12
Glossary (Meanings and Methods)
Knead:
To work dough with hands by pushing into the dough, folding
it over and pushing again until dough is resilient, smooth and satiny.
Maple Syrup:
A sweet syrup made from the sap of the sugar maple
tree.
Patty:
A small oval or round flattened cake of chopped or minced
food.
Phulka
:
Puffed unleavened Indian bread made with whole wheat flour.
Rawa
:
Semolina (the middling part of wheat). Also known as
sooji.
Refined flour (
Maida
):
A white flour made from wheat which has
had the bran and germ removed before grinding.
Roti
:
A general term for Indian unleavened breads.
Sift:
To pass dry ingredients through a sieve.
Urad dal
:
Split skinned black gram
Wheat flour (
Gehun ka atta
):
Flour made from whole wheat (usually
a variety low in gluten), very finely ground for making Indian bread.
Outside India,
this flour is called ’
chapatti flour
‘ and is available in
East Indian food stores. A fairly close substitute is whole wheat pastry
flour. Regular whole wheat flour gives heavier
roti
and is stiffer and
more difficult to work with than ’
chapatti
flour‘. If regular whole wheat
flour must be used, sift it several times through a very fine sieve (to get
a fine flour and to remove bran) and substitute refined flour for half the
whole wheat flour in a recipe. Once adept at handling the dough, you
may decrease the quantity of refined flour to suit your taste.
Batter:
A mixture made from flour and a liquid such as water, milk or
egg which is thin enough to pour or drop from a spoon.
Beat:
To mix with an instrument such as a spoon, whisk or electric
beater using a regular, rapid, rhythmic movement.
‘Boiled’ Potatoes in a Hawkins Pressure Cooker:
Size of Potatoes
Water
Pressure Cooking
(Whole, Unpeeled) Quantity
Time
(Small – 75 g)
1 cup
6 minutes
(Medium – 100 g)
1 cup
10 minutes
(Large – 150 g)
1
1
/
2
cups
15 minutes
Method: Pour water in cooker. Place potatoes in cooker, preferably on
a grid. Close cooker. Bring to full pressure (first whistle) on high heat.
Reduce heat to medium and cook the required time. Remove cooker
from heat. Release pressure by slight lifting of vent weight. Open
cooker.
Dough:
A mixture of flour and a liquid such as milk or water which is
stiff enough to knead or roll.
Floured board:
A flat smooth piece of rigid material (such as wood or
marble) used for rolling or shaping the dough, also known as
chackla
,
dusted lightly with flour to prevent dough sticking.
Ghee:
Clarified butter
Grate
(Kasna)
:
To reduce food to fine particles by rubbing it against
the surface of a grater (an abrasive implement with sharp edged slits/
perforations).
Summary of Contents for Futura Hard Anodised Flat Tuva Griddle
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