Banner AG4 Series Safety Laser Scanner
WARNING . . . PROTECTIVE FIELD HEIGHT (STATIONARY HORIZONTAL FIELDS)
Where the height of a horizontal Protective Field is
H > 300 mm
, there is a risk that a person can go undetected beneath the field. If it is possible
for an individual to crawl undetected under the Protective Field and access the hazard, install supplemental guarding to prevent this access.
3.3.4 Minimum Safety (Separation) Distance – Stationary Applications (US Standards)
Response Time Considerations
The Scanner’s mirror rotates every 40 ms (25 scans [revolutions] per second). The safety outputs will switch off only
after an object is detected in the Protective Field for at least two consecutive scans. The Scanner’s minimum response
time is therefore
80 ms
(2x 40ms).
To increase the Scanner’s reliability in an adverse environments (e.g., with fine airborne particles), increase the number
of scans required before the scanners safety outputs turn off. With each additional scan the response time (
Tr
)
increases by
40 ms
. With
K
= 1600 mm/s the separation (safety) distance increases by 64 mm (40 ms x 1600 mm/s) per
additional scan.
WARNING . . . SCANNER RESPONSE TIME ADJUSTMENTS
Do not increase the Scanner’s 80 ms response time for vertically positioned Protective Fields
such as work cell access (Entry/ Exit) or
perimeter guarding applications where a person could move quickly through the Protective Field without being detected.
Failure to follow this recommendation could result in serious bodily injury or death.
Minimum Safety (Separation) Distance Formula
When all factors that influence the Safety Distance are considered, the formula is:
D
S
= [K x (T
S
+ T
R
)] + Dpf + Z
SM
+ Z
refl
where
D
S
=
the safety distance, in mm (inches);
K
= 1600 mm per second (63 inches per second) (see note 1 below)
T
S
= maximum stopping time (sec) of the machine (see note 2 below)
T
R
= maximum response time (sec) of the Scanner (see note 3 below)
Dpf
= Depth penetration factor: The additional distance required by U.S. standards, such as ANSI B11.19, to
prevent a person from encroaching towards the hazard without being detected.
Z
SM
= the additional distance needed to account for distance measurement error.
Z
refl
= the additional distance needed to account for error due to reflections from retro reflective surfaces.
Notes
1.
The OSHA-recommended hand speed constant K has been determined by various studies, and although these studies
indicate speeds of 1600 mm/s (63
‖
/s) to more than 2540 mm/s (100
‖
/s), they are not conclusive determinations. Consider all
factors, including the physical ability of the operator, when determining the value of K to be used.
2.
T
S
is usually measured by a stop-time measuring device. If the machine manufacturer’s specified stop time is used, add at
least 20% to allow for possible clutch/brake system deterioration. This measurement must take into account the slower of the
two MPCE channels, and the response time of all devices or controls that react to stop the machine (e.g., UM-FA-9A safety
module). See Notice Regarding MPCEs. If all devices are not included, the calculated safety distance (Ds) will be too short
and serious injury could result.
3.
Consideration for Adjacent Scanners. When adjacent Scanner share the same detection plane and have an unobstructed
view of each other, an additional 40 ms time must be added to the response times of both scanners. If the adjacent scanners’
detection planes are shielded so that there is no clear line of sight between sensors or there is at least a 4" (100 mm)
detection plane offset, then the 40 ms addition is not required.
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