HP HP-18C, Owner'S Manual

Page 1: ...HEW LET T PAC KA R0 HP 18C Business Consultant Owner s Manual ...

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Page 3: ...HP 18C Business Consultant Owner s Manual FliU HEWLETT PACKARD Edition 1 April 1986 Reorder Number 00018 90001 y r I ...

Page 4: ...e furnishing performance or use of this material Hewlett Packard assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability of its soft ware on equipment that is not furnished by Hewlett Packard 1986 by Hewlett Packard Co This document contains proprietary information which is protected by copy right All rights are reserved No part of this document may be photocopied reproduced or translated to another ...

Page 5: ...he IINPUT I Key Doing Arithmetic Negative numbers Using a Result in Another Calculation Editing and Clearing the Calculator Line The History Stack Clearing the Display Using the Alphabetic Keys Using the Menu Keys The MAIN Menu Changing Menus and Reading Menu Maps Doing Calculations Using Menus Making a Graceful IEXIT I Clearing the Display and Menu Variables When the HP 18C Doesn t Understand Wha...

Page 6: ...ons Recalling Numbers to the Calculator Line Using the History Stack The 1LAST I Key Using Registers Doing Arithmetic Inside Registers The MATH Menu Functions Changing the Number of Displayed Decimal Places Interchanging the Period and Comma in Numbers Scientific Notation General Business Calculations Introduction Percent Change Percent of Total Markup on Cost Markup on Price Clearing the BUS Vari...

Page 7: ... Interest Rate Conversions Clearing the ICONV variables Cash Flow Calculations Introduction The CFLO Menu Using Number Lists Cash Flow Diagrams and Signs of Numbers Entering Cash Flows Viewing and Editing the List Cash Flow Calculations Running Total and Statistics Calculations Introduction The SUM Menu Using Number Lists Entering Numbers and Viewing the Running Total Viewing and Editing the List ...

Page 8: ...umber Lists Viewing the List Name Switching Number Lists GET Clearing a Number List Time Alarms and Date Arithmetic Introduction Viewing the Time and Date Setting the Time and Date Changing the Time and Date Formats Adjusting the Clock Setting Alarms Viewing and Setting an Alarm Editing Alarm Settings Acknowledging an Alarm Unacknowledged Alarms Clearing Alarms Date Arithmetic Determining the Day ...

Page 9: ...iables Deleting the Current Formula and or Its User Variables Deleting All Formulas and or Their User Variables Summary of Clear and Delete Operations How the Solver Works Halting and Restarting a Numerical Search Entering Guesses Writing Formulas that the Solver Understands Solver Functions Conditional Expressions Printing Introduction Printing Modes The Print Annunciator Trace Mode Manual Print ...

Page 10: ...tor Requires Service Confirming Calculator Operation the Self Test If the Calculator Requires Service Obtaining Service in the United States Obtaining Service in Europe International Service Information Shipping Instructions Service Agreements Service Charge Warranty on Service Appendix B More About HP 18C Calculations IRR Calculations Possible Outcomes of Calculating IRR Halting and Restarting th...

Page 11: ...ator Memory 191 Calculator Maintenance 191 Clock Accuracy 192 Environmental Limits 192 Safety and Regulatory Information 192 U s A Radio Frequency Interference 193 South African Radio Frequency Interference 193 Germany Radio Frequency Interference 193 France Radio Frequency Interference 193 Air Safety Notice U S A 195 Appendix D Error Messages 201 Appendix E Menu Maps 207 Index Contents 9 ...

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Page 13: ...tarting to Use the HP 18C Using menus Arithmetic Calculating simple interest General Business Calculations Calculating the percent change Calculating the percent of total Markup on cost calculations Calculating markup as a percent of price Using shared variables Time Value of Money A car loan A home mortgage A mortgage with a balloon payment Amortization schedule for a home mortgage A savings acco...

Page 14: ...stment with quarterly returns Running Total and Statistics Calculations Updating a checkbook Statistics calculations Curve fitting Time Alarms and Date Arithmetic Setting the date and time Setting and clearing an alarm Calculating the number of days between two dates Determining a future date The Formula Solver Entering a formula and using a custom menu Using guesses in a numerical solution Calcul...

Page 15: ...using the manual that way we have some suggestions to help you learn to use the HP 18C as quickly as possible Take the time to read chapter 1 Chapter 1 gives you an overview of how the HP 18C works and introduces terms and concepts that are used throughout the manual After you ve read chapter 1 you will be ready to start using all of the calculator s features reading other portions of the manual w...

Page 16: ... the time to fill out and mail the self addressed card labeled Comments on the HP 18C Owner s Manual We will benefit from knowing where in your opinion we could use some improvement If you think we ve done a good job we d like to know that too 14 How to Use This Manual ...

Page 17: ...ontinuous Memory turning it off does not affect the information you ve stored there To conserve energy the HP 18C turns itself off ten minutes after you stop using it If you see the low battery symbol c J at the top of the display you should replace the batteries as soon as possible Follow the in structions starting on page 185 Setting the Display Contrast The display brightness and sharpness depe...

Page 18: ...he top called annunciators won t be on Figure 1 1 The Display Shift is active page 20 The alpha betic keys are active page 23 J a An alarm is The batteries The HP 18C past due are low is sending in page 122 page 185 formation to g i c J Q Annunciators I I Line 1 line 2 125 121121 Line 3 the calculator ClEIIlD lllli IDImlIlmIJDmmI line Menu labels for the MAIN menu To display the MAIN menu press th...

Page 19: ...f the calculator line At other times lines 1 and 2 display a variety of information such as results of calculations lists of num bers the time and date and instruction messages When you turn the HP 18C on for the first time numbers are dis played with two decimal places and with a period as the decimal point You can change the number of decimal places and you can also interchange the use of commas...

Page 20: ...Loans Savings Amort Interest Rate Conversions Cash Flows IRR NPV Press The Menu Keys DtrecUy Below These Words On The DIsplay Change Of Total Markup Runnmg Total Statistics Days Between Oates Set AppOintments Enter Your Own Formula A BIIII BBB I I II DII N 0 BIIB BBII j I I II II l BB IIII Insert character Delete character 18 1 Starting to Use the HP 18C ...

Page 21: ...pointer roll the history stack _ _ sn TT key _ t and recall numbers ange the number of displayed decimal places change the decimal point or keys isplay MAIN menu _l H _ Display previous menu 41 1 l lear calculator line Backspace Arithmetic operators 1 Starting to Use the HP 18C 19 ...

Page 22: ...these operations To do a shifted operation press and release to turn on the shift annunciator 1 Then press the key For example pressing followed by also written CLEAR I clears the calculator line If you press by mistake press again to turn off the shift annunciator The IINPUT I Key The INPUT I key is used in certain calculations to enter information from the calculator line into calculator memory ...

Page 23: ...ts Here are some additional arithmetic problems Keys Display Description 877 35 J Subtraction 930 890 53 54 650120 780 00 Multiplication Negative Numbers There are two ways to key in negative numbers Key in the number and then press If the number follows an operator you can press J before keying in the number Keys Display Description 75 75 Changes the sign of 75 830 25 00 Calculates 75 3 4 520 J 7...

Page 24: ...ulations without using 0 at the conclusion of each step Chapter 2 shows you how to do this Editing and Clearing the Calculator Line The cursor is visible when you are in the process of keying in a num ber or doing a calculation When the cursor is visible pressing deletes the last character you keyed in When the cursor is not visible pressing erases the rightmost number To clear the calculator line...

Page 25: ... other information Using the history stack is covered on page 37 Clearing the Display Pressing 1CLEAR ALL 1 clears the history stack Sometimes 1CLEAR ALL 1 has other functions Refer to page 31 for additional in formation about 1CLEAR ALL I Using the Alphabetic Keys There are a number of situations where the HP 18C requires you to type alphabetic information into line 3 When line 3 is being used to...

Page 26: ... character at the cursor position The keyboard illustration on page 18 shows shifted alphabetic char acters that aren t printed on the keyboard You can use these characters as you would any other alphabetic character If you press an alphabetic key when the U annunciator is not on the HP 18C displays PRESS EXIT OR TYPE A MESSAGE PRESS PRNTJ If you have the printer designed for use with the HP 18C y...

Page 27: ...4 Menu Keys and Menu Labels 2 67 62 86 0 00 4 i irlil 1iS1 1W IIlirlii II gggggg PRINTER MAIN gEIIEE Depending on what calculations you are doing the HP 18C displays a particular set of labels called a menu The menu presents the choices of what you can do next The MAIN Menu No matter which menu you are currently using pressing 1MAIN Idis plays the MAIN menu The MAIN menu is a set of primary choice...

Page 28: ... alarms date arithmetic Chapter 8 Time manager Creating and using your own custom Chapter 9 Formula menus for calculations Solver Math functions Chapter 2 Changing Menus and Reading Menu Maps Figure 1 5 is a menu map illustrating three menus The top row is the MAIN menu Pressing the key displays the BUS general busi ness menu Then pressing III EII displays the MU C markup as percent of cost menu T...

Page 29: ... in this example The example calculates the percent markup on cost of a crate of oranges that a grocer buys for 4 10 and sells for 4 60 Step 1 Decide which menu you want to use The MU C markup as a percent of cost menu is our destination If it s not obvious to you which menu you need look up the topic in the subject index and examine the menu maps in appendix E Displaying the MU C menu Step 2 Step...

Page 30: ...of Cost COST 4 10 PRICE 4 60 MARKUP C 12 20 ID DlimDDDI Step 8 Step 9 Press to calculate the markup as a percent of cost The answer MARKUP C 12 20 To leave the MU C menu press EXIT I to display the BUS menu or MAIN I to display the MAIN menu This step is optional because COST PRICE and M C are cleared whenever you press lIB to display the BUS menu However since you may not always return to the MAI...

Page 31: ...ime the calculation uses the COST and M C to calculate the PRICE Figure 1 8 Calculating M C Keys 4 60 IiIIII Display PRIC E 4 6e __ S_to_r_e_4_ 6 0 1 Keys 4 10 _ Display COST 4 113 Keys _ Store 4 10 Display MARKUP C 12 213 Figure 1 9 Calculating the PRICE Keys 20 _ COST PRICE M C Calculate 12 20 Calculator Memory Display MARKUP C 2e ee __ S to r e 2 O 0 0 __ 1 4 10 _ l Keys Display COS T 4 113 _ S...

Page 32: ...o display a value press RCL Ifollowed by the menu key For ex ample RCL II11III displays the value stored in COST To clear all the variables in a menu press CLEAR ALL Iwhile the menu is displayed This also clears the history stack Clearing a menu is useful when you want to start a new calculation without worrying about what numbers may have previously been stored Making a Graceful IEXIT I The EXIT ...

Page 33: ... storing a value for COST COST would have a value of 0 and the calculator would be unable to do the calculation To help you correct the situa tion the HP 18C beeps and displays a message The message is erased from the display the next time you press a key Refer to appendix C for additional information about error messages Custom Menus The HP 18C has a set of built in formulas used by some of its m...

Page 34: ...e you will have to erase previously stored information before you can store any new information The types of information that use calculator memory and the amount of memory they use are covered in the section Managing Calculator Memory on page 189 In addition to erasing portions of memory the HP 18C allows you to erase all the information you ve stored inside the calculator This is covered in the ...

Page 35: ...e calculator line even though the alphabetic annunciator is off For example the calculator line might contain TOTAL 124 60 Then pressing 0 2 0 would calculate 124 60 plus 2 and the HP 18C would display the answer 126 60 Simple Arithmetic Here are some examples of simple arithmetic using the keys 0 Q 0 B and LJ LJ raises a number to a power Notice how the o key completes the calculation You can als...

Page 36: ...us example Keys 7500120 Display 9 000 00 Description Pressing a number key after 0 in the previous example starts a new calculation Now see what happens when you press an operator key after 0 03600 25 00 The calculation contin ues using the results of the previous calculation Th d h I I c 7 SO X 12 ere s an eaSIer way to 0 t e ca cu atlOn 360 7500120 9 000 00 3600 25 00 34 2 Arithmetic You don t n...

Page 37: ...ne exception is when a plus or minus sign precedes the number Then the 00 key uses the rightmost number as a percent and calcu lates that percent of the number preceding the plus or minus sign Find 27 of 85 3 Keys Display 85 3 0 27 00 85 30 0 27 o 23 03 Description Divides 27 by 100 Calculates 27 of 85 3 Calculate the number that is 10 greater than 25 25 B 1000 o 25 00 2 50 27 50 Calculates 10 of ...

Page 38: ...Description Interest on the loan is 87 50 You must repay this amount at the end of one year The other keyboard arithmetic keys are em and 0 They act on the number furthest to the right Keys 4 20 em G 47 2 o 1 1 0 Display 0 25 4 47 47 2 51 67 51 67 1 21 62 52 5 00 36 2 Arithmetic Description Calculates the reciprocal of 4 Calculates V2D Calculates 4 47 47 20 Calculates 1 12 Completes the calculatio...

Page 39: ...ntheses Keys Display Description 30 8ITJ 85 G 30 00 85 00 No calculation is done 12 OJ 30 00 73 00 Calculates 85 12 09 0 41x9 Calculates 30 73 0 3 70 Calculates 0 41 x 9 Recalling Numbers to the Calculator Line Sometimes you may want to include the result of a previous calcula tion in a new calculation There are several ways to reuse numbers Using the History Stack When you start a new operation o...

Page 40: ...p of the display Pressing ITJ brings the number back down Also if you hold down or ITJ you ll see that the history stack wraps around on itself The top three numbers in the history stack are automatically cleared whenever you switch menus the number on the calculator line is re tained so that you can use it in other calculations Pressing 1CLEAR ALL 1 clears the history stack and sometimes also cle...

Page 41: ...ption 123 GJ 17 G 140 00 Calculates 123 17 em 11 83 Calculates Y140 39 GJ 8 GJ Copies 11 83 to the cal 1LAST 47 00 11 83 culator line G 3 97 Completes the calculation Using Registers The 1 STO key copies a number from the calculator line to a desig nated storage area called a register There are four registers in calculator memory numbered 0 1 2 and 3 The 1 RCL key recalls stored numbers back to th...

Page 42: ...1 560 10 475 60 GJ RCL 12 1035 70 39 15 o 26 45 560 1 475 6 39 15 Description Stores 475 6 into register 1 Stores 39 15 the rightmost number into register 2 Completes the calculation 475 60 39 15 Recalls the contents of register 1 Recalls the contents of register 2 Completes the calculation The STO 1and RCL 1keys can also be used with variables For example STO I in the MU C menu stores the rightmo...

Page 43: ...ores 114 25 45 7 x 2 5 into register 3 Displays the contents of register 3 Table 2 1 Arithmetic in Registers Keys New Number in Register 1sTOI B old number displayed number ISTOI J old number displayed number 1STO 10 old number x displayed number 1STO IC J old number 7 displayed number 1STO I LJ old number displayed number You can also do arithmetic on numbers stored in variables For exam ple 2 1S...

Page 44: ...ription Common base 10 logarithm of a positive number Common base 10 antilogarithm calculates 1Ox Natural base e logarithm of a positive number IDiII Natural antilogarithm calculates eX IIDI Factorial Displays 7r 3 14159265359 in the current display format Starting from the MAIN menu Keys 2 5 790 B 4 IIDI o Display 316 23 7913 1313 24 1313 814 1313 42 2 Arithmetic Description Calculates 102 5 Calc...

Page 45: ...i mum of 12 digits press Changing the number of displayed decimal places affects what you see but doesn t affect internal calculations Internally the HP 18C does calculations with 12 digit numbers Starting with two displayed decimal places Keys Display Description 450 12560 Two decimal places are 5 65 displayed IOlspl _ Four decimal places are 411NPUTI 5 65213 displayed IOlspl 5 652 Trailing zeros...

Page 46: ... with very large or very small numbers For example the 1984 Gross National Product of the United States was 3 662 800 000 000 Scientific notation writes this number as a smaller number called a mantissa times 10 raised to a power In this case the decimal point is moved 12 places to the left and the number is written as 3 6628 x 1012 The same process is used for very small numbers except that the d...

Page 47: ...ge the sign 2 Press either the alphabetic IJ or IJ to start the exponent 3 If the exponent is negative press 8 4 Key in the exponent Keys Display 4 78 IJ 13 GJ 8 IJ250 5 98E 13 2 36 IJ 8150120 2 83E 14 Description 4 78 X 1013 7 8 X 1025 equals 5 98 X 10 13 2 36 X 10 15 X 12 2 83 x 10 14 2 Arithmetic 45 ...

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Page 49: ...tion that one number is of another ex pressed as a percentage The difference between price and cost expressed as a percentage of the cost The difference between price and cost expressed as a percentage of the price Percent Change You can calculate anyone of the three values if you know the other two The percent change CH is expressed as a percentage of the OLD number 1 To display the CHG percent c...

Page 50: ...his year s Part 2 What would this year s sales have to be to show a 12 in crease from last year Starting from the MAIN menu Keys Display CLEAR ALL I 0 00 110000 IIDIII OLD 110 000 00 115000 NE 115 000 00 IEmII CHANGE 4 55 Description Displays the CHG menu Clears the history stack and the CHG variables Stores 110 000 in OLD Stores 115 000 in NEW Calculates the percent change Part 2 OLD remains 110 ...

Page 51: ...an swer is displayed on the calculator line Example Calculating the percent of total Part 1 Total assets for Evett Company are 675 840 The firm has inventories of 234 576 What percentage of total assets is inventory Part 2 Last year Evett Company incurred salary expenses that were 45 of operating expenses If operating expenses were 76 249 what were salary expenses Starting from the MAIN menu Keys ...

Page 52: ...ates 45 of the total Markup on Cost You can calculate any of the three values if you know the other two 1 To display the MU C markup on cost menu from the MAIN menu press mill then 1iIIIiI Figure 3 3 The MU C Menu 1 34 312005 1DiI 1IB 2 Store each of the values you know by keying in the number and pressing the appropriate menu key 3 Press the menu key for the value you want to calculate The an swe...

Page 53: ...s the MU C menu Clears the history stack and the MU C variables Stores the cost Stores 60 in M C Calculates the price You can calculate anyone of the three values if you know the other two 1 To display the MU P markup as a percent of price menu from the MAIN menu press 1IiD then 1iI EIiII Figure 3 4 The MU P Menu 2 Store each of the values you know by keying in the number and pressing the appropri...

Page 54: ...4 dis count Starting from the MAIN menu Keys 1CLEAR ALL I 225 G 4 00 IIiII 300 IDID Display 0 00 COST 216 00 PRICE 300 00 MARKUP P 28 00 Part 2 Use 225 for the cost 225 Qi1i1 COST 225 00 MARKUP P 25 00 52 3 General Business Calculations Description Displays the MU P menu Clears the history stack and the MU P variables Calculates and stores the net cost Stores 300 in PRICE Calculates the markup as ...

Page 55: ... aa to display the BUS menu Sharing Variables Between Menus If you compare the MU C menu and the MU P menus you ll see that they have two menu labels in common 1iJiI and 1iIaBI Figure 3 5 Shared Variables CHG TOTL MU C MU P I I COST PRICE M C COST PRICE M P Shared variables The HP 18C keeps track of the values you key in according to those labels For example if you key in a COST and PRICE in the M...

Page 56: ...markup on price Starting from the MAIN menu Keys 1 CLEAR ALL I 9 60 BIll 15 __ IiIBII Part 2 1 EXITI IDII Display 0 00 COST 9 60 MARKUP C 15 00 PRICE 11 04 MARKUP P 13 04 54 3 General Business Calculations Description Displays the MU C menu Clears the history stack and the MU C variables Stores 9 60 in COST Stores 15 in M C Calculates the retail price per case Exit the MU C menu and enter the MU P...

Page 57: ...erest per year your friend owes you 500 WlOO x 500 530 Simple interest calculations can be done using the calculator line and the 00 key Refer to page 36 Compound interest calculations take into account that interest added to the principal at specified compounding periods also earns interest Many time value of money problems for example savings ac counts mortgages pension funds leases and annuitie...

Page 58: ...arting from the MAIN menu press IIIBII then Figure 4 1 The TVM Menu END MODE 1 12 PMTS YR 0 00 C EIIIRliII IIiIDII fimJD TVM menu Payment mode message Displays secondary TVM menu The primary TVM menu has five menu keys for built in variables plus 1iIID3 The IiIID3 key displays a secondary menu used to change the payment conditions and to display the amortization AMRT menu The message on the displa...

Page 59: ...e end of the last period The Secondary TVM Menu Stores the number of payments per year The value must be an integer in the range 1 through 999 Sets Begin mode used when payments occur at the begin ning of each period Sets End mode used when payments occur at the end of each period Displays the AMRT amortization menu for calculating am ortization schedules When the HP 18C calculates a non integer N...

Page 60: ...oints up Money paid out is a negative number and the arrow points down Figure 4 2 shows a typical TVM cash flow diagram Figure 4 2 A Cash Flow Diagram Showing Payments at the End of Each Period Money received is a positive number PMT Equal payments PMT PMT PMT Time r 4 _ Money paid out is a negative number Present Value PV 2 3 4 5 Equal periods FV PMT In figure 4 2 the payments occur at the end of...

Page 61: ... press 1CLEAR ALL I 3 Read the message that describes the number of payments per year and the Begin End mode If you must change either of these settings press 1 11113 To change the number of payments per year key in the new value and press 1iilII To change the Begin End mode press or Press 1 EXIT 1 to return to the primary TVM menu 4 To store the values you know key in the number and press the app...

Page 62: ...leared by pressing 1CLEAR ALL I Clearing variables sets them equal to O When the HP 18C is displaying the primary TVM menu pressing 1CLEAR ALL 1 clears N 1 YR PV PM and FV When the secondary OTHER menu is displayed pressing 1CLEAR ALL 1 sets the conditions 12 PMTS YR END MODE Loan Calculations The following three examples illustrate several common loan calculations Example A car loan Part 1 You ar...

Page 63: ...e MAIN menu Keys 1 CLEAR ALL I Display 0 00 Description Displays the TVM menu Clears the history stack and the TVM variables These steps are necessary only if you must change the number of pe riods per year and or the Begin End mode 1CLEAR ALL I 12 PMTS YR END MODE Displays the secondary TVM menu Sets 12 payments per year End mode Displays the TVM menu 4 Time Value of Money 61 ...

Page 64: ... 76 89 I YR 6 75 Stores the reduced pay ment amount Calculates the annual in terest rate Example A home mortgage After careful consideration of your personal finances you ve decided that the maximum monthly mort gage payment you can afford is 630 You can make a 12 000 down payment and annual interest rates are currently 11 5 If you take out a 30 year mortgage what is the maximum purchase price you...

Page 65: ...gin End mode IiiIII B Displays the secondary TVM menu 1CLEAR ALL 1 30012 11 5 IIBI 12 PMTS YR END t10DE N 360 00 I YR 11 50 630 PMT 630 00 IGII PV 63 617 64 GJ 120000 75 617 64 Sets 12 payments per year End mode Displays the TVM menu Stores the number of payments Stores the annual interest rate Stores the monthly payment Calculates the loan amount Calculates the total price of the house loan plus ...

Page 66: ... your balloon payment at the end of four years Figure 4 6 A Home Mortgage With a Balloon Payment After Four Years PV 75 250 PMT I YR 13 8 N 4 x 12 P Y 12 The problem is done in two steps 1 Calculate the monthly payment 48 balloon FV 2 Calculate the balloon payment after 4 years Starting from the MAIN menu Keys CLEAR ALL I Display 121 121121 64 4 Time Value of Money Description Displays the TVM men...

Page 67: ... the annual interest rate Stores the amount of the loan Calculates the monthly payment Step 2 Calculate the balloon payment after 4 years 894 33 EZJ Stores the rounded value PMT 894 33 of PMT 4012 II1II N 48 00 F 73 408 81 Calculates the number of payments in 4 years and stores the value in N Calculates the balloon payment after four years This amount plus the last monthly payment repays the loan ...

Page 68: ... 73 408 1 11 II mJIIilmJDi1 IIIIICJ iIiliII H Table 4 2 describes the AMRT menu keys Table 4 2 AMRT menu keys Menu Key Description Stores the number of payments to be amortized and calcu lates the amortization schedule The value entered must be an integer in the range 1 through 1 200 Displays the amount of the payments applied toward interest Displays the amount of the payments applied toward prin...

Page 69: ... the bal ance of the loan and the amount applied toward interest 11 To display the amount applied toward the principal press 12 You can use the IIBIII or aD ilII keys to redisplay those values on the calculator line 13 To continue calculating the schedule for subsequent payments do a or b a Key in the number of succeeding payments to be amortized and press b Press BIll to use the previously stored...

Page 70: ...12 5 annual interest Your monthly payment is 693 72 Calculate the amount of the first year s and second year s payments that are applied toward principal and interest Part 2 Calculate the loan balance after 3lJ2 years Starting from the MAIN menu Keys 1CLEAR ALL I 12 5 _ 65000 693 72 IiIID 1CLEAR ALL I Display 0 00 I YR 12 50 PV 65 000 00 PMT 693 72 12 Pt1TS YR END t 10DE 68 4 Time Value of Money D...

Page 71: ...incipal for payments 13 through 24 Part 2 To calculate the balance after 31fz years 42 payments amor tize 18 additional payments 42 24 18 18 PAY 1ENTS 25 42 BALANCE 64 129 05 INTEREST 12 066 98 Savings Calculations Calculates the amortiza tion schedule for the next 18 months The following examples illustrate two common savings calculations Example A savings account You deposit 2 000 into a savings...

Page 72: ...00 _ MODE I YR 7 20 PV 2 000 00 FV 3 000 00 N 5 83 70 4 Time Value of Money FV 3 OOO 1 Description Displays the TVM menu Clears the history stack and TVM variables Displays the secondary TVM menu Sets 1 payment period per year End mode Displays the TVM menu Stores the annual interest rate Stores the amount of the deposit Stores 3 000 in FV Calculates the number of years ...

Page 73: ...Calculates the balance af ter six years Example An Individual Retirement Account IRA You opened an IRA on April 15 1985 with a deposit of 2 000 Thereafter you deposit 80 00 into the account semimonthly The account pays 8 3 annual interest compounded semimonthly How much money will the account contain on April 15 2000 Figure 4 9 An IRA t 2 j PMT 80 PV 2 000 I YR 8 3 PjY 2 x 12 N 15x12 x 2 360 FV I ...

Page 74: ...ime Value of Money Et D Description Displays the TVM menu Clears the history stack and the TVM variables Displays the secondary TVM menu Sets 24 payments per year End mode Displays the TVM menu Calculates the number of deposits and stores the value in N Stores the annual interest rate Stores the initial deposit Stores the semimonthly payment Calculates the balance in the IRA after 15 years ...

Page 75: ... for 7 500 at the end of the leasing period What monthly payments payable at the beginning of each month are necessary to yield the lessor 14 annually Figure 4 10 A Car Lease I 1 I rV 7 500 PMT 3 34 35 36 I YR 14 PV 13 500 N 36 PjY 12 Notice that the first lease payment occurs at the beginning of the first period Starting from the MAIN menu Keys 1CLEAR ALL I Display 0 00 Description Displays the T...

Page 76: ...lates the monthly lease payment Example Present value of a lease with advanced payments and option to buy Ratajak Dairy Inc is leasing a machine for 4 years Monthly payments are 2 400 an additional 2 400 payment at the beginning of the leasing period replaces the final payment The leasing agreement includes an option to buy the machine for 15 000 at the end of the leasing period What is the capita...

Page 77: ...he 47 monthly payments 2 Add to this value the additional advance payment 3 Find the present value of the buy option 4 Sum the values calculated in steps 2 and 3 Starting from the MAIN menu Keys 1CLEAR ALL I 12 BIll Display 0 00 0 00 12 PMTS YR BEGIN MODE Description Displays the TVM menu Clears the history stack and the TVM variables Displays the secondary TVM menu Sets 12 payments per year Begin...

Page 78: ... advance payment to PY Store the answer G 2400 0 84 135 58 ISTO 10 Calculates the present value of all the payments Stores 84 135 58 in regis ter O Step 3 Find the present value of the buy option 48 15000 J 0 t 48 00 F 15 000 00 PMT 0 00 P 7 340 43 Step 4 Add the results of step 3 and 4 G IRCLI 0 0 91 476 00 76 4 Time Value of Money Stores the number of periods Stores the buy option Clears PMT Cal...

Page 79: ...nu key for the desired compounding method do a or b a Press IIIBI for periodic compounding b Press BIll for continuous compounding 3 Key in the nominal or effective interest rate and press 1mB or IDD 4 For periodic compounding only Key in the number of periods per year and press 5 Press IDD or 1mB to calculate the effective or nominal interest rate Values of EFF and NOM are shared between the EFFC...

Page 80: ... or CONT menus clears NOM and EFF In the EFFCT menu P is also cleared Example Converting from a nominal to an effective interest rate You are considering opening a savings account in one of three banks Which bank has the most favorable interest rate Bank 1 6 7 annual interest compounded quarterly Bank 2 6 65 annual interest compounded monthly Bank 3 6 65 annual interest compounded continuously 78 ...

Page 81: ...nterest rate for bank 1 Stores the number of compounding periods per year Calculates the effective interest rate for bank 1 Stores the nominal an nual interest rate for bank 2 Stores the number of compounding periods per year Calculates the effective interest rate for bank 2 Displays the CONT menu The previous val ues of NOM and EFF are retained Calculates the effective rate for bank 3 The calcula...

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Page 83: ...form series NUS and net future value NFV for a specified periodic interest rate 1 The CFLO Menu To display the cash flow CFLO menu starting from the MAIN menu press then mB If you haven t previously used the CFLO menu the HP 18C displays an empty cash flow number list Figure 5 1 An Empty CFLO Number List INITIAL FLOW Q INIT 0 00 Li mmJCIiImIml You can use the cash flow menu for cash flows of equal...

Page 84: ...your display will look different Instead of displaying an empty list the HP 18C displays the beginning of the CFLO number list you worked with most recently You can press I to see more of the list To display an empty list YQu can Clear the list by pressing 1CLEAR ALL I Clearing number lists is covered in more detail on page 114 Create a new list by pressing then liliiii Creating new number lists i...

Page 85: ...e HP 18C has a variety of features to help you use number lists effectively Some of these features are covered in this chapter and demonstrated in the examples The rest of the features are explained in chapter 7 Cash Flow Diagrams and Signs of Numbers The sign conventions used for cash flow calculations are the same as those used in time value of money calculations Figure 5 3 illustrates a typical...

Page 86: ...nvestor has invested 700 and this investment has generated a series of cash flows starting at the end of the first period Notice that there is no cash flow a cash flow of 0 for period five and that the investor pays a small amount in period six Figure 5 4 illustrates a cash flow diagram in which two series of con secutive equal cash flows occur Consecutive equal cash flows are called grouped cash ...

Page 87: ...hem to make entering the data easier see figure 5 4 2 Key in the value of the initial cash flow remember the sign con ventions use J if necessary to change the sign and press I INPUT I 3 The pointer now points to FLOW l Key in the value for FLOW l and press IINPUT I 4 The pointer now points to TIMES the number of consecutive occurrences of FLOW l TIMES has been automatically set to 1 and 1 00 is d...

Page 88: ...per place You can also delete a cash flow Inserting and deleting numbers is covered in chapter 7 Cash Flow Calculations Press lIB to display the CALC menu Table 5 2 describes the cal culations you can do To calculate the sum of the cash flows press 1IiI1 I To calculate the internal rate of return press 1Jm The HP 18C calculates the periodic rate of return To calculate the annual return multiply th...

Page 89: ...as a percentage sometimes called cost of capital discount rate or required rate of return 111 Calculates the net present value the present value of a se ries of cash flows plus the initial cost of the investment computed for a specified periodic interest rate lIB Calculates the net uniform series the dollar amount of regu lar equal cash flows having a present value equivalent to the net present va...

Page 90: ...lculate the net present value and net future value assuming an annual interest rate of 10 5 Part 2 Assuming the same interest rate calculate NPV if cash flow 4 is reduced from 4 000 to 1 000 Starting from the MAIN menu Keys _IDIII 1CLEAR ALL I 80000 JIINPuTI Display HlITIAL FLO IN IT HlI T 8e lee Ie FLO H 1 T I t1ES Description Displays the cash flow menu Clears the list Enters the initial cash fl...

Page 91: ...W 3 5 500 00 TIMES l FLOW 4 n I lES 4000 II NPUT I FLOW 4 4 000 00 Enters FLOW 4 n I MES 1 FLOW 5 TIMES 115000 Enters FLOW 5 I INPUT II INPUT I FLOW 5 115 000 00 TIMES l FLOW 6 TIMES Displays the CALC menu TOTAL 54 000 00 Calculates the sum of the cash flows I RR 11 93 Calculates the internal rate of return 10 5 I 10 50 Stores the periodic inter est rate BIll NPV 4 774 63 Calculates the NPY NFV 7 ...

Page 92: ...MES l 1 000 Ii1DI Displays the CALC menu BIll NP 2 762 43 Calculates NPV for the edited list Example An investment with grouped cash flows You are con sidering an investment that requires a cash outlay of 50 000 with the promise of annual cash flows as shown in figure 5 7 Figure 5 7 An Investment With Grouped Cash Flows Initial flow 50 000 FLOW 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FLOW 2 90 5 Cash Flow Calcu...

Page 93: ... INPUT 1 10000 1INPUT 14 1 INPUT 1 Display INITIAL FLO l nUT INIT 50 000 00 FLOW l T IMES FLOW 1 5 000 0tl T I IE 3 FLm 2 TH1ES FLOW 2 10 000 00 TI MES 4 FLm 3 TI IE Description Displays the CFLO menu Clears the number list Enters the initial cash flow Enters FLOW l Enters FLOW 2 If you want to preserve the current number list skip the next step pressing 1CLEAR ALL b Instead name the list refer to...

Page 94: ...tes NPV Example An investment with quarterly returns You have been offered an opportunity to invest 20 000 The investment returns quarterly payments over four years as follows Year 1 4 payments of 500 Year 2 4 payments of 1 000 Year 3 4 payments of 2 000 Year 4 4 payments of 3 000 Figure 5 8 An Investment With Quarterly Returns 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Initial flow 20 000 92...

Page 95: ... J 4 INPUT J 1000 INPUT J 4 INPUTJ 2000 II NPUT J 411NPUT J 3000 INPUT J 4 INPUTJ FLOW T II lES FLO J 5 1 1 10 TIMES 4 FLOw 2 TIMES FLOW 5 T II lES I 1 1 2 43 9 72 Enters FLOW l Enters FLOW 2 FLOW 3 and FLOW 4 Calculates the periodic rate of return Calculates the nominal annual rate of return If you want to preserve the current number list skip the next step pressing CLEAR ALL Instead name the lis...

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Page 97: ...t number minus the smallest number Display the largest maximum and smallest minimum number in the list Sort the list from smallest number to largest number Do curve fitting and forecasting calculations using two SUM lists and one of four models linear exponential logarithmic and power Curve fitting for the linear model is called linear regression The SUM Menu To display the SUM menu press in the M...

Page 98: ...ete numbers from the list Used to name the list Used to switch from one list to another or to create a new list Covered in chapter 7 If you have previously used the SUM menu your display will look different Instead of displaying an empty list the HP 18C displays the SUM list you worked with most recently You can press TI to see more of the list To display an empty list you can Clear the list by pr...

Page 99: ...emonstrated in the examples The rest of the features are covered in chapter 7 Entering Numbers and Viewing the Running Total The list pointer shows you where the next number you enter is placed When the list is empty the pointer points to ITEM l and the TOTAL O OO To enter numbers into the empty list 1 Key in the first number it is displayed on the calculator line If necessary press J to change th...

Page 100: ...d Editing the List The mand CD keys move the list pointer up and down the list one number at a time mand CD move the pointer to the beginning and end of the list Moving the list pointer does not affect the value of the running total To change an incorrect number after it has been entered into the number list 1 Position the list pointer at the incorrect value 2 Key in the correct value and press II...

Page 101: ...267 82 INPUT I 837 42 INPUT I 368 23 1J INPUT 145 36 1J INPUT I 128 90 1J INPUT 165 35 1J INPUT I 55 67 INPUT I Display ITEt l 1 TOTAL 0 00 ITEM l TOTAL 0 00 ITEM 1 267 82 ITE 1 2 TOTAL 267 82 ITEt1 2 837 42 ITEM 3 TOTAL 1 105 24 ITE 1 7 55 67 ITEt l 8 TOTAL 553 t17 Description Displays the SUM menu Clears the number list Enters the beginning balance Enters the deposit on 6 1 Enters the remaining ...

Page 102: ...the standard deviation the larger the spread A standard deviation of 0 means that all the numbers are identical II3 i1B Displays the difference between the largest and smallest number Displays the smallest minimum number in the list Displays the largest maximum number in the list Sorts the list so that numbers are ordered from smallest to largest Displays the FRCST forecast menu which is used to d...

Page 103: ...AIN menu Keys Display Description 1IJ IiII Displays the SUM menu 1 CLEAR ALL I Clears the list ITEM l TOTAL 0 00 340 1INPUT I ITEM 1 340 00 Enters May s phone bill ITE 1 2 TOTAL 340 00 175 1INPUT I ITEM 2 175 00 Enters June s phone bill ITEM 3 TOTAL 515 00 450 1INPUT I Enters the phone bills for 780 IINPUT I July through October 245 IINPUT I 625 1INPUT I ITEM 6 625 00 ITEM 7 TOTAL 2 615 00 If you ...

Page 104: ... the y intercept a is the slope of the line Logarithmic y A a In x all x values must be positive Exponential y Ae Bx all y values must be positive Power curve y AxB all x values and all y values must be positive The HP 18C uses the x and y values to calculate A a and the cor relation coefficient The correlation coefficient measures how well the calculated curve describes your data Once the curve h...

Page 105: ...ure 6 5 Curve Fitting Models Linear Curve Fit Exponential Curve Fit y y y A Bx y AeBx x x Logarithmic Curve Fit Power Curve Fit DIll y y y A B In x y AXB x x 6 Running Total and Statistics Calculations 103 ...

Page 106: ... a menu containing a label for each named SUM list in memory If necessary press IIIiIDI to see all the list names 5 Press the menu key menu for the list containing the x values The HP 18C displays the FRCST menu 6 Press the menu key for the model you want to use The HP 18C displays the curve fitting menu refer to table 6 3 7 To display the curve fitting results press 1IiIiJD and or refer to table ...

Page 107: ...lays the value of A for the model For the linear model this is the y intercept of the line Displays the value of B for the model For the linear model this is the slope of the line Calculated using the transformed formulas for the exponential logarithmic and power models Example Curve fitting Bolden s Health Foods advertises on a local radio station For the past six weeks the manager has kept recor...

Page 108: ...INPUT ID i1DI MINUTES INPUT Display tITEM l TOTAL 0 00 ITEt 1 6 4 00 tITnl 7 TOTAL 20 00 t AME IS NOI j tM I t UTES tITE l l TOTAL 0 00 Description Displays the SUM menu Clears the number list Enters the number of minutes of advertising x values into a SUM number list This message is briefly displayed Switches to a new empty list If you want to preserve the current number list skip the next step p...

Page 109: ...he list containing the x val ues and displays the FRCST menu Selects the linear model Displays the correlation coefficient for the linear model Part 2 This correlation coefficient is acceptable to Bolden s Using the linear model estimate what the level of sales would be if Bolden s purchased 7 minutes of advertising time per week 7 t3IIiU XLIST 7 00 YLIST 3 357 38 Stores 7 in variable XLIST Calcul...

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Page 111: ... and NFV Chapter 5 SUM Running total statistics curve fitting Chapter 6 forecasting Entering numbers into number lists and doing calculations with them are covered in chapters 5 and 6 These menu keys are covered in chapter 7 Used to insert a number into a list Used to delete a number from a list Used to name or rename a list also displays the current list name Used to switch from one list to anoth...

Page 112: ...e memory it requires Inserting a Number Into a List To insert values into a list 1 Position the list pointer below the place of insertion For exam ple to insert a number between ITEM 6 and ITEM 7 place the list pointer at ITEM 7 2 Press 3 Key in the value for the item or cash flow and press INPUT I For CFLO lists also enter TIMES Deleting a Number From a List To delete a number from a list positio...

Page 113: ...Renaming Number Lists A new number list has no name Providing the list with a name helps you to locate it later and also enables you to have more than one list of a particular type for example more than one SUM list To name a list 1 Press 1I JmI 2 Type the name and press II NPUT I List names can be up to 22 characters long and can include any char acters The first four or five characters some lett...

Page 114: ...ntil you want to display GET a different list in the same menu Before you can switch from a nameless list to another list you must name the list or clear it Viewing the List Name To view the current list name 1 Press IIUIII The list name is displayed on line 3 2 Press IEXIT I to return to the previous menu Switching Number Lists GET When you press IEXIT lor 1MAIN Ito leave a CFLO or SUM menu the H...

Page 115: ...18C returns to the previous menu To name the list press 1mliIII To clear the list press 1CLEAR ALL I If pressing IEIiII causes the HP 18C to display the message I NSUFF I C I ENT MEMORY and an abbreviated GET menu there will be only one menu label and no IiIIID label you should exit the GET menu complete any arithmetic calculator line calculations you were in the process of doing press 0 or 1CLEAR...

Page 116: ...S 6 Switching from a list named MARCHECKS to a list named FEBCHECKS Clearing a Number List Clearing a number list erases all the numbers in the list returning it to its empty state The memory used by the list becomes available for other information To clear the currently displayed number list press 1CLEAR ALL I then If you previously named the list the HP 18C lets you choose whether or not to clea...

Page 117: ...r day month year Set alarms with optional messages Determine the day of the week for a particular date Calculate the number of days between two dates using the 360 day 365 day or actual calendar The HP 18C calendar runs from October 15 1582 to December 31 9999 Viewing the Time and Date To view the time date and day of the week press in the MAIN menu Figure 8 1 The TIME Menu and Display 12 25 1986 ...

Page 118: ... menu is used to set the time and date and to change the time and date formats Table 8 2 describes the SET menu To set the time from the MAIN menu 1 Press I11III then to display the SET menu Note the cur rent time format ml or P l after the time indicates 12 hour format 2 Using the current format key in the correct time as a number in the form HH MMSS For example 9 08 30 PM would be keyed in as 9 ...

Page 119: ...in month day year format or 3 041987 DD MMYYYY in day month year format 3 Press 1m1DII Table 8 2 SET Menu Keys Menu Key Description Im1DII Enters the number in the calculator line as the current date IIIB Enters the number in the calculator line as the current time IIDi1iI In 12 hour format switches the clock setting between AM and PM II Switches between month day year format and day month year fo...

Page 120: ... the 12 and 24 hour time format press 1IflIII To switch between month day year and day month year format press Adjusting the Clock Setting The ADJST menu adjusts the time setting forward or backward in increments of hours minutes or seconds To adjust the time setting from the TIME menu 1 Press 2 Press the appropriate menu key s until the correct time is dis played For example if the current time s...

Page 121: ...Due PENDING 2 6 PAST DUE 5 7 33 mmmDElrimlll iml m DEI Pending alarms are those set to some future time Past due alarms are those that went off and have not been acknowledged All other alarms are expired they were acknowledged when they went off sometime in the past or they have been cleared 2 Press a menu keY 1ilDII through 1 i1iJiIm The display shows the current setting for that alarm and the al...

Page 122: ...s 5 Key in the date of the alarm as a number using the current date format For example October 4 1988 would be 10 041988 month day year format or 4 101988 day month year format Press If you omit the year the calculator assumes the current year 6 Note the time format in use AM or PM after the time indicates 12 hour format Key in the time of the alarm as a number in the form HH MMSS For example 2 25...

Page 123: ...a repeating alarm to a non repeat ing alarm press IIDII 1mIlII Acknowledging an Alarm When an alarm comes due the HP 18C beeps and the alarm an nunciator comes on If the alarm has a message it is displayed on line 1 otherwise the HP 18C displays the date and time of the alarm To acknowledge the alarm and clear the message press any key while the HP 18C is beeping Alarms not acknowledged within 20 ...

Page 124: ...to the APPT menu Note that the acknowl edged alarm is no longer listed as past due A repeating alarm is deactivated while it is past due It will not go off at subsequent repeat intervals until the alarm has been acknowledged Clearing Alarms Clearing an alarm changes it into an expired non repeating alarm with no message The alarm is H set H to 00 00 0000 12 00 AM To clear a particular alarm from t...

Page 125: ...R ALL I 4 19 Im1ifI 2 15 IiDiiII IiiDI STAFF MEETING INPUT I Display TUE 04 19 1988 02 15 AM 02 15 PM STAFF MEETING RPT l WEEK S Description Displays the APPT menu Displays the alarm screen and menu for alarm 4 Clears the alarm Stores the alarm date Stores the alarm time Sets the alarm time to PM Enters the message Displays the RPT repeat menu Sets the repeat interval to one week Displays the APPT...

Page 126: ...DYYYY or day month year DD MMYYYY also displays the day of the week If you omit YYYY the calculator uses the current year Eil1iI Stores or calculates the number of days between DATE1 and DATE2 using the actual calendar The actual calendar recog nizes leap years mmI Calculates the number of days between DATE1 and DATE2 using the 36D day calendar The 36D day calendar is based on 3D day months IEiJII...

Page 127: ...the number of days between April 20 1949 and August 2 1986 using both the actual calendar and the 365 day calendar Assume the date format is month day year Starting from the MAIN menu Keys IIIDIID EI 4 201949 II11II 8 021986 Im1IB Display DATE1 04 20 1949 WED DATE2 08 12 1986 SAT ACTUAL DAYS 13 618 00 Description Displays the CALC menu Stores the first date and displays day of the week Stores the ...

Page 128: ... piece of land Determine the expira tion date Assume the date format is month day year Starting from the MAIN menu Keys IIIB 2 091987 IiDII 120 IiDIiI Display DATE1 2 09 1987 MO Description Displays the CALC menu Stores DATE ACTUAL DAYS 120 00 Stores the number of days in the future DATE 2 6 09 1987 TUE Calculates the expiration date Clearing the Date Arithmetic Variables When the HP 18C is displa...

Page 129: ...the calculation even if you are do ing it long hand you are using a formula Price per Length Width square yard feet feet PPSY x L x W COST 9 t Converts square feet to square yards The SOLVE menu lets you type in this formula When you press 1IilDI the HP 18Cs solver creates a custom menu for doing the cal culation Figure 9 1 illustrates the custom menu created from the carpet formula Figure 9 1 A C...

Page 130: ...to carpet the room is 300 Starting from the MAIN menu Keys PPSY 0 L 0 W I 9G Display COST PP8yxLxW 9 C08T 22 50 m 9 _ 12 _ IBII PP8Y 22 50 1 9 00 L 12 00 C08T 270 00 Description Displays the SOLVE menu and bottom of the formula list Formula typed into cal culator line Enters the formula and displays the custom menu Stores the price per square yard in PPSY Stores the width Stores the length Calcula...

Page 131: ... I If the formula list already contains one or more formulas the display will look different see figure 9 3 The HP 18C displays a portion of the formula list The list pointer points to the current formula the formula the solver uses to create the custom menu when you press Lines 1 and 2 display the two formulas that precede the cur rent formula You can use J or J to designate a different current f...

Page 132: ...the list already contains one or more formulas press 0 to move the list pointer to the bot tom of the formula list 3 Type the formula There is no limit on the length of the formula When a line is full it rolls up to make room for another line of characters If you make a typing mistake use the alphabetic editing keys The alphabetic editing keys are covered on pages 23 and 24 4 Do a or b a Press B1B...

Page 133: ...bles the solver creates the label IIiIiJa to switch between sets of menu labels Figure 9 4 A Custom Menu Q iPPSyxLxW 9 COST 0 00 1DiI 1lDl1HU 4 Current formula first 22 characters Custom menu To do a calculation using a custom menu 1 Store a value in all but one of the user variables For example in using the menu in figure 9 4 you can store values in PPSY L and W to calculate COST Or you can store...

Page 134: ...s them equal to 0 and clears the history stack To clear a set of user variables associated with a particular cus tom menu display the custom menu and press 1CLEAR ALL I User variables are also cleared when the formula is edited Viewing Long Formulas The formula list shows only the first 22 characters of a formula To view the entire current formula press u The entire formula up to 68 characters is ...

Page 135: ... Editing a Formula To change the current formula Entire current formula 1 Press IBII to display the entire formula and cursor 2 Make the necessary changes You can use all the alphabetic editing keys refer to table I Ion page 24 3 Press IINPUT lor _ to replace the previous version with the edited version Editing a formula clears its user variables To abort an editing operation after you ve pressed ...

Page 136: ...e from the formula with a colon For example to enter the formula PRICE INVOICE x DISCOUNT and name it DISCTPRICE type DISCTPRICE PRICE 0 INVOICE 0 DISCOUNT If you type in a formula without a name you can add a name later using the key Names can be any length and can include any characters except x and space Shared User Variables If two or more formulas contain the same user variable that variable ...

Page 137: ... formula For example the formula P P S l L j 9 CI S T uses five storage locations One location stores the formula four loca tions store the user variables PPSY L W and COST Deleting the variables frees the storage locations used to store PPSY L W and COST Deleting both the variables and the formula frees these four locations plus the location used to store the formula To delete the user variables ...

Page 138: ...zes the various ways to clear and delete informa tion that is stored using the solver Table 9 2 Summary of Clear and Delete Operations To do this Display this menu And press Clear set to 0 the Custom menu for the 1CLEAR ALL 1 user variables in the formula by pressing current formula BlIII Delete the user vari SOLVE IilDiI ma abies for the current formula Delete both the current SOLVE IilDiIImmI fo...

Page 139: ...you may want to stop the numerical process enter your own guesses and restart the search refer to Halting and Re starting the Numerical Search and Entering Guesses on page 138 Since the process of finding a numerical solution is very complex there are four possible outcomes that you should be aware of If nec essary refer to Solver Calculations on page 171 for additional descriptions of these possi...

Page 140: ...s found so far and the message I nERRUPTED You can restart the search from where it left off by pressing the menu key for the variable you are solving for Or you can restart the search using your own guesses refer to Entering Guesses below Entering Guesses Entering your own guesses serves two purposes First it can save time by telling the solver where to start searching Secondly if more than one s...

Page 141: ...nter two guesses 1 Key in the first guess and press the menu key 2 Key in the second guess and press the menu key twice For example 0 100 causes the solver to search for A in the range 0 through 100 Example Using guesses in a numerical solution One formula for calculating the profit from a manufacturing operation is Profit Price x Quantity Variable costs x Quantity Fixed Costs The C Sharp Piano Co...

Page 142: ...VE menu and bottom of the formula list Enters the formula and displays the custom menu Stores the price Stores the variable costs fixed costs and profit These steps are optional They enter guesses for QUAN If the solver must do a numerical search to solve for QUAN it will begin the search using the estimates 100 and 200 100 mB WAN 100 30 200 mB QUAt 200 0 3 140 9 The Formula Solver Enters the firs...

Page 143: ... O Pc r ic e X Annual yield 360 days price days to maturity The formula requires several changes before the solver can under stand it In discussing formulas it helps to define several terms User variables are the named items for example Annual yield price and days to maturity Constants are numbers for example 10 000 360 days Operators perform arithmetic for example x and Functions do calculations ...

Page 144: ...r variable names become menu labels in the custom menu Therefore make sure no two vari ables have the same first four or five characters Constants must be keyed in as numbers without digit separators or other characters For example Numbers written properly YIELD 10000 PRICE 360 x PRICE MATURITY Write the formula on one line When necessary use parentheses to control the order of calculations Withou...

Page 145: ...cation For exam ple a formula printed in a book as Psn Ps 1 F can be typed into the solver as P t l PS 1 F The x sign must be inserted between PS and the parenthesis You can use spaces to make the formula more readable as long as there are no spaces inside variable names The following version of the T bill formula is easier to read r I ELD 10000 PRICE PRICE x 36 1 lATUR I TY Formulas can use any o...

Page 146: ...SET menu DDAYS d1 d2 c The number of days between dates d1 and d2 The for mats for d1 and d2 are set in the TIME menu c designates the calendar EXP x EXPM1 x FACT x FP x IDIV x y INT x IP x LN x LNP1 x LOG c 1 for the actual calendar which recognizes leap years c 2 for the 365 day calendar which ignores leap years c 3 for the 360 day calendar which uses 12 30 day months Natural antilogarithm eX eX...

Page 147: ...erest rate per compounding period ex pressed as a percentage SPPV i n Present value of a single 1 00 payment equivalent to 1 7 SPFV i n n is the number of compounding periods i is the interest rate per compounding period ex pressed as a percentage SQRT x Square root of x TRN x y Truncates x to y decimal places returns the truncated value USFV i n Future value of a uniform series of 1 00 payments e...

Page 148: ...lated by multiplying the monthly interest by the number of days and dividing by 30 The formula for this loan situation is PV 1 ANNI x DAYS PMT 1 1200 30 _ 1 ANNI N 1200 0 ANNI 1200 where ANNI The annual percentage interest rate N the number of payments DAYS the number of odd days an integer in the range 0 through 30 PV the amount of the loan PMT the monthly payment The formula can be rearranged an...

Page 149: ...rs the formula and ANNI 1200 displays the custom o DAYS 30 menu OJ GJ PMT 0 uSPV IT ANNI 012 NOJ0 o B1 iI 6000 __ PV 6 000 00 Stores the loan amount 13 5 A nl 13 5 1 Stores the annual percent interest 51mDi1 Stores the number of odd days 36 __ H 36 0 1 Stores the number of payments Pt1T 203 99 Calculates PMT 9 The Formula Solver 147 ...

Page 150: ... BONUS equals 02 x SALES otherwise BONUS equals 01 x SALES In general the syntax of the IF function is IF conditional expression algebraic expression algebraic expression The logical and relational operators that can be used in conditional expressions are described in table 9 4 Table 9 4 Operators Used in Conditional Expressions Logical Operators Relational Operators AND I Greater than OR TI Less ...

Page 151: ... 7 A At m A 15 2 A 6 3 A 10 C Meaning If A is greater than 7 and less than or equal to 15 then B 2 x A 6 c Otherwise B 3 x A 10 c Formula I ALUE F IF ST 1 F 0 NOT F I RST 0 1 F I RST 1 Meaning If FIRST is unequal to 0 then VALUE FIRST 1 FIRST If FIRST 0 then VALUE FIRST 9 The Formula Solver 149 ...

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Page 153: ...C can do Operation of the printer is covered in the printer owner s documentation Figure 10 1 The printer port HEWLETT PACKARD 18C I Business Consultant Lee 2 1313 1II IIIfi IDmmll l I I mm The HP 18C automatically sends out information at a rate required by the printer If a printing operation involves printing many lines of in formation the calculator automatically slows its transmission of infor...

Page 154: ...ted using menus Values of user variables stored and calculated using custom menus A number list An amortization table Trace mode is used when you want a complete record of the numbers you ve keyed in the calculated results and the other keys you ve pressed To switch between trace mode and manual mode 1 Press 1PRINTER I 2 Press 1JIilII A display message informs you that tracing is on or off 3 Press...

Page 155: ...trokes you use to do the following calculation and store the result in the TVM built in variable PMT IjI2 x 4 800 125 Starting from the MAIN menu in manual mode Keys 1PR INTER IIiJ i IDI 1 EXIT I 12 DE Printed Record 12 00 EXIT FIN TVM 1 X 0 08 o x 4800 GJ 125 G 4 80 1 00 125 0 1 525 00 IImII P lT 1PRINTER I IiJ i IDI 1 EXIT I PF I tHER TRACE 10 Printing 153 ...

Page 156: ...u is also used to switch between trace and manual modes Table 10 1 The PRINTER Menu Menu Key Description lBlD Prints a copy of the first three lines of the display Prints values stored and or calculated using the HP 18C menus 1mB Prints the contents of registers 0 1 2 and 3 Prints the current time and date DEI Switches between trace and manual print modes Printing Values Stored and Calculated Usin...

Page 157: ...C menu in CFLO SUM number list Running Total and Statistics SUM TOTAL MEAN MEDIAN STDEV RANGE MIN MAX CALC menu in SUM XLlST YLlST CORR A B List of appointments LIN LOG EXP and PWR menus in FRCST Appointments APP APPT1 APPT6 RPT Date Arithmetic DATE1 DATE2 ACTUAL DAYS 360 CALC menu in TIME DAYS 365 DAYS The Formula Solver Current formula and the values of all The custom menu for that formula the u...

Page 158: ... the loan information using steps 1 through 8 on page 67 2 Press 3 If you wish to start the table anywhere other than at payment 1 amortize all the previous payments using step 10 on page 67 4 Key in the number of payments per table entry and press 5 Press 1Ii IDD 6 Key in the last payment to be printed and press II11II To halt printing before the table is completed press any key Example Printing ...

Page 159: ... 1 48 BALANCE 63 970 71 INTEREST 32 269 27 Description Displays the TVM menu Clears the history stack and the TVM variables Stores the annual interest Stores the amount of the loan Stores the monthly payment Displays the secondary TVM menu Sets 12 payments per year End mode Displays the AMRT menu Calculates the amortiza tion schedule for the first 4 years 10 Printing 157 ...

Page 160: ...lODE 12 50 65 000 0tl 693 72 12 00 PAYr lENTS 49 60 INTEREST 7 976 87 PRINCIPAL 347 77 BALANCE 63 622 94 PAYr1ENTS 61 INTEREST PRINCIPAL BALAt lCE 158 10 Printing 72 7 930 82 393 82 63 229 12 Calculates the amortiza tion schedule for the fourth year Prints the amortization table with two entries for payments 49 60 and 61 72 ...

Page 161: ...mers have similar questions about our products If you don t find an answer to your question you can contact us using the address or phone number listed on the inside back cover Answers to Common Questions Question I m not sure if the calculator is malfunctioning or if I m doing something incorrectly How can I determine if the calculator is operating properly Answer Refer to page 164 which describe...

Page 162: ...I indicate multiplication in a formula typed into the solver Answer You must use the multiplication sign 0 on the right side of the keyboard You cannot use the K letter key to indicate multiplication Question How do I type a comma in alpha mode Answer Press 0 Question My numbers contain commas instead of periods as deci mal points How do I restore the periods Answer Changing the decimal point is c...

Page 163: ...urchase If you sell your unit or give it as a gift the warranty is automatically trans ferred to the new owner and remains in effect for the original one year period During the warranty period we will repair or at our option replace at no charge a product that proves to be defective provided you return the product shipping prepaid to a Hewlett Packard service center What We Will Do Batteries and d...

Page 164: ... consequential damages so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state province to province or country to country Warranty for Consumer Transactions in the United Kingdom This warranty shall not apply to consumer transactions and shall not affect the statutory rights of a consu...

Page 165: ... other countries Hewlett Packard International 3495 Deer Creek Rd Palo Alto California 94304 U S A Telephone 415 857 1501 Note Do not send calculators to this address for repair Determining If the Calculator Requires Service Use these guidelines to determine if the calculator requires service If these procedures confirm that the calculator is not functioning prop erly read the section If the Calcu...

Page 166: ...tor responds to keystrokes but you suspect that it is malfunctioning 1 Do the self test described below If the calculator fails the self test it requires service 2 If the calculator passes the self test it is quite likely that you ve make a mistake in operating the calculator Try reread ing the portion of the manual that describes the type of calculation you are doing and check the section Answers...

Page 167: ...sults from an incorrect key being pressed and does not mean that the calculator requires service 6 lf the HP 18C failed the self test you should repeat steps 4 and 5 to verify the results If the Calculator Requires Service Hewlett Packard maintains service centers in most major countries throughout the world You may have your calculator serviced at a Hewlett Packard service center any time it malf...

Page 168: ...n Informatique Personnelle S A V Calculateurs de Poche F 9147 Les Viis Cedex Telephone 6 907 78 25 Germany Hewlett Packard GmbH Kleinrechner Service Vertriebszentrale Berner Strasse 117 Postfach 560 140 0 6000 Frankfurt 56 Telephone 611 50041 Italy Hewlett Packard Italiana S P A Casella postale 3645 Milano Via G Di Vittorio 9 1 20063 Cernusco Sui Naviglio Milan Telephone 2 90 36 91 Netherlands Hew...

Page 169: ...on point Along with the calculator you should include Your return address and description of the problem If a Service Card was included in the box with your calculator you can use it to provide the service center with this information If the one year warranty has not expired include a sales receipt or other documentary proof of purchase date The calculator and accompanying information should be pa...

Page 170: ...ubject to the customer s local sales tax In European countries the full charge is subject to Value Added Tax VAT and similar taxes wherever appli cable All such taxes will appear as separate items on invoiced amounts Calculator products damaged by accident or misuse are not covered by the fixed service charges In these situations service charges will be individually determined based on time and ma...

Page 171: ...re may be no solution In these cases the HP 18C displays a message to help you interpret what has happened Possible Outcomes of Calculating IRR These are the possible outcomes of an IRR calculation for which you have not stored a guess Storing a guess is covered on page 170 Case 1 The HP 18C displays a positive answer This is the only positive answer However one or more negative answers may exist ...

Page 172: ...d one negative cash flow Halting and Restarting the IRR Calculation The search for IRR may take a relatively long time You can halt the calculation at any time by pressing any key The HP 18C then dis plays the current estimate for IRR You can resume the calculation by Pressing I5TO lImB while the current estimate is displayed in the calculator line This continues the calculation from where it left...

Page 173: ...the best estimate of IRR is the interest rate that yields the value for NPV closest to O To find a good estimate for IRR key in a guess for IRR and press Then press to calculate NPV for that value Repeat the calculation of NPV for several values of 1 and look for trends in the results Choose as your guess for IRR the value of 1 that produces an NPV closest to O Solver Calculations In most cases th...

Page 174: ... for PROFIT and PRICE pressing IIiII causes the solver to use the rearranged formula to calculate an an swer Answers calculated this way are called direct solutions For certain formulas the unknown can be isolated but an answer cannot be calculated with the values you store Then the HP 18C displays SOLUTION NOT FOUND For example if you enter a formula and then enter values for AREA and W the solve...

Page 175: ...l estimate 1 and estimate 2 Using estimate 1 the solver calculates values for the left and right side of the for mula LEFT and RIGHT and calculates LEFT minus RIGHT LEFT RIGHT Then the solver does the same calculations for esti mate 2 If neither estimate produces a value of 0 for LEFT RIGHT the solver analyzes the results of its calculations and produces two new estimates that it judges to be clos...

Page 176: ...times take several min utes You can halt the search at any time by pressing any key There are four possible outcomes for a numerical solution Case 1 The HP 18C displays an answer on line 3 and there is no message in lines 1 and 2 It is very likely that the answer on line 3 is a solution for the unknown variable There are two situations in which the solver returns a case 1 an swer see figure B 2 Ca...

Page 177: ... 2 Figure B 3 Displaying LEFT and RIGHT For a Numerical Solution LEFT 79 9999999999 RIGHT 80 0000000000 AP1 9 46 1l lliII The formula could have more than one numerical solution If the answer does not seem reasonable you should enter one or two guesses and restart the search Case 2 The HP 18C displays an answer on line 3 and automati cally displays the values of LEFT and RIGHT on lines 1 and 2 The...

Page 178: ...tes are as close together as two 12 digit numbers can get neighbors the solver found two estimates that HbracketedH an ideal solution a solution where LEFT RIGHT equals 0 If LEFT and RIGHT are relatively close together the answer is probably a solution Otherwise the answer is probably not a solution Case 2b If the signs of LEFT RIGHT are opposite and the two estimates are not neighbors you should ...

Page 179: ...GUESSES LEFT RIGHT Estimate Case 2b LEFT RIGHT have opposite signs The two estimates are far apart This indicates that the solver is unable to begin its search for a nu merical solution using the current initial estimates guesses There may be a solution you can find by entering different estimates The closer you can estimate the answer the more likely it is that the solver will find a solution B M...

Page 180: ...te values using the HP 18C menus and built in variables Variables that appear on menu key la bels are not defined here for example CHANGE PMT 1 YR Refer to the section of the manual that covers each menu for defini tions of those variables Actuarial Functions The actuarial formulas describe the four actuarial functions included in the formula solver These formulas are also used to simplify the tim...

Page 181: ...ion Present value of a 1 00 annuity USPV i n 1_ 1 i n 100 i 100 Uniform Series Future Value Function Future value of a 1 00 annuity after n periods USFV i n 1 i n _ 1 100 i 100 General Business BUS CHANGE NEW OLD x 100 OLD TOTAL PART x 100 TOTAL MARKUP C PRICE COST x 100 COST MARKUP P PRICE COST x 100 PRICE B More About HP 18C Calculations 179 ...

Page 182: ...ate BAL is initially the TVM value of PV rounded to the current display setting PMT is initially the TVM value of PMT rounded to the current display setting I YR i P Y x 100 For each payment amortized INT BAL x i INT is rounded to the current display setting INT 0 for period 0 in Begin mode INT INT with sign of PMT PRIN PMT INT BALnew BALold PRIN INTnew INTold INT PRINnew PRINold PRIN 180 B More A...

Page 183: ... amount of the cash flow for group j nj TIMES the cash flow occurs for group j k the group number of the last group of cash flows N J L n total number of cash flows prior to group j 1 I j k NPV CFo L CFj x USPV i nj x SPPV i Nj j 1 When NPV 0 the solution for i is IRR NFV NPV x SPFV i N where N NUS TOTAL NPV USPV i N k L nj x CFj j O k L n j 1 J B More About HP 18C Calculations 181 ...

Page 184: ...n number of items in the list x an element of the sorted list TOTAL Xi MEAN x Xi n MEDIAN Xj I for odd n where j n 1 2 xi Xj l n for even n where j 2 2 Xi X 2 STDEV V n 1 RANGE MAX MIN 182 B More About HP 18C Calculations ...

Page 185: ...Bx LOG Y A B In x Y A B In x PWR Y AxB Let Xi X n SX2 Xi X 2 In Y In A B In x Yi Y n SY2 Yi y 2 SXY Xi X Yi Y Then B SXY SX2 A a LIN LOG models A ea EXP PWR models where a Y B X CORR SXY ySX2 x SY2 Xi Yi xi Yi xi In Yi In x Yi In xi In y B More About HP 18C Calculations 183 ...

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Page 187: ...atteries If you have just purchased the HP 18C and are installing the batteries for the first time you can take as long as you d like to complete these procedures However if you are replacing batteries you should keep in mind that there is a time limit for completing these procedures if you want to preserve the information you have stored inside the calculator Con tinuous Memory Once the battery c...

Page 188: ... Hold the calculator with the battery compartment door facing up To remove the battery compartment door slide it towards the back of the calculator away from the product label Figure C 1 Removing the Battery Compartment Door 4 Tip the calculator to remove the old batteries 5 Insert three new batteries Orient the batteries as shown on the diagram on the back of the calculator Be certain to observe ...

Page 189: ...esetting the Calculator If the calculator fails to respond to keystrokes or if it is otherwise be having unusually you should attempt to reset it Resetting the calculator halts the current calculation clears the calculator line and displays the MAIN menu To reset the calculator hold down the ION I key while you press the third menu key from the left It may be necessary to repeat the reset keystrok...

Page 190: ...all formulas you ve entered into the SOLVE formula list and their user variables Clears all number lists including their names Clears all appointments Sets the calculator to certain default settings month day year date format 12 hour time format 2 decimal places period deci mal point and printer tracing off Erasing Continuous Memory does not affect the current time and date To erase Continuous Mem...

Page 191: ...ring alpha mode switching to certain menus storing numbers and formulas naming lists and creating custom menus Here are some suggestions for dealing with this situation 1 Whenever the message is displayed you should complete any arithmetic calculations you were in the process of doing in the calculator line press 0 or 1CLEAR I This frees the memory that was being used to store each of the numbers ...

Page 192: ...141f2 bytes per list 91f2 bytes for each flow entry flow amount and TIMES 211f2 bytes per list 8 bytes for each item 1 byte 1 byte for each character in the name 1 byte for each character in the formula spaces are counted as characters 1 byte for each character in the formula name 151f2 bytes for each variable 1 bytes for each character in the variable name Numbers 8 bytes 1 byte for each characte...

Page 193: ...s The ac curacy of the clock crystal is affected by temperature physical shock humidity and aging Optimum accuracy is maintained at 25 C 77 F Environmental Limits In order to maintain product reliability you should observe the fol lowing temperature and humidity limits of the HP 18C Operating temperature 0 to 45 C 32 to 113 F Storage temperature 20 to 65 C 40 to 149 F Operating and storage humidit...

Page 194: ... provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential instal lation there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation In the unlikely event that there is interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the HP 18C off and on or by removing the batteries you are encour aged to correct the interference by one or mo...

Page 195: ...mber 14 1984 France Radio Frequency Interference The HP 18C has been tested together with its Hewlett Packard printer and complies with all French radio frequency non interference standards for Class B limits Should you use equipment that is not manufactured or recommended by Hewlett Packard that system configuration still has to comply with these requirements Air Safety Notice U S A The HP 18C an...

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Page 197: ...errors that occur on the cal culator line and other types of errors for example if you attempt an unallowed procedure or if the HP 18C is not able to do a calculation with its built in formulas using your data Messages for math errors on the calculator line start with the word ERROR The error messages are listed in alphabetical order CURRENT LIST UNNAMED NAME OR CLEAR THE LIST Attempt to GET anoth...

Page 198: ...Attempt to take the square root of a negative number EF F 0 F UtWEF FLO l An internal result in a calculation was too small for the HP 18C to handle EF F OF t lEG Attempt to raise 0 to a negative power These errors can occur during forecasting calculations Attempt to calculate a logarithmic forecasting model with a negative or zero x value Attempt to calculate an exponential forecasting model with...

Page 199: ...s INSUFFICIENT DATA Attempt to do curve fitting with only one named SUM list in memory Attempting to do curve fitting using an XLIST in which all the x values are identical Attempting to calculate standard deviation with only one value in the list INSUFFICIENT MEMOPY The calculator has insufficient memory available to do the operation you ve specified Refer to Managing Calculator Memory on page 18...

Page 200: ...reted as a proper date I t 1VAL I D FORMULA The solver cannot interpret the formula It JALI D INPUT Attempt to store into a built in variable a number that is outside the range of values permitted for that variable The number entered cannot be interpreted as a proper time The alarm repeat interval is out of range Attempt to enter a non integer negative number or alphabetic characters when specifyi...

Page 201: ...gns of the numbers are correct If the values of PY PMT and FV are correct the calculation is too com plex for the TVM menu You may be able to perform the calculation using the CFLO menu calculate IRR MANY OF NO SOLUTIONS I t 1PUT GUESS STO I F F The calculation of IRR is complex and requires you to store a guess Refer to page 170 NAME ALF EADY USED The list name or formula name you ve attempted to...

Page 202: ...or addtional information Ut jDERFLO l Warning a calculator line result is too small for the HP 18C to handle UNEQUAL LIST LENGTHS Attempt to do a curve fitting calculation using lists of unequal lengths VALID REGISTERS 0 3 You pressed STO Ior RCL Ifollowed by a number other than 0 through 3 When the HP 18C displays the message OVERFLOW or UNDERFLOW during a calculator line operation it is a warnin...

Page 203: ...abel in the MAIN menu Menu labels for variables are enclosed in boxes to illus trate how they are used L I___ JI Variable used to store and or calculate values C __ Variable used to calculate or display values cannot be used to store values I 7 Variable used to store values cannot be used to calcu L _ _ J late values E Menu Maps 201 ...

Page 204: ...u Map FIN I TVM ICONV CFLO I EFFCT CaNT I I I j I INOM I N5Mo 1 IEFFo 3 CALC INSRT DELET NAME GET I NEW Names of Lists I I YRI IPMTI OTHER I I I PjY BEG END AMRT I I I I I p C fi BAL NEXT TABLE 202 E Menu Maps ...

Page 205: ...OTL MU C MU P I I I I J OLD NEW CH coST PRICE M C TOTAL PARTl T COST RICE SUM Menu Map SUM I I I CALC INSRT DELET NAME GET I Names of Lists I I SORT FRCST MORE I LIN Name of Lists Select X variable LOG EXP PWR M P E Menu Maps 203 ...

Page 206: ...TIME Menu Map TIME I I CALC APPT ADJST SET I I I I I I I HR HR MIN MIN SEC SEC APPT1 APPT2 APPT3 APPT4 APPT5 APPT6 I I OAT TIME AjPM MSG RPT HELP I I I I I NONE I HR DAY WEEK 204 E Menu Maps ...

Page 207: ...SOLVE Menu Map SOLVE I I CALC EDIT DELET I 9Jstom menu of User Variables MATH Menu Map MATH I I I I LOG 10 X LN EXP N PI E Menu Maps 205 ...

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Page 209: ...u 120 Alarms acknowledging 121 cleared 122 clearing 122 editing 121 memory used by 190 messages 119 120 121 past due 122 setting 119 121 123 Algebraic rules of formulas 142 143 key 43 ALOe function 144 Alphabetic annunciator 23 33 Alphabetic keys 23 24 AM PM format 115 116 Amortization calculations 66 69 definition 55 formulas 180 schedule calculating 67 table printing 156 157 variables clearing 6...

Page 210: ...7 annunciator 185 life 185 Beeping for error messages 31 IGItI key 57 Begin mode 58 59 Blank keys beneath display 25 30 208 Index ImIi3I key in DELET menu 135 136 Brightness of the display changing 15 Built in variables definition 30 E1B key 26 BUS menu 47 Business variables clearing 53 Buy option for a lease 74 76 c EI i1DI key in CFLO menu 82 in SOLVE menu 130 in SUM menu 96 100 in TIME menu 116...

Page 211: ...aringing SUM lists 96 clearing TVM variables 60 clearing user variables 132 clearing variables 31 in SOLVE 136 1 QI key 22 24 Clearing alarms 122 123 amortization variables 67 calculator line 22 calculator memory 188 189 date arithmetic variables 126 display 23 31 general business variables 53 ICONV variables 78 markup on cost variables 53 markup on price variables 53 menus 31 number lists 31 114 ...

Page 212: ...ition 117 for alarms 120 210 Index DATE function 144 Date in the past for future 126 ID i1iII key 124 125 milD key 124 125 Day month year format 117 118 Day of the week determining 124 IDI iI key 124 125 Days between two dates 125 DDAYS function 144 Decimal places 17 43 Decimal point 17 44 IDEL I key 24 IDDiI key for deleting numbers from lists 110 in CFLO menu 82 in SUM menu 96 in SOLVE 130 135 1...

Page 213: ...layed during cal culation 171 for IRR entering 170 171 for the solver displayed during calculation 173 178 for the solver entering 138 141 IEXIT I key 27 30 EXOR operator 148 key 42 103 EXP function 144 EXPM1 function 144 Exponential model 102 103 Exponential numbers 44 45 Exponentiation 33 34 F FACT function 144 Factorial 42 Factorial function in SOLVE 144 key 26 56 Final cash flow FV 57 _ key 43...

Page 214: ...x ICONV formulas 181 menu 77 78 variables clearing 78 IDlY function 144 IF keyword used in logical expres sions 148 149 Individual Retirement Account 71 72 Initial cash flow 84 IINPUT I key used to complete calculations 33 used with number lists 85 97 98 key 24 Inserting characters 24 IIBBliD key in CFLO menu 82 for inserting numbers in lists 110 in CFLO menu 82 in SUM menu 96 InstalJing batteries...

Page 215: ...9 List formula 129 I IIiI key 154 155 List name clearing 114 displayed in GET menu 111 112 viewing 112 List pointer in CFLO list 81 83 85 in formula list 129 in SUM lists 96 97 moving 86 98 130 Lists See also Number lists clearing 31 printing 155 key 42 LN function 144 LNP1 function 144 Loans amortizing 66 69 calculations 60 69 with an odd first period 145 147 key 42 103 LOG function 144 Logarithm...

Page 216: ... IIiIm key 47 50 MU C menu formula 179 using 50 51 IIJ EIiI key 47 51 IIJ EIiI key 51 214 Index MU P menu formula 179 using 50 51 Multiplication in arithmetic 21 33 34 in formulas 128 143 N N non integer 57 71 key 57 key 42 key 82 111 112 Names of lists displayed in GET menu 111 112 viewing 112 Names of user variables 142 Naming formulas 134 Naming number lists 111 112 Natural antilogarithm functi...

Page 217: ...141 Option to buy for a lease 74 76 OR operator 148 IiIm3 key 56 57 OTHER menu 56 57 Overdue alarms see Past due alarms p _ key 77 key 66 67 156 Parentheses in arithmetic calculations 37 in formulas 142 143 key 50 Partial period payments 57 Past dates calculating 126 Past due alarms acknowledging 122 definition 119 122 Payment mode changing 57 clearing 60 definition 57 58 Payment mode message 56 P...

Page 218: ...variables 155 1 PRNT 1 key 154 156 Purchase price in mortgage calcula tions 62 63 PY rounded in amortization calcula tions 43 216 Index key 57 key 103 key 57 R Radio frequency interference 192 193 Radix decimal point 17 IEl iImI key 100 Range of numbers 95 Rate of return periodic 86 1 RCL 1 key used with registers 39 41 used with variables 30 40 Recalling numbers from registers 39 41 stored in var...

Page 219: ...lver 127 149 creating custom menus 127 128 130 how it works 137 138 calculations 137 139 171 178 functions 144 145 multiple solutions in 137 using 127 149 EIDD key 100 Specifying the number of decimal places 43 SPFV function 145 179 179 SQRT function 145 Square root calculating 36 function in SOLVE 145 Squaring a number 36 Standard deviation 95 100 182 IBi1iI key 156 Statistics calculations 100 10...

Page 220: ...47 TOTL menu 49 50 IIZIiI key 152 154 Trace print mode 152 153 TRN function 145 Troubleshooting 163 165 True population standard deviation 100 Truncating function in SOLVE 145 Turning the calculator on and off 15 218 Index IIIfIJI key 117 TVM calculations 55 79 formula 180 menu 56 58 variables clearing 59 Typing alphabetic characters 23 24 u Unacknowledged alarms 119 122 Up arrow key 38 User varia...

Page 221: ...Characters II IiEI key 42 Drill key 117 Emil key 124 125 365 day calendar 124 key 124 125 IIimB key 82 IIDaI key 48 EmI key 47 48 CHG menu formula 179 using 47 48 _ key 50 EIIiIiI key 47 TOTL menu formula 179 using 49 50 key 66 67 156 111m key 57 TIMES in CFLO lists 84 85 Index 219 ...

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Page 223: ...gree The manual is well organized I can find the information I want The information in the manual is accurate I can easily understand the instructions The manual contains enough examples The examples are appropriate and helpful The layout and format are attractive and useful 234 5 234 5 234 5 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 The illustrations are clear and helpful 2 3 4 5 The manual length is too l...

Page 224: ...PERMIT NO 33 CORVALLIS OR POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Hewlett Packard Company ATTN Documentation Department Portable Computer Division 1000 N E Circle Blvd Corvallis OR 97330 U S A NO POSTAGE NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES ...

Page 225: ... Oregon 97330 503 757 2004 8 00 a m to 3 00 p m Pacific time Appendix A describes how to determine if the calculator requires service Appendix A also contains important information about obtaining service If the calculator requires service mail it to the Calculator Service Center Hewlett Packard Calculator Service Center 1030 N E Circle Blvd Corvallis OR 97330 U S A Telephone 503 757 2002 For info...

Page 226: ... of Money 5 Cash Flow Calculations 6 Running Total and Statistics Calculations 7 Working With Number Lists 8 Time Alarms and Date Arithmetic 9 The Formula Solver 10 Printing A Customer Support Warranty and Service B More About HP 18C Calculations C Caring for and Using Your Calculator D Error Messages E Menu Maps Index FliiiW HEWLETT PACKARD Reorder Number 00018 90001 00018 90002 Printed in Ca na ...