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      P-40 Tomahawk manual

      
      This manual probably accompanied the AVG Tomahawks to Rangoon. It was 

      published by the British Air Ministry, and the title page says "Tomahawk 

      I". However, internal evidence (the engine designation and references to 

      the Royal Air Force blocks from which the China-bound Tomahawks were 

      taken) tie it to the Tomahawk IIBs sent to Burma for the AVG. On the other 

      hand, there is also some internal evidence (i.e., references to French 

      instrumentation) that the text was not brought entirely up to date, and 

      that some paragraphs may apply to the Tomahawk I or IIA models. 

      I copied the manual in 1989 at the National Air & Space Museum, which in 

      turn had copied it and other material from Larry Pistole's large 

      collection of AVG memorabilia. Pistole's collection was later acquired by 

      the Flying Tigers Association, and NASM's copies somehow went missing, so 

      this is the only version known to be accessible. 

      I follow the original as exactly as possible, including spelling and 

      typography. Words in brackets [like this] have been added. Comments 

      beginning DF: are by the webmaster; those beginning ES: are by Erik 

      Shilling, a pilot with the AVG, who read the manual with an eye to 

      comparing it with his memory of the AVG Tomahawks. Erik's comments (with 

      other information) seem to suggest that the planes sent to China may have 

      had components of older aircraft installed, possibly so Curtiss could use 

      up its inventory of parts, and that the planes were actually closer to IIA 

      models than the IIBs shown in Curtiss records. -- 
      

      FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY 

      AIR PUBLICATION 2013A 

      Pilot's Notes 

      PILOT'S NOTES 

      TOMAHAWK I 

      ALLISON V-1710-C15 ENGINE 

      INTRODUCTION 

      1. The Tomahawk I is a single-seater, low wing, monoplane with retractable 

         landing gear and enclosed cockpit, powered with an Allison V-1710-C15 

         engine, which drives a Curtiss multi-position, constant speed, 

         electrically operated, tractor propeller. The following are the main 

         dimensions: 

         Span 37 ft., 3 1/2 in., Overall length 31 ft. 8-9/16 in. 

         Overall height with tail down 9 ft., 7 in. 
      
      2. The cockpit is totally enclosed. The windscreen is in three sections of 

         laminated glass and behind the windscreen there is a section of 1-1/2 inch 

         glass for protection from gunfire. The transparent cabin cover slides fore 

         and after for entry and exit purposes. An emergency release is provided by 

         which the entire sliding section has an emergency exit on the port side, 

         for us in event of turnover. The structure behind the pilot is of 

         sufficient strength to withstand a turnover landing. Three pieces of armor 

         plate are provided; one piece 7 mm. thick ahead of the pilot from the 

         windscreen line down to the top of the engine, a piece 7 mm. thick behind 

         the pilot's back, and 9 mm. thick behind his head. 
      
      3. The main plane is a cantilever multi-spar, skin stressed type built in 

         two pieces and joined at the centerline of the airplane. The wing tips are 

         detachable. The joint where the two wing sections are connected will serve 

         as a skid in case of an emergency landing with the wheels retracted. 

         The ailerons are both dynamically and aerodynamically balanced. They are 

         operated by the conventional stick control. A fix type trimming tab, 

         adjustable in the ground is provided on    4x 4    Šeach aileron. The 

Summary of Contents for P-40 Tomahawk

Page 1: ...iss records FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY AIR PUBLICATION 2013A Pilot s Notes PILOT S NOTES TOMAHAWK I ALLISON V 1710 C15 ENGINE INTRODUCTION 1 The Tomahawk I is a single seater low wing monoplane with retractable landing gear and enclosed cockpit powered with an Allison V 1710 C15 engine which drives a Curtiss multi position constant speed electrically operated tractor propeller The following are the mai...

Page 2: ...apacity The tank should be refilled to 9 6 imperial gallons maximum service capacity at all times Coolant Tank The coolant expansion tank is forward of the firewall and has a capacity of two imperial gallons 7 The fuselage is of semi monocoque skin stressed construction and has a motor mount of welded steel tube and steel forged links The fuselage access door is on the port side of the fuselage ne...

Page 3: ...ding light recognition device oxygen life preserver radio map case engine and cockpit covers navigation formation identification and cockpit lights See Section 1 15 Tie Down Rings are located inboard of the wing tips on the underside of the wing and marked Tie Down 16 Tool Box A tool box for carrying the airplane and engine tool kit as an overload is provided in the fuselage and is accessible thro...

Page 4: ...the top of the windshield and consists of a turnbuckle and wire painted red This eliminates winding the crank for rapid opening but the enclosure must then be pushed back by hand A ventilator for the cockpit is operated by a push pull control located below the instrument board on the port side When the control is pulled out hot air is admitted to two vents one permitting hot air to enter directly ...

Page 5: ...e undercarriage selector lever is replaced by a safety latch bolt which must be pulled forward before the lever can be moved To ensure positive engagements sic of the locks the switch should be held on for a few seconds after the indicator and the warning horn show that they are down As a final check the pilot should try and move the hand pump lever on the right hand side of the cockpit If this le...

Page 6: ...ting failure of the instrument or open battery or generator circuit The batter switch must be On to maintain operation of the indicator The battery switch should be Off before leaving the airplane Engine Controls 10 Throttle Quadrant The throttle automatic mixture and propeller controls are located on the throttle quadrant The mixture control locates the automatic rich and automatic lean positions...

Page 7: ...el remained eliminating the pilot having to rely upon a fuel gage which at best was an unreliable 14 Carburetor Air Heat Control is located on the same bracket as the rounds indicator on the starboard side The carburetor air intake is a scoop built into the top of the engine cowl A butterfly valve controlled from the cockpit is located immediately above the carburetor air screen and permits either...

Page 8: ...c If the engine heat is excessive when operating the oil dilution control the heat may evaporate the fuel out of the oil and leave the normal high viscosity oil in the engine When this condition is encountered the engine should first be shut off and allowed to cool for fifteen minutes then re started and the instructions outlined in paragraph a followed in preparing the engine for cold weather sta...

Page 9: ...the fuselage aft of the cockpit These are controlled through a rheostat on the port side electrical boxes Aircraft A H 971 onwards 27 Identification Lights Provisions are made in top of the fuselage aft of cockpit enclosure and starboard rear wing fillet for upward and downward identification lights The identification light switch box is locate don starboard side of cockpit 28 Wireless Controls DF...

Page 10: ...iing qualities of the aircraft do not necessitate their use under normal taxiing conditions v Gun firing system As the guns are fired electrically through a trigger switch on the stick great care must be taken that this is not depressed accidentally or when operating the undercarriage and flap switch vi Trimming tabs The elevator trimming tab is efficient and not unduly powerful for small movement...

Page 11: ...o SHUT iii C P control to 2800 r p m iv Throttle to give approximately 800 r p m v Mixture control to idle cut off See note vi Wobble pump to 4 lbs pressure vii Prime engine with two to four strokes viii Mixture control to FULL RICH ix Switch ON x Push heel on starter pedal to energize starter xi When starter has reached sufficient speed push down toe of starter pedal to engage Note Do not increas...

Page 12: ...ircraft is very easy to take off and shows scarcely any inclination to swing although a little right rudder may be needed As the Allison engine has a particularly quick pick up the opening of the throttle must be done slowly and care must be taken to ensure that the specified maximum manifold pressure of 41 in Hg 104 Cm Hg on French instruments is not exceeded See para 27 for full engine take off ...

Page 13: ...economical condition GENERAL FLYING 13 Whilst this aircraft has a good view and is very maneuvreable it is directionally unstable and this instability most pronounced with the cockpit hood in the fully open position It is necessary to use the rudder on all turns and it is also necessary to readjust the rudder bias for all changes of speed As speed is increased the aircraft tends to yaw to the righ...

Page 14: ...the nose SIDE SLIPPING 18 The aircraft can be side slipped although it is only just possible to hold the nose up and prevent the speed increasing unduly DIVING 19 The maximum permissible diving speed is 470 m p h indicated ES An indicated speed of 470 mph at 20 000 feet was a true airspeed of 658 mph or well into compressibility A speed at which the controls became useless and the plane could not ...

Page 15: ...t of the aerodrome and i Open hood ii Ensure mixture control is in full rich iii Carry out the following vital actions in good time prior to the final approach as the undercarriage takes some time to come down iv U undercarriage and tail wheel down depress button on the undercarriage selector lever and select Down position and press the operating switch on the top of the control column DF toggle s...

Page 16: ...de the tail wheel will retract first before the undercarriage so that the pilot should have warning that he has made a mistake and should cease to press the thumb operating switch immediately DF toggle switch on the AVG Tomahawks FORCED LANDING 25 In the event of a forced landing the pilot must decide whether or not it is advisable to lower the undercarriage or whether the landing should be carrie...

Page 17: ...tained by adjustment of the throttle For climbs of longer duration the boost should be adjusted to 35 in Hg Maximum cruising mixture control Auto rich Maximum r p m Maximum boost 2600 35 in Hg Maximum cruising mixture control Auto rich or weakened Maximum r p m Maximum boost 2280 29 2 in Hg Maximum level 5 minute limit Maximum r p m Maximum boost 3000 38 9 in Hg Maximum dive Maximum r p m Maximum ...

Page 18: ...1710 C 15 Engine 2 It is observed that several methods of starting subject engine are in use at various points 3 To provide specific instructions regarding procedure it is suggested that this information be relayed to all pilots and ground personnel concerned with the operation of Allison Engines 1 PROPER STARTING PROCEDURE The priming system on all Allison engines is independent of the carburetor...

Page 19: ...lor by hand with throttle open b Carburetor Heat in OFF or COLD position c Radiator flap position as required d Throttle 1 10 open or 1000 1200 R P M e Mixture control in IDLE CUT OFF f Electric and Propellor switches ON g Propellor in Manual Low Pitch h Fuel tank selector on Reserve i Pump up and maintain 4 lb fuel pressure j Start energizing starter k Prime COLD engine 3 strokes WARM 1 stroke cl...

Page 20: ...stitutes a dangerous fire hazard as well as a detriment to the oil film lubrication of the pistons rings and cylinder walls of the engine e Extreme CAUTION should be taken to aboid sic overpriming on either a HOT or COLD engine f To relieve overpriming crank engine several revolutions with switch in OFF position throttle wide open and carburetor manual mixture control in IDLE CUT OFF position This...

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