Agilent Technologies E5070B User Manual Download

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Chapter 11

377

Limit Test

Limit Test

. Lim

it T

Figure 11-3

Limit table

Step 6.

Press Add

to add a segment to the limit table and then specify the segment parameter

values shown below.

Segment Parameter

Description

Type

Select the type of segment from the following:

OFF

Segment not used for the limit test

MIN

Segment at which the minimum is specified

MAX

Segment at which the maximum is specified

Begin Stimulus

*1*2

*1.The range in which stimulus values can be specified is from -500 G to +500 G. When a

value outside the range is entered, a suitable value within the range is specified.

*2.Once the stimulus value is specified, changing the sweep range of the E5070B/E5071B

does not affect the stimulus value.

Specify starting point for stimulus value on the limit line

End Stimulus

*1*2

Specify ending point for stimulus value on the limit line

Begin Response

*3*4

*3.The range in which response values can be specified is from -500 M to +500 M. When a

value outside this range is entered, a suitable value within the range is specified.

*4.After the response value is specified, changing formats results in changing the units but

not the value.

Specify starting point for response value on the limit line

End Response

*3*4

Specify ending point for response value on the limit line

Summary of Contents for E5070B

Page 1: ... highly sensitive microcircuits in your instrument ESD damage is most likely to occur as the test fixtures are being connected or disconnected Protect them from ESD damage by wearing a grounding strap that provides a high resistance path to ground Alternatively ground yourself to discharge any static charge built up by touching the outer shell of any grounded instrument chassis before touching the...

Page 2: ...of the instrument If you continue to operate without repairing the instrument there is a potential fire or shock hazard for the operator Instrument operates abnormally Instrument emits abnormal noise smell smoke or a spark like light during operation Instrument generates high temperature or electrical shock during operation Power cable plug or receptacle on instrument is damaged Foreign substance ...

Page 3: ...llerbescheinigung GER AUSCHEMISSION LpA 70 dB am Arbeitsplatz normaler Betrieb nach DIN 45635 T 19 Manufacturer s Declaration ACOUSTIC NOISE EMISSION LpA 70 dB operator position normal operation per ISO 7779 ...

Page 4: ...lowing applicable European Directives and carries the CE marking accordingly The Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC amended by 93 68 EEC The EMC Directive 89 336 EEC amended by 93 68 EEC To obtain Declaration of Conformity please contact your local Agilent Technologies sales office agent or distributor ...

Page 5: ...equipment is POLLUTION DEGREE 2 INDOOR USE product This equipment is tested with stand alone condition or with the combination with the accessories supplied by Agilent Technologies against the requirement of the standards described in the Declaration of Conformity If it is used as a system component compliance of related regulations and safety requirements are to be confirmed by the builder of the...

Page 6: ......

Page 7: ...alyzers User s Guide Tenth Edition FIRMWARE REVISIONS This manual applies directly to instruments that have the firmware revision A 08 00 For additional information about firmware revisions see Appendix A Manufacturing No E5070 90420 February 2007 ...

Page 8: ...nges when a new edition is printed minor corrections and updates that are incorporated at reprint do not cause the date to change The manual part number changes when extensive technical changes are incorporated August 2002 First Edition part number E5070 90030 March 2003 Second Edition part number E5070 90040 changes for firmware version A 03 50 July 2003 Third Edition part number E5070 90050 Janu...

Page 9: ...zard Keep Away from Live Circuits Operators must not remove instrument covers Component replacement and internal adjustments must be made by qualified maintenance personnel Do not replace components with the power cable connected Under certain conditions dangerous voltage levels may remain even after the power cable has been disconnected To avoid injuries always disconnect the power and discharge ...

Page 10: ... chassis which includes all exposed metal structure Stand by WARNING This warning sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure practice or condition that if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in injury or death to personnel CAUTION This Caution sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure practice or condition that if not correctly performed or adhered to coul...

Page 11: ...to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose Agilent shall not be liable for errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing use or performance of this document or any information contained herein Should Agilent and the user have a separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the material in this document that conf...

Page 12: ...led Sample key may be omitted Sample menu button box Indicates a menu button box on the screen labeled Sample which can be selected executed by clicking menu button or box may be omitted Sample block toolbar Indicates a block group of hardkeys or a toolbar setup toolbar labeled Sample Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Indicates a sequential operation of Sample 1 Sample 2 and Sample 3 menu button or box m...

Page 13: ... for applications and analysis Refer to this manual when you use the E5070B E5071B for the first time Programmer s Guide Part Number E5070 900x2 attached to Option ABA This manual provides programming information for performing automatic measurement with the E5070B E5071B It includes an outline of remote control procedures for detecting measurement start trigger and end sweep end application progr...

Page 14: ... purposes and shall not license lease market or distribute the VBA macros or modification of any part thereof Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for any infringement of any patent trademark copyright or other proprietary right by the VBA macros or their use Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the VBA macros are free from infringements of such rights of third parties However Agilent Te...

Page 15: ...w 46 Rear Panel Names and Functions of Parts 54 1 Handler I O Port 55 2 Ethernet Port 55 3 External Monitor Output Terminal Video 55 4 GPIB Connector 55 5 External Trigger Input Connector Ext Trig 55 6 Fan 55 7 Line Switch Always ON 55 8 Power Cable Receptacle to LINE 56 9 High Stability Frequency Reference Output Connector Ref Oven Option 1E5 only 56 10 External Reference Signal Input Connector R...

Page 16: ...isplay formats 81 Polar format 82 Smith chart format 83 Selecting a data format 84 Setting the Scales 85 Auto scale 85 Manual scale adjustment on a rectangular display format 85 Manual scale adjustment on the Smith chart polar format 87 Setting the value of a reference line using the marker 87 Setting Window Displays 88 Maximizing the specified window trace display 88 Turning off the display of gr...

Page 17: ...rational procedure 135 2 port TRL calibration 137 Operational procedure 138 3 port TRL calibration 140 Operational procedure 141 4 port TRL calibration 144 Operational procedure 145 Simplified calibration 148 Simplified full 3 4 port calibration 148 Simplified 3 4 port TRL calibration 149 Partial overwrite 151 Procedure 151 Improving accuracy of measurement using partial overwrite thru calibration...

Page 18: ...ning ON or OFF power level error correction 208 Preparing power meter and sensor 209 Selecting target port of error correction 215 Setting loss compensation 215 Setting a tolerance for power calibration 218 Measuring calibration data 218 Receiver Calibration 220 Turning ON OFF receiver error correction 220 Selecting target port for error correction 221 Measuring the calibration data 221 Vector Mix...

Page 19: ...lues 260 Aligning maker value displays 261 Displaying all marker values for displayed traces 262 Searching for Positions that Match Specified Criteria 263 Setting search range 263 Automatically executing a search each time a sweep is done search tracking 264 Searching for the maximum and minimum measured values 265 Searching for the target value target search 266 Searching for the peak 268 Determi...

Page 20: ...t 303 Example of Using Fixture Simulator 306 Measurement circuit example for a DUT with balanced port 306 Evaluation using an actual test fixture 306 Problems in measurement with an actual test fixture 307 DUT evaluation using the E5070B E5071B s fixture simulator 308 Advantages of balanced DUT evaluation using fixture simulator 310 8 Frequency Offset Measurement Option 008 Overview 312 Overview o...

Page 21: ...ecall Procedure 357 Recall Procedure Using Recall by File Name Feature 358 Priority of recalling the configuration file at startup 358 Saving Recalling Instrument State for Each Channel into from Memory 359 Operational Procedure 359 Saving Trace Data to a File 360 Saving data as a CSV file 360 Saving data in Touchstone format 361 Saving the Screen Image to a File 366 Saving the Screen Image to a F...

Page 22: ...401 Setting port extensions 401 Setting loss values 402 Enabling port extensions and loss values 403 Using the auto port extension function 404 Reducing Measurement Error in High Temperature Environments 409 Procedure 409 Improving Measurement Throughput 410 Using Fast Sweep Modes 410 Turning off the updating of information displayed on the LCD screen 414 Turning off system error correction 414 Pe...

Page 23: ...rning off the LCD Screen Backlight 446 Checking the product information 447 Checking the serial number 447 Checking other product information 447 Setting the preset function 449 Showing hiding the confirmation buttons when presetting 449 Setting the user preset function 449 Saving a user preset instrument state 450 System Recovery 451 Types of system recoveries 451 Notes on executing system recove...

Page 24: ...ble 494 3 Select the Segment Sweep as the Sweep Type 495 4 Execute the Calibration 495 5 Connect the DUT 497 6 Define the Setup for Display 498 7 Execute the Measurement 498 8 Define the Setup for the Segment Display and Scale 498 9 Analyze the Parameters 499 10 Define the Setup for a Limit Table 501 11 Execute the Limit Test 502 Measuring the Deviation from a Linear Phase 505 Evaluation Steps 505...

Page 25: ...rameter 524 8 Executing Calibration 524 9 Connecting DUT 526 10 Executing Measurement 527 Executing Power Calibration 529 Overview of execution procedure 529 1 Connecting Power Meter 529 2 Setting Address of Power Meter 530 3 Setting Stimulus Condition 530 4 Executing Zero Adjustment and Calibration of Power Sensor 530 5 Setting Calibration Data Measurement Conditions 530 6 Connecting Power Sensor...

Page 26: ... Making Backup Files 576 Removing Mounting Removable Hard Disk 577 Removing Removable Hard Disk 577 Mounting Removable Hard Disk 577 Writing System Correction Data from Backup Memory to Removable Hard Disk 579 Cleaning this Instrument 580 Cleaning an LCD 580 Maintenance of Test Ports and Other Connectors Ports 580 Cleaning a Display Other than an LCD 580 Replacement of Parts with Limited Service L...

Page 27: ...6 L 618 M 618 N 618 O 619 P 619 Q 621 R 621 S 622 T 623 U 624 V 624 Warning Message 626 C List of Default Values List of Default Values Save Recall Settings and Backup Settings 630 D Softkey Functions E5070B E5071B Menu Top Menu 646 Analysis Menu 647 Average Menu 662 Calibration Menu 663 Display Menu 688 Format Menu 692 Macro Setup Menu 693 Marker Menu 695 Marker Function Menu 697 Marker Search Me...

Page 28: ...t Characteristics Correction 731 Sweep Averaging 731 Raw Data Array 731 Error Correction Calibration Coefficient Data Array 731 Port Extension 731 Fixture Simulator 731 Corrected Data Array 732 Corrected Memory Array 732 Equation Editor 732 Data Math 732 Electrical Delay Phase Offset 732 Data Format Group Delay 732 Smoothing 732 Formatted Data Array Formatted Memory Array 732 Offset Scale 732 Disp...

Page 29: ...42 Math Operation Functions on Traces 742 Device Test Functions 742 Analytical Functions 743 Save Recall 744 Test Sequence Program 744 Outputting to a Printer Plotter 744 GPIB Interface 744 LAN Interface 744 Other Functions 744 Comparing Functions 745 ...

Page 30: ...24 Contents ...

Page 31: ...25 1 Precautions 1 Precautions This chapter describes cautions that must be observed in operating the E5070B E5071B ...

Page 32: ...ystem installed in this machine to the Windows operating system for ordinary PCs Doing so will cause malfunctions Do not attempt to update VBA Visual Basic for Applications software installed in this machine to its equivalent developed for ordinary PCs Doing so will cause malfunctions Do not allow any computer virus to infect the system This machine has no virus check function nor anti virus softw...

Page 33: ...s The measurement screen appears but Power on test fail or Calibration data lost is displayed in the instrument message warning area against a red background in the lower left part of the screen The system enters the service mode The instrument status bar in the lower right displays SVC in red Unstable Operation The system hangs up while the instrument is controlled from VBA or external PCs The bl...

Page 34: ...28 Chapter1 Precautions Before contacting us ...

Page 35: ...29 2 Overview of Functions 2 Overview of Functions This chapter describes the functions of the E5070B E5071B that can be accessed from the front panel LCD screen and rear panel ...

Page 36: ... section describes the names and functions of the parts on the front panel of the E5070B E5071B For more details on the functions displayed on the LCD screen see Screen Area Names and Functions of Parts on page 40 For more about the functions of softkeys see Appendix D Softkey Functions on page 645 Figure 2 1 Front panel ...

Page 37: ... E5071B and lead to device failure Turning on the power supply after a faulty shutdown may cause the system to start up in a condition called safe mode If this occurs first shut down the system to put it into the standby state and then turn on the power supply again to start up the system in normal mode For more about turning the power supply on off and putting it into the standby state see Chapte...

Page 38: ...the channel active Key Selects the previous channel as the active channel Each time the key is pressed causes the active channel to step down from the channel with the currently designated number to one with a smaller channel number Key Selects the next trace as the active trace Each time the key is pressed causes the active trace to step up from the trace with the currently designated number to o...

Page 39: ...isplayed Key Displays the Measurement Menu on page 701 on the right side of the screen Manipulating the Measurement Menu enables you to specify the measurement parameters types of S parameters for each trace Key Displays the Format Menu on page 692 on the right side of the screen Manipulating the Format Menu enables you to specify the data format data transformation and graph formats for each trac...

Page 40: ...cify the signal source power level sweep time number of points sweep type etc Key Displays the Trigger Menu on page 725 on the right side of the screen Manipulating the Trigger Menu enables you to specify the trigger mode and trigger source You can specify the trigger mode for each channel 6 Floppy Disk Drive A device for storing to and reading from a floppy disk the setup state of the E5070B E507...

Page 41: ...ftkey menu is selected When the focus is placed on a softkey menu the menu title area in the uppermost part is displayed in blue the NAVIGATION block keys work as described below Knob turned clockwise or counterclockwise Moves the softkey selection highlighted display up or down Keys Moves the softkey selection highlighted display up or down Key Displays the softkey menu one layer above Key Displa...

Page 42: ...ff Key Deletes a character to the left of the cursor in the data entry area When two or more characters in the data entry area are selected highlighted deletes all of the characters selected Key Changes the selection focus among the objects to be manipulated by the NAVIGATION block keys and ENTRY block keys The objects to be manipulated by the NAVIGATION block keys and ENTRY block keys include sof...

Page 43: ...ta for the image displayed on the LCD screen the moment this key is pressed 1 Strictly speaking the temporary save occurs the moment the System Menu is manip ulated Therefore this also occurs when the menu bar is used to execute 5 Instr State 5 System 1 to the internal memory clipboard Immediately after that displays the System Menu on page 718 on the right side of the screen Manipulating the Syst...

Page 44: ...e 697 on the right side of the screen Manipulating the Marker Function Menu enables you to not only specify the marker sweep range and the coupling of markers on a channel but also to display statistics data on traces Key Displays the Analysis Menu on page 647 on the right side of the screen Manipulating the Analysis Menu enables you to use the analytical function called the fixture simulator 11 T...

Page 45: ...ble printer to this port enables screen information on the E5070B E5071B to be printed For more on executing ECal measurements see Chapter 4 Calibration on page 93 and for printing see Printing Displayed Screen on page 369 The specifications of this port are identical to those of the 14 Rear USB port on page 57 NOTE We do not support connections to the USB port of devices other than designated pri...

Page 46: ... keys in the ACTIVE CH TRACE block RESPONSE block STIMULUS block MKR ANALYSIS block and INSTR STATE block on the front panel of the E5070B E5071B The menus on the menu bar correspond to the key blocks and their submenus to the hardkeys inside the key blocks 2 Data Entry Bar Used to enter numeric data into the E5070B E5071B Press a hardkey or softkey to enter data and the data entry bar will appear...

Page 47: ...n change numeric values by typing from the keyboard or in the ENTRY block on the front panel You can hide the frequency information in order to ensure its confidentiality or for other reasons For detailed information see Hiding Softkey s Frequency Information on page 89 2 3 Step Button Small Increases or decreases the numeric value in the data entry area in small steps Use the mouse to manipulate ...

Page 48: ...n the focus is placed on a menu bar the menu title area at the top is displayed in blue Pressing or clicking on in the 8 ENTRY Block on page 36 enables you to move the focus to the desired object 3 1 Softkey Menu Title The title of the softkey menu is displayed here Double clicking on this part of the menu bar displays the top layer of softkeys 3 2 Scroll Arrow Large When the softkeys in a menu ov...

Page 49: ...setup status You can hide the frequency information in order to ensure its confidentiality or for other reasons For detailed information see Hiding Softkey s Frequency Information on page 89 3 7 Scroll Bar When the softkeys in a menu overflow the screen clicking on the blank part of the scroll bar enables you to scroll the softkey menu up or down 3 8 Scroll Box You can scroll the softkey menu up o...

Page 50: ...D screen is turned off this indicator is displayed 4 3 Rf Output OFF Indicator When the stimulus signal output is turned off this indicator is displayed 4 4 Measurement Status Displays the measurement status of the E5070B E5071B Setup Setup for measurement in progress Hold Measurement on hold idling Init Measurement being initialized Man The trigger source is set to Manual and waiting for trigger ...

Page 51: ...xtRef display turns blue 4 7 Warm up Status Ready displayed in blue Shows that warm up of the instrument is completed Ready displayed in gray Shows that warm up of the instrument is not completed 4 8 Service Mode Indicates the service mode status SVC displayed in blue The E5070B E5071B is in service mode which is used for self diagnosis and repair of the E5070B E5071B Therefore measurement perform...

Page 52: ...called a channel window When the outer frame of a channel window is displayed in light gray the channel is the active channel the channel for which setup is being performed In Figure 2 2 on page 40 channel 1 the upper window is the active channel To make a channel active use or Clicking inside a channel window will also make the channel active Figure 2 6 Channel Window ...

Page 53: ...formed To make a trace active use or Clicking the line where the trace name is placed the mouse pointer changes from to also makes a trace active When an equation label is input using the equation editor the measurement parameter changes to the equation label For details refer to Entering the equation label on page 279 5 3 Data Format The data format of each trace is displayed here For more on set...

Page 54: ...ce ON Memory trace ON off Data trace OFF Memory trace OFF Performing data math D M D M M Execution of Data Mem math D M D M M Execution of Data Mem math D M D M M Execution of Data Mem math D M D M M Execution of Data Mem math Electrical delay Del A numeric value other than 0 zero is specified as the electrical delay or phase offset Smoothing Smo Smoothing ON Gating Gat Gating ON Parameter convers...

Page 55: ...s Screen Area Names and Functions of Parts 2 Overview of Functions Equation Editor Equ Equation editor ON Equ Equation editor ON The equation refers to invalid data Table 2 1 Trace status display Classification Contents inside Meaning ...

Page 56: ... button at the desired location i e a drag and drop operation 5 7 Trace Number In the rectangular display format the trace number is displayed in the same color as the trace at the right end of each trace 5 8 Properties Displays the following properties Figure 2 7 Properties Calibration Property Displays the status of the obtained calibration coefficients on the channel For details see Acquisition...

Page 57: ...splays the execution status of power level error correction on the channel For details see Turning ON or OFF power level error correction on page 208 5 13 Port Extension Status Shows whether the port extension is turned ON or OFF PExt displayed in blue Port extension ON not displayed Port extension OFF 5 14 Fixture Simulator Status Shows whether the fixture simulator is turned ON or OFF Sim displa...

Page 58: ...idth of the Trace Bandwidth Search on page 270 5 21 Marker Numbers The marker values are displayed in a list at positions 5 21 5 22 and 5 23 Position 5 21 displays the marker numbers For the active marker the one for which setup and analysis are being performed is displayed to the left of the marker number For the reference marker is displayed instead of the marker number 5 22 Marker Stimulus Valu...

Page 59: ...he desired position by placing the mouse pointer on the marker indicator or position of the marker itself the pointer changes from to moving the indicator vertically with the left mouse button pressed and then releasing the button at the desired location 5 26 Statistics Data Turning on the statistics data function displays statistics data here For more on the statistics data function see Determini...

Page 60: ...view of Functions Rear Panel Names and Functions of Parts Rear Panel Names and Functions of Parts This section describes the names and functions of the parts on the rear panel of the E5070B E5071B Figure 2 8 Rear panel ...

Page 61: ... main body can be displayed on an external color monitor Connector type 15 pin VGA connector female 4 GPIB Connector General Purpose Interface Bus GPIB The connection of an external controller and other devices through this connector allows you to configure an automatic measurement system For more on the automatic measurement system using GPIB see the Programmer s Guide 5 External Trigger Input Co...

Page 62: ...hen Option 1E5 high stability frequency reference is installed connect this connector to the 10 External Reference Signal Input Connector Ref In on page 56 by using the BNC m BNC m cable included with the option 10 External Reference Signal Input Connector Ref In The reference signal input connector for phase locking the measurement signal from the E5070B E5071B to the external frequency reference...

Page 63: ...cally installed for an ECal Electronic Calibration a USB GPIB interface a multiport test set or a printer The specifications of this port are identical to the 12 Front USB Port on page 39 15 Reserved Port Reserved These two ports are not available for connections 16 Printer Parallel Port A 25 pin parallel port for printer connection Connecting a designated printer to this port allows screen inform...

Page 64: ...to move a marker or the scale reference line by using drag and drop operations NOTE Be sure to only use a mouse designated for use with this instrument Using a mouse other than those designated may cause erroneous input 19 USB USBTMC Interface Port Through this port you can control the E5070B E5071B from external controllers For more information on the measurement system using the USB port see the...

Page 65: ...59 3 Setting Measurement Conditions 3 Setting Measurement Conditions This chapter describes how to set up the measurement conditions for the Agilent E5070B E5071B Network Analyzer ...

Page 66: ...ending on the instrument setting state For more information see Showing hiding the confir mation buttons when presetting on page 449 1 or Execute the SYST PRES command RST state Execute the RST command Factory default setting how the E5070B E5071B is set up prior to shipment from the factory The user can set items to be preset freely For more information see Setting the user preset function on pag...

Page 67: ... trace on page 67 the target is the selected active channel trace You can specify only the displayed channels traces as active channels traces Therefore set the display of channels traces before setting the measurement conditions Setting upper limits of number of channels traces You can select the upper limits of the number of channels and the number of traces from the following combinations 1 cha...

Page 68: ...lts from more than one channel This means that the setting of the window layout determines the number of channels displayed on screen NOTE The execution of measurement for each channel does not depend on how the channel is displayed channels that are not displayed can be measured For information on executing measurement for each channel trigger mode and trigger source refer to Chapter 5 Making Mea...

Page 69: ...Chapter 3 63 Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Channels and Traces 3 Setting Measurement Conditions Figure 3 1 Layout of channel windows ...

Page 70: ...umber of traces Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Number of Traces Step 4 Press the desired softkey to set the number of traces Setting trace layout graph layout Traces are laid out and displayed in the order of the trace number from graph 1 according to the graph layout in the channel window You can select the graph layout from Figure 3 2 If the number of traces is less than the number of graphs nothing ...

Page 71: ... Conditions The procedure for setting the graph layout is as follows Step 1 Press or to select the channel for which you want to set the graph layout Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Allocate Traces Step 4 Press the desired softkey to select the graph layout refer to Figure 3 2 Figure 3 2 Graph layout ...

Page 72: ...channel to the next channel with the larger channel number Change the active channel to the previous channel with the smaller channel number Active trace The active trace is the one whose settings can currently be changed The trace name on the screen for example Tr3 of the current active trace is highlighted and indicated with to the left To change the settings specific to a certain trace you must...

Page 73: ... Sweep Time Sweep Delay Number of points Points Segment sweep Sweep Type Edit Segment Table Segment Display Sweep mode Sweep Mode Trigger Settings Trigger source Trigger Source Restart Trigger Trigger mode 1 Hold Hold All Channels Single Continuous Continuous Disp Channels Response Settings Measurement parameter Data format Scale Electrical delay Phase offset 2 Memory trace and data math Display D...

Page 74: ... All Channels for the analyzer 2 Auto Scale All and scale Divisions must be set up in rectangular form for each channel 3 Turning the marker table display on or off applies to the entire analyzer On the other hand the sweep range setting of the marker must be performed for each channel In the preset condition marker coupling is enabled and marker settings and movements are effective for all traces...

Page 75: ...onditions Setting the System Z0 NOTE This function is available with the firmware version 3 01 or greater The procedure for setting the system characteristic impedance Z0 is as follows Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Set Z0 Step 3 Enter the system Z0 using the ENTRY block keys on the front panel ...

Page 76: ... segment sweep on page 415 Power Sweeps power levels in linear scale The procedure for selecting the sweep type is as follows Step 1 Press or to select the channel for which you want to set the sweep type Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Sweep Type Step 4 Press the desired softkey to select the sweep type Setting the Sweep Range There are two ways to set the sweep range by specifying the lowest and the h...

Page 77: ...n the front panel input a span value Setting the Sweep Range Using the Marker Step 1 In the channel window whose range must be set place the active marker on the active trace to a position that corresponds to the new range to the lowest highest or center value Step 2 Press Step 3 Press the softkey that corresponds to each value Softkey Function Marker Start Sets the lowest value to the stimulus va...

Page 78: ...72 Chapter3 Setting Measurement Conditions Setting Stimulus Conditions Figure 3 4 Setting the sweep range using the marker ...

Page 79: ...ent Status Bar on page 44 Power trip The power trip is a feature that the instrument uses to automatically turn off the output of the stimulus signal to protect the instrument when a signal whose level exceeds the upper limit is inputted to the test port If the power output is automatically turned off by the power trip feature remove the cause of the over input and turn on the power output accordi...

Page 80: ...page 77 When different power ranges are selected in multiple channel measurement settings In this case an error message is displayed to avoid source attenuator damage For example When Channel 1 s stop frequency is 8 GHz and Channel 2 s stop frequency is 2 GHz with a 0 dBm setting the error message Continuous switching may damage source attenuator is displayed because each selected power range is d...

Page 81: ...e power level is outputted to all ports OFF A specific power level is outputted to each port independently NOTE The power level of port 1 is coupled with the power level for all ports NOTE If you change the on off setting of the level coupling all ports are automatically changed to the same level value as that of port 1 Step 5 When setting level for all ports Port Couple ON 1 Press Power 2 Enter t...

Page 82: ... the level actually applied to the DUT Turning power slope feature on off Step 1 Press or to select the channel for which the power slope feature will be turned on or off Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Power Step 4 Press Slope OFF Slope ON Each press toggles between on off Setting correction coefficient correction amount for 1 GHz Step 1 Press or to select the channel for which you want to set the corr...

Page 83: ...ing range When option 214 314 or 414 is installed you can select from the following power ranges Selectable power ranges 20 dBm to 10 dBm 25 dBm to 7 dBm 30 dBm to 2 dBm 35 dBm to 3 dBm 40 dBm to 8 dBm 45 dBm to 13 dBm 50 dBm to 18 dBm 55 dBm to 23 dBm NOTE The range selection is common to all ports You cannot select it for each port independently The procedure for selecting the range is as follow...

Page 84: ...r of points will be set Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Points Step 4 Using the ENTRY block keys on the front panel input the desired number of points Setting the sweep time Sweep time is the time it takes to complete a sweep for each stimulus source port Two modes are available for setting the sweep time manual sweep time mode and automatic sweep time mode Manual Sweep Time Mode In this mode the sweep ...

Page 85: ...me will be set Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Sweep Time Step 4 Using the ENTRY block keys on the front panel input the desired sweep time in seconds If the previous operation mode was automatic sweep time mode entering a new sweep time forces the machine to switch to manual sweep time mode Switching to Automatic Sweep Time Mode Step 1 Press or to select the channel which will be switched to automatic ...

Page 86: ...is defined by the ratio of two complex numbers and contains information on the magnitude and phase of the signal S parameters are typically expressed as follows Sout in out port number of the DUT from which the signal is output in port number of the DUT to which the signal is input For example S parameter S21 is the ratio of the output signal of port 2 on the DUT with the input signal of port 1 on...

Page 87: ...ase format Expanded phase format Positive phase format Group delay format Linear magnitude format SWR format Real format Imaginary format R Polar format R Smith chart format Rectangular display formats Rectangular display formats draw traces by assigning stimulus values linear scale to the X axis and response values to the Y axis Figure 3 8 Eight different formats are available depending on the se...

Page 88: ...Magnitude Abstract number Reflection coefficient measurement SWR format 1 ρ 1 ρ ρ reflection coefficient Abstract number Measurement of standing wave ratio Real format Real part of measured complex parameter Abstract number Imaginary format Imaginary part of measured complex parameter Abstract number 82 Chapter3 Setting Measurement Conditions Selecting a Data Format Polar format In the polar forma...

Page 89: ...this format traces are plotted at the same spots as in the polar format The Smith chart format allows users to select one of the following five data groups for displaying the marker response values Linear magnitude and phase Log magnitude and phase Real and imaginary parts Resistance Ω reactance Ω and inductance H or capacitance F Conductance S susceptance S and capacitance F or inductance H Figur...

Page 90: ...ag Selects the Smith chart format with the real and imaginary parts as the marker response values Smith R jX Selects the Smith chart format with resistance and reactance as the marker response values Smith G jB Selects the Smith chart format with conductance and susceptance as the marker response values Polar Lin Phase Selects the polar format with linear magnitude and phase as the marker response...

Page 91: ...four parameters are used to manually adjust the scales Table 3 3 and Figure 3 11 Table 3 4 Adjustable scale features on a rectangular display format Adjustable feature Description Divisions Divisions Defines the number of divisions on the Y axis An even number from 4 to 30 must be used Once set it is commonly applied to all traces displayed in any rectangular format within that channel Scale Divis...

Page 92: ... softkey that corresponds to the particular feature that needs to be adjusted Softkey Function Divisions Defines the number of divisions on the Y axis Scale Div Defines the number of increments per division on the Y axis Reference Position Defines the position of the reference line Reference Value Defines the value corresponding to the reference line NOTE It is also possible to turn off the displa...

Page 93: ... the front panel input the displacement of the outermost circle Setting the value of a reference line using the marker When using a rectangular display format it is possible to change the reference line value to be equal to the response value of the active marker on the active trace Setting the reference line value using the marker Step 1 Place the active marker on the active trace on the position...

Page 94: ... one more time to reduce the window to its previous size Maximizing a trace display Step 1 Press or to select the channel to which the trace belongs Step 2 Press or to select the trace whose display will be maximized Step 3 Press to maximize the trace display Press one more time to reduce the display to its previous size Turning off the display of graticule labels When using a rectangular display ...

Page 95: ...rement screen which changes the frequency information displayed in the Stimulus softkey and the data entry area for Hz unit to asterisks Step 1 Press Service Menu Step 2 Press Security Level and select any of the following options for the frequency display Softkey Function OFF Displays the frequency information Low Hides the frequency information with a series of asterisks This can be turned to OF...

Page 96: ... 3 13 Title label input dialog box Step 4 Using the keys in the dialog box type a label and press Enter Step 5 Press Title Label to turn on the title display The title will appear within a frame at the top of the channel window title bar Figure 3 14 Figure 3 14 Title Display ...

Page 97: ... display color to the normal display or the inverted display separately for each of the following items R Data memory trace R Labels and lines of graphs R File display of the limit test and limit lines R Background You set the color of each item by specifying the amounts of red R green G and blue B contained in the color You can specify each level of R G and B in 6 steps 0 to 5 Therefore 216 color...

Page 98: ...y in the limit test result Limit Line Specifies the limit line Background Specifies the background Step 6 Press Red Step 7 Select the amount of red R from 0 to 5 Step 8 Press Green Step 9 Select the amount of green G from 0 to 5 Step 10 Press Blue Step 11 Select the amount of blue B from 0 to 5 Resetting the display colors to the factory state You can reset the display colors in normal display and...

Page 99: ...93 4 Calibration 4 Calibration This chapter describes the calibration processes that should be used with the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 100: ...e unpredictable they cannot be eliminated by calibration These errors are further classified into the following sub categories depending on their causes Instrument noise errors Switch repeatability errors Connector repeatability errors Instrument noise errors Instrument noise errors are caused by electric fluctuations within components used in the measuring instrument These errors may be reduced b...

Page 101: ...stematic errors as follows Errors caused by signal leaks in the measuring system Directivity Isolation cross talk Errors caused by reflections in the measuring system Source match Load match Errors caused by the frequency response of the receiver within the measuring instrument Reflection tracking Transmission tracking The E5070B E5071B has two receivers for each test port the reference receiver a...

Page 102: ...ivity error of port 3 2 Options 413 and 414 only Ed4 2 Directivity error of port 4 Isolation error Ex An isolation error crosstalk error is caused by signals other than the transmission signal of the DUT leaking to the test receiver of the transmission measurement port in transmission measurements When a certain port is a stimulus port an isolation error is defined for each of the other ports Ther...

Page 103: ...e the number of load match errors for the E5070B E5071B is the total number of combinations of stimulus ports and response ports El21 El31 1 and El41 1 Options 313 314 413 and 414 only 2 2 Options 413 and 414 only Load match error when port 1 is a stimulus port El12 El32 1 and El42 2 Load match error when port 2 is a stimulus port El13 1 El23 1 and El43 2 Load match error when port 3 is a stimulus...

Page 104: ...fined for each of the other ports Therefore the number of transmission tracking errors for the E5070B E5071B is the total number of combinations of stimulus ports and response ports Et21 Et31 1 and Et41 1 Options 313 314 413 and 414 only 2 2 Options 413 and 414 only Transmission tracking error when port 1 is a stimulus port Et12 Et32 1 and Et42 2 Transmission tracking error when port 2 is a stimul...

Page 105: ...l module 2 port 4 port Following 3 error terms Directivity Ed Source Match Es Reflection Tracking Er S11 Reflection characteristics at 1 port 1 port measurement with the highest degree of accuracy Quick calibration with low chance of operator error OPEN SHORT LOAD Highly accurate 1 port measurement Full 2 Port Calibration 1 ECal module 2 port 4 port Following 12 error terms Directivity Ed1 Ed2 Iso...

Page 106: ...bration 8 1 Open Short Load Thru Same as full 4 port calibration S11 S21 S31 S41 S12 S22 S32 S42 S13 S23 S33 S43 S14 S24 S34 S44 Part of thru measurement can be skipped High accuracy 4 port measurement 7 4 Simpler procedure by skipping thru measurement 2 Port TRL Calibration Reflection OPEN or SHORT THRU LINE MATCH Following 12 error terms Directivity Ed1 Ed2 Source Match Es1 Es2 Load Match El1 El...

Page 107: ... High accuracy 4 port measurement 7 Effective for non coaxial device measurement Simpler procedure by skipping thru line match measurement 1 The user may select whether or not to carry out isolation calibration 2 A general principle is to use an open standard if the impedance of the device is larger than 50 Ω and a SHORT standard if it is less 3 Only when isolation calibration is carried out Isola...

Page 108: ... C displayed in blue Error correction On Extrapolation is being executed Execution status of error correction for each trace You can check the status of the error correction actually executed for each trace with the trace status area For a trace for which error correction is executed the applied calibration type is indicated in the trace status area by the symbols in the table below Symbol Calibra...

Page 109: ...ients are cleared o Executing preset clears all calibration coefficients o If S parameters required to calculate the calibration coefficient for the specified calibration type and test ports and those required for the existing calibration coefficient overlap executing the acquisition of the calibration coefficient measuring necessary data and then pressing the Done softkey clears the calibration c...

Page 110: ...alibration Checking Calibration Status Step 1 Press or to select the channel for which you want to turn on off the calibration property display Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Property Each press toggles the on off setting ...

Page 111: ...on kit Step 1 Press or to select the channel for which you want to select the calibration kit Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Cal Kit Step 4 Select the calibration kit from the list below Softkey Function 85033E Selects the calibration kit 85033E 85033D Selects the calibration kit 85033D 85052D Selects the calibration kit 85052D 85032F Selects the calibration kit 85032F 85032B Selects the calibration ki...

Page 112: ...tion When the trigger source for calibration is set to System and the trigger source for measurement is set to External or Manual with the point trigger function set to ON a trigger is required for each measurement point during calibration When the averaging trigger function is set to ON the sweep is performed the number of times specified by the averaging factor for a single trigger during calibr...

Page 113: ...acking error from the test setup in a reflection test using that port Figure 4 3 It is also possible to carry out isolation calibration with a LOAD standard during OPEN SHORT response calibration An isolation calibration will eliminate the directivity error from the test setup in a reflection test using that port Figure 4 4 Figure 4 3 1 Port error model OPEN SHORT response Figure 4 4 1 Port error ...

Page 114: ... test port upon which you will perform OPEN SHORT response calibration Softkey Function 1 Selects port 1 2 Selects port 2 3 Selects port 3 4 Selects port 4 NOTE An asterisk in the upper right of the softkey indicates that the existing calibration coefficient will be cleared if you select the test port and execute the acquisition of the calibration coefficient pressing Done Step 7 Depending on the ...

Page 115: ... Connect a LOAD standard to the test port connector to which the DUT is to be connected selected in Step 6 Figure 4 6 Connecting the LOAD standard b Press Load Optional to start the measurement on the LOAD standard Step 10 Press Done to terminate the response calibration and the LOAD isolation calibration process Upon pressing this key calibration coefficients will be calculated and saved The erro...

Page 116: ...ocess of THRU response calibration An isolation calibration will eliminate isolation error crosstalk error from the test setup in a transmission test using that port Figure 4 7 2 Port error model THRU response Figure 4 8 2 Port Error model THRU response isolation Procedure Step 1 Press or to select the channel for which you want to perform the calibration Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Calibrate Step 4...

Page 117: ...2 Selects test port 1 input and test port 2 output Corresponds to the determination of S12 3 2 S32 Selects test port 3 input and test port 2 output Corresponds to the determination of S32 4 2 S42 Selects test port 4 input and test port 2 output Corresponds to the determination of S42 1 3 S13 Selects test port 1 input and test port 3 output Corresponds to the determination of S13 2 3 S23 Selects te...

Page 118: ...ndard to each of the two test ports connectors to which the DUT is to be connected selected in Step 6 Figure 4 10 Connecting the LOAD standard b Press Isolation Optional to start the calibration measurement Step 10 Press Done to terminate the response calibration and the LOAD isolation calibration process Upon pressing this key calibration coefficients will be calculated and saved The error correc...

Page 119: ...PEN standard a SHORT standard and a LOAD standard to the desired test port This calibration effectively eliminates the frequency response reflection tracking error directivity error and source match error from the test setup in a reflection test using that port Figure 4 11 Figure 4 11 1 Port error model 1 port calibration Figure 4 12 Connecting the standard for 1 port calibration ...

Page 120: ...n of the calibration coefficient pressing Done Step 7 Connect an OPEN calibration standard to the test port connector to which the DUT is to be connected selected in Step 6 Step 8 Press Open to start the calibration measurement Step 9 Connect a SHORT calibration standard to the test port connector to which the DUT is to be connected selected in Step 6 Step 10 Press Short to start the calibration m...

Page 121: ...tandard or a LOAD standard to the output port or a THRU standard between two ports This calibration effectively eliminates the directivity error crosstalk source match error frequency response reflection tracking error and frequency response transmission tracking error from the test setup in a transmission or reflection test using those ports Figure 4 13 Figure 4 13 2 Port Error Model Enhanced Res...

Page 122: ...d 2 selecting port 1 as the output 3 1 S31 S11 Measure between test ports 1 and 3 selecting port 1 as the output 4 1 S41 S11 Measure between test ports 1 and 4 selecting port 1 as the output 1 2 S12 S22 Measure between test ports 2 and 1 selecting port 2 as the output 3 2 S32 S22 Measure between test ports 2 and 3 selecting port 2 as the output 4 2 S42 S22 Measure between test ports 2 and 4 select...

Page 123: ...OAD standard Step 11 Press Load to start the calibration measurement Step 12 Make a THRU connection between the two ports Step 13 Press Thru to start the calibration measurement Step 14 If an isolation calibration must be performed using a LOAD standard follow the procedure below a Connect a LOAD standard to the two test ports b Press Isolation Optional to start the calibration measurement Step 15...

Page 124: ...inates the directivity error crosstalk source match error frequency response reflection tracking error and frequency response transmission tracking error from the test setup in a transmission or reflection test using those ports Figure 4 15 This calibration makes it possible to perform measurements with the highest possible accuracy A total of twelve error terms six each in the forward direction a...

Page 125: ...the test ports on which you will perform full 2 port calibration In the procedure below the selected test ports are denoted as x and y Softkey Function 1 2 Selects test ports 1 and 2 1 3 Selects test ports 1 and 3 1 4 Selects test ports 1 and 4 2 3 Selects test ports 2 and 3 2 4 Selects test ports 2 and 4 3 4 Selects test ports 3 and 4 NOTE An asterisk in the upper right of the softkey indicates t...

Page 126: ...he standard is connected Step 14 Repeat Step 8 to Step 13 for port y Step 15 Press Return Step 16 Press Transmission Step 17 Make a THRU connection between ports x and y between the connectors to which the DUT is to be connected selected in Step 6 Step 18 Press Port x y Thru to start the calibration measurement x and y denote the test ports between which the THRU connection is being made Step 19 P...

Page 127: ... tracking error from the test setup in a transmission or reflection test using those ports Figure 4 17 As in full 2 port calibration this calibration method also makes it possible to perform measurements with the highest possible accuracy There are unique error terms for directivity source match and reflection tracking for each stimulus test port 3 3 ports 9 As for isolation load match and transmi...

Page 128: ...ts Step 6 Select the test ports on which you will perform full 3 port calibration In the procedure below the selected test ports are denoted as x y and z Softkey Function 1 2 3 Selects test ports 1 2 and 3 1 2 4 Selects test ports 1 2 and 4 1 3 4 Selects test ports 1 3 and 4 2 3 4 Selects test ports 2 3 and 4 NOTE An asterisk in the upper right of the softkey indicates that the existing calibratio...

Page 129: ...ep 13 on port z Step 16 Press Return Step 17 Press Transmission Step 18 Make a THRU connection between ports x and y between the connectors to which the DUT will be connected selected in Step 6 Step 19 Press Port x y Thru to start the calibration measurement x and y denote the test ports between which a THRU connection is being made Step 20 Repeat Step 18 and Step 19 on ports x and z Step 21 Repea...

Page 130: ...ing error from the test setup in a transmission or reflection test using those ports Figure 4 19 As in full 2 port calibration this calibration method also makes it possible to perform measurements with the highest possible accuracy There are unique error terms for directivity source match and reflection tracking for each stimulus test port 3 4 ports 12 As for isolation load match and transmission...

Page 131: ...ndard to test port 1 the connector to which the DUT is to be connected Step 7 Press Port 1 Open to start the calibration measurement Step 8 Disconnect the OPEN calibration standard connected in Step 6 and replace it with a SHORT calibration standard Step 9 Press Port 1 Short to start the calibration measurement Step 10 Disconnect the SHORT calibration standard connected in Step 8 and replace it wi...

Page 132: ...ration must be performed using a LOAD standard follow the procedure below a Press Isolation Optional b Connect a LOAD standard to each of the four test ports connectors to which the DUT is to be connected c Press Port 1 2 Isol to start the calibration measurement d Press Port 1 3 Isolto start the calibration measurement e Press Port 1 4 Isol to start the calibration measurement f Press Port 2 3 Is...

Page 133: ...rt calibration using the 2 port ECal module Step 1 Connect the USB port on the ECal module with the USB port on the E5070B E5071B via a USB cable This connection may be made while the E5070B E5071B s power is on Step 2 Connect a port on the ECal module to the test port to be calibrated NOTE You can connect the ports of the ECal and the test ports of the E5070B E5071B arbitrarily Connected ports ca...

Page 134: ...t calibration on test port 4 Full 2 Port Calibration Using the 2 Port ECal Module Follow the procedure below to perform a full 2 port calibration using the 2 port ECal module Step 1 Connect the USB port on the ECal module with the USB port on the E5070B E5071B via a USB cable This connection may be done while the E5070B E5071B s power is on Step 2 Connect port A and port B on the ECal module to th...

Page 135: ...rms a 2 port ECal Step 8 When using a 3 port or 4 port E5070B E5071B Options 313 314 413 or 414 press one of the softkeys below to start a full 2 port calibration Softkey Function Port 1 2 Performs a full 2 port calibration between test ports 1 and 2 Port 1 3 Performs a full 2 port calibration between test ports 1 and 3 Port 1 4 1 Only with Options 413 and 414 1 Performs a full 2 port calibration ...

Page 136: ...he thru calibraion is done with thru standard in ECal however the stored thru calibration data in ECal is not used E5070B E5071B performs thru calibration as a unknown thru calibration For more detail on the unknown thru calibration see Unknown Thru Calibration on page 153 Step 1 Press Step 2 Press ECal Step 3 Press Unknown Thru to turn on Step 4 Perform your desired ECal calibration ...

Page 137: ...oftkey Function Auto Turns on the auto detect function Manual Turns off the auto detect function Step 5 Specify a test port of the E5070B E5071B Softkey Function Port 1 Specifies port 1 of the E5070B E5071B Port 2 Specifies port 2 of the E5070B E5071B Port 3 1 Only with Options 313 314 413 and 414 1 Specifies port 3 of the E5070B E5071B Port 4 2 Only with Options 413 and 414 2 Specifies port 4 of ...

Page 138: ...the E5070B E5071B with a USB cable The connection may be made while the E5070B E5071B s power is on Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Load Project Step 4 From the Open dialog box select the VBA project file D Agilent ECalAssistant VBA and press the Open button Step 5 Press The dialog box shown in Figure 4 23 appears Figure 4 23 ECalAssistant start dialog box Step 6 Press the Next button The dialog box sho...

Page 139: ...alAssistant Connection dialog box Step 11 Following the connection diagram shown in the dialog box Figure 4 25 connect ports A and B of the ECal module to test ports on the E5070B E5071B Note that the connection diagram shown in each dialog box that appears in each step depends on the number of test ports on the E5070B E5071B options 313 314 or 413 414 as well as the test port selection made in St...

Page 140: ...e following the instructions given in each dialog box and continue the calibration process Step 15 When all calibration data have been collected a dialog box with the Complete sign appears as shown in Figure 4 28 Press the Done button to finish the calibration If you wish to cancel the calibration press the Cancel button Figure 4 28 EcalAssistant Finish dialog box ...

Page 141: ... the USB port of the E5070B E5071B You can make this connection while the E5070B E5071B s power is on Step 2 Connect the ports of the 4 port ECal module to the test ports you want to calibrate Figure 4 29 Connecting 4 port ECal module for full 4 port calibration NOTE You can connect the ports of the ECal and the test ports of the E5070B E5071B arbitrarily Connected ports can be manually specified ...

Page 142: ...314 413 and 414 only 1 Selects full 3 port calibration 4 Port ECal 2 Options 413 and 414 only 2 Selects full 4 port calibration Thru ECal Selects THRU calibration Step 8 If you must select a port the softkey for making this selection is displayed Select a port and start calibration If you do not have to select a port this step is skipped Step 9 The E5070B E5071B detects the test ports connected to...

Page 143: ...ms in total for calibration in the same way as full 2 port calibration NOTE This function is available with firmware version A 06 00 or greater For firmware version A 06 00 or earlier you can use VBA macros to define save calibration kits and execute calibration For more information see Appendix A Manual Changes on page 583 Before executing TRL calibration you need to modify the calibration kit de...

Page 144: ... 3 Press Calibrate Step 4 Press 2 Port TRL Cal Step 5 Press Select Ports Step 6 Select the test ports for which you want to execute TRL 2 port calibration In the following procedure test ports you select here are expressed as test ports x and y Softkey Function 1 2 Selects test ports 1 and 2 1 3 Selects test ports 1 and 3 1 4 Selects test ports 1 and 4 2 3 Selects test ports 2 and 3 2 4 Selects te...

Page 145: ...ment of the calibration standard Softkey Function x y Line Match 1 This is equivalent to measuring x y Fwd Syx and x y Rvs Sxy 1 Executes line match calibration for test ports x and y Use this to perform forward direction measurement and reverse direction measurement at the same time x y Fwd Syx 2 Measuring x y Fwd Syx and x y Rvs Sxy is equivalent to measuring x y Line Match 2 Executes line match...

Page 146: ...l for calibration in the same way as full 3 port calibration NOTE This function is available with firmware version A 06 00 or later For firmware version A 06 00 or earlier you can use VBA macros to define save calibration kits and execute calibration For more information see Appendix A Manual Changes on page 583 Before executing TRL calibration you need to modify the calibration kit definition you...

Page 147: ...ate Step 4 Press 3 Port TRL Cal Step 5 Press Select Ports Step 6 Select test ports for which you want to execute TRL 3 port calibration In the following procedure test ports you select here are expressed as test ports x y and z Softkey Function 1 2 3 Selects test ports 1 2 and 3 1 2 4 Selects test ports 1 2 and 4 1 3 4 Selects test ports 1 3 and 4 2 3 4 Selects test ports 2 3 and 4 NOTE An asteris...

Page 148: ...ime x y Fwd Syx 2 Measuring x y Fwd Syx and x y Rvs Sxy is equivalent to measuring x y Line Match 2 Executes line match calibration for test ports x and y Use this to perform forward direction measurement only x y Rvs Sxy 2 Executes line match calibration for test ports x and y Use this to perform reverse direction measurement only x z Line Match Executes line match calibration for test ports x an...

Page 149: ...bration 3 port TRL calibration 4 Calibration Step 10 Press Done to finish TRL 3 port calibration At this point the calibration coefficient is calculated and saved The error correction function is automatically turned on ...

Page 150: ...l for calibration in the same way as full 4 port calibration NOTE This function is available with firmware version A 06 00 or later For firmware version A 06 00 or earlier you can use VBA macros to define save calibration kits and execute calibration For more information see Appendix A Manual Changes on page 583 Before executing TRL calibration you need to modify the calibration kit definition you...

Page 151: ...Press Calibrate Step 4 Press 4 Port TRL Cal Step 5 Press Select Ports Step 6 Thru Line to start the measurement of the calibration standard Softkey Function Port 1 2 Thru Executes thru line calibration for test ports 1 and 2 Port 1 3 Thru Executes thru line calibration for test ports 1 and 3 Port 1 4 Thru Executes thru line calibration for test ports 1 and 4 Port 2 3 Thru Executes thru line calibr...

Page 152: ... same time 1 3 Fwd S31 Executes line match calibration for test ports 1 and 3 Use this to perform forward direction measurement only 1 3 Rvs S13 Executes line match calibration for test ports 1 and 3 Use this to perform reverse direction measurement only 1 4 Line Match Executes line match calibration for test ports 1 and 4 Use this to perform forward direction measurement and reverse direction mea...

Page 153: ...se this to perform reverse direction measurement only 3 4 Line Match Executes line match calibration for test ports 3 and 4 Use this to perform forward direction measurement and reverse direction measurement at the same time 3 4 Fwd S43 Executes line match calibration for test ports 3 and 4 Use this to perform forward direction measurement only 3 4 Rvs S34 Executes line match calibration for test ...

Page 154: ...gth of the thru when defining the standard When using a user created standard verify the definition value For the N connector note the discrimination between male and female o Realize high reliability and repeatability for measurement Reduce the difference in external environment such as temperature difference between conditions of measuring calibration data and conditions of measuring actual data...

Page 155: ...mended to perform two or more types of calibration because omitting all of them results in poor accuracy Simplified 3 4 port TRL calibration In the simplified 3 4 port TRL calibration because the calibration coefficients are calculated while omitting part of the thru line measurement data and line match measurement data the effect of errors when acquiring calibration data becomes larger than in th...

Page 156: ...ended is displayed on the softkey of the omittable thru line measurement For example when the omittable thru line measurement is 2 3 2 3 Recommended is displayed The display after the execution of the omittable thru line measurement is 2 3 Thru Line and the display for the remaining omittable thru line measurement is 2 3 Optional For the softkey of an omittable line match measurement Recommended i...

Page 157: ...ot available if no calibration has been done You cannot append calibration coefficients to previous calibrations For example you cannot realize full 4 port calibration by performing additional calibration for 1 port after the execution of full 3 port calibration The partial overwrite function is used to make measurements for previous calibration coefficients and overwrite them Procedure Follow the...

Page 158: ...s are re calculated and saved Improving accuracy of measurement using partial overwrite thru calibration along with ECal Inaccuracy caused by the ECal thru calibration standard can be reduced by performing thru measurement with the calibration kit and partial overwrite after the execution of full N port calibration with ECal For example follow these steps for full 2 port calibration Step 1 Execute...

Page 159: ... have a consistent behavior independent of the direction from which it is used 2 The electrical length of the thru should be known at an accuracy of 1 4 of wavelength NOTE Unknown Thru is NOT supported during a TRL calibration Procedure The s parameter of a thru can be determined when the following data is available 1 Open Short and Load measurement 2 Actual values derived from the calibration kit...

Page 160: ...dard Procedure to define the unknown thru Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Modify Calkit Step 3 Press Specify CLSs Step 4 Press Thru Step 5 Press Set All Step 6 Press Defined Name NOTE Different unknown thru can be used for different ports Procedure to perform the unknown thru Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Calibrate Step 3 Press n Port Cal 1 Step 4 Press Transmission Step 5 Press Defined Name to execute mech...

Page 161: ...f port 2 and an N 3 5 mm adapter for transmission measurement between ports 1 and 2 Because you cannot use a different calibration kit for each port in normal calibration of the E5070B E5071B you need to use the following VBA macro to perform calibration between ports of different connector types Storage folder VBA macro name project name D Agilent AdapterCharacterization vba NOTE Never delete thi...

Page 162: ...ro To back up a calibration kit use the VBA macro SavRecCalKit vba You can download this VBA macro from our product information Web site established for the Agilent Technologies E5070B E5071B 1 Setting Stimulus Condition Set the stimulus condition of the channel for which you will perform the calibration For information on the setting procedure see Chapter 3 Setting Measurement Conditions 2 Starti...

Page 163: ... Figure 4 37 Step 3 Select the Thru tab 3 in Figure 4 37 The Specify Cal Kit dialog box Thru tab shown in Figure 4 38 appears Figure 4 38 Specify Cal Kit dialog box Thru tab Step 4 For each test port select a calibration kit 1 in Figure 4 38 In addition to the 10 calibration kits you can select for normal calibration you can also select Adapter File When you want to use the adapter as the standard...

Page 164: ...button 5 in Figure 4 37 or 6 in Figure 4 38 to save the setting to a file Press the Recall button 4 in Figure 4 37 or 5 in Figure 4 38 or the Recall Cal Kit button 3 in Figure 4 36 to recall the setting from the file NOTE If the calibration kit definition is changed after saving the file resulting in a contradiction between the information in the file and that in the calibration kit definition you...

Page 165: ...when performing this calibration you must use the same softkeys the menu displayed by Calibrate you used in the normal calibration In the adapter calibration mode the standard name is displayed in the softkey to perform each calibration data measurement based on the setting in 4 Setting Calibration Kit on page 157 Following the on screen information in Figure 4 39 and the softkey label connect the...

Page 166: ...in transmission measurement in advance The adapter characterization function lets you obtain the adapter s characteristics S parameters and save them to a 2 port Touchstone file Use the following VBA macro to execute the adapter characterization Storage folder VBA macro name project name D Agilent AdapterCharacterization vba NOTE Never delete this VBA macro since even system recovery cannot restor...

Page 167: ...ro uses test port 1 for this measurement The S parameters of the adapter can be calculated from the above 3 measurement results However you can calculate the S parameters more accurately by connecting the adapter to the test port in the reverse direction measuring 3 more results in the same way as above and using the above 3 results with the 3 new results a total of 6 measurement results This VBA ...

Page 168: ...libration surface of test port 1 and test port 2 For information on the procedure for performing this calibration see 1 Port Calibration reflection test on page 113 3 Starting VBA Macro Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Load Project Step 3 The Open dialog box appears Specify the file name D Agilent AdapterCharacterization vba and press the Open button Step 4 Press to start the macro Step 5 Select Characte...

Page 169: ... 6 in Figure 4 42 Step 4 Enter the Delay of the adapter 3 in Figure 4 42 within an error of 1 4 f s where f is the maximum measurement frequency Hz For example when the maximum value is 1 GHz enter a value within an error of 250 ps Step 5 Enter a comment about the adapter 4 in Figure 4 42 The comment entered here is displayed in the comment field in the Specify Cal Kit dialog box 4 in Figure 4 37 ...

Page 170: ...er to test port 2 of the E5070B E5071B in the reverse direction Step 4 According to the setting of Cal Kit 2 connect each standard to the adapter and then press the corresponding button 5 in Figure 4 41 When the data measurement is complete the button turns yellow 7 Saving to a File Calculate the S parameters and save them to a file Step 1 Press the Save button 6 in Figure 4 41 Step 2 The Save As ...

Page 171: ...cterization 2 Performing Calibration Perform 1 port calibration for the probe in the channel for which the stimulus condition has been set 3 Starting VBA Macro Start the VBA macro to display the Adapter Characterization screen Figure 4 41 4 Selecting Channel Select the channel for which calibration has been performed 2 in Figure 4 41 5 Setting Characterization Step 1 Press Setup 3 in Figure 4 41 t...

Page 172: ...l Kit 1 connect each standard to the connector side of the test fixture and then press the corresponding button 4 in Figure 4 41 When the data measurement is complete the button turns yellow 7 Saving to file Press the Save button 6 in Figure 4 41 to save the calculated S parameters to a 2 port Touchstone file 8 Closing VBA Macro Press Close 7 in Figure 4 41 to close the macro ...

Page 173: ...ertion About Adapter Removal Adapter removal is a technique used to remove any adapter characteristics form the calibration plane Usually 2 port network analyzers removes adapter characteristics by performing two sets of full 2 port calibration as shown below Figure 4 43 Adapter removal ...

Page 174: ...combinations Hence E5070B E5071B uses the following adapter removal process to remove adapter characteristics 1 Perform calibration with the adapter in use 2 Remove the adapter from the port and measure Open Short and Load values to determine the adapter s characteristics 3 Remove the obtained adapter characteristics form the error coefficients in a embedding fashion Figure 4 44 Adapter removal fo...

Page 175: ... and measure Open Short and Load values to determine the adapter s characteristics 3 Insert the obtained adapter characteristics to the error coefficients in an De embedding fashion In order to determine the adapter characteristics with four unkown parameters by making three measurements Open Short and Load the adapter must satisfy the following requirements Adapter must be reciprocal with S21 and...

Page 176: ...an approximate length of the adapter should be provided otherwise an error generated in the measurement Step 1 Perform a full n port calibration Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Calibrate Step 4 Press Adapter Removal Step 5 Select the port in from which you want to insert remove adapter characteristics from Select Port Step 6 Press Cal Kit and then select calibration kit Step 7 Select the adapter length ...

Page 177: ...built in memory Storage folder VBA macro name project name D Agilent EcalCharacterization vba NOTE This function is available with firmware version 3 50 or higher NOTE Never delete this VBA macro since even system recovery cannot restore it Precautions to take in using VBA macros o Never connect disconnect the USB cable Never connect disconnect the USB cable between the ECal module and the E5070B ...

Page 178: ... kHz or less 3 Executing Calibration For the channel for which you have set the stimulus condition execute full 4 port calibration with a 4 port ECal module or full 2 port calibration between the test ports used with a 2 port ECal module Define the calibration surface as the connector surface connected to each port of the ECal module in the state used to measure characteristics For information on ...

Page 179: ...tic Measurement screen Step 2 After connecting the adapter to the ECal module as necessary connect each port of the ECal module and the test port of the E5070B E5071B Figure 4 48 Connecting ECal module for 4 ports NOTE You can select any port of the ECal module and any test port of the E5070B E5071B for connection the E5070B E5071B automatically recognizes the connected ports before measurement St...

Page 180: ...odule s test ports Male and female in the list of connected types indicate male and female adapter respectively Select No adapter if no adapter is used on a port Adapter Description 4 in Figure 4 49 Enter the detailed information on the adapters connected to each port as necessary The information you have entered is displayed when checking the user characteristics information by using the key stro...

Page 181: ...s storing data to the ECal s built in flash memory Doing so may damage the ECal module Figure 4 50 Execution Confirmation screen The dialog box shown in Figure 4 51 appears while the VBA macro is storing data to memory Storing the user characteristics takes a few minutes depending on the amount of data Figure 4 51 Screen while macro is storing data Step 5 Another dialog box is displayed to notify ...

Page 182: ...on stored in the file does not match that of the ECal module connected to the E5070B E5071B a confirmation dialog box appears Press OK to continue the recovery only if a mismatch between these serial numbers is allowed 3 The dialog box shown in Figure 4 50 is displayed to confirm execution Press OK 1 in Figure 4 50 to start the recovery of the flash memory The dialog box shown in Figure 4 51 appea...

Page 183: ...Select a user characteristic according to the list below Softkey Function Factory Factory default characteristic for normal ECal User1 User characteristic stored at location number 1 in ECal s flash memory User2 User characteristic stored at location number 2 in ECal s flash memory User3 User characteristic stored at location number 3 in ECal s flash memory User4 User characteristic stored at loca...

Page 184: ...e when the user characteristics were measured 2 The information you entered in Characterization 1 in Figure 4 49 3 The stimulus conditions when the user characteristics were measured 4 The information you entered in Adapter Description 3 in Figure 4 49 5 The information you entered in Connectors 2 in Figure 4 49 ...

Page 185: ...laying the data and memory traces or displaying the math operation results between the data and memory traces This enables you to verify the correctness of measurement for each measurement parameter when the obtained calibration coefficients are used Operational procedure Follow these steps to verify the reliability of the calibration coefficients Step 1 Connect the USB cable between the USB port ...

Page 186: ...ization for the adapter you are using Step 9 Press Confidence Check Step 10 Compare the data trace and the memory trace and verify whether measurement is correct The following is the procedure for comparison when simultaneously displaying the data trace and the memory trace a Press b Press Display c Press Data Mem d Press e Press Auto Scale f Determine whether the difference between the traces is ...

Page 187: ...el A user defined calibration kit may be used in the following circumstances When the user wants to use connectors other than those pre defined in the calibration kits for the E5070B E5071B e g a SMA connector When the user wants to use different standards in place of one or more standards pre defined in the E5070B E5071B For example when three offset SHORT standards are used instead of OPEN SHORT...

Page 188: ... used to classify a standard model based on its form and construction Five standard types are available SHORT OPEN LOAD delay THRU and arbitrary impedance Standard coefficient The numeric characteristics of the standard used in the selected model For example the offset delay 32 ps of the SHORT standard in the 3 5 mm calibration kit is a standard coefficient Standard class A group of standards used...

Page 189: ...en the standard to be defined and the actual measurement plane Normally this is set to the system s characteristic impedance Delay The delay that occurs depending on the length of the transmission line between the standard to be defined and the actual measurement plane In an OPEN SHORT or LOAD standard the delay is defined as one way propagation time sec from the measurement plane to the standard ...

Page 190: ...tance model is shown below C C0 C1 F C2 F 2 C3 F 3 F measurement frequency C0 unit Farads constant in the polynomial C1 unit Farads Hz C2 unit Farads Hz2 C3 unit Farads Hz3 L0 L1 L2 L3 It is extremely rare for a SHORT standard to have perfect reflection characteristics at high frequencies This is because the residual inductance of the standard causes a phase shift that varies along with the freque...

Page 191: ...rd class for the standard 3 Save the data for the calibration kit that has been redefined Redefining a calibration kit Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Cal Kit Step 3 Select the calibration kit to be redefined according to the list below Softkey Function 85033E Selects the 85033E calibration kit 85033D Selects the 85033D calibration kit 85052D Selects the 85052D calibration kit 85032F Selects the 85032F ...

Page 192: ...tandard Delay Thru Selects the delay THRU standard Arbitrary Selects the arbitrary impedance None Selects no standard type Step 9 Set the standard coefficient according to the list below Softkey Function C0 Sets C0 C1 Sets C1 C2 Sets C2 C3 Sets C3 L0 Sets L0 L1 Sets L1 L2 Sets L2 L3 Sets L3 Offset Delay Sets the offset delay Offset Z0 Sets the offset Z0 1 Specify 1 Ω when Waveguide is set for the ...

Page 193: ... Open Selects the OPEN class Short Selects the SHORT class Load Selects the LOAD class Thru Selects the THRU class TRL Reflect Selects TRL Reflect TRL Line Match Selcts TRL Line Match Step 16 For TRL Thru select ports Softkey Function Port 1 2 Selects port 1 and port 2 Port 1 3 Selects port 1 and port 3 Port 1 4 Selects port 1 and port 4 Port 2 3 Selects port 2 and port 3 Port 2 4 Selects port 2 a...

Page 194: ... screen Example of defining the TRL calibration kit You need to enter the definition of the TRL calibration kit to perform TRL calibration Follow these steps to define the following calibration kit given as an example THRU Delay 0 ps Offset Loss 1 3 Gohm s REFLECT SHORT Delay 0 ps MATCH 0 to 2GHz LINE1 50 ohm transmission line Delay 54 0 ps 2G to 7GHz LINE2 50 ohm transmission line Delay 13 0 ps 7...

Page 195: ...Set Min Frequency to 2GHz Step 6 Set Max Frequency to 7GHz Step 7 Press Return to return to the Define Std menu Step 8 Press 5 No Name Label Step 9 Type in LINE 7G Step 10 Press STD Type Thru Step 11 Set Offset Delay to 13ps Step 12 Set Min Frequency to 7GHz Step 13 Press Return to return to the Define Std menu Step 14 Press Return to return to the Modify Cal Kit menu Procedure to register Thru Re...

Page 196: ... TRL Option Step 5 Press Impedance to select the reference impedance Softkey Function Line Calculates the calibration coefficient using the characteristic impedance of the line standard as the reference impendence The impedance of the line standard is used as the center of the Smith chart and the calibration coefficient is calculated using the line standard s as the direction System Calculates the...

Page 197: ...Press Define STDs and select a standard Step 5 Press Media and select a media type Softkey Function Coaxial Selects coaxial as the media type Waveguide Selects waveguide as the media type NOTE If you select waveguide as the media type set the system impedance and the characteristic impedance to 1Ω NOTE Depending on the media type you use the calculation method of the electrical delay which is requ...

Page 198: ... modify the contents folders and files of drives except for drive A floppy disk drive and drive D Modifying the contents of drives other than drive A and drive D may give serous damage to the functions and performance of the E5070B E5071B NOTE When the floppy disk access lamp is lit do not press the disk ejection button Ejecting a floppy disk forcefully when the lamp is lit may break the floppy di...

Page 199: ... L0 10 12 H 2 0765 0 0 0 L1 10 24 H Hz 108 54 0 0 0 L2 10 33 H Hz2 2 1705 0 0 0 L3 10 42 H Hz3 0 01 0 0 0 Offset Delay s 31 808 p 29 243 p 0 0 Offset Z0 Ω 50 50 50 50 Offset Loss Ω s 2 36 G 2 2 G 2 2 G 2 2 G Arb Impedance Ω 50 50 50 50 85033D 1 Short 2 Open 3 Broadband 4 Thru Label Short Open Broadband Thru STD Type Short Open Load Delay Thru C0 10 15 F 0 49 43 0 0 C1 10 27 F Hz 0 310 13 0 0 C2 10...

Page 200: ... 0 0 0 0 L2 10 33 H Hz2 2 1705 0 0 0 0 L3 10 42 H Hz3 0 01 0 0 0 0 Offset Delay s 31 785 p 29 243 p 0 0 0 Offset Z0 Ω 50 50 50 50 50 Offset Loss Ω s 2 36 G 2 2 G 0 0 0 Arb Impedance Ω 50 50 50 50 50 8 2 4 1 85 9 Broadband 11 Thru 13 Adapter Label 2 4 1 85 Broadband Thru Adapter STD Type Open Load Delay Thru Delay Thru C0 10 15 F 8 9843 0 0 0 C1 10 27 F Hz 13 9923 0 0 0 C2 10 36 F Hz2 0 3242 0 0 0 ...

Page 201: ... 41 19 p 45 955 p 40 8688 p Offset Z0 Ω 49 99 50 49 99 50 Offset Loss Ω s 1 087 G 930 M 1 087 G 930 M Arb Impedance Ω 50 50 50 50 9 Broadband 11 Thru 13 f f Adapter 14 m m Adapter Label Broadband Thru f f Adapter m m Adapter STD Type Load Delay Thru Delay Thru Delay Thru C0 10 15 F 0 0 0 0 C1 10 27 F Hz 0 0 0 0 C2 10 36 F Hz2 0 0 0 0 C3 10 45 F Hz3 0 0 0 0 L0 10 12 H 0 0 0 0 L1 10 24 H Hz 0 0 0 0 ...

Page 202: ... 0 0 0 0 Offset Delay s 93 f 0 0 0 Offset Z0 Ω 49 992 50 50 50 Offset Loss Ω s 700 M 700 M 700 M 700 M Arb Impedance Ω 50 50 50 50 7 Short f 8 Open f Label Short f Open f STD Type Short Open C0 10 15 F 0 62 14 C1 10 27 F Hz 0 143 07 C2 10 36 F Hz2 0 82 92 C3 10 45 F Hz3 0 0 76 L0 10 12 H 0 0 L1 10 24 H Hz 0 0 L2 10 33 H Hz2 0 0 L3 10 42 H Hz3 0 0 Offset Delay s 17 817 p 17 411 p Offset Z0 Ω 50 209...

Page 203: ... 10 42 H Hz3 0 0 0 0 Offset Delay s 0 0 0 0 Offset Z0 Ω 75 75 75 75 Offset Loss Ω s 1 13 G 1 13 G 1 13 G 1 13 G Arb Impedance Ω 50 50 75 50 7 Short f 8 Open f Label Short f Open f STD Type Short Open C0 10 15 F 0 41 C1 10 27 F Hz 0 40 C2 10 36 F Hz2 0 5 C3 10 45 F Hz3 0 0 L0 10 12 H 0 0 L1 10 24 H Hz 0 0 L2 10 33 H Hz2 0 0 L3 10 42 H Hz3 0 0 Offset Delay s 17 544 p 17 544 p Offset Z0 Ω 75 75 Offse...

Page 204: ...hru STD Type Short Open Load Delay Thru C0 10 15 F 0 92 85 0 0 C1 10 27 F Hz 0 0 0 0 C2 10 36 F Hz2 0 7 2 0 0 C3 10 45 F Hz3 0 4 3 0 0 L0 10 12 H 0 0 0 0 L1 10 24 H Hz 0 0 0 0 L2 10 33 H Hz2 0 0 0 0 L3 10 42 H Hz3 0 0 0 0 Offset Delay s 0 0 0 0 Offset Z0 Ω 50 50 50 50 Offset Loss Ω s 0 7 G 0 7 G 0 7 G 0 7 G Arb Impedance Ω 50 50 50 50 ...

Page 205: ... 0 0 L2 10 33 H Hz2 1 754 0 0 0 L3 10 42 H Hz3 33 60 m 0 0 0 Offset Delay s 0 0 0 0 Offset Z0 Ω 50 50 50 50 Offset Loss Ω s 0 0 0 0 Arb Impedance Ω 50 50 75 50 5 2 18 Line 6 Lowband Label Thru Lowband STD Type Delay Thru Load C0 10 15 F 0 0 C1 10 27 F Hz 0 0 C2 10 36 F Hz2 0 0 C3 10 45 F Hz3 0 0 L0 10 12 H 0 0 L1 10 24 H Hz 0 0 L2 10 33 H Hz2 0 0 L3 10 42 H Hz3 0 0 Offset Delay s 23 190 p 0 Offset...

Page 206: ...0 0 0 0 Arb Impedance Ω 50 50 50 50 50 50 Min Frequency GHz 0 0 0 0 0 0 Max Frequency GHz 999 999 999 999 999 999 Coax or Waveguide Coax Coax Coax Coax Coax Coax 9 Broadband 11 Thru 13 Adapter 15 7 32 line 16 2 7 line 17 0 2 loads Label Broadband Thru Adapter 7 32 line 2 7 line 0 2 line STD Type Load Delay Thru Delay Thru Delay Thru Delay Thru Delay Thru C0 10 15 F 0 0 0 0 0 0 C1 10 27 F Hz 0 0 0 ...

Page 207: ...nd Thru STD Type Short Open Load Delay Thru C0 10 15 F 0 32 0 0 0 C1 10 27 F Hz 0 100 0 0 C2 10 36 F Hz2 0 50 0 0 0 C3 10 45 F Hz3 0 100 0 0 L0 10 12 H 0 0 0 0 L1 10 24 H Hz 0 0 0 0 L2 10 33 H Hz2 0 0 0 0 L3 10 42 H Hz3 0 0 0 0 Offset Delay s 66 734 p 66 734 p 0 0 Offset Z0 Ω 50 50 50 50 Offset Loss Ω s 0 63 G 0 63 G 0 0 Arb Impedance Ω 50 50 50 50 ...

Page 208: ...e Step 4 Press Modify Kit Step 5 Press Define STDs Step 6 Select 1 press Label and enter Open 3G using the character input pad that appears on the screen Step 7 Select Open as the standard type STD Type Step 8 Set a necessary standard coefficient Step 9 Enter 1G as the minimum frequency for Min Frequency Step 10 Enter 3G as the maximum frequency for Max Frequency Step 11 Press Return Step 12 In th...

Page 209: ...Step 2 Press Cal Kit Step 3 Select a calibration kit you want to use In this example use the calibration kit defined in Step 3 of Defining different standard for each frequency band on page 202 Step 4 Press Modify Kit Step 5 Press Specify CLSs Step 6 Press Sub Class and select Sub Class 1 Step 7 Select the standard type Open press Set All make settings for all ports Step 8 Select 1 Open 3G Step 9 ...

Page 210: ...procedure shows how to disable an OPEN standard of subclass 2 Procedure Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Cal Kit Step 3 Select a calibration kit you want to use In this example use the calibration kit defined in Step 3 of Defining different standard for each frequency band on page 202 Step 4 Press Modify Kit Step 5 Press Specify CLSs Step 6 Press Sub Class and select Sub Class 2 Step 7 Select the standar...

Page 211: ...bclasses overlap Possible Example 4 2 When frequency ranges specified with subclasses do not cover a part of a measurement frequency range Impossible Example 4 3 When a frequency range specified with a subclass lies outside the measurement frequency range Possible Example 4 4 When a part of a frequency range specified with a subclass lies outside the measurement frequency range Possible Example 4 ...

Page 212: ...en a part of a frequency range is not covered Example 4 3 When a frequency range specified with a subclass lies outside the measurement frequency range For a measurement frequency range 1 GHz 5 GHz if you define a standard of subclass 1 1 GHz 5 GHz and a standard of subclass 2 5 GHz 8 GHz calibration possible for subclass 2 although it is out of the measurement frequency range The calibration coef...

Page 213: ...surement frequency range For a measurement frequency range 1 GHz 6 GHz if you define a standard of subclass 1 1 GHz 5 GHz and a standard of subclass 2 5 GHz 8 GHz a part of subclass 2 6 GHz 8 GHz lies outside the measurement frequency range but the other part 5 GHz 6 GHz lies within it so calibration is possible Figure 4 60 When a part of a frequency range lies outside the range ...

Page 214: ...rection is performed for some stimulus ports PC displayed in blue Error correction is performed for all stimulus ports interpolated calibration data 1 If you turn on the error correction fuction when the stimulus setting is different from that when the power calibration data were acquired power level error correction is per formed with interpolated calibration data only when calibration data can b...

Page 215: ...on data Table 4 9 shows available power meters and recommended power sensors for power calibration Table 4 9 Available power meters and recommended power sensors Model name Power meters Agilent 437B Agilent 438A Agilent E4416A Agilent E4417A Agilent E4418A Agilent E4418B Agilent E4419A Agilent E4419B Agilent N1911A Agilent N1912A HP EPM 441A HP EPM 442A Power sensors Agilent 8482A Agilent E4412A H...

Page 216: ...erface as shown in Figure 4 61 and set the GPIB address of the connected power meter with the E5070B E5071B NOTE The USB GPIB interface must be ready to use For more information see Setting the GPIB on page 426 Setting GPIB address of the power meter Use the following procedure to set the GPIB address of the power meter Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Misc Setup Step 3 Press GPIB Setup Step 4 Press Powe...

Page 217: ...tor table with the E5070B E5071B calibration is executed by both the power meter and the E5070B E5071B due to this firmware version and thus you cannot obtain correct measurement results Therefore never set the calibration factor table under this condition with the E5070B E5071B Use the following procedure to set the power sensor s calibration factor table Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Power Calibrati...

Page 218: ... the table Enters a value in the cell Softkey Function Delete Deletes the line in which the selected cell is included Add Adds a new line above the line in which the selected cell is included Clear Cal Factor Table OK Resets the table NOTE When setting the table by using the front panel keys or the keyboard you need to first set the focus on select the operation target table or softkey You can cha...

Page 219: ...le extension csv is selected as the file type Step 5 Enter a file name in the File Name box and press the Save button to save the power sensor calibration factor table Recalling power sensor calibration factor table By recalling a power sensor calibration factor table saved in the CSV format according to Saving power sensor calibration factor table on page 213 you can set the power sensor calibrat...

Page 220: ...the power sensor calibration factor table NOTE This operation is not guaranteed under the following two conditions 1 you imported a CSV format file created edited on a spreadsheet program or 2 you imported a CSV format file that had been exported according to Saving power sensor calibration factor table on page 213 but then modified ...

Page 221: ...power level to the DUT you can use the loss compensation feature to obtain calibration data for correcting the difference in power loss due to the difference in connection method cable adapter etc between the time when the power calibration data are measured and when the actual DUT is measured The loss compensation feature corrects the power measurement result based on the preset power loss data M...

Page 222: ...tion If you select a cell and then press this key you enter the mode that allows you to edit the cell character by character If you change a value and then press this key the value is entered in the cell Moves up or down in the cell selected in the table In the character by character edit mode you can select an item or perform a stepped change of data Moves right or left in the cell selected in th...

Page 223: ... to the Saving loss compensation table on page 217 you can set this loss compensation table NOTE It is possible to recall a file from a different channel port from where it was saved Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Power Calibration Step 3 Select a port see Selecting target port of error correction on page 215 Step 4 Press Loss Compen Step 5 Press Import from CSV File to open the Open dialog box For inf...

Page 224: ...p 4 Enter the tolerance value for power calibration Measuring calibration data NOTE Before measuring calibration data you need to execute the zero adjustment and calibration of the power sensor For information on how to execute these operations see the manual of the power meter you are using When using the power sensor calibration factor table of the E5070B E5071B set the calibration factor to 100...

Page 225: ...l an error occurs and calibration data are not measured You can abort the measurement by pressing Abort during measurement When the measurement is complete the power level error correction is automatically turned on NOTE If appropriate calibration data cannot be obtained an error may occur for each sweep after the measurement of calibration data is complete In this event turn off the power level e...

Page 226: ...orrection RC displayed in blue Error correction is performed for all of the receiver ports RC displayed in grey Error correction is performed for some of the receiver ports RC displayed in blue Error correction is performed for all of the receiver ports Interpolated calibration data is used RC displayed in grey Error correction is performed for some of the receiver ports Interpolated calibration d...

Page 227: ... to the port you want to calibrate Measuring the calibration data NOTE The power calibration information on both the receiver port and source port is used to calculate calibration coefficients The accuracy of receiver calibration will increase if power calibration is implemented for both the receiver port and the source port before starting receiver calibration For information on power calibration...

Page 228: ...ure 4 64 Example of connection between output port and receiver port Step 7 Press Take Cal Sweep to start measurement of calibration data This step allows the gain of the receiver to be calibrated turning on the error correction function automatically ...

Page 229: ...fixed IF or fixed RF measurement Overview of vector mixer calibration Figure 4 65 shows an outline of vector mixer calibration Vector mixer calibration is implemented by eliminating the characteristics of the calibration mixer and IF filter by using the network de embedding function after full 2 port calibration has been completed As shown in Figure 4 65 using the up down conversion method allows ...

Page 230: ...r alone by using the network de embedding function to eliminate the characteristics of the calibration mixer from the measurement result You can use the IF filter to select any required frequency conversion component such as RF LO RF LO and LO RF The calibration mixer and IF filter can be seen as a part of the test system setup just like the network analyzer and the test cable they are connected a...

Page 231: ... calibration mixer must be reciprocal The term reciprocal means the magnitude and phase of the conversion loss are equal both in the forward and reverse directions The forward conversion loss occurs during the measurement of the output signal at the IF port while inputting measurement signals into the RF port In contrast the reverse conversion loss occurs during measurement of the output signal at...

Page 232: ...lter although 1 port calibration is also available This is because using full 2 port calibration simplifies the evaluation procedures which are described in Overview of vector mixer calibration on page 223 For detailed information on full 2 port calibration see Full 2 Port Calibration on page 118 Load the VBA project and then run it Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Load Project Step 3 Specify D Agilent M...

Page 233: ...NOTE The mechanical calibration kit displayed in the Vector Mixer Characterization macro is the frequency registered in the E5070B E5071B and read from it If an ECal module is connected to the E5070B E5071B ECal will be selected automatically 6 Measuring Calibration Mixer with IF Filter when using calibration kit Connect the calibration mixer to one of the test ports on which 1 port calibration ha...

Page 234: ...ation kit from CalKit menu 3 in Figure 4 67 Step 3 Press the Open button 5 in Figure 4 67 to start measurement in OPEN Step 4 Press the Short button 6 in Figure 4 67 to start measurement in SHORT Step 5 Press the Load button 7 in Figure 4 67 to start measurement in LOAD 7 Measuring Calibration Mixer with IF Filter when using ECal module Figure 4 69 Characterizing calibration mixer using ECal Step ...

Page 235: ...ck the Setup Option 9 in Figure 4 67 the saved characteristic data will be set for the specified port of the active channel as the characteristic data file of the network de embedding and the fixture simulator function will be enabled If unchecked only the characteristic data will be saved Step 3 Press the Close button 10 in Figure 4 67 to exit the macro ...

Page 236: ...mixer with IF filter to the port of the network analyzer on which calibration has been performed and then connect the OPEN SHORT and LOAD standards to the end of the IF filter to start reflection measurement and characterization For a balanced mixers the phase difference of the LO signals between the calibration mixers with IF filter will remain as an error since each calibration mixer with IF fil...

Page 237: ...s the Open button Step 4 Press to run the macro see Figure 4 72 Step 5 Select Port 1 1 in Figure 4 72 to characterize the calibration mixer 1 with IF filter In this case the data are saved to a temporary file MIXER_1 s2p NOTE For detailed information on characterizing the calibration mixer see Characterizing procedure for calibration mixer with IF filter on page 225 Step 6 Select Port 2 1 in Figur...

Page 238: ... difference of the LO signals for the calibration mixers with IF filters Step 10 Pressing the Execute 3 in Figure 4 73 button executes a phase error correction and overwrites the results on the original data file NOTE You cannot run the Execute function when selecting the measurement port if the data file of the calibration mixer with IF filter s2p has not been set for the network removal function...

Page 239: ...us port and the response port By conceptualizing the error model in these two halves each error term can be isolated to either of the model s halves depending on the frequency at which it was generated The majority of the signals will only affect measurements by causing errors at the same frequency Two error signals that are functions of both halves of the frequency offset model are isolation EXF ...

Page 240: ...Execute status of error correction Cor displayed in blue Error Correction On enabled for all traces Cor displayed in gray Error Correction On enabled for some traces Off displayed in gray Error Correction Off displayed in gray Error correction On no calibration data C displayed in blue Error correction On interpolation is being executed or the IF bandwidth sweep delay time power level or sweep typ...

Page 241: ...y offset is not valid you cannot start scalar mixer calibration Step 1 Press or to select the channel you want to calibrate Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Mixer Converter Calibration Step 4 Press Scalar Cal Manual Step 5 Press Select Ports Step 6 Select the test port from the list below for starting scalar mixer calibration In the following steps x and y signify the selected test ports Softkey Function...

Page 242: ...tion of standards in scalar mixer calibration Step 8 Press Reflection 1 4 rev Selects reverse direction for test port 1 and 4 1 4 both Selects both directions for test port 1 and 4 3 2 fwd Selects forward direction for test port 2 and 3 2 3 rev Selects reverse direction for test port 2 and 3 2 3 both Selects both directions for test port 2 and 3 4 2 fwd Selects forward direction for test port 2 an...

Page 243: ...s Port x Freq x Load to start measurement of the calibration standard Step 17 Press Port x Freq y Load to start measurement of the calibration standard Step 18 Follow steps Step 9 to Step 17 for port y Step 19 Press Return Step 20 Press Transmission Step 21 Connect a THRU between the test ports x and y between the connectors for the DUT you selected in Step 6 Step 22 Press Port y x Freq y Thru to ...

Page 244: ...To start calibration refer to Operational Procedure when using mechanical calibration kit on page 235 the steps up to Step 7 in that procedure are common to this procedure Step 1 Select a test port and then press Power Meter NOTE In scalar mixer calibration the power meter is used For more information on how to set the power meter see Preparing to control the power meter on page 210 Step 2 Press U...

Page 245: ... Step 9 Connect the test port you selected in Step 1 to the ECal module as shown in Figure 4 79 and then press ECal Done NOTE If the ECal module is not connected to the E5070B E5071B the ECal Done menu item will not be not available In addition if the ECal module is not connected to the test port of the calibration target an error may occur For information on connecting the ECal module see ECal el...

Page 246: ...ter4 Calibration Scalar Mixer Calibration Figure 4 79 Connection of ECal Module Step 10 The above steps allow the calibration coefficient to be calculated turning on the error correction function automatically ...

Page 247: ...241 5 Making Measurement 5 Making Measurements This chapter explains how to carry out measurements with the Agilent E5070B E5071B by using the trigger function ...

Page 248: ... can be measured even if they are not displayed For each channel a sweep is performed only for the stimulus ports needed to update the parameters of the displayed trace Sweep Order in Each Channel In a channel each test port is set to a stimulus port in the order of port number and updates each trace Table 5 1 Table 5 1 Sweep Order in Each Channel Sweep Order Stimulus Port Updated Trace Port 1 S11...

Page 249: ...r mode for each channel independently This allows you to control the operation of each channel after a trigger signal is detected by setting the channel s status with the trigger mode Table 5 3 Trigger mode Trigger mode name Function Sweep stop Hold The status Idle status in which the sweep is stopped When a trigger signal is detected the sweep is not performed Single sweep Single An Initiate stat...

Page 250: ...s active channel trigger mode to hold sweep mode Single Sets active channel trigger mode to single sweep mode Continuous Sets active channel trigger mode to continuous sweep mode Hold All Channels Sets all channel trigger modes to hold sweep mode Continuous Disp Channels Sets trigger modes of all displayed channels Display to continuous sweep mode Step 4 Repeat Step 1 to Step 3 until each channel ...

Page 251: ...hen trigger is applied Off On Sweep Measurement is performed for all measurement points when trigger is applied NOTE When the trigger source is selected as the internal trigger the point trigger does not work Procedure to Set the Point Trigger 1 Selecting a Trigger Event Follow the procedure below to select a trigger event Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Trigger Event Step 3 Press the softkey that corre...

Page 252: ... time and point trigger interval on page 247 The low latency external trigger mode becomes available by turning on the point trigger function and setting the trigger source to External Table 5 5 Low latency external trigger mode Low latency external trigger mode Function On Sets the low latency external trigger mode to ON The external trigger delay time becomes valid Off Sets the low latency exter...

Page 253: ...one point measurement depends on the IFBW and other settings of the analyzer For example in the case of a frequency s zero span measurement the time until the next measurement is ready after the start of a one point measurement is obtained by dividing the time required for a single sweep in On Sweep mode instead of On Point mode by the number of measurement points If you use the point trigger func...

Page 254: ... goes to the High level only before staring measurement of the first sweep point and returns to the Low level after completing measurement of all measurement points Point Trigger Period Time until the E5070B E5071B is ready to accept a trigger for the next measurement point The value depends on the measurement conditions and the settings of the E5070B E5071B td1 Time set as the external trigger de...

Page 255: ... of measurement points averaging factor When the sweep averaging function is off sweep is performed only once even if the averaging trigger function is set to on The averaging trigger function is valid for all channels Note that you can set the sweep averaging function for each channel Using the averaging trigger function 1 Setting the averaging trigger function When the sweep averaging function i...

Page 256: ...ocedure to set the range Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Trigger Scope Softkey Function All Channel A trigger is executed for all channels Active Channel A trigger is executed only for the active channel NOTE When you set the effective range of a trigger to Active Channel when the trigger mode is continuous sweep mode INIT CONT ON the channel to be triggered is changed only by swtching channels ...

Page 257: ...251 6 Data Analysis 6 Data Analysis This chapter explains how to use the analytical functions of the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 258: ...e of the marker to change the stimulus sweep range and scale value of the reference line For the procedure used to change the sweep range and scale by using the marker refer to Setting the Sweep Range Using the Marker on page 71 and Setting the value of a reference line using the marker on page 87 The E5070B E5071B is capable of displaying up to 10 markers on each trace Each marker has a stimulus ...

Page 259: ...r response value Main Auxiliary Smith Lin Phase Linear amplitude Phase Smith Log Phase Log amplitude Phase Smith Real Imag Real component Imaginary component Smith R jX Resistance Reactance 1 Inductance or capacitance is also displayed 1 Smith G jX Conductance Susceptance 1 Polar Lin Phase Linear amplitude Phase Polar Log Phase Log amplitude Phase Polar Real Imag Real component Imaginary component...

Page 260: ...es you to move the marker to a point on the desired trace The value in the entry area can be changed by one of the following methods NOTE To change the value in the entry area the figure in the box should be highlighted If the figure is not highlighted press the softkey for the marker you are using marker 1 to marker 9 Ref Marker or to highlight the figure Enter a numeric value using the ENTRY blo...

Page 261: ...ns off all of the markers on the active trace Marker 1 to Marker 9 Turns off one of markers 1 through 9 on active trace Ref Marker Turns off reference markers on active trace NOTE In the preset configuration the marker settings on traces in a channel are coupled Marker Couple is turned on For marker coupling refer to Setting up markers for each trace Setting up markers for coupled operations betwe...

Page 262: ...reference marker on the point to be used as the reference Step 2 Press Ref Marker Mode to turn on the reference mode With the reference mode turned on the stimulus values and response values are indicated in relative values referred to by the position of the reference marker Step 3 Following Step 4 to Step 5 in Reading values on the trace on page 253 place markers 1 through 9 on the desired points...

Page 263: ...cal value the marker is placed at the measurement point closest to the specified value A marker that is placed between interpolated points with the discrete mode off automatically moves to the nearest measurement point when the discrete mode is turned on Turning off discrete mode Discrete OFF The marker can move from one actual measurement point to another Because it is interpolated it can also mo...

Page 264: ...nel or independently for each trace Figure 6 3 Marker coupling Marker Couple is on Coupling ON Markers are set up and moved in coupled operation on all traces in a channel Marker Couple is off Coupling OFF Markers are set up and moved independently for each trace Turning Marker Coupling On or Off Step 1 Press or to activate the channel on which the marker couple will be set Step 2 Press Step 3 Pre...

Page 265: ...in all channels displayed You can list all of the marker values in all of the displayed channels on the screen Turning On the Marker Table Display Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Marker Table to turn on the marker table display The marker table appears in the lower part of the screen Figure 6 4 Figure 6 4 Marker table ON ...

Page 266: ...ifies the horizontal display position by the width of the display area as a percentage Marker Info Y Pos Specifies the vertical display position by the height of the display area as a percentage Operational procedure Step 1 Press or to activate the channel for which you want to set marker coupling Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Annotation Options Step 4 Ptress Marker Info X Pos to set the horizontal di...

Page 267: ...escribes how to align maker value displays Figure 6 6 Marker coupling On Align ON Displays marker values to align to the display position of trace 1 Off Align OFF Displays marker values in the display position defined for each trace Operational procedure Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Annotation Options Step 3 Press Align to toggle on off ...

Page 268: ...how to display all marker values for displayed traces Figure 6 7 Marker coupling Display all Active Only OFF Displays all marker values for displayed traces Displays active markers Active Only ON Displays markers for the active trace only Operational procedure Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Annotation Options Step 3 Press Active Only to toggle on off ...

Page 269: ...on R Peak Maximum peak for a positive peak minimum peak for a negative peak Peak on left hand side nearest to marker position Peak on right hand side nearest to marker position Setting search range The Marker Search feature allows you to set part of the sweep range as the search target Partial Search feature as well as the entire search range For the Partial Search feature you can select whether t...

Page 270: ... on the front panel Step 8 Press Stop Step 9 Enter the stop value upper limit of the search range using the ENTRY block keys on the front panel Automatically executing a search each time a sweep is done search tracking Search tracking is a function that sets a search to be repeated every time a sweep is done even if the execution key for the search maximum minimum peak and target is not pressed Th...

Page 271: ...t Search for minimum Min Move active marker to point on trace where measured value is lowest Searching for Maximum and Minimum Values Step 1 Following Step 1 to Step 4 in Reading values on the trace on page 253 activate the marker you are using to search for the maximum and minimum values Step 2 Press Step 3 Press the corresponding softkey to move the marker to the maximum or minimum measured valu...

Page 272: ...n the left side Figure 6 9 Target and transition types About the target search function The target search is a function that searches for a target that matches the pre defined target value and transition type s positive negative or both positive and negative and then moves the marker to that target The following three methods are available for executing the target search Target search Search Peak ...

Page 273: ...rget value and the currently set transition type Step 5 Press Target Transition Step 6 Select a transition type Softkey Function Positive Selects Positive as transition type Negative Selects Negative as transition type Both Selects Both Positive and Negative as transition type This sets the target search to be executed based on the definitions of the currently set target value and the newly set tr...

Page 274: ...e peak search function The peak search is a function that searches for a peak that matches a pre defined lower limit for the peak excursion value and peak polarity positive or negative and then moves the marker to the peak being searched The peak excursion value is the smaller of the differences in measured values from the adjoining peaks of the opposite polarity Figure 6 11 Positive peak Negative...

Page 275: ...ue and the currently set peak polarity Step 5 Press Peak Polarity Step 6 Select a peak polarity Softkey Function Positive Selects Positive as peak polarity Negative Selects Negative as peak polarity Both Selects Both Positive and Negative as peak polarity This sets the peak search to be executed based on the definitions of the currently set lower limit for the peak excursion value and the newly se...

Page 276: ...s loss The measured value of the position of the active marker at the time the bandwidth search is executed Lower frequency cut off point low Lowest frequency of two measurement points both separated by the defined bandwidth value from the active marker position Higher frequency cut off point high Highest frequency of two measurement points both separated by the defined bandwidth value from the ac...

Page 277: ...he insertion loss in the bandwidth search loss Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Bandwidth Value and enter the defined bandwidth value in the entry area that appears Step 4 Press Bandwidth to turn on the bandwidth search In the upper left of the trace display six bandwidth parameters are displayed Figure 6 14 Figure 6 14 Bandwidth search results defined bandwidth 3 dB ...

Page 278: ... statistics data Table 6 3 Definitions of Statistics Data Statistics data element Definition Mean mean xi i 1 n n n number of points xi measured value at the i th measurement point Standard deviation s dev xi mean 2 i 1 n n 1 n number of points xi measured value at the i th measurement point mean Mean Peak to peak p p Max Min Max greatest measured value Min smallest measured value Displaying Stati...

Page 279: ...or that has been measured and stored e g directivity from data subsequently measured on a device Data Memory Adds the measured data and the data in the memory trace Performing Data Math Operations Step 1 Press or and or to activate the trace to be stored in memory Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Data Mem to store the measured data in memory Step 4 Press Data Math Step 5 Select the data math operation to...

Page 280: ...s Performing Data Math Step 8 Send the trigger to make measurements Data Mem Displays data trace and memory trace on the screen You can now easily compare the data trace and memory trace on the screen Off Trace is not displayed Softkey Function ...

Page 281: ...ce Yt in transmission measurement Zt 2 Z0a Z0b Sab Z0a Z0b Yt 1 Zt R Inverse S parameter 1 Sab where Z0a Characteristic impedance of port a 1 Z0b Characteristic impedance of port b 1 Operational Procedure ON OFF Step 1 Press or to activate a channel on which you want to use the marker Step 2 Press or to activate a trace on which you want to use the marker Step 3 Press Step 4 Press Conversion Step ...

Page 282: ...ich you want to use the marker Step 2 Press or to activate the trace on which you want to use the marker Step 3 Press Step 4 Press Conversion Step 5 Press Function Step 6 Press the softkey corresponding to the parameter to which you want to convert the result When the conversion function is ON the selected parameter is displayed in 5 5 Trace Status Area on page 48 ...

Page 283: ...r area of the screen For details refer to Entering the equation label on page 279 The following describes how to use the equation editor Procedure to start the equation editor Step 1 Press or to activate the channel for which you want to use the equation editor Step 2 Press or to activate the trace for which you want to use the equation editor Step 3 Press Step 4 Press Equation Editor Procedure to...

Page 284: ... reference data constants numeric keys and calcuation keys Characters are not case sensitive NOTE If you enter a parameter in the equation which is not measured for example you input S22 although only S11 has been measured the correct calibration result cannot be displayed In this case Equ is displayed in the trace status area on the screen NOTE Mutual conversion is automatically made for function...

Page 285: ...n ON Enables the equation editor OFF Disables the equation editor Entering the equation label You can enter an equation label using the equation editor After inputting the measurement parameter of the active trace is displayed on the screen as the equation label Figure 6 17 By entering the equation label and prior to the equation it is recognized as the equation label For the procedure to start th...

Page 286: ...280 Chapter6 Data Analysis Using the Equation Editor ...

Page 287: ...281 7 Fixture Simulator 7 Fixture Simulator This chapter explains how to use the fixture simulator functions of the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 288: ...ix functions are as follows Network de embedding Port reference impedance conversion Matching circuit embedding 4 port network embedding de embedding Balance unbalance conversion 1 Differential Common port reference impedance conversion 1 Differential matching circuit embedding 1 Figure 7 1 shows the data processing flow diagram of the fixture simulator Figure 7 1 Data processing flow diagram of f...

Page 289: ...e realistic evaluation of the DUT For the setup procedure of the network de embedding function see Extending the Calibration Plane Using Network De embedding on page 285 Port reference impedance conversion A function that uses software to convert an S parameter measured with a 50 Ω port reference impedance into a value measured with an arbitrary impedance For the setup procedure of port reference ...

Page 290: ...rential mode port impedance of a balanced port after an balance unbalance conversion Balance unbalance conversion automatically converts the differential mode port impedance at the balanced port into 2Z0 and the common mode port impedance into Z0 2 compared with the two pre conversion port impedances of Z0 Differential port impedance conversion further converts a differential port impedance after ...

Page 291: ...g Using the Network De embedding Function Step 1 Prepare a two port Touchstone data file s2p format corresponding to the network to be removed Step 2 Press Fixture Simulator De Embedding Step 3 Press Select Port Step 4 Press 1 2 3 or 4 to select the test port from which the network de embedding is performed Step 5 Press User File Step 6 Using the dialog box that appears select the Touchstone data ...

Page 292: ...rt Z Conversion Step 2 Specify the port reference impedance for the required port Select Port 1 Z0 Real Port 2 Z0 Real Port 3 Z0 Real or Port 4 Z0 Real to set the port reference impedance in Real format Select Port 1 Z0 Real and Port 1 Z0 Imag Port 2 Z0 Real and Port2 Z0 Imag Port 3 Z0 Real and Port 3 Z0 Imag or Port 4 Z0 Real and Port 4 Z0 Imag to set the port reference impedance in Complex forma...

Page 293: ...odel Use a user file in two port Touchstone data format that defines the matching circuit to be added The circuit models used for defining matching circuits are shown in Figure 7 5 Using the Matching Circuit Function Step 1 Press Fixture Simulator Port Matching Step 2 Press Select Port Step 3 Press 1 2 3 or 4 to select the port to which a matching circuit is to be added Step 4 To add a matching ci...

Page 294: ...rent from the port reference impedance setting value of the analyzer it is automatically converted to adapt to the analyzer setting When a 2 port Touchstone data file is read in data for up to 3202 frequency points are read in using interpolation according to the measurement frequency point setting of the analyzer If the number of frequency points in the file is greater than 3202 excess data are i...

Page 295: ...a shunt inductor and a shunt capacitor User Selects the circuit model defined in the user file imported by performing Step 4 Step 7 Specify the values of the elements in the selected circuit model Softkey Function C Specifies capacitance F G Specifies conductance S L Specifies inductance H R Specifies resistance Ω NOTE When either of the two components of Series C C and G is set to 0 the component...

Page 296: ...lows you to add embed or remove de embed data of your desired 4 port network defined in a 4 port Touchstone data file to or from measurement values through software based processing The embedding de embedding supports three types of connection as shown in Figure 7 6 NOTE This function is available with firmware version 3 50 or greater Figure 7 6 Connection that enables embedding de embedding netwo...

Page 297: ...ively as shown in Figure 7 6 specify Ports 1 2 3 For topology C Select measurement port numbers of the analyzer to which you want to connect nwk1 P1 nwk1 P2 nwk2 P1 and nwk2 P2 in Figure 7 6 For example when you connect nwk1 P1 nwk1 P2 nwk2 P1 and nwk2 P2 to measurement ports 1 2 3 and 4 respectively as shown in Figure 7 6 specify Ports 1 2 3 4 NOTE When defined in the 4 port Touchstone data file ...

Page 298: ... normalized impedance value than that of the port reference impedance setting value that is read in by the analyzer correct measurement results will not be obtained Therefore when you create a 4 port Touchstone file be sure that the normalized impedance value in the data file is the same as the port reference impedance value of the analyzer specified for actual measurement When you create a 4 port...

Page 299: ... This function enables you to evaluate devices with balanced ports NOTE Be sure to set the impedances of the two unbalanced ports equal to each other For more details on setting up port impedance for unbalanced ports refer to Converting the Port Impedance of the Measurement Result on page 286 Figure 7 7 Balance unbalance conversion The types of devices that can be evaluated using the E5070B E5071B...

Page 300: ...on Figure 7 8 Types of balanced devices that can be evaluated with E5070B E5071B In the terminology of the E5070B E5071B ports after the balance conversion are called logical ports or DUT ports You can freely assign the test ports of the E5070B E5071B to logical ports ports a to d in Figure 7 8 ...

Page 301: ...nce parameter R CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio Mixed mode S parameter By turning on the balance unbalance conversion function you can obtain the S parameter of the balanced port separately for two modes the differential mode and the common mode Figure 7 9 shows the notation of the S parameter in balance measurement mixed mode S parameter Figure 7 9 Notation of mixed mode S parameter Figure 7 10 ...

Page 302: ...nce conversion function Figure 7 10 Mixed mode S parameter when measuring a single ended balanced device Figure 7 11 Mixed mode S parameter when measuring a balanced balanced device Figure 7 12 Mixed mode S parameter when measuring a single ended single ended balanced device ...

Page 303: ...measuring a balanced balanced device Imbalance1 Imbalance2 Figure 7 15 Parameter when measuring a single ended single ended balanced device Imbalance1 Imbalance2 Imbalance3 Imbalance4 CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio By turning on the balance unbalance conversion function you can select CMRR ratio between the transmission characteristic in the differential mode and that in the common mode of the b...

Page 304: ...shes port 1 and port 2 on the DUT as unbalanced ports and port 3 as a balanced port Step 6 Select each port on the analyzer to which a port on the DUT is connected When you have selected SE Bal in Step 5 Softkey Function Port 1 se Selects a port on the analyzer from among 1 2 3 and 4 for connection to logical 1 Port a in Figure 7 8 Port 2 bal Selects two ports on the analyzer from among 1 2 1 3 1 ...

Page 305: ...lect the measurement parameter Checking device type and port assignment You can check the device type and the port assignment for the balance unbalance conversion by displaying the balance measurement topology property as shown in Figure 7 16 Figure 7 16 Balance measurement topology property Procedure to Turn On Off Balance Measurement Topology Property Display Follow these steps to turn on off th...

Page 306: ...e 7 17 NOTE Be sure to set the impedances of the two unbalanced ports equal to each other For more details on setting up port impedance for unbalanced ports refer to Converting the Port Impedance of the Measurement Result on page 286 Figure 7 17 Port impedance after a balance unbalance conversion As described above the impedance of the balanced port is automatically specified as the result of spec...

Page 307: ...Port 2 bal Real or Port 3 bal Real to set the differential port reference impedance in Real format Select Port 1 bal Real and Port 1 bal Imag Port 2 bal Real and Port2 bal Imag or Port 3 bal Real and Port 3 bal Imag to set the differential port reference impedance in Complex format NOTE Ports 1 2 and 3 refer to the logical ports 1 2 and 3 Converting port reference impedance in common mode If you t...

Page 308: ...e differential port reference impedance in Real format Select Port 1 bal Real and Port 1 bal Imag Port 2 bal Real and Port2 bal Imag or Port 3 bal Real and Port 3 bal Imag to set the common port reference impedance in Complex format NOTE Ports1 2 and 3 refer to the logical ports 1 2 and 3 ...

Page 309: ...using the matching circuit function you can obtain the characteristics resulting from the addition of an arbitrary matching circuit for each test port Figure 7 18 Figure 7 18 Balance matching circuit function Define the matching circuit to be added by one of the following methods Use a predetermined circuit model and specify the values for the elements in the circuit model Use a user file in two p...

Page 310: ...ically changes to User In this case you do not have to execute Step 5 and Step 6 Step 5 Press Select Circuit Step 6 Select a differential matching circuit model Figure 7 19 Softkey Function None The matching circuit is not added Shunt L Shunt C Selects a circuit model consisting of a shunt inductor and a shunt capacitor User Selects the circuit model defined in the user file imported in Step 4 Ste...

Page 311: ... 305 Fixture Simulator Determining the Characteristics that Result from Adding a Matching Circuit to a Differential Port 7 Fixture Simulator Step 11 If Fixture Simulator is OFF press the key again to turn it ON ...

Page 312: ...uit of balance SAW filter Evaluation using an actual test fixture Generally a test fixture as shown in Figure 7 21 is fabricated for evaluating the characteristics of a DUT in a measurement circuit by using a network analyzer In typical use a network analyzer performs measurements at a 50 Ω port reference impedance and in a single ended unbalanced state Therefore DUT port 1 can be connected direct...

Page 313: ...on it is very difficult to obtain calibration standards that can be used to calibrate a balanced port As a result calibration is performed at appropriate connectors connected to the test fixture and the network between the calibration reference plane and the DUT s terminals induces measurement errors Different test fixtures must be fabricated for evaluating different types of DUTs because they req...

Page 314: ...5070B E5071B s fixture simulator function The unbalanced port of the DUT should be directly connected to a test port of the E5070B E5071B and the balanced port of the DUT should be connected to two other test ports of the E5070B E5071B The actual measurement by the E5070B E5071B is performed at single ended ports with a 50 Ω port reference impedance Figure 7 22 DUT connection when fixture simulato...

Page 315: ... circuit embedding converts measured S parameters to those when a matching circuit is added to the DUT s terminal This function is performed for a single ended port even if balance unbalance conversion is applied to the port Balance unbalance conversion converts S parameters measured at an unbalanced state to mixed mode S parameters measured at a balanced state The balanced port signal can be eval...

Page 316: ...ion standards can be connected Undesired network can be removed to eliminate measurement errors port extension network de embedding Characteristics of a DUT including desired matching circuits can be obtained easily matching circuit embedding differential matching circuit embedding Port reference impedance can be set freely port reference impedance conversion differential port reference impedance ...

Page 317: ...ption 008 8 Frequency Offset Measurement Option 008 This chapter describes the frequency translating device measurement and absolute measurement including harmonic distortion measurement made by using the frequency offset mode option 008 ...

Page 318: ...tion features vector mixer calibration and scalar mixer calibration Vector Mixer Calibration on page 223 allows you to measure the conversion loss phase reflection parameter and group delay of the mixer Scalar Mixer Calibration on page 233 performs high accuracy measurement for the magnitude and reflection parameter of mixer conversion loss Moreover the E5070B E5071B option 008 supports an absolut...

Page 319: ...Procedures for setting external signal source power level Procedures for controlling external signal source 3 Avoid Spurious Function on page 320 Enables avoid spurious function Procedures for controlling avoid spurious function 4 Changing Frequency Data on page 321 Changes frequency data Procedures for changing frequency data 5 Implementing Mixer Calibration on page 323 Implements mixer calibrati...

Page 320: ...ps below to set the frequency at each port Step 1 Press or to activate the channel on which the frequency offset is to be set Step 2 Press Frequency Offset to display Frequency Offset Menu Step 3 Press Port n n any port number to display Port n Menu Step 4 Set the frequency for Port n by using the following softkeys Softkey Function Multiplier Sets a multiplier for the basic frequency Divisor Sets...

Page 321: ...om Std Swept to Std Stepped and from Fast Swept to Fast Stepped The phase information of the measurement value becomes meaningless Therefore the view of Phase Group Delay Smith Polar Real Imaginary Expand Phase or Positive Phase specified with the key has no actual meaning In addition any other function in the Conversion menu of the key that cannot be calculated without phase information including...

Page 322: ...e 8 3 Then on the E5070B E5071B you must specify the GPIB address and the type of external signal source Figure 8 3 Connection between external signal source and E5070B E5071B NOTE The settings of the USB GPIB interface must be made in advance See Setting the GPIB on page 426 for more information NOTE To use an external signal source we recommend that you connect the E5070B E5071B s internal refer...

Page 323: ...Signal Sources Type Model 1 User defined Commands 2 8643A 8644B 8664A 8665A B 3 8648A B C D ESG Series PSG Series NOTE For type 1 the user defined commands can be used to control the external signal source Four commands can be defined preset turning on RF output setting frequency and setting power Definitions are required for frequency and power level settings The factory state definitions are sho...

Page 324: ...res for setting external signal source frequency The frequencies set to the external signal source should be a multiplier MLO divisor DLO and offset OLO for the basic frequency setting as shown in the following formula refer to Figure 8 4 or Figure 8 5 LO Frequency Basic Frequency MLO DLO OLO Figure 8 4 Example of external signal source frequency setting swept IF measurement Figure 8 5 Example of ...

Page 325: ... signal source frequency The use of the Multiplier Divisor Offset key is recommended as a rule This allows you to automatically retain the offset value even if you have changed the setting range of the basic frequency since the external signal source frequency is defined as a formula Using the Start Stop key will set M and O which can be determined from the specified frequency and the normal frequ...

Page 326: ...ON which allows you to send setting values such as frequency to the external signal source and start the control If the external signal source control is turned ON Ctrl will be displayed on the screen as shown in Figure 8 7 Figure 8 7 Display of external signal source control NOTE If the external signal source control fails the GPIB setting may be wrong See Setting the GPIB on page 426 3 Avoid Spu...

Page 327: ...Spurious to turn it ON NOTE Even if the frequency offset function is turned OFF the function is available when the external signal source LO Frequency is ON NOTE If the Swept is selected for the Sweep Mode it will be changed to Stepped from Std Swept to Std Stepped and from Fast Swept to Fast Stepped 4 Changing Frequency Data The frequency offset function offers the capability to change the freque...

Page 328: ...race NOTE If you use the LO RF setting you can display information in the same way as with the mixer measurement function of the Agilent PNA series by changing the measurement data according to the steps below Step 1 Press or and or to activate the trace for which you want to change the measurement data Step 2 Press Frequency Offset to display the Frequency Offset Menu Step 3 Use the X Axis key to...

Page 329: ...hown in Figure 8 9 conversion loss indicates the level of efficiency in which input frequency is converted to another frequency Furthermore conversion loss can be defined as a proportion of output frequency power to input frequency power at a given LO signal level The following description is based on an example of conversion loss measurement by using the vector mixer calibration NOTE You must imp...

Page 330: ...rameters Follow the steps below to set the measurement parameters In this case we measure each parameter of magnitude phase and group delay in conversion loss S12 Step 1 Press or to activate the channel you want to measure Step 2 Press to set Num of Traces to 3 Step 3 Press Allocate Traces to select the Graph Layout Step 4 Press to set the measurement parameter to S12 Step 5 Press to set LogMag ma...

Page 331: ...igure 8 11 Figure 8 11 Example of conversion loss measurement Step 13 Change the frequency data to the desired frequency as required For detailed information on changing the frequency data see Procedures for changing frequency data on page 321 NOTE For additional information about the absolute measurements see Agilent application note 1463 6 Accurate Frequency Translating Device Measurements by us...

Page 332: ...mplements receiver calibration 3 Setting Absolute Measurement Parameters on page 327 Sets absolute measurement parameters Procedures for setting absolute measurement parameters 4 Harmonic Distortion Measurement on page 328 Implements harmonic distortion measurement Connection of DUT Procedures for setting measurement parameters Table 8 4 shows the measurement flow 1 Setting Frequency Offset Functi...

Page 333: ... The frequency offset function has an added absolute measurement function Procedures for setting absolute measurement parameters Follow the steps below to set the absolute measurement parameters Step 1 Press or and or to activate the trace for which you want to implement absolute measurement Step 2 Press to display the Measurement Menu Step 3 Press Absolute to select measurement parameters Softkey...

Page 334: ...fundamental signal respectively Thus the distortion component increases as a function of the fundamental signal power and the harmonic distortion can be measured as the proportion of the 2nd and 3rd harmonic power levels to the fundamental signal power level Figure 8 13 Harmonic distortion Connection of DUT Connect the DUT as shown in Figure 8 14 R3 n Absolute measurement in Port 3 reference recei...

Page 335: ...0 Step 1 Press or and or to activate the trace for which you want to implement absolute measurement Step 2 Press to display the Measurement Menu Step 3 Press Absolute to select absolute measurement parameters B 1 Accordingly the stimulus port and test port are set to 1 and 2 respectively Step 4 In this case the segment sweep function is used to perform faster measurement For detailed information o...

Page 336: ...er the setting must be the same at both the frequency point at which the harmonic is generated and the measurement point Spectrum analyzers can detect all of the signals residing in the range of sweep frequencies but network analyzers can only detect the signals residing in the measurement frequency point NOTE For additional information about the absolute measurements see Agilent application note ...

Page 337: ...331 9 Analysis in Time Domain Option 010 9 Analysis in Time Domain Option 010 This chapter describes how to deal with responses in the time domain by using the time domain function Option 010 ...

Page 338: ... the waveform in the time domain you can determine the locations and magnitudes of mismatches Figure 9 1 Example of measurement in time domain and in frequency domain Comparison to time domain reflectometry TDR measurement The time domain function of the E5070B E5071B is similar to the time domain reflectometry TDR measurement in that it displays the response in the time domain In the TDR measurem...

Page 339: ...types of functions You can use them at the same time Transformation function Transforms measurement data in the frequency domain to data in the time domain For more information refer to Transformation to time domain on page 334 Gating function Deletes unnecessary data in the time domain from original data in the time domain For more information refer to Deleting Unnecessary Data in Time Domain gat...

Page 340: ... or signals of many frequencies pass such as cables The low pass mode provides two types of modes low pass step and low pass impulse Setting the window on page 337 Sets the window to reduce the ringing phenomenon in which a waveform s waves are caused due to the fact that the frequency domain is finite Calculating necessary measurement conditions on page 338 Calculates the following values to obta...

Page 341: ...ion and reflection measurements You can perform both transmission and reflection measurements Identification of mismatches You can identify the locations of mismatches You can identify the locations of mismatches and the type of impedance capacitive or inductive Resolution The resolution in the time domain increases by two times over that in the band pass mode Available data format R Liner magnitu...

Page 342: ...hin the frequency sweep range NOTE For more information on how the frequency span setting affects the pulse width and the rise time refer to Calculating necessary measurement conditions on page 338 Figure 9 2 Step signal and impulse signal Operation Step 1 Press or and or to activate a trace for which you want to set the transformation type Step 2 Press Transform to display the Transform menu Step...

Page 343: ... the rise time of the step become larger as a penalty You can select from three types of windows maximum normal and minimum Table 9 2 shows the relation between the window and the sidelobe impulse width Table 9 2 Characteristics of windows Window Sidelobe level of impulse signal Width of impulse 50 in low pass mode 1 Sidelobe level of step signal Rise time of step signal 10 90 Minimum 13 dB 0 60 f...

Page 344: ...lse width or the step rise time The lower limit can be set to the value when the window is the minimum the upper limit when the window is the maximum Kaiser Beta Sets the window by specifying the β value of the Kaiser Bessel function The Kaiser Bessel function determines the shape of the window The allowable setting range is 0 to 13 NOTE By specifying Kaiser Beta Impulse Width or Rise Time you can...

Page 345: ...peaks can be clearly separated which means that the response resolution is smaller Figure 9 4 Effect of frequency sweep range on resolution The sweep range affects the width of the impulse signal and the rise time of the step signal The width of the impulse signal and the rise time of the step signal are inversely proportional to the sweep range Therefore the wider the sweep range is the shorter t...

Page 346: ...n 0 60 frequency span 1 20 frequency span Normal 0 99 frequency span 0 98 frequency span 1 95 frequency span Maximum 1 48 frequency span 1 39 frequency span 2 77 frequency span Figure 9 6 shows how the response changes as the window shape changes If the magnitudes of adjacent peaks are comparable you need to make the resolution higher if they differ significantly you need to set the window so that...

Page 347: ... the sweep range To enlarge the measurement range use one of the following methods Increase the number of points Narrow the span of the sweep range NOTE When you change the above settings after performing calibration you need to perform calibration again The sweep range is expressed as time or distance The time of the measurement range Tspan is as follows Tspan 1 ΔF The distance of the measurement...

Page 348: ...ep Type Lin Freq to set the sweep type to linear sweep NOTE When the sweep type is set to other than the linear sweep the time domain function is not available Step 3 Use the following keys to set the sweep range Key stroke Function Sets the start frequency Sets the stop frequency Sets the center frequency Sets the frequency span Step 4 Press Points and then enter the number of points Step 5 When ...

Page 349: ...y bar the distance corresponding to the set time is displayed Figure 9 7 The displayed distance is a value taking the velocity factor into consideration Softkey Function Start Sets the start value of the display range in time Stop Sets the stop value of the display range in time Center Sets the center value of the display range in time Span Sets the span of the display range in time NOTE You canno...

Page 350: ...sis in Time Domain Option 010 Transformation to time domain NOTE The following requirements must be met to enable the transformation function The sweep mode is the linear sweep There are three or more measurement points ...

Page 351: ...ansformation to time domain Enables transformation function and transforms measurement data to data in time domain 3 Setting the gate Makes the following settings of the gate to select the necessary domain Gate type Gate shape Gate range 4 Transformation back to frequency domain Disables transformation function and displays response in frequency domain corresponding to the data selected with the g...

Page 352: ... the shape is minimum the cutoff time is shorter and the response is deleted abruptly but the sidelobe level and band pass ripples become larger When it is maximum cutoff is gentler but the sidelobe level and the band pass ripple become smaller The minimum gate span in Table 9 1 is the minimum gate range you can set This value is defined as the minimum gate span necessary for the existence of the ...

Page 353: ...times or the center and span The E5070B E5071B has the following limitations on the gate range you can set Lower limit Tspan 1 Upper limit Tspan 1 Operational procedure Step 1 Press or and or to activate the trace for which you want to set the gate range Step 2 Press Gating to display the Gating menu Step 3 Press each of the following softkeys to specify the gate range At the side of the set value...

Page 354: ...n function is enabled the flags indicating the gate range is displayed as shown in Figure 9 10 NOTE In Figure 9 10 the gate type is set to band pass When it is set to notch the directions of the flags indicating the ends of the gate range are reversed Figure 9 10 Screen when transformation function and gate function are enabled Operational procedure Step 1 Press or and or to activate the trace for...

Page 355: ...tch locations reflecting 50 of the input voltage the first mismatch reflects 50 of the measurement signal The remaining 50 reaches the next mismatch and its 50 which is 25 of the entire measurement signal is reflected Therefore in the response in the time domain the second mismatch looks smaller NOTE In this example the transmission line is assumed to have no loss However because there actually is...

Page 356: ...ons the response includes information on the mismatch type Figure 9 12 shows each mismatch type and the response waveform corresponding to it In the low pass mode you can simulate the response of the step signal and the impulse signal From the viewpoint of mathematics the response of the impulse signal is the waveform obtained by differentiating the response of the step signal Figure 9 12 Mismatch...

Page 357: ...a Output This chapter explains the concepts behind saving recalling internal data and printing the information that is displayed on the screen Procedures for performing these tasks with the Agilent E5070B E5071B are also given ...

Page 358: ...nd traces error corrected data array 2 and error corrected memory array 2 to reproduce the state when it was saved by recalling it later into the E5070B E5071B At this time the traces are also recalled and displayed on the screen State calibration data and traces All Saves the setting 1 of the E5070B E5071B calibration data and traces to reproduce the state when it was saved by recalling it later ...

Page 359: ...ssible R Compatibility when the maximum number of channels traces is different You cannot recall files saved by specifying all channels traces All as the save target If the number channels traces at recall does not exceed that at save you cannot recall files saved by specifying the displayed channel trace Disp Only as the save target R Compatibility when the firmware version is different Files tha...

Page 360: ...nt of the instrument state you want to save Softkey Function State Only Selects saving the state of the E5070B E5071B only State Cal Selects saving the state and calibration data of the E5070B E5071B State Trace Selects saving the state and traces of the E5070B E5071B All Selects saving the state calibration data and traces of the E5070B E5071B Selecting Save Target Channel Trace Step 1 Press Step...

Page 361: ... using the saved settings When both files are found A Autorec sta is recalled To disable the auto recall function delete the Autorec sta files NOTE An asterisk in the upper right of the softkey indicates that the corresponding file of the softkey already exists If you save into the existing file the existing file is copied as backup sta and then overwritten When you want to use another file name o...

Page 362: ...floppy disk formatted in DOS format 1 D Select this drive when saving or recalling a file to from the hard disk drive D drive NOTE Do not modify any files and folders in drives other than drive A and drive D Doing so will cause malfunctions NOTE Do not press the disk eject button while the floppy disk access lamp is on Trying to forcefully pull the floppy disk out while the lamp is on may damage t...

Page 363: ...10 3 illustrates the Open dialog box 2 Select the folder and the file using the external keyboard and mouse 3 Click Open Figure 10 3 Open dialog box NOTE Do not press the disk eject button while the floppy disk access lamp is on Trying to forcefully pull the floppy disk out while the lamp is on may damage the floppy disk or disk drive NOTE When a user file is used in Extending the Calibration Plan...

Page 364: ...ters the first 12 characters are displayed on the softkey and the remaining characters are omitted and replaced with Note that different files may be displayed on softkeys with the same name or a saved file is not displayed on any softkey because of the above limitations Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Recall by File Name Step 3 Files that have been named and saved in the D State folder are displayed on...

Page 365: ...e when saving the entire instrument state the instrument state for each channel is saved into volatile memory instead of a file so if you turn off the power this state is lost Operational Procedure Saving Instrument State for Each Channel Step 1 Press or to activate a channel whose state you want to save Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Save Channel Step 4 Press one of State A to State D to save the inst...

Page 366: ... third line is a header line indicating the contents of each item of trace data written on the fourth line onward The fourth line onward shows the trace data The amount of data is determined by the number of points frequency assigned to the trace Saving Trace Data Follow the procedure below to save trace data from the E5070B E5071B Step 1 Press or to select the channel that contains the trace to b...

Page 367: ...ching circuit information However no other type of file saved in Touchstone format can be recalled to the E5070B E5071B The function for saving data in Touchstone format is available from the front panel with the firmware version A 06 50 or higher Accordingly the function for saving data in Touchstone format by using VBA macro has been deleted When using the E5070B E5071B with a firmeware version ...

Page 368: ...alibration is performed OFF Calibration is not performed FMT Data format RI Real number imaginary number MA Linear magnitude angle DB Log magnitude angle Z0 Reference impedance value The structure of the data part depends on the combination of the selected file type and specified port NOTE When the S parameter of a port on which calibration is not performed is specified if data measured with the S...

Page 369: ...Chapter 10 363 Data Output Saving Trace Data to a File 10 Data Output Figure 10 5 2 port Touchstone file Figure 10 6 3 port Touchstone file ...

Page 370: ...on the saved data are not the displayed data but the data of the S parameter before conversion For data saved in touchstone format data operation time domain parameter conversion data format and smoothing are not reflected in the output data An error occurs when attempting to save data that use the frequency offset function Saving procedure Follow the steps below to save trace data in Touchstone f...

Page 371: ... which the file should be saved enter a file name and then press Save to save the file NOTE When saving data in a sweep process the data during sweep is saved into a Touchstone file That is the previous sweep data is saved as data that has not been swept or if sweep was not performed previously zero data might be saved Therefore you should set the active channel to the HOLD state when saving data ...

Page 372: ...s about display mode see Selecting display mode on page 91 Step 2 Press to display the System menu Use the softkey listed below Softkey Function Dump Screen Image Saves the screen image to a file NOTE The screen image at the time is pressed is the image that will be saved For details see Printed saved images on page 370 Step 3 Press Dump Screen Image to open the Save As dialog box For more informa...

Page 373: ...Figure 10 8 Windows Explorer NOTE Do not modify any files and folders in drives other than drive A and drive D Doing so will cause malfunctions To Open Windows Explorer Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Explorer To Copy a File or Folder Step 1 Select a source file or folder in Windows Explorer Step 2 Select Edit Copy from the menu bar Step 3 Open the destination folder Step 4 Select Edit Paste from the me...

Page 374: ...from the menu bar To Rename a File or Folder Step 1 Select a file or folder you want to rename in Windows Explorer Step 2 Select File Rename from the menu bar Step 3 Type the new name of the file or folder and then press To Format a Floppy Disk NOTE All files and folders in the floppy disk are erased by formatting Step 1 Put a floppy disk into the floppy disk drive that you want to format Step 2 U...

Page 375: ...0B E5071B Supported printers For the latest information of the supported printers for the E5070B E5071B refer to Printer Compatibility of http www agilent com find ena_support NOTE The drivers for all supported printers at the time of shipment are installed in the E5070B E5071B If you use a printer newly supported after purchasing the product you need to install the printer driver for the printer ...

Page 376: ...cedure Preparation before printing Follow these steps to prepare for printing Step 1 Turns off the E5070B E5071B Step 2 Turn on the printer and connect it to the E5070B E5071B NOTE Do not connect a printer that is not supported to the E5070B E5071B Step 3 Turn on the E5070B E5071B Step 4 Press Step 5 Press Printer Setup The Printers window Figure 10 9 opens The icons of the printers that have been...

Page 377: ...in the File menu Figure 10 10 File menu in Printers window Step 7 Click Printing Preferences 2 in Figure 10 10 in the File menu The Printing Preferences dialog box for the selected printer appears Set items necessary before printing such as Page Size 1 in Figure 10 11 and then click the OK button 2 in Figure 10 11 NOTE For information on the Printing Preferences dialog box refer to your printer s ...

Page 378: ...ing in colors close to the actually displayed screen and OFF for printing in inverse colors Step 4 Press Print to start printing To cancel the printing in progress press Abort Printing NOTE If you start printing when the printer is not ready for example it is not turned on by mistake the Printers Folder dialog box shown in Figure 10 12 may appear In this case click Cancel to close the Printers Fol...

Page 379: ...373 11 Limit Test 11 Limit Test This chapter describes the concepts behind the limit test the ripple test and the bandwidth test It also explains how to perform it using the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 380: ...nd response value Begin Response of the begin point the stimulus value End Stimulus and response value End Response of the end point and the type lower limit upper limit For more information refer to Defining the limit line on page 376 When the limit test is on measurement points that fail are displayed in red on the screen and the trace s pass fail judgment result based on the results of individu...

Page 381: ...Result display of measurement points and trace Judgment result of channels If a channel has a judgment result of fail the message shown in Figure 11 2 appears on the screen it will be judged as failed if one or more unsatisfactory trace exists in any of the limit test the ripple test or the bandwidth test within the channel Figure 11 2 Channel fail message Follow these steps to turn on off the dis...

Page 382: ...g the limit table create edit a segment Initially no segments are entered in the limit table At the same time the Edit Limit Line menu used to create edit the limit table is displayed The following lists the functions that correspond to the softkeys shown Softkey Function Delete Deletes the segment containing the selected cell from the limit table Add Adds a segment before the segment containing t...

Page 383: ...tered a suitable value within the range is specified 2 Once the stimulus value is specified changing the sweep range of the E5070B E5071B does not affect the stimulus value Specify starting point for stimulus value on the limit line End Stimulus 1 2 Specify ending point for stimulus value on the limit line Begin Response 3 4 3 The range in which response values can be specified is from 500 M to 50...

Page 384: ...s case the limit value to be used in the limit test is defined as follows When two or more limit values whose type is set to maximum MAX exist the smallest one is used as the maximum When two or more limit values whose type is set to minimum MIN exist the largest one is used as the minimum NOTE Even if the span of the sweep range on the E5070B E5071B is set to 0 enter the two parameters of Begin S...

Page 385: ...rth and later lines Data on segments are output on the fourth and later lines Saving calling the limit table The following steps describe how to save call the limit table Use the external keyboard and mouse for the operations listed below Step 1 Display the limit table Step 2 In the Edit Limit Line menu press Export to CSV File to open the Save As dialog box For more information on the Save As dia...

Page 386: ... limit test function will be used Step 3 Press to display the Analysis menu Step 4 Press Limit Test to display the Limit Test menu Softkey Function Limit Test Sets the limit test ON OFF Limit Line Sets the limit line display ON OFF Edit Limit Line Opens the limit table for editing the limit line 1 To use the limit test function you must first define the limit line For more on how to define the lim...

Page 387: ...est Step 5 Press Limit Line Offsets to display the limit line offset function menu The following functions correspond to each softkey Softkey Function Stimulus Offset Adds a certain offset to the stimulus value of the entire segment in the limit table Stimulus offset Amplitude Offset Adds a certain offset to the response value of the entire segment in the limit table Amplitude offset Marker Amp Of...

Page 388: ...ffset Figure 11 7 Marker amplitude offset Initializing the limit table The following operations initialize the limit table At power on When presetting When calling a limit table with zero segments When Clear Limit Table OK is pressed in the Edit Limit Line menu ...

Page 389: ...limit the test judges the measurement as Pass NOTE The measurement point alone is the target of evaluation for pass fail The interpolated part between measurement points is not evaluated The ripple limit is defined with the start point stimulus value end point stimulus value ripple limit value and type on off For detailed information see Configuring ripple limit on page 385 While the ripple test f...

Page 390: ...ndicates the result for trace 1 The value following B3 is the ripple value at the third frequency band specified in the ripple test Similarly the second line indicates the test result for trace 2 showing the ripple value at the first frequency band For information on how to display the results see Turning on off ripple test and displaying results on page 388 Figure 11 8 Sample ripple test results ...

Page 391: ...p 4 Press Ripple Limit to display the softkeys for to the ripple test Step 5 Press Edit Ripple Limit to display the ripple limit table shown in Figure 11 9 on page 386 and create or edit the bands Note that no frequency band is provided in the ripple limit table by default The Edit Ripple Limit menu is also displayed which can be used for creating or editing the frequency band The following are fu...

Page 392: ...and not used for the ripple test Begin Stimulus 1 2 1 Acceptable range for the stimulus value 500G to 500G If any outranging value is specified it will be reset to fall within the range 2 Even if the E5070B E5071B s sweep range is changed after the stimulus value has been set the stimulus value is not susceptible Specifies the start point for the stimulus value in the ripple test End Stimulus 1 2 ...

Page 393: ...d for the main response value among the two marker response values Saving recalling ripple limit table The ripple limit table can be saved in a file and recalled later for use on the screen The file is saved in the csv format with the extension csv and values are saved as a character string with the unit The csv formatted file can also be reused in spreadsheet software made for PCs The ripple limi...

Page 394: ...ame Press Save to save the ripple limit table displayed on the screen to a file Step 4 To recall the saved ripple limit table press Import from CSV File from the Edit RippleLimit menu to display the Open dialog box For detailed information on each field of the Open dialog box see Figure 10 3 Open dialog box on page 357 At this time CSV Files with the extension csv is selected as the file type Step...

Page 395: ...Ripple Value Band Selects the band for which you want to display the ripple value Edit Ripple Limit Opens the ripple limit table for editing the ripple limit 1 To use the ripple test function you must first define the ripple limit For more on how to define the ripple limit see Configuring ripple limit on page 385 1 Step 5 Press Ripple Test to turn the ripple test ON You can display the limit lines...

Page 396: ...est finds the peak of a signal in the passband and locates a point on each side of the passband at an amplitude below the peak specified in test setup The frequency between these two points is the bandwidth of the filter Then the obtained bandwidth is compared to miminum and maximum allowable bandwidth that you specify beforehand Figure 11 11 Bandwidth Test ...

Page 397: ...le Bandwidth Test Results Test Results for Channel If any channel is unsatisfactory the message will be displayed as shown in Figure 11 2 It will be judged as failed if one or more failed traces are found for the limit test ripple test or bandwidth test within the channel You can also specify this On Off setting from the Fail Sign which is provided in the limit test menu and ripple test menu From ...

Page 398: ...er limit for the bandwidth Similarly press Max Bandwidth to enter the upper limit for the bandwidth The unit is Hz for both Min and Max bandwidths NOTE If the data format is Smith chart or polar the limit test is performed for the main response value among the two marker response values Turning On Off Bandwidth Test and Displaying Results You can configure the on off setting of the bandwidth test ...

Page 399: ...393 12 Optimizing Measurements 12 Optimizing Measurements This chapter describes how to optimize your measurements when using the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 400: ...bles you to expand the dynamic range The following methods can be used to lower the receiver noise floor Narrowing the IF bandwidth on page 394 Turning on Sweep Averaging on page 395 Narrowing the IF bandwidth Narrowing the receiver IF bandwidth enables you to reduce the effect of random noise on measurements Narrowing the IF bandwidth to 1 10 the original bandwidth causes the receiver noise floor...

Page 401: ... 1 where An Result of the calculation of sweep averaging for the nth sweep operation at the point in question a vector quantity Sn Measurement value obtained at the nth sweep operation at the point in question a vector quantity F Sweep averaging factor an integer between 1 and 999 Figure 12 2 Effects of sweep averaging Define the sweep averaging by following the steps below Step 1 Press or to sele...

Page 402: ...e 395 and Narrowing the IF bandwidth on page 394 Turning on Smoothing Smoothing can be used to reduce noise that has relatively small peaks By turning on smoothing the value of each point on a trace is represented by the moving average over the values of several nearby points The smoothing aperture percentage of sweep span defines the range of points to be included in the calculation of the moving...

Page 403: ...group delay format Setting up smoothing Set up the smoothing operation by following the steps below Step 1 Press or and or to activate the trace on which smoothing will be defined Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Smo Aperture Step 4 Change the smoothing aperture in the data entry area Step 5 Press Smoothing to turn ON smoothing ...

Page 404: ...cedure Step 1 Press or and or to activate the phase trace for which you want to specify the electrical delay Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Electrical Delay Step 4 Change the electrical delay in seconds in the data entry area Step 5 Press Media and select a media type for calculating the electrical delay If the electrical delay is 0 second the calculation result is always the same regardless of media t...

Page 405: ...ments Step 3 Press Step 4 Press Marker Delay to set the electrical delay to the group delay value at the position of the active marker a value smoothed with the aperture of 20 regardless of the smoothing setting NOTE An absolute value is used regardless of the reference marker mode s on off status ...

Page 406: ...e ratio of the propagation velocity of a signal in a coaxial cable to the propagation velocity of that signal in free space The velocity factor for a common cable is about 0 66 The propagation velocity depends on the dielectric constant εr of the dielectric substance in the cable Velocity factor 1 εr By specifying the velocity factor you can match the equivalent length in meters appearing in the d...

Page 407: ...lectrical delay of each test port phase shift only It cannot remove errors caused by the loss in and incorrect matching of cables adapters or test fixtures NOTE You can define port extension channel by channel Setting port extension for one particular channel does not affect other channels Operational procedure Step 1 Press or to activate the channel for which you want to set port extension Step 2...

Page 408: ...for which you want to set loss values Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Port Extensions Step 4 Press Loss Step 5 Press Select Port to select the port for which you want to set a loss value Step 6 Press Loss1 OFF to toggle to Loss1 ON enabled and enter a loss value Loss1 and a frequency Freq1 Step 7 If you want to set loss at two frequency points press Loss2 OFF to toggle to Loss ON enabled and enter a los...

Page 409: ...sions Step 4 Press Loss Step 5 Press Select Port to select the port for which you want to set a DC loss value Step 6 Press Loss at DC and enter a DC loss value Step 7 If you want to set a DC loss value for other ports repeat Step 5 to Step 6 Enabling port extensions and loss values Step 1 Press or to activate the channel for which you want to enable port extensions and loss values Step 2 Press Ste...

Page 410: ...channel Setting the auto port extension function for one particular channel does not affect other channels NOTE When the sweep type is power sweep or the frequency offset function is ON the auto port extension is not available 1 Selecting a port s Select the port s for which you want to use the auto port extension function Step 1 Press or to activate the channel for which you want to set auto port...

Page 411: ...e the result is applied to Loss1 Loss2 is ignored User Span Executed using a start value and a stop value you set Step 6 If you have selected User Span use User Span Start and User Span Stop to set a start value and a stop value NOTE For Current Span and User Span a frequency point at 1 4 of the frequency range is set to Freq1 a frequency point at 3 4 of the frequency range is set to Freq2 See Fig...

Page 412: ...ue NOTE If the setting is not made before starting the measurement of the OPEN SHORT standard it does not affect the calculation result 4 Specifying a DC loss value as a calculation target Specify whether you want to include a DC loss value in the calculation result Step 1 Press or to activate the channel for which you want to set auto port extension Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Port Extensions Step ...

Page 413: ...ge 404 Port 1 Measures the OPEN standard for port 1 Port 2 Measures the OPEN standard for port 2 Port 3 1 Only with Options 313 314 413 and 414 1 Measures the OPEN standard for port 3 Port 4 2 Only with Options 413 and 414 2 Measures the OPEN standard for port 4 Step 6 If you use the SHORT standard press Measure SHORT and select the port s for which you want to execute measurement Execution is res...

Page 414: ...f the calculation results is reflected to the port extension and loss value 6 Deleting the result of open short measurement When you exit from the softkey menu in the same level after open short measurement the measurement results are deleted Note that you can use a GPIB command NOTE Port extension and loss values that have been calculated are not cleared ...

Page 415: ...mperature range of 23 C 5 C The high temperature measurement mode of the E5070B E5071B reduces measurement error drift error at an ambient temperature of 28 C to 33 C NOTE The high temperature measurement mode must be turned off when the analyzer is used at an ambient temperature below 28 C Otherwise the measurement accuracy may be degraded Procedure Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Service Menu Step 3 P...

Page 416: ... stepped Stepped 2 MHz to 5 MHz Fast swept Swept Fast stepped Stepped 5 MHz to 8 MHz Fast swept Swept Fast stepped Stepped 8 MHz to 10 MHz Fast swept Fast stepped Stepped Swept 10 MHz to 30 MHz Fast swept Fast stepped Stepped Swept 30 MHz to 50 MHz Fast swept Fast stepped Stepped Swept 50 MHz to 70 MHz Fast stepped Fast swept Stepped Swept 70 MHz or more Fast stepped Stepped Fast swept Swept Table...

Page 417: ...surement point interval is extremely large the sweep to the next measurement point frequency cannot be completed within the sampling time due to the limitations of the instrument s frequency sweep speed This causes a certain waiting time until the start of measurement of the next measurement point and thus in this case the swept mode actually has a longer sweep time Although there is some differen...

Page 418: ...y sweep speed Therefore when measuring a DUT with a long electrical delay time generally use the stepped mode to prevent the measurement error described above However if you need to shorten the sweep time evaluate the measurement error as described below to determine the sweep mode that should be used Procedure to select the fastest possible sweep mode when measuring a DUT with a long electrical d...

Page 419: ... fast swept mode rather than the swept mode Note that because the instrument is adjusted to the limit of the analog performance when using the fast mode a correct measurement may not be obtained due to factors such as increased trace noise depending on the DUT and measurement conditions In addition for the fast mode the instrument specifications are not guaranteed NOTE When you use the fast mode y...

Page 420: ...n 4 Instrument Status Bar on page 44 Turning off system error correction The E5070B E5071B executes IF Range Correction on page 731 and Port Characteristics Correction on page 731 in the data processing flow shown in Figure E 2 Data Processing Flowchart on page 730 by using the system calibration data set at the factory This system error correction process is not required if the user performs prop...

Page 421: ...ring high trace resolution and as few points as possible in a segment not requiring high resolution This shortens the measurement time enabling you to optimize the overall measurement throughput by not having to perform the entire operation under the same measurement conditions of a particular frequency range To evaluate a band pass filter having the transmission characteristics shown in Figure 12...

Page 422: ...er of points in the segment table from 2 to 1601 You can set the number of segments in the segment table to between 1 and 201 Items that can be set for each segment For the segment sweep you can set the sweep range the number of points IF bandwidth power level sweep delay time sweep mode and sweep time for each segment You can set the items in the following table to ON OFF for each segment If you ...

Page 423: ...ons for sweep delay time and sweep time which you can specify in the segment sweep are shown in Figure 12 9 Figure 12 9 Sweep delay time and sweep time in segment sweep Frequency base display and order base display You can choose between frequency based and order based display as the method of displaying traces when executing a segment sweep Figure 12 10 Concept of segment display ...

Page 424: ...418 Chapter12 Optimizing Measurements Performing a Segment by Segment Sweep segment sweep Figure 12 11 Comparison of methods used to displaying segments ...

Page 425: ...of the segment table is displayed as bright as the window frame of the active channel When the focus is placed on the softkey menu the softkey menu title area is displayed in blue Softkey Function Freq Mode Switches the frequency range setting mode start stop or center span List IFBW Toggles ON OFF the IF bandwidth setting for each segment the row for setting IFBW only appears in the segment table...

Page 426: ...D SWEPT Swept mode FAST STEPPED Fast stepped mode FAST SWEPT Fast swept mode Time Sets the sweep time to specify the auto setting AUTO enter 0 as the sweep time To create the segment table use the following keys Hardkey Function If you select a cell and then press this key you enter the mode that allows you to edit the cell character by character If you change a value and then press this key the v...

Page 427: ...tes the value data in the clipboard to a newly selected cell Insert Adds a new line above the selected cell Delete Deletes the line containing the selected cell In the character by character edit mode you can also use the following shortcut menu Shortcut Function Undo Undoes the change and restore the value before the change Cut Cuts the selected string and store it into the clipboard temporary me...

Page 428: ...operation Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Sweep Type Step 4 Press Segment Setting up the segment display Define the method of displaying traces when the segment sweep is executed by following the steps described below Step 1 Press or to select the channel on which you will define the segment display Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Segment Display Step 4 Select the segment display Softkey Function Freq Base Di...

Page 429: ...aved in CSV Format By importing a segment table created following the steps described in Saving a newly created segment table in CSV format on page 423 inputting a file in a different software format you can set up the segment table NOTE It is possible to recall a file from a different channel where it was saved Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Edit Segment Table Step 3 Press Import from CSV File to open...

Page 430: ...424 Chapter12 Optimizing Measurements Performing a Segment by Segment Sweep segment sweep ...

Page 431: ...g the Control and Management Functions 13 Setting and Using the Control and Management Functions This chapter describes how to set and use the control and management functions not directly linked with measurement or analysis ...

Page 432: ...er GPIB address of the E5070B E5071B Follow these steps to make this setting Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Misc Setup Step 3 Press GPIB Setup Step 4 Press Talker Listener Address Step 5 Enter the address using the ENTRY block keys on the front panel Setting system controller USB GPIB interface When controlling an external device from the E5070B E5071B connect the USB port of the E5070B E5071B and the ...

Page 433: ... in the thick lines in Figure 13 2 1 in Figure 13 2 according to the figure and then click the OK button 2 in Figure 13 2 Figure 13 2 USB to GPIB Configuration dialog box If you need to check change the setting of the USB GPIB interface after connecting the USB GPIB interface follow these steps Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Misc Setup Step 3 Press GPIB Setup Step 4 Press System Controller Configuratio...

Page 434: ... Figure 13 3 IO Config dialog box Step 6 The USB to GPIB Configuration dialog box Figure 13 2 appears Check change the setting of the USB GPIB interface and then click the OK button 2 in Figure 13 2 Step 7 In the USB to GPIB Configuration dialog box click the OK button 3 in Figure 13 3 ...

Page 435: ... the current date and time in the instrument status bar at the lower part of the screen To write date and time information when saving internal data or a VBA program Setting the Date and Time Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Misc Setup Step 3 Press Clock Setup Step 4 Press Set Date and Time The dialog box in Figure 13 4 appears Figure 13 4 Date Time Properties Dialog Box Date Time Tab Step 5 Set the date...

Page 436: ... the summertime setting automatically check Automatically adjust clock for daylight saving changes to assign the check mark to it Step 9 Press the OK button Setting the Date Time Display ON OFF The date time display in the instrument status bar can be switched on off using the following procedure Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Misc Setup Step 3 Press Clock Setup Step 4 Press Show Clock to switch the da...

Page 437: ...e pointer Setup Step NOTE Be sure to use a mouse and a keyboard for mouse setup operations Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Misc Setup Step 3 Press Control Panel to open the Control Panel window Figure 13 6 Control Panel Window Step 4 Double click the Mouse icon 1 in Figure 13 6 in the Control Panel window NOTE Do not click icons other than specified here or do not change other settings because doing so ...

Page 438: ...re 13 7 is displayed Define the setup for a right handed left handed person in the Buttons configuration area Define also the setup for double click speed in the Double click speed area Figure 13 7 Mouse Properties Dialog Box Buttons tab Step 6 Click the Pointers tab Figure 13 8 Figure 13 8 Mouse Properties Dialog Box Pointers tab ...

Page 439: ...ox below To create a registration name click the Save As button Enter the registration name into the Save Scheme dialog box that appears and click the OK button Step 8 Click the Motion tab Figure 13 9 Figure 13 9 Mouse Properties Dialog Box Motion tab Step 9 Specify the pointer speed in the Pointer speed area and the pointer trail in the Pointer trail area Step 10 Click the OK button Step 11 Click...

Page 440: ... address on page 435 R Specifying computer name on page 437 If you need detail network settings consult your network administrator and perform operation in the same way as the Windows 2000 PC Enabling disabling network You can enable disable the network connection function of the E5070B E5071B Follow these steps to enable disable the network connection function Step 1 Use the LAN cable to connect ...

Page 441: ...The Local Area Connection Status dialog box Figure 13 11 appears Click the Disable button 1 in Figure 13 11 to disable the network connection function Figure 13 11 Local Area Connection Status dialog box Step 7 Click the button 2 in Figure 13 10 in the upper right of the Network and Dial up Connections window Setting IP address Follow these steps to set the IP address Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Mis...

Page 442: ...Area Connection Properties dialog box Step 7 The Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialog box Figure 13 13 appears Click select Use the following IP address 1 in Figure 13 13 and then enter the IP address 2 in Figure 13 13 the subnet mask 3 in Figure 13 13 and the gateway address 4 in Figure 13 13 If the IP address can be obtained automatically if the DHCP server can be used click select Obtain ...

Page 443: ...igure 13 12 Step 10 In the Local Area Connection Status dialog box click the Close button 3 in Figure 13 11 Step 11 Click the button 2 in Figure 13 10 in the upper right of the Network and Dial up Connections window Specifying computer name Follow these steps to specify the computer name Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Misc Setup Step 3 Press Network Setup Step 4 Press Network Identification Step 5 The ...

Page 444: ...dialog box Figure 13 16 appears Click the OK button Figure 13 16 Network Identification dialog box Step 8 In the Identification Changes dialog box click the OK button 2 in Figure 13 15 Step 9 In the System Properties dialog box click the OK button 2 in Figure 13 14 Step 10 The System Settings Change dialog box Figure 13 17 appears Click the Yes button to restart the E5070B E5071B Figure 13 17 Syst...

Page 445: ...formation on configuration and notes see Configuring the Network on page 434 Enabling Web Server Enable the web server for the E5070B E5071B so that it may allow access from an external PC Follow these steps Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Misc Setup Network Setup Step 3 Press Web Server to turn it on The default is OFF NOTE This function is available only when the Internet Information Services IIS is i...

Page 446: ...ication Programs in VBA Programmer s Guide for information on accessing the hard disk of the external PC connected to the same LAN from the E5070B E5071B Figure 13 18 Accessing to drive D of E5070B E5071B from external PC Enabling the access form the external PC This section shows the simplest procedure to enable the access from the external PC NOTE It is recommended that you use setting with high...

Page 447: ...xternal PC 13 Setting and Using the Control and Management Functions Step 4 The USERS D Properties dialog box Figure 13 19 appears Select the Sharing tab Figure 13 19 USERS D Properties dialog box General tab Step 5 Click the New Share button 1 in Figure 13 20 Figure 13 20 USERS D Properties dialog box Sharing tab ...

Page 448: ...eration manual Step 1 From the Start menu click Programs Windows Explorer to start the Explorer Step 2 From the Explorer s menu click Tools Map Network Drive Step 3 The Map Network Drive dialog box appears Select an appropriate drive enter C_NAME S_NAME as the network path and then click the OK button C_NAME in the network path is the computer name of the E5070B E5071B and S_NAME is the share name...

Page 449: ... USB mass storage device will not work The procedure shows how to enable a USB Mass Storage Device Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Explorer Step 3 Double click EnableUsbStorage exe from D Agilent Service Step 4 Click OK in the SUCCEEDED message window that appears NOTE If you do not want any USB mass storage device to ever be enabled at any time delete EnableUsbStorage exe from the E5070B E5071B after D...

Page 450: ...sc Setup Step 3 Press Key Lock Step 4 Press the corresponding key to switch the lock on off Table 13 1 Softkey Function Front Panel Keyboard Lock Switches the lock for the front panel keys and keyboard on off Touch Screen Mouse Lock Switches the lock for the touch screen and mouse on off NOTE You cannot use a locked device to unlock that same device To unlock the front panel keys keyboard touch sc...

Page 451: ...eeper Sounds a beep tone to prompt the user to use caution When an instrument error occurs An error message appears at the same time When a limit test fails The warning beeper sounds slightly longer than the operation complete beeper Setting the Operation Complete Beeper Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Misc Setup Step 3 Press Beeper Step 4 Press Beep Complete to switch the operation complete beeper on o...

Page 452: ...is extends the life of the backlight when using it continuously over a long period Turning off the LCD Screen Backlight Step 1 Press Step 2 Press Backlight to switch the backlight on off Switching off the backlight causes indications on the LCD screen to be almost invisible The backlight that has been switched off can be turned on again by pressing When the LCD backlight is off works as a key for ...

Page 453: ...p 3 Press Enable Options The serial number is displayed in the softkey menu bar NOTE The serial number can be also checked by following the procedure of Checking other product information Checking other product information The product information installed in the E5070B E5071B can be checked using the following procedure The product information that can be checked are as follows Firmware Revision ...

Page 454: ...448 Chapter13 Setting and Using the Control and Management Functions Checking the product information Figure 13 22 Firmware Revision dialog box Step 3 Press OK to close the dialog box ...

Page 455: ...tion buttons Setting the user preset function You can save the instrument state of the E5070B E5071B into a file in the mass storage and then recall it with the preset function to reproduce that state If no user preset instrument state is stored you cannot set the user preset function For more information on saving instrument states see Saving a user preset instrument state on page 450 Operational...

Page 456: ... To execute the user preset function you must have a preset setting file that has been saved Follow these steps to save a preset instrument state of the E5070B E5071B Operational procedure Step 1 Sets up a preset instrument state you want to save Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Save State Step 4 Pressing User Pres saves the instrument state ...

Page 457: ...advance For information on preparation see Procedure to create the user backup image 1 on page 455 or Procedure to create the user backup image 2 on page 464 for information on the execution Also see Procedure to execute the user recovery function 1 on page 458 or Procedure to execute the user recovery function 2 on page 467 Notes on executing system recovery Executing system recovery causes the f...

Page 458: ...TE You need the keyboard for this operation Step 1 Shut down the E5070B E5071B Step 2 Connect the keyboard to the E5070B E5071B Step 3 Insert the disk for the system recovery into the floppy disk drive of the E5070B E5071B Step 4 Press the standby switch of the E5070B E5071B to turn it on Step 5 When the screen as shown in the figure below appears press and hold of the keyboard until this screen d...

Page 459: ... cancel the factory recovery press here Agilent Technologies System Utilities Recovery Backup Options for the E5070 71B Choose One of the following _________________________________________________________________ 1 Recover Factory Backup Image 2 Create User Backup Image 3 Recover User Backup Image 4 Exit _________________________________________________________________ Enter a Choice _ NOTE If th...

Page 460: ...ftware to complete the backup and recovery process This may take up to 20 minutes depending on the system configuration Press C to Continue or E to Exit _ CAUTION Never turn off the power during the system recovery because doing so may cause serious damage to the E5070B E5071B Step 10 The factory recovery will be complete in about 5 minutes When the factory recovery is complete the message as show...

Page 461: ...on is executed NOTE This function is available when the volume label on the hard disk is CP600 or higher NOTE You need the keyboard for this operation Step 1 Shut down the E5070B E5071B Step 2 Connect the keyboard to the E5070B E5071B Step 3 Insert the disk for the system recovery into the floppy disk drive of the E5070B E5071B Step 4 Press the standby switch of the E5070B E5071B to turn it on Ste...

Page 462: ...ge press here Agilent Technologies System Utilities Recovery Backup Options for the E5070 71B Choose One of the following _________________________________________________________________ 1 Recover Factory Backup Image 2 Create User Backup Image 3 Recover User Backup Image 4 Exit _________________________________________________________________ Enter a Choice _ NOTE If the above message does not a...

Page 463: ...t to cancel the create user backup image press here CAUTION Interrupting this process may leave the system in an unstable state Allow the software to complete the backup and recovery process This may take up to 20 minutes depending on the system configuration Press C to Continue or E to Exit _ CAUTION Never turn off the power during the create user backup image because doing so may cause serious d...

Page 464: ...ackup image 1 on page 455 NOTE This function is available when the volume label on the hard disk is CP600 or higher NOTE You need the keyboard for this operation Step 1 Shut down the E5070B E5071B Step 2 Connect the keyboard to the E5070B E5071B Step 3 Insert the disk for the system recovery into the floppy disk drive of the E5070B E5071B Step 4 Press the standby switch of the E5070B E5071B to tur...

Page 465: ...o cancel the user recovery press here Agilent Technologies System Utilities Recovery Backup Options for the E5070 71B Choose One of the following _________________________________________________________________ 1 Recover Factory Backup Image 2 Create User Backup Image 3 Recover User Backup Image 4 Exit _________________________________________________________________ Enter a Choice _ NOTE If the ...

Page 466: ...yboard to start the user recovery If you want to cancel the user recovery press here CAUTION Interrupting this process may leave the system in an unstable state Allow the software to complete the backup and recovery process This may take up to 20 minutes depending on the system configuration Press C to Continue or E to Exit _ CAUTION Never turn off the power during the system recovery because doin...

Page 467: ...e factory state NOTE You need the keyboard for this operation Step 1 Shut down the E5070B E5071B Step 2 Connect the keyboard to the E5070B E5071B Step 3 Insert the disk for the system recovery into the floppy disk drive of the E5070B E5071B Step 4 Press the standby switch of the E5070B E5071B to turn it on Step 5 When the screen as shown in the figure below appears press and hold of the keyboard u...

Page 468: ...es System Utilities Recovery Backup Options for the E5070 71B Choose One of the following _________________________________________________________________ 1 Recover Factory Backup Image 2 Create User Backup Image 3 Recover User Backup Image 4 Exit _________________________________________________________________ Enter a Choice _ NOTE If the above message does not appear the instrument or the disk...

Page 469: ...an unstable state Allow the software to complete the backup and recovery process This may take up to 20 minutes depending on the system configuration Press C to Continue or E to Exit _ CAUTION Never turn off the power during the system recovery because doing so may cause serious damage to the E5070B E5071B Step 10 The factory recovery will be complete in about 5 minutes When the factory recovery i...

Page 470: ...lable when the volume label on the hard disk is CP600 or higher NOTE You need the keyboard for this operation Step 1 Shut down the E5070B E5071B Step 2 Connect the keyboard to the E5070B E5071B Step 3 Insert the disk for the system recovery into the floppy disk drive of the E5070B E5071B Step 4 Press the standby switch of the E5070B E5071B to turn it on Step 5 When the screen as shown in the figur...

Page 471: ...image press here Agilent Technologies System Utilities Recovery Backup Options for the E5070 71B Choose One of the following _________________________________________________________________ 1 Recover Factory Backup Image 2 Create User Backup Image 3 Recover User Backup Image 4 Exit _________________________________________________________________ Enter a Choice _ NOTE If the above message does no...

Page 472: ...ackup image press here CAUTION Interrupting this process may leave the system in an unstable state Allow the software to complete the backup and recovery process This may take up to 20 minutes depending on the system configuration Press C to Continue or E to Exit _ CAUTION Never turn off the power during the create user backup image because doing so may cause serious damage to the E5070B E5071B St...

Page 473: ... create the user backup image 1 on page 455 NOTE This function is available when the volume label on the hard disk is CP600 or higher NOTE You need the keyboard for this operation Step 1 Shut down the E5070B E5071B Step 2 Connect the keyboard to the E5070B E5071B Step 3 Insert the disk for the system recovery into the floppy disk drive of the E5070B E5071B Step 4 Press the standby switch of the E5...

Page 474: ...es System Utilities Recovery Backup Options for the E5070 71B Choose One of the following _________________________________________________________________ 1 Recover Factory Backup Image 2 Create User Backup Image 3 Recover User Backup Image 4 Exit _________________________________________________________________ Enter a Choice _ NOTE If the above message does not appear the instrument or the disk...

Page 475: ...below appears Press of the keyboard to start the user recovery If you want to cancel the user recovery press here CAUTION Interrupting this process may leave the system in an unstable state Allow the software to complete the backup and recovery process This may take up to 20 minutes depending on the system configuration Press C to Continue or E to Exit _ CAUTION Never turn off the power during the...

Page 476: ...ess Test Menu Step 4 Press Adjust Touch Screen The touch screen calibration screen Figure 13 23 appears Figure 13 23 Touch Panel Calibration Screen Step 5 Touch the x mark on the upper left with your finger The mark x appears also on the lower left upper right and lower right Touch the x marks in that order with your finger Touching the four locations described above with your finger automatically...

Page 477: ...cted can be regarded as a test port which hardly experience transient voltage The following table shows the degree of tolerance to transient voltage of each test with this feature Connect the DUT so that transient voltage is not applied to test ports with low tolerance Table 13 4 Test Port to select Stimulus signal output test port Low tolerance test ports Connected to the instrument s output ampl...

Page 478: ... Port Control function To disable the Initial Source Port Control feature applicable to Rev A 03 54 and later When using the front panel menu Service Init Src Ctrl OFF When using the SCPI command SYSTem ISPControl STATe OFF When using the VBA command SCPI SYSTem ISPControl STATe False ...

Page 479: ...473 14 Controlling E5091A 14 Controlling E5091A This chapter explains how to control the E5091A multiport test set ...

Page 480: ...art number 8120 4782 USB cable supplied with the E5091A Agilent part number 8121 0770 Connecting E5070B E5071B and E5091A As shown in Figure 14 1 connect the USB cable between the rear panel of the E5070B E5071B and that of the E5091A Figure 14 1 Connection between E5070B E5071B and E5091A rear view NOTE Do not switch on off devices connected via the USB ports front or rear panel or connect discon...

Page 481: ...4 2 Connection between E5070B E5071B and E5091A front view Powering on After connecting the E5070B E5071B and the E5091A follow these steps to power both devices on Step 1 Turn on the E5070B E5071B and the E5091A Step 2 Immediately after power on all of the port connection indicator LEDs of the E5091A go on Then after the E5070B E5071B detects the E5091A the LEDs that indicate the connected test p...

Page 482: ...E5091A Displaying the E5091A properties on page 479 Displays the E5091A property to check the port setting Setting control line on page 480 Makes the setting of the control line that controls the DUT Enabling control of E5091A on page 481 Enables functions to control the E5091A Selecting ID for E5091A Set the target ID to the ID of the connected E5091A Step 1 Press Multiport Test Set Setup to disp...

Page 483: ...he softkey refer to the Table 14 2 Table 14 2 The Model you use and the softkey you select E5091_009 E5091_013 E5091_016 E5091A 009 Yes No No E5091A 016 No Yes Yes Assigning test ports Before calibration and measurement you need to assign the test ports of the E5091A You can set the connection ports for each channel and perform measurement while switching the connection for each channel Operationa...

Page 484: ...4 Table 14 5 When the E5091A 016 is Connected Softkey Function Port1 Selects a test port of the E5091A to which you want to connect port 1 of the E5091A You can select the port from A1 A2 A3 A4 A T1 T2 or T3 Port2 Selects a test port of the E5091A to which you want to connect port 2 of the E5091A You can select the port from B1 B2 B3 B4 T1 T2 T3 or T4 Port3 Selects a test port of the E5091A to whi...

Page 485: ...n of the test ports for each channel This is useful when you need to check the test port assignment for example when you perform calibration Figure 14 4 E5091A properties Operational procedure Step 1 Press Multiport Test Set Setup to display the E5091A setup menu Step 2 After the execution of Selecting ID for E5091A on page 476 and Selecting the E5091A Model on page 477 press Property to enable it...

Page 486: ...edure Step 1 Press E5091A Setup to display the E5091A setup menu Step 2 Press or to activate the channel for which you want to set the control line Step 3 After the execution of Selecting ID for E5091A on page 476 and Selecting the E5091A Model on page 477 press Control Lines to display the settings menu for the DUT control line Step 4 Use the corresponding softkey to set the control line of the E...

Page 487: ...e E5070B E5071B needs the additional time about 3 ms to control the E5091A when you have enabled control of the E5091A Operational procedure Step 1 Press Multiport Test Set Setup to display the E5091A setup menu Step 2 After the execution of Selecting ID for E5091A on page 476 and Selecting the E5091A Model on page 477 press Control to enable ON control of the E5091A NOTE The enable ON disable OFF...

Page 488: ...aying the E5091A properties on page 479 to display the E5091A properties Step 3 According to the procedures in Chapter 4 Calibration on page 93 perform the calibration Check the corresponding E5091A test ports shown in the calibration properties as the port names of the E5070B E5071B are displayed on the calibration menu connect the calibration standard to the corresponding test ports of the E5091...

Page 489: ...pt first The connections of the test ports and the output of the control line are switched according to the setting of the channel swept first Measurement Measurement is performed following the procedure below Execute a sweep for the first channel Set the connections of the test ports and the output of the control line according to the settings of the channel swept second Execute a sweep for the s...

Page 490: ...eration to the following items when you make measurements by using two E5091As Set their IDs to different values The instruments will not work correctly if their IDs are the same Connect calibration standards and the DUT only after confirming the connection and port assignment of the E5091As ...

Page 491: ...485 15 Measurement Examples 15 Measurement Examples This chapter introduces examples of actual device measurements made by using the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 492: ...n page 487 The segment sweep conditions are determined according to the characteristics of the DUT 2 Create a Segment Sweep Table on page 488 The segment sweep conditions are entered in the E5070B E5071B 3 Select the Segment Sweep as the Sweep Type on page 490 The segment sweep is selected as the sweep type 4 Execute the Calibration on page 490 A 2 port ECal is performed between the test ports con...

Page 493: ...of SAW bandpass filter 440 MHz to 3 GHz linear sweep The measurement conditions are determined for each frequency range Here the segment sweep is performed following the sweep conditions shown in Table 15 2 Table 15 2 Determining Sweep Conditions using markers shown in Figure 15 1 Frequency Range Measurement Conditions Start Stop Number of Points IF Bandwidth 440 MHz 915 MHz Marker 1 47 70 kHz 915...

Page 494: ...e softkey menu Display of IF bandwidth setting column ON List IFBW turn it ON NOTE When setup items power level delay time sweep mode and sweep time in this case are not displayed in the segment table the setting for the channel in use applies to all segments Step 3 Enter the setup data in the segment table Setup Description Key Operation Moving the focus to the segment table select Segment 1 Star...

Page 495: ...t Examples Figure 15 2 Completed segment table Number of points 55 IF bandwidth 70 kHz Segment 4 Start frequency 1 07 GHz Stop frequency 2 GHz Number of points 93 IF bandwidth 70 kHz Segment 5 Start frequency 2 6 GHz Stop frequency 3 GHz Number of points 41 IF bandwidth 70 kHz Setup Description Key Operation ...

Page 496: ...Description Key Operation Sweep type Segment sweep Sweep Type Segment 4 Execute the Calibration In this step a 2 port ECal is executed on the two ports to be used Step 1 Connect the ECal module across test ports 1 and 2 Figure 15 3 Connecting the ECal module Step 2 Execute the 2 port ECal Setup Description Key Operation Executing a 2 port ECal between test ports 1 and 2 ECal 2 Port ECal 1 2 ...

Page 497: ...nnecting the DUT 6 Execute the Measurement A trigger is applied to perform the measurement Setup Description Key Operation Trigger mode Single Single Or Continuous 7 Define the Setup for Display The choice is made between frequency base and order base as the segment display mode Setup Description Key Operation Segment display Frequency base or order base Segment Display Frequency Base Order Base ...

Page 498: ...492 Chapter15 Measurement Examples Measuring the SAW Bandpass Filter Using the Segment Sweep Figure 15 5 Segment display frequency base Figure 15 6 Segment display order base ...

Page 499: ...ation is executed by using the 2 port ECal module 5 Connect the DUT on page 497 The DUT is connected 6 Define the Setup for Display on page 498 The number of traces to be displayed split display and measurement parameters are specified 7 Execute the Measurement on page 498 A trigger is applied to execute the measurement 8 Define the Setup for the Segment Display and Scale on page 498 The setup for...

Page 500: ...me and sweep time are not entered segment by segment By turning off the display of those parameters on the segment table you can use in each segment without making a change the IF Bandwidth preset value 70 kHz of the channel specified by using IF Bandwidth Power level preset value 0 dBm of the channel specified by using Power Sweep delay time preset value 0 second of the channel specified by using...

Page 501: ... on the three ports used in the measurement Step 1 Connect the USB port of the 2 port ECal module and the USB port of the E5070B E5071B with a USB cable The connection may be made while the unit is powered Step 2 Load and execute the 3 4 port ECal programs Setup Description Key Operation Opening the VBA Project Open dialog box Load Project Loading ECalAssistant VBA Select D Agilent ECalAssistant V...

Page 502: ... 6 Press the Next button The EcalAssistant connection dialog box Figure 15 10 appears Figure 15 10 EcalAssistant connection dialog box Step 7 Connect the ECal module to the test ports according to the instructions in the dialog box and then press Measure Setup Description Key Operation Executing calibration between ports 1 and 2 After making the connections shown in Figure 15 11 a press Measure Ne...

Page 503: ...15 11 Connecting the ECal module Step 8 The EcalAssistant complete dialog box Figure 15 12 appears Press the Done button to terminate the calibration Figure 15 12 ECalAssistant complete dialog box 5 Connect the DUT The DUT is connected to test ports 1 2 and 3 Figure 15 13 Connecting the DUT ...

Page 504: ...33 S33 Trace 5 S11 S11 7 Execute the Measurement A trigger is applied to execute the measurement Setup Description Key Operation Trigger mode Single or continuous Single or Continuous 8 Define the Setup for the Segment Display and Scale The setup for the scale is defined Setup Description Key Operation Segment display Order base Segment Display Order Base Reference Line Position Trace 1 10 Referen...

Page 505: ...ption Key Operation Marker coupling OFF Couple Turn it OFF Activating Trace 1 Marker 1 ON Search Tracking ON Tracking Turn it ON Moving the marker to the trace maximum Max Bandwidth search ON Bandwidth Turn it ON In the example shown in Figure 15 15 insertion loss loss is 1 243 dB and the 3 dB bandwidth BW is 85 53 MHz Step 2 Determine the insertion loss and 3 dB bandwidth for the Rx Setup Descrip...

Page 506: ... the return loss of Tx Setup Description Key Operation Activating Trace 4 Marker 1 ON Search Tracking ON Tracking Turn it ON Moving Marker 1 to the peak in the pass band Peak Search Left or Search Right press as many times as necessary 1 If you cannot move the marker to the desired peak use Peak Excursion to change the peak deviation and then execute the search again Example Peak Excursion 1 In th...

Page 507: ...e the Setup for a Limit Table Follow the steps below to make entries in the limit table Step 1 Display the limit table for Trace 1 S13 Setup Description Key Operation Activating Trace 1 Displaying a limit table Limit Test Edit Limit Line Moving Marker 1 to the peak in the pass band Peak Search Left Search Right press as many times as necessary 1 1 If you cannot move the marker to the desired peak ...

Page 508: ...2 S21 Setup Description Key Operation Activating Trace 2 Step 4 Enter the setup data in the limit table for trace 2 Figure 15 17 Figure 15 17 Completed limit table for trace 2 11 Execute the Limit Test The limit test is executed Step 1 Turn on the limit line and limit test for Trace 1 Setup Description Key Operation Activating Trace 1 Limit Line ON Limit Test Limit Line Turn it ON Limit Test ON Li...

Page 509: ...ace 2 Limit Line ON Limit Line Turn it ON Limit Test ON Limit Test Turn it ON Step 3 Apply a trigger to execute the measurement Setup Description Key Operation Trigger Mode Single Single or Continuous Figure 15 18 Limit test results Step 4 Maximize the screen display of Trace 1 to examine its details Setup Description Key Operation Activating Trace 1 Maximizing the display of Trace 1 ...

Page 510: ...a Duplexer Figure 15 19 Enlarged display of trace 1 Step 5 Maximize the screen display of Trace 2 to examine its details Setup Description Key Operation Activating Trace 2 The display of Trace 2 is maximized Figure 15 20 Enlarged display of trace 2 ...

Page 511: ...nnect the DUT on page 505 The DUT is connected 2 Define the Measurement Conditions on page 506 The measurement conditions are defined 3 Execute the Calibration on page 506 The calibration is executed 4 Connect the DUT and Execute the Auto Scale on page 506 The DUT is connected again to execute the auto scale function 5 Specify the Electrical Delay on page 507 The electrical delay is specified 6 Me...

Page 512: ...ment parameter S21 S21 Data format Expand Phase Expand Phase Executing the Auto Scale Auto Scale 3 Execute the Calibration The THRU response calibration is executed Setup Description Key Operation Executing the THRU response A THRU standard is connected instead of a DUT Calibrate Response Thru Thru Done 4 Connect the DUT and Execute the Auto Scale The DUT is connected again as shown in Figure 15 2...

Page 513: ...ement Examples Figure 15 22 Phase characteristics of the DUT 5 Specify the Electrical Delay The electrical delay is entered to flatten the phase trace Setup Description Key Operation Entering the electrical delay Electrical Delay Flattening a trace Figure 15 23 Entering the electrical delay ...

Page 514: ...ation from a Linear Phase The statistics data is used to read the deviation from a linear phase peak to peak Figure 15 24 Setup Description Key Operation Executing the auto scale Auto Scale Displaying the statistics data Statistics Turn it ON Figure 15 24 Measuring the deviation from a linear phase ...

Page 515: ...the Deviation from a Linear Phase Step Description 1 Connecting the DUT on page 510 The DUT is connected 2 Setting the Measurement Conditions on page 511 The measurement conditions are defined 3 Performing Calibration on page 512 The full 3 port calibration is executed 4 Setting a Balance Conversion Topology on page 513 The balance conversion topology is specified 5 Selecting Measurement Parameter...

Page 516: ...asurement Examples Measuring an Unbalanced and Balanced Bandpass Filter 1 Connecting the DUT Connect the DUT to the E5070B E5071B by using the instrument s three test ports Figure 15 26 Figure 15 26 Connecting the DUT ...

Page 517: ...ed balanced conversion Here set the measurement parameters for observing the characteristics achieved during unbalanced measurements Setting Description Key Operation Preset for setting OK Center frequency 940 MHz Frequency span 200 MHz Number of traces 2 Num of Traces 2 Trace 1 measurement parameter S21 S21 Trace 2 measurement parameter S31 S31 Allocate a trace to upper and lower displays Allocat...

Page 518: ... 1 LOAD Perform Port 2 calibration With the OPEN connected Port 2 OPEN With the SHORT connected Port 2 SHORT With the LOAD connected Port 2 LOAD Perform Port 3 calibration With the OPEN connected Port 3 OPEN With the SHORT connected Port 3 SHORT With the LOAD connected Port 3 LOAD Step 3 Perform a transmission calibration Setting Description Key Operation Select transmission calibration Return Ref...

Page 519: ...o test ports 2 and 3 of the analyzer Port 2 bal 2 3 check only 5 Selecting Measurement Parameters Step 1 Display four traces Setting Description Key Operation Number of traces 4 Number of Traces 4 Trace allocation 4 part split Allocate Traces Step 2 Set the measurement parameter mixed mode S parameter and data format for trace 1 Setting Description Key Operation Fixture simulator ON Fixture Simula...

Page 520: ...ent parameter Sss11 Sss11 Data format Smith chart marker display R jX Smith R jX Step 5 Set the measurement parameter mixed mode S parameter and data format for trace 4 Setting Description Key Operation Unbalanced balanced conversion of trace 4 ON Fixture Simulator BalUn turns it ON Measurement parameter Sdd22 Sdd22 Data format Smith chart marker display R jX Smith R jX Figure 15 28 shows the sett...

Page 521: ...w the procedure below to set port extension for each test port Setting Description Key Operation Port extension of test port 1 260 ps Port Extensions Extension Port 1 Port extension of test port 2 260 ps Extension Port 2 Port extension of test port 3 260 ps Extension Port 3 Port extension ON Extensions turns it ON Figure 15 29 shows the results of extending the calibration reference plane Figure 1...

Page 522: ...nce of test port 3 100 Ω Port 3 Z0 NOTE Always set the reference impedances of the two test ports before balanced conversion to the same value Step 3 Turn on the port reference impedance conversion function Setting Description Key Operation Port reference impedance conversion ON Port Z Conversion turns it ON The reference impedance of the command mode of port 2 on the DUT is set to 50 Ω The impeda...

Page 523: ...ation see Determining the Characteristics that Result from Adding a Matching Circuit to a Differential Port on page 303 Setting Description Key Operation Selecting a matching circuit Shunt L Shunt C Return or Fixture Simulator Diff Matching Select Circuit Shunt L Shunt C Inductance 47 nH L C 0 G 0 R 0 checks that C G and R have been set to 0 Differential matching circuit function ON Diff Matching ...

Page 524: ...e 518 Set the measurement conditions 2 Executing Calibration on page 518 Execute calibration 3 Connecting the DUT on page 519 Connect the DUT 4 Auto Scale on page 519 Execute auto scale 5 Setting the Time Domain Function on page 520 Set the time domain function 1 Setting the Measurement Conditions Follow these steps to set the measurement conditions Setting Description Key Operation Presetting OK ...

Page 525: ...15 Measurement Examples 3 Connecting the DUT Connect the DUT as shown in Figure 15 32 Figure 15 32 Connecting the DUT 4 Auto Scale Execute the auto scale function Setting Description Key Operation Executing auto scale Auto Scale Figure 15 33 Response in frequency domain ...

Page 526: ...in Figure 15 34 A peak indicating a small mismatch appears at the location of the connector Setting Description Key Operation Data format real Real Setting the transformation type to low pass impulse Transform Lowpass Imp Setting the window type to maximum Window Maximum Setting the display range from 0 s to 10 ns Start Stop Enabling the transformation function Transform set to ON Executing auto s...

Page 527: ... 1 Determining Measurement Conditions on page 522 Determine the measurement conditions such as the sweep conditions and measurement ports 2 Setting Channel Window Allocation on page 522 Set the allocation of the channel windows on the screen 3 Setting the Test Ports on page 522 Determine the test port assignment for each channel 4 Setting Control Line on page 523 Set the E5091A s control line 5 Se...

Page 528: ...ine 2 Low S12 Full 2 Port 1 2 4 1 665 GHz 2 015 GHz 101 Line 1 Low Line 2 Low S31 Full 2 Port 1 3 2 Setting Channel Window Allocation Set the screen to split into 2 rows and 2 columns to assign channel windows after preset Setting Description Key Operation Execute preset OK Allocate channel windows Allocate Channels 3 Setting the Test Ports Step 1 Display the E5091A setup menu and select the 9 por...

Page 529: ...control of the E5091A Control set it to ON 4 Setting Control Line Step 1 Set the bits of the control line for channel 1 Setting Description Key Operation Set channel 1 to the active channel Line 1 Low Control Lines check only Line 2 High Control Lines Line 1 set it to High Step 2 Set the control line for channels 2 3 and 4 according to the same procedure as in Step 1 5 Setting Sweep Conditions Ste...

Page 530: ...ce conversion for trace 1 ON BalUn set it to ON Fixture simulator ON Fixture Simulator set it to ON 7 Selecting Measurement Parameter Set the measurement parameter for channel 1 Step 1 Select the measurement parameter for trace 1 of channel 1 Setting Description Key Operation Set channel 1 to the active channel press it until channel 1 is activated Measurement parameter for trace 1 S12 S12 NOTE Th...

Page 531: ...Description Key Operation Switch the active channel Step 3 Check the test ports assigned to ports 1 to 4 in the E5091A properties and connect the 4 port ECal module to those ports Figure 15 36 Connecting the 4 port ECal Step 4 Execute the calibration Setting Description Key Operation Select full 2 port calibration 2 Port ECal Select the port and execute the calibration 1 2 ...

Page 532: ...channels 2 3 and 4 according to the same procedure as in Step 2 to Step 4 NOTE Because the test port assignment setting for channels 1 and 2 and that for channels 3 and 4 are the same you need not change the ECal connection 9 Connecting DUT Connect the DUT as shown in Figure 15 37 Figure 15 37 Connecting 6 port front end module ...

Page 533: ...1 to continuous Setting Description Key Operation Set channel 1 to the active channel Set the trigger mode to continuous Continuous Step 4 Set the trigger mode for channels 2 3 and 4 to continuous according to the same procedure as in Step 3 Step 5 Execute the measurement Setting Description Key Operation Generate a trigger event Trigger Step 6 Repeat the following procedure to execute auto scale ...

Page 534: ...528 Chapter15 Measurement Examples Evaluating Transmission Characteristics of a Front End Module Figure 15 38 Example of measuring a front end module ...

Page 535: ...e power meter s GPIB address with the E5070B E5071B 3 Setting Stimulus Condition on page 530 Sets conditions such as the power level and frequency 4 Executing Zero Adjustment and Calibration of Power Sensor on page 530 Executes zero adjustment and calibration of the power sensor 5 Setting Calibration Data Measurement Conditions on page 530 Selects the port selects the power sensor sets the number ...

Page 536: ...m to 8 dBm Power Power Ranges 40 to 8 Start value 40 dBm Stop value 10 dBm Number of points 61 Points 4 Executing Zero Adjustment and Calibration of Power Sensor Execute the zero adjustment and calibration of the power sensor according to the E4418B Power Meter User s Guide 5 Setting Calibration Data Measurement Conditions Follow these steps to set the calibration data measurement conditions Setti...

Page 537: ...es 6 Connecting Power Sensor Connect the power sensor as shown in Figure 15 40 Figure 15 40 Connecting power sensor 7 Measuring Calibration Data Follow this step to measure the calibration data Setting Description Key Operation Measuring calibration data Power Calibration Take Cal Sweep ...

Page 538: ...532 Chapter15 Measurement Examples Executing Power Calibration ...

Page 539: ...16 Specifications and Supplemental Information 16 Specifications and Supplemental Information This chapter provides specifications and supplemental information for the Agilent E5070B E5071B Network Analyzer ...

Page 540: ... measurement uncertainties and changes in performance due to environmental conditions Supplemental information is intended to provide information that is helpful for using the instrument but that is not guaranteed by the product warranty This information is denoted as either typical or nominal Typical typ Expected performance of an average unit that does not include guardbands It is not guaranteed...

Page 541: ...300 kHz to 3 MHz IF bandwidth 3 kHz 85 dB 3 MHz to 1 5 GHz 95 dB 98 dB 1 5 GHz to 3 GHz 97 dB 100 dB 3 GHz to 4 GHz 96 dB 99 dB 4 GHz to 6 GHz 92 dB 94 dB 6 GHz to 7 5 GHz 87 dB 90 dB 7 5 GHz to 8 5 GHz 80 dB 83 dB 300 kHz to 3 MHz IF bandwidth 10 Hz 110 dB 3 MHz to 1 5 GHz 120 dB 123 dB 1 5 GHz to 3GHz 122 dB 125 dB 3 GHz to 4 GHz 121 dB 124 dB 4 GHz to 6 GHz 117 dB 119 dB 6 GHz to 7 5 GHz 112 dB...

Page 542: ... C with 1 C deviation from calibration temperature Isolation calibration not omitted Description Specification dB 3 MHz to 3 GHz 3 GHz to 6 GHz 6 GHz to 8 5 GHz Directivity 49 40 38 Source Match 41 36 35 Load Match 49 40 37 Reflection Tracking 0 011 0 032 0 054 Transmission Tracking 0 016 0 062 0 088 Transmission Uncertainty Specification Reflection Uncertainty Specification 536 Chapter16 Specific...

Page 543: ... 5 C with 1 C deviation from calibration temperature Isolation calibration not omitted Description Specification dB 3 MHz to 3 GHz 3 GHz to 6 GHz 6 GHz to 8 5 GHz Directivity 52 52 47 Source Match 45 41 36 Load Match 47 44 39 Reflection Tracking 0 040 0 060 0 070 Transmission Tracking 0 039 0 069 0 136 Transmission Uncertainty Specification Reflection Uncertainty Specification Chapter 16 537 Speci...

Page 544: ... 5 C with 1 C deviation from calibration temperature Isolation calibration not omitted Description Specification dB 3 MHz to 3 GHz 3 GHz to 6 GHz 6 GHz to 8 5 GHz Directivity 46 38 38 Source Match 43 37 36 Load Match 46 38 38 Reflection Tracking 0 006 0 009 0 010 Transmission Tracking 0 016 0 065 0 079 Transmission Uncertainty Specification Reflection Uncertainty Specification 538 Chapter16 Specif...

Page 545: ... C 5 C with 1 C deviation from calibration temperature Isolation calibration not omitted Description Specification dB 3 MHz to 3 GHz 3 GHz to 6 GHz 6 GHz to 8 5 GHz Directivity 52 51 47 Source Match 44 39 34 Load Match 47 44 40 Reflection Tracking 0 030 0 050 0 070 Transmission Tracking 0 039 0 069 0 117 Transmission Uncertainty Specification Reflection Uncertainty Specification Chapter 16 539 Spe...

Page 546: ...able 16 6 Uncorrected System Performance Correction Off System Correction On Description Specification 3 MHz to 3 GHz 3 GHz to 6 GHz 6 GHz to 8 5 GHz Directivity 25 dB 20 dB 15 dB Source Match 25 dB 20 dB 15 dB Load Match 17 dB 12 dB 10 dB Transmission Tracking 1 0 dB 1 0 dB 1 0 dB Reflection Tracking 1 0 dB 1 0 dB 1 0 dB ...

Page 547: ...z to 10 MHz 10 MHz to 8 5 GHz 0 650 dB at 0 dBm 50 MHz absolute Source attenuator 0 dB 1 0 dB at 0 dBm relative to 50 MHz reference Source attenuator 0 dB 1 0 dB at 0 dBm relative to 50 MHz reference Source attenuator 0 dB Level Accuracy high temperature mode ON 300 kHz to 8 5 GHz 0 8 dB at 0 dBm 50 MHz absolute Source attenuator 0 dB 1 5 dB at 0 dBm relative to 50 MHz reference Source attenuator ...

Page 548: ...m to 7 dBm 15 dBm to 5 dBm 50 dBm to 10 dBm 50 dBm to 9 dBm 50 dBm to 7 dBm 50 dBm to 5 dBm non harmonics spurious may limit power range Sweep Range Source attenuator 0 dB 300 kHz to 3 GHz 3 GHz to 4 25 GHz 4 25 GHz to 6 GHz 6 GHz to 8 5 GHz 15 dBm to 10 dBm 15 dBm to 9 dBm 15 dBm to 7 dBm 15 dBm to 5 dBm 20 dBm to 10 dBm 20 dBm to 9 dBm 20 dBm to 7 dBm 20 dBm to 5 dBm Level Resolution 0 05 dB Tab...

Page 549: ... 4 25 GHz 4 25 GHz to 6 GHz 6 GHz to 8 5 GHz 10 dBm 9 dBm 7 dBm 5 dBm Damage Level 300 kHz to 8 5 GHz RF 20 dBm 1 The damage level for the case that more than two signal spectra are applied like mixer measurement is summed amplitude of 6 3 Vp p is the damage level 1 10 VDC Source attenuator 0 dB 25 VDC Source attenuator 5 dB or more typical Crosstalk 2 Response calibration not omitted 2 3 MHz to 3...

Page 550: ...perature mode ON typical 7 5 GHz to 8 5 GHz source power level 5 dBm 6 mdB rms 23 C 5 C 9 6 mdB rms high temperature mode ON typical Trace Noise 1 Phase 300 kHz to 3 MHz source power level 10 dBm 0 035 rms 23 C 5 C typical 0 05 rms high temperature mode ON typical 3 MHz to 3 GHz source power level 10 dBm 0 007 rms 23 C 5 C typical 0 02 rms high temperature mode ON typical 3 GHz to 4 25 GHz source ...

Page 551: ... GHz 0 04 dB C at 23 C 5 C typical Stability Phase 1 3 MHz to 3 GHz 0 1 C at 23 C 5 C typical 3 GHz to 6 GHz 0 2 C at 23 C 5 C typical 6 GHz to 8 5 GHz 0 8 C at 23 C 5 C typical Table 16 13 Test Port Input Dynamic Accuracy Accuracy of the test port input power reading is relative to 10 dBm reference input power level Specification Supplemental Information Chapter 16 545 Specifications and Suppleme...

Page 552: ...e following graph shows group delay accuracy with type N full 2 port calibration and a 10 Hz IF bandwidth Insertion loss is assumed to be 2 dB In general the following formula can be used to determine the accuracy in seconds of specific group delay measurement Phase Accuracy deg 360 Aperture Hz 546 Chapter16 Specifications and Supplemental Information Test Port Input 1 Group delay is computed by m...

Page 553: ...o 100 kHz Nominal settings are 10 15 20 30 40 50 70 100 150 200 300 400 500 700 1k 1 5k 2k 3k 4k 5k 7k 10k 15k 20k 30k 40k 50k 70k 100kHz Table 16 16 Front Panel Information Description Supplemental Information RF Connectors Type Type N female 50 Ω nominal Display Size 10 4 in TFT color LCD Resolution VGA 640 480 1 Valid pixels are 99 99 and more Below 0 01 approx 30 points of fixed points of blac...

Page 554: ... 0 dBm 3 dB into 50 Ω typical Output Impedance 50 Ω nominal VGA Video Output 15 pin mini D Sub female drives VGA compatible monitors GPIB 24 pin D Sub Type D 24 female compatible with IEEE 488 Parallel Port 36 pin D Sub Type 1284 C female provides connection to printers USB Host Port Universal Serial Bus jack Type A configuration 4 contacts inline contact 1 on left female provides connection to pr...

Page 555: ...8 CISPR 11 1997 A1 1999 EN 55011 1998 A1 1999 Group 1 Class A IEC 61000 4 2 1995 EN 61000 4 2 1995 A1 1998 4 kV CD 8 kV AD IEC 61000 4 3 1995 EN 61000 4 3 1996 A1 1998 3 V m 80 1000 MHz 80 AM IEC 61000 4 4 1995 EN 61000 4 4 1995 1 kV power 0 5 kV Signal IEC 61000 4 5 1995 EN 61000 4 5 1995 0 5 kV Normal 1 kV Common IEC 61000 4 6 1996 EN 61000 4 6 1996 3 V 0 15 80 MHz 80 AM IEC 61000 4 11 1994 EN 6...

Page 556: ... marking requirements The affixed label indicates that you must not discard this electrical electronic product in domestic household waste Product Category With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE Directive Annex I this product is classed as a Monitoring and Control instrumentation product Do not dispose in domestic household waste To return unwanted products contact your local Agilent of...

Page 557: ...imum 5 Hz to 500 Hz Non Operating Storage Environment Temperature 10 C to 60 C Humidity 20 to 90 at wet bulb temperature 40 C non condensing Altitude 0 to 4 572 m 0 to 15 000 feet Vibration 0 5 G maximum 5 Hz to 500 Hz Dimensions See Figure 16 1 through Figure 16 5 Weight Net 17 5 kg Option 213 214 nominal 19 5 kg Option 413 414 nominal Chapter 16 551 Specifications and Supplemental Information Ge...

Page 558: ...ifications and Supplemental Information General Information Figure 16 2 Dimensions front view E5071B with Option 313 in millimeters nominal Figure 16 3 Dimensions front view E5071B with Option 213 in millimeters nominal ...

Page 559: ...ons and Supplemental Information General Information 16 Specifications and Supplemental Information Figure 16 4 Dimensions rear view with Option 1E5 in millimeters nominal Figure 16 5 Dimensions side view in millimeters nominal ...

Page 560: ...554 Chapter16 Specifications and Supplemental Information General Information Figure 16 6 Dimensions top view in millimeters nominal ...

Page 561: ...00 kHz IF bandwidth Uncorrected 19 24 24 24 2 port cal 37 46 48 50 Table 16 21 Typical Cycle Time for Measurement Completion ms 1 2 1 Typical performance Number of Points 51 201 401 1601 Start 1 GHz Stop 1 2 GHz 100 kHz IF bandwidth Uncorrected 4 6 8 22 2 port cal 5 10 16 56 Start 300 kHz Stop 3 GHz 100 kHz IF bandwidth Uncorrected 11 12 13 23 2 port cal 20 24 25 55 Start 300 kHz Stop 8 5 GHz 100 ...

Page 562: ...f Points 1 2 Number of Points Sweep mode Fast Swept System error correction OFF Sweep mode Fast Swept System error correction ON Sweep mode Std Stepped System error correction ON 3 4 4 4 11 4 4 4 51 4 4 7 101 4 5 11 201 5 6 17 401 8 8 29 801 11 13 52 1601 18 23 90 556 Chapter16 Specifications and Supplemental Information Measurement Throughput Summary 1 Typical performance 2 Sweep mode Std Stepped...

Page 563: ...I over 100 Mbps LAN SICL LAN 2 REAL 64 4 4 5 8 ASCII 6 14 26 95 SCPI over USB SICL USB 3 Measured using a VEE 7 0 program running on a 500 MHz Pentium III DELL Opt Plex Transferred complex S11 data using CALC 1 16 DATA FDAT 3 REAL 64 4 4 5 8 ASCII 6 14 26 95 4 Measured using an E5070B E5071B VBA macro running inside the analyzer Transferred complex S11 data COM 4 Variant type 1 1 1 1 Chapter 16 55...

Page 564: ...arameters into reflection impedance transmission impedance reflection admittance transmission admittance and 1 S Data formats Log magnitude linear magnitude phase extended phase positive phase group delay SWR real imaginary Smith chart polar Data markers 10 independent markers per trace Reference marker available for delta marker operation Smith chart format includes 5 marker formats linear magnit...

Page 565: ...tion 214 314 414 to 10 dBm The power slope function and the power calibration function compensate source power level error Trace functions Display data Display current measurement data memory data or current measurement and memory data simultaneously Trace math Vector addition subtraction multiplication or division of measured complex values and memory data Title Add custom title to each channel w...

Page 566: ...ssion measurements Enhanced response Compensates for frequency response and source match errors One port calibration Available on test port 1 port 2 port 3 or port 4 to correct for directivity frequency response and source match errors Full 2 port 3 port 4 port calibration TRL calibration Compensates for directivity source match reflection tracking load match transmission tracking and crosstalk Cr...

Page 567: ...reen interface Opt 016 or a mouse interface Limit lines Define the test limit lines that appear on the display for pass fail testing Defined limits may be any combination of horizontal sloping lines and discrete data points Fixture Simulator Balanced unbalanced conversion Convert data from single ended measurement to balanced measurement parameters mixed mode S parameters balance parameter or CMRR...

Page 568: ...ecuted from within the analyzer via COM component object model or using SCPI Controlling via GPIB The GPIB interface operates to IEEE 488 2 and SCPI protocols The analyzer can be controlled by a GPIB external controller The analyzer can control external devices using a USB GPIB interface LAN Standard conformity 10 Base T or 100 Base TX automatically switched Ethertwist RJ45 connector Protocol TCP ...

Page 569: ...563 17 Measurement Accessories 17 Measurement Accessories This chapter introduces the accessories that can be used with the Agilent E5070B E5071B for various measurements ...

Page 570: ...es are used to connect the DUT and the network analyzer N6314A 50 Ω N Type RF Cable 300 kHz 9 GHz An RF cable 610 mm in length with male N type connectors on both ends N6315A 50 Ω N Type RF Cable 300 kHz 9 GHz An RF cable 610 mm in length with a male and a female N type connector on each end ...

Page 571: ... the nearest Agilent Technology sales office or the supplier of your analyzer for more information before placing an order For Devices with N Type Connectors Coaxial Mechanical Calibration Kits 85032F Mechanical Calibration Kit N Type 50 Ω 30 kHz 9 GHz The 85032F kit includes the following items Agilent Cat No Description 85032 60017 50 Ω N type m terminated 85032 60018 50 Ω N type f terminated 85...

Page 572: ...Calibration Kit N Type 75 Ω dc 3 GHz The 85036B kit includes the following items Agilent Cat No Description 00909 60019 75 Ω N type m broadband load 00909 60020 75 Ω N type f broadband load 85036 60012 75 Ω N type m short 85036 60011 75 Ω N type f short 85032 60007 75 Ω N type m open 85032 20001 75 Ω N type f open body 85036 60019 75 Ω N type f open center conductor extender 85036 60013 75 Ω N typ...

Page 573: ...rt ECal Module 300 kHz 9 GHz Option Description Option M0F Module with 50 Ω N type m N type f connectors Option 00M Module with 50 Ω N type m N type m connectors Option 00F Module with 50 Ω N type f N type f connectors N4431A RF Four Port ECal Module 300 kHz 9 GHz Option Description Option 020 Module with four 50 Ω N type f connectors ...

Page 574: ... 85033 60021 3 5 mm f short 8710 1761 Torque wrench Also the following options are available for the 85033E Option Agilent Cat No Description Option 100 85027 60005 With a 3 5 mm f f adaptor Option 200 85027 60007 With a 3 5 mm m m adaptor Option 300 85027 60006 With a 3 5 mm m f adaptor Option 400 1250 1744 With a 3 5 mm f to N type 50 Ω m adaptor 1250 1743 With a 3 5 mm m to N type 50 Ω m adapto...

Page 575: ...52 60032 3 5 mm f f adaptor 85052 60033 3 5 mm m m adaptor 85052 60034 3 5 mm f m adaptor 85052 60035 3 5 mm high precision short airline 85052 60036 3 5 mm high precision long airline 85052D Economy Mechanical Calibration Kit 3 5 mm 45 MHz to 26 5 GHz The 85052D kit includes the following items Agilent Cat No Description 00902 60003 3 5 mm m terminated 00902 60004 3 5 mm f terminated 85052 60006 ...

Page 576: ...Cal Module 300 kHz 9 GHz Option Description Option M0F Module with 3 5 mm m 3 5 mm f connectors Option 00M Module with 3 5 mm m 3 5 mm m connectors Option 00F Module with 3 5 mm f 3 5 mm f connectors N4431A RF Four Port ECal Module 300 kHz 9 GHz Option Description Option 010 Module with four 3 5 mm f connectors ...

Page 577: ... Mechanical Calibration Kit 7 mm 50 Ω 45 MHz 18 GHz The 85050C kit includes the following items Agilent Cat No Description 00909 60008 7 mm lowband load 85050 60003 7 mm airline 85050 60005 TRL 7 mm 7mm adaptor 85050 60006 7 mm broadband load 85050 80008 7 mm short threaded center conductor style 85050 80009 7 mm short collet style 85052 80010 7 mm open 85050D Mechanical Calibration Kit 7 mm 50 Ω ...

Page 578: ...038 80004 7 16 f short 85038 80003 7 16 m open 85038 80002 7 16 f open 85038F Mechanical Calibration Kit 7 16 50 Ω DC 7 5 GHz The 85038F kit includes the following items Agilent Cat No Description 85038 80006 7 16 f broadband load 85038 80004 7 16 f short 85038 80002 7 16 f open 11906 80016 7 16 f f adaptor 85038M Mechanical Calibration Kit 7 16 50 Ω DC 7 5 GHz The 85038M kit includes the followin...

Page 579: ...at No Description 1250 1744 3 5 mm f to N type 50 Ω m adaptor 1250 1743 3 5 mm m to N type 50 Ω m adaptor 1250 1745 3 5 mm f to N type 50 Ω f adaptor 1250 1750 3 5 mm m to N type 50 Ω f adaptor 11854A 50 Ω BNC Accessory Kit The 11854A kit includes the following items Agilent Cat No Description 1250 0929 BNC m short 1250 1473 BNC m to N type m adaptor kit two adaptors 1250 1474 BNC f to N type f ad...

Page 580: ...kit Option 1CP please follow the prescribed procedure or it could result in damage the instrument Please refer to the Installation and Quick Start Guide chapter 2 how to Install the Rack mount and Handle Kit Option 1CP for more detail GP IB Cables The following GPIB cables can be used to connect the analyzer with an external device such as a computer 10833A GPIB cable 1 0 m 3 3 ft 10833B GPIB cabl...

Page 581: ...575 18 Information on Maintenance 18 Information on Maintenance This chapter explains the measures you should take to maintain the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 582: ...e 367 for making a copy Making backup files on the hard disk of an external PC You can make backup files on the hard disk of an external PC using following methods You can access to drive D of the E5070B E5071B from an external PC via LAN and copy your important data files on the drive D to the external PC See Accessing Hard Disk of E5070B E5071B from External PC on page 440 for details You can tr...

Page 583: ...u purchase the E5070U E5071U Opt018 hard disk drive Removing Removable Hard Disk Follow the steps below to remove a removable hard disk CAUTION Before removing a hard disk you must turn off the unit s power and then disconnect the power cord from the outlet Step 1 Unscrew the four screws that hold the cover panel 1 in Figure 18 1 P N 0515 2146 Step 2 Remove the panel Step 3 Unscrew the four screws...

Page 584: ...578 Chapter18 Information on Maintenance Removing Mounting Removable Hard Disk Figure 18 1 Mounting Removing Removable Hard Disk 1 Figure 18 2 Mounting Removing Removable Hard Disk 2 ...

Page 585: ... removable hard disk Step 1 Turn on the E5070B E5071B Step 2 Press Step 3 Press Load Project in the softkey menu Step 4 A dialog box appears for you to select the program to be loaded Select RestoreSysCorFile vba from the D Agilent Service folder and then press the Open button Step 5 Press Step 6 The RestoreSysCorFile dialog box appears Figure 18 3 Click OK Figure 18 3 RestoreSysCorFile Dialog Box...

Page 586: ... cleaning cloth To clean a touch screen type LCD Option 016 do not wet the cloth with water Maintenance of Test Ports and Other Connectors Ports Test ports on the front panel of the E5070B E5071B are fitted with N Type connectors f Stains or other damage to these connectors would significantly affect the accuracy in measurements in the RF range Always pay attention to the following precautions Alw...

Page 587: ...ging hard disk drives causes the contents written after shipment from the factory LAN setup etc to be initialized to the state at the time of shipment The programs and data stored in Drive D user directory are erased 1 5 years or 20 000 operating hours whichever comes earlier 3 years Floppy disk drive 2 The service life may be significantly shorter when used in a dusty and dirty environ ment 2 5 y...

Page 588: ...cannot be recovered Devices to be Sent Back for Repair or Regular Calibration If it is necessary to send the unit to the Service Center of Agilent Technologies for repair or regular calibration please follow the instructions below Equipment to be Sent When requesting repair or regular calibration of the unit by our Service Center send only the E5070B E5071B main unit without any installed option y...

Page 589: ...uired to adapt this manual to versions or configurations of the E5070B E5071B manufactured earlier than the current printing date of this manual The information in this manual applies directly to E5070B E5071B units having the serial number printed on the title page of this manual ...

Page 590: ...B MY42100407 E5071B Change 2 MY421 JP1KK Change 5 MY422 Change 6 MY423 Change 9 Table A 2 Manual Changes by Firmware Version Version Make Manual Changes A 03 0x Change 1 A 03 53 Change 3 A 03 54 Change 4 A 03 62 Change 7 A 04 00 Change 8 A 05 00 Change 10 A 06 00 Change 11 12 13 A 06 50 Change 14 The ten character serial number is stamped on the serial number plate Figure A 1 on the rear panel Fig...

Page 591: ...Averaging trigger function o Function of tolerance setting at power calibration o Function of trigger source setting at calibration o Function of data saving in touchstone format by using front panel o Function of simplified full 3 4 port calibration by using front panel o Simplified 3 4 port TRL calibration function o Partial overwrite function Change 12 For the TRL LRM calibration with the firmw...

Page 592: ...value of the line at the thru definition and then measure the thru calibration data by using the line standard Note on Use Set the power level to 10 dBm or less in order to accurately measure a DUT close to the open or short state Operating Procedure 1 Setting stimulus conditions Set the stimulus conditions of the channel for which you perform the calibration For information on the setting procedu...

Page 593: ...Port Select test ports 1 in Figure A 3 NOTE For more information on starting VBA macro see Operating Procedure on page 586 Figure A 3 TRL LRM main control panel NOTE The TRL LRM calibration VBA macro automatically detects the ENA s active channel and calibration is performed for the active channel 2 Defining Calibration Kit Define the calibration kit you use Step 1 Press the Define Cal kit button ...

Page 594: ... 4 and enter a delay value 3 in Figure A 4 in ps Thru Enter a delay value 4 in Figure A 4 in ps If necessary also enter its offset loss value 5 in Figure A 4 in Gohm sec Match Enter a frequency range 6 in Figure A 4 in GHz Check the match you use for calibration 7 in Figure A 4 Line You can define 3 lines Line 1 Line 2 and Line 3 Enter a delay value 8 in Figure A 4 in ps and enter a frequency rang...

Page 595: ... dat to the default definition file in order to restore the default definition file to its factory shipped condition Do not change D Agilent Trldata SysDefault dat Initializing calibration kit definition Press the default button 13 in Figure A 4 to recall the definition of a calibration kit from the default definition file D Agilent Data TRL_LRM_cal Default dat Step 3 Press the Close button 14 in ...

Page 596: ... appears at the Reflection1 button Step 6 Connect the Reflection standard to test port 2 and press the Reflection2 button The reflection measurement is performed and an asterisk appears at the Reflection2 button and then a check mark v also appears on the Reflection button Step 7 Press the Match button 4 in Figure A 6 Step 8 Connect the Match standard to test port 1 and press the Match1 button The...

Page 597: ...not available Step 14 When all of the necessary calibration measurements are completed press the Update Cal Coef button 7 in Figure A 6 The calibration coefficient is calculated and the error correction is turned ON In the calibration property display ON OFF with Cal Property the state is indicated by F same as full n port SOLT calibration 4 Closing macro Press the X button 8 in Figure A 6 to exit...

Page 598: ...and Line keys do not appear go back to the calibration kit definition menu and confirm that the frequency range definitions of match and lines are correctly entered to cover the ENA s measurement frequency range NOTE In multiport TRL LRM calibration the through and line calibration measurements are not performed for all of the paths among the test ports The following table shows the measured paths...

Page 599: ...1 Measure calibration data In this example 3 port TRL LRM calibration for test ports 1 2 and 3 1 in Figure A 8 is performed by using the Match Line 1 and Line 2 standards Figure A 8 Performing multiport TRL LRM calibration Step 2 Press the Thru button 2 in Figure A 8 Step 3 Make the through condition for test ports 1 and 2 and press the Thru 1 2 button 1 in Figure A 9 The through measurement is pe...

Page 600: ...Match1 button The match measurement is performed and an asterisk appears at the Match1 button Step 11 Connect the Match standard to test port 2 and press the Match2 button The match measurement is performed and an asterisk appears at the Match2 button Step 12 Connect the Match standard to test port 3 and press the Match3 button The match measurement is performed and an asterisk appears at the Matc...

Page 601: ...e is indicated by F same as full n port SOLT calibration 4 Closing macro Press the X button 9 in Figure A 9 to exit from the macro Change11 With the firmware version A 06 00 or lower follow the steps below to save measurement data into a file in Touchstone format Saving data in Touchstone format Use the following VBA macro to save measurement data into a file in Touchstone format Folder VBA macro ...

Page 602: ... ports 1 in Figure A 10 and test ports 2 in Figure A 10 NOTE You can selects 1 port or 2 ports as the number of ports when the maximum number of channels traces is 16 channels 4 traces or 12 channels 6 traces Step 2 Select a channel 3 in Figure A 10 NOTE The channel selected in this step has no relation to the active channel Step 3 Select the data saving format 4 in Figure A 10 real imaginary RI r...

Page 603: ...ppears Specify a file name and press the Save button Step 6 When saving to the file is complete the start screen appears again 3 Closing VBA macro Step 1 Press the Close button 6 in Figure A 10 to exit from the macro Data structure in Touchstone file Figure A 11 through Figure A 14 show the data structure of a file saved in Touchstone format The content of the file is text data which is ready to b...

Page 604: ...598 AppendixA Manual Changes Manual Changes Figure A 12 Two port Touchstone file Figure A 13 Three port Touchstone file ...

Page 605: ...y position where the marker values are displayed o Function to align the marker values o User recovery function 1 o TRL calibration by softkeys o Function to set the waveguide as the media type o Loss correction o Function to automaticall calculate the port extension and loss values o Function to turn off the auto detect function of the Ecal module Manual setting is available o Conversion function...

Page 606: ... files of the calibration standard o Function to set the number of measurement points to a maximum of 20001 1 Change 9 The equipment with prefix MY423 or earlier does not support the USB USBTMC interface port nor the removable hard disk function Please refer to the following specifications for the rear view and the side view Figure A 15 Dimensions rear view with Option 1E5 in millimeters nominal 1...

Page 607: ...quency information appearing as asterisks o Disable USB mass storage devices Change 7 The firmware revision A 03 62 or below does not support the following functions Please delete the descriptions about these functions in this manual o Scalar mixer calibration o Vector mixer calibration o Absolute measurement function and receiver calibration o Frequency offset function including the avoid spuriou...

Page 608: ... 5 GHz RF 20 dBm 14 VDC Source attenuator 0 dB 25 VDC Source attenuator 5 dB or more typical Change 5 Use Following specifications for the serial prefix MY421 and JP1KK Table A 4 System Dynamic Range Description Specification Supplemental Information System Dynamic Range 1 2 300 kHz to 3 MHz IF bandwidth 3 kHz 85 dB 3 MHz to 1 5 GHz 95 dB 98 dB 1 5 GHz to 4 GHz 97 dB 100 dB 4 GHz to 6 GHz 93 dB 95...

Page 609: ...Bm relative to 50 MHz reference Level Accuracy swept mode 300 kHz to 4 25 GHz 4 25 GHz to 8 5 GHz 2 5 dB at 0 dBm relative to 50 MHz reference 3 5 dB at 0 dBm relative to 50 MHz reference Level Linearity 23 C 5 C 10 MHz to 4 25 GHz 4 25 GHz to 6 GHz 6 GHz to 8 5 GHz 0 75 dB at 15 dBm to 10 dBm 0 75 dB at 15 dBm to 8 dBm 0 75 dB at 15 dBm to 6 dBm Level Linearity high temperature mode ON 300 kHz to...

Page 610: ... dB 90 dB 1 Source output performance on port 1 only Other port output performance is typical Table A 7 Test Port Input Trace Noise Description Specification Supplemental Information Trace Noise 1 Magnitude 300 kHz to 3 MHz source power level 10 dBm 5 mdB rms typical 8 mdB rms high temperature mode ON typical 3 MHz to 4 25 GHz source power level 10 dBm 1 mdB rms 23 C 5 C 4 mdB rms high temperature...

Page 611: ...not support the following functions Please delete the descriptions about these functions in this manual o User Characterized ECal o Confidence check on calibration coefficients using ECal o 4 port network embedding de embedding Fixture simulator 300 kHz to 3 MHz source power level 10 dBm 0 035 rms 23 C 5 C typical 0 05 rms high temperature mode ON typical 3 MHz to 4 25 GHz source power level 10 dB...

Page 612: ...606 AppendixA Manual Changes Manual Changes o Simplified full 3 4 port calibration o Loading and executing program in batch process ...

Page 613: ...Troubleshooting This Chapter describes the steps to take in troubleshooting when your Agilent E5070B E5071B appears to be operating improperly Explanations are also given for the error warning messages displayed on the screen ...

Page 614: ...ustomer Contact listed at the end of this guide or the company from which you bought the device The system starts up but the normal measurement screen does not appear The system starts up but it automatically shuts down immediately The system starts up but it enters the service mode The instrument status bar in the lower right part of the screen displays SVC in red The measurement screen appears a...

Page 615: ...t Technology s Customer Contact listed at the end of this guide or the company from which you bought the device A Clearly Abnormal Measurement Value The measurement value is not reproducible or clearly abnormal Confirm that the DUT connection cables and other parts are connected correctly Confirm that the connectors and cables used to connect the DUT are free from damage and poor contact Confirm t...

Page 616: ...d and all of the front panel keys keyboard mouse and touch screen Option 016 are inoperable Press the standby switch to turn off the power once and restart the system When a similar symptom reappears there is a possibility of a failure Contact Agilent Technology s Customer Contact listed at the end of this guide or the company from which you bought the device The System Freezes while in Operation ...

Page 617: ...x B 611 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting B Troubleshooting possibility of a failure Contact Agilent Technology s Customer Contact listed at the end of this guide or the company from which you bought the device ...

Page 618: ...n page 620 to appear Confirm that the power to the printer is on and that the line cable is connected correctly Confirm that the connector cable of the printer is connected correctly Confirm that the printer is online Confirm that the printer has not run out of paper Confirm that the printer has not run out of ink When taking all these measures does not result in printer output there is a possibil...

Page 619: ...libration coefficient using SENS CORR COLL SAVE or SENS CORR OFFS COLL SAVE Be sure to measure all necessary calibration data before sending commands This error is not generated by front key operations B 168 Block data not allowed An block data element has been received at a position where this instrument does not accept one C 240 Calibration data lost This error occurs when a file containing the ...

Page 620: ...ds the range of 9 9e37 to 9 9e37 for example This error occurs also when a numeric value other than a specified one is entered into a command in which the port number and CalKit number are specified as parameters and hence the parameters are not rounded Such commands are for example CALC FSIM BAL TOP BBAL PPOR SENS CORR COLL ACQ OPEN SENS CORR COLL ECAL SOLT3 SENS CORR COLL CKIT ORD LOAD etc 104 D...

Page 621: ...ommand fails 104 Failed to create directory This error occurs when creating a directory MMEM MDIR command fails 103 Failed to delete file This error occurs when deleting a file MMEM DEL command fails 100 Failed to read file This error occurs when a 2 port touchstone file CALC FSIM SEND PMC PORT USER FIL command the formatted data array MMEM LOAD FDAT command and limit table MMEM STOR LIM command f...

Page 622: ... frequency offset is enabled SENS OFFS ON 25 Frequency offset not enabled This error occurs when the scalar mixer calibration SENS CORR OFFS COLL OPEN etc is performed under the condition of the frequency offset is not enabled SENS OFFS OFF 62 Frequency out of range This error occurs when the setting of frequency exceeds output frequency range under the condition of the frequency offset is enabled...

Page 623: ...the character data element or the parameter received is not valid 121 Invalid character in number A character that is invalid for the data type subject to syntactic analysis has been received For example a letter is found in a decimal numeric value or a numeric character 9 in octal data 500 Invalid equation expression This error occurs when the invalid equation is specified in the equation of the ...

Page 624: ... been entered Enter command parameters correctly N 70 No GPIB system controller The GPIB system controller is not set properly This error occurs when USB GPIB interface is not connected or the interface setting is improper during the measurement for power calibration data or for that in scalar mixer calibration It also occurs when USB GPIB interface is not connected or the interface setting is imp...

Page 625: ...r the instrument receives the message as the number of parameters is invalid See the command reference to confirm the required number of parameters 41 Peak not found This error occurs when after specifying a peak and executing the CALC MARK FUNC EXEC and CALC FUNC EXEC commands the specified peak is not found in the marker search analysis 220 Phase lock loop unlocked This error occurs when the PLL...

Page 626: ...ng the receiver in the worst case Should this error occur with a passive part used as the DUT or with nothing connected to the test port this instrument is faulty Contact an Agilent Technology sales office or the company from which you bought the instrument If this error occurs the stimulus signal output is automatically turned to off 73 Power meter not settled The measurement value of the power m...

Page 627: ...400 Query error A comprehensive query error has occurred showing that this instrument cannot detect a more detailed error This code simply shows that a query error defined in 11 5 1 1 7 and 6 3 IEEE488 2 has occurred 410 Query INTERRUPTED The state that generates a INTERRUPTED Query error see 6 3 2 3 IEEE488 1 This error occurs when data bytes DAB or GET are received before the transmission of the...

Page 628: ...ient type of the parameter specified in the read write command of the calibration coefficient SENS CORR COEF is invalid for the calibration type selected by the calibration type selection command SENS CORR COEF METH xxxx This error is not generated by front key operations 21 Specified ports overlapped This error occurs when a port number is duplicated in a command requiring two or more port number...

Page 629: ... marker search analysis after specifying the target and executing the CALC MARK FUNC EXEC and CALC FUNC EXEC commands This error occurs also when the bandwidth is not found after executing the bandwidth marker command CALC MARK BWID DATA 124 Too many digits The number of digits of the argument of the decimal numeric value data element exceeds 255 with the preceding 0 removed see 7 7 2 4 1 IEEE488 ...

Page 630: ...RTn as a part 34 User characterization not found in module This error occurs when the selected user profile is not detected in the ECal memory while reading it from the ECal module written by the user definition ECal V 30 Valid Ecal module not found This error occurs when the number of ports of the ECal module connected is less than the necessary number of ports This error occurs for example when ...

Page 631: ... is connected This error occurs when the specified type of external signal source is not connected to the specified GPIB address though the control of the external signal source is enabled SENS OFFS LOC STAT ON and SENS OFFS LOC CONT ON It also occurs when USB GPIB interface is set but not connected Ensure the external signal source and the connection of USB GPIB interface ...

Page 632: ...he fixture simulator function is turned on If this message is displayed the fixture simulator function is automatically turned off Log sweep requires 2 octave minimum span If you change the sweep range that does not satisfy the necessary condition of the frequency span the stop frequency is about 4 times or more of the start frequency when the sweep type is set to the log sweep this message is dis...

Page 633: ...he time the sweep is finished with the tracking executed This warning message is displayed also when with the bandwidth marker displayed the setting for the bandwidth marker is changed at the end of the sweep or when with the active marker changed or moved the bandwidth is not found Transform Gate not allowed This message appears when you have set the measurement points to two sweep type to other ...

Page 634: ...628 AppendixB Troubleshooting Warning Message ...

Page 635: ...9 C List of Default Values C List of Default Values This appendix gives the default values settings for Save Recall of an object and settings for backing up an object when using the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 636: ...recalled are denoted in the following manner Save Recall can be performed Blank Save Recall cannot be performed Settings that are backed up set state not affected by turning power ON OFF In the table a setting that is automatically backed up is denoted in the following manner Backup operation performed Blank Backup operation not performed Available means of defining a setting In the table the foll...

Page 637: ...n Analysis mode K C Sss11 When Fixture Simulator is set on set Topology at SE SE Bal and BalUn on in Analysis mode K C Log Mag K C Divisions 10 K C Scale Div 10 000 dB div K C Reference Position 5 Div K C Reference Value 0 0000 dB K C Electrical Delay 0 0000 s K C Phase Offset 0 0000 K C Allocate Channels K C Number of Traces 1 K C Allocate Traces K C Display Data K C Data Math OFF K C Equation OF...

Page 638: ...ect Ports 1 2 K C 3 Port Cal Select Ports 1 2 3 K C 2 Port TRL Cal Select Ports 1 2 K C 3 Port TRL Cal Select Ports 1 2 3 K C Adapter Removal Select Port 1 K C Adapter Length AUTO K C ECal Enhanced Response 2 1 S21 S11 K C Isolation OFF K C Characterization Factory K C Orientation Auto K C Unknown Thru OFF K C Property OFF K C Cal Kit 85033E K C Modify Cal Kit Define STDs Define STDs K Specify CLS...

Page 639: ...C Extension Port3 OFF K C Extension Port4 OFF K C Loss Select Port 1 K C Loss1 OFF K C Loss1 0 0000 dBm K C Freq1 1 0000 GHz K C Loss2 OFF K C Loss2 0 0000 dBm K C Freq2 1 0000 GHz K C Loss at DC 0 0000 dBm K C Velocity Factor 1 0000 K C Power Calibration Select Port 1 K Correction OFF K C Use Sensor A K Num of Readings 1 K C Tolerance 5 000 dB K C Loss Compen Compensation OFF K C Sensor A Setting...

Page 640: ...r Use Sensor A K Cal Trig Source Internal K C 300 00 kHz K C 3 0000 GHz E5070A 8 5000 GHz E5071A K C 1 50015 GHz E5070A 4 25015 GHz E5071A K C 2 9997 GHz E5070A 8 4997 GHz E5071A K C Power Power 0 dBm K C Power Ranges 25 to 7 K C Auto Range ON K C Port Couple ON K C Port Power Port 1 Power 0 dBm K C Port 2 Power 0 dBm K C Port 3 Power 0 dBm K C Port 4 Power 0 dBm K C Power Slope xx dB GHz 0 dB GHz...

Page 641: ...ase K C Frequency Offset Frequency Offset OFF K C Port 1 Multiplier 1 0000 K C Divisor 1 0000 K C Offset 0 0000 Hz K C Start 300 00 kHz K C Stop 8 5000 GHz K C Port 2 Multiplier 1 0000 K C Divisor 1 0000 K C Offset 0 0000 Hz K C Start 300 00 kHz K C Stop 8 5000 GHz K C Port 3 Multiplier 1 0000 K C Divisor 1 0000 K C Offset 0 0000 Hz K C Start 300 00 kHz K C Stop 8 5000 GHz K C Port 4 Multiplier 1 ...

Page 642: ...ncy Offset is set on K C Continuous Continuous Ch1 Hold Ch2 to 9 Hold all channels K C Trigger Source Internal K C Trigger Event On Sweep K C Trigger Scope All Channel K C Ext Trig Delay 0 0000 s K C Low Latency OFF K C Marker 1 Marker 1 is turned on immediately after the marker softkey menu is displayed K C Ref Marker Mode OFF K C Peak Peak Excursion 3 0000 dB K C Peak Polarity Positive K C Targe...

Page 643: ...rker Info Y Pos 1 K C Align ON K C Active Only ON K C Fixture Simulator Fixture Simulator OFF K C Topology Device SE BAL K C Port1 se 1 When SE Bal is selected as the device When SE SE Bal is selected as the device K C Port1 bal 1 2 When Bal Bal is selected as the device K C Port2 bal 2 3 SE Bal is selected as the device 3 4 Bal Bal is selected as the device K C Port2 se 2 When SE SE Bal is select...

Page 644: ...0 Imag 0 000 Ω K C Port3 Z0 Real 50 000 Ω K C Port3 Z0 Imag 0 000 Ω K C Port4 Z0 Real 50 000 Ω K C Port4 Z0 Imag 0 000 Ω K C De Embedding De Embedding OFF K C Select Port 1 K C Select Type None K C Diff Matching Diff Matching OFF K C Select Bal Port 2 K C Select Circuit None K C C 0 000e 12 F K C G 0 0000 S K C L 0 000e 9 H K C R 0 0000 Ω K C Diff ZConversion Diff ZConversion OFF K C Port1 bal Rea...

Page 645: ...eal 25 000 Ω K C Port3 bal Imag 0 000 Ω K C Gating Gating OFF K C Start 10 000ns K C Stop 10 000ns K C Center 0 0000s K C Span 20 000ns K C Type Bandpass K C Shape Normal K C Transform Transform OFF K C Start 10 000ns K C Stop 10 000ns K C Center 0 0000s K C Span 20 000ns K C Type Bandpass K C Window Normal K C Impulse Width 229 55ps K C Kaiser Beta 6 0000 K C Conversion Conversion OFF K C Functio...

Page 646: ...ipple Limit OFF K C Ripple Value OFF K C Ripple Band 1 K C Fail Sign ON K C Bandwidth Limit BW Test OFF K C BW Display OFF K C BW Marker OFF K C N dB Points 0dB K C Min Bandwidth 0Hz K C Max Bandwidth 0Hz K C Fail Sign ON K C Echo Window OFF K C Save Type State Cal K C Channel Trace Disp Only K C Save SnP SnP Format Auto K C Key Operation Factory shipped Setting Default Value Save Recall Backup Av...

Page 647: ... K C Port 2 T1 K C Port 3 R1 K C Port 4 R1 K C Port 5 1 X1 K C Port 6 1 Y1 K C Port 7 1 Z1 K C Control Lines Line 1 Line 8 LOW K C Test Set 2 Select Test Set E5091_9 K C Control OFF K C Property OFF K C Port 1 A K C Port 2 T1 K C Port 3 R1 K C Port 4 R1 K C Port 5 1 X1 K C Port 6 1 Y1 K C Port 7 1 Z1 K C Control Lines Line 1 Line 8 LOW K C Key Operation Factory shipped Setting Default Value Save R...

Page 648: ...eset K C Turn RF Out ON R3 K C Set Frequenc y FR f HZ K C Set Power Level AP p DM K C 8643A 8644B 8664A 8665A B 8648A B C D ESG Series PSG Series This softkey is selected when instrument is shipped from factory K C Network Setup Telnet Server OFF Non changing K SICL LAN Server OFF Non changing K SICL LAN Address 17 Non changing K Web Server OFF Non changing K Network Device ENABLE Non changing K C...

Page 649: ...lue 3 K C Mem Trace 1 Red 3 Green 3 Blue 0 K C Mem Trace 2 Red 0 Green 3 Blue 3 K C Mem Trace 3 Red 3 Green 0 Blue 3 K C Mem Trace 4 Red 0 Green 3 Blue 0 K C Mem Trace 5 Red 3 Green 2 Blue 0 K C Mem Trace 6 Red 3 Green 1 Blue 1 K C Mem Trace 7 Red 1 Green 2 Blue 3 K C Mem Trace 8 Red 3 Green 2 Blue 2 K C Mem Trace 9 Red 1 Green 2 Blue 1 K C Graticule Main Red 3 Green 3 Blue 3 K C Graticule Sub Red...

Page 650: ...Service Menu System Correction ON K C Avoid Spurious ON K C High Temperature OFF Non changing K C Init Src Ctrl ON K C Init Src Port Port 1 K C Security Level None K C 1 Only when the E5091A 016 is selected Key Operation Factory shipped Setting Default Value Save Recall Backup Available Means of Defining a Setting RST ...

Page 651: ...645 D Softkey Functions D Softkey Functions This appendix explains the functions of softkeys and hardkeys supplied on the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 652: ...Calibration Same as See Calibration Menu on page 663 Stimulus Displays the same softkey for setting up the sweep range that appears when or is pressed See Stimulus Menu on page 714 Sweep Setup Same as See Sweep Setup Menu on page 715 Trigger Same as See Trigger Menu on page 725 Marker Same as See Marker Menu on page 695 Marker Search Same as See Marker Search Menu on page 698 Marker Function Same ...

Page 653: ... mixed mode S parameters between two single end unbalanced ports and balanced port on the DUT In the succeeding procedure the two single end ports will be treated as port 1 on the DUT logical port 1 and port 2 on the DUT logical port 2 and the balanced port as port 3 on the DUT logical port 3 CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL DEV SSB Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Port1 se Displays...

Page 654: ... c and d for Bal Bal in Table 7 8 on page 294 respectively CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL TOP BBAL CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL TOP SBAL 1 3 Selects test ports 1 and 3 on the analyzer for connection with balanced port 2 on the DUT ports b and c for SE Bal or ports c and d for Bal Bal in Table 7 8 on page 294 respectively CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL TOP BBAL CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL TOP SBAL 1 4 2 Selects test ports 1 and 4 on the ana...

Page 655: ...only when SE SE Bal in the Device menu is selected 1 2 Selects test ports 1 and 2 on the analyzer for connection with balanced port 3 on the DUT ports c and d in Table 7 8 on page 294 respectively CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL TOP SSB 1 3 Selects test ports 1 and 3 on the analyzer for connection with balanced port 3 on the DUT ports c and d in Table 7 8 on page 294 respectively CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL TOP SSB 1 4...

Page 656: ...age 701 Port Matching Displays softkeys for setting up the matching circuit function Based on the measurement results the matching circuit function uses internal software to determine characteristics with a matching circuit inserted between the DUT and the test ports Port Matching Enables or disables the matching circuit function CALC 1 16 FSIM SEND PMC STAT Select Port Displays softkeys for selec...

Page 657: ...tching circuit can be added to ports by selecting User in the Select Circuit menu CALC 1 16 FSIM SEND PMC PORT 1 4 USER FIL Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Port ZConversion Displays softkeys for setting up the port impedance conversion function This function is included in internal software that converts S parameters determined with a 50 W reference port impedance to ...

Page 658: ...hstone data file prepared by the user Selecting User in the Select Type menu will de embed the loaded network CALC 1 16 FSIM SEND DEEM PORT 1 4 USER FIL Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Diff Matching 1 Displays softkeys for setting up the differential matching circuit function This function uses internal software to convert the characteristics of a balanced port to tho...

Page 659: ...nce impedance of two unbalanced ports is expressed as Z0 an automatic conversion sets the differential mode reference impedance of the converted balanced port to 2Z0 and the common mode reference impedance to Z0 2 Differential impedance conversion is a function that further converts 2Z0 into another reference impedance Diff ZConversion Enables or disables the differential impedance conversion func...

Page 660: ...dding de embedding feature The 4 port network embedding de embedding feature is the feature to embed or de embed your desired network that you have defined in a 4 port touchstone data file De Embedding S4P Toggles ON OFF the 4 port network embedding de embedding feature CALC 1 16 FSIM EMB STAT Topology Displays the softkey to assign a topology the connection method between the analyzer and the DUT...

Page 661: ... 4 2 Sets the ports of the analyzer connected to ports a b and c in Figure 7 6 to test ports 1 3 and 4 respectively CALC 1 16 FSIM EMB TOP B PORT 1 3 4 1 4 2 2 Sets the ports of the analyzer connected to ports a b and c in Figure 7 6 to test ports 1 4 and 2 respectively CALC 1 16 FSIM EMB TOP B PORT 1 4 2 1 4 3 2 Sets the ports of the analyzer connected to ports a b and c in Figure 7 6 to test por...

Page 662: ...analyzer connected to ports a b c and d in Figure 7 6 to test ports 1 2 3 and 4 respectively CALC 1 16 FSIM EMB TOP C POR T 1 2 3 4 1 2 4 3 Sets the ports of the analyzer connected to ports a b c and d in Figure 7 6 to test ports 1 2 4 and 3 respectively CALC 1 16 FSIM EMB TOP C POR T 1 2 4 3 1 3 2 4 Sets the ports of the analyzer connected to ports a b c and d in Figure 7 6 to test ports 1 3 2 an...

Page 663: ... 1 16 FSIM EMB TOP C POR T 4 1 3 2 4 2 1 3 Sets the ports of the analyzer connected to ports a b c and d in Figure 7 6 to test ports 4 2 1 and 3 respectively CALC 1 16 FSIM EMB TOP C POR T 4 2 1 3 4 2 3 1 Sets the ports of the analyzer connected to ports a b c and d in Figure 7 6 to test ports 4 2 3 and 1 respectively CALC 1 16 FSIM EMB TOP C POR T 4 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 Sets the ports of the analyzer co...

Page 664: ...ftkeys for selecting a shape of the gate Maximum Selects the maximum shape CALC 1 16 FILT TIME SHAP MAX Wide Selects the wide shape CALC 1 16 FILT TIME SHAP WIDE Normal Selects the normal shape CALC 1 16 FILT TIME SHAP NORM Minimum Selects the minimum shape CALC 1 16 FILT TIME SHAP MIN Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Return Returns to the softkey display screen one le...

Page 665: ...NC YTR Y Trans Shunt Selects the equivalent admittance in transmission shunt measurement CALC 1 16 CONV FUNC YTSH 1 S Selects the inverse S parameter CALC 1 16 CONV FUNC INV Conjugation Selects the conjugation CALC 1 16 CONV FUNC CONJ Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Limit Test Displays softkeys for setting ...

Page 666: ...it table CALC 1 16 RLIM DATA Add Adds a new segment to the limit table under the line on which the cursor is located CALC 1 16 RLIM DATA Clear Limit Table Displays softkeys for clearing the contents of the limit table CALC 1 16 RLIM DATA OK Deletes all segments in the limit table CALC 1 16 RLIM DATA Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Export to CSV File Exports saves the ...

Page 667: ...Appendix D 661 Softkey Functions Analysis Menu D Softkey Functions 1 Only with Options 313 314 413 and 414 2 Only with Options 413 and 414 ...

Page 668: ...VER Smo Aperture Sets the smoothing aperture using a percentage against the sweep span CALC 1 16 SMO APER Smoothing Enables or disables the smoothing function When enabled the letters Smo will appear in the trace status area CALC 1 16 SMO STAT IF Bandwidth Sets the IF bandwidth For more about the effective range of the IF bandwidth refer to Specifications and Reference Data If an input value is ou...

Page 669: ...ays softkeys for canceling a calibration OK Cancels a calibration process and clears the measurement data of standard SENS 1 16 CORR COLL CLE Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Response Short Displays softkeys for selecting options for a response calibration using the SHORT standard Select Port Displays softke...

Page 670: ...ects the transmission test measurement of S14 for test port 4 1 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH THRU 1 4 2 4 S24 2 Selects the transmission test measurement of S24 for test port 4 2 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH THRU 2 4 3 4 S34 2 Selects the transmission test measurement of S34 for test port 4 3 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH THRU 3 4 Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Thru Executes a TH...

Page 671: ...ENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH ERES 1 4 2 4 S24 S44 2 Selects the transmission test measurement of S24 for test port 4 2 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH ERES 2 4 3 4 S34 S44 2 Selects the transmission test measurement of S34 for test port 4 3 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH ERES 3 4 Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Open Executes an OPEN calibration on the test port selected in the Select P...

Page 672: ...cuting a full 2 port calibration Select Ports 1 Displays softkeys for selecting test ports 1 2 Selects test ports 1 and 2 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH SOLT2 1 2 1 3 Selects test ports 1 and 3 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH SOLT2 1 3 1 4 2 Selects test ports 1 and 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH SOLT2 1 4 2 3 Selects test ports 2 and 3 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH SOLT2 2 3 2 4 2 Selects test ports 2 and 4 SENS 1 16 ...

Page 673: ... COLL METH SOLT3 1 2 4 1 3 4 Selects test ports 1 3 and 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH SOLT3 1 3 4 2 3 4 Selects test ports 2 3 and 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL METH SOLT3 2 3 4 Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Reflection Displays softkeys for executing reflection calibrations Symbols x y and z refer to the three test ports selected in the Select Ports menu x y and z are always 1...

Page 674: ... softkeys for executing full 4 port calibrations Reflection Displays softkeys for executing reflection calibrations Port 1 Open Executes an OPEN calibration on test port 1 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL OPEN 1 Port 1 Short Executes a SHORT calibration on test port 1 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL SHOR 1 Port 1 Load Executes a LOAD calibration on test port 1 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL LOAD 1 Port 2 Open Executes an OPEN calibr...

Page 675: ...6 CORR COLL ISOL 2 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL ISOL 4 2 Port 3 4 Isol Executes an isolation calibration on test ports 3 and 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL ISOL 3 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL ISOL 4 3 Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Done Terminates a calibration process and calculates the calibration coefficients SENS 1 16 CORR COLL SAVE Overwrite Terminates partial overwrite and recalculat...

Page 676: ... on test ports x and y SENS 1 16 CORR COLL TRLL x y Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Done Terminates a calibration process and calculates the calibration coefficients SENS 1 16 CORR COLL SAVE Cancel Displays softkeys for canceling a calibration OK Cancels a calibration process and clears the measurement data of standard SENS 1 16 CORR COLL CLE Cancel Returns to the sof...

Page 677: ... 16 CORR COLL TRLL x z y z Line Match Executes a LINE MATCH calibration on test ports y and z SENS 1 16 CORR COLL TRLL y z SENS 1 16 CORR COLL TRLL z y y z Fwd Szy Executes a forward LINE MATCH calibration on test ports y and z SENS 1 16 CORR COLL TRLL z y y z Rvs Syz Executes a reverse LINE MATCH calibration on test ports y and z SENS 1 16 CORR COLL TRLL y z Return Returns to the softkey display ...

Page 678: ...d S41 Executes a forward LINE MATCH calibration on test ports 1 and 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL TRLL 4 1 1 4 Rvs S14 Executes a reverse LINE MATCH calibration on test ports 1 and 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL TRLL 1 4 2 3 Line Match Executes a LINE MATCH calibration on test ports 2 3 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL TRLL 2 3 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL TRLL 3 2 2 3 Fwd S32 Executes a forward LINE MATCH calibration on test ports 2 a...

Page 679: ...on the test port selected in the Select Port menu SENS 1 16 CORR COLL OPEN Short Executes a SHORT calibration on the test port selected in the Select Port menu SENS 1 16 CORR COLL SHOR Load Executes a LOAD calibration on the test port selected in the Select Port menu SENS 1 16 CORR COLL LOAD Adapter Length Sets the adapter length on the test port selected in the Select Port menu SENS 1 16 CORR COL...

Page 680: ...ecutes a 3 port ECal on test ports 1 2 and 3 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL ECAL SOLT3 1 2 3 Port 1 2 4 2 Executes a 3 port ECal on test ports 1 2 and 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL ECAL SOLT3 1 2 4 Port 1 3 4 2 Executes a 3 port ECal on test ports 1 3 and 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL ECAL SOLT3 1 3 4 Port 2 3 4 2 Executes a 3 port ECal on test ports 2 3 and 4 SENS 1 16 CORR COLL ECAL SOLT3 2 3 4 Return 2 Returns to the sof...

Page 681: ...bles unknown thru calibration SENS 1 16 CORR COLL ECAL UTHR Characterization Displays softkeys for selecting the ECal characteristic Factory Selects the factory default characteristic SENS 1 16 CORR COLL ECAL UCH CHAR0 User1 Selects the characteristic stored at location number 1 in the ECal s flash memory SENS 1 16 CORR COLL ECAL UCH CHAR1 User2 Selects the characteristic stored at location number...

Page 682: ...ration coefficient SENS 1 16 CORR CLE Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Property Enables or disables the display of calibration property When enabled calibration status information between test ports will be displayed in a matrix format in the lower right corner of the channel window SENS 1 16 CORR PROP Cal Kit Displays softkeys for selecting calibration kits Up to twen...

Page 683: ...andard type SENS 1 16 CORR COLL CKIT STAN1 TYPE NONE Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher C0 Sets the value of C0 F for the standard The fringe capacitance F of a standard is determined by the following formula C C0 C1 F C2 F 2 C3 F 3 F measurement frequency Hz SENS 1 16 CORR COLL CKIT STAN1 C0 C1 Sets the value of C1 F Hz for the standard SENS 1 16 CORR COLL CKIT STAN1 C1...

Page 684: ...1 ARB Min Frequency Sets the minimum frequency for the standard SENS 1 16 CORR COLL CKIT STAN1 FMIN Max Frequency Sets the maximum frequency for the standard SENS 1 16 CORR COLL CKIT STAN1 FMAX Media Sets the media type of the standard SENS 1 16 CORR COLL CKIT STAN1 CHAR Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher 2 Std Name Displays softkeys for changing the definition of 2 Std ...

Page 685: ...est port 1 The lower level softkeys are the same as those for Set All Port 2 Displays softkeys for selecting standards for the OPEN standard class that applies only to test port 2 The lower level softkeys are the same as those for Set All Port 3 1 Displays softkeys for selecting standards for the OPEN standard class that applies only to test port 3 The lower level softkeys are the same as those fo...

Page 686: ... for selecting standards for the THRU standard class that applies to test ports 2 and 4 The lower level softkeys are the same as those for Set All Port 3 4 Displays softkeys for selecting standards for the THRU standard class that applies to test ports 3 and 4 The lower level softkeys are the same as those for Set All Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher TRL Thru Displays ...

Page 687: ...orts SENS 1 16 CORR EXT AUTO MEAS OPEN Port 1 Executes the measurement for test port 1 SENS 1 16 CORR EXT AUTO MEAS OPEN Port 2 Executes the measurement for test port 2 SENS 1 16 CORR EXT AUTO MEAS OPEN Port 3 Executes the measurement for test port 3 SENS 1 16 CORR EXT AUTO MEAS OPEN Port 4 Executes the measurement for test port 4 SENS 1 16 CORR EXT AUTO MEAS OPEN Return Returns to the softkey dis...

Page 688: ...1 Select test port 1 None Port 2 Select test port 2 None Port 3 Select test port 3 None Port 4 Select test port 4 None Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Loss1 Toggles on off loss 1 on the selected port SENS 1 16 CORR EXT PORT 1 4 INCL1 Loss1 Sets the loss value of loss 1 on the selected port SENS 1 16 CORR EXT PORT 1 4 LOSS1 Freq1 Sets the frequency of loss 1 on the sel...

Page 689: ...r Loss Table Displays the softkey to clear the loss correction table OK Deletes all segments in the loss correction table None Cancel Returns to the softkey display in one level higher Export to CSV File Exports writes in another software format the content of the loss correction table as a CSV comma separated value format file MMEM STOR PLOS 1 4 Import from CSV File Imports a saved CSV comma sepa...

Page 690: ... File Imports a saved CSV comma separated value format file into the calibration coefficient table MMEM LOAD BSCF Return Returns to the softkey display one level higher Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Receiver Calibration Displays the softkey to execute the receiver calibration Select Port Displays the softkey to select the test port you want to calibrate 1 Selects te...

Page 691: ...ays the softkey to execute standard OPEN SHORT and LOAD measurements Port x Freq x Open Executes an OPEN reflection calibration on test port x by using the frequency that is set in test port x The x changes by the selected test port and calibration method SENS 1 16 CORR OFFS COLL OPEN Port x Freq y Open Executes an OPEN reflection calibration on test port x by using the frequency that is set in te...

Page 692: ...y using the frequency that is set in test port x The x and y change by the selected test port and calibration method SENS 1 16 CORR OFFS COLL PMET Port y Freq y Executes a power calibration on test port y by using the frequency that is set in test port y The y changes by the selected test port and calibration method SENS 1 16 CORR OFFS COLL PMET Return Returns to the softkey display in one level h...

Page 693: ...he y changes by the selected test port and calibration method SENS 1 16 CORR OFFS COLL PMET Return Returns to the softkey display one level higher ECal Done Executes a scalar mixer calibration and calculates the calibration coefficient The GPIB command and parameter change by the selected test port and calibration method SENS 1 16 CORR OFFS COLL SMIX2 SENS 1 16 CORR OFFS COLL SOLT1 Cancel Displays...

Page 694: ... corner and bottom DISP SPL D12_33 Displays channel windows by bisecting the screen vertically and then bisecting the lower window horizontally with channels 1 2 and 3 displayed respectively in the top lower left corner and lower right corner DISP SPL D11_23 Displays channel windows by bisecting the screen horizontally and then bisecting the left window vertically with channels 1 2 and 3 displayed...

Page 695: ... to three for the active channel CALC 1 16 PAR COUN 3 4 Sets the number of traces to four for the active channel CALC 1 16 PAR COUN 4 5 Sets the number of traces to five for the active channel CALC 1 16 PAR COUN 5 6 Sets the number of traces to six for the active channel CALC 1 16 PAR COUN 6 7 Sets the number of traces to seven for the active channel CALC 1 16 PAR COUN 7 8 Sets the number of trace...

Page 696: ...ing each window vertically with graphs 1 2 3 and 4 displayed in upper windows from left to right and graphs 5 6 7 and 8 displayed in lower windows from left to right DISP WIND 1 16 SPL D1234_5678 Displays graphs by splitting the screen vertically into four equal parts and then bisecting each window horizontally with graphs 1 3 5 and 7 displayed in left windows from top to bottom and graphs 2 4 6 a...

Page 697: ...y trace data and stores the result as a data trace CALC 1 16 MATH FUNC ADD Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Equation Editor Opens the equation editor dialog to enter an equation or equation label CALC 1 16 EQU TEXT Equation Turns on off the equation editor When the equation editor is ON trace data are calculated based on the equation specified using the equation editor...

Page 698: ...ay screen one level higher Ploar Displays softkeys for setting up polar format Lin Phase Displays traces in polar format The marker response values are linear magnitude and phase CALC 1 16 SEL FORM PLIN Log Phase Displays traces in polar format The marker response values are log magnitude dB and phase CALC 1 16 SEL FORM PLOG Real Imag Displays traces in polar format The marker response values are ...

Page 699: ...xecution of a program after executing the line of code being executed at the time the Stop key is pressed PROG STAT Continue Resumes execution of a program that has been stopped PROG STAT Echo Window Enables or disables the echo window display at the bottom of the screen DISP TABL DISP TABL TYPE Clear Echo Clears text displayed in the echo window DISP ECHO CLE User Menu Displays user menu softkeys...

Page 700: ...d to Button 10 Softkey label can be modified using a command None Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Preset User Menu Returns the softkey labels of user menu to the initial settings None Return Returns to the E5070B E5071B Menu Top Menu on page 646 Key Operation Function SCPI Command ...

Page 701: ...CALC 1 16 MARK7 ACT CALC 1 16 MARK7 X Marker 8 Enables marker 8 if it is disabled Also activates marker 8 and displays an input dialog box for setting the stimulus value CALC 1 16 MARK8 CALC 1 16 MARK8 ACT CALC 1 16 MARK8 X Marker 9 Enables marker 9 if it is disabled Also activates marker 9 and displays an input dialog box for setting the stimulus value CALC 1 16 MARK9 CALC 1 16 MARK9 ACT CALC 1 1...

Page 702: ...When enabled stimulus values and response values of markers 1 to 9 will be displayed using values relative to the reference marker When disabled the reference marker will not appear on the screen CALC 1 16 MARK 1 10 REF Return Returns to the E5070B E5071B Menu Top Menu on page 646 Key Operation Function SCPI Command ...

Page 703: ...ulus value When disabled the marker will be placed at the point corresponding to the specified marker stimulus value by interpolating gaps between measurement points CALC 1 16 MARK 1 10 DISC Couple Enables or disables marker coupling When enabled marker settings and movements become effective for all traces on a channel When disabled marker settings and movements are done independently on each tra...

Page 704: ...r the given conditions The search is performed based on conditions defined by Peak Excursion and Peak Polarity CALC 1 16 MARK 1 10 FUNC EXEC CALC 1 16 MARK 1 10 FUNC TYPE LPE Search Right In a rectangular display format moves the active marker to the peak on its right under the given conditions The search is performed based on conditions defined by Peak Excursion and Peak Polarity CALC 1 16 MARK 1...

Page 705: ...e Also performs Search Target at the same time A target search uses the target value to look for a point on a trace CALC 1 16 MARK 1 10 FUNC TARG Target Transition Displays softkeys for defining the transition direction Positive Selects positive transition for a target search and performs Search Target at the same time Targets with positive transition refer to points whose response value is larger...

Page 706: ...alues will be used to perform searches e g resistance in the Smith R jX format For details see Determining the Bandwidth of the Trace Bandwidth Search on page 270 CALC 1 16 MARK 1 10 BWID Bandwidth Value Sets the bandwidth The bandwidth in a bandwidth search is defined by specifying the displacement from the active marker to the cutoff point using the response value the value assigned to the Y axi...

Page 707: ...AR 1 16 DEF S43 S14 2 Selects parameter S14 CALC 1 16 PAR 1 16 DEF S14 S24 2 Selects parameter S24 CALC 1 16 PAR 1 16 DEF S24 S34 2 Selects parameter S34 CALC 1 16 PAR 1 16 DEF S34 S44 2 Selects parameter S44 CALC 1 16 PAR 1 16 DEF S44 Absolute Displays softkeys for setting absolute measurement parameters A 1 3 Selects parameter A 1 CALC 1 16 PAR 1 16 DEF A CALC 1 16 PAR 1 16 SPOR 1 A 2 3 Selects ...

Page 708: ...702 AppendixD Softkey Functions Measurement Menu 1 Only with Options 313 314 413 and 414 2 Only with Options 413 and 414 3 The numeric in parentheses indicates the stimulus port number ...

Page 709: ...ay an unbalanced signal input to unbalanced port 1 on the DUT is transmitted to balanced port 2 on the DUT as a common mode signal CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 SBAL SCS21 Ssc12 Selects parameter Ssc12 Ssc12 defines the way a common mode signal input to balanced port 2 on the DUT is transmitted to unbalanced port 1 on the DUT as an unbalanced signal CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 SBAL SSC12 Sdd22 Selec...

Page 710: ... common mode signal CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 BBAL SCD21 Scd12 Selects parameter Scd12 Scd12 defines the way a differential signal input to balanced port 2 on the DUT is transmitted to balanced port 1 on the DUT as a common mode signal CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 BBAL SCD12 Scd22 Selects parameter Scd22 Scd22 defines the way a differential signal input to balanced port 2 on the DUT is reflected ...

Page 711: ... DUT is reflected as a common mode signal CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 BBAL SCC22 Imbalance1 Selects parameter Imbalance1 CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 BBAL IMB1 Imbalance2 Selects parameter Imbalance2 CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 BBAL IMB2 Sdd21 Scc21 Selects parameter Sdd21 Scc21 CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 BBAL CMRR Return Returns to the E5070B E5071B Menu Top Menu on page 646 Key Operation Functio...

Page 712: ...UT as a differential signal CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 SSB SDS32 Ssd13 Selects parameter Ssd13 Ssd13 defines the way a differential signal input to balanced port 3 on the DUT is transmitted to unbalanced port 1 on the DUT as an unbalanced signal CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 SSB SSD13 Ssd23 Selects parameter Ssd23 Ssd23 defines the way a differential signal input to balanced port 3 on the DUT is tr...

Page 713: ...ance1 CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 SSB IMB1 Imbalance2 Selects parameter Imbalance2 CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 SSB IMB2 Sds31 Scs31 Selects parameter Sds31 Scs31 CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 SSB CMRR1 Sds32 Scs32 Selects parameter Sds32 Scs32 CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 SSB CMRR2 Imbalance3 Selects parameter Imbalance3 CALC 1 16 FSIM BAL PAR 1 16 SSB IMB3 Imbalance4 Selects parameter Imbalance4 CAL...

Page 714: ...ctions Preset Menu Preset Menu Key Operation Function SCPI Command Displays softkeys for restoring the preset conditions OK Restores the preset conditions SYST PRES Cancel Returns to the E5070B E5071B Menu Top Menu on page 646 ...

Page 715: ...s file will be automatically loaded during the startup process or on presetting with the preset operation mode User MMEM STOR UserPres sta File Dialog Opens a dialog box for saving settings This dialog box allows the user to save settings with an arbitrary name This key is also used to save settings to a floppy disk MMEM STOR Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Recall Sta...

Page 716: ...D volatile memory State A Recalls the current settings for each channel from registers A MMEM LOAD CHAN A State B Recalls the current settings for each channel from registers B MMEM LOAD CHAN B State C Recalls the current settings for each channel from registers C MMEM LOAD CHAN C State D Recalls the current settings for each channel from registers D MMEM LOAD CHAN D Return Returns to the softkey ...

Page 717: ...MMEM STOR SNP TYPE S1 P 4 MMEM STOR SNP s2p Displays softkeys to save data to a Touchstone file with s2p file type 1 2 Saves measurement data of test port 1 and 2 to a Touchstone file MMEM STOR SNP TYPE S2 P 1 2 MMEM STOR SNP 1 3 Saves measurement data of test port 1 and 3 to a Touchstone file MMEM STOR SNP TYPE S2 P 1 3 MMEM STOR SNP 1 4 Saves measurement data of test port 1 and 4 to a Touchstone...

Page 718: ...s to save data to a Touchstone file with s4p file type 1 2 3 4 Saves measurement data of test port 1 2 3 and 4 to a Touchstone file MMEM STOR SNP TYPE S4 P 1 2 3 4 MMEM STOR SNP Cancel Returns to the E5070B E5071B Menu Top Menu on page 646 Key Operation Function SCPI Command ...

Page 719: ...t to be moved and releasing the button after dragging it to the desired position on one of the reference line pointers and DISP WIND 1 16 TRAC 1 16 Y RP OS Reference Value Defines the value corresponding to the reference line on a rectangular display format The setting applies only to the active trace DISP WIND 1 16 TRAC 1 16 Y RL EV Marker Æ Reference Changes the value of the reference line to th...

Page 720: ... sweeps SENS 1 16 FREQ STOP Center Sets the center frequency of the sweep range SENS 1 16 FREQ CENT Span Sets the frequency span for sweeps SENS 1 16 FREQ SPAN Return Returns to the E5070B E5071B Menu Top Menu on page 646 Sets the ending frequency for sweeps Also displays the Stimulus Menu same as SENS 1 16 FREQ STOP Sets the center frequency of the sweep range Also displays the Stimulus Menu same...

Page 721: ...rt 3 Power Sets the power level of port 3 SOUR 1 16 POW PORT3 Port 4 Power Sets the power level of port 4 SOUR 1 16 POW PORT4 Slope xx dB GHz Sets the correction coefficient correction amount of power level per 1 GHz when the power slope feature is on SOUR 1 16 POW SLOP Slope ON OFF Turns on off of the power slope feature SOUR 1 16 POW SLOP STAT CW Freq Sets the fixed frequency for the power sweep...

Page 722: ...le Exports saves data in file formats used by other software the segment table as a CSV comma separated value file MMEM STOR SEGM Import from CSV File Imports loads a file that is written in a format used by other software a CSV comma separated value file to the segment table of E5070B E5071B MMEM LOAD SEGM Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Segment Display Selects linea...

Page 723: ...s frequency data Base Selects base frequency 2 when the frequency offset turns on CALC 1 16 OFFS XAX Stimulus Selects source port frequency when the frequency offset turns on CALC 1 16 OFFS XAX Response Selects receiver port frequency when the frequency offset turns on CALC 1 16 OFFS XAX Normal Selects base frequency 2 when the frequency offset turns off CALC 1 16 MIX XAX RF LO Selects RF LO frequ...

Page 724: ...5091A SENS 1 16 MULT1 STAT Property Enables disables the display of the E5091A properties SENS 1 16 MULT1 DISP Port 1 Displays softkeys for selecting a test port of the E5091A to which you want to connect port 1 A1 Selects test port A1 SENS 1 16 MULT1 PORT1 A1 A2 1 Selects test port A2 SENS 1 16 MULT1 PORT1 A2 A3 1 Selects test port A3 SENS 1 16 MULT1 PORT1 A3 A4 1 Selects test port A4 SENS 1 16 M...

Page 725: ...e softkey display screen one level higher Port 6 1 Displays softkeys for selecting a test port of the E5091A to which you want to connect port 6 Y1 Selects test port Y1 SENS 1 16 MULT1 PORT6 Y1 Y2 Selects test port Y1 SENS 1 16 MULT1 PORT6 Y2 Cancel Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Port 7 1 Displays softkeys for selecting a test port of the E5091A to which you want to connect...

Page 726: ...DDR Signal Generator Address Displays the softkey to set the address type and command for controlling an external signal generator Address Sets the GPIB address of an external signal generator SYST COMM GPIB SGEN ADDR Switching Time Sets the waiting time after setting the frequency and power level to an external signal generator SYST COMM GPIB SGEN DWEL Custom Commands Displays the softkey to set ...

Page 727: ...eyboard Lock Locks the front panel keys and the keyboard key operations disabled SYST KLOC KBD Touch Screen Mouse Lock Locks the touch screen 2 and the mouse mouse operations disabled SYST KLOC MOUS Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Color Setup Displays softkeys for setting up the color of display image Normal Displays softkeys for setting up the color of the normal dis...

Page 728: ...display screen one level higher Invert Displays softkeys for setting up the color of the inverted display The lower level softkeys are the same as those for Nomal Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Channel Trace Setup Displays softkeys for setting up the maximum numbers of the channels and traces 1 Channels 4 Traces Sets the maximum number of channels to 1 and the maximu...

Page 729: ...ious Turns ON OFF the avoid spurious mode SENS 1 16 SWE ASP High Temperature Turns ON OFF the high temperature measurement mode When the high temperature measurement mode is turned on drift error can be reduced in the ambient temperature range of 28 C to 33 C If you use the analyzer within the range of 23 C 5 C you must turn off this function SYST TEMP HIGH Init Src Ctrl Turns ON OFF the initial s...

Page 730: ...s the maximum number of channels to 36 the maximum number of traces to 9 and the upper limit of the measurement point to 401 None Return Returns to the softkey display screen one level higher Enable Options Displays softkeys for other options Restart Firmware Executes a firmware restart Update Firmware Executes a firmware update Service Functions Displays softkeys for performing service functions ...

Page 731: ...a series of trigger signals A trigger once generated is sent to all channels in order no matter how many channels are displayed 1 It depends on the settings of trigger scope 1 TRIG SOUR INT External Selects the external trigger source A signal input to the external trigger input terminal BNC f connector on the rear panel will be used as the trigger source A trigger once generated is sent to all ch...

Page 732: ...726 AppendixD Softkey Functions Trigger Menu ...

Page 733: ...727 E General Principles of Operation E General Principles of Operation This chapter explains the general principles of operation for the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 734: ...esized Source The synthesized source generates an RF sweep signal in the following frequency range E5070B 300 kHz 3 GHz E5071B 300 kHz 8 5 GHz The signal source is phase locked to a highly reliable quartz crystal oscillator to maintain a high level of accuracy in its frequency as well as to achieve precise phase measurements The level of RF output power is controlled within the range of 15 dBm 10 ...

Page 735: ...signal and the reflection from the DUT are detected as the reference signal R and the test signal T respectively On the other ports the signal that is transmitted through the DUT is detected as the test signal T All signals are then sent to the receiver Receiver Each signal that is sent to the receiver is first converted into an IF signal by a mixer and then converted into a digital signal by an A...

Page 736: ...nverted into IF signals R1 R2 Rn and T1 T2 Tn into digital signals One ADC is available for each signal and the conversion takes place simultaneously Digital Filter The digital filter performs a discrete Fourier transformation DFT and picks up IF signals Each IF signal is then converted into a complex number that has a real part and an imaginary part The IF bandwidth of the analyzer is equivalent ...

Page 737: ...eep takes place When the full N port error correction N 2 to 4 is enabled all 4 N S parameters are stored in the raw data array and used in error correction The user is not allowed to access read write this raw data array Error Correction Calibration Coefficient Data Array When error correction is enabled the process eliminates the system errors that are reproducible and stored in the calibration ...

Page 738: ...s constant throughout the frequency range Incidentally data processing performed from this point on in the flowchart is applied to both the data array and the memory array Data Format Group Delay Complex data consisting of the real parts and the imaginary parts are converted into scalar data according to the data format of user s choice Group delays are also calculated here Smoothing By enabling t...

Page 739: ...Appendix E 733 General Principles of Operation Data Processing E General Principles of Operation Display The results obtained after data processing are displayed on the screen as traces ...

Page 740: ...734 AppendixE General Principles of Operation Data Processing ...

Page 741: ...735 F Replacing the 8753ES with the E5070B E5071B F Replacing the 8753ES with the E5070B E5071B This chapter describes the information necessary to replace Agilent 8753ES with the Agilent E5070B E5071B ...

Page 742: ...ther channels On the screen you can open up to sixteen windows each of which allows up to sixteen traces to be defined Measurement Parameters With the E5070B E5071B you can perform measurements of S parameter and absolute value of the power input into ports In addition to these the 8753ES supports measurement parameters such as A B R A R B R A B etc Test Port Output Ranges The 8753ES comes standar...

Page 743: ...nction The list segment sweep function enables you to perform measurements corresponding to two or more sweep conditions in one sweep operation and is supported both on the 8753ES and E5070B E5071B While the 8753ES allows only up to 30 segments per table to be defined the E5070B E5071B allows up to 201 segments to be defined Furthermore while two or more commands are needed to create a table using...

Page 744: ...r TRL LRM calibration A maximum of seven standards can be defined for each calibration class In contrast the E5070B E5071B allows 20 types of user defined calibration kits to be saved in the internal memory which include the ten calibration kits registrated beforehand When setting up calibration classes OPEN SHORT and LOAD can be set up on each port and THRU between ports Eight standards are allow...

Page 745: ...or example when you set channel 1 and 2 to uncouple and sweep each channel you need to set each channel to Hold state and make trigger events to each channel On the E5070B E5071B the trigger system involves states of the entire system and those of each of the channels Since a trigger event is common to all channels three system wide states exist Hold Waiting for Trigger and Measurement On the othe...

Page 746: ... The data flow in the 8753ES is shown in Figure F 1 while the flow in the E5070B E5071B is shown in Figure F 2 As described in Reading Writing Data on page 741 the types of data you can read write using the 8753ES differ from those you can read write using the E5070B E5071B Figure F 1 8753ES Data Flow ...

Page 747: ...device binary IEEE 32 bit floating point IEEE 64 bit floating point ASCII PC DOS 32 bit floating point IEEE 64 bit floating point ASCII Reading Writing data Raw data array Calibration coefficient array before interpolation Corrected data array Formatted memory array Memory trace Calibration kit array data Power meter calibration coefficient array before interpolation Formatted data array Formatted...

Page 748: ...et value or search tracking to be established on all markers Math Operation Functions on Traces On the 8753ES each channel is provided with a memory trace For this reason math operations between the data trace and memory trace are supported Data Memory and Data Memory On the E5070B E5071B however Data Memory and Data Memory are supported along with the division and subtraction operations described...

Page 749: ...070B E5071B supports pass fail results measurement value and upper lower limit values for each measurement point as well as pass fail results of the active trace for each channel Analytical Functions Although the 8753ES does not support the fixture simulator function the E5070B E5071B does The fixture simulator supported by the E5070B E5071B include the balanced unbalanced transformation function ...

Page 750: ...nvironment for developing VBA programs for automatic measurement Outputting to a Printer Plotter The 8753ES enables you to establish the print area covering an entire sheet or just a 1 4 sheet and to define traces the reference line and colors of warning messages In contrast the E5070B E5071B supports only full sheet output and an on off setting for highlighting the entire screen in connection wit...

Page 751: ...magnitude linear magnitude phase group delay Smith chart polar format SWR real imaginary log magnitude linear magnitude phase expanded phase positive phase group delay Smith chart polar format SWR real imaginary Test port output Number of ports 2 ports 2 ports Opts 213 214 3 ports Opts 313 314 4 ports Opts 413 414 Frequency 30 kHz to 3 GHz Std 30 kHz to 6 GHz Opt 006 300 kHz to 3 GHz E5070B 300 kH...

Page 752: ...llowed Not allowed Always sweeps all segments Sweep time Automatic Manual definable from the shortest time to 24 hours Automatic Manual range of definable sweep depends on sweep condition IF bandwidth 10 Hz 30 Hz 100 Hz 300 Hz 1 KHz 3 kHz 3 7 kHz 6 kHz 10 Hz 15 Hz 20 Hz 30 Hz 40 Hz 50 Hz 70 Hz 100 Hz 150 Hz 200 Hz 300 Hz 400 Hz 500 Hz 700 Hz 1 kHz 1 5 kHz 2 kHz 3 kHz 4 kHz 5 KHZ 7 KHZ 10 KHZ 15 KH...

Page 753: ...setting is definable for all channels On off setting is definable channel by channel Graph layout Up to four graphs can be displayed Windows are assigned to each channel up to sixteen windows can be displayed Up to sixteen graphs can be displayed in each window Math between data traces The results for channel 1 channel 2 can be displayed on the trace for channel 2 Not available Scale Auto scale Av...

Page 754: ... less than three ports Not available Full 3 port calibration Opts 313 314 413 and 414 only Full 4 port calibration Opts 413 and 414 only TRL LRM Calibration TRL Calibration Unknown Thru Omission of the isolation measurement Possible Can be omitted by designating it using the softkeys on the front panel or sending a GPIB command from the front panel Possible Isolation measurement is performed as an...

Page 755: ...dards Offset delay Offset loss Offset characteristic impedance Frequency range Offset type coaxial waveguide Unique to OPEN C0 C1 C2 C3 Unique to SHORT Not available L0 L1 L2 L3 Unique to LOAD Type of standard fixed sliding offset Not available the type of standard is treated as fixed load Unique to THRU Not available Arbitrary Impedance Type of standard fixed sliding Arbitrary Impedance Arbitrary...

Page 756: ...cient array after interpolating Reading data for a designated point or scope Allowed only for data traces Not allowed Marker Number of markers Up to five markers per channel Nine markers per tracer exclude reference marker Active marker One marker per channel One marker per trace Delta marker Reference marker Designates the marker displayed as the reference marker You can designate the reference m...

Page 757: ...er Values of the start stop center span CW frequency and reference line in the sweep range Values of the start stop center span and reference line in the sweep range Reading the marker value for remote control Possible for the active marker Possible for any marker Device test Limit test Limit test table One per channel Number of segments Up to 18 per table One per trace Number of segments Up to 10...

Page 758: ...register Questionable bandwidth limit channel status register Questionable bandwidth limit extra channel status register Questionable bandwidth limit channel extra status register Save Recall Storage Internal registers Internal disk floppy disk External disk connected through GPIB Internal hard disk Floppy disk Storage initialization Possible Available with mouse Save only LCD screen image Formatt...

Page 759: ...ort GPIB Parallel port USB Others Time domain transformation Available Take4 mode Available Not available Mixer measurement function Available Not available Harmonics measurement Available Opt 002 Not available Key manipulation related GPIB command GPIB commands that perform the same processing as do the front panel key and softkey manipulation Not available LAN interface Not available 10 Base T a...

Page 760: ...754 AppendixF Replacing the 8753ES with the E5070B E5071B Comparing Functions ...

Page 761: ...Automatic Sweep Time Mode switching 79 Average Menu Softkey Functions 662 Averaging Sweep to sweep Equation 395 averaging trigger 249 Avoid spurious Frequency offset measurement 320 B Balance measurement topology property 299 Balanced mixer 230 balanced port function 284 Balance Unbalance Conversion setting 298 Balance unbalance conversion function 293 Bandwidth Search 270 Bandwidth test 742 Conce...

Page 762: ...ce Conversion 300 Differential port impedance conversion 284 Digital Filter Data Processing 730 Dimensions specification 551 Directivity Errors 96 Display Data Processing 733 Display Menu Softkey Functions 688 Display mode 91 D M Trace status 48 documentation map 7 Documentation Warranty 5 Drift Errors 94 Duplexer Measuring Examples 493 Dynamic Range Expanding 394 E E5091A assigning test port 477 ...

Page 763: ... ECal 131 Full 3 Port Calibration 121 procedure 122 Using the 2 Port ECal Module 132 Full 4 Port Calibration 124 procedure 125 Using the 2 Port ECal Module 132 G Gat Trace status 48 Gating 345 General Information specification 547 GPIB setting 426 GPIB address Power meter 317 321 GPIB address setting External signal source 317 GP IB Cables Accessories 574 GPIB Connector 55 Graph layout 65 Graticul...

Page 764: ...7 Reading Values on the Trace 253 Search for the maximum 265 Search for the minimum 265 Search for the Target Value 266 Search Tracking 264 Searching for the Peak 268 Setting Up Markers for Coupled Operations Between Traces 258 Setting Up Markers for Each Trace 258 Marker Function Menu Softkey Functions 697 Marker Menu Softkey Functions 695 Marker Response Value setting up 253 Marker Search Menu S...

Page 765: ...onfirmation button 449 preset function 449 Preset Menu Softkey Functions 708 Printer Available printers 369 Printer Parallel Port 57 Printers Folder dialog box 372 Printing Preferences dialog box 371 Procedures for controlling external signal source 320 Programming Manual 7 Q Quick Start Guide 7 R Random Errors 94 Ratio Calculation Data Processing 731 Raw Data Array Data Processing 731 Rear Panel ...

Page 766: ...Setting the user preset 449 Signal Separator System Description 729 simplified calibration simplified 3 4 port TRL calibration 149 simplified full 3 4 port calibration 148 Simplified full 3 4 port calibration 102 single ended port function 283 Smith Chart manual scale adjustment 87 Smith Chart Format 83 Smo Trace status 48 Smoothing Data Processing 732 Softkey Menu Bar 42 Source match errors 97 So...

Page 767: ...t 110 procedure 110 Transmission tracking errors 98 Trigger setting 242 Trigger Menu Softkey Functions 725 Trigger Modes function 243 Trigger Scope 250 Trigger Source function 243 TRL 585 TRL 2 port calibration 137 TRL 3 port calibration 140 TRL 4 port calibration 144 TRL LRM Calibration Multiport TRL LRM Calibration 591 Performing multiport TRL LRM calibration 592 TRL LRM calibration 585 Execute ...

Page 768: ...rning Message 626 Web Server 439 Window labeling 89 Window Display maximizing 88 Window Displays settings 88 X X Axis Frequency data 321 Y Yr Trace status 48 Yt Trace status 48 Z Z0 69 Zr Trace status 48 Zt Trace status 48 ...

Page 769: ... 1 800 452 4844 fax 1 888 900 8921 Canada Test and Measurement Call Center tel 1 877 894 4414 fax 1 888 900 8921 China tel 800 810 0189 fax 800 820 2816 Europe tel 31 20 547 2323 fax 31 20 547 2390 Japan Call Center tel 0120 421 345 tel 81 426 56 7832 fax 81 426 56 7840 Korea tel 82 2 2004 5004 fax 82 2 2004 5115 Latin America tel 305 269 7500 fax 305 269 7599 Taiwan tel 0800 047 866 fax 0800 286 ...

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