Voltage limiter
A voltage limiter that protects the impedance converter against
overvoltage is placed between the attenuator and the impedance con-
verter. The voltage limiter consists of resistor R35 and the diodes D1
and D3 to clamp positive voltage and resistor R36 plus the diodes D2
and D4 to clamp negative voltage. The clamp voltage is approxi-
mately ±2.1 V for low frequency signals. At high frequency the
clamp voltage rises to approximately ±2.3 V.
n
Impedance Converter Stage
The analog signal from the input stage is fed to an amplifier stage
where split-band technique is used to get good frequency response
over a wide range. This means that the high-frequency contents of
the signal are fed to a high-impedance AC-coupled FET transistor
stage Q1. The low-frequency contents are fed to a DC-coupled oper-
ational amplifier stage with negative feedback from the output of the
converter stage buffer. The low-frequency path handles frequencies
up to approximately 5 kHz.
The high-frequency signal is fed to the gate of Q1. The high imped-
ance at the gate is converted to a low impedance at the source. The
source is connected to the base of HF transistor Q2, the summing
point for the two signal paths.
To make the FET work well in its active region within the whole dy-
namic range, the FET drain is supplied with +7 V via resistor R42.
The low-frequency signal is divided by the two resistors R27 and
R28 before it is coupled to the input pin #2 of the operational ampli-
fier U1. The resistors R37 and R38 at the operational amplifier out-
put pin #6 center the output swing, and capacitor C6 stabilizes the
operational amplifier stage.
The low-frequency path goes from the operational amplifier to the
base of transistor Q3, the collector of which is connected to the base
4-6 Hardware Functional Description
R35
D3
D1
D4
D2
R36
+5
-5.2
From
Attenuator
To Impedance
converter stage
Fig. 4-6
Voltage limiter.
Trig
Level
+
-
Q1
Q3
Q13
Q4
U1
U8
C6
L1
K4
R31
R27
R28
R33
R37
R32
R38
R50
R29-
R30
- 5.2 - 5.2
-5.2
-5.2
-5.2
+ 7
+ 5
-5.2
Fr om Protec tion
ci rcuits
R106
C18-
C19
+ 5
Q2
T o
Fli p- Fl op
+
-
R42
R43
R105
C20
C13
R46
R47
K4
C5
Fig. 4-7
Impedance converter.
Summary of Contents for PM6685
Page 1: ...Programmable Frequency Counter PM6685 PM6685R Service Manual ...
Page 4: ...This page is intentionally left blank ...
Page 5: ...Chapter 1 Safety Instructions ...
Page 7: ...Chapter 2 Performance Check ...
Page 12: ...This page is intentionally left blank 2 6 Performance Check Options ...
Page 13: ...Chapter 3 Disassembly ...
Page 16: ...This page is intentionally left blank 3 4 Disassembly PM9691 or PM9692 Oven Oscillator ...
Page 17: ...Chapter 4 Circuit Descriptions ...
Page 33: ...Chapter 5 Repair ...
Page 42: ...This page is intentionally left blank 5 10 Safety Inspection and Test After Repair ...
Page 43: ...Chapter 6 Calibration Adjustments ...
Page 49: ...Chapter 7 Replacement Parts ...
Page 53: ...Replacement Parts Mechanical Parts 7 5 80 Lug bent 15 to lock ...
Page 62: ...This page is intentionally left blank 7 14 Replacement Parts GPIB Interface PM9626B ...
Page 63: ...Chapter 8 Drawings Diagrams ...
Page 65: ...This page is intentionally left blank Drawings Diagrams 8 3 ...
Page 66: ...Main PCB Component layout 8 4 Drawings Diagrams Top View ...
Page 68: ...Main PCB Component layout 8 6 Drawings Diagrams Bottom View K2 K1 K3 K4 ...
Page 70: ...This page is intentionally left blank 8 8 Drawings Diagrams ...
Page 72: ...8 10 Drawings Diagrams This page is intentionally left blank ...
Page 74: ...8 12 Drawings Diagrams This page is intentionally left blank ...
Page 76: ...Display Keyboard PCB Component layout 8 14 Drawings Diagrams ...
Page 78: ...GPIB Unit PM9626B Component layout 8 16 Drawings Diagrams ...
Page 79: ...GPIB Unit PM9626B Drawings Diagrams 8 17 ...
Page 80: ...This page is intentionally left blank 8 18 Drawings Diagrams ...
Page 81: ...Chapter 9 Appendix ...
Page 89: ...Replacement Parts 9 9 This page is intentionally left blank ...
Page 90: ...Power Supply Component layout 9 10 Replacement Parts BOTTOM SIDE TOP SIDE ...