BRECHTEL STAP 9406, Instrument Manual

Page 1: ...Instrument Manual Ver 3 5 STAP 9406 For UAV Reader version 5 4 and firmware version 7 1 BMI PN 83 00036 01A February 16 2021 ...

Page 2: ...1 Getting Help 6 4 Unboxing 7 4 1 Before First Use 7 5 STAP Overview 9 5 1 Description 9 5 2 Theory of Operation 10 Introduction 10 Absorption Coefficient Correction 11 5 3 Component Technical Descriptions 12 5 4 STAP Options 13 5 5 STAP Specifications 15 6 System Setup 16 6 1 Packing List 16 83 00036 01A STAP 9406 Page 1 of 46 ...

Page 3: ...lters 25 7 3 White filter check filter initialization 28 7 4 Startup Shutdown 29 7 5 Front Panel Firmware 29 SD Card Menu 30 Filter Menu 30 STAP Control Menu 30 Display Menu 31 Date Time Menu 31 COM Defaults Menu 31 Main Defaults Menu 31 Diagnostics Menu 32 Calibration Values Menu 32 Raw Readings Menu 32 Manufacture Info Menu 32 7 6 Data Files 33 SD Card 33 Data File Format 33 7 7 UAV Reader Softwar...

Page 4: ...al Commands 39 8 Maintenance 41 8 1 Cleaning the STAP 41 9 STAP Errors 42 10 Troubleshooting 43 11 Appendix 44 11 1 Updating the STAP firmware 44 11 2 Calibrating the STAP 45 Sample Flow LFE 45 83 00036 01A STAP 9406 Page 3 of 46 ...

Page 5: ...ound STAP using supplied grounding strap after install Remove RED BRACKET RED SCREWS before first use replace for ship ping use supplied shorter non red head screws for operation Handle the unit during filter changes and other activities by the metal components avoid touching the circuit boards and ground yourself be fore touching the unit 1 2 Shock during shipping If the shock watch installed on th...

Page 6: ... Update software discussion Various 10 26 2018 FJB v3 2 Add new pictures ESD Various 12 8 2018 FJB v3 3 RS232 hexadecimal command Various 12 12 2018 FJB v3 4 Add firmware update procedure Appendix 5 14 2019 FJB v3 5 Add calibrator description Appendix 2 16 2021 FJB 83 00036 01A STAP 9406 Page 5 of 46 ...

Page 7: ... BRECHTEL for any questions or assistance with this product Include the model and serial numbers when contacting Brechtel 1789 Addison Way Hayward California 94544 Telephone 510 732 9723 Fax 510 732 9153 Email sales brechtel com 83 00036 01A STAP 9406 Page 6 of 46 ...

Page 8: ...all shipping packaging foam inserts and cushions to ensure a safe delivery should the instrument need to be returned Notify BMI within 2 days of receiving your product if the shock indicator has activated and or there is any other visible damage Verify the contents of the shipment using the information provided in this manual Figure 1 The black arrows on the shock watch indicate the package experi...

Page 9: ...4 Unboxing Figure 2 Remove the red brackets and bolts be sure to replace be fore shipping 83 00036 01A STAP 9406 Page 8 of 46 ...

Page 10: ...single reference filter through which the sam ple flow passes downstream of the sample filter For applications requiring multiple sample channels Brechtel offers the Model 2901 TAP with 8 sample filter spots and 2 reference filter spots The STAP uses 10 mm diameter glass fiber filters Brechtel STAP FIL100 These fil ters are made of two fibrous layers borosilicate glass fibers overlaying a cellulose fiber bac...

Page 11: ...orption through a length of air at a given time is equivalent to filtering out the absorbing species from the air on a filter and passing the light through this instead If this is true then in a given time period Δt this can be expressed as I t I t Δt e σPSAP λ QPSAPΔt APSAP 2 where I t is the intensity of the light reaching the detector at any given time σPSAP λ is the average wavelength dependent ...

Page 12: ...Measurements of Visible Light Absorption by Aerosols by John A Ogren 2010 Eqn 12 in the above work is σap λ 0 85 QPSAP Qmeas Ameas APSAP σPSAP λ K2 K1 K2 σsp λ 5 Here σap is the aerosol absorption coefficient σsp is the aerosol scattering coefficient K1 0 02 0 02 and K2 1 22 0 20 are empirical coefficients defined by the equation 0 85σPSAP K1σsp K2σap 6 and Q is the sample flow through both the samp...

Page 13: ... you don t have this option then the program actually calculates σap λ 0 85 σPSAP λ K2 10 instead Due to computational limitations in the STAP firmware absorption co efficient values calculated in real time by the firmware have higher un certainties 15 than values calculated by post processing the raw data using the IGOR software routine provided by BRECHTEL The post processing also allows the scatt...

Page 14: ... orings cables and other items to operate the unit and change filters Figure 3 Major compo nents of the STAP 5 4 STAP Options There are several optional accessories external to the device that can be added at any time depending on your changing measurement needs 83 00036 01A STAP 9406 Page 13 of 46 ...

Page 15: ...ck of 250 10 mm glass fiber filters for 9406 STAP Consumeable sample and reference filters ACC STAPKit Maintenance Kit for 9406 STAP Orings grease cleaning tools etc to maintain your STAP ACC PWR Additional 12 VDC power supply for ground operation of any ACCESS module Duplicate supply to operate STAP in two locations ACC PC Computer loaded with UAV Reader Software Easily operate STAP in multiple loca...

Page 16: ...fiber 10 mm dia Number of Sample Spots 1 Number of Reference Spots 1 Communications USB and RS 232 Operating Temperature 20 to 35 C Operating Pressure 200 1 100 mb Operating Humidity 0 95 RH non condensing Physical size 5 3 x 4 3 x 3 9 in 13 5 x 10 9 x 9 9 cm Weight 1 45 lbs 0 66 kg Supply voltage 12 VDC Power usage 10 watts Mounting Multiple hard mounting points through metal body brackets 83 0003...

Page 17: ...the STAP Table 3 shows the parts needed to prepare the STAP for operation 6 2 Assembly The STAP will arrive with the front display and sample LFE uninstalled Follow the dis cussion below together with the figure and table to assemble the various pieces Figure 4 View of STAP assembly Numbers refer to table items Table 3 STAP Assembly Parts Description QTY 1 STAP Base Unit 1 2 Front Panel Display 1 3...

Page 18: ... and black tubing are closest to item 1 Figure 5 Connecting LFE differential pressure tubing sample thermistor and DC power In figure 5 PS1 denotes pressure sensor 1 Connect the red tube labelled PS1 Lower to the barb on PS1 closest to the green circuit board Connect the black tube labelled PS1 Upper to the barb on PS1 farthest from the green circuit board Connect the red tube labelled PS2 to the s...

Page 19: ...e used to power the STAP The instrument firmware automatically runs when power is connected Ensure the power plug is fully seated in the connector before connecting the instrument to a computer Connect the sample thermistor attached to the sample LFE to the connector item 1 in Fig 5 on the main circuit board If the vacuum pump 2 pin connector is not connected to the main board then connect it to th...

Page 20: ...t to the USB mini connector on the main board item 2 in figure 6 The RS232 port item 3 in figure 6 is used to send remote control commands directly to the STAP from a user computer using the cable provided in the ship kit The STAP uses a simple 3 wire RS232 connection The board connector uses a 3 position C Grid SL con nector A DB9 adapter is included with each STAP ship kit The detailed settings fo...

Page 21: ...h a serial connector is provided in the STAP ship kit The port configuration and commands available are de scribed later in this manual 6 6 Mounting The STAP is shipped integrated with a mounting bracket that has tabs with holes for mounting bolts See figures below for detailed mounting dimensions of the various items Alternatively the STAP can simply be placed on a table top The mounting tabs may b...

Page 22: ...6 System Setup Figure 7 STAP assembly overall dimensions inches and millimeters in paren theses 83 00036 01A STAP 9406 Page 21 of 46 ...

Page 23: ... STAP mounting bracket detailed dimensions inches and millimeters in parentheses Figure 9 Front panel dis play mounting bracket de tailed dimensions inches and millimeters in paren theses 83 00036 01A STAP 9406 Page 22 of 46 ...

Page 24: ...oard micro SD card Caution Each time the STAP is powered up the filter state MUST be de fined by the user Either a new initialization process is required if new filters have been installed or the previous initialization results can be used if the filters have not been changed Caution It is NOT recommended to operate the unit at light attenua tion levels lower than 0 7 a 30 reduction of intensity from ...

Page 25: ...ocontroller used to run the STAP For low value inverse mega meter readings 50 the approximate values are usually within 10 of the actual value All of the raw intensity and other readings are stored at 1 Hz to allow more accurate absorption coef ficient values to be calculated during data post processing Due to computational limitations in the STAP firmware absorption co efficient values calculated i...

Page 26: ... Figure 10 First step to changing STAP filters Shut off the STAP control software and disconnect power Remove the two 4 40 bolts show in Fig 10 that pass through the detector board and hold the two main STAP body pieces to each other The allen wrenches re quired to change the filters are in the ship kit Pull the detector board and underlying aluminum STAP body piece away from the unit to reveal the ...

Page 27: ...very 20 filter changes lightly lubricate all of the o rings before in stalling new filters Using a set of tweezers place two new filters into the STAP cavities Fig 12 with the rough white perforated side facing DOWN toward the dome Make sure only one filter is installed in each channel sometimes two filters stick to gether Re install the two stainless steel filter clamps and CAREFULLY and EVENLY tighten...

Page 28: ...fore sampling may begin Once the STAP begins sampling after the filter change compare the flow rate with the value before the filter change If the flow rate is significantly differ ent the filters may not be fully seated or you may have accidentally inserted multiple filters Figure 11 Second step to changing STAP filters Figure 12 Third step to changing STAP filters 83 00036 01A STAP 9406 Page 27 of 46 ...

Page 29: ...er when the white filter check is complete so that the user can remove the filter from the inlet and begin normal sampling The check normally requires 10 minutes after the warm up period ends When the STAP is turned on after having been off for an extended period it is important to allow it to warm up before taking readings or doing the white filter initialization When an initialization is completed ...

Page 30: ... readings from the unit while sampling from the filter Remove the filter for normal operation Shutdown the STAP by turning SD Save to Off and then removing 12V power from the unit Be sure to practice good electrostatic discharge procedures if the STAP will be moved 7 5 Front Panel Firmware Although it is possible to run the STAP without the mini front panel using the mini front panel makes operating...

Page 31: ... Filter Menu The Filter menu controls new filter initialization and is the default startup menu each time the STAP is powered on Follow instructions provided by the firmware to initialize a new filter See details above for the initialization process STAP Control Menu Rotate the data knob to select the STAP Control menu A quick push of the knob will allow the STAP to be turned Off or On The menu will ...

Page 32: ...eference intensity from last filter initialization Init Conditions pressure temperature and flow rate during last filter initialization Date Time Menu The current date and time of the STAP is displayed Use short knob presses to move the cursor to adjust the time and date if required In DEFAULT SETTINGS mode there are six available menus COM Defaults Menu baud_rt baud rate 38 4k 57 6k 115 2k USB delim...

Page 33: ...dings Menu flw_raw raw LFE flow reading 0 4095 prs_raw raw pressure reading 0 4095 vlt_raw raw power supply reading 0 4095 Manufacture Info Menu The Manufacture Info menu displays the following lines version firmware version ser_num serial number mfgyear mfg year mfg_mon mfg month mfg_day mfg day All settings and calibration values are saved to the on board EEPROM memory when users return to READINGS...

Page 34: ...VIOUS or 6 INITIALIZED a new file will be created as soon as an SD card is inserted The header information will also be written even if SD Save is Off A new file is also automatically created every time a filter initialization is completed SD Card To clear the SD card of old files it is necessary to FORMAT the SD card a quick format works and not just delete the files The STAP will not be able to use s...

Page 35: ... 3159 slope of the total pressure sensor calibration equation prsoffs 129 offset of the total pressure sensor calibration equation vltslop 401 slope of the input power voltage calibration equation vltoffs 1144 offset of the input power voltage calibration equation blank line redsmpi 810532 initial red intensity reading in counts of the sample channel redrefi 1022272 initial red intensity reading in...

Page 36: ... YY MM DD Year Month Day 2 HR MN SC Hour Minute Second 3 invmm_r Absorption coefficient red 1 Mm 4 invmm_g Absorption coefficient green 1 Mm 5 invmm_b Absorption coefficient blue 1 Mm 6 red_smp Raw intensity red sample 7 red_ref Raw intensity red reference 8 grn_smp Raw intensity green sample 9 grn_ref Raw intensity green reference 10 blu_smp Raw intensity blue sample 11 blu_ref Raw intensity blue...

Page 37: ...operating parameters are shwon If a par ticular instrument is not connected to the reader software then the tab is greyed out Multiple STAPs may also be connected to the reader software at the same time a simple drop down menu allows selection of the desired serial number unit Various instrument settings may also be controlled via the GUI For example the STAP control On Off as well as SD Save sett...

Page 38: ...rence filters for each wavelength The initial intensity readings acquired during the last white filter check are shown to the right of the current filter readings The current LED power set tings are shown on a 0 255 scale In the bottom row of the figure are shown the current instrument settings on the left time and date set in the firmware diagnostic readings manufacturing information and finally calibr...

Page 39: ... on board STAP RS232 port s_read Returns readings from currently selected STAP s_settings Returns settings for currently selected STAP s_calib Returns calibration coefficients for currently selected STAP s_rtclck Returns real time clock setting for currently selected STAP s_mfginfo Returns serial number firmware version and mfg date for currently se lected STAP s_select sets which STAP to communica...

Page 40: ...NOT USB When using remote control RS232 commands DIRECTLY with the STAP you MUST send the values within the commands in hexadecimal format Command syntax for the STAP when connected directly to the STAP main board RS232 port e g NOT using the reader software read Returns readings from currently selected STAP settings Returns settings for currently selected STAP calib Returns calibration coefficien...

Page 41: ...ual for details flow_sp sets flow setpoint lpm intrvl sets averaging interval sec not SD save interval s_clk_sec set clock seconds clk_min set clock minutes clkhour set clock hours clk_day set clock day clk_mon set clock month clkyear set clock year 83 00036 01A STAP 9406 Page 40 of 46 ...

Page 42: ... to clean them O rings inside the STAP will become dry with use Apply fresh grease to the O rings exposed during filter changes roughly every 15 filter changes Visually inspect the o rings for damage and replace any that appear cracked or deformed Under persistent high aerosol loading conditions the sample LFE may become clogged or partially blocked with particles Remove the LFE from the unit and flu...

Page 43: ...SD Card Space ERROR 8 Bad Thermistor ERR 9 PUMP MAXED OUT ERR 10 RED LED ERROR 11 GREEN LED ERROR 12 BLUE LED ERROR 13 BLACK NOISE ERROR One common error in the STAP is BAD Stored Value error This error shows up if there was trouble with the previous filter initialization The initialization readings are stored in the EEPROM after initialization If the readings are too low the BAD Stored Value error...

Page 44: ...nsure only one filter installed LFE clogged Ensure LFE is clean Pump failure Replace pump Noise level too high Dirty filters Install new filters Debris on windows Clean windows Detector damage Replace detector board LEDs too dim Replace LED board Sample flow incorrect Calibration drift Recalibrate LFE LFE clogged Clean LFE Sensor failure Replace main board Absorption too low Detector failure Replace d...

Page 45: ...data file from your product listing the calibration coefficients you should not need to re enter the calibration coef ficients after updating the firmware but it is a good idea to have them The small white program data switch is located on the top edge of the main board next to the SD Card slot Move the switch from the data position to the program position push the switch toward the green circuit boa...

Page 46: ...d a free USB port Obtain the program from BRECHTEL or your local technical representative if you cannot find it on the USB stick that shipped with your STAP Copy the program to the STAP folder on the C drive Connect the STAP via a USB cable to the PC USB port and be sure the STAP baud rate is set to USB in the firmware Sample Flow LFE Follow the steps below to re calibrate the LFE in the STAP Be sur...

Page 47: ...values match the desired setpoints ex actly only that the flow is steady during each setpoint calibration Measure the 0 2 lpm flow with the reference flow meter and enter the measured flow value in the white box next to the 0 2 lpm label Do NOT ALLOW the flow meter to make continuous measurements while ac quiring raw readings with the program Set the flow to 0 4 lpm by adjusting the needle valve and rep...

Page 48: ...1102010A Bolt Socket Head 4 40 T 1 1 4 L 2 901302002A Washer Flat 4 SS 4 901303001A Washer Lock 4 SS 4 901402001A Nut 4 40 T SS 4 99 00001 01A Plastic Tweezer Acetal Blunt Tip 1 99 00001 02A Hex L Key 3 32 x 2 1 8 Long 1 99 00002 02A Hex L Key 5 64 x 3 3 8 Long 1 902800040A Power Supply 12v 100 W 8 3 A Desktop 1 903100027A Flash Drive 4 GB USB 2 0 1 903100030A Flash Memory SD Card 4 GB Micro and A...