ENC-900 Operating Manual
:
Appendix D Glossary
47
D.
G
LOSSARY
Terminology Used in the ENC-900 Operating Manual
Asynchronous communications
A method of
telecommunications in which units of single bytes of
data are sent separately and at an arbitrary time (not
periodically or referenced to a clock). Bytes are
“padded” with start and stop bits to distinguish each
as a unit for the receiving end, which need not be
synchronized with the sending terminal.
Attenuation
The loss of signal power through
equipment, lines/cables, or other transmission
devices. Measured in decibels (dB).
Bandwidth
The information-carrying capacity of a
data transmission medium or device, usually
expressed in bits/second (bps).
Baud
Unit of signaling speed equivalent to the
number of discrete conditions or events per second.
If each signal event represents only one bit condition,
then baud rate equals bits per second (bps) – this is
generally true of the serial data port, so
baud
and
bps
have been used interchangeably in this manual when
referring to the serial port; this is not always the case
during the DCE-to-DCE communications, where a
number of modulation techniques are used to increase
the bps rate over the baud rate.
Bit
The smallest unit of information in a binary
system, represented by either a 1 or 0. Abbreviated
“b”.
Bits per second
(b/s or bps) A measure of data
transmission rate in serial communications. Also see
baud
.
Byte
A group of bits, generally 8 bits in length. A
byte typically represents a character of data.
Abbreviated “B”.
Characters per second
(cps) A measure of data
transmission rate for common exchanges of data. A
character is usually represented by 10 bits: an 8-bit
byte plus two additional bits for marking the start and
stop. Thus, in most cases (but not always),
cps
is
related to
bits per second (bps)
by a 1:10 ratio.
CRC
(Cyclic Redundancy Check) An error-detection
scheme for transmitted data. Performed by using a
polynomial algorithm on data, and appending a
checksum to the end of the packet. At the receiving
end, a similar algorithm is performed and checked
against the transmitted checksum.
Crossover cable
(Also known as rollover, null-
modem, or modem-eliminator cable) A cable which
allows direct DTE-to-DTE connection without
intermediate DCEs typically used to bridge the two
communicating devices. Can also be used to make
cabled DCE-to-DCE connections. The name is
derived from “crossing” or “rolling” several lines,
including the TX and RX lines so that transmitted
data from one DTE is received on the RX pin of the
other DTE and vice-versa.
Data Communications Equipment
(DCE, also
referred to as Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment,
Data Set) A device which facilitates a
communications connection between
Data Terminal
Equipment
(DTEs). Often, two or more compatible
DCE devices are used to “bridge” DTEs which need
to exchange data. A DCE performs signal encoding,
decoding, and conversion of data sent/received by the
DTE, and transmits/receives data with another DCE.
Common example is a modem.
Data Terminal Equipment
(DTE) An end-
device which sends/receives data to/from a DCE,
often providing a user-interface for information
exchange. Common examples are computers,
terminals, and printers.
dBm
Stands for “Decibels referenced to one
milliwatt (1 mW)”. A standard unit of power level
commonly used in RF and communications work.
n
dBm is equal to 10
(n/10)
milliwatt, so 0dBm = 1mW, -
10dBm = 0.1mW, -20dBm = 0.01mW, etc.
DCE
See
Data Communications Equipment
.
DTE
See
Data Terminal Equipment
.
Flow Control
A method of moderating the
transmission of data so that all devices within the
communications link (DTEs and DCEs) transmit and
receive only as much data as they can handle at once.
This prevents devices from sending data which
cannot be received at the other end due to conditions
such as a full buffer or hardware not in a ready state.
This is ideally handled by hardware using flow-
control and handshaking signals, but can be
controlled also by software using X-ON/X-OFF
(transmitter on/off) commands.
Summary of Contents for ENC-900
Page 9: ...ENC 900 Operating Manual Chapter 2 Electrical Physical 5 ...
Page 17: ...ENC 900 Operating Manual Chapter 2 Electrical Physical 13 ...
Page 44: ...40 ENC 900 Operating Manual Chapter 4 Configuration ...
Page 46: ...42 ENC 900 Operating Manual Appendix A Modem Command Summary ...
Page 48: ...44 ENC 900 Operating Manual Appendix B Factory Default Settings ...
Page 50: ...46 ENC 900 Operating Manual Appendix C Technical Specifications ...
Page 54: ...50 ENC 900 Operating Manual Appendix E Approved Antennas ...