background image

D.W. FEARN 

VT-12 Microphone Preamplifer

35

6 .

M A I N T E N A N C E  

The VT-12 is built with only the highest quality parts and will prove to be extremely reliable.
Vacuum  tubes  and  electrolytic  capacitors,  however,  have  a  finite  useful  life  and  must  be
replaced eventually.

Top Cover Removal

Removing the top cover allows access to the vacuum tubes, the VU meter calibration, and to
the  rotary  switches.  6-32  Phillips-head  bolts  must  be  removed.  When  replac ing  the  cover,
position it so that the slotted ventillation holes are over the tubes (towards the back on the
VT-12).

Vacuum Tubes

Four 12AT7 tubes are used in the VT-12.  V101 and V201 are the input stage and V102 and
V202 are the output stages. There can be as much as a 15 dB difference in noise level among
an assortment of tubes, and the tubes used in the V101 and V201 positions should be care-
fully chosen to maintain low noise. Selected low-noise tubes are available from D. W. Fearn.
V102 and V202 are far less critical and almost any quality off-the-shelf 12AT7 will perform
satisfactorily.

Tube life is difficult to predict, but it will probably be measured in years. Catastrophic tube
failure is rare with this type of device, but a gradual increase in noise, microphonics, distor-
tion, or a reduction in headroom, should indicate the need for replacement. It is recommend-
ed that you periodi cally perform a quick noise and distortion check on the VT-12 and com-
pare the results to previous measurements.

Tubes also sometimes develop a microphonic response — they will respond to ambient noise
and vibration. This can be an insidious problem since measurements in a quiet room will indi-
cate perfect performance. Gently tapping the tube shields while listening to the output at a
normal monitor level should reveal nothing more than a slight “clank.”  On a peak-reading
meter connected to the VT-12 output, with 50 dB gain, any microphonic response above -55
dBm is exces sive. Replacement is indicated unless the VT-12 always oper ates in a quiet and
vibration-free environment.

Although you could purchase a batch of 12AT7 tubes and select the quietest one(s) for V101
or  V201,  it  may  be  cost  effective  to  buy  a  low-noise  tube  from  the  us.  See  our  web  site,
www.dwfearn.com for current prices. We test the tubes in a VT-12 after a burn-in period and
grade them ac cording to noise, microphonic response, distortion, and other character istics.
A low-noise tube from us will meet the original VT-12 specifications.

Summary of Contents for VT-12

Page 1: ...VT 12 Vacuum Tube 70dB Microphone Preamplifier Operating Instructions D W FEARN...

Page 2: ...hone Preamplifer How to Contact us Telephone 610 793 2526 Fax 610 793 1479 Mail P O Box 57 Pocopson PA 19366 U S A Shipping Address 182 Bragg Hill Road West Chester PA 19382 U S A e mail dwfearn dwfea...

Page 3: ...acturing products that are fully compliant with the EU RoHS Directive The following products are compliant VT 1 VT 12 VT 3 VT 4 VT 7 VT 12 VT 15 LP 1 PDB This declaration is based on our understanding...

Page 4: ...4...

Page 5: ...0 kc s ___________ dB THD Noise 20 cps ______________ 200 cps _____________ 2 kc s _______________ 20 kc s ______________ Noise ______________ dB below 4 dBm out Equivalent Input Noise _______ dB Chan...

Page 6: ...es Mic Preamps 9 1 Specifications 13 2 Description 15 3 Installation 17 21 5 Theory of Operation 29 6 Maintenance 33 LP 1 Line Pad Instructions 37 List of Illustrations 1 Rear Panel Connections 18 2 F...

Page 7: ...n this manual nor for incidental or consequential damages resulting from the use of this material This instruction manual contains information protected by copyright No part of this manual may be phot...

Page 8: ...ed defective as a result of accident misuse or abuse by the use of parts not manufac tured or supplied by D W Fearn or by unauthorized modification of the VT 12 Vacuum tubes are excepted from the 5 ye...

Page 9: ...consisted of half a dozen RCA tube microphone preamplifiers that I salvaged from the junk pile of the radio station where I worked an equal number of old Daven rotary faders and key switches that pann...

Page 10: ...n performance The next prototype was built and its performance was even better largely because of bet ter shielding and a better layout This one became the testing ground for additional experi mentati...

Page 11: ...est performance attainable with this type of circuit but it will meet or exceed the performance of today s top of the line solid state designs while still providing the clarity and musicality that cha...

Page 12: ...2 and that was enough to make ribbon mics useable in almost all situations In 2010 I decided to work on a new preamp design that would have higher gain than the VT 1 VT 12 The new preamp which became...

Page 13: ...y Response 0 2 dB 20 cps to 20 kc 0 5 dB 11 cps to 28 kc 3 dB 0 5 cps 50 kc THD Noise 0 25 20 cps to 20 kc Intermodulation Distortion SMPTE 0 80 Signal to Noise Ratio 74 dB minimum Equivalent Input No...

Page 14: ...rency and warmth that solid state preamps lack Its modern design and construction allows the VT 12 to exceed the per formance of vintage vacuum tube preamps It is designed for use in the professional...

Page 15: ......

Page 16: ...cked It is essential that air can flow into the bottom and out of the top of the VT 12 Equipment that runs cool can last for a very long time A 1RU vented panel the D W Fearn VRP painted in the same r...

Page 17: ...g scheme is needed The VT 12 is less susceptible to grounding problems than many studio devices Connections see Figure 1 The INPUT connectors are XLR 3 females wired with pin 1 ground pin 2 or high an...

Page 18: ...Phase Reverse switch set to Normal Grounding and Shields A full discussion of proper studio wiring schemes is beyond the scope of this manual but in general the Input mating XLR connector must have th...

Page 19: ...D W FEARN VT 12 Microphone Preamplifer 22...

Page 20: ...essful method is to place the VT 12 in the studio with only a short cable to the microphone Line level from the VT 12 output is then fed back to the con trol room Avoid locating the VT 12 where it wil...

Page 21: ...witch up ENABLED the front panel 48V switches are enabled No phantom power is supplied until the individual 48V switch is turned to the ON position With the rear panel switch in the Enable position th...

Page 22: ...r as a substitute for the VT 12 pad should be determined by experimentation For the cleanest sound it is generally preferable to pad at the microphone first then at the VT 12 if necessary The sound of...

Page 23: ...nt with the microphone pad if it has one the VT 12 Input switch position or both Let your ears be the judge Slight to moderate overdriving of the VT 12 often adds edge power or excitement to the sound...

Page 24: ...meter pinning will not damage the meter Bench Test If desired test the VT 12 before installation The source generator should be set to 60 dBm 150 ohms impedance balanced and the output should feed a b...

Page 25: ...ily accom modated by the VT 12 Semi professional equipment frequently uses a reference level of 10 dBv roughly 14 dB lower than pro equipment Although the VT 12 can fed the unbalanced 10 dBv inputs of...

Page 26: ...n general for superior sound we recommend recording directly to the recorder with no processing compression equalization gating etc Any processing can be added in the mix if necessary You may find tha...

Page 27: ...D W FEARN VT 12 Microphone Preamplifer 30...

Page 28: ...rent being drawn by the con denser microphone electronics This makes the phantom power supply universal for most 12 and 48 volt condenser microphones The phantom powering resistors are precision match...

Page 29: ...e channel shown First stage The first stage is a selected 12AT7 configured as a Class A voltage amplifier with a gain of approximately 50 Negative feedback from the plate of the second stage reduces d...

Page 30: ...the output transformer The VU meter amplifier is constructed on a printed circuit board mounted above the main chassis The meter and meter amplifier may be totally disconnected from the circuit by the...

Page 31: ...operational amplifiers in the meter amplifier circuit This regulator is located on the Power Supply PCB B Supply Two separate regulated voltages are required for the plates of the VT 12 The B is filte...

Page 32: ...ophic tube failure is rare with this type of device but a gradual increase in noise microphonics distor tion or a reduction in headroom should indicate the need for replacement It is recommend ed that...

Page 33: ...year service life Electrolytic capacitors are also used as plate and cathode decouplers In choosing a replace ment the same considerations as with the filter capacitors should be followed VU Meter Ca...

Page 34: ...ube equipment repair experience you may return the VT 12 to the factory for repair Call first however for shipping information An RMA form is available on our web site under Support Warranty Repair If...

Page 35: ...D W FEARN VT 12 Microphone Preamplifer 38...

Page 36: ...t for use with the LP 1 An exception would be if the instrument had a professional level low impedance balanced output for recording To use the LP 1 simply connect the 4 dBm balanced signal source suc...

Page 37: ......

Reviews: