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OPERATING GUIDELINES
E. SMD SOLDERING GUIDE (ConvectionStyle Reworking)
The handheld convectionstyle reworking is a newly developed rework
ing technique that reproduces the reflow oven soldering process using only a
portable hand held reflow gun.
The system is specially designed to accommodate the necessary safety
precautions in reworking highly sensitive and sophisticated SMD devices, ICs,
and components of plastic composition.
There are four stages developed to allow proper reflow of the target
device. Follow these steps to achieve proper convection style reworking.
Stage 1: Preheating
1. Prepare the unit to be worked upon on a stable elevated surface. A work
ing platform with locking mechanisms to secure the PCB is highly recom
mended. Use a preheating station if appropriate.
2. Apply solder paste to PCB pads .
3. Set the airflow level at 50 .
4. Set the temperature to about 270 degrees Celsius.
5. Hold the hot air gun vertically on top of the target device, leaving ap
proximately 3 cm of space between the mouthpiece of the hot air gun
and the target device.
6. Lift the hot air gun.
7. Begin preheating the target device by moving the hot air gun in a slow
spiral motion on top of it.
8. Maintain the gap between the hot air gun mouthpiece and target device
while continuing this motion for 30 to 90 seconds.
NOTE:
For larger sized PCB boards concentrate on the immediate
vicinity of the target device with a radius of about 3 to 5 cm.
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OPERATING GUIDELINES
Stage 2: Flux Activation
1. The entire PCB should be around 150 to 160 °C after stage 1.
2. To activate the flux lower the tip of the soldering gun by about 1cm. This
would increase the effective temperature to about 180200 °C
3. Continue the spiral motion but this time concentrate more on the target
device.
4. Smoke would come out of the solder paste which means the flux is acti
vated and doing its work.
5. Continue this motion for about 30 to 90 seconds while maintaining the
gap between the hot air gun mouthpiece and the target device.
Stage 3: Reflow Soldering
1. The entire PCB would be around 180 to 200 °C after stage 2.
2. We would need to lower the hot air gun nozzle another 0.5 cm. This
would increase the effective temperature to 220 to 260 °C .
3. Continue the reflow but limit the motion on the target device.
4. The solder paste would melt and bond the target device to the PCB.
5. Normal reflow time is around 30 to 90 seconds.
Stage 4: Cooling
1. The PCB needs to slowly cool down in order to minimize thermal shock.
2. Gradually raise the hot air gun to a height of about 15 cm or half a foot
from the target device or board.
3. Remove the hot air gun from the target device.
4. Allow the PCB to cool down.
NOTES:
1. The height of the tip may be lowered or raised depending on the target
device size the type of solder paste used.
2. Leadfree solder paste tends to need a higher temperature to reflow .
3. Larger IC packaging may need a longer time before reflow occurs.
4. Plastic components would need a lower temperature to avoid damage.