Sapporo TWIN
Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ
52
05060065 02 10/10/2007
ɄɅɂɆȺɌɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ
ɄɅȺɋɋɕ
ɉɈɆȿɓȿɇɂə
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ
ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɵɯ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧ
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɚɫɶ
ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ
ɫ
ɤɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɤɥɚɫɫɨɦ
3
(25°C;
Ɉɬɧ
.
ȼɥ
. 60%):
ȼɢɬɪɢɧɵ
ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɬ
ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ
ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ
ɧɢɠɟ
ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜ
:
-
Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ
ɨɛ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ
98/37 CEE
;
-
Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ
ɨ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣ
ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ
89/336 CEE
e
ɢ
ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ
ɢ
ɞɨɩɨɥɧɟɧɢ
92/31 CEE, 93/68 CEE
;
-
Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ
ɨ
ɧɢɡɤɨɦ
ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ
73/23 CEE
ɢ
ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ
ɢ
ɞɨɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ
93/68
CEE
.
ɇɚ
ɧɟɟ
ɧɟ
ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ
ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ
CEE 97/23 (PED)
,
ɬɚɤ
ɤɚɤ
ɨɧɚ
ɩɨɩɚɞɚɟɬ
ɩɨɞ
ɋɬɚɬɶɸ
1
ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɚ
3.
5.
ɂɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ
-
ɉɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ
ɞɚɧɧɵɟ
(Fig. 2)
ɇɚ
ɡɚɞɧɟɣ
ɫɬɟɧɤɟ
ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɨɣ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɵ
ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɟɥɟɧɚ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɚ
ɫɨ
ɜɫɟɦɢ
ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɦɢ
ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ
:
1
ɇɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ
ɢ
ɚɞɪɟɫ
ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɹ
2
ɇɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɢ
ɞɥɢɧɚ
ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɨɣ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɵ
3
Ʉɨɞ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɵ
4
Ɂɚɜɨɞɫɤɨɣ
ɧɨɦɟɪ
ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɨɣ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɵ
5
ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ
ɫɟɬɢ
6
ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ
ɬɨɤɚ
ɫɟɬɢ
7
ɉɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ
ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ
ɬɨɤɚ
8
ɉɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ
ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ
ɬɨɤɚ
ɜɨ
ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɮɚɡɵ
ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ
(
Ʉɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɨɪɵ
+
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ
+
ɝɢɛɤɢɟ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɤɚɛɟɥɢ
(
ɬɷɧɵ
))
9
ɉɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ
ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ
ɬɨɤɚ
ɜɨ
ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɮɚɡɵ
ɨɬɬɚɢɜɚɧɢɹ
(
Ƚɢɛɤɢɟ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɤɚɛɟɥɢ
(
ɬɷɧɵ
) +
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ
ɢɫɩɚɪɢɬɟɥɹ
)
10
Ɉɫɜɟɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ
(
ɝɞɟ
ɷɬɨ
ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɨ
)
11
ɉɨɥɟɡɧɚɹ
ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ
ɷɤɫɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ
12
Ɍɢɩ
ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɟɝɨ
ɝɚɡɚ
ɜ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
13
Ɇɚɫɫɚ
ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɟɝɨ
ɝɚɡɚ
ɜ
ɤɚɠɞɨɣ
ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ
14
Ʉɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɤɥɚɫɫ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
ɢ
ɷɬɚɥɨɧɧɚɹ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
15
Ʉɥɚɫɫ
ɡɚɳɢɬɵ
ɩɨ
ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ
16
ɇɨɦɟɪ
ɡɚɤɚɡɚ
,
ɩɨ
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ
ɛɵɥɚ
ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚ
ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɚɹ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɚ
17
ɇɨɦɟɪ
ɩɪɢɤɚɡɚ
,
ɩɨ
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ
ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɚɹ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɚ
ɛɵɥɚ
ɡɚɩɭɳɟɧɚ
ɜ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ
18
Ƚɨɞ
ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɨɣ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɵ
ɉɪɢ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ
ɡɚɩɪɨɫɚ
ɧɚ
ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ
ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɩɨɦɨɳɢ
ɞɥɹ
ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɵ
ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ
ɭɤɚɡɚɬɶ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
ɞɚɧɧɵɟ
:
-
ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
(Fig. 2 - 2);
-
ɡɚɜɨɞɫɤɨɣ
ɧɨɦɟɪ
(Fig. 2 - 4);
-
ɧɨɦɟɪ
ɡɚɤɚɡɚ
(Fig. 2 - 18).
6.
Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ
(Fig. 4)
ȼɢɬɪɢɧɚ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɧɚ
ɞɟɪɟɜɹɧɧɨɦ
ɩɨɞɞɨɧɟ
,
ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɨɦ
ɤ
ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɸ
,
ɱɬɨ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɵ
ɜɢɥɨɜɵɦɢ
ɩɨɝɪɭɡɱɢɤɚɦɢ
.
Ⱦɥɹ
ɩɨɞɧɹɬɢɹ
ɜɵɲɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɵ
ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ
ɪɭɱɧɨɣ
ɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɩɨɝɪɭɡɱɢɤ
,
ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɵɣ
ɧɚ
ɜɟɫ
ɢ
ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɵ
ɜɢɬɪɢɧɵ
.
Ʉɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɤɥɚɫɫ
Ɍɟɦɩɟɪ
.
ɩɨ
ɫɭɯɨɦɭ
ɬɟɪɦɨɦɟɬɪɭ
Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬ
.
ɜɥɚɠɧ
.
Ɍɨɱɤɚ
ɪɨɫɵ
1
16°C
80%
12°C
2
22°C
65%
15°C
3
25°C
60%
17°C
4
30°C
55%
20°C
5
40°C
40%
24°C
6
27°C
70%
21°C