D.W. FEARN
VT-12 Microphone Preamplifer
14
The VT-12 was developed in 1995 in answer to requests from a number of our customers for
a two-channel version of the preamp. The VT-12 occupies the same amount of rack space,
but is four inches deeper than the VT-1.
When the VT-1 and VT-12 preamps were designed, condenser mics were the standard for pro-
fessional recording. But after 2000, ribbon microphones started to make a comeback. The
smooth response, highly-defined pattern, and unique sound of ribbon mics makes them an
excellent choice for many recording situations.
However, ribbon microphones have a very low output -- often 20dB lower than condenser
mics. The VT-1 and VT-12 were optimized for condenser mic level, and although the VT-
1/VT-12 were often used with ribbon mics, the 54dB of gain in the stock VT-1/VT-12 was not
quite enough for some situations.
We developed a simple mod that added 6dB of gain to the VT-1 or VT-12, and that was enough
to make ribbon mics useable in almost all situations.
In 2010 I decided to work on a new preamp design that would have higher gain than the VT-
1/VT-12. The new preamp, which became the VT-12, was designed around the 12AT7, a dual
triode vacuum tube that had more gain than the 6072A used in the VT-1/VT-12. A prototype
was built and tested, and it worked very well with ribbon mics. The new preamp had 70dB at
maximum gain.
After speaking with several ribbon microphone designers, I learned that they all agreed that
the load impedance presented by the mic preamp had to be higher than the standard 1500
ohms if I wanted to get the most out of the ribbon sound. Consequently, the VT-12 has an
input impedance of 10k ohms.
Although the VT-12 can be used with condenser mics, it is really a special-purpose preamp
designed with the requirements of the ribbon mic in mind. With a condenser mic, the high
gain of the VT-12 may make it very touchy to adjust (you will almost certainly need the 20dB
pad), and the non-standard input impedance will make many condenser mics sound a bit
harsh and brittle on the high end.
Summary of Contents for VT-12
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