Avidyne IFD410 FMS/GPS Pilot'S Manual Download | Manualshive

Page: 70 / 380

background image

IFD400 Series Pilot Guide

2-14 FMS Subsystem

insert cursor. Press the right knob button to bring up the
dropdown menu containing the options available after that leg.
Scroll the cursor down through the list until the desired airway
name is selected. Note that airways are always at the bottom of
the list.

Once the desired airway is selected, press the right knob button
or touch the selected airway and a list of exit points will appear in
a secondary dropdown. The list of exit points is presented in the
order along the airway, not in alphabetical order. Select the
desired exit point to insert the airway into the flight plan.

Airway Dropdown

Airway Exit Points

DELETING A WAYPOINT

From the FPL tab, use the bottom right knob on the IFD to scroll
up and down the flight plan until the edit cursor surrounds the
waypoint to be deleted. Press the “CLR” button on the right side
of the bezel to delete the waypoint. Continue pressing

the “CLR”

button and it will walk up the flight plan deleting earlier waypoints

«
...
68
69
70
71
72
...
»

Summary of Contents for IFD410 FMS/GPS

Page 1: ......

Page 2: ...ded some additional descriptions 03 December 2016 Update to accompany Software Release 10 2 0 0 04 March 2017 Formatting changes to improve printed copies 05 February 2018 Update to accompany Software Release 10 2 1 0 06 March 2018 Added network connection description 10 2 1 0 07 April 2019 Update to accompany Software Release 10 2 3 1 Combined all IFD400 series products into one document 08 Septe...

Page 3: ...age Layout and Formats 1 16 Com Nav 1 18 Frequency List 1 25 Transponder Control and Display 1 26 Direct To Operations 1 29 Function Keys 1 31 Touch Screen 1 33 Operations With wireless Devices 1 36 Dual IFD Operations 1 41 SBAS vs Non SBAS Operations 1 45 Interaction With External Devices 1 46 Before Takeoff Techniques 1 47 2 FMS Subsystem 2 1 FPL FLIGHT PLAN TAB 2 2 FMS Basic Concepts 2 2 Creati...

Page 4: ...UTE TAB 2 45 Creating A New Route 2 46 Editing a Route 2 46 Naming A Route 2 46 Copying A Route 2 47 Inverting A Route 2 48 Activating A Route 2 48 Deleting A Route 2 49 WPT USER WAYPOINTS TAB 2 51 Creating A User Waypoint 2 51 Naming A User Waypoint 2 52 Deleting A User Waypoint 2 52 Designating A User Waypoint As An Airfield 2 52 NRST NEAREST TAB 2 54 3 Map Subsystem 3 1 MAP TAB 3 1 Map Controls...

Page 5: ...1 AUDIO TAB 4 2 Volume Control 4 2 Satellite Radio Tuning 4 4 Com Presets 4 6 UTIL UTILITIES TAB 4 8 Timers 4 8 Calculators 4 11 Electronic Checklist 4 16 SETUP TAB 4 20 Category Structure 4 20 Item structure 4 21 Item editing 4 21 Alerts Category 4 24 Connectivity Category 4 27 Datablocks Category 4 35 Display Category 4 49 FMS Category 4 52 Map Category 4 57 Radio Category 4 62 Terrain Category ...

Page 6: ...5 29 MISSED APPROACH 5 31 RETRY APPROACH 5 33 ENROUTE VERTICAL NAVIGATION VNAV 5 34 Allowing Enroute VNAV 5 35 Defining the enroute VNAV altitude target 5 35 Defining the descent path 5 36 Vertical Direct To 5 37 Enroute Vnav Indications 5 38 RECOMMENDED ICAO EQUIPMENT CODES 5 40 6 General 6 1 CREW ALERTING SYSTEM CAS ALERTS 6 2 Master Caution Lamp 6 2 Alert Message Bar 6 3 SELF TEST OUTPUT 6 27 S...

Page 7: ...ts 6 50 Déclaration s de conformité réglementaire 6 51 FIS B Weather 6 52 MAINTENANCE MODE 6 53 Starting Maintenance Mode at power up 6 53 Starting Maintenance Mode from Flight Mode 6 53 Exiting Maintenance Mode 6 55 DATABASE UPDATES 6 56 SOFTWARE UPDATES 6 62 DATALOGS DOWNLOAD 6 63 USER DATA BACKUP RESTORATION PROCEDURE 6 68 Saving User Data 6 68 Reloading Previously Stored User Data 6 69 TRANSFE...

Page 8: ......

Page 9: ...fety implications While it is important for the operator to be familiar with all of the information in the manual it is essential to the safe use of the IFD that pilots give careful attention to the material contained within these NOTEs In order to avoid a diversion of attention from the task of safely taxiing pilots should avoid performing the described cockpit tasks while the aircraft is in moti...

Page 10: ...r whose primary function is to conduct VHF communication and navigation and serve as the primary navigation system for all VFR and IFR VHF and GPS navigation and instrument flying provided it is connected to an external navigation source selection annunciator and a CDI HSI indicator that is installed in the required field of view IFD440 Integrated Flight Display Supplemental IFD functions include ...

Page 11: ...n the required field of view The IFD410 cannot be used to execute terminal area procedures that rely on VHF navigation The IFD410 bezel differs physically from the IFD440 in that the radio controls along the left side of the bezel are absent the navigation source selection knob is replaced by an OBS button and the volume knob is replaced by a single function power on off button IFD410 Integrated F...

Page 12: ...isplay Traffic display Electronic checklists Data logging Crew Alerting System CAS Utilities e g Schedulers Timers Calculators Multi touch touch screen control Multiple IFD operations Remote transponder control and display WiFi and Bluetooth communication The system has been designed for single pilot IFR operation and features a Page and Tab user interface Most functions revolve around the page ke...

Page 13: ...anada and most of Central America EGNOS most of Europe and North Africa MSAS Japan and GAGNAN India These are regional augmentations of the GPS satellite constellation and should not be interpreted as meaning the IFD is compatible with other GNSS constellation systems such as Galileo Europe GLONASS Russia or Compass China NOTE The HTAWS functions provided by the IFD are compliant with TSO C194 ...

Page 14: ...side of the bezel These are different from page keys in that they are labeled on the screen just inside the bezel adjacent to the physical button indicating the function of the LSK An LSK can either represent an action or a state A State LSK is identified by a title on the first row shown in blue green and the current state on the second row shown in white The title reflects the system function or...

Page 15: ...eft and right side respectively The symbol used to represent the knob button is a ring with a center dot Right Knob Label Scheme In the example above the outer knob scrolls through a list in a coarse manner and the inner knob scrolls through the same list stopping at each minor field along the way Pushing the knob generates a drop down menu COLOR PHILOSOPHY There are a few generalities with the us...

Page 16: ...an also be Red Yellow or Cyan if there is an active alert as described later in this manual FMS Fly To Data e g active leg of flight plan To Waypoint datablock Magenta Active Navigation Data e g Active Com frequency Active Navigation frequency Active Navigation Source mode Green Line Select Key Labels Light Blue Green Line Select Key States White ...

Page 17: ...b Page Function Keys Cam Latch Line Select Keys Dedicated Function Keys Context Sensitive Knob Volume Power Squelch Knob CDI Nav Source Knob Ambient Light Sensor Frequency Swap USB Port Page Function Keys Cam Latch Line Select Keys Dedicated Function Keys Context Sensitive Knob Power Button GPS OBS Button Ambient Light Sensor USB Port ...

Page 18: ...entric rotary knob as a means of manually tuning communication and navigation frequencies Mechanical cam latch access hole for installation Page keys along the bottom USB port for database updates datalog downloads software updates and powering USB devices in flight Dual concentric rotary knob that is page dependent Four 4 dedicated function keys consisting of o Direct To D o Procedure PROC o Ente...

Page 19: ...l seconds for the IFD to complete the power up process The power button in the top left corner can be used to turn the unit off and to turn the unit back on again To turn the unit off press and hold the button A five second countdown will be displayed At the end of the countdown the unit will be powered off Manual Power Down COOL FEATURE Briefly pressing and then releasing the power button is a co...

Page 20: ...mming controls or using ambient light sensor photocell that is embedded in the bezel Brightness Controls Depending on how the installer configured the brightness controls at time of installation the Photocell setting will typically revert to the dimming bus setting in low ambient light conditions If the IFD appears to be inoperative or non responsive from a lighting perspective check the aircraft ...

Page 21: ...nditions There is no pilot action that must be performed on this page and it will automatically be removed after several seconds A software version and database currency page is displayed only if there any expired databases Avidyne does not recommend operating with expired databases but the system will allow operation by pressing the Proceed followed by the Confirm LSKs If the IFD has been configu...

Page 22: ...tabs for 10 30 seconds TIPS AND TECHNIQUES GPS No Position Message Possible at Startup If the GPS takes an unusually long time e g more than 2 minutes to acquire an initial position fix the GPS No Position advisory message will be displayed This message will automatically clear itself when a position fix is acquired If the message does not remove itself by the time you are ready to taxi it is a cl...

Page 23: ...ow Invalid Type Database Invalid Yellow NOTE Use of Not Yet Effective Data If attempting to use not yet effective nav data it is the responsibility of the pilot in command to verify there are no differences between the current data and the not yet effective data before it is permissible to use the not yet effective data TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Manual Check of Database Dates Even if the databases are a...

Page 24: ...change the contents of the rest of the display Each page has a number of associated tabs Each page key has a left and right rocker nature to it To select a tab using the page key press the left or right side of the key until the desired tab is selected To select a tab using the touchscreen just touch the desired tab The last tab selected on any given page is retained in memory and will be displaye...

Page 25: ...y gray boxes in the illustration below The right side datablocks can be shown or hidden using any of the following methods Touch the side tab Use a left or right swiping motion on the tab Press and hold the left or right side of the page key until the datablocks are shown or hidden Map Data Split Map FPL Split Map NRST Split ...

Page 26: ...ency when the bezel Frequency Swap button is pressed The active com frequency is displayed in green and the standby frequency is displayed in white COOL FEATURE Decoded Facility Identifier The facility e g Ground Tower Approach for the Active and Standby com frequencies are displayed in each com frequency slot This is a handy reminder of the facility that is tuned in each slot Similarly if the fre...

Page 27: ... the audio panel for monitoring This permits the pilot to monitor a second communications channel e g ATIS while still connected to the active communications channel Not all audio panels can support this capability However the Avidyne AMX240 and several other third party panels do offer this feature Switching Tuning Controls The lower left knob is used to switch between display and control of comm...

Page 28: ...tuned is highlighted in reverse video as shown below Manual Com Nav Tuning Reverse Video The Standby frequency can also be tuned by touching the block on the display When using this method a virtual keyboard is displayed Enter the desired frequency into the numeric keypad and press ENTR either on the virtual keypad or on the bezel The virtual keyboard will be dismissed after ten seconds of inactiv...

Page 29: ...ing operation of the frequency list The Standby can also be tuned from other pages on the IFD such as the INFO or NRST Tab on the FMS page Invalid Frequency Entry Attempt Attempting to type an invalid frequency e g typing a nav frequency in a communications slot will produce a temporary error message indicating the mistake This message is unavailable in dual IFD installations that have Keyboard Co...

Page 30: ...ck mic situation defined as 30 seconds or more of continuous transmission a Stuck Mic CAS message will be displayed and the transmitter will be disabled until the stuck mic condition is resolved Alternate Tuning Controls The IFD has the capability to receive external inputs for tuning preset frequencies and swapping the standby frequency into the active These inputs are typically driven by dedicat...

Page 31: ...is available only in a dual installation when cross sync is enabled When enabled the remote IFD tuning feature introduces the other IFD Com and Nav radios into the cycle accessed by pressing the lower left knob The IFD1 radios will be identified as COM1 and NAV1 whereas the IFD2 radios will be identified as COM2 and NAV2 So instead of the normal Com Nav Transponder cycle described on page 1 19 the...

Page 32: ...lity is present when dedicated third party radio control display units are wired into the aircraft Usually in these cases when the radio control display unit is active the Active and Standby frequencies are only displayed on that external control display unit and not on the IFD even though the actual radio is still housed inside the IFD ...

Page 33: ...cent a running list of the most recent 10 com frequencies that had been selected for the Active frequency persists across power cycles Frequency List Page The selected tab can be changed by rotating the right outer knob or by touching the desired tab The airport and enroute tabs only populate when there is a GPS position The list under each tab can be scrolled by swiping up or down on the touchscr...

Page 34: ...he display A round R reply indication will light up in the transponder datablock area whenever the transponder is in an active Reply state If the IFD is unable to communicate with the remote transponder an associated CAS message is displayed and the transponder data blocks may be replaced with a red X Typical Transponder Datablock Locations Transponder Control The preferred method of controlling t...

Page 35: ... knob First press the knob until the transponder tuning data is displayed in the upper left corner of the display Then turn the knob until the desired code is shown The outer knob adjusts the first two digits and the inner knob adjusts the second two digits During entry the code will be highlighted The new code will be set once the highlighting is removed Transponder Mode To change the transponder...

Page 36: ...directed by Air Traffic Control VFR To quickly set the regional VFR code press the VFR key To return to the previous code press the VFR key again The regional VFR code can be set using the Setup Page see page 4 67 IDENT To perform an IDENT function press the IDENT key The Ident in transponder data blocks will be highlighted in green while the transponder is transmitting the Ident pulse If a transp...

Page 37: ... pops up on the display to accept If a different waypoint is desired there are a number of ways in which the proper waypoint can be entered in that Direct To dialog box Turn the bottom right outer knob to populate the dialog box with by scrolling through the waypoints in the flight plan This technique will only include waypoints within a missed approach if the missed approach is enabled When the d...

Page 38: ...he keypad to accept Turn the bottom right inner knob to start editing the identifier Use the inner knob to change characters and the outer knob to change cursor position It may not be necessary to enter every character since the field is managed by Geofill When the desired waypoint is displayed press the knob button or the ENTR key to accept ...

Page 39: ...est Airports o Nearest Airports to Destination o Nearest VORs o Nearest NDBs o Nearest Intersections o Nearest ARTCCs o Nearest FSS o Nearest Airspace o Nearest User Waypoints PROC The PROC key acts as a shortcut for attaching a published arrival or approach procedure to a waypoint in your flight plan It can be used at any time The first press of the key results in the IFD displaying the FPL tab o...

Page 40: ...ob to scroll up or down the list until the desired procedure is highlighted and then push the knob in to add that procedure to the flight plan If there is no flight plan pressing the PROC key will present the FPL tab with an insert cursor at the top of the page but will not present any procedures ENTR The use can vary slightly depending on the scenario but ENTR is always related to the Enter Accep...

Page 41: ...eful during turbulent or bumpy flight conditions where it is often very difficult to precisely and reliably touch the desired point on the display Having a physical bezel control provides an anchor point or control to hold on to and exercise the intended action TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Turn off the touch screen The Setup Page provides an option to disable the touch screen This can come in handy in exce...

Page 42: ...g Rubber banding Changing the Primary Navigation Source Calling up a map page info box Starting the Frequency List Changing remote transponder mode Frequency Swap When editing data e g FMS waypoint data chart identifiers using touch virtual keyboards are displayed on the IFD There are several virtual keyboard layouts including a numeric keypad to support the needs of the various entry fields throu...

Page 43: ...e that entry to be invalid and present an alert box stating the entry is invalid Validity logic is not applied on cross side keyboards in dual IFD installations Invalid Keyboard Entry Alert TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Optimal Touch Performance The touchscreen works best when the area being touched is maximized Avoid using just fingernail contact or just the tip of a finger Increased pressure on the glass ...

Page 44: ... wireless device is interfering with the proper functioning of the IFD In order to quickly disconnect the WiFi and Bluetooth interfaces press and hold the power button in the top left corner of the IFD until the countdown starts then release the button At that point a large green dialog box will appear showing two options Accept and Ignore as shown below WiFi Bluetooth Enable Disable Confirmation ...

Page 45: ... Dual IFD Installations Should Only Pair 1 IFD To avoid issues arising from a keyboard only being able to pair with one device at a time dual IFD installations should turn off Bluetooth in the Setup page on one IFD See page 6 69 for Bluetooth keyboard pairing procedures All labeled keys are fully functional The light bulb key turns on backlighting for the keyboard The vertical two headed arrow key...

Page 46: ...ection and display on the third party application Traffic data streaming from the IFD to a third party application for display on the third party application Weather data streaming from the IFD to a third party application for display on the third party application Traffic and weather data streaming from portable ADS B devices for display on the IFD Flight plan route data transmitted by a third pa...

Page 47: ...Use One WiFi For reliable WiFi operations Avidyne recommends turning off WiFi on one of the IFDs see the Setup Page Bluetooth WiFi Status Indications Bluetooth and WiFi icons will be displayed at the top right corner of the display just left of the nav mode when the respective function has been enabled The WiFi and Bluetooth icons will change color depending on connection status Icons will not app...

Page 48: ... System Overview WiFi and Bluetooth Connected Icons If the user has disconnected WiFi Bluetooth the gray logos above are depicted with a slash through them indicating they are not connected due to being actively disabled by the user ...

Page 49: ...nience mode is enabled via the Setup Page and an entry is initiated on one IFD the virtual keyboard will be displayed on the other IFD This feature allows the entry to be made without having the virtual keyboard obscure the field being entered Shared Data Dual IFD Operations The following list of data will be shared between two IFDs if properly configured for data sharing Enables the integration o...

Page 50: ...n SBAS If one IFD is set up with a SBAS antenna and one is set up with a non SBAS antenna then the FMS related data flight plans waypoints routes will not be shared between IFDs NOTE Dissimilar Weather Traffic Data Not Shared Dissimilar weather data sources e g GDL 69 data on one IFD and SkyTrax100 data on the other IFD will not be shared between IFDs Each IFD will display its own weather data in ...

Page 51: ... be turned on in both IFDs this is a maintenance mode setting Both IFDs must have the same SBAS antenna configuration Both IFDs must have the same navigation database cycle Both IFDs must have the same software version Both IFDs must have the same setting for whether RF Legs are enabled Independent Data Dual IFD Operations The following list of data will never be shared between two IFDs no matter ...

Page 52: ...tabases While Avidyne strongly recommends the databases on each IFD be kept up to date and on the same cycle data sharing between IFDs as defined above in Data Sharing Dual IFD Operations is not disabled when different data cycles are present on the two IFDs Flight plans do not share in that case but the rest of the data will be shared ...

Page 53: ...he FMS and SBAS glideslopes will be displayed when appropriate When configured for or connected to a non SBAS antenna or a non approved SBAS antenna at installation the IFD will not provide any SBAS functionality For example SBAS approaches such as LPVs will not be presented as an available choice within the FMS For dual IFD installations in which one IFD is SBAS capable and the other IFD is non S...

Page 54: ...ctions As a condition for certification the IFD is approved for integration with all equipment the GNS 530 is approved for plus the IFD is approved for integration with additional equipment beyond those authorized for use with the GNS system NOTE Shared Data Between Panel IFD and IFD100 Almost all of the same data sharing rules apply between a panel mounted IFD and the IFD100 application running o...

Page 55: ...e sure to check the Setup page for your personal preferences Avidyne recommends creating and using the Checklist utility and including a Before Takeoff checklist that meets your personal needs TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Avoid The Use of Polarized Sunglasses Avidyne recommends avoiding the use of polarized sunglasses when using the IFD due to likely washing out of colors and apparent dimming ...

Page 56: ......

Page 57: ... The INFO tab provides a method for showing information about aviation facilities contained in the navigation database The ROUTE tab provides a method for managing stored routes Stored routes can be created modified and deleting using this page A stored route can also be activated which will copy it to the flight plan and activating it thus making it the plan to which guidance will be provided The...

Page 58: ...t plan can consist of up to 128 legs Each row is laid out based on a via to concept The path to be taken is the via and is displayed in the upper left portion of the row The terminus of the leg is the to and is displayed below and slightly to the right of the via Various statistics are displayed to the right of the to field Each row in the flight plan is color coded to aid in identifying important...

Page 59: ...w LSK can be set to either Expanded or Compact Typically the view is set to Expanded which causes each row in the flight plan to represent a leg in the flight plan This view is useful to track progress during the flight In expanded view displayed to the right of the to field is a set of statistics for the leg arranged in two lines The first line contains the distance and time remaining on that leg...

Page 60: ...panded The compact view is useful for viewing flight plans in a format that more closely resembles a clearance When a row represents an entire procedure the layout is similar to that of a leg but the via field contains the name of the procedure and the statistics are cumulative covering all legs in the procedure Mini Flight Plan Format Mini Flight Plan Format can be selected using the Setup Page W...

Page 61: ...both the map and the flight plan can be seen at once In order to enable split view either touch the Map tab or press and hold the right side of the FMS button Once split view is active the full FPL page can be restored by again touching the tab which is now labeled FPL or by pressing and holding the left side of the FMS button Because of the reduced width available for displaying flight plan rows ...

Page 62: ...ew being active the legend Cursor Centered will be displayed near the top of the map By moving the cursor through the flight plan and having an appropriate zoom level a nice overview of the flight plan can be performed Cursor View Active Flight Plan Cursors There are three types of cursors an insert cursor an edit cursor and a field cursor An insert cursor appears as a thin cyan horizontal line th...

Page 63: ...l Cursor movement can also be controlled using the touchscreen Touching between rows will move the insert cursor to that position Touching a row that is not already surrounded by the edit cursor will move the edit cursor to that position Touching a field within a row that is surrounded by the cursor will move the field cursor to that position Flight plan editing Throughout the FMS Subsystem sectio...

Page 64: ...lecting a field using the touch screen will cause a virtual keyboard to appear At that point either the keyboard or the knobs can be used to enter the value To complete an edit press the right knob button touch the ENTR key on the virtual keyboard press the ENTR button on the right side of the IFD or press the Enter LSK By turning and pressing only the bottom right knob it is possible to enter an ...

Page 65: ...r of flight plan legs out of sight below the bottom of the display PREVIEWING FLIGHT PLANS Using the split view flight plan modifications can be previewed as they are being modified on the FMS page As a flight plan is being built on the right side of the page the map will automatically resize attempting to show the entire modification being made Those changes are shown on the map using a cyan colo...

Page 66: ...containing available departures for the origin airport TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Vector Standard Instrument Departure SID Vector or Radar SIDs are not likely to be part of the list of available departures in the FMS dropdown This is due to the nature of the data encoding from the supplier They are however likely to be present in the list of available charts for the departure field Vector or Radar SIDs a...

Page 67: ...that one and no dropdown for enroute transitions will be presented There are departures that have no published enroute transitions In those cases this entire step is skipped Departure Enroute Transition Dropdown COOL FEATURE If a departure has at least one enroute transition and the departure has a common segment after runway transitions from which all enroute transitions are started the dropdown ...

Page 68: ... menu showing all of the runway transitions and the pilot will select the desired transition Once that selection has been made the procedure and all selected transitions will be inserted into the flight plan Departure Runway Transition Dropdown If the inserted departure had a selected runway transition and either the airport had no selected runway or the selected runway was not applicable to the d...

Page 69: ... on another FMS page and the cursor is around an identifier that can be used as a waypoint a quick way to enter that identifier into the flight plan is provided by the Paste LSK Go directly to the FPL page start the waypoint entry using the knob and the Paste LSK will appear at the topmost LSK The LSK is also available when using the virtual keyboard but the LSK is obscured on the screen by the ke...

Page 70: ... a list of exit points will appear in a secondary dropdown The list of exit points is presented in the order along the airway not in alphabetical order Select the desired exit point to insert the airway into the flight plan Airway Dropdown Airway Exit Points DELETING A WAYPOINT From the FPL tab use the bottom right knob on the IFD to scroll up and down the flight plan until the edit cursor surroun...

Page 71: ...rsor surrounds the waypoint to be modified Use the inner knob to highlight one of the editable fields with reverse video Pushing the knob provides a drop down box from which the changes can be made Alternatively touching the field to be edited will display a virtual keyboard which can be used to enter the desired data changes ADDING ALTITUDE CONSTRAINTS Most legs allow for the entry of an altitude...

Page 72: ...crossing distance is 5 0nm for airports and 0 0nm for all other waypoints The only waypoints that do not permit altitude constraints are Origin Destination if it has an approach selected Missed Approach Point Altitude Terminated Legs Altitude constraints are used to drive enroute VNAV functions see page 5 34 DIRECT TO Direct To clearances are sometimes issued to waypoints that are not currently in...

Page 73: ...rently displayed page is an FMS page specifically denoting an eligible fix the identifier of the fix If the currently displayed page is not an FMS page or it does not specifically denote an eligible fix and the flight plan has at least one leg the identifier associated with the leg surrounded by the cursor on the FPL page The identifier of the closest airport an eligible fix is an Airport VOR NDB ...

Page 74: ...ss the Enter LSK to confirm the operation Press CLR or the Cancel LSK to abort the operation Direct To Confirmation Determining Offpath or OnPath When the direct to identifier is selected by scrolling through the flight plan the direct to will always be considered onpath Otherwise the FMS looks through the flight plan starting with the active leg and continuing downpath for a leg with a matching i...

Page 75: ...tinuity or it may include deleting and inserting other legs Offpath Direct To gap inserted When the active leg is part of an arrival or an approach and an offpath direct to is performed the direct to will be inserted after the end of the missed approach or after the destination if there is no associated missed approach When the active leg is part of a departure and an offpath direct to is performe...

Page 76: ... course adjust knob i e course set knob on a CDI or HSI or EFIS If there is no installed external course setting device then turn the IFD nav source knob to adjust the FMS Course value For IFDs without a nav source knob e g IFD510 the course can be adjusted by turning the inner knob but only on a page under the Map subsystem FMS Course mode makes the current waypoint act like a VOR Select the desi...

Page 77: ... Pressing the nav source knob while the FMS course function is active will also cancel the FMS Course mode and return to GPS as the active nav source mode The FMS Course will remain active if a From course is dialed and the airplane does not intercept the FPL VLOC Method If the Nav Source knob is set to VLOC as the active nav mode and a VOR station is tuned and received then use the external cours...

Page 78: ...ght plan Push in the bottom right knob or touch the position on the glass Note that a hold is available via the drop down list Scroll up or down the dropdown list as required and push the bottom right knob or touch the hold option in the list to insert a hold flight plan leg TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Using Holding Patterns The hold pattern leg type has a field for the inbound course to the hold waypoint...

Page 79: ...ill restore the original parameters Note that this only applies to holds that are inserted versus holds that are defined as a leg in a terminal area procedure the most common case being a course reversal on an approach for those holds there s no Standard Hold LSK since it is unlikely this would be a desired course of action If however a hold parameter is manually changed the Hold As Published LSK ...

Page 80: ... and instead will fly to the point where the leg to the fix intercepts the orbit Orbit Row in Flight Plan If the orbit radius is larger than the distance from the aircraft to the orbit fix then the aircraft will intercept the orbit on the extended radial between the orbit fix and the aircraft Just like a traditional holding pattern there is no insert cursor between a fix and a subsequent orbit The...

Page 81: ...se Press the right knob button or touch the selected field to start making the edit COOL FEATURE Graphical Flight Plan Leg To aid in situational awareness procedure turns and holding patterns are shown in the flight plan with a graphical representation as illustrated below Procedure Turn Leg ACTIVATING A FLIGHT PLAN When a flight plan is entered on the ground the flight plan will be inactive and n...

Page 82: ...e confirm dialog box when it is displayed Doing so will turn that leg magenta confirming that it is now the active leg TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Impending Turn Notification If flying the defined flight plan the IFD will provide a message about an impending turn that includes the upcoming desired track DTK and a 10 second 30 second if the required turn is more than 120 degrees count down COOL FEATURE The...

Page 83: ...ty to create and fly a lateral offset from your flight plan From the FPL tab of the FMS page with the cursor around or above the active leg press the Offset Route LSK and use the right hand knob on the IFD to dial in the desired offset Use the outer knob to change the value in 1nm increments and the inner knob for 0 1nm increments Turn the knob left for left offsets and right for right offsets Onc...

Page 84: ...ns Gap In Route A Gap In Route discontinuity is typically caused by the entry of an approach when the preceding leg does not terminate at the same waypoint as the first waypoint in the approach This is because the FMS does not assume that it is safe to proceed directly from the last enroute waypoint to the first point on the approach If the pilot has confirmed that a direct path is indeed safe and...

Page 85: ...n approach the FMS will not combine the two waypoints This allows flexibility in flight planning because additional legs can then be inserted prior to the arrival approach if necessary If no other waypoints are inserted and the aircraft arrives at the common waypoint with the gap removed the FMS will recognize that the two waypoints are the same and sequence both of them thus activating the subseq...

Page 86: ...arance but if that situation arises the pilot will have to manually activate the leg after the FAF while approaching the FAF in order to continue FMS guidance on the approach Extra caution should be taken to ensure that a stabilized approach can be conducted ENROUTE DESCENTS A green circular top of descent TOD marker and label is drawn on the map when flying on path along the FMS flight plan givin...

Page 87: ...n the map that depicts the geographic point where at the current vertical speed the aircraft will reach the altitude target The altitude target is any crossing restriction on a waypoint that is either manually entered or a part of a procedure It will be removed from the map when current aircraft altitude is within 150 feet of the target altitude ...

Page 88: ... Fix FAF published altitude If your flight plan contains consecutive approaches and you activate the next approach during climb out from the previous approach and prior to reaching the next approach s FAF altitude this Check Altitude Too Low message may be displayed ENTERING AN ARRIVAL AND APPROACH To enter an arrival or an approach use the right inner and outer knob to move the cursor to a point ...

Page 89: ...ill present a dropdown from which to select the desired procedure The process for using the dropdowns to select the arrival and or approach and any enroute and runway transitions is the same as the process for selecting a departure Arrivals Dropdown When an approach is being entered Vectors To Final VTF will be presented in the dropdown containing approach transitions Since approaches do not have ...

Page 90: ...he legs will be inserted into the flight plan and the corresponding destination airport field will contain the name of the procedure that was just inserted In expanded view a white bracket will be presented along the left side of the legs in the procedure labeled with the name of the procedure Procedure Brackets ...

Page 91: ...p through all following destination airfields approaches and arrivals in the flight plan and wrap back around to the top of the flight plan When the dropdown is presented for the intended field use either the right knob button or touch to scroll the list until the desired procedure is selected then push the right knob button to add that procedure to the flight plan If there is no flight plan then ...

Page 92: ...lected the familiar transition dropdown will appear The dropdown contains selections for a straight in approach and for base and downwind pattern entries using both left and right turns as illustrated below Visual approach entries dropdown A visual approach consists of a single flight plan leg aligned with the runway heading terminating at the runway threshold Altitude constraints cannot be entere...

Page 93: ...ind to runway 22 When flying a visual approach lateral deviations are provided to the final approach course Advisory vertical deviations are also provided once the aircraft track is at most 90 degrees to the final approach course Therefore on a downwind entry the VDI will remain flagged until the aircraft completes the turn to base Visual approaches are activated exactly like instrument approaches...

Page 94: ... final approach Additionally there is a setting to enable or disable visual approaches When set to disabled visual approaches will no longer be presented in dropdown menus IMPORTANT NOTE Once a visual approach has been inserted into the flight plan it retains the settings that were in effect when it was inserted To change the final length pattern width or glideslope of the approach in the flight p...

Page 95: ...commended to delete a an approach from an active flight plan if you want to replace the approach with another one for the same airfield press the PROC key and select a new approach If you just want to delete the approach altogether scroll the flight plan to the blue airfield leg ensure the cyan highlight is on the approach field and press the CLR button ...

Page 96: ...raphical depiction on the map This aids in error reduction and helps visually see options for diverts weather avoidance etc Map FPL Split Page COOL FEATURE METAR Flags in Flight Plan When a weather datalink device is installed in the airplane and providing METAR data to the IFD color METAR flags will be included in the flight plan leg depiction along the right edge This is designed to give you a q...

Page 97: ... A search function accessible via the Search LSK is also available to help find the identifier of the facility for which more information is desired If a nav frequency is associated with the facility displayed then it will be displayed in that same top block with the facility identifier The frequency can be nominated into the standby nav slot by either touching the frequency or by using the bottom...

Page 98: ...ion and the graphical depiction will show lighting Nearby Navaids when the info page fix is an airport this panel is present and contains navaids within 40nm of the airport up to a maximum of 10 navaids Each navaid row displays the navaid identifier distance from the Info fix cardinal direction from the Info fix and navaid frequency Possible navaids are VOR VORTAC TACAN VOR DME DME and NDBs that a...

Page 99: ...by using the bottom right knob it can be nominated copied into the standby slot Weather provides four additional rows of data if known METAR TAF Winds Aloft and Temps Aloft Selecting any of the additional rows via touch or the bottom knob will display additional sub category data Wind and temp data will represent data from the nearest known point within approximately 30nm NOTE Map Switches Switchi...

Page 100: ...IFD400 Series Pilot Guide 2 44 FMS Subsystem Info Tab Nearby Navaids ...

Page 101: ...eing used on the FPL page This row is provided as a mechanism to allow the copying and inverting of the active flight plan Note that all active flight plan editing is performed on the FPL page Therefore attempting to edit when this row is selected will have no effect The New Route row represents a new route to be created Selecting this route will start the process of creating a new stored route A ...

Page 102: ...ng the row again At that point the route to be edited will appear Except for an additional row containing the route name at the top of the screen the route will appear in the familiar format used on the FPL page Use the same methods as described on the FPL page to edit the stored route When editing is complete press the Back To Route List LSK NAMING A ROUTE A row containing the route name will be ...

Page 103: ...ied and then press the Copy LSK A copy of the route will have been created and the route will be presented for editing Note that the route name remains unchanged so unless something is edited to cause the route name to be changed upon return to the route list there will be two routes with the same name It is possible to save of the active flight plan by highlighting the Current Route row and press...

Page 104: ...ake an inverted copy of an existing stored route move the cursor to surround the route to be inverted and then press the Invert LSK An inverted copy of the route will have been created and the route will be presented for editing It is possible to invert the active flight plan by highlighting the Current Route row and pressing the Invert LSK Pressing the Back To Route List LSK with no changes will ...

Page 105: ...along the left edge of the display The IFD will show the FPL tab with the desired route activated Activate Route LSK DELETING A ROUTE To delete a stored route move the cursor to surround the route to be deleted and then press the CLR key along the right edge of the display A confirmation dialog box will then be displayed saying Delete name of flight plan Confirm the deletion by either touching the...

Page 106: ...00 Series Pilot Guide 2 50 FMS Subsystem COOL FEATURE The flight plan can be deleted by moving the cursor to surround the Current Route row then pressing the CLR key The IFD will return to an empty FPL page ...

Page 107: ...at LSK until the Lat Lon option appears Enter the waypoint coordinates and then press the Enter LSK to save the waypoint Enter Radial Radial an intersection of two radials Press the New LSK then press the Format LSK until the Rad Rad option appears Enter the fixes and radials Then press the Enter LSK to save the waypoint Enter Radial Distance Press the New LSK then press the Format LSK until the R...

Page 108: ...knob DELETING A USER WAYPOINT There are two methods to delete an existing user waypoint Either highlight the waypoint to be deleted and press the CLR button on the bezel and then the ENTR button when the green confirm dialog box is displayed or use the Delete Waypoint LSK along the left edge of the display and then use the ENTR button when the green confirm dialog box is displayed or touch the gre...

Page 109: ...m 2 53 User Waypoint Airfield Depiction on Map COOL FEATURE User waypoints can be uploaded to the IFD from a CSV file and downloaded to a CSV file from the IFD using Maintenance Mode See Transferring User Waypoints on page 6 69 for details ...

Page 110: ... two formats is accomplished by opening or closing the side tab when on the Nearest page Full Nearest Tab Split Nearest Tab The Nearest LSK along the left edge can be used to cycle through the various nearest types Choices include Nearest Airports Nearest Airports to Destination Nearest VORs Nearest NDBs Nearest Intersections Nearest ARTCCs out to 200nm from ownship Nearest FSS ...

Page 111: ...ETAR flag will be displayed on the right side Each Nearest type list can be scrolled either via touch use a vertical swipe of the finger or via the bottom knob If the highlighted item is an airport pressing the Direct To key on the bezel will display the Direct To green dialog box with the highlighted airport pre populated as the Direct To location Pressing the NRST key will bring up the Nearest t...

Page 112: ... and press ENTR ENTR to make that the active waypoint Then press the PROC key to produce a dropdown list of approaches and select the desired one To quickly get the tower frequency of that airfield press the NRST button on the bezel and confirm the departure airfield is the highlighted row You can then press the bottom knob to nominate that frequency into the standby slot for swapping NOTE Nearest...

Page 113: ...ystem contains several pages as shown below The SVS tab shows an exocentric synthetic vision view around the aircraft The MAP tab shows a plan view representation of the environment around the aircraft much like a sectional chart The map can be panned away from the aircraft ...

Page 114: ...ation of what the system will do next All future legs beyond the next leg will be depicted in white MAP CONTROLS Turning the bottom right knob or using pinch zoom touch gestures will result in a map range change Map range choices extend from 2 nm up to 1000 nm Current map range is indicated on the outer map range ring at approximately the 1 30 position and as noted above the map range can be adjus...

Page 115: ...Page North Up 360 View Example North Up can be either Magnetic North or True North depending on the Bearing Reference selection on the Setup Page Track Up Arc View Example NOTE Chart Data Reliance Always refer to current aeronautical charts for appropriate terrain and obstacle information Do not rely on the IFD as your sole source of obstacle and terrain avoidance information ...

Page 116: ...identifiers can be made visible by ranging in the map to under 4nm NOTE Heading vs Track Depictions In configurations in which aircraft heading information is unavailable the map display will orient the aircraft ownship symbol and other map data to the aircraft ground track and continue to display intruder aircraft oriented to heading TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Heading Track Digital Display Can Be Remove...

Page 117: ...he map will auto switch to track up NOTE Terrain Resolution The map uses 9 arc sec terrain data globally There are however some locations where the terrain database fills in missing terrain cell data and the map terrain will visually appear to be a lower resolution background in those locales OTHER MAP FEATURES The table below defines other map features Map Symbol Item Description Desired Track So...

Page 118: ...n the inside edge of the map compass rose Projected track line Dashed white line indicating actual track Connects ownship symbol with compass rose Single Low Obstacle 200 AGL up to 1000 AGL blue Grouping of low obstacles 2 or more low obstacles 200 AGL up to 1000 AGL within 1 nm of each other blue Single high obstacle 1000 AGL or higher blue Grouping of high obstacles 2 or more high obstacles 1000...

Page 119: ...unway Non towered airport hard Non towered airport soft Non towered airport water If runway orientation is known they are also depicted on the airfield symbol magenta NDB All NDBs in nav database magenta diamond VOR All VORs in nav database blue Intersection All intersections in nav database gray Flight plan course waypoints Each waypoint in flight plan white Interstate highway All interstate high...

Page 120: ...e solid magenta Class D Each boundary of Class D airspace dashed blue Victor or Jet Airways All Victor and or Jet airways solid blue gray Terrain scale Indicates highest and lowest limits of the terrain in displayed area in hundreds of feet Legend colors in between these values represent terrain elevations Blue obstacle clearance number shows the top of the highest obstacle when greater than the h...

Page 121: ...ved or the associated CAS message is acknowledged TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Scenarios for Airspace Aural Alerting A technique for the use of aural airspace alerting is to turn it on via the Setup page when flying in non familiar areas especially when operating under VFR Experience has shown that local area flights in familiar airspace or when operating under IFR can result in what may be considered nuis...

Page 122: ...n using a solid yellow ring beyond the extent of the dashed green ring When the total remaining fuel quantity is less than the reserve single ring is presented using an alternating red yellow dashed style The fuel range rings are always displayed and cannot be turned off though they can be hidden at low map ranges because of decluttering Changes in power settings changes in winds aloft and remaini...

Page 123: ...p Declutter Controls MAP PANNING Panning the map is accomplished by dragging a finger along the display in the direction of desired panning When panning away from the ownship depiction a cross hair cursor is displayed and a readout of the bearing and distance from present position to the cross hair cursor position is displayed next to the cross hair cursor The map will snap back to being centered ...

Page 124: ... display a dialog box is presented on the display for you to choose confirm the new waypoint being created If the new fix is in close proximity to a facility or facilities in the on board navigation database then both the fix and the nearby facility or facilities will appear in the dialog box list Rubber Banding Dialog Box If the intended new waypoint is not listed in the dialog box to your satisf...

Page 125: ... leg can be rubber banded including the active leg the magenta one unless the leg is part of a published instrument procedure Rubber banding is a handy feature to quickly alter a flight plan around airspace or a weather buildup while staying on the map NOTE Rubber Banding Only Via Touch Rubber banding can only be accomplished via touch screen controls There is no physical bezel control to support ...

Page 126: ...titude Constraints The altitude constraint depiction will also appear at the proper geographic position For example if an altitude constraint were defined to be 5nm prior to a waypoint like it is for KGDM in the image above the graphical representation of the altitude constraint on the map will be positioned 5nm prior to the waypoint instead of at the actual waypoint MAP INFORMATION POP UP BOXES T...

Page 127: ...in the bottom right corner of each pop up box For those boxes that indicate more than one page e g VOR co located with an airfield touching the pop up box switches between the various pages of the pop up box Map Popup Info Boxes For those hotspots that are an airport and typically have METAR data associated with them a METAR page can be appended to the map info popup boxes as shown in the middle e...

Page 128: ...e feature DATALINK WEATHER OVERLAYS AND OPERATIONS Several broadcast datalink weather receivers can be interfaced to the IFD Some datalink services require a monthly subscription e g Sirius XM while others are free e g SkyTrax100 In either case however the weather data is received continuously The following tables show the set of weather products associated with different types of receivers For ea...

Page 129: ...S Radar US WxRadar 30 75 METARs 15 20 TAFs 20 40 AIRMETs 15 20 SIGMETs 15 20 TFRs 40 40 Lightning 15 75 Icing 30 105 Cloud Tops 30 105 Winds Temps 20 40 Turbulence 30 105 XMD 076 Product Short Name Late minutes Stale minutes Radar US US WxRadar 15 75 Radar Canadian CA WxRadar 15 75 METARs 15 75 TAFs 15 90 AIRMETs 15 90 SIGMETs 15 90 TFRs 45 90 Lightning 15 18 ...

Page 130: ...nadian CA Radar Coverage 15 75 METARs US US METARs 15 75 METARs Canadian CA METARs 15 75 TAFs US US TAFs 15 90 TAFs Canadian CA TAFs 15 90 AIRMETs 15 90 SIGMETs 15 90 TFRs 45 90 Lightning 15 18 Icing 45 120 Storm Cells Storms 15 20 Winds 45 120 NOTE Datalink Data Accuracy Avidyne does not control review or edit the information made available by the datalink products and is therefore not responsibl...

Page 131: ...clement weather The system is not designed for use for weather penetration and storm cell circumvention The system lacks sufficient resolution and updating necessary for tactical maneuvering DATALINK RADAR The Datalink radar is a composite image depicting precipitation as seen by multiple ground weather radar sites The image is color coded to FAA definitions to show intensity levels and precipitat...

Page 132: ...ental United States CONUS If however datalink radar is unavailable in a particular area for any reason hatched lines appear in that area In the mountains and off the coast hatched lines may represent no coverage below 10 000 feet If there are radar returns in that region above 10 000 feet the returns will be displayed as islands of precipitation surrounded by the hatched lines ADS B FIS B radar da...

Page 133: ...data has been received is depicted using a shadow as illustrated below The shadow consists of a transparent gray region on all Land declutter settings This allows for quick distinction between two coverage areas when simultaneously displaying radar and lightning overlays ADS B Lightning Coverage Area Shadow WEATHER OVERLAYS ON MAP The Wx Overlay LSK on the map page brings up a control page on whic...

Page 134: ...ata and even ADS B Regional data the CONUS weather radar data appears as a noticeably coarser depiction this is a function of the supplied data NOTE Weather Source Selection An individual IFD can only display weather data from one source e g SkyTrax100 GDL 69 The supported provider device is assigned at time of installation For dual IFD installations with more than one type of weather source one w...

Page 135: ...ce mode Use the bottom right knob to adjust altitude slices for icing winds and turbulence Note that the knob will only adjust the weather product slice if the product is being displayed and is valid otherwise it still controls the map range and view Choices may include METARS AIR SIGMETS METARs These are available in both text and graphical formats and represent recent surface weather observation...

Page 136: ...hazard such as ICE icing MTN mountain obscuration or IFR instrument flight conditions AIRMETs and SIGMETs Detail MAP Page COOL FEATURE METAR Flags in Flight Plan The right edge of each leg in a flight plan presents a METAR flag for the closest reporting station if the station is different from the previous leg s station The station for which the METAR flag applies is decoded immediately beneath th...

Page 137: ...r left corner of the map If a datalink icing product was selected for display via the Wx Overlay key the radar age is replaced by the age of the icing altitude data currently being displayed the icing altitude slice currently displayed is shown in the bottom right corner NOTE Datalink Data Position The in cockpit radar display depicts where the weather WAS not where it IS The age indicator does no...

Page 138: ...n optional traffic system e g TAS TIS A ADS B TCAS the IFD will display traffic information for sensed aircraft and provide visual alerting for traffic considered a threat Traffic data will always be displayed as an overlay on the map and can also be selected as a datablock option on the left or right side of the display The center of the traffic symbology represents the horizontal position refere...

Page 139: ...ed Devices The IFD can be configured to receive ADS B traffic over WiFi Because the IFD cannot guarantee whether the transmitting device is certified the IFD will display traffic targets as PA rather than TA Pilots should always exercise extra caution when a PA target from a WiFi connected source is presented ADS B Directional Traffic Symbols ADS B traffic sensors can display directional versions ...

Page 140: ...s detected by the traffic sensor but determined not to be a current threat hollow cyan arrowhead ADS B Ground Traffic Symbols ADS B traffic sensors can also show ground targets No additional traffic information e g altitude vertical trend is shown with these targets If track or heading is available the directional version of the symbol will be presented Symbol Definition On ground traffic non dire...

Page 141: ...l to indicate relative altitude in hundreds of feet and vertical trend Additional Traffic Information The Aircraft ID tail number call sign or squawk code may also be displayed adjacent to the traffic symbol on the Map display when it is available from the traffic sensor Aircraft ID Depiction TIS A Directional Traffic Symbols TIS A Directional Traffic symbols are identical to the Basic Symbols for...

Page 142: ...fic will be displayed is also configurable Setup Page Non TA Traffic Layer Item Traffic Thumbnail Datablock For space reasons the Traffic Thumbnail datablock does not show the traffic ID or ADS B HVV barbs TAs which are beyond the range of the traffic thumbnail will display as a half symbol at the edge of the thumbnail s outer range ring The traffic thumbnail is always displayed with the ownship h...

Page 143: ...per two thirds of the thumbnail TIS A Specific Information TIS A capable transponders are supported by the IFD including map depictions of the TIS track lines These track barbs are only reported and indicated to 45 cardinal increments e g 0 45 90 135 etc and roughly point in the sensed traffic direction TIS A track lines do not convey any speed information about the sensed traffic TIS A Track Poin...

Page 144: ...round station is available or communications have ceased for more than 60 seconds TIS A Coasting Indication ADS B Specific Information ADS B traffic can come from several sources depending upon the equipment installed aboard the aircraft equipment installed on target aircraft and proximity to ADS B ground stations ADS B ADS R and TIS B traffic can all coexist within the ADS B data stream When an A...

Page 145: ...source Pos Degraded The ownship GPS position accuracy HFOM VFOM is worse than the normal limits for accurate placement of intruders This indication is normal on the ground until a good GPS signal is acquired ADS B Degraded Indicates the receiver has not yet gotten a good enough GPS lock to update its internal clock or there is a problem with the ADS B receiver s GPS position Maint Required This me...

Page 146: ...displays DGRD in yellow in the traffic thumbnail then that intruder is reporting its own GPS position accuracy HFOM VFOM as outside normal operating limits TRAFFIC SENSOR CONTROL Because traffic sensor mode changes are automatic based on phase of flight manual control of the sensor is generally unnecessary However if a manual mode change is desired it can be changed using the traffic thumbnail To ...

Page 147: ...ype of traffic sensor If more than one type of traffic sensor is present in the aircraft proper configuration is important For a single IFD installation only a single traffic sensor will be used by the IFD The priority is SkyTrax100 RS232 Capstone TAS6XX TCAD ARINC429 ADS B Sensors Skywatch Other ARINC429 traffic sensor There is no fail over between traffic sensors and the priority may change in t...

Page 148: ...r altitude and will not generate a CAS message or aural alert Terrain Awareness Terrain Awareness coloring can be triggered by terrain within a 10nm radius of the aircraft and is displayed as follows depending upon the installation Fixed Wing Installation Helicopter Installation Displayed As Terrain between 100 and 1000 feet below aircraft altitude Terrain between 100 and 500 feet below aircraft a...

Page 149: ...raft altitude Obstacles less than 100 feet below aircraft altitude including above aircraft altitude Red threat bubble over the obstacle Terrain Awareness coloring is inhibited in an area immediately surrounding airports to allow for enhanced visual distinction of those facilities If the orientation of runways at the airport can be determined then the inhibited area will be based on the outlines o...

Page 150: ...conflict is with terrain or with an obstacle An aural alert will accompany the CAS message based on the Setup Page selection see page 4 64 On the map FLTA caution and warning areas are depicted as solid yellow and red regions respectively as illustrated in the figure below FLTA Depiction solid red and solid yellow The area immediately surrounding an airport is considered an FLTA exclusion area If ...

Page 151: ...se of action is to immediately add power and climb yet sometimes the best course of action may be a small heading change especially in the case of a single obstacle off the nose The pilot in command must assess the specific circumstances presented and take action to avoid flight into terrain NOTE FLTA Disabled in External TAWS Equipped Aircraft In order to prevent conflicting information when an e...

Page 152: ...evation of either the destination runway threshold if applicable or the terrain directly beneath the aircraft Alerts exist at 1000 500 400 300 200 and 100 AGL The callout for each altitude can be enabled or disabled using Maintenance Mode These callouts are intended for use during approach to landing Therefore they are not suppressed in FLTA exclusion area but will not play while there is an activ...

Page 153: ... to generate alerts as late as possible while still meeting the regulatory requirements When HTAWS is enabled and HTAWS is in an other than nominal state the HTAWS status overlays the upper left position in the data strip as illustrated below HTAWS Status Annunciation The status is displayed on a background indicating the severity of the condition red for warnings yellow for cautions and cyan for ...

Page 154: ...d protection mode HTAWS SELF TEST HTAWS self test is conducted automatically at power up While the self test is running external HTAWS related annunciators are illuminated and the TAWS page will show TAWS Self Test In Progress Whether the self test passed or failed will be annunciated using an aural message If HTAWS had passed self test and then fails at some point later in the power cycle a bing ...

Page 155: ...ing the bottom right knob or pinch zooming the display will adjust the perceived distance above and behind the ownship symbol Pushing the knob restores the default zoom value Map SVS Zoomed out with Active Flight Plan and Waypoint Any traffic in the scene will cast a shadow on the ground to help with judging distance and relative closure rate Subtle grid lines spaced every nautical mile are drawn ...

Page 156: ...on the Map SVS view When the FPL selection is On the FMS flight plan will be overlayed on the Map SVS view The flight plan legs are displayed approximately 300 meters below the aircraft altitude and will also cast a conformal shadow across the terrain immediately below the flight plan Any part of a flight plan leg that would be drawn below ground level will not be shown As a result the flight plan...

Page 157: ...ta flag pole Downpath waypoints are not depicted in order to reduce map clutter Fly over waypoints typically depict the flight plan flying right through over the waypoint whereas fly by waypoints can turn inside the waypoint Airports and obstacles are also depicted on the SVS view Map SVS Curved Flight Path with Next Leg Depiction Map SVS Fly By Waypoint Depiction ...

Page 158: ...m Map SVS Missed Approach Not Activated Map SVS Close in of Landing Runway Map SVS Missed Approach Enabled HTAWS CONTROL When HTAWS is enabled and TAWS self test is not in progress an LSK is shown on the page in order to control HTAWS capability ...

Page 159: ...sabled which effectively disables the terrain alerting function Note that regardless of the LSK selection the altitude callouts function remains enabled subject to configuration and setup options SELF TEST When HTAWS is enabled and the aircraft is not airborne a Self Test LSK is shown on the page Press the LSK to manually initiate the same self test procedure that is performed on power up see page...

Page 160: ......

Page 161: ...ides control and display of all system audio related features The UTIL tab provides access to several timers calculators and checklists The SETUP tab provides options to allow the user to set preferences in the display and control of the system The SYS tab provides the means to review the status of software databases GPS and datalink The ALERT tab shows details of active cautions warnings and advi...

Page 162: ... LSK is active The bottom right knob controls row selection volume squelch ID on off If configured for satellite radio the knob also provides mute control To select one of the volume controls turn the outer knob To adjust the volume turn the inner knob To toggle squelch ID or mute as applicable push the knob button a 1 2 second delay is possible Volume Control IFD440 Shown Touch control can also b...

Page 163: ... bar for the other aural alerts is adjusted the IFD will play an aural that represents the new volume level also If Remote IFD Tuning is On see page 4 62 the Audio tab will be displayed with the identifier of the radio that will be affected by the controls shown as a title at the top of the screen as illustrated below If the IFD being controlled is the remote IFD the title will be displayed in yel...

Page 164: ...Quick Go To link to enter in a desired satellite audio channel To load a channel into the Favorites list scroll the available channel list in the left column either via touch scroll or turning either bottom right knob counter clockwise until the desired channel is highlighted and press the ENTR key on the bezel to push that channel into the next available Favorites list slot To delete a channel fr...

Page 165: ...ield by touching it or using the bottom right knob to highlight and then activate the button by touching it a second time Another way to accomplish this is to push in the bottom right knob to bring up a key pad and type or knob in the desired channel number All of these controls edits can also be done via touch NOTE Competing Control of Audio Channel Tuning In aircraft with multiple dissimilar dev...

Page 166: ... knob to move the cursor to the desired preset Touch the selected preset or press the right knob button to start entering a frequency If using the virtual keyboard to enter the frequency note that shorthand frequency notation cannot be used when entering com presets Therefore a complete frequency must be entered e g 121 7 instead of 217 Press ENTR or the right knob button to complete the entry and...

Page 167: ... standby frequency and cause the IFD to briefly display a small dialog box indicating which preset frequency was nominated A frequency from the preset list may also be nominated by touching the desired preset or pressing the ENTR button while the page is not in edit mode Standby Slot If the com preset page is displayed at the time the cockpit control is activated a small arrow will indicate which ...

Page 168: ...ue can also be set by using the bottom right knob to select the clock field and edit the starting value or by touching the desired location on the display The generic timer values will reset after a power cycle the timer is not continued from the previous power cycle Trip Timer The Trip Timer provides an option to show elapsed trip time either from IFD power on or from take off the active selectio...

Page 169: ...e made on the Setup Page Custom Timer Up to 10 custom timers can be created by inserting a new timer below the Departure Time slot Typical uses include creating timers for 50 hour and 100 hour inspections annual inspections bi annual air data system checks flight reviews etc To create a new timer rotate the bottom right knob to create an insert cursor at the bottom of the current timers list and t...

Page 170: ...the timer expires is displayed below the time field If Periodic was selected then the IFD will restart the timer when the time expires Custom Timer Examples Acknowledging the alert when a custom timer has expired via touch or pressing the CLR button will clear the alert message but will not delete the timer TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Separate Switch Tank Alert A specific Switch Tanks alert can be created...

Page 171: ...IFD calculators will be populated automatically with sensor data in green if it is available or can be manually edited entered by the pilot The DEST field will be populated with the last airport in the active flight plan not necessarily the last waypoint in that flight plan Non airport waypoints are not permitted in the DEST field If a pre populated field had been manually altered the sensor suppl...

Page 172: ... type origin if type is Point to Point destination ground speed fuel on board and fuel flow and will produce a computed fuel at destination value straight line distance between the two points and other fuel related data The Type field choices are Present Pos or Point to Point Fuel Planning Calculator Weight Calculator The weight calculator provides a means to compute current aircraft weight and to...

Page 173: ...or If the predicted landing weight exceeds the maximum landing weight then the value will be displayed in a yellow color NOTE The basic empty weight maximum takeoff weight and maximum landing weight are all entered using Maintenance Mode typically at time of installation If the IFD has been configured for a multi engine aircraft the weight calculator will show additional buttons V1 V2 VR and VREF ...

Page 174: ...ures 10 miles on each side of the centerline of the active leg or portion of the active leg that is currently displayed on the Map page The Type field choices are Present Position or Point to Point If Point to Point was selected then there is also a field for origin Trip Planner Calculator RAIM Prediction The GPS RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring Prediction calculator includes fields f...

Page 175: ...d and average ground speed value providing options to reset each computation individually or a master reset to reset all The trip statistics will continue to compute each data field across power cycles and until manually reset The Reset All selection will prompt a confirm dialog box that must be used to reset all Trip Statistics Calculator ...

Page 176: ...ill be displayed with a blue background and presents a numbered blank row when it is in edit mode When the system is put into checklist edit mode the light blue wraparound cursor needs to be manually placed on the next available line in the checklist directory by touching the line or using the bottom right knob Then touch the row in the directory list a second time or push the bottom right knob to...

Page 177: ... generate another empty gray checklist step item below and repeat the process as required When done creating all the desired checklist steps press the Edit button in the top right corner again to exit edit mode Creating Editing a Checklist Editing a Checklist To edit an existing checklist touch or use the bottom right knob to select the Edit button then touch again or push the knob putting the sys...

Page 178: ...checklist will then be displayed with the checklist title along the top strip Using a Checklist When a checklist is selected for use the first step will be highlighted by a bright blue wrap around highlight Either touching a highlighted step or pushing the knob will toggle that step to bright green A green checkmark will appear along the right edge indicating that checklist step has been accomplis...

Page 179: ...ly reset all completed or partially completed checklists ensure the checklist directory list of all checklists is displayed and then press and hold the bottom right knob to reset the checklist and remove the gray or green checkmarks for that checklist and jump the cursor down to the next partial or fully completed checklist At that point press the knob again to clear the next checklist and jump th...

Page 180: ...e indented as a visual indication that it belongs to the category Some categories contain further sub categories which can also be expanded The result is a hierarchical structure of settings which uses familiar and icons to indicate whether a category is expanded or condensed In order to limit the page to a manageable number of items only one category can be displayed at a time Therefore when one ...

Page 181: ...situations such as map layers Those kinds of settings are described in detail in the sections below ITEM EDITING Rules for editing settings vary based on the kind of item being edited To initiate editing for any item turn either the inner or outer knob to the desired item or touch the desired item in order to select it The selected item is surrounded by a cyan outline Editing an enumerated setting...

Page 182: ...or pressing the virtual keyboard red X will also cancel the edit Pressing the right knob button the ENTR button the ENTR key the virtual keyboard or the Enter LSK will accept the edited value as the new setting Editing a numeric setting Once selected editing is initiated by either pushing the right knob button or touching the selected item At this point the selection will change from a cyan backgr...

Page 183: ...dited is empty one more press of the CLR key will cancel the edit At any time during the edit pressing the Cancel LSK or pressing the virtual keyboard red X will also cancel the edit Pressing the right knob button the ENTR button the ENTR key the virtual keyboard or the Enter LSK will accept the edited value as the new setting ...

Page 184: ... Temporary Flight Restriction TFR airspace within the next five minutes The factory default setting is On SUA Alerts This setting controls whether the IFD will issue an airspace alert when the aircraft is on course to intercept a special use airspace SUA within the next five minutes The factory default setting is On Transition Altitude Level Alerts This setting controls whether the IFD will issue ...

Page 185: ... the IFD will generate a chime when the aircraft reaches the top of descent point The factory default setting is On Airspace Aural This setting controls whether the IFD will generate an aural message saying Airspace Ahead whenever an airspace alert is issued The factory default setting is Off Waypoint Aural This setting controls whether the IFD will generate an aural message as waypoints in the fl...

Page 186: ...IFD400 Series Pilot Guide 4 26 Aux Subsystem shown and the altitude callouts will be inhibited as if the setting was Off ...

Page 187: ...rface is enabled The factory default setting is Off WiFi When the WiFi selection is On the WiFi interface is enabled The factory default setting is Off Networks subcategory The networks subcategory provides a means to view and select the networks that are available to the IFD The IFD can create its own local area network Hotspot or it can connect as a client to an external network When the network...

Page 188: ...in the category and is identified by IFD Hotspot next to the network name The network name will default to IFD_ suffixed with the serial number of the IFD However the network name and the password can be changed To change the name of the IFD local area network first expand the item Once expanded items for the network name and password will be revealed The items are edited using normal techniques f...

Page 189: ...rces the industry recommended minimum password length of 8 characters As the field is being edited if less than 8 characters have been entered the IFD will ignore actions to complete the edit e g pressing the ENTR button will have no effect The edit can be aborted by pressing CLR To start the IFD Local Area Network move the cursor to either the network header the network name or the password and t...

Page 190: ...for Use External Networks When WiFi is on the IFD will continuously search for accessible external WiFi networks Each recognized network will be represented by a WiFi network item on the page The IFD can show up to twenty networks If a previously recognized external network has not been detected for five minutes the IFD will remove that network from the list Like the IFD LAN item the items for eac...

Page 191: ...ed In order to connect to an external network move the cursor to either the main item or the password item Then press the Connect LSK As the IFD is negotiating the connection with the external network the message Connecting will be shown on the right side of the network item The IFD will attempt the connection for up to 60 seconds If the connection is successfully established the message Connected...

Page 192: ... the WiFi setting is Off Each device that is recognized by the IFD will be represented by a device item shown under the devices subcategory Each device item shows the name or IP address of the device and the connection policy for that device The connection policy is the means to control whether the IFD will accept data transmitted by the device Connection policies are as follows Blocked a device h...

Page 193: ... Kids iPad Although the devices have made requests to connect to the IFD both are blocked from sending data to the IFD until the policy has been changed to either Always or Once Blocked devices When a device is blocked the pilot must take action to set the communication policy for that device If the device is trusted and will always be under control of the pilot setting the connection policy to Al...

Page 194: ...nformational alert ADS B Over WiFi When the ADS B Over WiFi selection is On the IFD will forward data received from a wired ADS B In source over the WiFi interface Most Electronic Flight Bag EFB applications will use this data to display weather and or traffic Some EFBs can be configured to get ADS B data over other interfaces e g Bluetooth In those cases this setting should be Off The factory def...

Page 195: ...ks category is expanded the Setup Page cursor is limited such that only datablocks can be selected In order to return to normal operation of the Setup Page the cursor must be returned to the Datablock category item at the top and the category condensed If the datablocks category is expanded and a different page is selected on the IFD then upon return to the Setup Page the datablocks category will ...

Page 196: ...isplayed next to the name of that datablock It is possible to select the same datablock for display in more than one slot but that is often not desired The check mark provides a quick method to identify that situation Keep in mind that the datablocks on the right side of the display are scrollable Therefore while a datablock may have an associated check mark the slot to which it has been allocated...

Page 197: ... Scroll Your Datablocks Many more datablocks can be selected on the right side than can be viewed at any one time This can be useful to optimize the displayed datablock groupings by phase of flight and repeating options Then scroll the list as necessary to reveal the appropriate set of datablocks ...

Page 198: ...play Traffic Thumbnail A thumbnail depiction of the traffic sensor output The range rings can be adjusted by touching the upper 2 3 of the block and the mode e g Normal Above Below etc can be toggled by either using the adjacent bezel LSK if on the left side of the IFD or by touching the lower 1 3 of the block When on the left side only available in a fixed location aligned with the top line selec...

Page 199: ...rcraft position direction of flight at the time of waypoint activation track may not necessarily be a straight line but include a button hook at the beginning Next Waypoint Information Next waypoint identifier the next leg of the flight plan not the current leg desired track to next waypoint along flight plan route flight plan leg distance for the next waypoint estimated remaining fuel at the next...

Page 200: ...position to the designated waypoint Note to change the designated waypoint touch the datablock to display the virtual keyboard Type in the designated waypoint identifier and press Enter The designated waypoint will persist across power cycles Destination Along Track Info Destination identifier total distance to destination along the remaining flight plan legs estimated fuel at destination if fuel ...

Page 201: ...er Destination Direct Distance Destination identifier and straight line distance to the destination from present position To Waypoint Direct Info Active To waypoint identifier bearing from present position to active waypoint straight line distance from present position direct to the active waypoint with no button hook To Waypoint Direct Distance Active To waypoint identifier and straight line dist...

Page 202: ...ated time of arrival at the To waypoint Destination ETE Estimated time enroute along flight planned route to the Destination waypoint To Waypoint ETE Estimated time enroute to the To waypoint GPS CDI Current track desired track for active flight plan leg and visual depiction of deviation Note that the CDI displayed in this datablock is always based on GPS and is never a VHF CDI ...

Page 203: ...for active flight plan leg Cross Track Distance Cross track deviation from current flight plan leg Next Desired Track Desired track for the next flight plan leg not the active flight plan leg Vertical Speed Required Vertical speed required to make next down path altitude constraint All constraints are considered at for purposes of this computation Navigation Mode IFD navigation mode e g OCN ENRT T...

Page 204: ... identifier and airport Decoded VLOC Identifier For VORs Navaid identifier navaid radial currently on distance to navaid For ILS Localizers Localizer identifier airport runway Nearest Airport Nearest airport identifier bearing and distance to the airport Aircraft Position Aircraft position ddd mm ss format shown ...

Page 205: ...tacle in a 10nm rectangle around the aircraft position Ground Speed Ground speed Ground Track Ground Track Wind Vector Wind speed and direction and an arrow indicating direction of the wind relative to the nose of the airplane Populates in air Displays as Calm when 5 knots or less Note Requires TAS and Heading from an external device like an EFIS Radar Altitude AGL altitude from a radar altimeter ...

Page 206: ...or appropriate fuel flow system Static Air Temperature Static Air Temperature Note Requires SAT input from an external device like an EFIS or appropriate fuel flow system Local Time Local time UTC Time UTC Zulu time Flight Timer This timer automatically starts and is based on the system in air determination Number of Alerts Number of active red warnings yellow cautions and cyan advisories ...

Page 207: ...put from the aircraft fuel flow system Only presented as an option if the IFD is configured to communicate with an external fuel flow system Fuel Flow Fuel flow as sent by the aircraft fuel flow system For twin engine aircraft this is the summed total Only presented as an option if the IFD is configured to communicate with an external fuel flow system Fuel Used Estimated fuel used as sent by the a...

Page 208: ...ck Item Title and Image Content Fuel Economy Estimated fuel economy e g nm gal based on input from the on board fuel flow system Only presented as an option if the IFD is configured to communicate with an external fuel flow system Blank Single blank line ...

Page 209: ...t setting is On Zoom Mode This setting controls whether some IFD display components are displayed in a bigger font This setting primarily affects the datablocks and the LSK legends The factory default setting is Off Bezel Brightness This setting specifies which of three methods are used to control the brightness of the bezel knob and button backlights The factory default setting is Photocell Each ...

Page 210: ...to complete the edit Display Brightness This setting specifies which of three methods are used to control the brightness of the IFD display screen backlights The factory default setting is Photocell Operation of the Display Brightness setting is identical to operation of the Bezel Brightness setting Refer to that section for details Keyboard Convenience In a dual IFD installation an edit can be in...

Page 211: ...are shown When the current page is changed the tabs are displayed If this setting is set to Never the tabs will remain displayed at all times Otherwise the tabs will scroll out of view after the selected number of seconds This feature is useful in order to reclaim some usable space at the bottom of the map pages The factory default setting is Never ...

Page 212: ... specified descent angle or on a descent rate i e vertical speed The factory default setting is Descent Angle Descent Angle This setting defines the angle to be used when determining the top of descent point The value can range from 1 0 to 6 0 degrees The factory default setting is 4 0 Descent Rate This setting defines the rate of descent to be used when determining the top of descent point The mi...

Page 213: ...ltitude setting and press the CLR key At that point the altitude will be displayed in green but the value will only change if the origin airport has a specified transition altitude The factory default setting is 18000 feet in automatic mode Transition Level This setting defines the altitude below which the vertical position of the aircraft is specified by reference to MSL altitude The value of thi...

Page 214: ...instrument arrival procedures in the dropdown menus when a flight plan is being entered and whether the arrivals field is presented for airports The factory default setting is On Departures This setting controls whether the FMS will present instrument departure procedures in the dropdown menus when a flight plan is being entered and whether the departures field is presented for airports The factor...

Page 215: ...category for final length and pattern width as illustrated below Visual Approach Settings Final Length Pattern Width Visual Approach Settings Final Length This setting controls the length of the final approach as depicted on the map when showing a visual approach with either a base or a downwind entry The factory default setting is 1 0 nautical miles Visual Approach Settings Pattern Width This set...

Page 216: ...ayed e g LPV LNAV LNAV V etc The factory default setting is Off Mini Flight Plan Format This setting controls the appearance of flight plan legs and procedures on the FPL and ROUTE pages When the setting is On the flight plan is presented using an abbreviated format that allows more legs to be visible at one time The factory default setting is Off Advisory Glideslope This setting controls whether ...

Page 217: ... to give the IFD time to determine whether a valid heading source is available At any time after the initial 30 seconds if aircraft heading unavailable the map orientation will be set to Track Up and this setting will not be shown on the Setup Page If aircraft heading becomes available and has remained available for 10 seconds the setting will again be shown on the Setup Page Airport Filter Many o...

Page 218: ...e factory default setting is to accept any airport regardless of whether it is towered Fuel Filter The fuel criterion defines whether the filter should accept only those airports that have 100L fuel available only those airports that have Jet A fuel available or any airport regardless of whether fuel is available or what kind of fuel is available The factory default setting is to accept any airpor...

Page 219: ...ed when determining whether an item is to be displayed The factory default setting is On thus enabling the use of the altitude component Compass Rose This setting controls whether the compass rose is displayed on the map The factory default setting is On Heading Box This setting controls whether the numeric aircraft heading or track is displayed at the top of the map The factory default setting is...

Page 220: ...the set of conditions that must be met in order for items in the layer to be shown Each of the possible criteria is described in the sections below Map layers have several possible default settings either corresponding to the intended mission or factory default See the Presets section for a discussion of those default settings Labels The labels criterion specifies whether items are displayed on th...

Page 221: ...bove the airspace ceiling The airspace will be displayed when the aircraft is less than the specified number of feet above the airspace ceiling In the case of an obstacle layer the altitude criterion specifies a number of feet above the obstacle An obstacle will be displayed when the aircraft is less than the specified number of feet above the obstacle In the case of an airway layer the altitude c...

Page 222: ...his setting controls whether this IFD is capable of tuning the radio on a second IFD The factory default setting is Off Note that this setting is only available on the Setup page when the IFD is configured with cross sync enabled Auto VLOC Tuning This setting controls whether the IFD will automatically tune the nav radios to the navaids recommended by the FMS The factory default setting is On Auto...

Page 223: ... Terrain Awareness TA This setting controls whether Terrain Awareness function is enabled If the TAWS function is enabled this setting also enables Premature Descent Alert PDA The factory default setting is On Note that in dual IFD installations both units will need to be set to Off to disable the function Terrain Caution Aural This setting controls the content of the aural message that is generat...

Page 224: ...s with selections as follows Terrain Pull Up the aural message will say Terrain Pull Up Terrain Pull Up Terrain Terrain the aural message will say Terrain Terrain Pull Up Pull Up The factory default setting is Terrain Pull Up FLTA Exclusion Areas This setting controls whether FLTA Exclusion areas around airfields are enabled The factory default setting is On If the FLTA setting is Off this setting...

Page 225: ...nce between UTC and local time The value ranges from 12 hours to 14 hours in increments of 15 minutes The factory default setting is 0 00 no offset Time Format This setting controls the display of time throughout the system Selections are as follows UTC time values are displayed as UTC times and will be suffixed with Z 12 Hr time values are displayed with respect to local time and will be suffixed...

Page 226: ...ot Guide 4 66 Aux Subsystem Local Time This item is not actually a setting and the cursor will skip it It is merely a display of the current local time affected by the selected local time offset and time format settings ...

Page 227: ...flight ID to be transmitted by the transponder Typically this is set to the aircraft tail number The factory default for this setting is 0000000 Once a tail number has been defined via Maintenance Mode the default for this setting is the tail number If the flight ID is edited to be a blank value the value will be reset to the tail number or the factory default if no tail number has been defined De...

Page 228: ...orth Distance Speed Units This setting defines the units in which distances and speeds are to be displayed Options are as follows NM Kts Nautical miles and knots KM KPH Kilometers and kilometers per hour MI MPH Statute miles and miles per hour The factory default setting is NM Kts Altitude VS Units This setting defines the units in which altitudes and vertical speeds are to be displayed Options ar...

Page 229: ...ting defines the units in which temperatures are displayed Options are as follows Fahrenheit Celsius The factory default setting is Fahrenheit Fuel Units This setting defines the units in which fuel quantities are displayed Options are as follows Gallons Imperial Gallons Liters Pounds Kilograms The factory default setting is Gallons Position Units This setting defines format in which positions are...

Page 230: ...IFD400 Series Pilot Guide 4 70 Aux Subsystem ddd mm ss degrees minutes and seconds UTM Universal Transverse Mercator MGRS Military Grid Reference System The factory default setting is ddd mm ss ...

Page 231: ...ociated with that user The name of any profile can be changed using normal editing techniques and the name is displayed on the right side of the row Changing the name of a user profile however does not change any of the settings associated with that profile In order to change the settings for a profile the profile must first be selected At that point all further settings will be associated with th...

Page 232: ...k Presets and Map Detail Presets are categories containing corresponding preset items All Factory Settings however is a preset item To configure the IFD using a preset move the cursor to surround the desired preset item Then press the right knob button press the ENTR button or touch the item to select that preset The IFD will then present a green dialog indicating which preset will be applied Pres...

Page 233: ... the preset All Factory Settings Applying the All Factory Settings preset item will cause all of the settings on the Setup Page to be set to factory defaults except the User Profile and any network names and passwords Datablock Presets Expanding the Datablock Presets item reveals several presets that affect only the configuration of datablocks Datablock presets expanded Left Side Factory Settings ...

Page 234: ...atablock is changed the custom settings preset is updated IMPORTANT NOTE When applying factory defaults it is possible to revert back to the most recent settings by selecting custom settings However if just one datablock is changed after having applied factory defaults those settings become the custom settings Therefore returning to that original set of custom settings is no longer possible Factor...

Page 235: ...e Minimum Safe Altitude Groundspeed Groundspeed GPS CDI GPS CDI Flight Timer Flight Timer Aircraft Position Aircraft Position Number of Alerts Number of Alerts Only presented if the IFD is configured to communicate with an external fuel flow system Map Detail Presets Expanding the Map Detail Presets item reveals several presets that affect only the map layers Map Detail Presets expanded Note that ...

Page 236: ...d 19000 Jet Airways Off On 50 Hi 17000 VFR Waypoints Off Off 40 Hi NDBs Off Off 50 Hi Flight Plan On Non TA Traffic On 40 n a Power Lines On 10 n a 1500 Interstates On On 100 n a IFR Settings IFR settings for map layers are the same as factory settings except for the following changes Layer Visible Labels Range Detail Alt Filter NonTowered Apts 50 Low Obstacles 50 Intersections On On 30 Victor Air...

Page 237: ... represents the most recent map settings that have been modified by the pilot Every time a setting is changed manually the custom settings are updated Selecting a different preset does not change the custom settings However if a different preset is selected and then at least one settings change is made the custom settings will be updated to reflect the complete set of new settings ...

Page 238: ...will display the Fuel Management Page The fuel management page shows data being reported by the fuel flow system as follows Flow the current fuel flow rate Used the amount of fuel that has been used during this flight Rmng the total usable fuel remaining on board the aircraft Time the aircraft endurance based on the total fuel remaining and current total fuel flow Econ the fuel economy based on to...

Page 239: ...ally adjusted Fuel Added use this control to increment the fuel quantity by an amount that was added since the last flight Total use this control to set the total quantity of usable fuel on board When one of the controls is used the value in the other control will be adjusted accordingly For instance if the Total control is showing 50 gallons and then 30 is entered using the Fuel Added control the...

Page 240: ...ystem level parameters which can be useful during service calls and IFD feature descriptions Software Status Page When the aircraft is not airborne the Software Status Page will also show a Download Logs LSK Pressing that LSK will put the IFD into Maintenance Mode where the datalogs can be downloaded see page 6 63 for instructions The software status page also shows whether IFD options are enabled...

Page 241: ...vailable for 28V aircraft SAR enable search and rescue patterns BT standard option to enable Bluetooth HELO enable helicopter operations aircraft symbol database procedures When coupled with the TAWS option the IFD performs HTAWS functions GLAS enable GPS Legacy Avionics Support for business jet class aircraft PORTS enables a feature that allows use of a WiFi connected ADS B input device e g Strat...

Page 242: ... data and will indicate valid date ranges or if when a given database is expired Database Status Page NOTE Database Currency It is critical that you update the data regularly and that you ensure the databases are current prior to conducting flight operations Pressing the Update Databases LSK will put the IFD into Maintenance Mode where the databases can be uploaded to the IFD see page 6 56 for ins...

Page 243: ...number of GPS status parameters including the GPS navigation state and GPS derived current altitude as well as the active GPS approach if appropriate and a graphical depiction of the satellite vehicles SV being tracked by the IFD GPS receiver GPS Status Page Upper Half GPS Status Page Lower Half ...

Page 244: ...alileo Europe GLONASS Russia or Compass China The GPS navigation states possible are GPS Navigation State Operational Meaning Self Test System performing self test This is the initial state value but happens so quickly it is rarely observed Init System is initializing this state is also very quick and is rarely observed Search Satellite acquisition mode Basic Nav System has acquired enough satelli...

Page 245: ...ally de select satellite vehicles from inclusion in the position fix if poor satellite health or maintenance information is available in the satellite data stream However there may be times or geographic locations in the world where it is desirable to manually de select a satellite vehicle or series of satellite vehicles from the GPS solution For example most locations in Australia can see a US WA...

Page 246: ...he elapsed time since the weather product was last received However for forecast products e g winds aloft this is the forecast time dashes the product is not available with the current subscription level Not Xpctd the product is not expected to be received The IFD will not issue an Overdue alert for this product Not Rcvd the IFD is expecting the product it has not been received but the time elapse...

Page 247: ...ption rate and look ahead ranges for TFRs AIRMETs and SIGMETs The data reception rate expressed as a percentage is a measure of recent activity compared to the maximum activity that has been observed from the station The look ahead range is the radius for which a given product is provided from that station Each FIS B station periodically broadcasts a Current Report List CRL that indicates whether ...

Page 248: ...text for the selected TFR ADS B TFRs Page ADS B AIRMET SIGMET Page The ADS B AIRMET SIGMET Page shows a list of AIRMETs and SIGMETs that have been received over FIS B Using the right knob or the touchscreen a cursor can be moved to surround each of the reports in the list Selecting one of the AIRMETs or SIGMETs either by pressing the right knob button pressing the ENTR button or touching the repor...

Page 249: ...ge will continue to show that report until a different report is selected To return to the list page containing the corresponding report touch the screen press the right knob button or press the ENTR button ADS B Product Text Page ADS B Unavailable Products Page The ADS B Unavailable Products Page shows the contents of the FIS B Product Updates Unavailable Report That report provides notification ...

Page 250: ...IFD400 Series Pilot Guide 4 90 Aux Subsystem ADS B Unavailable Products Page ...

Page 251: ...ed in the AUX subsystem Systems Alerts Tab Each section in the page is organized into three columns Short Text A short description of the condition This text also appears in the message bar Long Text A longer description of what caused the condition In some cases there is nothing further to be added so the long text is the same as the short text Duration The elapsed time since the alert was first ...

Page 252: ......

Page 253: ...e pilot s responsibility Be careful to fully understand how the IFD and your autopilot operate together to fly your chosen lateral and vertical flight path Beware of using advanced IFD functions such as VNAV if you are not thoroughly familiar with these features as using them incorrectly may result in your violating your clearance The IFD has been designed for both retrofit and clean installations...

Page 254: ...ernal CDI HSI or EFIS in the airplane and therefore no external course input available to the IFD VFR operations only No way to externally set course All course setting is conducted on the IFD e g D push OBS and turn nav source knob auto nominate a course by selecting a procedure etc Nav source modes available GPS VLOC GPS VLOC OBS OBS VLOC ...

Page 255: ...he course on the IFD The nav source knob button is used only to toggle between the available states Nav source modes available GPS VLOC GPS VLOC OBS OBS VLOC Non cooperative electronics For Example G500 600 Aspen EFD1000 Avidyne EXP5000 Dynon Skyview EFIS 40 50 The IFD can receive course input from this external device s The IFD can send commands to set course e g auto slew on those external devic...

Page 256: ...rnal device s Nav source modes available None the nav source knob button will appear to be non functional NOTE Manual Sequencing May Be Required In Electro mechanical installations where the IFD does not have an altitude input a CAS message Manual Sequence Req d prompting the pilot to manually sequence legs of the flight plan will be presented on Heading to Altitude leg types e g some missed appro...

Page 257: ... or HSI indicator VLOC and GPS course and deviation data may all be coming into the IFD continuously but the channel selector acts as a filter to determine which one gets used in the nav solution and displayed on the IFD The nav source knob must typically be turned to select the desired state The selected nav mode indication will flash for several seconds before taking effect thereby giving you ti...

Page 258: ...omes active and either the approach is VTF or the course to the FAF is within 45 of the final approach course GPS LPV GPS L VNAV GPS LP GPS LP V GPS LNAV GPS LNAV V Basic GPS is active green and the approach type is armed blue Visual A visual approach is active green GPS VLOC GPS is active green and VLOC is armed blue If the GPS flight plan contains a VHF procedure or leg e g localizer final then ...

Page 259: ... is reactive to the external course setting knob or the Nav Source knob if no external course control is present or when a KI 208A or KI 209A is present for the inbound outbound course Note that this state is accessed by pushing in the Nav Source knob and then it takes the place of pure GPS mode as described earlier in this table OBS VLOC OBS is active green and VLOC is armed blue Deviation data b...

Page 260: ...s Avidyne strongly recommends practice operations in VMC conditions before any use in IMC to understand the level of integration between the IFD and the other on board systems and therefore the nav sources available The nav source knob is labeled CDI above the knob and is designed to allow you to toggle the CDI and system nav source between the active and armed states defined above ...

Page 261: ...OBS mode at that time NOTE GPS and OBS If GPS or OBS are not the active Nav state annunciated in green then pushing the Nav Source knob will have no effect When one of them is the active Nav state pushing the Nav Source knob will toggle between the two states NOTE OBS Can Not Be Activated Inside the FAF OBS is prevented from being selected on a published approach when inside the Final Approach Fix...

Page 262: ...he difference between the selected OBS course and the aircraft course to the fix is greater than or equal to 90 the system will activate the reciprocal course away from the station with guidance away FROM the fix The previously active TO leg will change to white and remain in pivot The assumption here is that you will want to fly the leg on the 180 plane between the aircraft and the fix If the TO ...

Page 263: ...may not For example in IFD software releases prior to Release 10 1 1 0 the Avidyne EX5000 EX500 and EX600 MFDs would not depict the OBS course line leg but do depict a 200nm OBS course line leg in Release 10 1 1 0 and later Changes can take up to 7 seconds to display on the map and east west legs may show some curvature NOTE OBS Behavior in Dual IFD Operations For those installations that include ...

Page 264: ... VOR station is decoded and will be 50nm long When the aircraft is on the near side of the perpendicular course To geometry the line will be green for the inbound radial and white for the outbound radial When the aircraft position is on the far side of the perpendicular course From geometry the line will be green for the outbound radial and white for the inbound radial VOR Course Depiction NOTE If...

Page 265: ... flash The mode will flash for approximately five seconds and then turn green When the green indication stops flashing the IFD will be in the new nav mode To trigger the transition from armed VLOC to active VLOC all of the following capture criteria must be met The tuned frequency in the nav radio matches that of the approach navaid The Morse code decoded by the tuned nav radio matches the identif...

Page 266: ...art of a published missed approach and you were conducting a Vectors To Final approach Selecting this option will activate the first leg of the VTF approach i e the leg into the FAF This option will not be displayed if you were conducting a full published approach Enable Activate Missed Displayed when the next leg of the flight plan is the first leg of a published missed approach Typically this oc...

Page 267: ...e hold will become active Sequence Leg Displayed when there is no altitude source and the active leg terminates at an altitude Pressing the LSK upon reaching the altitude is required to sequence to the next leg Enable A P Approach Displayed for specific autopilots e g KAP140 KFC225 when the FMS determines it is time for the autopilot to be in Approach mode but does not have any control or knowledg...

Page 268: ...st waypoint before the approach were not the same as the IAF then a discontinuity would precede the approach The typical course of action in that case is to close the gap and then the flight plan would sequence right onto the approach with no further operator action The operation with VTF is slightly different however In that case you really have no choice but to intervene when it s time to start ...

Page 269: ...x is the course and x is the number of seconds left until the turn When the next leg is a hold however the alert text shows the entry type as either Teardrop Entry Parallel Entry or Hold Course xxx where xxx is the inbound course of the hold representing a direct entry If the course change at a waypoint is greater than 135 then the FMS will treat the waypoint as a fly over waypoint If the course c...

Page 270: ... auto tune the navaid that defines the final approach If the active leg is not part of a VHF approach and if the active leg has a recommended navaid in the nav database the FMS will auto tune that navaid Otherwise from the active leg the FMS will look backward through the route and forward through the route for legs with a recommended navaid or that are defined by a navaid in which case the FMS au...

Page 271: ...set on the Setup Page by turning the bottom right inner knob or by typing in a value in the virtual keyboard Each click of the inner knob adjusts the value by 100 feet and keyboard entries can be made down to the foot The allowable range is from 1 000 feet to 60 000 feet Similarly the transition level can be manually set on the Setup Page by turning the bottom right inner knob or by typing in a va...

Page 272: ...igible to be issued again unless the aircraft has descended more than 500 feet below the transition altitude Likewise the transition level advisory CAS message is displayed when the aircraft descends to an altitude 250 feet above the transition level Once issued the alert will not be eligible to be issued again unless the aircraft has climbed more than 500 feet above the transition level Transitio...

Page 273: ...Full Scale Value Oceanic 4 0 NM Enroute 2 0 NM Terminal 1 0 NM Approach 0 3 NM or 2 whichever is less at the FAF In order to prevent abrupt changes to CDI deflection especially important during autopilot coupled operation the mode changes and CDI full scale deflection changes are gradual Automatic transitioning between the navigation modes occurs in accordance with the following diagram ...

Page 274: ...vention Otherwise when appropriate use either the Activate Leg or Activate Approach LSKs or Direct To to activate a leg on the approach When Vectors is selected the approach is preceded by a discontinuity saying Vectors To Final Inactive That discontinuity cannot be closed so operator intervention is required When cleared for the approach the typical action is to activate the leg to the FAF using ...

Page 275: ...e criteria defined above are met and the primary nav frequency can be auto identified If auto tuning has not been enabled on the setup pages or a station cannot be identified automatic mode switching will not occur TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Exception to Automatic Nav Mode Switching If VLOC mode had been previously manually selected to be the nav mode e g cross tuning a VOR and then an approach is activa...

Page 276: ...t leg or the active leg terminates at the FAF The aircraft is on the front side of the approach The aircraft course is within 15 degrees of the final approach course Cross track deviation is less than half a dot The correct station is tuned and identified Lateral and vertical deviation data will be transmitted by the IFD for use by any integrated autopilot and external indicators Conversely the IF...

Page 277: ...cur when the Nav Source transitions from GPS to VLOC BACK COURSE APPROACHES This system is designed to fully support flying back course localizer approaches If the published back course approach is entered into the FMS the IFD nav source will automatically toggle from GPS VLOC to VLOC when all transition criteria have been met outside the FAF and it will automatically tune the localizer frequency ...

Page 278: ... and use charted minimums appropriate to the approach type If an approach type is not indicated by the time the final approach fix FAF is reached do not descend the conditions required to fly the approach have not been met and you must fly the missed approach procedure SBAS approach types in the Nav Mode datablock and the nav source indication in the top right corner of the display include LNAV La...

Page 279: ...m altitude presented is a decision altitude height DA DH DA being what is on the altimeter and DH being the height of the DA above the touchdown zone elevation This is not a MDA thus fly it just as though it were an ILS approach follow the glide slope all the way to the DA before initiating a missed approach if appropriate The Nav Mode datablock will display L VNAV for the approach type LPV Locali...

Page 280: ...d on a glidepath angle that is published with the approach However it is the pilot s responsibility to ensure compliance with all published stepdown constraints This type of approach is non precision and uses the published LP minimums The Nav Mode datablock will display LP V for the approach type COOL FEATURE FPL Bottom LSK Think of the bottom LSK on the FPL page as your hook into the FMS The butt...

Page 281: ...dyne recommends the pilot select the Vectors transition option in the FMS approach dropdown In the case where ATC responds with the published offset leg scenario Avidyne recommends the pilot activate the inbound leg to the FAF from the FMS FPL tab to ensure the offset leg is accounted for VISUAL APPROACHES Visual approaches are non precision for use in VMC only and are intended to provide enhanced...

Page 282: ...ight plan after the destination associated with a visual approach the visual approach will remain active even after passing the runway threshold Therefore you can stay in a closed traffic pattern and continue to receive guidance to the final approach course without ever touching the FMS ...

Page 283: ... system can be configured to automatically enable the published missed approach for an active procedure by selecting the Auto Enable Missed selection on the Setup page When this is selected the system will automatically sequence to the published missed approach when crossing the FAF The following sequence of images show the map depiction of the missed approach procedure before it has been enabled ...

Page 284: ...e the aircraft is trimmed properly and consider using the autopilot to smoothly execute the assigned or published missed approach The Nav Source will automatically toggle back to GPS shortly after crossing the MAP if it weren t already set to GPS unless you had manually switched the Nav Source to VLOC prior to being established on final with the localizer tuned and identified in that case it will ...

Page 285: ...ach LSK will appear Pressing that LSK will put the same VTF approach in the FMS flight plan and activate the inbound leg to the FAF NOTE Activating Missed Approach Past MAP If the missed approach was activated after the Missed Approach Point MAP the first non altitude terminated leg of the published missed approach procedure will become the active leg regardless of where the airplane is geographic...

Page 286: ...lected on the autopilot As another example some autopilots such as the KAP 140 and the KFC 225 do not support automatic switching to VLOC switching the nav mode and entering the in bound course must be manual operations with those autopilots In the case of KFC 225 and KAP 140 autopilots depending on how the IFD was configured a prompt is provided when GPS is the nav source to enable the approach E...

Page 287: ...s airborne The IFD is receiving a valid baro corrected altitude If enroute VNAV is not allowed enroute vertical deviations will not be generated However the IFD will still compute the top of descent TOD point using VNAV descent angle or rate DEFINING THE ENROUTE VNAV ALTITUDE TARGET Altitude constraints entered into the flight plan define the potential altitude targets for enroute VNAV The IFD eva...

Page 288: ...et directly or set by specifying a target vertical speed and having the FMS compute the angle Setup Page Descent Angle Selection Using the enroute VNAV altitude target and the associated waypoint the IFD will project that angle along the flight path all the way to the current aircraft altitude That point is depicted on the map as a green circle labeled TOD top of descent When enroute VNAV is allow...

Page 289: ...ociated with a specific flight plan leg The IFD will compute the descent angle required to reach the selected altitude target and immediately commence enroute VNAV using that angle Vertical direct to is commanded using an LSK on the FMS FPL page When the cursor is moved onto any of the altitude constraint fields on a leg offset kind or altitude and vertical direct to is allowed then the LSK showin...

Page 290: ...IFD will suffix the navigation mode with V indicating that associated vertical deviations are being provided Enroute VNAV Active V Indication Enroute VNAV deviations can be displayed on some external indicators and will continue to be provided along the descent until the target altitude has been reached During descent if the aircraft deviates from the intended flight path by more than 2nm or if th...

Page 291: ...IFD400 Series Pilot Guide Navigation 5 39 CAUTION It is the pilot s responsibility to configure the aircraft e g reduce power set trim to remain within all airspeed limits during the descent ...

Page 292: ...ring of A1 RNP10 Oceanic may require a LOA B2 RNAV 5 Enroute C2 RNAV 2 RNAV Q Routes and T Routes over land D2 RNAV 1 Terminal L1 RNP4 Oceanic may require a LOA O2 RNP1 Terminal S1 RNP APCH And if combined with an AXP340 or AXP322 transponder the surveillance codes are E Mode S including aircraft ID pressure altitude extended squitter B1 ADS B with dedicated 1090 MHz ADS B Out capability And if a ...

Page 293: ...tem failures Operations at night Operations under hot cold temperatures Operations with high low power Operations using gloves Charging from the USB port Integration with the IFD100 mobile app Regulatory statements The section also contains information regarding maintenance of the IFD including Database updates Software updates Downloading logs Configuring WiFi and Bluetooth Backup Restore Cleanin...

Page 294: ...ton will flash the corresponding color until either it is acknowledged by the pilot or the condition goes away When there is at least one active alert the AUX button will stay lit with the color corresponding to the active alert with the highest level If the AUX page is already the current page then the AUX lamp stays green and the ALERT tab will be colored according to the alert with the highest ...

Page 295: ...ed in response to an event and acknowledging the alert effectively clears the condition After all active messages have been acknowledged the AUX lamp will remain illuminated with the color of the message with the highest level Alerts are either global or local in nature In a single IFD installation the difference is irrelevant In a dual IFD installation however global alert messages are displayed ...

Page 296: ...ow Long text Detailed explanation of the conditions that may cause the alert and in some cases a recommended action to be taken Note that an asterisk to the left of the detailed explanation is an indication that the alert is global in a dual IFD installation Note that a symbol to the left of the detailed explanation is an indication that the alert will be deleted on acknowledgement Short Text ...

Page 297: ...omponent name The listed internal components have exceeded the maximum design temperature and reliability cannot be ensured until the unit is tested by the Avidyne Service Center Contact the Avidyne Service Center or a local dealer for service Return IFD for service Operation unreliable n One or more of the internal components has exceeded its maximum design temperature n times and reliability can...

Page 298: ...IFD400 Series Pilot Guide 6 6 General Warning Obstacle The FLTA algorithm has detected an imminent obstacle collision Initiate an immediate recovery maneuver Warning Obstacle ...

Page 299: ...cal if independent traffic sensors are installed Caution Obstacle The FLTA algorithm is predicting a likely obstacle collision with approximately 60 seconds initiate a proper recovery maneuver Caution Terrain The FLTA algorithm is predicting a likely ground collision within approximately 60 seconds initiate a proper recovery maneuver Aircraft is below the glide slope altitude at FAF Correct aircra...

Page 300: ...tact the Avidyne Service Center or a local dealer for service Negative climb rate or altitude loss TAWS NCR algorithm has determined corrective action should be taken immediately GPS Fault The GPS has stopped providing a navigation solution If GPS is the only navigation solution source available then expect degraded IFD operation e g no map no FMS guidance etc GPS Integrity Lost Crosscheck Nav Thi...

Page 301: ...LPV Approach Transition to a non LPV approach and the appropriate minima GPS integrity is insufficient for L VNAV Approach Transition to a non L VNAV approach and the appropriate minima Altitude invalid leg will not auto sequence In basic E M aircraft where the IFD does not have altitude input this message will appear when the FMS active leg terminates at an altitude In this case the FMS flight pl...

Page 302: ...the Avidyne Service Center if this persists across power cycles No position available The IFD cannot compute a navigation solution IFD operation will be degraded e g no map no FMS guidance etc Transition to alternative navigation sources Excessive Descent Rate TAWS EDR algorithm has determined a potential CFIT scenario is developing recover the aircraft Invalid GPS Position Velocity The GPS soluti...

Page 303: ... than 60 seconds Premature Descent below glide path TAWS PDA algorithm has determined the aircraft is below glide path No communication with traffic sensor The IFD is not receiving messages from the traffic sensor Contact a local dealer for service This message is local if independent traffic sensors are installed Traffic sensor has failed The traffic sensor is reporting a failure or the IFD is re...

Page 304: ...After Traffic will be either Low or High then the distance in nautical miles The long text omits Low High and instead shows signed relative target altitude in feet This is a traffic advisory with no bearing information Establish visual contact with conflicting traffic in order to facilitate avoidance maneuvers as necessary Traffic 12 00 3NM The above alert is just an example After Traffic will be ...

Page 305: ...ry Unit Overtemp component component will show the name of the component s that have exceeded temperature limits One or more of the internal components has exceeded 80 C Contact the Avidyne Service Center or a dealer for service consider adding a source of cooling and or improving air flow in and around the IFD Transponder Fault The remote transponder is reporting a fault other than loss of ADS B ...

Page 306: ...sts contact a local dealer for service ADS B Out Degraded The NGT9000 is reporting that the ADS B Out function is operating in a degraded condition If the condition persists contact a local dealer for service Airspace name Lower Altitude Limit Upper Altitude Limit FT The aircraft will intercept an airspace within 5 minutes 30 seconds This advisory can be enabled or disabled on the Setup Page Airsp...

Page 307: ...ed reset Check initial fuel setting Fuel used reset has been detected from the fuel sensor and the pilot has not set initial fuel at startup Tuned frequency does not match approach navaid Indicates that the active approach is based on a localizer or a VOR and that approach is not authorized for GPS overlay the aircraft course is within 45 degrees of the final approach course the course to the acti...

Page 308: ... does not match the identifier of the approach navaid COM stuck mic release PTT 25 seconds of continuous transmission have elapsed Release the push to talk button Configuration modified Please restart IFD when possible CrossSync is enabled in a dual IFD installation and a configuration with external devices has changed on one of the IFDs since the last power cycle Restart the IFD to allow automati...

Page 309: ...al dealer for service p Age is greater than x minutes The datalink product p has been received at least once but has not been updated for x minutes and is now considered stale The tables in the Datalink Weather Overlays And Operations section on page 3 16 show the products and their associated stale timeout periods Position updated using dead reckoning The system will use the last known position a...

Page 310: ...ssing the hold fix Exiting Hold At Intercept The active HF leg hold in lieu of procedure turn is armed for exit and set to sequence at the completion of the inbound turn Disabled in Setup Options FLTA has been turned off via the Setup page or via external TERR INHB discrete input Invalid GPS Position Velocity FLTA is inhibited due to invalid GPS data app Function is not responding The app software...

Page 311: ...ocal dealer for service Must Intercept Within 45 of Final Approach Course A Direct To was initiated to the FAF and the resulting intercept angle at the FAF is greater than 45 degrees Approaching End of Flight Plan Lateral Offset The time to the end of the lateral offset is 60 seconds Lightning Sensor Antenna Bottom Top Present only on the first power cycle after configuring the IFD for a WX500 Thi...

Page 312: ...g power to the lightning sensor If the problem persists contact a local dealer for service No sensor data ff ff is a description of the fault specific to the kind of sensor Recommend cycling power to the lightning sensor If the problem persists contact a local dealer for service Lightning sensor recoverable fault cc If the problem persists contact a local dealer for service An error occurred while...

Page 313: ...rns more than 120 the initial value is 30 seconds Upon reaching zero Now will be displayed instead of 0 sec Communication lost dau Communication has been lost with the dau e g Shadin FADC Contact the Avidyne Service Center or a local dealer for service Parallel Entry The next leg is a hold with a parallel entry and there are 10 seconds or less until the aircraft reaches the hold fix Route Not Load...

Page 314: ...n the unit Contact a local dealer for service IFD on board battery requires replacement The on board battery used for maintaining system time during power off periods is no longer performing that function IFD performance such as datalink and GPS acquisition will be degraded Contact the Avidyne Service Center for service Selected course DTK mismatch The selected course on the external course pointe...

Page 315: ...tes 30 seconds This advisory can be enabled or disabled on the Setup Page Timer Expired The generic countdown timer has expired name Timer Expired The name custom timer has expired see page 4 9 This message will persist until the timer has been manually reset TIS Traffic Coasting TIS traffic communications have ceased for more than 6 seconds but less than 12 seconds Traffic sensor failed to start ...

Page 316: ...n level xxx as defined in the Setup Page The message is displayed for 5 seconds and then removed It will not be enabled for display again until the aircraft has climbed more than 500 feet above the transition level Unsupported Bluetooth Input f Bluetooth keyboard key f was pressed but is not functional with the type of IFD being used UTC Time Mismatch Please restart IFD when possible The internal ...

Page 317: ...eived A user waypoint has been received from an external source e g WiFi This message is displayed for 5 seconds and then removed Waypoint Upload Rejected A user waypoint has been received from an external source e g WiFi but the waypoint was rejected as invalid Possible causes include a referenced fix that is not found in the IFD database or doesn t match database coordinates No 429 from input po...

Page 318: ...Guide 6 26 General Notices WiFi connect Request from device device has attempted to connect to the IFD over WiFi To accept the connection use the Setup Page to set the connection policy to Once or Always Connect Req device ...

Page 319: ...l Deviation Half scale up deviation flag stowed Annunciators All on Bearing to Waypoint RMI 135 Selected Course OBS 150 when interfaced to an HSI with course pointer Desired Track 150 Distance To Go 10 0 NM Time To Go 4 minutes Active Waypoint AVDYN Groundspeed 150 knots Present Position N39 04 05 W094 53 86 Waypoint Alert Active Phase of Flight Enroute Message Alert Active GPS Integrity Invalid R...

Page 320: ...rcuit breakers which need to be pulled out to remove power to an IFD or the top left knob can be pushed and held to power the unit down recommended method LOSS OF IFD Failure Indication The simplest method of determining that a loss of an IFD has occurred is a loss of both the bezel backlighting and the display going black Functionality Lost When the failure of an IFD is indicated by loss of both ...

Page 321: ... for a repair action LOSS OF DISPLAY Failure Indication The first indication that an IFD has experienced a loss of the display LCD is the appearance of a black display but the bezel backlighting is still present Assuming the cockpit dimming control rheostat hasn t been activated to the dimmest setting and the display has actually failed the easiest indication that just the display has failed is a ...

Page 322: ...orm all other functions that are still available Consider cycling power on the affected IFD via the top left power knob After the flight notify an Avidyne Service Center or Avidyne Customer Support to coordinate for a repair action LOSS OF TOUCHSCREEN CONTROL Failure Indication All touch screen inputs are ignored Functionality Lost There will be no ability to pan the map perform graphical flight p...

Page 323: ...the system will transition to No GPS and provide the appropriate CAS message and remove the ownship symbol from the moving map All GPS based navigation should remain unaffected during DR mode albeit with less accuracy and LPV approaches will be terminated due to loss of integrity so higher minimums for the less accurate GPS based approaches will need to be used Some safety and alerting functions w...

Page 324: ... may be resumed After the flight notify an Avidyne Service Center or Avidyne Customer Support to coordinate for a repair action OTHER ANOMALIES Other system anomalies are indicated to the pilot in the form of a CAS message In all of those cases be cognizant of possible increased workload situations and if the condition persists across a power cycle notify an Avidyne Service Center or Avidyne Custo...

Page 325: ... are supplied by Jeppesen via JDM subscriptions Refer to the Jeppesen product website for the various geographic and bundling options available For those aircraft equipped with external weather and music satellite radio systems subscriptions are managed via that data provider ...

Page 326: ...ully dark adapted IFD BEZEL BRIGHTNESS Each IFD individually controls the bezel brightness backlighting of knobs and buttons through settings on the Setup page The choice of which option to use is one of personal preference and or optimal choice for the specific airplane but Avidyne recommends using the dimming bus control for cockpit lighting consistency Bezel lighting can never be dimmed to be c...

Page 327: ...metal bezel is intentionally designed to radiate heat away from the internal components and out of the unit This can have the effect of a bezel that may be warm to the touch This is considered normal Note that the rubber bezel buttons will not conduct this heat and should not be warm This condition will be more noticeable on hot days or during long ground runs The IFD does not require external or ...

Page 328: ...lot Guide 6 36 General COLD TEMPERATURE OPERATIONS If the IFD had been exposed to very cold temperatures responsiveness of the display and to touch or bezel input may take longer than normal until the IFD has warmed up ...

Page 329: ...are reduced 10 9VDC VHF radio output power reduces to 6W 10 0VDC VHF radio output power reduces to 4W 9VDC 60 second countdown to IFD shutdown begins countdown message displayed on the IFD 6VDC 8 VDC Internal components power down Function is restored by rising above those voltage thresholds by 1VDC for more than 1 second A rapid decay below 10 VDC to 6 8 VDC will result in a power down prior to t...

Page 330: ...lowing actions are taken as input power is increased to the IFD Input Voltage IFD Operation Impact 32 3VDC VHF radio shuts down to protect itself from over voltage events Note that input voltage up to 33VDC will not damage the VHF but it will not function above 32 3VDC ...

Page 331: ...ss The thinner the glove or the more compatible the material e g leather fine cotton etc the greater the likelihood of success will be Likewise the more surface area that comes in contact with the glass the greater the success may be Each glove must be qualified for compatibility with the display and those glove calibration procedures specific to the glove and the pilot combination are immediately...

Page 332: ... verify the IFD changes to the selected tab Pass Fail With the FMS FPL tab displayed use touch to type in a typical flight plan and verify that all entries were recognized Pass Fail With the Map page and tab displayed attempt to pan the map Pass Fail With the Map page and tab displayed attempt to pinch zoom in or out the map to produce a range change Pass Fail With the Map page and tab displayed a...

Page 333: ... charging port delivering up to 2 1 amps High power devices such as iPads can be charged using a low power port However in order to continue using the device while it is being charged the device must be connected to a high power port therefore only in a 28V installation TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Use of USB Port at Startup If a device is plugged into the bezel USB port at IFD startup the unit will boot i...

Page 334: ...p to two IFD100 apps can be connected to a panel mount IFD at a time over WiFi The IFD100 application can be downloaded as a free download from the Apple Store It does not provide any usable functionality without a WiFi connection to an operating panel mount IFD TIPS AND TECHNIQUES IFD100 Can Connect to IFD Training App The IFD training app separate free download from the Apple Store is capable of...

Page 335: ...roceed into normal flight mode Demo mode can also be exited by removing the USB fob and cycling power to the IFD While in demo mode the IFD will fly the active flight plan in the FMS including any altitude constraints that may be part of the flight plan The starting point of demo mode is whatever location is entered in the flight plan origin and changing the origin location while in demo mode will...

Page 336: ...ts in terminal area procedures will not be retained in stored routes TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Flight Above Terrain in Demo Mode To ensure flight above the terrain in demo mode enter altitude constraint s in the flight plan that are above the terrain along the flight plan Once in demo mode both the Map and Chart will display a Not For Navigation watermark Demo Mode Watermark To return to flight mode rem...

Page 337: ... Mode Some aspects of IFD behavior are completely simulated in demo mode For example on models equipped with a VHF radio the radios can be tuned in demo mode which will display the entered frequency and the station identifier but the radio isn t actually channelized to that entered frequency ...

Page 338: ...hip position is streaming out of the IFD for use by third party device applications Outbound from IFD only WiFi Active Flight Plan The active flight plan and any real time modifications to it is streaming out of the IFD for use by third party device applications Outbound from IFD only WiFi Stored Routes Stored flight plan routes are a bi directional transfer between the IFD and approved third part...

Page 339: ...e that data from other weather sources will be streamed to the IFD100 WiFi User Waypoints User waypoints are a bi directional transfer between the IFD and approved third party device applications User waypoints can be created off board and imported into the IFD and or can be created on the IFD and transmitted off board for third party device application use WiFi USB Instrument Approach and Transit...

Page 340: ...ted for later use on any IFD USB Data Entry and IFD manipulation Data can be entered e g frequencies waypoint names checklist data etc from a properly paired external Bluetooth keyboard In addition bezel controls and other IFD manipulation can be accomplished e g activating keys page keys changing map range volume etc via the paired keyboard Inbound to IFD only Bluetooth Data Logs Datalogs can be ...

Page 341: ...n Transmission Method s Database Updates On board databases e g nav chart obstacle terrain can be uploaded to an IFD from a fob device Inbound to IFD only USB Software Updates IFD software updates can be uploaded to an IFD from a fob device Inbound to IFD only USB ...

Page 342: ...ing the equipment to a different circuit than the affected equipment Consult an authorized dealer or other qualified avionics technician for additional help Operation of this device is subject to the following conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation This transmitter...

Page 343: ...ement concerné Consultez un installateur agréé ou un autre technicien en avionique qualifié pour obtenir de l aide supplémentaire L utilisation de cet appareil est soumise aux conditions suivantes 1 Cet appareil ne doit pas provoquer d interférences nuisibles et 2 cet appareil doit accepter toute interférence reçue y compris les interférences pouvant entraîner un fonctionnement indésirable Cet éme...

Page 344: ... NOTAMs and TFR areas are intended for the sole purpose of assisting in long and near term planning and decision making The system lacks sufficient resolution and updating capability necessary for aerial maneuvering associated with immediate decisions In particular in extreme scenarios the oldest weather radar data on the display can be up to 15 to 20 minutes older than the display s age indicatio...

Page 345: ...tenance mode and the method to return to flight mode STARTING MAINTENANCE MODE AT POWER UP If the IFD is powered off maintenance mode can be started by inserting a USB fob into the USB port located on the front panel of the IFD Once the fob has been inserted apply power to the IFD and the unit will power up into maintenance mode If the fob is empty the Logs tab will be selected Otherwise the Updat...

Page 346: ...n Those logs are often useful for technical support Press the Status LSK until Software is selected Then press Download Logs which will have appeared by the bottom left LSK At that point the LSKs will be changed to Confirm and Cancel Press Confirm to switch to maintenance mode When the system restarts into maintenance mode the Logs tab will be selected Download Logs LSK Confirm Cancel LSKs ...

Page 347: ...e the Update tab will be selected Update Databases LSK EXITING MAINTENANCE MODE To return to flight mode from maintenance mode select the Update tab either by touching that tab or by pressing the left side of the AUX button until that tab is selected At that point a Done LSK will be presented on the right side of the display adjacent to the ENTR button When the Done button is pressed either by tou...

Page 348: ...e table below summarizes the database update periods Database Update Cycle Comments Source Chart Data 14 days Expiration watermark displayed after 14 days indefinitely until data updated Jeppesen Nav Data 28 days Airport airway navaid airspace and FMS data Jeppesen Obstacle Data 56 days Displayed on map and used for Terrain Awareness and FLTA functions Jeppesen Terrain Data As required Displayed o...

Page 349: ...ated is placed onto one of the acceptable USB fobs and then start the IFD in maintenance mode see Maintenance Mode section on page 6 53 Maintenance mode is organized similarly to flight mode using a tabbed interface Databases are updated using the Update tab If the IFD is powered up in maintenance mode or maintenance mode is entered using the Update Databases LSK then the Update tab will already b...

Page 350: ... right side of the list Pressing the right knob button or touching an item when the item surrounded by the cursor is already selected will cause the item to be deselected All items in the list can be selected or deselected at once by pressing the Select All and Un Select All LSKs respectively Update tab with items selected Once the set of items to be loaded has been selected press the Proceed LSK ...

Page 351: ...ay be required to restore the data integrity Use of a ground power unit is recommended A progress bar will be presented as the loading process proceeds During the process various messages may appear and disappear The progress bar will reset and be updated for each item to be loaded Upload progress bar NOTE Each IFD Requires Separate Upload In multiple IFD installations the database uploads must be...

Page 352: ...e shown above the list If not an error message will be displayed above the list Note that all of the LSKs along the left side will be removed and that no cursor will be presented If there is a need to get the cursor and the LSKs back either remove and reinsert the USB fob or just change tabs by touching the tab or using the AUX button and then go back to the Update tab If the load was not successf...

Page 353: ...n the form of an incorrect procedure incorrectly identified terrain obstacles navigation fixes or any other displayed item used for navigation or communication in the air or on the ground Use the Service Hotline defined on the inside back cover NOTE Database Accuracy and Completeness Avidyne accurately processes and validates the database data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of ...

Page 354: ... future software updates The Avidyne position is that any shop that holds a repair station certificate an A P or an Experimental Aircraft owner with log book signoff authority can perform the update The person performing the update must follow the provided Service Bulletin explicitly and mail fax email back in the completed update sheet that is part of the Service Bulletin but Avidyne does not res...

Page 355: ...d IFD state It logs at a rate of approximately 1Hz Flight Log This log provides a detailed record of your aircraft state as measured by the various IFD sensors It logs at a rate of approximately 5Hz Engine Log This log provides details on fuel flow system data if configured It logs at a rate of approximately Hz Event Log This log contains miscellaneous data such as all alerts keystrokes system sta...

Page 356: ...on the IFD to scroll the cursor up and down and then use the knob button to select the item surrounded by the cursor to be downloaded You can also move the cursor by touching items in the list and then touch the item surrounded by the cursor again to select it When an item is selected a checkmark will appear on the right side of the list Pressing the knob button or touching an item when the item s...

Page 357: ...gress Pending Skipped Active or Failed Once the download is complete press the Done LSK to exit maintenance mode When downloaded to the USB fob the data logs will be saved in csv files with a unit number prefix e g 1_ or 2_ This can be imported into newer versions of Microsoft Excel in a table format The data can then be plotted or analyzed by several third party tools Note that files can easily c...

Page 358: ...res of each individual component It is designed to be a diagnostics log for Avidyne Service Center technicians Event Log This log contains miscellaneous data such as all alerts keystrokes system status and error messages etc It is a diagnostics log for Avidyne Service Center technicians GPS Log This log contains miscellaneous internal GPS state data It is a diagnostics log for Avidyne Service Cent...

Page 359: ...ns selections 33 FMS Setup settings 38 Map Setup settings 80 Map Declutter selections 58 System Time Since Power On 1 Frequency List values 80 Com Preset values 16 Com Nav Audio States 21 GDL69 Settings 2 VHF Com Values 5 VHF Nav Values 5 Lightning Sensor Configuration 4 OBS Cal Bias data 2 Video Settings 16 Paid Options 11 Radar Settings 6 WiFi Settings 5 ...

Page 360: ...re Options SAVING USER DATA Ensure a properly formatted fob is installed in the IFD Start the IFD in maintenance mode see Maintenance Mode section on page 6 53 From the Update tab ensure the desired Save data type option s has a checkmark and then press the Proceed LSK option TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Additional Means of Recording Configurations Avidyne highly recommends recording your user preferences ...

Page 361: ...ceed LSK option When the upload is complete should take a matter of seconds exit Maintenance Mode via pressing the Done LSK and then select the appropriate page e g UTIL option of the SYS tab on the AUX page to verify the restored data is present It is possible to import user data from IFD simulators but they must be individually selected for saving onto the fob via the simulator The possible stat...

Page 362: ...ne in the file contains a user waypoint defined as follows with each field separated by a comma Identifier this field must contain at least one character and at most 5 characters Allowable characters are letters A through Z and numerals 0 through 9 Name this field can either be blank or contain at most 20 characters Allowable characters are letters A through Z letters a through z numerals 0 throug...

Page 363: ... of user waypoints in the CSV file will completely replace the set of user waypoints in the IFD The IFD cannot detect inaccurate data in the CSV file It is the pilot s responsibility to check the accuracy of each user waypoint after loading and before its first use DOWNLOADING USER WAYPOINTS To save the set of user waypoints currently contained in the IFD start Maintenance Mode go to the Update ta...

Page 364: ...E If the USB fob already contains a file named SAVEDWPTS CSV when user waypoints are downloaded the IFD will overwrite the contents of the file To prevent data loss consider transferring the file to a personal computer or renaming the file on the USB fob ...

Page 365: ...stallations should turn off Bluetooth on the Setup page on one IFD NOTE Acceptable Bluetooth Keyboards Due to certification constraints only Avidyne supplied Bluetooth keyboards will be functional Before attempting to pair a Bluetooth keyboard ensure the keyboard has adequate charge then turn it on using the switch on the left side Then ensure that the Bluetooth option is turned on in the Setup pa...

Page 366: ...n on the screen At that point press the Stop Scan LSK After Stop Scan has been pressed turn the right outer knob to move the cursor to the desired device Press the Pair Device LSK and wait for a numeric pairing code to appear Bluetooth pairing Start Scan LSK Bluetooth pairing keyboard discovered Bluetooth pairing Pair Device LSK ...

Page 367: ...ay restart the pairing process with pressing the button on the back of the keyboard If repeated attempts to pair are unsuccessful contact Avidyne Technical Support After successful pairing exit maintenance mode by pressing the Done LSK on the Update tab VERIFICATION OF SUCCESSFUL PAIRING Start the IFD in flight mode and then go to the Connectivity category in the Setup Page Ensure that the Bluetoo...

Page 368: ...HNIQUES Common Mistake with Bluetooth Legend A common mistake is to interpret the Bluetooth Setup status legend in the top left corner of the Bluetooth Setup page as the actual state of Bluetooth TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Inoperative Bluetooth Keyboards The most likely reasons why a previously paired keyboard appears non functional or inoperative is due to lack of charge or the Bluetooth setting on the ...

Page 369: ... only be paired to one device If it is paired to something other than an IFD it will have to be paired again with the specific IFD TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Keyboard Status Indications A solid green LED lamp indicates the keyboard is connected A flashing green LED indicates it is trying to pair A yellow LED is lit every time a keystroke is sent to the IFD While charging the red LED turns on and grows di...

Page 370: ...n the screen In general isopropyl alcohol is a safe and effective cleaner Methanol and most acidic solutions can be toxic or damaging to glass coatings if misused Excessive or unnecessary cleaning should be avoided to prevent damage to the coated optical filter surfaces Never allow excess amounts of cleaning agents to dry if they have formed into pools streaks or droplets to help avoid spotting of...

Page 371: ...30 430A 430W 430AW 5 03 Main IFD410 400 400W 5 03 Main The following table represents the complete list of unsupported Garmin functionality in the IFD Unsupported 500 530 Functionality Comments Manual entry of fuel flow Fuel totalizer data and computed fuel at waypoints destinations are only supported in installations that integrate a fuel flow system In no cases can you manually enter fuel flow i...

Page 372: ... not already wired to the audio panel then that wiring will need to be added with IFD installation NOTE ADS B and Air Ground Output Wiring to Transponder To take full advantage of the IFD ADS B compliant position and automatic air ground transitions ensure the proper IFD output signals are wired to a compatible transponder TIPS AND TECHNIQUES Multiple Integration Options Discuss integration option...

Page 373: ...on GPS 5 24 Precision VHF 5 24 Procedures 5 22 SBAS 5 25 Visual 2 36 Armed Mode Navigation 5 13 Arrival 2 32 Audio Tab 4 2 Auto VLOC Tuning 5 18 B Backlight Keyboard 1 37 Night Operations 6 35 Backup Restore 6 69 Before Takeoff 1 47 Bezel Layout 1 9 Bluetooth Keyboard 1 14 1 37 Pairing 6 74 Brightness Night Operations 6 35 Overview 1 12 C Calculators 4 11 Air Data 4 12 Trip Statistics 4 15 Weight ...

Page 374: ...e Missed 5 31 Enroute VNAV See VNAV Exocentric View 3 43 Expanded View 2 3 F FIS B 3 20 4 87 6 53 Flight Plan Activating 2 25 and SVS 3 44 Approaches 2 32 Arrivals 2 32 Creating 2 8 Cursor 2 6 Deleting 2 21 Departures 2 10 Editing 2 7 Inverting 2 48 Mini Format 2 4 Preview 2 9 Saving 2 47 Sequencing 2 26 View 2 3 FLTA 3 38 FMS 2 1 FPL Page 2 2 Info Page 2 41 Nearest Page 2 54 Routes Page 2 45 Wayp...

Page 375: ...27 Line Select Keys 1 6 1 8 1 16 LNAV 5 26 LNAV VNAV 5 27 LNAV V 5 27 LP 5 27 LP V 5 28 LPV 5 25 5 27 M Maintenance Mode 6 54 Manual Sequencing 5 4 Map Decluttering 3 11 Panning 3 11 Pop Up 3 14 Setup 4 57 Weather Overlays 3 21 Map Features 3 5 Map Pages 3 1 Map Tab 3 2 Messages 6 5 METAR 3 15 METAR Flag 2 40 2 43 2 55 Min Safe Altitude MSA 4 45 Missed Approach 5 31 Multiple Destinations 2 32 Mult...

Page 376: ...20 RAIM 4 14 Range To Altitude Arc 2 31 Retry Approach 5 33 RNAV 5 25 Route Preview 2 48 Rubber Banding 3 12 S Satellite Radio 4 4 SBAS 1 45 Self Test 6 28 Setup Tab 4 20 Shared Data 1 41 SIGMETs 3 24 Slide In Replacement 6 80 Software Status Page 4 80 Software Updates 6 63 Split Pages 1 16 Map FPL 2 40 Map Nearest 2 55 Squelch 1 10 Standby Com 4 6 Start Up Sequence 1 13 Stored Route 2 45 Activati...

Page 377: ...U USB 1 10 6 47 6 57 Charging 6 42 User Profiles 4 71 User Waypoints 2 51 As an airfield 2 52 Creating 2 51 Deleting 2 52 Naming 2 52 Uploading 6 71 V Vectors To Final 5 14 5 22 5 29 5 33 Vertical Direct To 5 37 Visual Approach 2 36 5 29 Setup 4 55 VNAV 2 30 5 35 Settings 4 52 Volume Control 4 2 VOR Approach 5 25 Automatic Tuning 2 27 Course Depiction 5 12 Nearest 2 54 VSR 4 43 W WAAS 1 45 Warning...

Page 378: ......

Page 379: ...r data logs SOFTWARE LICENSE AVIDYNE CORPORATION AVIDYNE IS WILLING TO LICENSE THIS SOFTWARE PILOT S GUIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS THE SOFTWARE ONLY ON THE CONDITION THAT YOU AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THE PUBLISHED SOFTWARE LICENSE WHICH CAN BE ACCESSED VIA THIS WEB ADDRESS HTTPS WWW AVIDYNE COM LICENSE LIMITATION OF LEGAL RIGHTS THE USER OF THIS EQUIPMENT AGREES TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS PUBLISHED BY...

Page 380: ...AVIDYNE CORPORATION 710 North Drive Melbourne FL 32934 321 751 8520 Toll Free 800 AVIDYNE 800 284 3963 www avidyne com P N 600 00304 000 Rev 08 ...

Reviews:

No comments

Related manuals for IFD410 FMS/GPS

Brand: Tecnodom Pages: 40

Brand: New Air Pages: 28

Brand: Amdi Pages: 2

Brands by name

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Popular brands

Load more brands