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IP Address
An identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network. Networks using the TCP/IP protocol route messages based
on the IP address of the destination. The format of an IP address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four numbers
separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255. For example, 1.160.10.240 could be an IP address.
Within an isolated network, you can assign IP addresses at random as long as each one is unique. However,
connecting a private network to the Internet requires using registered IP addresses (called Internet addresses) to
avoid duplicates.
The four numbers in an IP address are used in different ways to identify a particular network and a host on that
network. Three regional Internet registries -- ARIN, RIPE NCC and APNIC -- assign Internet addresses from the following
three classes.
Class A - supports 16 million hosts on each of 126 networks
Class B - supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks
Class C - supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks
The number of unassigned Internet addresses is running out, so a new classless scheme called CIDR is gradually
replacing the system based on classes A, B, and C and is tied to adoption of IPv6.
IRQ
Interrupt Request. An acronym for the hardware signal to the CPU that an external event has occurred which needs
to be processed.
KB
Kilobyte. One thousand bytes.
LAN
Local Area Network. An interconnection of computers and peripherals within a single limited geographic location
which can pass programs and data amongst themselves.
