Banner AG4 Series Safety Laser Scanner
Z
refl
is the additional distance needed to account for error due to reflections from retro reflective or shiny surfaces that
are present in the scanning plane.
No Retro-reflectors:
Z
refl
= 0
Retro-reflectors located within the scanning plane of the Protective Field:
Z
refl
= 100 mm (4")
3.3.5 Minimum Safety Distance – Stationary Applications (European Standards)
Response Time Considerations
The Scanner’s mirror rotates every 40 ms (25 scans – or revolutions – per second). The safety outputs will switch OFF
only after an object is detected in the Protective Field for at least two consecutive scans. The Scanner’s minimum
response time is therefore
80 ms
(2 x 40 ms).
To increase the Scanner’s reliability in an adverse environments (e.g., with fine airborne particles), increase the number
of scans required before the Scanner's safety outputs turn OFF. With each additional scan, the response time (
t1
)
increases by
40 ms
. With
K = 1600 mm/s
, the separation (safety) distance increases by 64 mm (40 ms x 1600 mm/s)
per additional scan.
WARNING . . . AG4 RESPONSE TIME ADJUSTMENTS
Do not increase the Scanner’s 80 ms response time for vertically positioned Protective Fields such as work cell access (Entry/ Exit) or perimeter
guarding applications where a person could move quickly through the Protective Field without being detected.
Failure to follow this recommendation could result in serious bodily injury or death.
WARNING . . . DETERMINE CORRECT STOP TIME
Stop time (T) must include the response time of all devices or controls that react to stop the machine.
If all devices are not included, the
calculated Safety distance (S) will be too short.
This can lead to serious bodily injury or death.
Be sure to include the stop time of all relevant
devices and controls in the calculations.
WARNING . . . PROPER SAFETY DISTANCE
The Protective Field must be located far enough from the nearest hazard such that an individual cannot reach the hazard before
cessation of hazardous motion or situation. Failure to establish and maintain the minimum safety distance could result in serious
bodily injury or death.
Minimum Safety (Separation) Distance Formula
When all factors that influence the Safety distance are considered, the formula is:
S = (K x T) + C + Z
SM
+ Z
refl
where
S
= the minimum distance between the hazard and the Protective Field.
S
is never less than 100 mm (4
‖
).
K
= approach speed (see note 1 below)
2000 mm per second
(79" per second) for S < 500 mm (20
‖
)
1600 mm per second
(63" per second) for S > 500 mm (20
‖
)
T
= overall system stopping performance in seconds (see note 2 below)
C
= an additional distance in millimeters (inches), based on intrusion towards the hazard prior to actuation of
the Scanner. This value is never less than zero.
Z
SM
= the additional distance needed to account for distance measurement error.
Z
refl
= the additional distance needed to account for error due to reflections from retro reflective surfaces.
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