMPLETE 110 OUTPUT 718 RQS 0 120 LOCAL 718 130 END ...

Page 620: ...precede the STORESHORT command The data obtained during the STOREOPEN procedure is averaged with the data obtained during the STORESHORT procedure to provide an open short calibration The instrument state that is instrument settings must not change between the STOREOPEN and STORESHORT operations in order for the open short calibration to be valid Refer to the STORESHORT command description for mor...

Page 621: ...NECT OPEN PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY TO STO RE 60 PAUSE 70 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 80 ENTER 718 Done 90 OUTPUT 718 STOREOPEN 100 PRINT CONNECT SHORT PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY TO STORE AND AVERAGE 110 PAUSE 120 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 130 ENTER 718 Done 140 OUTPUT 718 STORESHORT 150 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 160 ENTER 718 Done 170 OUTPUT 718 NORMLIZE ON 180 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 190 ENTER 718 Done 200 LOCAL 718 210 END...

Page 622: ...ormalization error will occur when the NRL command is executed if the current spectrum analyzer state is not the same as the state stored by the last execution of the STORETHRU or STORESHORT command This can happen when several open short or thru calibrations are performed The NRL command recalls the last calibration run If one of the earlier short or thru states has been recalled just before exec...

Page 623: ...CONNECT OPEN PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY TO STO RE 60 PAUSE 70 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 80 ENTER 718 Done 90 OUTPUT 718 STOREOPEN 100 PRINT CONNECT SHORT PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY TO STORE AND AVERAGE 110 PAUSE 120 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 130 ENTER 718 Done 140 OUTPUT 718 STORESHORT 150 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 160 ENTER 718 Done 170 OUTPUT 718 NORMLIZE ON 180 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 190 ENTER 718 Done 200 LOCAL 718 210 ...

Page 624: ... not the same as the state stored by the last execution of the STORETHRU or STORESHORT command This can happen when several open short or thru calibrations are performed The NRL command recalls the last calibration run If one of the earlier short or thru states has been recalled just before executing the NRL command then the current and recalled states don t match and the error occurs To avoid thi...

Page 625: ...y 40 OUTPUT 718 SWPCPL SR 50 OUTPUT 718 RB 300KHZ TS 60 PRINT CONNECT THRU PRESS CONTINUE WHEN READY TO STORE 70 PAUSE 80 OUTPUT 718 SRCTKPK DONE 90 ENTER 718 Done 100 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 110 ENTER 718 Done 120 OUTPUT 718 STORETHRU 130 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 140 ENTER 718 Done 150 OUTPUT 718 NORMLIZE ON 160 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 170 ENTER 718 Done 180 LOCAL 718 190 END ...

Page 626: ... coupled sweep time In stimulus response mode auto coupled sweep times are usually much faster for swept response measurements Stimulus response auto coupled sweep times are typically valid in stimulus response measurements when the system frequency span is less than 20 times the bandwidth of the device under test Preset State SA spectrum analyzer mode Query Response Figure 7 271 SWPCPL Query Resp...

Page 627: ...PCPL Sweep Couple Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 OUTPUT 718 FA 300KHZ FB 1GHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 SRCPWR ON 8560E Option 002 only 40 OUTPUT 718 SWPCPL SR 50 OUTPUT 718 SRCTKPK DONE 8560E Option 002 only 60 ENTER 718 Done 70 LOCAL 718 80 END ...

Page 628: ...25 V GHz of the tuned frequency when in internal mixing For Agilent 8564E EC and Agilent 8565E EC only RAMP provides a 0 to 10 V ramp corresponding to the sweep ramp that tunes the first local oscillator LO In multiband sweeps one sweep ramp is provided for each frequency band When configured to use preselected external mixers the 0 5 V GHz signal is automatically selected The 0 5 V GHz signal is ...

Page 629: ... Output Query Response Figure 7 273 SWPOUT Query Response Example 10 INPUT SELECT THE SIGNAL OUTPUT OF J8 RAMP OR FAV Sig_out 20 OUTPUT 718 SWPOUT Sig_out 30 OUTPUT 718 SWPOUT 40 ENTER 718 Sig_out 50 PRINT SELECTED SIGNAL OUTPUT IS Sig_out 60 END ...

Page 630: ...r 5 for more information about trace data formats You must specify the desired format when transferring data from the spectrum analyzer to a computer this is optional when transferring data to the analyzer Parameters A specifies A block data format B specifies binary data format I specifies I block data format M specifies ASCII data format P specifies parameter data format Numbers are in Hz volts ...

Page 631: ...St Lg Aunits 100 OUTPUT 718 TRA 110 FOR I 1 TO 600 120 OUTPUT 718 A I DBM 130 NEXT I 140 OUTPUT 718 A 601 DBM 150 END 160 SUB Enter_data Fa Fb Rl Rb Vb St Lg Aunits 170 OUTPUT 718 FA Fa HZ 180 OUTPUT 718 FB Fb HZ 190 OUTPUT 718 AUNITS Aunits 200 OUTPUT 718 RB Rb HZ 210 OUTPUT 718 VB Vb HZ 220 OUTPUT 718 ST St S 230 IF Lg 0 THEN 240 OUTPUT 718 LN 250 ELSE 260 OUTPUT 718 LG Lg DB 270 END IF 280 SUBE...

Page 632: ...e TH command sets the minimum amplitude level and clips data at this value Default value is 90 dBm See also MKPT MKPT does not clip data below its threshold NOTE When a trace is in max hold mode if the threshold is raised above any of the trace data the data below the threshold will be permanently lost ...

Page 633: ...nt upon the chosen amplitude units UP or DN increments by one vertical division Preset State Off Query Response Figure 7 277 TH Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 TH EP 20 PRINT SELECT THE THRESHOLD ON THE ANALYZER 30 PRINT PRESS HOLD THEN PRESS CONTINUE 40 PAUSE 50 END ...

Page 634: ...2 Carriage return and line feed characters are not recommended For more information on creating titles refer to Chapter 5 of this manual Special Characters The characters shown in the following table can be included in a title To include the special characters within a title you should 1 End the title entry by inserting a quote mark and a semicolon 2 After the semicolon insert CHR a left parenthes...

Page 635: ...esent the length of the title as two 8 bit bytes Example 10 OUTPUT 718 TITLE This is a title Displays This is a title as the screen title 20 OUTPUT 718 TITLE This is a CHR 249 within a title Displays This is a within a title as the screen title 30 END Table 7 10 Special Printing Characters Code Character 60 62 168 169 225 α 226 β 237 µ 240 π 241 θ 242 ρ 243 σ 244 τ 247 ω 249 ...

Page 636: ...5 EXT GATE TRIG INPUT on the rear panel of the spectrum analyzer The source must range from 0 to 5 V TTL The trigger occurs on the rising positive edge of the signal about 1 5 V FREE selects the free run mode Sweep triggers occur as fast as the spectrum analyzer will allow LINE selects the line mode Sweep triggers occur at intervals synchronized to the line frequency VID selects the video mode Swe...

Page 637: ...e TM Trigger Mode selected level Video triggering is not available for resolution bandwidths 100 Hz Preset State Free run mode Query Response Figure 7 280 TM Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 TM VID 20 OUTPUT 718 VTL 20DBM 30 END ...

Page 638: ...at Transfers to the computer must be completed within 30 seconds or the transfer will be aborted For instructions on transferring data and more examples refer to Chapter 5 Programming Option 007 Fast Digitized Time Domain is necessary to obtain trace data with sweep times 30 ms Without Option 007 sweep times 30 ms are not digitized If a sweep time 30 ms is selected and Option 007 is not installed ...

Page 639: ...UE TO RETURN DATA TO THE ANALYZER 70 PAUSE 80 OUTPUT 718 IP TDF P TS VIEW TRA 90 CALL Enter_data Fa Fb Rl Rb Vb St Lg Aunits 100 OUTPUT 718 TRA 110 FOR I 1 TO 600 120 OUTPUT 718 A I DBM 130 NEXT I 140 OUTPUT 718 A 601 DBM 150 END 160 SUB Enter_data Fa Fb Rl Rb Vb St Lg Aunits 170 OUTPUT 718 FA Fa HZ 180 OUTPUT 718 FB Fb HZ 190 OUTPUT 718 AUNITS Aunits 200 OUTPUT 718 RB Rb HZ 210 OUTPUT 718 VB Vb H...

Page 640: ... TRB Trace Data Input Output 270 END IF 280 SUBEND 290 SUB Get_data Fa Fb Rl Rb Vb St Lg Aunits 300 OUTPUT 718 FA FB RL RB VB ST LG AUNITS 310 ENTER 718 USING K Fa Fb Rl Rb Vb St Lg Aunits 320 PRINT Fa Fb Rl Rb Vb St Lg Aunits 330 SUBEND ...

Page 641: ... negative of the trigger input that causes the trigger event TRIGPOL is available in all trigger modes The trigger polarity TRIGPOL will always match the gate polarity For example if you set GP to positive TRIGPOL will automatically be set to positive also Preset State Positive Query Response Figure 7 284 TRIGPOL Query Response Example OUTPUT 718 TRIGPOL POS ...

Page 642: ...y Commands following TS are not executed until after the analyzer has finished the trace sweep This ensures that the instrument is set to a known condition before subsequent commands are executed For information on how to synchronize a program using TS and the DONE command refer to Chapter 5 Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP SNGLS 20 OUTPUT 718 TS DONE 30 ENTER 718 Done 40 PRINT Done 50 END ...

Page 643: ...ANNING and FLATTOP When used with the FFT command the three algorithms give resultant passband shapes that represent a compromise among amplitude uncertainty sensitivity and frequency resolution Refer to the FFT command description for more information The three types of windows that are available when using the TWNDOW command are FLATTOP provides optimum amplitude accuracy HANNING provides an amp...

Page 644: ... State HANNING Example 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 CF 300 MHZ 30 OUTPUT 718 SP 0HZ ST 50MS 40 OUTPUT 718 TWNDOW TRA UNIFORM 50 OUTPUT 718 CLRW TRB 60 OUTPUT 718 SNGLS TS TS 70 OUTPUT 718 FFT TRA TRB TRA 80 OUTPUT 718 BLANK TRB 90 OUTPUT 718 VIEW TRA 100 END ...

Page 645: ...u can change the detector mode during video averaging Video averaging is available only for trace A and trace A must be in clear write mode for VAVG to operate After VAVG is executed the number of sweeps that have been averaged appears at the top of the analyzer screen Using video averaging allows you to view changes to the entire trace much faster than using narrow video filters Narrow video filt...

Page 646: ...anguage Reference VAVG Video Average Parameters number integer from 1 to 999 UP or DN increments by 1 Preset State 100 off Query Response Figure 7 288 VAVG Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 SNGLS VAVG 20 TS 20 END ...

Page 647: ...video information This is normally a coupled function that is selected according to the ratio selected by the VBR command If no ratio is selected a default ratio of 1 0 is used The bandwidths which range from 1 Hz to 3 MHz can also be selected manually If the specified video bandwidth is less than 300 Hz and the resolution bandwidth is greater than or equal to 300 Hz the IF detector is set to samp...

Page 648: ...number of video averages is above 25 For the case where the number of video averages is very large and the video bandwidth is equal to the resolution bandwidth internal mathematical limitations allow about 0 4 dB overresponse to noise on the logarithmic scale The overresponse is negligible less than 0 1 dB for narrower video bandwidths Parameters number integer from 1 to 3E 6 UP or DN increments i...

Page 649: ...fies the coupling ratio between the video bandwidth and the resolution bandwidth Thus when the resolution bandwidth is changed the video bandwidth changes to satisfy the ratio When a new ratio is selected the video bandwidth changes to satisfy the new ratio the resolution bandwidth does not change value Parameters number real from 0 003 to 3 UP or DN increments in a 1 3 10 sequence Preset State 1 ...

Page 650: ...xample 10 OUTPUT 718 IP 20 OUTPUT 718 CF 1 2GHZ SP 200MHZ 30 INPUT SELECT THE VIDEO BANDWIDTH TO RESOLUTION BANDWID TH RATIO B_ratio 40 OUTPUT 718 VBR B_ratio 50 INPUT SELECT THE RESOLUTION BANDWIDTH IN KHZ B_width 60 OUTPUT 718 RB B_width KHZ 70 OUTPUT 718 VB 80 ENTER 718 B_width 90 PRINT THE VIDEO BANDWIDTH IS B_width HZ 100 END ...

Page 651: ...iption The VIEW command displays the current contents of the selected trace but does not update the contents View mode can be executed before a sweep is complete when SNGLS and TS are not used For more information on using SNGLS and TS refer to Chapter 5 Example 10 OUTPUT 718 CLRW TRA TS VIEW TRA 20 END ...

Page 652: ...Syntax Description The VTL commands sets the video trigger level when the trigger mode is set to VIDEO refer to the TM command A dashed line appears on the display to indicate the approximate level The default value is 0 dBm Parameters number real from 220 to 30 UP or DN increments by 1 vertical division ...

Page 653: ...Chapter 7 653 Language Reference VTL Video Trigger Level Preset State 0 dBm Query Response Figure 7 295 VTL Query Response Example 10 OUTPUT 718 TM VID 20 OUTPUT 718 VTL 20DBM 30 END ...

Page 654: ...654 Chapter7 Language Reference VTL Video Trigger Level ...

Page 655: ...655 8 Options and Accessories ...

Page 656: ...on 005 is not available with Option 002 or Option 327 Frequency coverage down to 30 Hz Option 006 extends the frequency range of the Agilent 8563E EC Agilent 8564E EC and Agilent 8565E EC from the standard 9 kHz down to 30 Hz Fast time domain sweeps Option 007 allows digitized sweep times as fast as 50 µs in spans of 0 Hz Not available with Option 327 Signal identification Option 008 provides sign...

Page 657: ... number 5062 4840 The instrument dimensions without handles or flanges are 222 mm h 422 mm d 425 mm w Additional manual set Option 910 provides an additional manual set shipped with the analyzer This option includes a copy of the Installation and Verification Manual the Operating and Programming Manual the Mass Memory Module Manual and the Quick Reference Guide To order additional manuals after in...

Page 658: ...of customer return repair service Three years return to Agilent calibration Option W32 provides three years of Agilent Technologies calibration service at Agilent Technologies Customer Service Centers Five years return to Agilent service Option W50 extends the factory warranty for five years of customer return repair service Five years return to Agilent calibration Option W52 provides five years o...

Page 659: ...ls other instruments over GPIB reads data and formats that data for the user In addition to a large program stored in ROM the module has the necessary hardware for troubleshooting including dc signal injection and detection The Agilent 8562E TAM Interface Software is required when using the TAM with the Agilent 8562E or Agilent 8562EC spectrum analyzer Agilent 85640A portable tracking generator ad...

Page 660: ... overload from broadband signals and reduces radiation of local oscillator harmonics back to the device under test Agilent 11974U preselected millimeter mixer is a preselected mixer from 40 GHz to 60 GHz Preselection reduces mixer overload from broadband signals and reduces radiation of local oscillator harmonics back to the device under test Agilent 11974V preselected millimeter mixer is a presel...

Page 661: ...ns Agilent 83020A Amplifier provides 30 dB gain from 2 GHz to 26 5 GHz in a small package which fits easily into existing systems It includes internal directional detectors for external leveling applications Agilent 83050A Amplifier provides 23 dB gain from 2 GHz to 50 GHz in a small package which fits easily into existing systems Agilent 83051A Preamplifier provides 23 dB gain from 45 MHz to 50 G...

Page 662: ...940A close field probe provides repeatable absolute magnetic field measurements from 30 MHz to 1 GHz 9 kHz to 30 MHz with the Agilent 11941A When attached to a source the probe generates a localized magnetic field for electromagnetic interference EMI susceptibility testing Agilent 11945A close field probe set includes both the Agilent 11940A and Agilent 11941A probes for full coverage from 9 kHz t...

Page 663: ...nent records of important measurements The eight pen HP ColorPro produces color plots with 0 025 mm 0 001 in resolution on either 8 5 by 11 inch paper or transparency film Other GPIB plotters are available from Agilent Technologies Printers The HP 2225A ThinkJet or the HP 3630A PaintJet printers may be used with the spectrum analyzer Agilent 85901A portable AC power source can be used as a standal...

Page 664: ...requent travel situations The transit case protects your instrument from hostile environments shock vibration moisture and impact while providing a secure enclosure for shipping Soft Carrying Bag p n 1540 1130 provides a soft carrying bag that is used to provide additional protection when transporting your instrument ...

Page 665: ...665 9 If You Have a Problem ...

Page 666: ...er Requirements Adjustment and Troubleshooting Procedures Servicing the Spectrum Analyzer Yourself Calling Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Offices Returning Your Spectrum Analyzer for Service Serial Numbers Electrostatic Discharge Error Messages Read the Warranty The warranty for your spectrum analyzer is printed at the front of this manual Please read it and become familiar with its terms ...

Page 667: ...information about making these checks Is the analyzer plugged into the proper ac power source Does the line socket have power Is the rear panel voltage selector switch set correctly Is the line fuse good Is the analyzer turned on Check that the LED over the power switch is lit and the fan is on If the spectrum analyzer has power applied but the display is still blank you may have a hardware failur...

Page 668: ...e Automatic Fault Isolation Routine in this chapter If there is a hardware problem you can repair it yourself or return the analyzer to Agilent Technologies for repair See Returning Your Spectrum Analyzer For Service for more information Table 9 1 Problems and Possible Causes Symptoms Things to Check GPIB doesn t work Check that GPIB cable is connected and cable is good Check that GPIB address is ...

Page 669: ...Fault Isolation Press EXECUTE The CAL OUTPUT must be connected to the INPUT 50Ω A BNC cable and Type N to BNC adapter is shipped with each analyzer in the front cover Press CONTINUE and the automatic fault isolation routine begins The automatic fault isolation routine performs checks of five sections of the analyzer Progress of the routine is displayed on the screen The routine stops as soon as it...

Page 670: ...functions from a given mass memory module depending on the firmware revision of the host spectrum analyzer In spectrum analyzers with firmware revision 941028 the firmware that controls the mass memory module actually resides in the host spectrum analyzer and contains a more recent set of features and functionality If that same mass memory module is installed on a host spectrum analyzer with firmw...

Page 671: ...less than 10 minutes Power on the spectrum analyzer before removing the battery Replace the battery using the following steps 1 If an option module is attached to the rear panel turn the spectrum analyzer off and remove the module Then if necessary turn the spectrum analyzer on 2 Remove the two screws securing the small panel labeled with a battery Do not remove the bottom screw 3 Remove the batte...

Page 672: ...V corresponding to the available ac voltage See Figure 9 1 on page 672 Insert a small screwdriver or similar tool in the slot and slide the switch until the proper voltage label is visible Figure 9 1 Voltage Selection Switch and Line Fuse Locations Table 9 2 Operating Power Requirements Line Input Power Requirements 115 V ac Operation 230 V ac Operation Line Voltage 90 V to 140 V rms 180 V to 250 ...

Page 673: ...nalyzer is a safety Class 1 product Failure to ground the instrument properly can result in personal injury Before turning on the spectrum analyzer you must connect its protective earth terminals to the protective conductor of the main power cable Insert the main power cable plug only into a socket outlet that has a protective earth contact DO NOT defeat the earth grounding protection by using an ...

Page 674: ...674 Chapter9 If You Have a Problem Power Requirements Figure 9 2 AC Power Cables Available ...

Page 675: ...s PRESET CAL MORE 1 OF 2 CRT ADJ PATTERN 2 Adjust the rear panel TRACE ALIGN until the leftmost line of the test pattern is parallel with the CRT bezel See Figure 9 3 on page 675 3 Adjust the rear panel X POSN until the leftmost characters and the softkey labels appear just inside the left and right edges of the CRT bezel 4 Adjust the rear panel Y POSN until the softkey labels align with the appro...

Page 676: ...ker value Notice that the displayed REF LEVEL CAL value changes The REF LVL CAL value should range between 528 and 528 33 to 33 with firmware revisions 920528 9 Press STORE REF LVL 10 Press PRESET GPIB Address Selection 1 The GPIB address for the analyzer is preset at the factory to a decimal value of 18 Valid addresses range from 0 to 30 To view the GPIB address press PRESET CONFIG ANALYZER ADDRE...

Page 677: ... The printer or plotter cannot be set to a listen only mode it must be addressable 4 Printing is selected by pressing CONFIG and COPY DEV PRNT PLT so that PRNT is underlined Plotting is selected by pressing the key so that PLT is underlined 5 The factory default GPIB address for a printer is 01 For a plotter it is 05 This address can be changed by pressing CONFIG and either PRINTER CONFIG or PLOTT...

Page 678: ...cluded in the calibration guide to identify problems and verify the repair Contact your Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Office to obtain the most current test and maintenance information A Product Support Kit part number 08562 60021 is available through the sales and service office The kit contains the following accessories PC board prop power line switch assembly power line assembly SMB ca...

Page 679: ...ent Technologies representative can quickly determine whether your unit is still within its warranty period and can provide accurate service information If the spectrum analyzer is still under warranty or covered by a Agilent Technologies maintenance contract it is repaired based on the terms of the warranty or maintenance contract the warranty is printed in the front of this manual If the spectru...

Page 680: ...e problem Please send a copy of any or all of the following information any recorded error messages that appeared on the screen completed performance test record other specific data on the performance of the analyzer Original Packaging Before shipping pack the unit in the original factory packaging materials if they are available If the original materials are unavailable identical packaging materi...

Page 681: ...If You Have a Problem Returning Your Spectrum Analyzer for Service Figure 9 4 Shipping Container and Cushioning Materials Item Description Part Number 1 9211 6969 Outer Carton 2 9220 5073 Pads 2 3 9220 5072 Top Tray ...

Page 682: ...original materials or a strong shipping container that is double walled corrugated cardboard carton with 159 kg 350 lb bursting strength The carton must be both large enough and strong enough to accommodate the analyzer and allows at least 3 to 4 inches on all sides of the analyzer for packing material 5 Surround the equipment with at least 3 to 4 inches of packing material or enough to prevent th...

Page 683: ...e RG41 5DZ England 44 118 9696622 INTERCON FIELD OPERATIONS Headquarters Agilent Technologies 3495 Deer Creek Rd Palo Alto CA 94304 1316 USA 415 857 5027 Japan Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd Measurement Assistance Center 9 1 Takakura Cho Hachioji Shi Tokyo 192 8510 Japan TEL 81 426 56 7832 FAX 81 426 56 7840 Australia Agilent Technologies Australia Ltd 31 41 Joseph Street Blackburn Victoria 3130 6...

Page 684: ...ssible The serial number label is attached to the rear of the spectrum analyzer The serial number has two parts the prefix the first four numbers and a letter and the suffix the last five numbers See Figure 9 5 The first four numbers of the prefix are a code identifying the date of the last major design change incorporated in your spectrum analyzer The letter identifies the country in which the un...

Page 685: ...rmed on assemblies consisting of electronic components should be done at a static free work station Figure 9 6 is an example of a static safe work station using two kinds of ESD protection conductive table mat and wrist strap combination conductive floor mat and heel strap combination These methods may be used together or separately Figure 9 6 Example of a Static Safe Workstation ...

Page 686: ...r connectors of the cable Personnel should be grounded with a resistor isolated wrist strap before touching the center in of any connector and before removing any assembly from the unit Be sure all instruments are properly earth grounded to prevent buildup of static discharge Static Safe Accessories Table 9 1 lists static safe accessories that can be obtained from Agilent Technologies by ordering ...

Page 687: ...0797 3M static control mat 0 6 m 1 2 m 2 ft 4 ft ground wire 4 6 m 15 ft The wrist strap and wrist strap cord are not included They must be ordered separately Wrist strap cord 1 5 m 5 ft 9300 0980 Wrist strap Black stainless steel with four adjustable links and 7 mm post type connector The wrist strap cord is not included 9300 1367 ESD heel strap Reusable 6 to 12 months 9300 1308 ...

Page 688: ...o 999 User generated errors If returning the analyzer for repair is necessary include a list of any error codes and messages that appeared when the trouble began These codes and messages provide troubleshooting information for the service person working on the spectrum analyzer Viewing Multiple Messages The spectrum analyzer displays only one error message at a time More error messages may exist s...

Page 689: ...to 799 The instrument is in need of service Refer to this chapter for information about calling Agilent Technologies 800 to 899 Option module failures detected Refer to the appropriate option module for an explanation of these errors 900 to 999 User generated errors Information entered incorrectly or an attempt to use the spectrum analyzer inappropriately Realigning the LO and IF The LO and IF rea...

Page 690: ...is present ERR 108 TIME OUT Analyzer timed out when acting as controller ERR 109 CtrlFail Analyzer unable to take control of the bus ERR 110 NOT CTRL Analyzer is not system controller ERR 111 ARGMTS Command does not have enough arguments ERR 112 CMD Unrecognized command ERR 113 FREQ NO Command cannot have frequency units ERR 114 TIME NO Command cannot have time units ERR 115 AMPL NO Command cannot...

Page 691: ...nd ERR 133 INT EXT INT EXT are not valid arguments for this command ERR 134 ZERO ZERO is not a valid argument for this command ERR 135 CURR CURR is not a valid argument for this command ERR 136 FULL FULL is not a valid argument for this command ERR 137 LAST LAST is not a valid argument for this command ERR 138 GRT DSP GRT DSP are not valid arguments for this command ERR 139 PLOTONLY Argument can o...

Page 692: ...yzers with fast ADC Option 007 ERR 204 FADC CAL Log 2 expand offset search failed This error applies applies only to EC series analyzers and E series analyzers with fast ADC Option 007 ERR 205 FADC CAL Linear slope calibration is out of range This error applies applies only to EC series analyzers and E series analyzers with fast ADC Option 007 ERR 206 FADC CAL Log slope calibration is out of range...

Page 693: ...CC Offset oscillator pretune DAC not within prescribed limits at high frequency ERR 310 FREQ ACC Main roller pretune DAC set to 255 before MAINSENSE changes to negative polarity ERR 311 FREQ ACC Main roller pretune DAC set to 255 before MAINSENSE changes to negative polarity ERR 312 FREQ ACC Fine adjust DAC cannot bring MAINSENSE close to zero ERR 313 FREQ ACC The combination of sampler oscillator...

Page 694: ...distribution amplifier is unleveled The front panel LO OUTPUT must be terminated in a 50Ω load ERR 335 SMP UNLK Sampling oscillator PLL is unlocked ERR 336 10 MHz Ref Cal oscillator failed to lock when going to internal 10 MHz reference ERR 337 FN UNLK Fractional N circuitry is unable to lock ERR 338 LOMA AGC The LOMA local oscillator multiplier amplifier main loop AGC is unleveled ERR 339 SBTX AG...

Page 695: ...n resolution bandwidths in this sequence 300 kHz 1 MHz 2 MHz 100 kHz 30 kHz 10 kHz 3 kHz 1 kHz 300 Hz 100 Hz 30 Hz 10 Hz 3 Hz and 1 Hz The routine restarts from the beginning if a fault is detected Resolution bandwidth filters adjusted after the routine begins and before the fault is detected should be acceptable resolution bandwidth filters adjusted later in the sequence are suspect If the fault ...

Page 696: ...Unable to adjust 10 kHz RES BW pole 4 ERR 425 RBW 3K Unable to adjust 3 kHz RES BW pole 1 ERR 426 RBW 3K Unable to adjust 3 kHz RES BW pole 2 ERR 427 RBW 3K Unable to adjust 3 kHz RES BW pole 3 ERR 428 RBW 3K Unable to adjust 3 kHz RES BW pole 4 ERR 429 RBW 300 Unable to adjust less than 300 Hz RES BW ERR 430 RBW 300 Unable to adjust 300 Hz RES BW ERR 431 RBW 1K Unable to adjust 1 kHz RES BW ERR 4...

Page 697: ...456 AMPL Unable to adjust step gain amplifiers ERR 457 AMPL Unable to adjust step gain amplifiers ERR 458 AMPL Unable to adjust step gain amplifiers ERR 459 AMPL Unable to adjust step gain amplifiers ERR 460 AMPL Unable to adjust step gain amplifiers ERR 461 AMPL Unable to adjust step gain amplifiers ERR 462 AMPL Unable to adjust step gain amplifiers ERR 463 AMPL Unable to adjust step gain amplifi...

Page 698: ... BW ERR 491 RBW 300 Unable to adjust less than 300 Hz RES BW ERR 492 RBW 300 Unable to adjust 300 Hz RES BW ERR 493 RBW 1K Unable to adjust 1 kHz RES BW ERR 494 RBW 3K Unable to adjust 3 kHz RES BW ERR 495 RBW 10K Unable to adjust 10 kHz RES BW ERR 496 RBW 100 Unable to adjust 100 Hz RES BW ERR 497 RBW 100 Unable to adjust 100 Hz RES BW ERR 498 RBW 100 Unable to adjust 100 Hz RES BW ERR 499 CAL UN...

Page 699: ... RES BW ERR 515 RBW 3K Insufficient gain during crystal BW Cal of 3 kHz RES BW ERR 516 RBW 10K Insufficient gain during crystal BW Cal of 10 kHz RES BW ERR 517 RBW 100 Unable to adjust 100 Hz RES BW ERR 518 RBW 300 Unable to adjust 300 Hz RES BW ERR 519 RBW 1K Unable to adjust 1 kHz RES BW ERR 520 RBW 3K Unable to adjust 3 kHz RES BW ERR 521 RBW 10K Unable to adjust 10 kHz RES BW ERR 522 RBW 10K U...

Page 700: ...00Hz IF filter measurement ERR 536 RBW 300 Unable to adjust less than 300 Hz RES BWs Unable to autorange the chirp signal ERR 537 RBW 300 Unable to adjust less than 300 Hz RES BWs CW CAL OSC not autoranging ERR 538 RBW 300 Unable to adjust less than 300 Hz RES BWs Noisy shape of 500 Hz IF filter ERR 539 RBW 300 Unable to adjust less than 300 Hz RES BWs CW CAL OSC not autoranging ERR 540 RBW 300 Un...

Page 701: ...t amplitude in log scale ERR 571 AMPL Unable to adjust step gain amplifiers ERR 572 AMPL 1M Unable to adjust amplitude of 1 MHz RES BW ERR 573 LOG AMPL Unable to adjust amplitude in log scale ERR 574 LOG AMPL Unable to adjust amplitude in log scale ERR 575 LOG AMPL Unable to adjust amplitude in log scale ERR 576 LOG AMPL Unable to adjust amplitude in log scale ERR 577 LOG AMPL Unable to adjust amp...

Page 702: ...tenuator calibration offset error from DC logger calibration ERR 595 LOG ATTN Attenuator calibration absolute error from DC logger calibration ERR 596 LOG FID Fidelity error from DC logger calibration ERR 597 LOG OFST Fidelity offset error from DC logger calibration ERR 598 LOG OFST Fidelity offset unstable from DC logger calibration ERR 599 LOG GAIN Fidelity gain error from DC logger calibration ...

Page 703: ...M U308 Checksum error of program ROM A2U308 ERR 708 ROM U309 Checksum error of program ROM A2U309 ERR 709 ROM U310 Checksum error of program ROM A2U310 ERR 710 ROM U311 Checksum error of program ROM A2U311 ERR 711 RAM U303 Checksum error of system RAM A2U303 ERR 712 RAM U302 Checksum error of system RAM A2U302 ERR 713 RAM U301 Checksum error of system RAM A2U301 ERR 714 RAM U300 Checksum error of ...

Page 704: ...rdware firmware interaction Code invoked for wrong instrument ERR 760 NO FADC The power on read of the fast analog to digital converter hardware is failing This error applies applies only to EC series analyzers and E series analyzers with fast ADC Option 007 Error codes 800 through 899 MODULE are reserved for option modules such as the Agilent 85629B test and adjustment module or the Agilent 85620...

Page 705: ...d ERR 903 A DLMT Unnormalized trace A is off screen with trace math or normalization on ERR 904 B DLMT Calibration trace trace B is off screen with trace math or normalization on ERR 905 EXT REF Unable to lock cal oscillator when set to external reference Check that external reference is within tolerance ERR 906 OVENCOLD The oven controlled crystal oscillator OCXO oven is cold ERR 907 DO IFCAL Uni...

Page 706: ... AMPCOR Measurement data which would normally be displayed above the top graticule and therefore has unspecified accuracy has been corrected by ampcor the amplitude correction function ampcor to appear between the top and bottom graticule ERR 922 AMPCOR Measurement data which would normally be displayed below the bottom graticule and therefore has unspecified accuracy has been corrected by ampcor ...

Page 707: ...nnel power acceleration 378 bandwidth 384 channel bandwidth 224 channel spacing 224 computations 116 compute 385 data format 286 description 108 example 109 118 frequency weighting 387 graph 388 instrument setup 115 lower 390 maximum 391 measure 392 measurement 108 209 measurement method 394 softkeys 212 spacing 403 total power transmitted 399 upper 406 ADJALL command 407 ADJCRT command 408 ADJIF ...

Page 708: ...d 433 CATALOG command 365 caution symbol 45 CENTER FREQ softkey 222 center frequency 31 39 434 537 center frequency step size 223 614 Centronix converter 663 CF command 434 CF STEP AUTO MAN softkey 223 CF 2CF softkey 222 CF 2CF softkey 222 CH EDGES MKR softkey 223 CHAN DN softkey 223 CHAN PWR OVER BW softkey 223 CHAN UP softkey 224 CHANNELBANDWDTHsoftkey 111 224 channel bandwidth 279 CHANNEL comma...

Page 709: ...SPOSE command 365 distortion harmonic 67 intermodulation 75 DIV command 365 DL command 455 DLY SWP ON OFF softkey 157 233 DLYSWP command 457 done 459 DONE command 459 DONE EDIT softkey 233 dotted lines 371 DSPL LIN ON OFF softkey 234 DSPLY command 365 dynamic range 93 dynamic range level 267 E earphone jack 42 edge mode 141 EDGE POL POS NEG softkey 234 edge polarity positive or negative 234 EDIT A...

Page 710: ... 478 FULL SPAN softkey 241 FUNCDEF command 365 functions disappearing 670 fundamental functions 36 fundamental units 304 G GATE command 481 gate control 483 edge level 241 on off 241 GATE CTL EDGE LVL softkey 241 gate delay 241 484 setting the gate delay 145 gate delay and sweep delay 157 gate length 241 setting the gate length 145 GATE ON OFF softkey 144 241 gate output 42 gate polarity 486 gate ...

Page 711: ...FREQ softkey 245 LO output first 38 local control 296 local oscillator frequency 245 LOCK HARMONIC softkey 100 244 LOCK ON OFF softkey 244 LOG command 366 LOG dB DIV softkey 245 logarithmic amplitude scale 245 logarithmic scale 498 lower adjacent channel power 390 lsb length 372 LVL POL POS NEG softkey 246 M making measurements 50 MAN TRK ADJ softkey 246 manuals descriptions of 46 marker activatio...

Page 712: ...key 254 MKSP command 536 MKSS command 537 MKT command 538 MKTRACK command 539 ML command 541 mnemonics 371 MOD command 366 MODRCLT command 366 MODSAVT command 366 modulation measurement 60 module commands 365 module connector 42 MODULE key 254 monitoring system operation 332 MOV command 366 MPY command 366 msb length 372 MSDEV command 366 MXM command 366 MXMH command 543 MXRMODE command 544 N NADC...

Page 713: ...NFIG softkey 267 printer 663 PRINTER ADDRESS 264 printer configuration options 267 printer options color printer 225 monochrome printer 220 printing the display 226 677 probe active 663 close field 662 high frequency 663 probe power 38 problems 667 program timing 298 302 459 642 SINGLE sweep softkey 298 single sweep mode 298 TS command 298 programming command 376 functional index 352 362 versus fr...

Page 714: ...mand 367 SDON command 367 secondary keywords 371 SEDI command 367 SELECT CHAR softkey 277 SENTER command 367 SER command 591 serial number 591 serial numbers 684 service information 47 service it yourself 678 service kit 678 service request 332 338 613 618 information 587 mask 334 service tag 680 servicing 667 servicing the spectrum analyzer 680 SETDATE command 367 SETTIME command 367 setup adjace...

Page 715: ...mmunication remotely 293 system IF adjustment 240 T T weighting 287 take sweep 642 take sweep command 298 TAM 669 TDF A block format 311 binary format B 309 I block format I 313 measurement units format M 308 parameter format P 306 TDF command 304 306 630 test and adjustment module 659 669 TEXT command 368 TH command 632 THRESHLD ON OFF softkey 283 threshold 632 thru calibration trace 222 271 time...

Page 716: ...RIGPOL command 641 TS command 642 TWNDOW command 643 two bandwidth method ACP 118 U uncoupled function indicator 39 UNITS AUTO MAN softkey 285 units of measure 426 unpreselected external mixing 236 updating trace information 298 upper adjacent channel power 406 V V GHz 25 50 softkey 285 VARDEF command 368 variable math functions 319 VARIANCE command 368 VAVG command 645 VB command 647 VBR command ...