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36

Table 32.

English Conversion Factors & Data

Table 33.

English to Metric Conversion Factors

  To Convert Measurements

  From 

To 

Multiply By

  Cubic Feet 

Cubic Inches 

1728

  Cubic Inches 

Cubic Feet 

0.00058

  Cubic Feet 

Gallons 

7.48

  Gallons 

Cubic Feet 

0.1337

  Cubic Inches 

Gallons 

0.00433

  Gallons 

Cubic Inches 

231

  Barrels 

Gallons 

42

  Gallons 

Barrels 

0.0238

  Imperial Gallons 

U.S. Gallons 

1.2009

  U.S. Gallons 

Imperial Gallons 

0.8326

  Feet 

Inches 

12

  Inches 

Feet 

0.0833

  Square Feet 

Square Inches 

144

  Square Inches 

Square Feet 

0.00695

  Short Tons 

Pounds 

2000

  Liters 

U.S. Gallons 

0.2642

  To Convert Pressure (at 32ºF.)

  From 

To 

Multiply By

  Inches of Water 

Pounds per Sq. Inch 

0.03612

  Pounds per Sq. Inch 

Inches of Water 

27.866

  Feet of Water 

Pounds of Sq. Inch 

0.4334

  Pounds per Sq. Inch 

Feet of Water 

2.307

  Inches of Mercury 

Pounds per Sq. Inch 

0.4912

  Pounds per Sq. Inch 

Inches of Mercury 

2.036

  Atmospheres 

Pounds per Sq. Inch 

14.696

  Pounds per Sq. Inch 

Atmosphere 

0.06804

  To Convert Power

  From 

To 

Multiply By

  Horsepower 

Metric Horsepower 

1.014

  Horsepower 

Ft./Pounds per Min. 

33000

  Horsepower 

Kilowatts 

0.746

  Kilowatts 

Horsepower 

1.3404

  British Thermal Units 

Foot/Pounds 

778.177

  Foot/Pounds 

British Thermal Units

 

0.001285

  British Thermal Units 

Horsepower Hours 

0.0003927

  Horsepower Hours 

British Thermal Units

 

  2544.1

  British Thermal Units 

Kilowatt Hours 

0.0002928

  Kilowatt 

British Thermal Units

 

3415

  Watt Hour 

British Thermal Units

 

3.415

  Volume – Weight Conversions 

Wt. lbs.

  1 Cubic Foot of Water 

62.4*

  1 Cubic Inch of Water 

0.0361*

  1 Gallon of Water 

8.33*

  1 Cubic Foot of Air 

0.075†

  1 Cubic inch of Steel 

0.284

  1 Cubic Foot of Brick (Building) 

112-120

  1 Cubic Foot of Concrete 

120-140

  1 Cubic Foot of Earth 

70-120

  * at 32ºF.

  † at 70ºF. and 29.92” Hg.

  To Convert Measurements

  From 

To 

Multiply By

  Cubic Feet 

Cubic Centimeters 

28317

  Cubic Inches 

Cubic Centimeters 

16.387

  Cubic Feet 

Liters 

28.32

  Gallons 

Liters 

3.7854

  Cubic Inches 

Liters 

0.0164

  Gallons 

Cubic Centimeters 

3785.4

  Barrels 

Cubic Meters 

1.0551

  Imperial Gallons 

Cubic Meters 

0.0045461

  U.S. Gallons 

Cubic Meters 

0.0037854

  Feet 

Meters 

0.3048

  Inches 

Meters 

0.0254

  Square Feet 

Square Meters 

0.0929

  Square Inches 

Square Centimeters 

6.452

  Ton (Short, 2000lb.) 

Kilograms 

907.2

  Liter 

Cubic Meter 

0.0001

  Pounds 

Kilograms 

0.45359

  To Convert Pressure (at 32ºF.)

  From 

To 

Multiply By

  Inches of Water 

Newton/Sq. Meter 

249.082

  Pounds per Sq. Inch 

Newton/Sq. Meter 

6894.8

  Feet of Water 

Newton/Sq. Meter 

2988.98

  Pounds per Sq. Inch 

Kilograms/Sq. Cent. 

0.07031

  Inches of Mercury 

Newton/Sq. Meter 

3386.4

  Pounds per Sq. Inch 

Dyne/Sq. Cent. 

68948

  Atmospheres 

Newton/Sq. Meter 

101325

  Pascal 

Newton/Sq. Meter 

1

  To Convert Power

  From 

To 

Multiply By

  Horsepower 

Watt 

745.7

  British Thermal Units 

Joule 

1054.35

  Foot – Pounds 

Joule 

1.3558

  British Thermal Units 

Calorie 

252.0

  British Thermal Units 

Watt Second 

1054.35

  Watt – Second 

Joule 

1

  Calorie 

Joule 

4.184

  Watt Hours 

Joule 

3600

  Kilocalorie/Minute 

Watt 

69.73

  Ton (Refrigerated) 

Watt 

3516.8

  BTU/Hour 

Watt 

0.29288

  BTU/In/Hr. Ft.

2

 ºF. 

Watt/Meter ºK. 

0.14413

  BTU/Hr. at 10ºF. T.D. 

Kcal/Hr. at 6ºC. T.D. 

0.252

  BTU/Hr. at 15ºF. T.D. 

Kcal/Hr. at 8ºC. T.D. 

0.252

  Volume – Weight Conversions 

Wt. Kilograms

  1 Cubic Foot of Water 

28.3*

  1 Cubic Inch of Water 

0.0164*

  1 Gallon of Water 

3.788*

  1 Cubic Foot of Air 

0.034†

  1 Cubic inch of Steel 

0.1288

  1 Cubic Foot of Brick (Building) 

51-54

  1 Cubic Foot of Concrete 

54-64

  1 Cubic Foot of Earth 

32-54

  * at 32ºF.

  † at 70ºF. and 29.92” Hg.

Summary of Contents for H-ENGM0408

Page 1: ...ENGM0408 April 2008 Replaces H ENGM0806 August 2006 Engineering Manual Head Pressure Control Valve Oil Separator Compressor Suction Accumulator Suction Filter Evaporator Condenser Liquid Line Solenoi...

Page 2: ...e it the number one choice of convenience store owners everywhere Right source Right parts Right now We are your link to a complete line of dependable and certified commercial refrigeration parts acce...

Page 3: ...s of various liquids and solids 18 16 Banana room refrigeration requirement 19 17 Meat cutting or preparation room 19 18 Rapid load selection for back bars 19 19 Refrigeration requirements for hardeni...

Page 4: ...arated into the following main sources of heat for a given 24 hour period 1 Transmission load 2 Air change load 3 Miscellaneous load 4 Product load Accuracy Accuracy in calculation is the first step i...

Page 5: ...y operated lift trucks are used in refrigerated rooms which represent a heat gain of 8 000 to 15 000 BTU hr or more over the period of operation If motor or loading conditions are not known then calcu...

Page 6: ...simplify the calculation and tabulation of refrigeration loads there are two forms available Bulletin Above32 05 is used for all rooms above 32 F 0 C Bulletin Below32 05 is used for all rooms below 32...

Page 7: ...x BTU lbs 24 hrs Table 8 For consideration of previously loaded product a multiplier of 5 is normally applied to the daily product load Line 4 Divide by No of Operating Hrs 16 to obtain BTUH Cooling R...

Page 8: ...lbs 24 hrs Table 8 b lbs stored x BTU lbs 24 hrs Table 8 For consideration of previously loaded product a multiplier of 5 is normally applied to the daily product load Line 4 Divide by No of Operating...

Page 9: ...e 7 x F Temp Drop For product pulldown time other than 24 hrs figure 24 hr load x 24 Pulldown Time 5 Product Load Respiration a lbs stored x BTU lbs 24 hrs Table 8 b lbs stored x BTU lbs 24 hrs Table...

Page 10: ...al Temp Drop b gallons of ice cream day x BTU gal Table 19 For product pulldown time other than 24 hrs figure 24 hr load x 24 Pulldown Time Divide by No of Operating Hrs 18 to obtain BTUH Cooling Requ...

Page 11: ...ice cream day x BTU gal Table 19 For product pulldown time other than 24 hrs figure 24 hr load x 24 Pulldown Time Divide by No of Operating Hrs 18 to obtain BTUH Cooling Requirement Equipment Selecti...

Page 12: ...Table 7 Product Load Figured 24 hr Pulldown a lbs day x Spec Heat above freezing x F Intial Temp Drop lbs day x Latent Heat Fusion lbs day x Spec Heat below freezing x F Intial Temp Drop b gallons of...

Page 13: ...0 6 Concrete Floor 4 8 5 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 425 450 475 500 525 550 575 600 Insulation Inches Heat Load BTU Per 24 Hours Per One Square Foot of Outside Surface Cork Glass Urethane or...

Page 14: ...1 7 0 36 0 41 1 86 2 09 2 17 2 43 2 49 2 79 2 85 3 24 30 1 1 0 24 0 29 0 58 0 66 2 00 2 24 2 26 2 53 2 64 2 94 2 95 3 35 25 3 9 0 41 0 45 0 75 0 83 2 09 2 42 2 44 2 71 2 79 3 16 3 14 3 54 20 6 7 0 56...

Page 15: ...months 8 0 0 50 0 31 53 40 Processed Cheese 40 65 70 12 months 19 0 0 50 0 31 56 40 Butter 40 75 85 1 months 4 to 31 0 50 0 25 23 Cream 35 40 2 3 weeks 31 0 0 66 0 80 0 36 0 42 79 107 Ice Cream 20 to...

Page 16: ...32 90 2 4 weeks 30 3 0 90 0 46 124 33 Pears 29 31 90 95 2 7 months 29 2 0 86 0 45 118 47 Peas Green 32 95 1 3 weeks 30 9 0 79 0 42 106 23 Peppers Sweet 45 50 90 95 2 3 weeks 30 7 0 94 0 47 132 41 Pep...

Page 17: ...0 5 85 11 55 11 00 25 75 Beans Green or Snap 4 60 5 70 16 05 22 05 Beans Lima 1 15 1 60 2 15 3 05 11 00 13 70 Beets Topped 1 35 2 05 3 60 Broccoli 3 75 5 50 8 80 16 90 25 00 Brussels Sprouts 1 65 4 15...

Page 18: ...s 150 0 76 104 35 Sheep 45 0 76 101 33 Hogs 180 0 54 106 35 Table 12 Heat equivalent of Occupancy BTU per HP HR Motor Connected Connected Losses Load Motor Load In Outside Outside HP Refr Space1 Refr...

Page 19: ...87 600 75 85 700 72 81 800 69 78 900 67 75 1000 65 73 1200 62 69 Room Loads based on continuous operation and includes allowance for average number of personnel processing equipment etc with glass pa...

Page 20: ...nd temperature design conditions Design Design Ground Dry Bulb Wet Bulb Temp State City F C F C F C Nebraska Omaha 95 35 78 26 60 16 Nevada Reno 95 35 65 18 65 18 New Hamp Concord 90 32 73 23 55 13 Ne...

Page 21: ...hr to be sure that the unit cooler is large enough to balance properly with the condensing unit Low relative humidity requirements permit higher T D which in turn will allow selection of unit coolers...

Page 22: ...of air for particular applications Derating Factors A Ambient B Altitude C Saturated Suction Temperature S S T D 50 Cycle Power In the selection of refrigeration equipment it should be noted that the...

Page 23: ...l 1 5 safety factor sometimes applied to handle initial high rate of product heat evolution Ice Cream Hardening 10 F Heavy Duty 10 hour pull down with product 30 frozen and a certain percentage over r...

Page 24: ...ere low and normal temperature is being maintained Allow sufficient space between rear of unit cooler and wall to permit free return of air Refer to unit manufacturers catalog for proper space Always...

Page 25: ...0 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 72 000 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 1 3 8 1 5 8...

Page 26: ...8 2 1 8 2 1 8 2 5 8 5 8 5 8 7 8 7 8 7 8 7 8 72 000 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 2 5 8 2 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 2 5 8 2 5 8 5 8 5 8 7 8 7 8 7 8 7 8 78 000 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 2 5 8 2 5 8 1 5 8 2 1...

Page 27: ...1 3 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 78 000 1 1 8 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8...

Page 28: ...1 2 1 2 5 8 5 8 5 8 5 8 66 000 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 1 2 1 2 5 8 5 8 5 8 5 8 72 000 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8...

Page 29: ...1 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 78 000 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2...

Page 30: ...5 8 2 1 8 1 2 1 2 5 8 5 8 5 8 5 8 66 000 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 2 1 8 1 2 5 8 5 8 5 8 5 8 5 8 72 000 1 5 8 2 1 8 2 1 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 1...

Page 31: ...g Tee Straight Through 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 7 8 10 12 14 16 Table 25 Pressure Loss of Liquid Refrigerants in Liquid Line Risers Expressed in Pressure Drop PSIG and Subcooling Loss F Liquid Line Rise in Feet...

Page 32: ...3 8 7 8 1 1 8 7 8 1 1 8 1 1 8 100 1 5 8 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 180 000 50 1 5 8 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 1 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 100 1 5 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1 5 8 240 000 50 1 5 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 3 8 1 5 8 1...

Page 33: ...1 3 27 26 39 63 86 1 24 134a 64 2 2 57 14 26 40 61 1 91 1 3 8 22 63 5 3 50 27 42 64 93 1 33 R507 404A 55 0 4 98 40 58 95 1 32 1 87 134a 90 9 3 65 20 37 57 87 1 30 1 5 8 22 90 0 4 96 37 59 90 1 33 1 8...

Page 34: ...6 7 44 111 2 40 0 104 219 2 73 3 164 327 4 26 1 15 5 0 7 2 45 113 0 40 6 105 221 0 73 9 165 329 0 25 6 14 6 8 7 8 46 114 8 41 1 106 222 8 74 4 166 330 8 25 0 13 8 6 8 3 47 116 6 41 7 107 224 6 75 0 16...

Page 35: ...2 F Density of Water 62 4 lbs Cu Ft Specific Heat of Water 1 BTU lb F Latent Heat of 970 BTU lb at 212 F Atm Vaporization 1054 3 BTU lb at 70 F Specific Heat of Ice 0 5 BTU lb F Latent Heat of Fusion...

Page 36: ...ubic Foot of Brick Building 112 120 1 Cubic Foot of Concrete 120 140 1 Cubic Foot of Earth 70 120 at 32 F at 70 F and 29 92 Hg To Convert Measurements From To Multiply By Cubic Feet Cubic Centimeters...

Page 37: ...ng A decrease in dry bulb and sensible heat content represented by a horizontal line directed to the loft along the constant specific humidity line Specific humidity and dew point remain constant 3 Ev...

Page 38: ...ure of 29 921 in HG Atmospheric Pressure at other altitude Altitude Pressure Ft in HG 1000 31 02 500 30 47 0 29 92 500 29 38 1000 28 86 2000 27 82 3000 26 83 4000 25 84 5000 24 90 6000 23 98 7000 23 0...

Page 39: ...39 Appendix Charts Medium Temperature Psychrometric Chart 32 to 130 F Standard Atmospheric Pressure of 29 921 in HG Courtesy of ASHRAE Reproduced by permission...

Page 40: ...antaneous evaporation of refrigerant in a pressure reducing device to cool the refrigerant to the evaporations temperature obtained at the reduces pressure 22 Flooded System system in which only part...

Page 41: ...x8 216 12775 16359 12072 15459 11807 16080 12767 17464 13726 18847 12x20x8 240 13681 17440 12928 16481 12573 17052 13599 18524 14626 19995 12x22x8 264 14549 18474 13749 17458 13299 17974 14392 19541 1...

Page 42: ...o loads to allow for service For product pull down greater than 10 degrees divide pull down temperature by 10 Multiply this number by the BTUH shown on Table A then add to Box Load Floor Approx 65 R H...

Page 43: ...at left of graph Follow it across to the straight line curve Then drop down to total load line at bottom of graph Total load for this example is 224 000 BTUH Select equipment accordingly Material orig...

Page 44: ...serve the right to make changes in specifications without notice CLIMATE CONTROL Commercial Refrigeration Parts The name behind the brands you trust Heatcraft Refrigeration Products LLC 2175 West Park...

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