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35

35

Section 7. Protection

Section 7. Protection

current sensors are required; Entellisys uses the

current sensors are required; Entellisys uses the
same current sensors that are provided in each

same current sensors that are provided in each
breaker cubicle for overcurrent protection and

breaker cubicle for overcurrent protection and
metering functions. The current sensors used in

metering functions. The current sensors used in
Entellisys will permit accurate identification of the

Entellisys will permit accurate identification of the
faulted circuit with as little as 1 ampere difference

faulted circuit with as little as 1 ampere difference
between the pulsed current and the ground current

between the pulsed current and the ground current
on an 800A frame feeder breaker. The pulsing sys-

on an 800A frame feeder breaker. The pulsing sys-
tem can also be operated manually from the HMI

tem can also be operated manually from the HMI
to faclitate location of a ground fault in equipment

to faclitate location of a ground fault in equipment
downstream of the 

downstream of the Entellisys switchgear

Entellisys switchgear..

Zone Selective Interlocking (ZSI) - short time and

Zone Selective Interlocking (ZSI) - short time and
ground fault

ground fault

The Entellisys system provides a zone-selective

The Entellisys system provides a zone-selective
interlocking function similar to that offered in many

interlocking function similar to that offered in many
electronic trip systems. 

electronic trip systems. However

However, the 

, the Entellisys-

Entellisys-

based ZSI system offers significant improvements

based ZSI system offers significant improvements
over

over the traditional 

the traditional method. Its 

method. Its capabilities i

capabilities include

nclude

the following:

the following:

•• Zone-s

Zone-select

elective

ive inter

interlocki

locking for up t

ng for up to four zo

o four zones

nes

or levels.

or levels.

•• Contr

Control of trippi

ol of tripping with time band

ng with time bands as fast as

s as fast as

1.5 cycles.

1.5 cycles.

•• Full functionality 

Full functionality with no 

with no extra wiring o

extra wiring or devices.

r devices.

•• Operati

Operation at any programme

on at any programmed delay for faults

d delay for faults

within a zone of protection.

within a zone of protection.

•• Changing ZSI circuit 

Changing ZSI circuit breaker relations

breaker relationships (tiers)

hips (tiers)

depending on which mains and ties are closed.

depending on which mains and ties are closed.

•• Delay increments of 

Delay increments of 100 ms per level 

100 ms per level to achieve

to achieve

selectivity and maintain good backup protection.

selectivity and maintain good backup protection.

The zones for ground-fault protection are the same

The zones for ground-fault protection are the same
as

as those for 

those for multi-source 

multi-source grounding pr

grounding protection.

otection.

Within each zone and for each different topology,

Within each zone and for each different topology,
the circuit breakers are divided into tiers. Each tier

the circuit breakers are divided into tiers. Each tier
represents the time-delay hierarchy required to

represents the time-delay hierarchy required to
achieve

achieve optimum protec

optimum protection and 

tion and selectivity. Eac

selectivity. Each

h

circuit breaker may be assigned to one of four tiers

circuit breaker may be assigned to one of four tiers
within a zone. The top tier is always labeled tier 0.

within a zone. The top tier is always labeled tier 0.
Next is tier 1, then tier 2, with the last and lowest

Next is tier 1, then tier 2, with the last and lowest
defined as tier 3. Hence, in a simple radial two-tier

defined as tier 3. Hence, in a simple radial two-tier
system, the feeders are labeled tier 1 and the main

system, the feeders are labeled tier 1 and the main
is tier 0.

is tier 0.

For substations that are operated with the tie

For substations that are operated with the tie
normally-open, the tie and the mains could be set

normally-open, the tie and the mains could be set
at

at tier 0. This wi

tier 0. This will allow the 

ll allow the tie and the mains 

tie and the mains to

to

operate at minimum (or set) delay for a fault in their

operate at minimum (or set) delay for a fault in their
zone of protection or feeder set delay plus 100ms

zone of protection or feeder set delay plus 100ms
if the fault is below a feeder. If the substation is run

if the fault is below a feeder. If the substation is run
from one transformer with the tie closed it may be

from one transformer with the tie closed it may be

preferable to set the tie at tier 1 and the mains at

preferable to set the tie at tier 1 and the mains at
tier 0 to achieve tie to main selectivity.

tier 0 to achieve tie to main selectivity.

How short-time ZSI works

How short-time ZSI works

In the Entellisys ZSI model, the highest-level main

In the Entellisys ZSI model, the highest-level main
circuit breaker is labeled tier 0. So in a simple double-

circuit breaker is labeled tier 0. So in a simple double-
ended substation, the mains are each tier 0, the tie

ended substation, the mains are each tier 0, the tie
is tier 1, and the feeders are all tier 2. In the following

is tier 1, and the feeders are all tier 2. In the following
explanation, the terms lower- or higher-numbered

explanation, the terms lower- or higher-numbered
tier indicate in which direction the action is intended.

tier indicate in which direction the action is intended.

Whenever the CPU detects that a breaker in one

Whenever the CPU detects that a breaker in one
or more of the defined ZSI zones has gone into ST

or more of the defined ZSI zones has gone into ST
pickup, it performs the following actions:

pickup, it performs the following actions:

1. Based on the tier to which the circuit breaker

1. Based on the tier to which the circuit breaker

belongs, it sets the short-time delays for all

belongs, it sets the short-time delays for all
breakers with the next-lower tier number to the

breakers with the next-lower tier number to the
short-time delay time of the circuit breaker in

short-time delay time of the circuit breaker in
pickup plus 100ms. Thus a breaker with a tier

pickup plus 100ms. Thus a breaker with a tier
number of 2 sets the short-time delays of the

number of 2 sets the short-time delays of the
breakers with tier number 1. Note that a breaker,

breakers with tier number 1. Note that a breaker,
for example a tie, can reside in multiple zones.

for example a tie, can reside in multiple zones.
However unless a circuit breaker is detecting fault

However unless a circuit breaker is detecting fault
current, it will not trip regardless of tier setting.

current, it will not trip regardless of tier setting.

2. Each circuit breaker whose short-time delay

2. Each circuit breaker whose short-time delay

setting was changed in step 1, sets the short-time

setting was changed in step 1, sets the short-time
delays for all 

delays for all the breakers

the breakers with the next

with the next-lower

-lower

tier number to the new delay, plus 100ms. For

tier number to the new delay, plus 100ms. For
example; each tier 1 breaker whose short-time

example; each tier 1 breaker whose short-time
delay was changed will, in turn, change the

delay was changed will, in turn, change the
short-time delay for tier 0 breakers in the same

short-time delay for tier 0 breakers in the same
zone (or zones) by adding 100ms to its own

zone (or zones) by adding 100ms to its own
delay and making that the new tier 0 delay.

delay and making that the new tier 0 delay.

3. Continue this process of changing the short-time

3. Continue this process of changing the short-time

delay of bre

delay of breakers

akers in the zone wit

in the zone with the next

h the next

lower-tier number until tier 0 is reached. (Tier 0

lower-tier number until tier 0 is reached. (Tier 0
breakers are typically mains.)

breakers are typically mains.)

4. All modifi

4. All modified short-time delays 

ed short-time delays of the breakers

of the breakers in

in

the zone are set to their original values, after all

the zone are set to their original values, after all
short-time elements cool off completely.

short-time elements cool off completely.

It should be noted that the ZSI system never lowers

It should be noted that the ZSI system never lowers
the time delay of a circuit breaker, but only increases

the time delay of a circuit breaker, but only increases
the delays of circuit breakers with lower tier numbers

the delays of circuit breakers with lower tier numbers
than the breaker for which the short-time fault

than the breaker for which the short-time fault
current was identified by the CPU within the same

current was identified by the CPU within the same
zone. The time delay of a circuit breaker is never

zone. The time delay of a circuit breaker is never
increased past a maximum time delay of 400ms.

increased past a maximum time delay of 400ms.

How ground-fault ZSI works

How ground-fault ZSI works

The algorithm for ground-fault protection is the

The algorithm for ground-fault protection is the
same as short-time ZSI, except for multi-source

same as short-time ZSI, except for multi-source

Summary of Contents for Entellisys 4.0

Page 1: ...GE GE Entellisys Entellisys Entellisys Entellisys 4 0 4 0 Low Voltage Switchgear Low Voltage Switchgear Application Guide Application Guide ...

Page 2: ...n no os st ti ic cs s 4 47 7 1 10 0 D Di is sc cr re et te e I I O O 5 53 3 1 11 1 C Co on nt tr ro ol l 5 55 5 1 12 2 E En nt te el ll li iG Gu ua ar rd d P Pr re ev ve en nt ta at ti iv ve e M Ma ai in nt te en na an nc ce e 5 59 9 1 13 3 U Us se er r I In nt te er rf fa ac ce e H HM MI I 6 61 1 1 14 4 R Re em mo ot te e C Co om mm mu un ni ic ca at ti io on n 6 67 7 1 15 5 D De es si ig gn n C ...

Page 3: ...n what is best for the entire system under the exact conditions in the system at that moment Each entire system under the exact conditions in the system at that moment Each trip function is no longer limited to the current information available at its trip function is no longer limited to the current information available at its particular circuit With Entellisys each circuit breaker is controlled...

Page 4: ...2 Notes ...

Page 5: ...ed fuses while a separate fuse carriage is required for 2000A through 5000A type breakers Entellisys switchgear houses low voltage power circuit breakers and the Entellisys system compo nents in single or multiple source configurations Entellisys switchgear can be applied either as a power distribution unit or as part of a unit substation Entellisys switchgear is manufactured in GE s ISO 9001 cert...

Page 6: ...4 Notes ...

Page 7: ... I O is designed to accept and provide dry contact operations A more detailed discussion of Discrete I O occurs in Section 10 Expansion Capabilities Entellisys switchgear is designed to be easily modified or expanded to handle change in or increased loading Metering functions system wide waveform capture and most protection can be easily changed with software upgrades to the CPUs requiring no addi...

Page 8: ...10 Notes ...

Page 9: ...uit breakers and barriers between the front breaker cubicles and the rear bus and cable compartments minimizes the probability of transmission of an arcing fault from one equipment area to another Circuit breakers use monitoring to drive need use based maintenance scheduling versus periodic time based maintenance Self diagnostic features provide notification that a device needs to be evaluated or ...

Page 10: ...when the breaker is in the DISCONNECT position A feedback mecha is in the DISCONNECT position A feedback mecha nism is provided on the secondary disconnect to nism is provided on the secondary disconnect to confirm to Entellisys that the secondary disconnect confirm to Entellisys that the secondary disconnect is properly engaged Status of the secondary is properly engaged Status of the secondary d...

Page 11: ...S 08 EGS 08 800 800 3 30 0 3 30 0 3 30 0 E EG GH H 0 08 8 4 42 2 4 42 2 4 42 2 E EG GX X 0 08 8 5 50 0 5 50 0 5 50 0 EGS 16 EGS 16 1600 1600 4 42 2 4 42 2 4 42 2 E EG GH H 1 16 6 6 65 5 6 65 5 6 65 5 E EG GS S 2 20 0 2 20 00 00 0 6 65 5 6 65 5 6 65 5 EGS 32 EGS 32 3200 3200 6 65 5 6 65 5 6 65 5 E EG GH H 3 32 2 8 85 5 8 85 5 8 85 5 E EG GX X 3 32 2 8 85 5 8 85 5 8 85 5 EGS 40 EGS 40 4000 4000 8 85...

Page 12: ...23 23 Figure 5 3 Figure 5 3 Wiring Diagram Wiring Diagram Section 5 EntelliGuard Breaker Section 5 EntelliGuard Breaker ...

Page 13: ...raded to 2500A fuses The maximum trip rating for an EGF 16 breaker is 1200A when furnished with other than 2500A fuses see table for min max fuse rating for each rating plug value 2500A fuses preclude the use of shutters in the breaker cubicle Breaker Type Frame Size Sensor Rating Messenger Current Setting Switch Ferraz Shawmut Fuse Range1 EGF 08 800A 150A 400A 800A Below 150A 300 350 400 450 500 ...

Page 14: ...us of the circuit breaker and the health of the system electronics and they aid in programming the system Locator LED Positioned at the left end of the LED array the blue Locator LED is used for programming the system and breaker control functions When preparing to set any of the breaker protective functions the Locator LED is set to flash for either 10 or 30 seconds and provides visual verificati...

Page 15: ...having a back up integral trip unit on a circuit breaker that is programmed with all overcurrent characteristics set at their maximum values i Button A factory programmed memory device called the i Button provides the unique protection characteristics for each breaker cubicle in the switchgear line up Characteristics include the breaker frame size the installed current sensor rating and the overcu...

Page 16: ...ystem reliability lower fault energy let through and lower arc flash energy can all be achieved simultaneously Minimum let through and minimum arc flash energy can be obtained via quick settings when needed most This section describes the protective capabilities provided by Entellisys Further detail is provided by various referenced GE publications that describe specific functions in more detail S...

Page 17: ...former with the tie closed it may be from one transformer with the tie closed it may be preferable to set the tie at tier 1 and the mains at preferable to set the tie at tier 1 and the mains at tier 0 to achieve tie to main selectivity tier 0 to achieve tie to main selectivity How short time ZSI works How short time ZSI works In the Entellisys ZSI model the highest level main In the Entellisys ZSI...

Page 18: ...et for the short time function of that main circuit breaker Both of these function of that main circuit breaker Both of these time bands may be as short as 25ms In the case time bands may be as short as 25ms In the case of a through fault in one of the 800A feeders the of a through fault in one of the 800A feeders the bus differential algorithm senses faults as high as bus differential algorithm s...

Page 19: ...The same calculation is performed by the CPU for all same calculation is performed by the CPU for all three phases simultaneously and adjustments for three phases simultaneously and adjustments for CT errors are performed for each phase and CT CT errors are performed for each phase and CT The total residual current for the three phase system The total residual current for the three phase system is...

Page 20: ...s phase to phase voltage is used The relay has the following capabilities and characteristics Fixed and inverse time curves Expanded pickup adjustment range from 10 to 95 of nominal in 1 increments which allows the undervoltage relay function to be used for residual voltage detection when assigned to bus potential transformers Delay setting range of 0 5 to 600 seconds in increments of 0 5 seconds ...

Page 21: ...econds adjustable in increments of 0 5 seconds Pickup accuracy is 0 1 Hz Trip time accuracy is 0 1 seconds May be blocked by enabling the blocking voltage fixed at 5 Blocking voltage accuracy varies with frequency variation from 2 at 0 Hz to 15 at 10 Hz May be disabled by Flex Logic controls The underfrequency relay may be enabled for each circuit breaker and works with the voltage signal assigned...

Page 22: ...ed PT primary voltage and configuration delta or wye If both parameters are not the same for both sources the CPU logs an event and disables that synch check function The synch check function applies a 3 hysteresis factor to the voltage frequency phase live bus and dead bus thresholds Each synch check function provides the following status information Synchronous Live true if all three phases at b...

Page 23: ... in the basic and optional levels can be viewed by clicking on the circuit breaker of interest in the one line diagram which displays a screen similar to that shown in Figure 8 2 This screen provides access to all information associated with the selected circuit breaker via the navigation buttons Expanded Metering Expanded Metering is the first level of optional metering features in Entellisys You...

Page 24: ...he maximum size of the daily log is reached In Overwrite mode the oldest events are overwritten on a FIFO basis if the maximum size of the daily log is reached Thus the newest log information is always available in the log Event Log Size This specifies the maximum size of the daily log Maximum Fault Reports This specifies the max imum number of Fault Reports the HMI retrieves and stores in a given...

Page 25: ...While the time resolution is displayed to the nearest microsecond the system clock resolution is equal to or better than five µs Data associated with the cursors on the analog waveform chart are displayed below the date and time To the right of the date and time are the slide bar controls for the moveable cursors and the time data for the cursor relative to the start of the WFC event The slide bar...

Page 26: ...them with the left mouse button It is also possible to group oscillography waveform signals together to view with a common scale Phase waveform magnitudes that are grouped within the same group heading are displayed in relation to each of the other signals in their group The waveform with the largest amplitude is taken as the reference scale and other waveforms will be displayed in their proper ra...

Page 27: ...ecifying Email Notification for the occurrence of control power events is also available Control power events can be associated with the uninterruptible power supplies that power the Entellisys control power network and may be used to warn of potential control power loss system issues An optional notification service notifies GE Service allowing them to respond with assistance Maintenance and serv...

Page 28: ...sed to open transitions that occur with no load less than 1 of rated current for each EntelliGuard circuit breaker Total Load Operations Entellisys counts the number of closed to open transitions that occur with load 1 or more of rated current for each EntelliGuard circuit breaker Total Fault Operations Entellisys counts the number of closed to open transitions that occur due to a fault on each En...

Page 29: ...s When the count equals the threshold value a notification email is sent according to the configuration on the Alarms Setup screen Hours of Operation Entellisys records the date and time that a circuit breaker was initially energized and displays the number of hours that have elapsed since then These hours are a purely calculated value and are as accurate as the current system time The equation us...

Page 30: ... corner protected by a hinged door provides a fast and easy way to download files via a thumb drive as an alternative to downloading information over a LAN connection Each user is assigned a password by the system administrator the person at the user s facility with Entellisys system responsibility Each password is linked to various permissions so that access to screens and authority is matched to...

Page 31: ...pen tripped or closed If you want to confirm that you are referencing the correct circuit you can turn on the locator LED for 10 or 30 seconds This causes the blue Locator LED on the corre sponding circuit s Messenger to blink providing visual identification of the circuit breaker you are referencing You can operate the breaker by touching the appropriate button Note that in Figure 13 5 Breaker 2 ...

Page 32: ...HELP for access to navigational information The clipboard with question mark sends you to a screen that displays the HMI soft ware version The X button closes the application if your login ID gives you that authority The second row of buttons provides additional shortcuts to commonly accessed screens or a quick status indication The One Line button always takes you back to the dynamic one line dia...

Page 33: ...vents for a particular day with scrolling provided by the arrow buttons on the right side of the screen You can scroll to different days using the arrow buttons at the bottom of the screen You can sort events by touching the column title date and time source etc making it easy to group or find particular events The far right column titled Fault indicates whether fault data and or waveform data are...

Page 34: ... 14 35 21 3200 4000A 800 1600A 800 2000A 800 2000A 800 2000A 800 1600A 800 2000A 800 2000A 800 2000A UPS S CONTROL POWER TRANSFER MT30 7 30 MT30 19 30 35 MT30 6 F22 1 30 F22 1 B W MAIN TIE 3200 4000A HMI TIE MAIN TIE 3200 4000A 42 CPU S NETWORK SWITCHES DIGITAL I O BUSWAY ABOVE FRONTPOSITION BUSWAY ABOVE FRONTPOSITION B W 92 Upper Bus Lower Bus Mid Center Bus ...

Page 35: ... TIE 21 21 21 800 2000A 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 30 WIDE WITH 4 WIRE BUSWAY BUSWAY CONN MAIN AND TIE 21 22 22 MT22 5 CABLE CONN MAIN OR TIE 22 MT22 6 800 2000A 800 2000A 21 800 2000A MAIN TIE 42 800 1600A MAIN TIE BUSWAYS ABOVE FRONTPOS N BELOW REAR POS N BUSWAYS BELOW FRONT POS N ABOVE REA R POS N 800 2000A 800 2000A B W B W MT22 7 BUSWAY CONN MAIN OR TIE B W BUSWAYS ABOVE FRONTPOS N BELOW REARPOS...

Page 36: ... TIE MT22 11 800 2000A TIE TIE 800 2000A 22 BUS CONN TIE W SPLIT RISER MT22 13 800 2000A 800 2000A 22 22 CABLE CONN TIE MT22 15 800 2000A 42 800 2000A BUS CONN FEEDER F22 1 800 2000A 800 1600A 800 2000A 800 1600A 800 2000A TIE TIE 800 1600A 21 800 1600A 800 2000A 800 2000A TIE 21 BYPASS FEEDER W CABLE TAP 800 1600A F22 2 800 2000A 800 2000A 800 2000A 22 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 22 800 1600A 800 200...

Page 37: ... CABLE TAP 42 22 800 2000A 21 F22 8 21 21 800 2000A 42 800 1600A 21 21 21 21 BUS CONN FDR W CABLE TAP 22 800 2000A 22 800 2000A F22 10 800 2000A 800 2000A 800 2000A 800 1600A BUSWAY CONN FEEDER BUSWAYS BELOW FRONT POS N ABOVE REARPOS N F22 12 800 2000A 800 2000A BUSWAYS ABOVE FRONTPOS N BELOW REAR POS N 30 WIDE FOR 4 WIRE BUSWAYS BUS CONN FDR W CABLE TAP 22 22 42 F22 11 21 21 800 1600A B W B W 800...

Page 38: ...108 Notes ...

Page 39: ...109 Entellisys Low Voltage Switchgear Appendix D Time Current Curves ...

Page 40: ...110 Appendix D Time Current Curves ...

Page 41: ...111 Appendix D Time Current Curves ...

Page 42: ...112 Notes ...

Page 43: ...Neither the General Electric Company nor any person acting on its behalf assumes any liability with respect to the use of or for damages or injury resulting from the use of any information contained in this application guide GE Consumer Industrial Electrical Distribution Switchgear Equipment 510 East Agency Road West Burlington Iowa 52655 2007 General Electric Company www geelectrical com DET 547 ...

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