HP NW280-200X User Manual Download

Page: 299 / 555

Functions and commands

293

returns

120

Combination

The number of combinations (without regard to order) of

things taken

at a time.

COMB(n,r)

Example: Suppose you want to know how many ways five

things can be combined two at a time.

COMB(5,2)

returns

10.

Permutation

Number of permutations (with regard to order) of

things

taken

at a time.

PERM (n,r)

Example: Suppose you want to know how many permutations

there are for five things taken two at a time.

PERM(5,2)

returns

20.

Random

Number

Random number. With no argument, this function returns a

random number between zero and one. With one integer

argument

, it returns a random number between 0 and

With three integer arguments,

, and

, returns

random

number between

and

RANDOM

RANDOM(a)

RANDOM(n,a,b)

Integer

Random integer. With one integer argument

, it returns a

random integer between 0 and

. With three integer

arguments,

, and

, returns

random integers between

and

RANDINT(a)

RANDINT(n,a,b)

Normal

Random real number with normal distribution N(





RANDNORM(





)

Seed

Sets the seed value on which RAND() operates

By specifying

the same seed value on two or more calculators, you ensure

that the same random numbers appear on each calculator

when RAND() is executed.

RANDSEED(value)

Summary of Contents for NW280-200X

Page 1: ...HP Prime Graphing Calculator User Guide ...

Page 2: ...t limited to the implied warranties of merchantability non infringement and fitness for a particular purpose Hewlett Packard Company shall not be liable for any errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this manual or the exam ples contained herein Product Regulatory Environment Information Product Regulatory and Environment Informati...

Page 3: ... Development Company L P Reproduction adaptation or translation of this manual is prohibited without prior written per mission of Hewlett Packard Company except as allowed under the copyright laws Printing History Edition 1 May 2013 ...

Page 4: ......

Page 5: ...g text 20 Math keys 20 Menus 25 Toolbox menus 26 Input forms 26 System wide settings 27 Home settings 27 Specifying a Home setting 31 Mathematical calculations 32 Choosing an entry type 33 Entering expressions 34 Reusing previous expressions and results 36 Storing a value in a variable 39 Complex numbers 40 Sharing data 40 Online Help 42 2 Reverse Polish Notation RPN History in RPN mode 44 Sample ...

Page 6: ...mary of menu buttons 86 Common operations in Plot Setup view 86 Configure Plot view 86 Common operations in Numeric view 90 Zoom 90 Evaluating 92 Custom tables 93 Numeric view Summary of menu buttons 94 Common operations in Numeric Setup view 95 Combining Plot and Numeric Views 96 Adding a note to an app 96 Creating an app 97 App functions and variables 99 5 Function app Getting started with the F...

Page 7: ...aming 176 Entering content 177 Copy and paste 180 External references 180 Referencing variables 181 Buttons and keys 183 Formatting options 184 Spreadsheet functions 186 9 Statistics 1Var app Getting started with the Statistics 1Var app 187 Entering and editing statistical data 191 Computed statistics 194 Plotting 195 Plot types 196 Setting up the plot Plot Setup view 197 Exploring the graph 197 1...

Page 8: ...wo Sample Z Interval 230 One Proportion Z Interval 231 Two Proportion Z Interval 232 One Sample T Interval 232 Two Sample T Interval 233 12 Solve app Getting started with the Solve app 235 One equation 235 Several equations 239 Limitations 240 Solution information 240 13 Linear Solver app Getting started with the Linear Solver app 243 Menu items 245 14 Parametric app Getting started with the Param...

Page 9: ...275 Quadratic Explorer app 277 Trig Explorer app 280 20 Functions and commands Keyboard functions 285 Math menu 288 Numbers 288 Arithmetic 289 Trigonometry 291 Hyperbolic 292 Probability 292 List 297 Matrix 297 Special 297 CAS menu 298 Algebra 299 Calculus 299 Solve 302 Rewrite 304 Integer 306 Polynomial 307 Plot 311 App menu 312 Function app functions 312 Solve app functions 313 Spreadsheet funct...

Page 10: ...ables 380 Statistics 1Var app variables 381 Statistics 2Var app variables 383 Inference app variables 385 Parametric app variables 387 Polar app variables 387 Finance app variables 388 Linear Solver app variables 388 Triangle Solver app variables 389 Linear Explorer app variables 389 Quadratic Explorer app variables 389 Trig Explorer app variables 389 Sequence app variables 390 22 Units and consta...

Page 11: ...alog 438 Creating a new program 441 The Program Editor 441 The HP Prime programming language 450 The User Keyboard Customizing key presses 455 App programs 459 Program commands 464 Commands under the Tmplt menu 465 Block 465 Branch 465 Loop 466 Variable 470 Function 470 Commands under the Cmds menu 470 Strings 470 Drawing 473 Matrix 480 App Functions 482 Integer 483 I O 485 More 489 Variables and ...

Page 12: ... 524 Modifying configurations 524 To change a configuration 524 Deleting configurations 524 A Glossary B Troubleshooting Calculator not responding 531 To reset 531 To restore factory settings 531 If the calculator does not turn on 531 Operating limits 532 Status messages 532 C Product Regulatory Information Federal Communications Commission Notice 535 European Union Regulatory Notice 537 Index 541...

Page 13: ... key for that function or character Sh initiates the natural exponential function and Az inserts the pound character The name of the shifted function may also be given in parentheses after the key combination SJ Clear SY Setup A key pressed to insert a digit is represented by that digit 5 7 8 etc All fixed on screen text such as screen and field names appear in bold CAS Settings XSTEP Decimal Mark...

Page 14: ...s manual and specifically disclaims the implied warranties and conditions of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and Hewlett Packard Company shall not be liable for any errors or for incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this manual and the examples herein 1994 1995 1999 2000 2003 2006 2010 2013 Hewlett Packard Development Compa...

Page 15: ...ther to help you explore parametric equations There are also apps to help you solve systems of linear equations and to solve time value of money problems The HP Prime also has its own programming language you can use to explore and solve mathematical problems Functions commands apps and programming are covered in detail later in this guide In this chapter the general features of the calculator are...

Page 16: ...when charging the calculator stop charging and contact HP immediately Adapter Warning To reduce the risk of electric shock or damage to equipment only plug the AC adapter into an AC outlet that is easily accessible at all times To reduce potential safety risks only use the AC adapter provided with the calculator a replacement AC adapter provided by HP or an AC adapter purchased as an accessory fro...

Page 17: ...nctions To display CAS view pressK Protective cover The calculator is provided with a slide cover to protect the display and keyboard Remove the cover by grasping both sides of it and pulling down You can reverse the slide cover and slide it onto the back of the calculator This will ensure that you do not misplace the cover while you are using the calculator To prolong the life of the calculator a...

Page 18: ...he object could be a parameter expression list matrix line of programming code etc The menu buttons are options that are relevant to the current display These options are selected by tapping the corresponding menu button Only a labeled button has a function You close a menu without making a selection from it by pressing J Annunciators Annunciators are symbols or characters that appear in the title...

Page 19: ...be entered in lowercase when a key is pressed See Adding text on page 20 for more information Yellow The user keyboard is active All the following key presses will enter the customized objects associated with the key See The User Keyboard Customizing key presses on page 455 for more information Yellow The user keyboard is active The next key press will enter the custom ized object associated with ...

Page 20: ... also type the first one or two letters of an app s name to highlight the app Then either tap the app s icon or press E to open it Sometimes a touch or key touch combination is available For example you can deselect a toggle option either by tapping twice on it or by using the arrow keys to move to the field and then tapping a touch button along the bottom of the screen in this case Note that you ...

Page 21: ...y works in applications that feature zooming such as where graphs are plotted In other applications pinching will do nothing or do something other than zooming For example in the Spreadsheet app pinching will change the width of a column or the height of a row The keyboard The numbers in the legend below refer to the parts of the keyboard described in the illustration below the legend Number Featu...

Page 22: ... started 12 Menu and Paste key 13 CAS and CAS preferences key 14 View and Copy key 15 Escape and Clear key 16 Help key 17 Rocker wheel for cursor movement Number Feature 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 13 14 12 15 16 10 17 ...

Page 23: ...to display a pop up menu These buttons have square corners along their top such as in the illustration above command button tap to initiate a command These buttons have rounded corners such as in the illustration above Entry and edit keys The primary entry and edit keys are Keys Purpose N to r Enter numbers O or J Cancels the current operation or clears the entry line E Enters an input or executes...

Page 24: ...ys a palette of comparison operators and Bool ean operators Sr Special symbols palette Displays a palette of common math and Greek characters Sc Automatically inserts the degree minute or second symbol accord ing to the context C Backspace Deletes the character to the left of the cursor It will also return the highlighted field to its default value if it has one SC Delete Deletes the character to ...

Page 25: ...acters select one tap and continue likewise before pressing There are many pages of characters You can jump to a particular Unicode block by tapping and selecting the block You can also flick from page to page Keys Purpose Continued Key Purpose S Press S to access the operations printed in blue on a key For instance to access the settings for Home view press SH A Press the A key to access the char...

Page 26: ...mmon math functions have their own key on the keyboard or a key in combination with the S key Keys Effect A Makes the next character upper case AA Lock mode makes all characters uppercase until the mode is reset S With uppercase locked makes the next character lowercase AS Makes the next character lowercase ASA Lock mode makes all characters lowercase until the mode is reset S With lowercase locke...

Page 27: ... that you enter operands and operators just as you would if you were writing the expression on paper If your preferred entry mode is Reverse Polish Notation the order of entry is different See chapter 2 Reverse Polish Notation RPN starting on page 43 Math template The math template key F helps you insert the framework for common calculations and for vectors matrices and hexagesimal numbers It disp...

Page 28: ...g to it and pressing E A similar palette the relations palette is displayed if you press Sr The palette displays operators useful in math and programming Again just tap the character you want Other math shortcut keys include d Pressing this key inserts an X T or N depending on what app you are using This is explained further in the chapters describing the apps Similarly pressing Sc enters a degree...

Page 29: ...exagesimal format that is in units subdivided into groups of 60 This includes degrees minutes and seconds as well as hours minutes and seconds For example enter to see the decimal result 1 375 Now press S c to see 1 22 30 Press S c again to return to the decimal representation The HP Prime will produce the best approximation in cases where an exact result is not possible Enter to see the decimal a...

Page 30: ... This is simpler to work with than 50 000 or 0 000 000321 To enter numbers like these use the B functionality This is easier than using s10k Example Suppose you want to calculate First select Scientific as the number format 1 Open the Home Settings window SH 2 Select Scientific from the Number Format menu 3 Return home H 4 Enter 4BQ13 s6B23n 3BQ5 5 Press E The result is 8 0000E15 This is equivalen...

Page 31: ...he menu to immediately display the last item in the menu Press when you are at the bottom of the menu to immediately display the first item in the menu Press S to jump straight to the bottom of the menu Press S to jump straight to the top of the menu Enter the first few characters of the item s name to jump straight to that item Enter the number of the item shown in the menu to jump straight to th...

Page 32: ...our data and tap There is no need to tap first If a field allows you to choose an item from a menu you can tap on it the field or the label for the field tap on it again to display the options and tap on the item you want You can also choose an item from an open list by pressing the cursor keys and pressing E when the option you want is highlighted If a field is a toggle field one that is either s...

Page 33: ...s CAS settings control how calculations are done in the computer algebra system CAS settings are discussed in chapter 3 Although Home settings control the apps you can override certain Home settings once inside an app For example you can set the angle measure to radians in the Home settings but choose degrees as the angle measure once inside the Polar app Degrees then remains the angle measure unt...

Page 34: ...ll precision display Fixed Displays results rounded to a number of decimal places If you choose this option a new field appears for you to enter the number of decimal places For example 123 456789 becomes 123 46 in Fixed 2 format Scientific Displays results with an exponent one digit to the left of the decimal point and the specified number of decimal places For example 123 456789 becomes 1 23E2 i...

Page 35: ...evaluates what has already been entered Integers Sets the default base for integer arithmetic binary octal decimal or hex You can also set the number of bits per integer and whether inte gers are to be signed Complex Choose one of two formats for displaying complex numbers a b or a b i Language Choose the language you want for menus input forms and the online help Decimal Mark Dot or Comma Display...

Page 36: ...mat For example is displayed as 4 5 6 2 in algebraic format Menu Display This setting determines whether the commands on the Math and CAS menus are presented descriptively or in common mathematical shorthand The default is to provide the descriptive names for the functions If you prefer the functions to be presented in mathematical shorthand deselect this option Time Set the time and choose a form...

Page 37: ...ity starting on page 519 Page 4 Page 4 of the Home Settings input form is for configuring your HP Prime to work on a wireless network Visit www hp com support for further information Specifying a Home setting This example demonstrates how to change the number format from the default setting Standard to Scientific with two decimal places 1 Press SH Settings to open the Home Settings input form The ...

Page 38: ...al calculations The most commonly used math operations are available from the keyboard see Math keys on page 20 Access to the rest of the math functions is via various menus see Menus on page 25 Note that the HP Prime represents 1 10 499 as well as all numbers smaller than this as zero The largest number displayed is 9 99999999999 10499 A greater result is displayed as this number Where to start T...

Page 39: ...ur entry is always one dimensional Advanced RPN where RPN stands for Reverse Polish Notation Not available in CAS view The arguments of the depression are entered first followed by the operator The entry of an operator automatically evaluates what has already been entered Thus you will need to enter a two operator expression as in the example above in two steps one for each operator Step 1 5 h the...

Page 40: ...e function You can also enter a function by using the alpha keys to spell out its name When you have finished entering the expression press E to evaluate it If you make a mistake while entering an expression you can delete the character to the left of the cursor by pressing C delete the character to the right of the cursor by pressing SC clear the entire entry line by pressing O or J Example Calcu...

Page 41: ...ivided by 3 The following examples show the use of parentheses and the use of the cursor keys to move outside a group of objects enclosed within parentheses Algebraic precedence The HP Prime calculates according to the following order of precedence Functions at the same level of precedence are evaluated in order from left to right 1 Expressions within parentheses Nested parentheses are evaluated f...

Page 42: ...story but it is not strictly necessary when you are entering the expression You can though enter the operator if you wish as was done in the examples on page 35 The result will be the same Large results If the result of a calculation is too long to fit on the display line in history you can press to scroll the display to the right Pressing scrolls the display to the left If the result is too tall ...

Page 43: ... to the most recent entry Using the clipboard Your last four expressions are always copied to the clipboard and can easily be retrieved by pressing SZ This opens the clipboard from where you can quickly choose the one you want Note that expressions and not results are available from the clipboard Note too that the last four expressions remain on the clipboard even if you have cleared history To re...

Page 44: ...ed You can repeat the previous calculation simply by pressing E This can be useful if the previous calculation involved Ans For example suppose you want to calculate the nth root of 2 when n is 2 4 8 16 32 and so on 1 Calculate the square root of 2 Sj2E 2 Now enter Ans SjS E This calculates the fourth root of 2 3 Press E repeatedly Each time you press the root is twice the previous root The last a...

Page 45: ...s Example To assign 2 to to the variable A Szj AaE Your stored value appears as shown at the right If you then wanted to multiply your stored value by 5 you could enter Aas5E You can also create your own variables in Home view For example suppose you wanted to create a variable called ME and assign 2 to it You would enter Szj AQAcE A message appears asking if you want to create a variable called M...

Page 46: ...art y is the imaginary part and i is the imaginary constant x y x iy or x iy To enter i press ASg or press Sy There are 10 built in variables available for storing complex numbers These are labeled Z0 to Z9 You can also assign a complex number to a variable you create yourself To store a complex number in a variable enter the complex number press enter the variable that you want to assign the comp...

Page 47: ...nnector must be inserted into the USB port on the sending calculator with the micro B connector inserted into the USB port on the receiving calculator General procedure The general procedure for sharing objects is as follows 1 Navigate to the screen that lists the object you want to send This will be the Application Library for apps the List Catalog for lists the Matrix Catalog for matrices the Pr...

Page 48: ...elp initially provided is context sensitive that is it is always about the current view and its menu items For example to get help on the Function app press I select Function and press W From within the help system you can navigate to other help topics You can find help on any key view or command And tapping displays a hierarchical directory of all the help topics ...

Page 49: ...ic entry mode Advanced RPN where RPN stands for Reverse Polish Notation The arguments of the expression are entered first followed by the operator The entry of an operator automatically evaluates what has already been entered Thus you will need to enter a two operator expression as in the example above in two steps one for each operator Step 1 5 h the natural logarithm of 5 is calculated and displ...

Page 50: ...CAS history is discussed in chapter 3 The two histories in Home view are non RPN visible if you have chosen algebraic or textbook as your preferred entry technique RPN visible only if you have chosen RPN as your preferred entry technique The RPN history is also called the stack As shown in the illustration below each entry in the stack is given a number This is the stack level number As more calcu...

Page 51: ...r that only the result of the previous calculation is copied to the entry line the calculation that produced that result is copied as well and becomes part of the new calculation This is so regardless of the method chosen to copy the item Note that while you can copy an item from the CAS history to use in a Home calculation and copy an item from the Home history to use in a CAS calculation you can...

Page 52: ...but it is not an appropriate argument for that operator For example pressing f when there is a string on level 1 displays an error message An operator or function will work only on the minimum number of arguments necessary to produce a result Thus if you enter on the entry line 2 4 6 8 and press s stack level 1 shows 48 Multiplication needs only two arguments so the two arguments last entered are ...

Page 53: ...he bottom the screen To see these items you must first select an item in history PICK Copies the selected item to stack level 1 The item below the one that is copied is then highlighted Thus if you tapped four times four consecutive items will be moved to the bottom four stack levels levels 1 4 ROLL There are two roll commads Tap to move the selected item to stack level 1 This is similar to PICK b...

Page 54: ...UPN Duplicates all items between and including the highlighted item and the item on stack level 1 If for example you have selected the item on stack level 3 selecting DUPN duplicates it and the two items below it places them on stack levels 1 to 3 and moves the items that were duplicated up to stack levels 4 to 6 Echo Places a copy of the selected result on the entry line and leaves the source res...

Page 55: ...Reverse Polish Notation RPN 49 2 Press C Delete all items To delete all items thereby clearing the history press SJ ...

Page 56: ...50 Reverse Polish Notation RPN ...

Page 57: ...S offers many hundreds of functions covering algebra calculus equation solving polynomials and more You select a function from the CAS menu one of the Toolbox menus discussed in chapter 20 Functions and commands beginning on page 283 Consult that chapter for a description of all the CAS functions and commands CAS view CAS calculations are done in CAS view CAS view is almost identical to Home view ...

Page 58: ...book modes All the keys work in the same way in CAS view as Home view The primary difference is that the default display of answers is symbolic rather than numeric You can also use the template key F to help you insert the framework for common calculations and for vectors and matrices This is explained in detail in Math template on page 21 The most commonly used CAS functions are available from th...

Page 59: ...x 3 1 With the CAS menu open select Calculus and then Integrate The function int appears on the entry line 2 Between the parentheses enter 5ASsjw 6oASso 1o3 3 Press E Settings Various settings allow you to configure how the CAS works To display the settings press SK The modes are spread across two pages Page 1 Setting Purpose Angle Measure Select the units for angle measure ments Radians or Degree...

Page 60: ...eger in a non CAS environment will be converted to an integer in the CAS Real num bers not equivalent to integers are treated as real numbers in CAS whether or not this option is selected Exact If checked the calculator is in exact mode and solutions will be symbolic If not checked the calcu lator is in approximate mode and solutions will be approximate For example 26n5 yields in exact mode and 5 ...

Page 61: ...tions to trigonometric func tions will be displayed Increasing If checked polynomials will be displayed with increasing powers for example 4 x 3x2 x3 If not checked polynomials will be dis played with decreasing powers for example x3 3x2 x 4 Setting Purpose Cont Setting Purpose Recursive Evaluation Specify the maximum number of embedded variables allowed in an interactive evaluation See also Recur...

Page 62: ... screen see Home settings on page 27 To use an expression or result from Home view When your are working in CAS you can retrieve an expres sion or result from Home view by tapping Z and selecting Get from Home Home view opens Press or until the item you want to retrieve is highlighted and press E Epsilon Any number smaller than the value specified for epsilon will be shown as zero Probability Spec...

Page 63: ...ield different results To use a Home variable in the CAS simply include its name in a calculation For example suppose in Home view you have assigned variable Q to 100 Suppose too that you have assigned variable q to 1000 in the CAS If you are in the CAS and enter 5 q the result is 5000 If had entered 5 Q instead the result would be 500 In a similar way CAS variables can be used in calculations in ...

Page 64: ...58 Computer algebra system CAS ...

Page 65: ...is outlined in the following where the apps are listed in alphabetical order App name Use this app to Advanced Graphing Explore the graphs of symbolic open sentences in x and y Example Data Streamer Collect real world data from scientific sensors and export it to a statistics app for analysis Finance Solve time value of money TVM problems and amortization problems Function Explore real valued rect...

Page 66: ...n t Polar Explore polar functions of r in terms of an angle Example Quadratics Explorer Explore the properties of quadratic equations and test your knowledge Sequence Explore sequence functions where U is defined in terms of n or in terms of previous terms in the same or another sequence such as and Example and Solve Explore equations in one or more real valued variables and systems of equations E...

Page 67: ...o reset an app You can leave an app at any time and all the data and settings in it are retained When you return to the app you can continue as you left off However if you don t want to use the previous data and settings you can return the app to its default state that is the state it was in when you opened it for the first time To do this 1 Open the Application Library 2 Use the cursor keys to hi...

Page 68: ...have created To delete an app 1 Open the Application Library 2 Use the cursor keys to highlight the app 3 Tap 4 Tap to confirm your intention Other options The other options available in the Application Library are Enables you to save a copy of an app under a new name See Creating an app on page 97 Enables you to send an app to another HP Prime See Sharing data on page 40 App views Most apps have ...

Page 69: ...outlined in the next six sections Note that the DataStreamer app is not covered in this chapter See HP StreamSmart 410 User Guide for information about this app Symbolic view The table below outlines what is done in the Symbolic view of each app App Use the Symbolic view to Advanced Graphing Specify up to 10 open sentences Finance Not used Function Specify up to 10 real valued rectangular function...

Page 70: ...of each app Quadratics Explorer Not used Sequence Specify up to 10 sequence functions Solve Specify up to 10 equations Spreadsheet Not used Statistics 1Var Specify up to 5 univariate analyses Statistics 2Var Specify up to 5 multivariate analyses Triangle Solver Not used Trig Explorer Not used App Use the Symbolic view to Cont App Use the Polar view to Advanced Graphing Plot and explore the open se...

Page 71: ...r Explore quadratic equations and test your knowledge of them Sequence Plot and explore the sequences selected in Symbolic view Solve Plot and explore a single function selected in Symbolic view Spreadsheet Not used Statistics 1Var Plot and explore the analyses selected in Symbolic view Statistics 2Var Plot and explore the analyses selected in Symbolic view Triangle Solver Not used Trig Explorer E...

Page 72: ...ify the appearance of plots and the plot environment Quadratics Explorer Not used Sequence Modify the appearance of plots and the plot environment Solve Modify the appearance of plots and the plot environment Spreadsheet Not used Statistics 1Var Modify the appearance of plots and the plot environment Statistics 2Var Modify the appearance of plots and the plot environment Triangle Solver Not used T...

Page 73: ... View a table of numbers generated by the functions selected in Symbolic view Polar View a table of numbers generated by the functions selected in Symbolic view Quadratics Explorer Not used Sequence View a table of numbers generated by the sequences selected in Symbolic view Solve Enter the known values and solve for the unknown value Spreadsheet Enter numbers text formulas etc The Numeric view is...

Page 74: ... Geometry Not used Inference Not used Linear Explorer Not used Linear Solver Not used Parametric Specify the numbers to be calculated according to the functions specified in Symbolic view and set the zoom factor Polar Specify the numbers to be calculated according to the functions specified in Symbolic view and set the zoom factor Quadratics Explorer Not used Sequence Specify the numbers to be cal...

Page 75: ...bolic view The Symbolic view of the Polar app is where you define or specify the polar equation you want to plot and explore In this example we will plot and explore the equation 3 Define the equation by entering 4Szf n2 f jE This equation will draw symmetrical petals provided that the angle measure is set to radians The angle measure for this app is set in the Symbolic Setup view Symbolic Setup v...

Page 76: ...t setup parameters Plot Setup View 7 Press SP 8 Set the second RNG field to 4 by entering 4Sz 9 Press P to return to Plot view and see the complete plot Numeric View The values generated by the equation can be seen in Numeric view 10 Press M Suppose you want to see just whole numbers for in other words you want the increment between consecutive values in the column to be 1 You set this up in the N...

Page 77: ...detail in this section Functionality that is available only in a particular app is described in the chapter dedicated to that app Symbolic view is typically used to define a function or open sentence that you want to explore by plotting and or evaluating In this section the term definition will be used to cover both functions and open sentences Press Y to open Symbolic view Add a definition With t...

Page 78: ...keyboard To enter 2X2 3 just press 2AXjw3 From user variables If for example you have created a variable called COST you could incorporate that into a definition either by typing it or choosing it from the User menu one of the sub menus of the Variables menu Thus you could have a definition that reads F1 X X2 COST To select a user variable press a tap select User Variables and then select the vari...

Page 79: ...2 SIZE L1 It is equivalent to x2 n where n is the number of elements in the list named L1 Size is an option on the List menu which is a sub menu of the Math menu From CAS functions Some of the functions on the CAS menu can be incorporated into a definition The CAS menu is one of the Toolbox menus D The following definition incorporates the CAS function irem F5 X X2 CAS irem 45 7 irem is entered by...

Page 80: ...tions It is a dependent definition and can be evaluated If you highlight F3 X and tap F3 X becomes 2 X2 X 2 X2 1 Select or deselect a definition to explore In the Advanced Graphing Function Parametric Polar Sequence and Solve apps you can enter up to 10 definitions However only those definitions that are selected in Symbolic view will be plotted in Plot view and evaluated in Numeric view You can t...

Page 81: ...d Pressing E moves the selection from the definition to the colored square and from the colored square to the definition 2 tap 3 Select the desired color from the color picker Delete a definition To delete a single definition 1 Tap once on it or highlight it using the cursor keys 2 Press C To delete all the definitions 1 Press SJ 2 Tap or press E to confirm your intention ...

Page 82: ...raphing only Enters an X in the Advanced Graphing app You can also press d Advanced Graphing only Enters an Y in the Advanced Graphing app Parametric only Enters the independent variable in the Parametric app You can also press d Polar only Enters the independent variable in the Polar app You can also press d Sequence only Enters the independent variable in the Sequence app You can also press d So...

Page 83: ...fic or Engineering option on the Number Format menu displays a second field for you to enter the required number of significant digits You could also select a field tap and select the new setting Restore default settings To restore default settings is to return precedence to the settings on the Home Settings screen To restore one field to its default setting 1 Select the field 2 Press C To restore...

Page 84: ...ng in divides the scale by the factor so that a shorter scale distance appears on the screen Zoom factors To change the default zoom factors 1 Open the Plot view of the app P 2 Tap to open the Plot view menu 3 Tap to open the Zoom menu 4 Scroll and select Set Factors The Zoom Factors screen appears 5 Change one or both zoom factors 6 If you want the plot to be centered around the current position ...

Page 85: ...et Factors option explained on page 78 For instance if both zoom factors are 4 then zooming in results in 1 4 as many units depicted per pixel Shortcut press Out Multiplies the horizontal and vertical scales by the X Zoom and Y Zoom settings Shortcut press w X In Divides the horizontal scale only using the X Zoom setting X Out Multiplies the horizontal scale only using the X Zoom setting Y In Divi...

Page 86: ... vertical axis so that the display shows a representative piece of the plot given the supplied x axis settings For Sequence and Statistics apps autoscaling rescales both axes The autoscale process uses the first selected function to determine the best scale to use Decimal Rescales both axes so each pixel is 0 1 units This is equivalent to resetting the default values for XRNG and YRNG Integer Resc...

Page 87: ...sult is shown at the right Any zoom operation you undertake will be applied only to the copy of the plot in the right hand half of the screen This will help you test and then choose an appropriate zoom Note that you can replace the original plot on the left with the zoomed plot on the right by tapping To un split the screen press P Zoom examples The following examples show the effects of the zoomi...

Page 88: ...82 An introduction to HP apps Zoom Out Out Shortcut press w X In X In X Out X Out Y In Y In Y Out Y Out ...

Page 89: ...d to it The Square zoom has returned the plot to its default state where the X and Y scales are equal Autoscale Autoscale Decimal Decimal Notice that in this example the plot on left has had a X In zoom applied to it The Decimal zoom has reset the default values for the x range and y range Integer Integer Trig Trig ...

Page 90: ...a plot is drawn To select a plot If there is more than one plot displayed press or until the trace cursor is on the plot you are interested in To evaluate a definition One of the primary uses of the trace functionality is to evaluate a plotted definition Suppose in Symbolic view you have defined F1 X as X 1 2 3 Suppose further that you want to know what the value of that function is when X is 25 1...

Page 91: ...a function in Numeric view see page 92 Moreover any expression you define in Symbolic view can be evaluated in Home view For example suppose F1 X is defined as x 1 2 3 If you enter F1 4 in Home view and press E you get 6 since 4 1 2 3 6 To turn tracing on or off To turn off tracing tap To turn on tracing tap If these options are not displayed tap When tracing is off pressing the cursor keys no lon...

Page 92: ...re the appearance of Plot view and to set the method by which graphs are plotted The Button Purpose Displays a menu of zoom options See Zoom options on page 78 A toggle button for turning off and turning on trace functionality See Trace on page 84 Displays an input form for you to specify a value you want the cursor to jump to The value you enter is the value of the independent variable Function o...

Page 93: ...o be plotted Note that here are two fields one for the minimum and one for the maximum value TSTEP Parametric only Sets the increment between consecutive T values RNG Polar only Sets the range of angle values to be plotted Note that here are two fields one for the minimum and one for the maximum value STEP Polar only Sets the increment between consecutive angle values SEQPLOT Sequence only Sets th...

Page 94: ...the minimum and one for the maximum value In Plot view the range can be changed by panning and zooming XTICK Sets the increment between tickmarks on the x axis YTICK Sets the increment between tickmarks on the y axis Setup field Purpose Cont Setup field Purpose AXES Shows or hides the axes LABELS Places values at the ends of each axis to show the current range of values GRID DOTS Places a dot at t...

Page 95: ...p the plotting process if you wish fixed step segments this method samples x values computes their corresponding y values and then plots and connects the points fixed step dots this works like fixed step segments method but does not connect the points Restore default settings Scope Advanced Graphing Function Parametric Polar Sequence Solve Statistics 1 Var Statistics 2Var Geometry To restore one f...

Page 96: ...eric view Zoom Unlike in Plot view zooming in Numeric view does not affect the size of what is displayed Instead it changes the increment between consecutive values of the independent variable that is the NUMSTEP setting in the Numeric Setup view see page 95 Zooming in decreases the increment zooming out increases the increment The row that was highlighted before the zoom remains unchanged For the...

Page 97: ...ose a zoom option from the Views menu V while you are in Numeric view Plot view is displayed with the plots zoomed accordingly In other words the zoom options on the Views menu apply only to Plot view Zooming in Numeric view automatically changes the NUMSTEP value in the Numeric Setup view Zoom keys There are two zoom keys pressing zooms in and pressing w zooms out The extent of the scaling is det...

Page 98: ...ve values of the independent variable becomes the current value divided by the NUMZOOM setting Shortcut press Out The increment between consecutive values of the independent variable becomes the current value multiplied by the NUMZOOM setting Shortcut press w Decimal Restores the default NUMSTART and NUMSTEP values 0 and 0 1 respectively Integer The increment between consecutive values of the inde...

Page 99: ...g These settings are explained in Common operations in Numeric Setup view on page 95 However you can choose to build your own table where just the values you enter appear as independent variables 1 Open Numeric Setup view SM 2 Choose BuildYourOwn from the NUMTYPE menu 3 Open Numeric view Numeric view will be empty 4 In the independent column the left most column enter a value of interest 5 Tap 6 I...

Page 100: ... page 93 BuildYourOwn only To create a new row above the currently highlighted cell with zero as the independent value You can immediately start typing a new value Only visible if NUMTYPE is set to BuildYourOwn See Custom tables on page 93 BuildYourOwn only To sort the values in the selected column in ascending or descending order Move the cursor to the column of interest tap select Ascending or D...

Page 101: ... and increment automatic table or to based on particular numbers for the independent variable that your specify build your own table the NUMTYPE field set the zoom factor for zooming in or out on the table displayed in Numeric view the NUMZOOM field Modifying Numeric Setup Select the field you want to change and either specify a new value or if you are choosing a type of table for Numeric view aut...

Page 102: ...lso enter a value in the X column The table scrolls to that value and the tracing cursor jumps to the corresponding point on the selected plot To combine Plot and Numeric view in a split screen press V and select Split Screen Plot Table To return to Plot view pressM To return to Numeric view by pressing M Adding a note to an app You can add a note to an app Unlike general notes those created via t...

Page 103: ...er problem and return to the customized app at any time with all its data still in place For example you could create a customized version of the Sequence app that enables you to generate and explore the Fibonacci series You could continue to use the built in Sequence app to build and explore other sequences and return as needed to your special version of the Sequence app when you next want to exp...

Page 104: ... Any data already in the built in app is retained and you can return to it later by opening the Sequence app 3 In the Name field enter a name for your new app say Fibonacci and press E twice Your new app is added to the Application Library Note that it has the same icon as the parent app Sequence but with the name you gave it Fibonacci in this example 4 If you want to clear the new app of any data...

Page 105: ...nd variables Functions App functions are used in HP apps to perform common calculations For example in the Function app the Plot view Fcn menu has a function called SLOPE that calculates the slope of a given function at a given point The SLOPE function can also be used from the Home view or a program For example suppose you want to find the derivative of x2 5 at x 2 One way using an app function i...

Page 106: ...e its value Or you can include the variable in an expression that you are building For example if you wanted to calculate the square root of the mean computed in the Statistics 1Var app you would first press Sj follow steps 1 to 3 above and then press E See appendix A Glossary beginning on page 527 for a complete list of app variables Qualifying variables You can qualify the name of any app variab...

Page 107: ...An introduction to HP apps 101 ...

Page 108: ...102 An introduction to HP apps ...

Page 109: ...n app by stepping you through an example More complex functionality is described in chapter 4 An introduction to HP apps beginning on page 59 Getting started with the Function app The Function app uses the customary app views Symbolic Plot and Numeric described in chapter 4 For a description of the menu buttons available in this app see Symbolic view Summary of menu buttons on page 76 Plot view Su...

Page 110: ...lic expressions defined here Define the expressions There are 10 fields for defining functions These are labelled F1 X through F9 X and F0 X 2 Highlight the field you want to use either by tapping on it or scrolling to it If you are entering a new expression just start typing If you are editing an existing expression tap and make your changes When you have finished defining or changing the express...

Page 111: ... and are described in detail in Common operations in Symbolic view on page 71 Set up the plot You can change the range of the x and y axes and the spacing of the tick marks along the axes 6 Display Plot Setup view SP Setup For this example you can leave the plot settings at their default values If your settings do not match those in the illustration above press SJ Clear to restore the default valu...

Page 112: ...he plot as you press the buttons Note too that the coordinates of the cursor appear at the bottom of the screen and change as you move the cursor 10 Move the tracing cursor from the linear function to the quadratic function or 1 1 Trace the quadratic function or Again notice how the coordinates of the cursor appear at the bottom of the screen and change as you move the cursor Tracing is explained ...

Page 113: ...f an axis Zoom options with numerous examples are explained in more detail in Zoom on page 78 Display Numeric view 12 Display the Numeric view M The Numeric view displays data generated by the expressions you defined in Symbolic view For each expression selected in Symbolic view Numeric view displays the value that results when the expression is evaluated for various x values Set up Numeric view 1...

Page 114: ...in detail in Custom tables on page 93 14 Press SJ Clear to reset all the settings to their defaults 15 Make the Numeric view settings match the axes range in Plot view Tap For example if you have zoomed in on the plot in Plot view so that the visible x range is now 4 to 4 this option will set NUMSTART to 4 Explore Numeric view 16 Re display Numeric view M To navigate around a table 17 Using the cu...

Page 115: ...ult value is 4 Thus if the current increment that is the Num Step value is 0 4 zooming in will further divide that interval by four smaller intervals So instead of x values of 10 10 4 10 8 11 2 etc the x values will be 10 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 etc Zooming out does the opposite 10 10 4 10 8 11 2 etc becomes10 11 6 13 2 14 8 16 4 etc Other options As explained on page page 94 you can also change the s...

Page 116: ...a quadratic equation can have more than one root you will need to move the cursor closer to the root you are interested in than to any other root In this example you will find the root of the quadratic close to where x 3 1 If it is not already selected select the quadratic equation or 2 Press or to move the cursor near to where x 3 3 Tap and select Root The root is displayed at the bottom of the s...

Page 117: ...he trace cursor You can move this tracing cursor using the cursor keys if you need finer precision To find an intersection of the two functions Just as there are two roots of the quadratic equation there are two points at which both functions intersect As with roots you need to position your cursor closer to the point you are interested in In this example the intersection close to x 1 will be dete...

Page 118: ...ction point 1 Tap to re display the menu tap and select Slope The slope that is the gradient of the function at the intersection point is displayed at the bottom of the screen You can press or to trace along the curve and see the slope at other points You can also press or to jump to another function and see the slope at points on it 2 Press to re display the Plot menu To find the signed area betw...

Page 119: ... two functions is shaded 6 To display the numerical value of the integral tap 7 Tap to return to the Plot menu Shortcut When the Goto option is available you can display the Go To screen simply by typing a number The number you type appears on the entry line Just tap to accept it To find the extremum of the quadratic 1 To calculate the coordinates of the extremum of the quadratic equation move the...

Page 120: ...gned to a variable These variables are named Root Isect for Intersection Slope SignedArea Extremum The result of each new analysis overwrites the previous result For example if you find the second root of a quadratic equation after finding the first the value of Root changes form the first to the second root To access Function variables The Function variables are available in Home view and in the ...

Page 121: ...et the current value of SignedArea multiplied by three Function variables can also be made part of a function s definition in Symbolic view For example you could define a function as x2 x Root The full range of variables and their use in calculations is covered in detail in chapter 21 Variables beginning on page 373 ...

Page 122: ...Slope to find the numeric derivative of the current function at the current position of the tracing cursor The result is saved in a variable named Slope Signed area Select Signed area to find the numeric integral If there are two or more expressions checkmarked then you will be asked to choose the second expression from a list that includes the x axis Select a starting point and an ending point Th...

Page 123: ... or neither You can plot conic sections polynomials in standard or general form inequalities and functions The following are examples of the sorts of open sentences you can plot 1 x2 3 y2 5 1 2 2x 3y 6 3 y MOD x 3 4 5 x2 4x 4 6 1 0 The illustrations below show what these open sentences look like when plotted x 2 y 2 5 2 sin 8 y x atan sin Example 1 Example 2 ...

Page 124: ...e in this app see Symbolic view Summary of menu buttons on page 76 Plot view Summary of menu buttons on page 86 and Numeric view Summary of menu buttons on page 94 The Trace option in the Advanced Graphing app works differently than in other apps and is described in detail in this chapter In this chapter we will explore the rotated conic defined by Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 x 2 2 7xy...

Page 125: ...t to give one or more open sentence a custom color when it is plotted evaluate a dependent function deselect a definition that you don t want to explore incorporate variables math commands and CAS commands in a definition For the sake of simplicity we can ignore these operations in this example However they can be useful and are described in detail in Common operations in Symbolic view on page 71 ...

Page 126: ...n page 86 for more information about setting the appearance of plots Plot the selected definitions 5 Plot the selected definitions P Explore the graph 6 Display the Plot view menu items Note that you have otions to zoom trace go to a specified x or y value and display the definition of the selected graph You can use the zoom and split screen functionality discussed in chapter 5 A special feature o...

Page 127: ...to save screen space Trace a graph This functionality is not available as of build 3015 Display the Numeric view 11 Press M to display the Numeric view Unlike in many other apps the Numeric view in the Advanced Graphing app does not give a table of values generated by the definitions selected in Symbolic view Instead for various combinations of x and y Numeric view shows whether the open sentence ...

Page 128: ...e Note that in Numeric view zooming does not affect the size of what is displayed Instead it changes the Num Step setting that is the increment between consecutive x values Zooming in decreases the increment zooming out increases the increment This is further explained in Zoom on page 90 You can also choose whether the table of data in Numeric view is automatically populated or whether it is popul...

Page 129: ...ut the objects in Plot view Plot Setup view for customizing the appearance of Plot view Symbolic Setup view for overriding certain system wide settings There is no Numeric Setup view in this app To open the Geometry app press I and select Geometry The app opens in Plot view Getting started with the Geometry app The following example shows how you can graphically represent the derivative of a curve...

Page 130: ... 3seASsE Note that x must be entered in lowercase in the Geometry app If your graph doesn t resemble the illustration at the right adjust the X Rng and Y Rng values in Plot Setup view SP We ll now add a point to the curve a point that will be constrained always to follow the contour of the curve Add a constrained point 6 Tap and select Point On Choosing Point On rather than Point means that the po...

Page 131: ...o select point B If there is only one point on the screen pressing E automatically selects it If there is more than one point a menu will appear asking you to choose a point 14 With point B selected use the cursor keys to move it about Note that whatever you do point B remains constrained to the curve Moreover as you move point B the tangent moves as well If the moves off the screen you can always...

Page 132: ...r in which they appear in Symbolic view Since we are about to create a new point that is dependent on the attributes of GB and GC it is important that we place its definition after that of both GB and GC That is why we made sure we were at the bottom the list of definitions before tapping If our new definition appeared higher up in Symbolic view the point we are about to create wouldn t be drawn i...

Page 133: ... exact derivative to three decimal places and which we can display in Plot view Add some calculations 22 Press M Numeric view is where you enter calculations 23 Tap 24 Tap and choose Measure slope 25 Between parentheses add the name of the tangent namely GC and tap Notice that the current slope is calculated and displayed The value here is dynamic that is if the slope of the tangent changes in Plo...

Page 134: ...ected by choosing each one and pressing 32 Press P to return to Plot view Notice that your new calculations are displayed 33 Press E and choose point GB 34 Use the cursor keys to move point B along the graph Note that with each move the results of the calculations shown at the top left of the screen change Trace the derivative Point D is the point whose ordinate value matches the derivative of the...

Page 135: ...or example to draw a circle tap and select Circle Now tap where you want the center of the circle to be and press E Next tap a point that is to be on the circumference and press E A circle is drawn with a center at the location of your first tap and with a radius equal to the distance between your first tap and second tap Creating or selecting an object always involves at least two steps tap and p...

Page 136: ...g Each geometric object you create is given a name In the example shown on page 129 note that the circle has been named C Each defining point is also been named the center point has been named A and the point tapped to set the radius of the circle has been named B It is not only the points that define a geometric object that are given a name Every component of the object that has any geometric sig...

Page 137: ...t of all the points appears Select the one you want to move then tap on the new location for it and press E You can also press the arrow keys to move a selected point A point can be selected directly by tapping on it If the bottom right of the screen shows the name of the point you have accurately tapped the point otherwise the pointer coordinates are shown indicating that the point is not selecte...

Page 138: ... Press J Removing fill To remove the fill from an object 1 Press Z 2 Select Fill with Color The Select Object menu appears 3 Select the object Undoing You can undo your last addition or change to Plot view by pressing t However you must have keyboard shortcuts activated for this to work See page 135 Clearing an object To clear one object select it and tap C Note that an object is distinct from the...

Page 139: ... confirm your intention to do so Tap to clear the app or to keep the app as it is Moving about the Plot view You can pan by dragging a finger across the screen either up down left or right You can also use the cursor keys to pan once the cursor is at the edge of the screen Zooming You can zoom using touch gestures see page 3 or by tapping and choosing a zoom option The zoom options are the same as...

Page 140: ...lt vertical range As well as changing this range on the Geometry Plot Setup screen you can change it by panning and zooming Axes A toggle option to hide or reshow the axes in Plot view Keyboard shortcut a Tools for creating various types of curves and plots See Curve on page 146 Tools for geometric transformations of vari ous kinds See Geometric transformations on page 148 C Deletes a selected obj...

Page 141: ...bled the following shortcuts become available Key Result in Plot view a Hide or reshow the axes F Selects the circle drawing tool Follow the instructions on the screen or see page 146 c Erases all trace lines see page 142 g Selects the intersection drawing tool Fol low the instructions on the screen or see page 142 j Selects the line drawing tool Follow the instructions on the screen or see page 1...

Page 142: ...rcle is you could enter area GC and press E The CAS is explained in chapter 3 N O T E Calculations referencing geometry variables can only be made in the CAS or in the Numeric view of the Geometry app explained below on page 138 They cannot be made in Home view You can change the definition of an object by selecting it tapping and altering one or more of its defining parameters The object is modif...

Page 143: ...her to move it down the list or to move it up Hiding an object To prevent an object displaying in Plot view deselect it in Symbolic view 1 Highlight the item to be hidden 2 Tap Repeat the procedure to make the object visible again Deleting an object As well as deleting an object in Plot view see page 132 you can delete an object in Symbolic view 1 Highlight the definition of the object you want to...

Page 144: ...ric view in detail Numeric view M enables you to do calculations in the Geometry app The results displayed are dynamic if you manipulate an object in Plot view or Symbolic view any calculations in Numeric view that refer to that object are automatically updated to reflect the new properties of that object Consider circle C in the illustration at the right To calculate the area and radius of C 1 Pr...

Page 145: ... The radius is displayed Note that the syntax used here is the same as you use in the CAS to calculate the properties of geometric objects The Geometry functions and their syntax are described in Geometry functions and commands on page 151 8 Press P to go back to Plot view Now manipulate the circle is some way that changes its area and radius For example select the center point A and use the curso...

Page 146: ...objects just by tapping specifying the object s name For example you can get the exact coordinates of a point by entering the point and pressing E Another example if you can get the formula for a line just by entering its name or the center point and radious of a circle just by entering the name of the circle Displaying calculations in Plot view To have a calculation made in Numeric view appear in...

Page 147: ...tool is still active by the presence of on screen help in the top left side corner of the screen help such as Hit Point 1 The steps provided in this section are based on touch entry For example to add a point the steps will tell you to tap on the screen where you want the point to be However you can also use the cursor keys to position the cursor where you want the point to be and then press E The...

Page 148: ...point tool and pressing E adds a point midway between the ends of that object In he case of a circle the midpoint is created at the circle s center Intersection Tap one of the two intersecting objects and press E Tap the other object and press E A point is created at one of the points of intersection Keyboard shortcut g More Trace Displays a list of points for you to choose the one you want to tra...

Page 149: ...identically Note that an intersections object is created in Symbolic view even if the two objects selected do not intersect Random pts Displays a palette for you to choose to add 1 2 3 or 4 points The points are placed randomly Line Segment Tap where you want one endpoint to be and press E Tap where you want the other endpoint to be and press E A segment is drawn between the two end points Keyboar...

Page 150: ...he same at another point A line is drawn perpendicular to the imaginary line between the two points and equidistant from both points If you are drawing a perpendicular bisector to a segment choose the segment first and then select Perp Bisector from the Line menu The bisector is drawn immediately without you having to select any points Just press E to save the bisector Parallel Tap on a point P an...

Page 151: ... Hexagon Produces a regular hexagon that is one with sides of equal length Tap at each vertex pressing E after each tap Special Eq triangle Produces an equilateral triangle Tap at one vertex and press E Tap at another vertex and press E The location of the third vertex is automatically calculated and the triangle is drawn Square Tap at one vertex and press E Tap at another vertex and press E Tap a...

Page 152: ... B are on the circumference Ellipse Tap at one focus point and press E Tap at the second focus point and press E Tap at point on the circumference and press E Hyperbola Tap at one focus point and press E Tap at the second focus point and press E Tap at point on one branch of the hyperbola and press E Parabola Tap at the focus point and press E Tap either on a line the directrix or a point the vert...

Page 153: ...on vertex and then draw a circle tangent both to these lines and to the third side of the triangle you have an excircle Tap at each vertex of the triangle pressing E after each tap The excircle is drawn tangent to the side defined by the last two vertices tapped In the example at the right the last two vertices tapped were A and C or C and A Thus the excircle is drawn tangent to the segment AC Loc...

Page 154: ...r you to transform a geometric object in Plot view Translation Translation is moving each point of an abject the same distance and in the sam direction You create a vector to indicate the distance and direction of the translation choose the object to be translated and copy of the object to moved in line with the vector Suppose you want to move circle B at the right down a little and to the right 1...

Page 155: ...that is mirror line and press E 3 Tap the object that is to be reflected across the symmetry axis and press E The object is reflected across the symmetry axis defined by the point created at step 2 Dilation Dilation is a transformation where an object is enlarged or reduced by a given factor around a given center point The factor is sometimes referred to as the homothetic ratio or scale factor and...

Page 156: ...w Broken as at May 18 More Projection Creates an projection of the points on one object onto another object The projection is orthogonal that is each projected point meets the object onto which it is projected at right angles 1 Tap and select Projection 2 Tap the object onto which points are to be projected and press E 3 Tap the object that is to projected and press E Note the new points added to ...

Page 157: ...rate the reciprocation point and press E In the example at the right point H is the reciprocation of line G on circle C Geometry functions and commands The list of geometry specific functions and commands in this section covers those that can be found by tapping in both Symbolic and Numeric view and those that are only available from the Catlg menu The sample syntax provided has been simplified Ge...

Page 158: ...menu Point barycenter barycenter point1 coeff1 draws the barycenter of point1 with weight coeff1 barycenter Pnt Real Pnt Real Pnt Real center Gives the coordinates of the center of circle A center A division_point Returns the point M such that z a k z b and z affix of M MA k MB division_point Pnt or Cplx a Pnt or Cplx b Cplx k element Shows a point chosen on a curve or a real chosen in an interval...

Page 159: ...thocenter Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx point A point za resp A point a b c draws a point of affix za resp of coordinates a b c with the legend A point Cplx za Vect point2d Defines at random the coordinates between 5 and 5 of the 2 d points given as argument point2d SeqVar A B C trace Turns on tracing of the specified point Line DrawSlp Draws a line with slope m going through the point a b D...

Page 160: ...t or Cplx line line A B or line a x b y c 0 or line a x b y c z d 0 aa x bb y cc z dd 0 draws the line AB in the plane or in the 3D space line A slope m draws the line going through A with slope m or of equation the argument in the plane or in 3D space line Pnt Cplx Eq Pnt slope Var median_line median_line A B C draws the median line through A of the triangle ABC median_line Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cpl...

Page 161: ...d perpendicular Pnt or Line Line or Plan segment segment A B draws the segment AB segment Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Var Var tangent tangent C A draws the tangents line or plane to C through A tangent Curve C Pnt A Polygon equilateral_triangle equilateral_triangle A B resp equilateral_triangle A B P draws the direct equilateral triangle ABC of side AB resp in the half plane ABP equilateral_triangle P...

Page 162: ...nd 1 point of the plane if n 0 isopolygon Pnt Pnt Pnt Intg n parallelogram Returns and draws the parallelogram ABCD such as vector AB vector AD vector AC parallelogram Pnt A Cplx Pnt B Cplx Pnt C Cplx Var D polygon Returns and draws the polygon where its vertices are the element of l polygon LstPnt LstCplx quadrilateral Returns and draws the quadrilateral ABCD quadrilateral Pnt A Cplx Pnt B Cplx P...

Page 163: ...t P k Var C square Returns and draws the square of side AB ABCD is direct in the plane ABP square Pnt A or Cplx Pnt B or Cplx Pnt P Var C Var D triangle triangle A B C draws the triangle ABC triangle Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Curve Function Defines a function plot plotfunc Expr circle Define for 2 d a circle with a diameter arg2 Point or with center and radius arg2 Complex abs arg2 radiu...

Page 164: ...onic si deg p 2 excircle excircle A B C draws the A excircle of the ABC triangle excircle Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx hyperbola hyperbola F1 F2 M hyperbola focus F1 F2 through M or MF1 MF2 2 a geo2d and hyperbola p x y draws the conic if deg p 2 hyperbola Focus F1 Focus F2 Pnt M or Real a incircle incircle A B C draws the incircle of the ABC triangle incircle Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Pnt or...

Page 165: ...k Pnt A inversion inversion C k A point A1 such as A1 on line C A and mes_alg CA1 CA k inversion Pnt C Real k Pnt A isobarycenter Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx projection projection C A is the orthogonal projection of A on the curve C projection Curve Pnt reflection reflection D C or reflection A C symmetrical of C in the symmetry line D or sym point A reflection Pnt A or Line D Pnt C or Cur...

Page 166: ...ength of a vector abscissa A or abscissa vector affix Gives the affix of a point that is its coordinates expressed as a complex number or the affix of a vector affix A or affix vector angle Calculates the angle made by AB and AC angle A B C arcLen Returns the length of the arc of the curve defined by y Xpr or by x Xpr1 y Xpr2 when the parameter values are between a and b arcLen Expr Xpr or Lst Xpr...

Page 167: ...int and a curve distance2 Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx or Curve distanceat distanceat A B z0 displays at point z0 with a legend the distance between 2 geometrical objects distanceat GeoObj A GeoObj B Pnt or Cplx distanceatraw distanceatraw A B z0 displays at the point z0 the distance between 2 geometrical objects distanceatraw GeoObj A GeoObj B Pnt or Cplx z0 equation equation returns the cartesian equ...

Page 168: ... are aligned 2 if the points are the same and 0 otherwise is_collinear LstPnt is_concyclic Returns 1 if the points are on a circle and 0 otherwise is_concyclic LstPnt is_conjugate Returns 1 if the 3 resp 4 arguments are conjugated toward a circle resp 2 lines and 0 otherwise is_conjugate Crcle Line Pnt Line Pnt Line Pnt Line is_coplanar Test if 4 points are in the same plane is_coplanar Pnt Pnt Pn...

Page 169: ...wise is_orthogonal Line Crcle Line Crcle is_parallel Returns 1 if 2 lines are parallel and 0 otherwise is_parallel Line or Plan Line or Plan is_parallelogram Returns 1 2 3 or 4 if the 4 points or the object build a parallelogram 2 for a rhombus 3 for a rectangle 4 for a square and 0 otherwise is_parallelogram Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx is_perpendicular Returns 1 if 2 lines are...

Page 170: ...ame as angleat but without providing a legend areaat Displays at point z0 with a legend algebraic area of a circle or of a star polygon e g triangle square areaat Polygon Pnt Cplx z0 areaatraw Displays at point z0 algebraic area of a circle or of a star polygon e g triangle square areaatraw Polygone Pnt Cplx z0 common_perpendicular Draws the common perpendicular of the lines D1 and D2 common_perpe...

Page 171: ...le 0 1 2 returns a green circle of radius 1 display square 0 5 filled blue line_width_6 returns a blue square of sides 5 filled with blue and a of line width of 6 faces Returns the list of the faces 1 face matrix n 3 where the n rows are the n vertices of the face of the polyhedron P faces Polygon or Polyedr P half_cone Draws a half cone with vertex A direction v and with half_angle t and with alt...

Page 172: ...monic Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx is_harmonic_circle_bundle Returns 1 if the circles build a beam 2 if they have the same center 3 if they are the same and 0 otherwise is_harmonic_circle_bundle Lst Crcle is_harmonic_line_bundle Returns 1 if the lines have a common point 2 if they are parallels 3 if they are the same and 0 otherwise is_harmonic_line_bundle Lst Line is_rhombus Re...

Page 173: ...are the element of l open_polygon LstPnt LstCplx orthogonal orthogonal A line B C draws the orthogonal plane of line BC through A and orthogonal A plane B C D draws the orthogonal line of plan B C D through A orthogonal Pnt Line or Plan parallelepiped Draws a parallelepiped with sides AB AC AD the faces are parallelograms parallelepiped Pnt A Pnt B Pnt C Pnt D perimeterat Displays at point z0 with...

Page 174: ...argument of the affix of a point for 2 D or of a complex number or of the the list of rectangular coordinates polar_coordinates Pnt or Cplx or LstRectCoord pole Returns the point having the line as polar with respect to the circle pole Crcle Line polyhedron Draws a convex polyhedron with vertices among the arguments polyhedron SeqPnt A B C powerpc Returns the real number d 2 R 2 d distance between...

Page 175: ...e of the intersections of 2 curves or surfaces or the intersection near A or not in L single_inter Curve Curve Pnt A LstPnt L slopeat slopeat d z0 displays at the point z0 with a legend the value of the slope of the line or segment d slopeat Line Pnt Cplx z0 slopeatraw slopeatraw d z0 displays at point z0 the value of the slope of the line or segment d slopeatraw Line Pnt Cplx z0 sphere sphere A B...

Page 176: ...Vect vertices Returns the list of the vertices of the polygon or polyhedron P vertices Polygon or Polyedr P vertices_abca Returns the closed list A B A of the vertices of the polygon or polyhedron P vertices_abca Polygon or Polyedr P ...

Page 177: ...0 000 rows by 676 columns The app opens in Numeric view There is no Plot or Symbolic view There is a Symbolic Setup view SY that enables you to override certain system wide settings See Common operations in Symbolic Setup view on page 76 Getting started with the Spreadsheet app Suppose you have a stall at a weekend market You sell furniture on consignment for their owners taking a 10 commission fo...

Page 178: ...umn yet 6 Once again select the header of column B 7 Tap and select Name 8 Type COMMIS and tap Note that the heading of column B is now COMMIS 9 It is always a good idea to check your formulas by entering some dummy values and noting if the result is as expected Select cell A1 and make sure that and not is showing in the menu If not tap the button This option means that your cursor automatically s...

Page 179: ... the column 16 Select cell C3 17 Enter a label for your total commission S ANTOTAL COMMISE Note that the column is not wide enough for you to see the entire label in C3 We need to widen column C 18 Select the heading cell for column C tap and select Column An input form appears for you to specify the required width of the column 19 Enter 100 and tap You may have to experiment until you get the col...

Page 180: ...label GOAL in cell E1 You can swipe the screen with a finger or repeatedly press the cursor keys to bring E1 into view 28 Enter 250 in cell F1 This is the minimum profit would want to make on the day 29 In cell C9 enter the label GO HOME 30 In cell D9 enter S D7 F1E You can select from the relations palette Sv What this formula does is place 0 in D9 if you have not reached your goal profit and 1 i...

Page 181: ...e cursor keys by swiping or by tapping and specifying the cell you want to move to You select a cell simply by moving to it You can also select an entire column by tapping the column letter and select an entire row by tapping the row number You can also select the entire spreadsheet just tap on the unnumbered cell at the top left corner of the spreadsheet It has the HP logo in it A block of cells ...

Page 182: ...phabetic component of column names can be uppercase or lowercase except for columns g l m and z These must be in lowercase if not preceded by Thus cell B1 can be referred to as B1 b1 B 1 or b 1 whereas M1 can only be referred to as m1 m 1 or M 1 G L M and Z are names reserved for graphic objects lists matrices and complex numbers Cell naming Cells blocks of cells rows and columns can be named The ...

Page 183: ...a formula Move to the cell you want to add content to and start entering the content as you would in Home view Press E when you have finished You can also enter content into a number of cells with a single entry Just select the cells enter the content for example Row 3 and press E What you enter on the entry line is evaluated as soon as you press E with the result placed in the cell or cells Howev...

Page 184: ...ou want to generate a table of powers squares cubes and so on starting with the squares 1 Tap on the cell with the HP logo in it at the top left corner Alternatively you can use the cursor keys to move to that cell just as you can to select a column or row heading 2 On the entry line type S RowkRCol 1 Note that Row and Col are built in variables They are placeholders for the row number and column ...

Page 185: ...st to x 2 you could enter in a cell S AAROOTAR3wAs jo2E The answer displayed is 1 732 You could also have selected a function from a menu For example 1 Press S 2 Press D and tap 3 Select Polynomial Find Roots Your entry line will now look like this CAS proot 4 Enter the coefficients of the polynomial in descending order separating each with a comma Q1 o0o3 5 Press E to see the result 1 732 Note th...

Page 186: ... built in spreadsheet by entering Spreadsheet A6 Thus the formula 6 Spreadsheet A6 would multiply whatever value is currently in cell A6 in the built in app by 6 If you have created a customized spreadsheet called say Savings you simply refer to it by its name as in 5 Savings A6 An external reference can also be to a named cell as in 5 Savings TOTAL In the same way you can also enter references to...

Page 187: ...our cells in a spreadsheet with V U A and D as formulas As you experiment with different values for these variables in the Solve app the entered and the calculated values are copied to the spreadsheet where further manipulation could be done The variables from other apps includes the results of certain calculations For example if you have plotted a function in the Function app and calculated the s...

Page 188: ...182 Spreadsheet these variables is provided in chapter 21 Variables beginning on page 373 ...

Page 189: ...et See See Formatting options on page 184 Displays an input form for you to specify the cell you want to jump to Sets the calculator to select mode so that you can easily select a block of cells using the cur sor keys It changes to to enable you to deselect cells You can also press hold and drag to select a block of cells or A toggle button that sets the direction the cursor moves after content ha...

Page 190: ...ected cells the gray dotted option represents Auto Align horizontal alignment Auto Left Center Right Align vertical alignment Auto Top Center Bottom Column displays an input form for you to specify the required width of the selected columns only available if you have selected the entire spreadsheet or one or more entire columns You can also change the width of a selected column with an open or clo...

Page 191: ...or example D1 1 returns the name of cell D1 or nothing if D1 has not been named The attributes that can be retrieved in a formulas by referencing its associated parameter are listed below Parameter Attribute Result 1 content contents or empty 2 name name or empty 3 number format Standard 0 Fixed 1 Scientific 2 Engineering 3 4 number of deci mal places 5 font System 0 Small 1 Medium 2 6 textbook mo...

Page 192: ...et functions As well as the functions on the Math CAS and Catlg menus you can use special spreadsheet functions These can be found on the App menu one of the Toolbox menus Press D tap and select Spreadsheet The functions are described on Spreadsheet functions on page 314 Remember to precede a function by an equals sign S if you want the result to automatically update as the values it is dependent ...

Page 193: ...s frequencies You can also compute statistics in Home and recall the values of specific statistics variables The values computed in the Statistics 1Var app are saved in variables and can be re used in Home view and in other apps Getting started with the Statistics 1Var app Suppose that you are measuring the heights of students in a classroom to find the mean height The first five students have the...

Page 194: ...available for one variable statistics H1 H5 If data is entered in D1 H1 is automatically set to use D1 for data and the frequency of each data point is set to 1 You can select other columns of data from the Symbolic view of the app 4 Tap to close the statistics window 5 Press Y to see the data set definitions The first field in each set of definitions is where you specify the column of data that i...

Page 195: ...values first recorded Instead of entering all the new data in D1 we simply add another column D2 that holds the frequencies of our five data points in D1 Menu item Purpose Copies the column variable or vari able expression to the entry line for editing Tap when done Selects or deselects a statistical analysis H1 H5 for exploration Enters D directly to save you having to press two keys Displays the...

Page 196: ...8 If you want to choose a color for the graph of the data in Plot view see Choose a color for plots on page 74 9 If you have more than one analysis defined in Symbolic view deselect any analysis you are not currently interested in 10 Return to Numeric view M 1 1 In column D2 enter the frequency data shown in the table above 5 E 3E 8E 2E 1E Height cm Frequency 160 5 165 3 170 8 175 2 180 1 ...

Page 197: ... view 14 Plot a histogram of the data P Entering and editing statistical data Each column in Numeric view is a dataset and is represented by a variable named D0 to D9 There are three ways to get data into a column Go to Numeric view and enter the data directly See Getting started with the Statistics 1Var app on page 187 for an example Go to Home view and copy the data from a list For example if yo...

Page 198: ... that the data you last entered is still available After entering the data you must define data sets and the way they are to be plotted in Symbolic view Numeric view menu items The menu items you can tap on in Numeric view are Item Purpose Copies the highlighted item into the entry line Inserts a zero value above the highlighted cell Sorts the data in various ways See Sort data values on page 194 ...

Page 199: ...ighlight the cell below where you want to insert a value 2 Tap and enter the value If you just want to add more data to the data set and it is not important where it goes select the last cell in the data set and start entering the new data Generating data You can enter a formula to generate a list of data points for a specified column In the example at the right 5 data points will be placed in col...

Page 200: ...owing results for each dataset selected in Symbolic view When the data set contains an odd number of values the median value is not used when calculating Q1 and Q3 For Statistic Definition n Number of data points Min Minimum value Q1 First quartile median of values to left of median Med Median value Q3 Third quartile median of values to right of median Max Maximum value Sum of data values with the...

Page 201: ...at a time however with the other types you can only plot one at a time To plot statistical data 1 In the Symbolic view select the data sets you want to plot 2 From the Plotn menu s elect the plot type 3 For any plot but especially for a histogram adjust the plotting scale and range in the Plot Setup view If you find histogram bars too fat or too thin you can adjust them by changing the HWIDTH sett...

Page 202: ... the minimum data value The box marks the first quartile the median and the third quartile The right whisker marks the maximum data value The numbers below the plot give the statistic at the cursor You can see other statistics by pressing or Normal probability plot The normal probability plot is used to determine whether or not sample data is more or less normally distributed The more linear the d...

Page 203: ...h enables you to specify the width of a histogram bar This determines how many bars will fit in the display as well as how the data is distributed that is how many values each bar represents Histogram range H Rng enables you to specify the range of values for a set of histogram bars The range runs from the left edge of the leftmost bar to the right edge of the rightmost bar You can limit the range...

Page 204: ...ew buttons menu items The menu items you can tap on in Plot view are Button Purpose Displays the Zoom menu Turns trace mode on or off See Zoom on page 90 Displays the definition of the current statistical plot Shows or hides the menu ...

Page 205: ...uencies You can also compute statistics in Home and in the Spreadsheet app The values computed in the Statistics 2Var app are saved in variables These can be referenced in Home view and in other apps Getting started with the Statistics 2Var app The following example uses the advertising and sales data in the table below In the example you will enter the data compute summary statistics fit a curve ...

Page 206: ...C2 1400E 920E 1 100E 2265E 2890E 2200E Choose data columns and fit In Symbolic view you can define up to five analyses of two variable data named S1 to S5 In this example we will define just one S1 The process involves choosing data sets and a fit type 4 Specify the columns that contain the data you want to analyze Y In this case C1 and C2 appear by default But you could have entered your data int...

Page 207: ...in Plot view see Choose a color for plots on page 74 7 If you have more than one analysis defined in Symbolic view deselect any analysis you are not currently interested in Explore statistics 8 Find the correlation r between advertising time and sales M The correlation is r 0 8995 9 Find the mean advertising time The mean advertising time is 3 33333 minutes x x ...

Page 208: ...hat all the data points are plotted and to select a different data point indicator if you wish SP Setup 100 E 4000 E Plot the graph 12 Plot the graph P Notice that the regression curve that is a curve to best fit the data points is plotted by default Display the equation 13 Return to the Symbolic view Y Note the expression in the Fit1 field It shows that the slope y y ...

Page 209: ...axis represents minutes of advertising and the y axis represents sales However there is no data point for 6 minutes Thus we cannot move the cursor to x 6 Instead we need to predict what y will be when x 6 based on the data we do have To do that we need to trace the regression curve not the data points we have 15 Press or to set the cursor to trace the regression line rather than the data points Th...

Page 210: ... enter the data directly See Getting started with the Statistics 2Var app on page 199 for an example Go to Home view and copy the data from a list For example if you enter L1 C1 in Home view the items in list L1 are copied into column C1 in the Statistics 1Var app Go to Home view and copy the data from a the Spreadsheet app For example suppose the data of interest is in A1 A10 in the Spreadsheet a...

Page 211: ... in every column press SJ Clear select All columns and tap Insert data Highlight the cell below where you want to insert a value Tap and enter the value Button Purpose Copies the highlighted item to the entry line Inserts a new cell above the highlighted cell and gives it a value of 0 Opens an input form for you to choose to sort the data in various ways Displays a menu for you to choose the small...

Page 212: ...ust one column choose None for the dependent column For one variable statistics with two data columns specify the frequency column in the Frequency field 4 Tap Defining a regression model You define a regression model in Symbolic view There are three ways to do so Accept the default option to fit the data to a straight line Choose a pre defined fit type logarithmic exponential and so on Enter your...

Page 213: ... variation Logistic Fits the data to a logistic curve where L is the saturation value for growth You can store a positive real value in L or if L 0 let L be computed automatically Quadratic Fits the data to a quadratic curve y ax2 bx c Needs at least three points Cubic Fits the data to a cubic polynomial Quartic Fits to a quartic polynomial Trigonometric Fits the data to a trigonometric curve Need...

Page 214: ...volving both the independent and dependent columns are shown Tap to see the statistics involving just the independent column or to display the statistics derived from the dependent column Tap to return to the default view The tables below describe the statistics displayed in each view The statistics computed when you tap are 1 5 x cos 0 3 x sin Statistic Definition n The number of data points r Co...

Page 215: ...nued Statistic Definition Mean of x independent values X Sum of x values X2 Sum of x2 values sX The sample standard deviation of the independent column X The population standard deviation of the independent column serrX the standard error of the independent column x Statistic Definition Mean of y dependent values Y Sum of y values Y2 Sum of y2 values sY The sample standard deviation of the depende...

Page 216: ...can then be adjusted later in the Plot Setup view Tracing a scatter plot The figures below the plot indicate that the cursor is at the second data point of S1 at 2 1400 Press to move to the next data point and display information about it Note if you find that the tracer cursor is moving along the regression line rather than from data point to data point press or to select the points and not the l...

Page 217: ... of Plot view The common settings available are discussed in Common operations in Plot Setup view on page 86 The Plot Setup view in the Statistics 2Var app has two additional settings Button Purpose Displays the Zoom menu Turns trace mode on or off Shows or hides a curve that best fits the data points according to the selected regression model Enables you to specify a value on the regression line ...

Page 218: ...data according to the specified fit type You can predict values in the Plot view of the Statistics 2Var app and also in Home view In Plot view 1 In the Plot view tap to display the regression curve for the data set if it is not already displayed 2 Make sure the trace cursor is on the regression curve Press or if it is not 3 Press or The cursor moves along the regression curve and the corresponding...

Page 219: ...lic view Troubleshooting a plot If you have problems plotting check the following The fit that is regression model that you intended to select is the one selected Only those data sets you want to analyze or plot are selected in Symbolic view The plotting range is suitable Try pressing V and selecting Autoscale or adjust the plotting parameters in Plot Setup view Ensure that both paired columns con...

Page 220: ...214 Statistics 2Var app ...

Page 221: ...ence between two means difference between two proportions Example data The Inference app comes with sample data which you can always restore by resetting the app This sample data is useful in helping you gain an understanding app The calculator s on line help provides a description of what the sample data represents Getting started with the Inference app Let s conduct a Z Test on one mean using th...

Page 222: ... one mean Z Int 1 the confidence interval for one mean based on the Normal distribution Z Test 1 2 the Z Test on the differencebetween two means Z Int 1 2 the confidence interval for the difference between two means based on the Normal distribution Z Test 1 the Z Test on one proportion Z Int 1 the confidence interval for one proportion based on the Normal distribution Z Test 1 2 the Z Test on the ...

Page 223: ...ence method If it is not selected tap on the Method field and select it 3 Choose the type of test In this case select Z Test 1 from the Type menu 4 Select an alternative hypothesis In this case select from the Alt Hypoth menu Enter data 5 Go to Numeric view to see the sample data M The table below describes the fields in this view for the sample data 0 Field name Definition Sample mean x ...

Page 224: ...t and the associated critical value s of the statistic Tap to return to Numeric view Plot the test results 7 Display a graphical view of the test results P The graph of the distribution is displayed with the test Z value marked The corresponding X value is also shown Tap to see the critical Z value With the alpha level showing you can press or to decrease or increase the level n Sample size Assume...

Page 225: ... boiling point of a liquid 82 5 83 1 82 6 83 7 82 4 and 83 0 Based on this sample we want to estimate the true boiling point at the 90 confidence level Open the Statistics 1Var app 1 Open the Statistics 1Var app I Select Statistics 1Var Clear unwanted data 2 If there is unwanted data in the app clear it SJ All columns Enter data 3 In column D1 enter the boiling points found during the experiments ...

Page 226: ...ics window Open the Inference app 6 Open the Inference app and clear the current settings I Select Inference SJ Select inference method and type 7 Tap on the Method field and select Confidence Interval 8 Tap on Type and select T Int 1 Import the data 9 Open Numeric view M 10 Specify the data you want to import Tap ...

Page 227: ...erval in the C field Display results numerically 15 Display the confidence interval in Numeric view 16 Return to Numeric view Display results graphically 17 Display the confidence interval in Plot view P You can see that we can be 90 confident that the true boiling point lies between 82 4822 and 83 2843 Hypothesis tests You use hypothesis tests to test the validity of hypotheses about the statisti...

Page 228: ...ics from a single sample this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis The null hypothesis is that the population mean equals a specified value You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis H1 0 H1 0 H1 0 Inputs The inputs are Field name Definition Sample mean n Sample size 0 Hypothetical pop...

Page 229: ...2 You select one of the following alternative hypotheses to test against the null hypothesis H1 1 2 H1 1 2 H1 1 2 Inputs The inputs are Result Description Test Z Z test statistic Test Value of associated with the test Z value P Probability associated with the Z Test statistic Critical Z Boundary value s of Z associated with the level that you supplied Critical Boundary value s of required by the v...

Page 230: ...of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis H1 0 H1 0 H1 0 1 Population 1 standard deviation 2 Population 2 standard deviation Significance level Field name Definition Continued Result Description Test Z Z Test statistic Test Difference in the means associ ated with the test Z value P Probability associated with the Z Test statistic Critical Z Boundary value s...

Page 231: ...lations are equal 0 1 2 You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis H1 1 2 H1 1 2 H1 1 2 Field name Definition x Number of successes in the sample n Sample size 0 Population proportion of successes Significance level Result Description Test Z Z Test statistic Test Proportion of successes in the sample P Probability associated with the Z Test sta...

Page 232: ...sult Description Test Z Z Test statistic Test Difference between the proportions of successes in the two samples that is associated with the test Z value P Probability associated with the Z Test statistic Critical Z Boundary value s of Z associated with the level that you supplied Critical Difference in the proportion of successes in the two samples associated with the level you supplied p p ...

Page 233: ... that the sample mean has some assumed value 0 You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis H1 0 H1 0 H1 0 Inputs The inputs are Results The results are Field name Definition Sample mean s Sample standard deviation n Sample size 0 Hypothetical population mean Significance level x Result Description Test T T Test statistic Test Value of associated...

Page 234: ...is that the two populations means are equal 0 You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis H1 1 2 H1 1 2 H1 1 2 Inputs The inputs are Critical T Boundary value s of T associated with the level that you supplied Critical Boundary value s of required by the value that you supplied Result Description Continued x x Field name Definition Sample 1 mean...

Page 235: ...tion when the true population standard deviation is known Inputs The inputs are Pooled Check this option to pool samples based on their standard deviations Field name Definition Result Description Test T T Test statistic Test Difference in the means associated with the test t value P Probability associated with the T Test statistic DF Degrees of freedom Critical T Boundary values of T associated w...

Page 236: ...population standard deviations 1 and 2 are known Inputs The inputs are n Sample size Population standard deviation C Confidence level Field name Definition Result Description C Confidence level Critical Z Critical values for Z Lower Lower bound for Upper Upper bound for Field name Definition Sample 1 mean Sample 2 mean n1 Sample 1 size n2 Sample 2 size 1 Population 1 standard deviation 2 Populatio...

Page 237: ...n which a sample of size n has a number of successes x Inputs The inputs are Results The results are C Confidence level Field name Definition Result Description C Confidence level Critical Z Critical values for Z Lower Lower bound for Upper Upper bound for Field name Definition x Sample success count n Sample size C Confidence level Result Description C Confidence level Critical Z Critical values ...

Page 238: ...e results are One Sample T Interval Menu name T Int 1 This option uses the Student s t distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the true mean of a population Upper Upper bound for Result Description Field name Definition Sample 1 success count Sample 2 success count n1 Sample 1 size n2 Sample 2 size C Confidence level x1 x2 Result Description C Confidence level Critical Z Critical value...

Page 239: ...fidence interval for the difference between the means of two populations 1 2 when the population standard deviations 1and 2 are unknown Inputs The inputs are Field name Definition Sample mean s Sample standard deviation n Sample size C Confidence level x Result Description C Confidence level DF Degrees of freedom Critical T Critical values for T Lower Lower bound for Upper Upper bound for Result D...

Page 240: ... deviation n1 Sample 1 size n2 Sample 2 size C Confidence level Pooled Whether or not to pool the samples based on their standard deviations Result Definition Result Description C Confidence level DF Degrees of freedom Critical T Critical values for T Lower Lower bound for Upper Upper bound for ...

Page 241: ...als sign Its solution is a root a value for the unknown variable that makes the expression have a value of zero For brevity the term equation in this chapter will cover both equations and expressions Solve works only with real numbers Getting started with the Solve app The Solve app uses the customary app views Symbolic Plot and Numeric described in chapter 4 For a description of the menu buttons ...

Page 242: ...ample if you ve created a variable called ME you could include it in an equation such as this Y 2 G2 ME Functions defined in other apps can also be referenced in the Solve app For example if you have defined F1 X to be X2 10 in the Function app you can enter F1 X 50 in the Solve app to solve the equation X2 10 50 Clear the app and define the equation 2 If you have no need for any equations or expr...

Page 243: ...ue for U This also occurs if a variable has been given a value in some previous calculation in an app or program To reset all pre populated variables to zero press SJ Solve the unknown variable 6 Solve for the unknown variable A Move the cursor to the A field and tap Therefore the acceleration needed to increase the speed of a car from 16 67 m s 60 kph to 27 78 m s 100 kph over a distance of 100 m...

Page 244: ...the number of the selected equation 8 Tap and then Using the cursor keys move the trace cursor along either graph until it nears the intersection Note that the value of A displayed near the bottom left corner of the screen closely matches the value of A you calculated above The Plot view provides a convenient way to find an approximation to a solution when you suspect that there are a number of so...

Page 245: ...o clear the app Define the equations 3 Define the equations AXj AYj S 16E AXwAYS Q1E Make sure that both equations are selected as we are looking for values of X and Y that satisfy both equations Enter a seed value 4 Display Numeric view M Unlike the example above in this example we have no values for any variable You can either enter a seed value for one of the variables or let the calculator pro...

Page 246: ...equation Solutions if found are displayed beside each selected variable Limitations You cannot plot equations if more than one is selected in Symbolic view The HP Prime will not alert you to the existence of multiple solutions If you suspect that another solution exists close to a particular value repeat the exercise using that value as a seed In the example just discussed you will find another so...

Page 247: ...hbours they differ by one in the twelfth digit or the equation is not real valued between the two points Solve returns the point where the value or difference is closer to zero If the equation or expression is continuously real this point is Solve s best approximation of an actual solution Extremum Solve found a point where the value of the expression approximates a local minimum for positive valu...

Page 248: ... es The initial guess lies outside the domain of the equation Therefore the solution was not a real number or it caused an error Constant The value of the equation is the same at every point sampled Message Meaning Continued ...

Page 249: ...hree equation sets for each equation and the app will attempt to solve for x and y and z in three equation sets The HP Prime will alert you if no solution can be found or if there is an infinite number of solutions Getting started with the Linear Solver app The following example defines the following set of equations and then solves for the unknown variables Open the Linear Solver app 1 Open the L...

Page 250: ...u to insert the coefficient of x 6 Enter the coefficient and either tap or press E 3 The cursor moves to the next coefficient Enter that co efficient and either tap or press E Continue doing likewise until you have defined all the equations Once you have entered enough values for the solver to be able to generate solutions those solutions appear near the bottom of the display In this example the s...

Page 251: ...to variables see Storing a value in a variable on page 39 Menu items The menu items are moves the cursor to the entry line where you can add or change a value You can also highlight a field enter a value and press E The cursor automatically moves to the next field where you can enter the next value and press E displays the page for solving a system of 2 linear equations in 2 variables changes to w...

Page 252: ...246 Linear Solver app ...

Page 253: ... menu buttons available in this app see Symbolic view Summary of menu buttons on page 76 Plot view Summary of menu buttons on page 86 and Numeric view Summary of menu buttons on page 94 Throughout this chapter we will explore the parametric equations x T 8sin T and y T 8cos T These equations produce a circle Open the Parametric app 1 Open the Parametric app ISelect Parametric The Parametric app st...

Page 254: ... make your changes When you have finished defining or changing the function press E 3 Define the two expressions 8ed E 8fd E Notice how the d key enters whatever variable is relevant to the current app In the Function app d enters an X In the Parametric app it enters a T In the Polar app discussed in chapter15 it enters 4 Decide if you want to give one or more function a custom color when it is pl...

Page 255: ...e settings are system wide By setting the angle measure in an app rather than Home view you are limiting the setting just to that app Set up the plot 7 Open the Plot Setup view SP Setup 8 Set up the plot by specifying appropriate graphing options In this example set the T Rng and T Step fields so that T steps from 0 to 360 in 5 steps Select the 2nd T Rng field and enter 360 5 Plot the functions 9 ...

Page 256: ...mmon operations in Plot view on page 77 Typically you would modify a plot by changing its definition in Symbolic view However you can modify some plots by changing the Plot Setup parameters For example you can plot a triangle instead of a circle simply by changing two plot setup parameters The definitions in Symbolic view remain unchanged Here is how it is done 10 Press SP Setup 1 1 Change T Step ...

Page 257: ...crolls to the value you entered You can also zoom in or out on the independent variable thereby decreasing or increasing the increment between consecutive values This and other options are explained in Common operations in Numeric view on page 90 You can see the Plot and Numeric views side by side See Combining Plot and Numeric Views on page 96 ...

Page 258: ...252 Parametric app ...

Page 259: ... 59 That chapter also describes the menu buttons used in the Polar app Throughout this chapter we will explore the expression 5 cos 2 cos 2 Open the Polar app 1 Open the Polar app I Select Polar The app opens in Symbolic view Define the function There are 10 fields for defining polar functions These are labelled R1 through R9 and R0 2 Highlight the field you want to use either by tapping on it or ...

Page 260: ...ping and selecting a color from the color picker For more information about adding definitions modifying definitions and evaluating dependent definitions in Symbolic view see Common operations in Symbolic view on page 71 Set angle measure Set the angle measure to radians 5 SY Settings 6 Tap the Angle Measure field and select Radians For more information on the Symbolic Setup view see Common operat...

Page 261: ... Common operations in Plot Setup view on page 86 Plot the expression 9 Plot the expression P Explore the graph 10 Display the Plot view menu A number of options appear to help you can explore the graph such as zoom and trace options using the trace and zoom options You can also jump directly to a particular value by entering that value The Go To screen appears with the number you typed on the entr...

Page 262: ... displays a table of values for and R1 If you had specified and selected more than one polar function in Symbolic view a column of evaluations would appear for each one R2 R3 R4 and so on 12 With the cursor in the column type a new value and tap The table scrolls to the value you entered You can also zoom in or out on the independent variable thereby decreasing or increasing the increment between ...

Page 263: ...is unable to calculate it automatically Typically if the nth term in the sequence depends on n 2 then you must enter the second term The app enables you to create two types of graphs a Stairsteps graph which plots n on the horizontal axis and Un on the vertical axis a Cobweb graph which plots Un 1 on the horizontal axis and Un on the vertical axis Getting started with the Sequence app The followin...

Page 264: ...sequence 1E In the U1 2 field specify the second term of the sequence 1E In the U1 N field specify the third term of the sequence using the buttons at the bottom of the screen to help with some entries E 3 Optionally choose a color for your graph see Choose a color for plots on page 74 Set up the plot 4 Open the Plot Setup view SP Setup 5 Reset all settings to their default values SJ Clear U1 1 U2...

Page 265: ...iew SP and select Cobweb from the Seq Plot menu 10 Plot the sequence P Explore the graph The button gives you access to common plot exploration tools such as Zoom in or out on the plot Trace along a graph Go to a specified N value Display the sequence definition These tools are explained in Common operations in Plot view on page 77 Split screen and autoscaling functionality is also available by pr...

Page 266: ...right shows that the 25th value in the Fibonacci sequence is 75 025 Explore the table of values The button gives you access to common table exploration tools such as Change the increment between consecutive values Change the size of the font Display the sequence definition Choose the number of sequences to display These tools are explained in Common operations in Numeric view on page 90 Split scre...

Page 267: ...tions in Numeric Setup view on page 95 for more information Another example A table of cubes In the following example a table of cubes is created Note that if you are specifying two starting terms as in the Fibonacci example above or one as in the example at the right the rule that generates the sequence must be placed in the Un N field ...

Page 268: ...262 Sequence app ...

Page 269: ...t include savings accounts mortgages pension funds leases and annuities Getting Started with the Finance app Suppose you finance the purchase of a car with a 5 year loan at 5 5 annual interest compounded monthly The purchase price of the car is 19 500 and the down payment is 3 000 First what are the required monthly payments Second what is the largest loan you can afford if your maximum monthly pa...

Page 270: ... to end up with a future value of the loan of 0 6 Move the cursor to the PMT field and tap The PMT value is calculated as 315 17 In other words your monthly payment will be 315 17 The PMT value is negative to indicate that it is money owed by you Note that the PMT value is greater than 300 that is greater than the amount you can afford to pay each month So you ned to re run the calculations this t...

Page 271: ...grams TVM transactions can be represented in cash flow diagrams A cash flow diagram is a time line divided into equal segments representing the compounding periods Arrows represent the cash flows These could be positive upward arrows or negative downward arrows depending on the point of view of the lender or borrower The following cash flow diagram shows a loan from a borrower s point of view ...

Page 272: ...te and generate a return that the same dollar in the future cannot This TVM principle underlies the notion of interest rates compound interest and rates of return There are seven TVM variables Cash flow diagrams also specify when payments occur rela tive to the compound ing periods The diagram to the right shows lease pay ments at the begin ning of the period This diagram shows deposits PMT into a...

Page 273: ...ent value of the initial cash flow To a lender or borrower PV is the amount of the loan to an investor PV is the initial investment PV always occurs at the beginning of the first period P YR The number of payments made in a year PMT The periodic payment amount The payments are the same amount each period and the TVM calculation assumes that no payments are skipped Payments can occur at the beginni...

Page 274: ... 10 5 To determine the balloon payment or future value FV for the mortgage after 10 years enter 120 for N highlight FV and tap The FV field shows 127 164 19 indicating that the future value of the loan that is how much is still owing as 127 164 19 Calculating amortizations Amortization calculations determine the amounts applied towards the principal and interest in a payment or series of payments ...

Page 275: ...alculator displays an amortization table For each amortization period the table shows the amounts applied to interest and principal as well as the remaining balance of the loan Example Amortization for a home mortgage Using the data from the previous example of a home mortgage with balloon payment see page 267 calculate how much has been applied to the principal how much has been paid in interest ...

Page 276: ... by the height of a bar The amount by which the principal has been reduced and interest paid during a payment group is shown at the bottom of the bottom of the screen The example at the right shows the first payment group selected This represents the first group of 12 payments or the state of the loan at the end of the first year By the end of that year the principal had been reduced by 1 676 57 a...

Page 277: ...the lengths of two sides and one of the angles or you could specify two angles and one length or all three lengths In each case the app will calculate the remaining values The HP Prime will alert you if no solution can be found or if you have provided insufficient data If you are determining the lengths and angles of a right angled triangle a simpler input form is available by tapping Getting star...

Page 278: ...nd c and the angles are labeled A B and C It is important that you enter the known values in the appropriate fields In our example we know the length of two sides and the angle at which those sides meet Hence if we specify the lengths of sides a and b we must enter the angle as C since C is the angle where A and B meet If instead we entered the lengths as b and c we would need to specify the angle...

Page 279: ... input form and a simpler specialized form for right angled triangles If the general input form is displayed and you are investigating a right angled triangle tap to display the simpler input form To return to the general input form tap If the triangle you are investigating is not a right angled triangle or you are not sure what type it is you should use the general input form Special cases The in...

Page 280: ...u specified In these cases No sol with given data appears on the screen The situation is similar if you are using the simpler input form for a right angled triangle and you enter more than two values Not enough data If you are using the general input form you need to specify at least three values for the Triangle Solver to be able to calculate the remaining attributes of the triangle If you specif...

Page 281: ...n graph mode you manipulate a graph and note the corresponding changes in its equation In equation mode you manipulate an equation and note the corresponding changes in its graphical representation Each explorer app has a number of equations and graphs for to explore and app has a test mode In test mode you test you skills at matching equations to graphs Linear Explorer app The Linear Explorer app...

Page 282: ...his This means that you can press w and Q If you choose a level 2 equation the screen shows this This means that you can press w and Q Graph mode The app opens in graph mode indicated by the dot on the Graph button at the bottom of the screen In graph mode the and keys translate the graph vertically effectively changing the y intercept of the line Tap to change the magnitude of the increment for v...

Page 283: ...equation to the graph shown Test mode is like equation mode in that you use the cursor keys to select and change the value of each parameter in the equation The goal is to try to match the graph that is shown The app displays the graph of a randomly chosen linear function of the form dictated by your choice of level Tap or to change the level Now press the cursor keys to select a parameter and set...

Page 284: ... keys is the equation the discriminant that is and the roots of the quadratic Graph mode The app opens in graph mode In graph mode you manipulate a copy of the graph using whatever keys are available The original graph converted to dotted lines remains in place for you to easily see the result of your manipulations Four general forms of quadratic equations are available for you to explore Level 1 ...

Page 285: ...test your skill at matching an equation to the graph shown Test mode is like equation mode in that you use the cursor keys to select and change the value of each parameter in the equation The goal is to try to match the graph that is shown The app displays the graph of a randomly chosen quadratic function Tap the Level button to choose between one of four forms of quadratic equation You can also c...

Page 286: ... and degrees as the angle measure for x or toggles between translating the graph and changing its frequency or amplitude You make these changes using the cursor keys enters test mode or toggles the increment by which parameter values change 9 6 4 or 20 30 45 depending on angle measure setting Open the app Press I and select Trig Explorer An equation is shown at the top of the display with its grap...

Page 287: ...tched or shrunk vertically and pressing or changes the frequency of the graph that is it is stretched or shrunk horizontally The or button at the far right of the menu determines the increment by which the graph moves with each press of a cursor key By default the increment is set at or 20 Equation mode Tap to switch to equation mode In equation mode you use the cursor keys to move between paramet...

Page 288: ...eters in the equation The goal is to try to match the graph that is shown The app displays the graph of a randomly chosen sinusoidal function Tap a Level button and so on to choose between one of five types of sinusoidal equations Now press the cursor keys to select each parameter and set its value When you are ready tap to see if you have correctly matched your equation to the given graph Tap to ...

Page 289: ...lection of app functions that can be called from elsewhere in the calculator such as Home view CAS view the Spreadsheet app and in a program see App menu on page 312 Note that the Geometry app functions can be called from elsewhere in the calculator but they are not available from the App menu For that reason the Geometry functions are not described in this chapter They are described in the Geomet...

Page 290: ...es on the Catlg menu are always presented by their command name The default menu presentation mode is to provide the descriptive names for the Math and CAS functions If you prefer the functions to be presented by their command name deselect the Menu Display option on the second page of the Home Settings screen see Home settings on page 27 Abbreviations used in this chapter In describing the syntax...

Page 291: ...keys to be pressed with the function name shown in parentheses For example Se ASIN means that to make an arc sine calculation ASIN you press Se The examples below show the results you would get in Home view If you are in the CAS the results are given in simplified symbolic format For example Sj 320 returns 17 88854382 in Home view and 8 5 in the CAS w s n Add subtract multiply divide Also accepts ...

Page 292: ...tput range is from 90 to 90 or 2 to 2 Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format Also accepts complex numbers ASIN value Example ASIN 1 returns 90 degrees mode Sf ACOS Arc cosine cos 1x Output range is from 0 to 180 or 0 to Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format Also accepts complex numbers Output will be complex for values outside the normal cosine domain of ACOS value E...

Page 293: ... complex numbers Sjvalue Example Sj 320 returns 17 88854382 k x raised to the power of y Also accepts complex numbers value kpower Example 2 k8 returns 256 Sk The nth root of x root kvalue Example 3 k8 returns 2 Sn Reciprocal value Sn Example 3 Sn returns 333333333333 Q Negation Also accepts complex numbers Qvalue Example Q 1 2 i returns 1 2 i SQ x Absolute value ...

Page 294: ...ox menus one of which is the Math menu The functions and commands available on the Math menu are listed as they are categorized on the menu Numbers Ceiling Smallest integer greater than or equal to value CEILING value Examples CEILING 3 2 returns 4 CEILING 3 2 returns 3 Floor Greatest integer less than or equal to value FLOOR value Example FLOOR 3 2 returns 3 FLOOR 3 2 returns 4 IP Integer part IP...

Page 295: ...57 3 returns 0 00368 Truncate Truncates value to decimal places Also accepts complex numbers TRUNCATE value places Example TRUNCATE 2 3678 2 returns 2 36 Mantissa Mantissa that is the significant digits of value where value is a floating point number MANT value Example MANT 21 2E34 returns 2 12 Exponent Exponent of value That is the integer component of the power of 10 that generates value XPON va...

Page 296: ...Example 74 MOD 5 returns 4 Find Root Function root finder like the Solve app Finds the value for the given variable at which expression most nearly evaluates to zero Uses guess as initial estimate FNROOT expression variable guess Example FNROOT A 9 8 600 1 A 1 returns 61 224489796 Percentage x percent of y that is x 100 y x y Example 20 50 returns 10 Complex Argument Argument Finds the angle defin...

Page 297: ...ive 1 If zero result is zero For a complex number this is the unit vector in the direction of the number SIGN value SIGN x y Examples SIGN POLYEVAL 1 2 25 26 2 2 returns 1 SIGN 3 4 returns 6 8 Exponential ALOG Antilogarithm exponential ALOG value EXPM1 Exponent minus 1 EXPM1 value LNP1 Natural log plus 1 ln x 1 LNP1 value Trigonometry The trigonometry functions can also take complex numbers as arg...

Page 298: ... can also take complex numbers as arguments SINH Hyperbolic sine SINH value ASINH Inverse hyperbolic sine sinh 1x ASINH value COSH Hyperbolic cosine COSH value ACOSH Inverse hyperbolic cosine cosh 1 x ACOSH value TANH Hyperbolic tangent TANH value ATANH Inverse hyperbolic tangent tanh 1 x ATANH value Probability Factorial Factorial of a positive integer For non integers x 1 This calculates the gam...

Page 299: ...t this function returns a random number between zero and one With one integer argument a it returns a random number between 0 and a With three integer arguments n a and b returns n random number between a and b RANDOM RANDOM a RANDOM n a b Integer Random integer With one integer argument a it returns a random integer between 0 and a With three integer arguments n a and b returns n random integers ...

Page 300: ...ion Computes the probability density of the distribution at x given n degrees of freedom CHISQUARE n x Example CHISQUARE 2 3 2 returns 0 100948258997 F Fisher or Fisher Snedecor probability density function Computes the probability density at the value x given numerator n and denominator d degrees of freedom FISHER n d x Example FISHER 5 5 2 returns 0 158080231095 Binomial Binomial probability den...

Page 301: ...ation of a normal distribution If only one argument is supplied it is taken as x and the assumption is that 0 and 1 NORMAL_CDF x Example NORMAL_CDF 0 1 2 returns 0 97724986805 T Cumulative student s t distribution function Returns the lower tail probability of the student s t probability density function at x given n degrees of freedom STUDENT_CDF n x Example student_cdf 3 3 2 returns 0 0246659214...

Page 302: ...urrences POISSON_CDF x Example POISSON_CDF 4 2 returns 0 238103305554 Inverse Normal Inverse cumulative normal distribution function Returns the cumulative normal distribution value associated with the lower tail probability p given the mean and standard deviation of a normal distribution If only one argument is supplied it is taken as p and the assumption is that 0 and 1 NORMAL_ICDF p Example NOR...

Page 303: ...lity of k or fewer successes is q BINOMIAL_ICDF n p q Example BINOMIAL_ICDF 20 0 5 0 6 returns 11 Poisson Inverse cumulative Poisson distribution function Returns the value x such that the probability of x or fewer occurrences of an event with expected or mean occurrences of the event in the interval is p POISSON_ICDF p Example POISSON_ICDF 4 0 238103305554 returns 3 List These functions work on d...

Page 304: ...plementary error function at x a erfc a Ei Returns the exponential integral of an expression Ei Expr Si Returns the sine integral of an expression Si Expr Ci Returns the cosine integral of an expression Ci Expr CAS menu Press D to open the Toolbox menus one of which is the CAS menu The functions on the CAS menu are those most commonly used Many more functions are available See Ctlg menu beginning ...

Page 305: ...ial fraction expansion of a rational fraction partfrac RatFrac Extract Numerator Returns the numerator of a fraction after simplifying the fraction if necessary numer Frac a b or RatFrac Denominator Returns the denominator of a fraction after simplifying the fraction if necessary denom Frac a b or RatFrac Left Side Returns the left side of an equation or the left bound of an interval lhs Equal a b...

Page 306: ...ntegrate int Expr Var x Real a Real b Limit Returns the limit of an expression when the variable approaches a limit point a or infinity With the optional fourth argument you can specify whether it is the limit from below above or bidirectional d 1 for limit from below and d 1 for limit from above d 0 for bidirectional limit If the fourth argument is not provided the limit returned is bidirectional...

Page 307: ...ts v x Performs integration by parts of the expression f x u x v x with f x as the first argument and v x or 0 as the second argument With the optional third fourth and fifth arguments you can specify a variable of integration and bounds of the integrate If no variable of integration is provided it is taken as x ibpdv Expr f x Expr v x Var x Re al a Real b By Parts u v Performs integration by part...

Page 308: ...otient Returns the quotient Q of the division of polynomial A by polynomial B by increasing power order with degree Q n or Q 0 In other words Q is the Taylor expansion at order n of A B in the vicinity of x 0 divpc A B Intg n Transform Laplace Returns the Laplace transform of an expression laplace Expr Var LapVar Inverse Laplace Returns the inverse Laplace transform of an expression invlaplace Exp...

Page 309: ...e expression1 0 expression2 0 Czeros Expr Var or Czeros LstExpr LStVar Numerical Solve Returns the numerical solution of an equation or a system of equations With the optional third argument you can specify a guess for the solution or an interval within which it is expected that the solution will occur With the optional fourth argument you can name the iterative algorithm to be used by the solver ...

Page 310: ...n ln x rewritten as a power of x exp2pow Expr y lnx Returns an expression with powers rewritten as an exponentials pow2exp Expr exp2trig Returns an expression with complex exponentials rewritten in terms of sin and cos exp2trig Expr expexpand Returns an expression with exponentials in expanded form expexpand Expr Sine asinx acosx Returns an expression with arcsin x rewritten as pi 2 arccos x asin2...

Page 311: ...ssion with arctan x rewritten as pi 2 arccos x sqrt 1 x 2 atan2acos Expr tanx sinx cosx Returns an expression with tan x rewritten as sin x cos x tan2sincos Expr halftan Returns an expression with sin x cos x or tan x rewritten as tan x 2 halftan Expr Trig trigx sinx Returns an expression simplified using the formulas sin x 2 cos x 2 1 and tan x sin x cos x privileging sine trigsin Expr trigx cosx...

Page 312: ...an expression with trigonometric functions rewritten as complex exponentials without linearization trig2exp Expr Integer Divisors Returns the list of divisors of an integer or a list of integers idivis Intg a or LstIntg Factors Returns an integer decomposed into its prime factors ifactor Intg a Factor List Returns the list of prime factors of an integer or a list of integers Each factor is followe...

Page 313: ...nder from the Euclidean division of two integers irem Intg a Intg b an MOD p Returns an modulo p in 0 p 1 powmod Intg a Intg n Intg p Expr P x Var Chinese Remainder Returns the Chinese remainder of two lists of integers ichinrem LstIntg a p LstIntg b q Polynomial Find Roots Returns all computed roots of a polynomial given by its coefficients It may not work if roots are not simple proot Vect Poly ...

Page 314: ...o Poly With one list as argument returns a polynomial in x with coefficients in decreasing order obtained from the list With a variable as second argument returns a polynomial in the variable as for one argument but the polynomial is in the variable specified in the second argument poly2symb Lst Var Roots to Coef Returns the coefficients in decreasing order of the univariate polynomial of roots sp...

Page 315: ...s vectors or in symbolic form rem Vect Vect Var or rem Poly Poly Var Degree Returns the degree of a polynomial degree Poly Factor by Degree Returns a polynomial factorized in x n where n is the degree of polynomial factor_xn Poly Coef of GCD Returns the greatest common divisor GCD of the coefficients of a polynomial content Poly P Var Zero Count With a polynomial and a variable as arguments return...

Page 316: ...Groebner basis of a list of polynomials greduce Poly LstPoly LstVar Hermite Returns the Hermite polynomial of degree n hermite Intg n Lagrange Returns the Lagrange polynomial for two lists The list in the first argument corresponds to the abscissa values and the list in the second argument corresponds to the ordinate values lagrange Lst_xk Lst_yk or lagrange Mtrx_2 n Laguerre Returns the Laguerre ...

Page 317: ...must be listed first and the third argument is the optional range plotfield Expr VectVar Opt Contour Draws eleven contour lines of the surface defined by the expression z f x y for z 10 8 8 10 With a list of values as third argument contour lines will be drawn instead for the z values given in the list plotcontour Expr Xpr LstVar LstVal ODE Draws the solution of the differential equation y f t y t...

Page 318: ...tion app s Plot view under the FCN menu All these operations work on functions The functions may be expressions in X or the names of the Function app variable F0 through F9 AREA Area under a curve or between curves Finds the signed area under a function or between two functions Finds the area under the function Fn or below Fn and above the function Fm from lower X value to upper X value AREA Fn Fm...

Page 319: ...n for one of its En may be an equation or expression or it may be the name of one of the Solve Symbolic E0 E9 SOLVE Solve Solves an equation for one of its Solves the equation En for the variable var using the value of guess as the initial value for the value of the variable var If En is an expression then the value of the variable var that makes the expression equal to zero is returned SOLVE En v...

Page 320: ... a single cell in which case the output is controlled by the configuration string or a cell range reference where the output size is restricted by the size of the range If the output range is wider than it is tall it will change the output to horizontal layout instead of the default vertical layout Configuration is a string that controls which values are output Leaving the quotation marks empty pr...

Page 321: ...thmetic mean of the numbers in the range B7 to B23 You can also specify a block of cells as in AVERAGE B7 C23 An error is returned if a cell in the specified range contains a non numeric object AMORT Calculates the principal interest and balance of a loan over a specified period AMORT Range configuration n i pv pmt ppyr 12 cpyr ppyr Grouping ppyr beg false fix current Range is the cell range where...

Page 322: ...ear cpyr is the number of compounding periods per year Grouping is the number of periods that need to be grouped together in the amortization table beg is 1 when payment is at the beginning of each period else it is 0 fix is the number of decimal places to be used for the calculations Example AMORT A1 12 6 100 200 STAT1 he STAT1 function provides a range of one variable statistics It can calculate...

Page 323: ...lculate all or any of sl slope int intercept cor cd sCov pCov px predict x and py predict y REGRS output configuration input mode y x Output is a reference to where you would like the output to be placed Note if a range is specified it will limit the size of the output but can also change the orientation from vertical to horizontal if the range is wider than it is tall Configuration is a string th...

Page 324: ... test for comparing means Syntax HypZ1mean ouput configuration input list HypZ1mean ouput configuration SampMean SampSize NullPopMean PopStdDev SigLevel Mode Output is a reference to where you would like the output to be placed Note if a range is specified it will limit the size of the output but can also change the orientation from vertical to horizontal if the range is wider than it is tall Conf...

Page 325: ...ater than 3 Not Equal Example XXXXX HYPZ2mean The hypothesis test HypZ2mean is a two sample Z test for comparing means Syntax HypZ2mean ouput configuration input list HypZ2mean ouput configuration SampMean SampMean2 SampSize SampSize2 PopStdDev PopStdDev2 SigLevel Mode Output is a reference to where you would like the output to be placed Note if a range is specified it will limit the size of the o...

Page 326: ...ences or a simple list of values Input Parameters SampMean SampMean2 SampSize SampSize2 PopStdDev PopStdDev2 SigLevel Mode Specifies how to calculate the statistic 1 Less than 2 Greater than 3 Not Equal Example XXXXX HypZ1prop The hypothesis test HypZ1prop is a one proportion Z test Syntax HypZ1prop output configuration input list HypZ1prop ouput configuration SuccCount SampSize NullPopProp SigLev...

Page 327: ... prob cZ cp1 cp2 std Input list is the list of input see Input Parameters below This can be a range reference a list of cell references or a simple list of values Input Parameters SuccCount SampSize NullPopMean SigLevel Mode Specifies how to calculate the statistic 1 Less than 2 Greater than 3 Not Equal Example XXXXX HypZ2prop The hypothesis test HypZ2prop is a two proportion Z test for comparing ...

Page 328: ...t to show all in default order including headers h if present the header cells will be created acc Accept Reject tZ Test Z tPd prob cZ cp1 cp2 std Input list is the list of input see Input Parameters below This can be a range reference a list of cell references or a simple list of values Input Parameters SuccCount1 SuccCount2 SampSize1 SampSize2 SigLevel Mode Specifies how to calculate the statist...

Page 329: ...ults are shown and what order they appear in An empty string will default to show all in default order including headers h if present the header cells will be created acc Accept Reject tT tM prob df ct cX1 cX2 Input list is the list of input see Input Parameters below This can be a range reference a list of cell references or a simple list of values Input Parameters SampMean SampStdDev SampSize Nu...

Page 330: ...ertical to horizontal if the range is wider than it is tall Configuration is a string that controls what results are shown and what order they appear in An empty string will default to show all in default order including headers h if present the header cells will be created acc Accept Reject tT tM prob df ct cX1 cX2 stD Input list is the list of input see Input Parameters below This can be a range...

Page 331: ... Note if a range is specified it will limit the size of the output but can also change the orientation from vertical to horizontal if the range is wider than it is tall Configuration is a string that controls what results are shown and what order they appear in An empty string will default to show all in default order including headers h if present the header cells will be created Z zXl zXh std In...

Page 332: ...the output but can also change the orientation from vertical to horizontal if the range is wider than it is tall Configuration is a string that controls what results are shown and what order they appear in An empty string will default to show all in default order including headers h if present the header cells will be created Z zXl zXh zXm std Input list is the list of input see Input Parameters b...

Page 333: ...izontal if the range is wider than it is tall Configuration is a string that controls what results are shown and what order they appear in An empty string will default to show all in default order including headers h if present the header cells will be created Z zXl zXh zXm std Input list is the list of input see Input Parameters below This can be a range reference a list of cell references or a s...

Page 334: ... shown and what order they appear in An empty string will default to show all in default order including headers h if present the header cells will be created Z zXl zXh zXm std Input list is the list of input see Input Parameters below This can be a range reference a list of cell references or a simple list of values Input Parameters SuccCount1 SuccCount2 SampSize1 SampSize2 ConfLevel Example XXXX...

Page 335: ...lls will be created DF T zX zXh std Input list is the list of input see Input Parameters below This can be a range reference a list of cell references or a simple list of values Input Parameters SampMean SampStdDev SampSize ConfLevel Example XXXXX ConfT2mean The ConfT2mean calculates the confidence interval for a two sample T test Syntax ConfT2mean ouput configuration input list ConfT2mean ouput c...

Page 336: ...eferences or a simple list of values Input Parameters SampMean SampMean2 SampStdDev SampStdDev2 SampSize SampSize2 pooled ConfLevel Statistics 1Var app functions The Statistics 1Var app has three functions designed to work together to calculate summary statistics based on one of the statistical analyses H1 H5 defined in the Symbolic view of the Statistics 1Var app Do1VStats Do1 variable statistics...

Page 337: ...tics 2Var app functions The Statistics 2Var app has a number of functions Some are designed to calculate summary statistics based on one of the statistical analyses S1 S5 defined in the Symbolic view of the Statistics 2Var app Others predict X and Y values based on the fit specified in one of the analyses PredX Predict X Uses the fit from the first active analysis S1 S5 found to predict an x value...

Page 338: ... the independent column for one of the statistical analyses S1 S5 to one of the column C0 C9 SetIndep Sn Cn Inference app functions The Inference app has a single function that returns the same results as tapping in the Numeric view of the Inference app The results depend on the contents of the Inference app Method Type and AltHyp DoInference Calculate confidence interval or test hypothesis Perfor...

Page 339: ...pp There are 5 main TVM 4 of which are mandatory for each of these functions except DoFinance There are 3 other that are optional and have default values These occur as arguments to the Finance app functions in the following set order NbPmt the number of payments IPYR the annual interest rate PV the present value of the investment or loan PMTV the payment value FV the future value of the investmen...

Page 340: ...r an investment or loan CalcPMTV NbPmt IPYR PV FV PPYR CPYR END CalcPV Solves for the present value of an investment or loan CalcPV NbPmt IPYR PMTV FV PPYR CPYR END DoFinance Calculate TVM results Solves a TVM problem for the variable TVMVar The variable must be one of the Finance app s Numeric view Performs the same calculation as tapping in the Numeric view of the Finance app with TVMVar highlig...

Page 341: ...cutive parts of the triangle The names of these commands use A to signify an angle and S to signify a side length To use these commands enter three inputs in the specified order given by the command name These commands all return a list of six items consisting of the three arguments entered with the command and the three unknown values lengths of sides and measures of angles AAS AAS Uses the measu...

Page 342: ...angle SSS SSS Uses the lengths of the three sides of a triangle to calculate the measures of the three angles SSS side side side DoSolve Solves the current problem in the Triangle Solver app The Triangle Solver app must have enough data entered to successfully solve that is there must be at least three values entered one of which must be a side length DoSolve Example In Degree mode SAS 2 90 2 retu...

Page 343: ...on app E0 E9 for the Solve app H1 H5 for the Statistics 1Var app S1 S5 for the Statistics 2Var app X0 Yo X9 Y9 for the parametric app R0 R9 for the Polar app U0 U9 for the Sequence app CHECK Symbn Example CHECK F1 checks the Function app Symbolic view variable F1 The result is that F1 X is drawn in the Plot view and has a column of function values in the Numeric view of the Function app UNCHECK Un...

Page 344: ...se specific to programming are described in Program commands on page 464 Some of the options on the Catlg menu can also be chosen from relations palette Sr Inserts opening parenthesis Multiplication symbol Returns the product of numbers or the scalar product of two vectors Addition symbol Returns the term by term sum of two lists or two matrices or adds two strings together Subtraction symbol Retu...

Page 345: ...ects two members of an equation Equality test Returns 1 if the equality is true and 0 if the equality is false Strict inequality test Returns 1 if the inequality is true and 0 if the inequality is false Note that more than two objects can be compared See comment above regarding Inequality test Returns 1 if the inequality is true and 0 if the inequality is false Note that more than two objects can ...

Page 346: ... Cplx C AND Logical And expr1 AND expr2 Example 3 1 4 AND 4 5 returns 1 angleatraw Displays the value of the measure of the angle AB AC at point z0 angleatraw Pnt A Pnt B Pnt C Pnt or Cplx z0 Ans If n 0 returns the n 1 th answer in the command history If n 0 returns the n th previous answer If no n is provided returns the previous answer ans Intg n append Appends an element to a list sequence or s...

Page 347: ...2 with weight coefficient 2 point 3 with weight coefficient 3 etc barycenter Pnt1 Coeff1 Pnt2 Coeff2 Pnt3 Coeff3 basis Returns the basis of the linear subspace defined by the set of vectors consisting of vector 1 vector 2 and vector n basis Lst vector1 vectorn BEGIN Used in programming to begin a set of statements that should be taken as a single statement bisector Draws the bisector of the angle ...

Page 348: ...th a variable as second argument the polynomial is an expression of it charpoly Mtrx Var chrem Returns the Chinese remainders for two lists of integers chrem LstIntg a b c LstIntg p q r circle With two arguments draws a circle If the second argument is a point then the distance between it and the point given as the first argument is equal to the diameter the circle If the second argument is a comp...

Page 349: ...val the boundaries of which are the opposite vertices of a rectangle with sides parallel to the axis and containing a complex root of the polynomial with the multiplicity of this root With four arguments returns vectors described as for two arguments but only for those roots lying in the rectangle with sides parallel to the axis having complex a and complex b as opposite vertices complexroot Poly ...

Page 350: ...covariance_correl atio Returns the list of the covariance and the correlation of the elements of a list or matrix covariance_correlation Lst Mtrx cpartfrac Returns the result of partial fraction decomposition of a rational fraction in the complex field cpartfrac RatFrac crationalroot Returns the list of complex rational roots of a polynomial without indicating the multiplicity crationalroot Poly c...

Page 351: ...ix A with the rows n1 nk deleted delrows Mtrx A Interval n1 n2 n1 deltalist Returns the list of the differences between consecutive terms in the original list deltalist Lst Dirac Returns the value of the Dirac delta function for a real number Dirac Real division_point Returns a point M such that for the given a and b z a k z b and z MA k MB division_point Pnt or Cplx a Pnt or Cplx b Cplx k DO Used...

Page 352: ...lement Curve or Real_interval Pnt or Real ellipse With three points F1 F2 and M as arguments draws an ellipse with foci at F1 and F2 that passes though M With two points and a real F1 F2 and a as arguments draws an ellipse with foci at F1 and F2 that passes through point M such that MF1 MF2 2a With one second degree polynomial p x y as argument draws the ellipse defined when the polynomial is set ...

Page 353: ... AC given by A B and C exbisector Pnt or Cplx A Pnt or Cplx B Pnt or Cplx C excircle Draws the excircle of the triangle ABC excircle Pnt or Cplx A Pnt or Cplx B Pnt or Cplx C EXP Returns the solution to the mathematical constant e to the power of an expression exp Expr exponential_ regression Returns the coefficients a b of y b a x where y is the exponential which best approximates the points whos...

Page 354: ...or a non integer factorial Intg n Real a fMax Returns the value of the abscissa at the maximum value of an expression Without a second argument it is assumed that it the abscissa is x With a variable as second argument it is taken as the abscissa fMax Expr Var fMin Returns the value of the abscissa at the minimum value of an expression Without a second argument it is assumed that it the abscissa i...

Page 355: ...in VectVar gauss Expr VectVar GETPIX_C Returns the color of the pixel G with coordinates x y GETPIX_P G xposition yposition G can be any of the graphics and is optional The default is G0 the current graphic GF Creates a Galois Field of characteristic p with p n elements GF Intg p Intg n gramschmidt For a basis B of a vector subspace and a function Sp that defines a scalar product on this vector su...

Page 356: ...nes that are in a harmonic division harmonic_division Pnt or Line Pnt or Line Pnt or Line Var has Returns 1 if a variable is in an expression and returns 0 otherwise has Expr Var head Returns the first element of a given vector sequence or string head Vect or Seq or Str Heaviside Returns the value of the Heaviside function for a given real i e 1 if x 0 and 0 if x 0 Heaviside Real hexagon Draws a h...

Page 357: ...two vector spaces ibasis Lst Vect Vect Lst Vect Vect icontent Returns the greatest common divisor of the integer coefficients of a polynomial icontent Poly Var icosahedron Draws an icosahedron with center A vertex B and such that the plane ABC contains one vertex among the five nearest vertices from B icosahedron Pnt A Pnt B Pnt C id Returns the solution to the identity function for an expression ...

Page 358: ...er Interval or Real inv Returns the inverse of an expression or matrix inv Expr Mtrx inversion Returns point A1 such that A1 is on line CA and mes_alg CA1 CA k inversion Pnt C Real k Pnt A iPart Returns a real number without its fractional part or a list of real numbers each without its fractional part iPart Real LstReal iquorem Returns the Euclidean quotient and remainder of two integers iquorem ...

Page 359: ...P or Lst P t Var C jacobi_symbol Returns the Jacobi symbol of the given integers jacobi_symbol Intg Intg KILL Used in programming to stop a step by step execution with debugging laplacian Returns the Laplacian of an expression with respect to a list of laplacian Expr LstVar lcoeff Returns the coefficient of the term of highest degree of a polynomial The polynomial can be expressed in symbolic form...

Page 360: ...e vertical line x a LineVert Expr a list2mat Returns a matrix of n columns made by splitting a list into rows each containing n terms If the number of elements in the list is not divisible by n then the matrix is completed with zeros list2mat Lst l Intg n LN Returns the natural logarithm of an expression ln Expr lname Returns a list of the in an expression lname Expr lnexpand Returns the expanded ...

Page 361: ...t of used in an expression lvar Expr magenta Used with display to specify the color of the geometrical object to be displayed map Applies a function to the elements of the list map Lst Fnc mat2list Returns the list of the terms of a matrix mat2list Mtrx matpow Calculates the nth power of a matrix by jordanization matpow Mtrx Intg n MAXREAL Returns the maximum real number that the HP Prime is capab...

Page 362: ...lex expression has a complex denominator returns the expression after both the numerator and the denominator have been multiplied by the complex conjugate of the denominator If the given complex expression does not have a complex denominator returns the expression after both the numerator and the denominator have been multiplied by the complex conjugate of the numerator mult_c_conjugate Expr mult_...

Page 363: ...root of a number octahedron Draws an octahedron with center A and vertex B and such that the plane ABC contains four vertices octahedron Pnt A Pnt B Pnt C odd Returns 1 if a given integer is odd and returns 0 otherwise odd Intg n open_polygon Draws a polygonal line with vertices at the elements of the given list open_polygon LstPnt LstCplx OR Logical Or expr1 OR expr2 Example 3 1 4 OR 8 5 returns ...

Page 364: ...olynomial is set to equal 0 parabola Pnt F Pnt xA i yA Pnt A Real c Pnt P parallel With a point and a line as arguments draws the line through the point that is parallel to the given line With a point and a plane as arguments draws the plane through the point that is parallel to the given plane with a point and two lines as arguments draws the plane through the point that is parallel to the plane ...

Page 365: ...ine as arguments draws the plane made by the point and the line With an equation as argument draws the plane corresponding to the equation in 3D space plane Pnt or Eq Pnt or Line Pnt plotinequation Draws the points of the plane whose coordinates satisfy the inequations of two plotinequation Expr x xrange y yrange xste p ystep plotparam With a complex a t i b t and a list of values for the variable...

Page 366: ...is polar with respect to the circle pole Crcle Line POLYCOEF Returns the coefficients of a polynomial with roots given in the vector argument polyCoef Vect POLYEVAL Evaluates a polynomial given by its coefficients at x0 polyEval Vect Real x0 polygon Draws the polygon whose vertices are elements in a list polygon LstPnt LstCplx polygonplot Draws the polygons made by joining the points xk yk where x...

Page 367: ...f a matrix power_regression Lst Mtrx A Lst powerpc Returns the real number d 2 R 2 where d is the distance between the point and the center of the circle and R is the radius of the circle powerpc Crcle Pnt or Cplx prepend Adds an element to the beginning of a list prepend Lst Elem primpart Returns a polynomial divided by the greatest common divisor of its coefficients primpart Poly Var prism Draws...

Page 368: ...ramid Pnt A Pnt B Pnt C Pnt D q2a Returns the matrix of a quadratic form with respect to the given in VectVar q2a QuadraForm VectVar quadrilateral Draws the quadrilateral ABCD quadrilateral Pnt A Cplx Pnt B Cplx Pnt C Cplx Pnt D Cplx quantile Returns the quantile of the elements of a list corresponding to p 0 p 1 quantile Lst l Real p quartile1 Returns the first quartile of the elements of a list ...

Page 369: ...a line is replaced with its pole with respect to the circle reciprocation Crcle Lst Pnt Line rectangle Draws the rectangle ABCD where if k is provided AD k AB if k 0 and where if k and P are provided the rectangle is in the plane ABP with AD AP and AD k AB rectangle Pnt A Cplx Pnt B Cplx Real k Pnt P Lst P k Var D Var C rectangular_coord inat Returns the list of the abscissas and of the ordinates ...

Page 370: ...n LstVar reorder Expr LstVar REPEAT Used in programming to indicate a statement or statements that should be repeated until a given condition is true residue Returns the residue of an expression at a residue Expr Var v Cplx a restart Purges all the restart NULL resultant Returns the resultant i e the determinant of the Sylvester matrix of two polynomials resultant Poly Poly Var RETURN Used in prog...

Page 371: ...h a line Dr3 an angle a1 and a curve as arguments returns the result of rotating the curve by the angle about the axis of rotation given by the line rotation Pnt B or Cplx or Dr3 Angle a1 Pnt A or Curve row Returns the row n or the sequence of the rows n1 n2 of the matrix A row Mtrx A Intg n Interval n1 n2 rowAdd Returns the matrix obtained from matrix A after the n2th row is replaced by the sum o...

Page 372: ...nt sequences u_ n 1 f u_n or u_ n 2 f u_ n 1 u_n seqsolve Expr or LstExpr Var or LstVar InitVal or LstInitVal shift_phase Returns the result of applying a phase shift of pi 2 to a trigonometric expression shift_phase Expr signature Returns the signature of a permutation signature Permut similarity With two points B and A a real k and an angle a1 as arguments returns a point that is the point simil...

Page 373: ...the slope of the line or segment d slopeatraw Line Pnt Cplx z0 sphere With two points as arguments draws the sphere of diameter made by the line from one point to another With a point and a real as arguments draws the sphere with center at the point and radius given by the real sphere Pnt or Vect Pnt or Real spline Returns the natural spline through the points given by two lists The polynomials in...

Page 374: ... matrix a sub matrix with first element A n1 n2 and last element A n3 n4 subMat Mtrx A Intg n1 Intg n2 Intg n3 Int g n4 suppress Returns a list without the nth element suppress Lst Intg n surd Returns an expression to the power of 1 n surd Expr Intg n sylvester Returns the Sylvester matrix of two polynomials sylvester Poly Poly Var table Defines an array where the indexes are strings or real numbe...

Page 375: ...tor from the origin to the first point translation Vect Pnt C transpose Returns a matrix transposed without conjugation transpose Mtrx triangle Draws a triangle with vertices at the three points triangle Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx Pnt or Cplx trunc Returns a value or a list of values truncated to n decimal places If n is not provided it is taken as 0 Accepts complex numbers trunc Real LstReal Int n t...

Page 376: ...d magnitude of the vector vector Pnt Pnt Pnt Vect vertices Returns the list of the vertices of a polygon or polyhedron vertices Polygon or Polyedr vertices_abca Returns the closed list A B A of the vertices of a polygon or polyhedron vertices_abca Polygon or Polyedr vpotential Returns U such as curl U V vpotential Vect V LstVar when Used to introduce a conditional statement WHILE Used to indicate ...

Page 377: ...ion Inserts a not equal to sign Inserts a less than or equal to sign Inserts a greater than or equal to sign Evaluates the expression then stores the result in variable var Note that cannot be used with the graphics G0 G9 See the command BLIT expression var i Inserts the imaginary number i 1 Returns the inverse of an expression Expr 1 Creating your own functions You can create your own function by...

Page 378: ...are to be parameters when the function is called In this example we ll make A and B parameters The value of C will be provided by global variable C which by default is zero 4 Make sure that A and B are selected and C is not 5 Tap You can run your function by entering it on the entry line in Home view or be selecting it from the USER menu You enter the value for each variable you chose to be a para...

Page 379: ... the slope is assigned to a variable named Slope And if you choose binary as the base for integer arithmetic a built in variable named Base is given the value 0 If you had chosen octal instead Base would have been given the value 1 Creating variables Variables you create are assigned whatever value you give them You can assign a value to certain built in variables such as the Home variables You ca...

Page 380: ...ars asking if you want to create a variable called ME Tap or press E to confirm your intention You can now use that variable in subsequent calculations ME 3 will yield 303 for example You can also create variables by entering variable name object For example entering AxAoAtAwS 55 Eassigns 55 to the variable YOU You can now use that variable in subsequent calculations YOU 60 will yield 1 15 for exa...

Page 381: ...you do in Home view or by the settings you choose on the Home Settings screen Some examples are HAngle and Base App variables are also built in but they are set by what you do in an app Some examples are XMax and Slope The CAS variables and user variables are those you create yourself If you want to retrieve just the value of a variable and not its name tap before you select the variable from a Va...

Page 382: ...s the value of the variable as it was calculated in the Statistics 2Var app that was sought To retrieve that value the variable name had to be qualified by prefixing it with the name of the app that generated it Statistics_2Var followed by a period the second entry Note the syntax required app_name variable_name Spaces are not allowed in an app name and must be represented by the underscore charac...

Page 383: ...example 7 45 A Complex Z0 to Z9 For example 2 3 i Z1 or 2 3 Z1 depending on your Complex number settings List L0 to L9 For example 1 2 3 L1 Matrix M0 to M9 Store matrices and vectors in these variables For example 1 2 3 4 M1 Graphics G0 to G9 Settings HAngle HFormat HDigits HComplex Date Time Language Entry Integer Base Bits Signed ...

Page 384: ... App variables menu under the name you gave it You access the variables in a customized app in the same way that you access the variables in built in apps Function app variables Category Names Resultsa Area Extremum Isect Root Slope Symbolic F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F0 Plot Axes Cursor GridDots GridLines Labels Method Recenter Xmax Xmin Xtick Xzoom Ymax Ymin Ytick Yzoom Numeric NumStart NumStep ...

Page 385: ...ables contain the last value found by the Signed Area Extremum Intersection Root and Slope functions respectively Category Names Numeric XMin YMin XMax Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat Category Names Numeric ColWidth Row Cell RowHeight Col Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat ...

Page 386: ...ls Method Recenter Xmax Xmin Xtick Xzoom Ymax Ymin Ytick Yzoom Numeric NumXStart NumYStart NumXStep NumYStep NumIndep NumType NumXZoom NumYZoom Automatic BuildYourOwn Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat Category Names Symbolic E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E0 Plot Axes Cursor GridDots GridLines Labels Method Recenter Xmax Xmin Xtick Xzoom Ymax Ymin Ytick Yzoom ...

Page 387: ...w NbItem Min Q1 Med Q3 Max X X2 MeanX sX X serrX Symbolic H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H1Type H2Type H3Type H4Type H5Type Plot Axes Cursor GridDots GridLines Hmin Hmax Hwidth Labels Recenter Xmax Xmin Xtick Xzoom Ymax Ymin Ytick Yzoom Numeric D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D0 Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat Category Names Continued ...

Page 388: ...is H1 H5 Max Contains the maximum value in the current 1 variable analysis H1 H5 X Contains the sum of the data set in the current 1 variable analysis H1 H5 X2 Contains the sum of the squares of the data set in the current 1 variable analysis H1 H5 MeanX Contains the mean of the data set in the current 1 variable analysis H1 H5 sX Contains the sample standard deviation of the data set in the curre...

Page 389: ... Names Results explained below NbItem Corr CoefDet sCov Cov XY MeanX X X2 sX X serrX MeanY Y Y2 sY Y serrY Symbolic S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S1Type S2Type S3Type S4Type S5Type Plot Axes Cursor GridDots GridLines Labels Method Recenter Xmax Xmin Xtick Xzoom Ymax Ymin Ytick Yzoom Numeric C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C0 Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat ...

Page 390: ...t values X of the current 2 variable statistical analysis S1 S5 X Contains the sum of the independent values X of the current 2 variable statistical analysis S1 S5 X2 Contains the sum of the squares of the independent values X of the current 2 variable statistical analysis S1 S5 sX Contains the sample standard deviation of the independent values X of the current 2 variable statistical analysis S1 ...

Page 391: ...Y of the current 2 variable statistical analysis S1 S5 serrY Contains the standard error of the dependent values Y of the current 2 variable statistical analysis S1 S5 Inference app variables Results CritScore Contains the value of the Z or t distribution associated with the input value Category Names Results explained below Result TestScore TestValue Prob CritScore CritVal1 CritVal2 DF Symbolic A...

Page 392: ...Score value which was calculated from the input level DF Contains the degrees of freedom for the t tests Prob Contains the probability associated with the TestScore value Result For hypothesis tests contains 0 or 1 to indicate rejection or failure to reject the null hypothesis TestScore Contains the Z or t distribution value calculated from the hypothesis test or confidence interval inputs TestVal...

Page 393: ... X6 Y6 X7 Y7 X8 Y8 X9 Y9 X0 Y0 Plot Axes Cursor GridDots GridLines Labels Method Recenter Tmin Tmax Tstep Xmax Xmin Xtick Xzoom Ymax Ymin Ytick Yzoom Numeric Automatic BuildYourOwn NumIndep NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat Category Names Symbolic R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R0 ...

Page 394: ...uildYourOwn NumIndep NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat Category Names Continued Category Names Numeric CPYR BEG FV IPYR NbPmt PMTV PPYR PV Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat Category Names Numeric LSystem LSolutiona Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat a Contains a vector with the last solution found by either the Linear Solver app or the LSolve app functio...

Page 395: ...ariables Trig Explorer app variables Category Names Numeric SideA SideB SideC Rect AngleA AngleB AngleC Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat Category Names Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat Category Names Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat Category Names Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat ...

Page 396: ...ymbolic U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U0 Plot Axes Cursor GridDots GridLines Labels Nmin Nmax Recenter Xmax Xmin Xtick Xzoom Ymax Ymin Ytick Yzoom Numeric Automatic BuildYourOwn NumIndep NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Modes AAngle AComplex ADigits AFormat ...

Page 397: ...asurement You can operate on measurements just as you do on numbers without attached units The units are kept with the numbers in subsequent operations The units are on the Units menu Press SF Units and if necessary tap The menu is organized by category Each category is listed at the left with the units in the selected category listed at the right Unit categories length area volume time speed mass...

Page 398: ...ore selecting the unit Unit calculations A number plus a unit is a measurement You can perform calculations with multiple measurements providing that the units of each measurement are from the same category For example you can add two measurements of length even lengths of different units as illustrated in the following example But you cannot add say a length measurement to a volume measurement Ex...

Page 399: ... Length Select cm 2 Now add 5 inches 5 SF Select Length Select in E The result is shown as 32 7 cm If you had wanted the result in inches then you would have entered the 5 inches first 3 To continue the example let s divide the result by 4 seconds n 4 SF Select Time Select s E The result is shown as 8 175 cm s 1 ...

Page 400: ...use the last answer as the first argument in a new conversion calculation Pressing S places the last answer on the entry line You can also select a value from history and tap to copy it to the entry line MKSA Meters kilograms seconds amperes Converts a complex unit into the base components of the MKSA system MKSA 8 175_cm s returns 08175_m s 1 UFACTOR Unit factor conversion Converts a measurement ...

Page 401: ...ations These constants are grouped into four categories math chemistry physics and quantum mechanics A list of all these constants is given in List of constants on page 396 To display the constants press SF and then tap Example Suppose you want to know the potential energy of a mass of 5 units according to the equation E mc2 1 Enter the mass and the multiplication operator 5 s 2 Open the constants...

Page 402: ...showing on the screen the value and its units are inserted at the cursor point In the example at the right the first entry shows the Universal Gas Constant after it was chosen with showing The second entry shows the same constant but chosen when was showing Tapping displays and vice versa List of constants Category Name and symbol Math e MAXREAL MINREAL i Chemistry Avogadro NA Boltmann k molar vol...

Page 403: ...y g gravitation G Quantum Planck h Dirac electronic charge q electron mass me q me ratio qme proton mass mp mp me ratio mpme fine structure magnetic flux Faraday F Rydberg R Bohr radius a0 Bohr magneton B nuclear magneton N photon wavelength 0 photon frequency f0 Compton wavelength c Category Name and symbol Continued ...

Page 404: ...398 Units and constants ...

Page 405: ...ame from the Vars menu a or just type its name from the keyboard You can create edit delete send and receive named lists in the List Catalog Sp List You can also create and store lists named or unnnamed in Home view List variables are identical in behavior to the columns C1 C0 in the Statistics 2Var app and the columns D1 D0 in the Statistics 1Var app You can store a statistics column as a list or...

Page 406: ...sion If you enter a expression it is evaluated and the result is inserted in the list 4 When done press Sp List to return to the List catalog or press Hto go to Home view List Catalog Buttons and keys The buttons and keys in the List Catalog are Button or Key Purpose Opens the highlighted list for editing You can also just tap on a list name or C Deletes the contents of the selected list Transmits...

Page 407: ...Copies the highlighted list item into the entry line Inserts a new value with default zero before the highlighted item or C Deletes the highlighted item Displays a menu for you to choose the small font medium font or large font Displays a menu for you to choose how many lists to display at one time one two three or four For example if you have only L4 displayed and you choose 3 from the Lists menu...

Page 408: ...Editor appears 3 Tap on the element you want to edit Alternatively press or until the element you want to edit is highlighted In this example edit the third element so that it has a value of 5 5 To insert an element in a list Suppose you want to insert a new value 9 in L1 2 in the list L1 shown to the right ...

Page 409: ... Only the contents of each list is deleted The lists are simply stripped of their contents Lists in Home view You can enter and operate on lists directly in Home view The lists can be named or unnamed To enter a list 1 Press Sq A pair of braces appears on the entry line All lists must be enclosed in braces 2 Enter the first element in the list followed by a comma element o 3 Continue adding elemen...

Page 410: ...t 3 Tap 4 Enter the name Aj7 5 Complete the operation E To display a list To display a list in Home view type its name and pressE If the list is empty a pair of empty braces is returned To display one element To display one element of a list in Home view enter listname element For example if L6 is 3 4 5 6 then L6 2 Ereturns 4 To store one element To store a value in one element of a list in Home v...

Page 411: ...mas as in CONCAT L1 L2 An argument can be either a list variable name such as L1 or the actual list For example REVERSE 1 2 3 Common operators like and can take lists as arguments If there are two arguments and both are lists then the lists must have the same length since the calculation pairs the elements If there are two arguments and one is a real number then the calculation operates on each el...

Page 412: ...aluates expression with respect to variable as variable takes on values from begin to end values taken at increment steps Example In Home generate a series of squares from 23 to 27 D 6 1 A a j o A a o 23 o 27o1E Sort Sorts the elements in a list in ascending order SORT list Example SORT 2 5 3 returns 2 3 5 Reverse Creates a list by reversing the order of the elements in a list REVERSE list Example...

Page 413: ...e specified element POS list element Example POS 3 7 12 19 12 returns 3 Size Returns the number of elements in a list SIZE list Example SIZE 1 2 3 returns 3 LIST Creates a new list composed of the first differences that is the differences between consecutive elements in a list The new list has one less element than the original list The differences for x1 x2 x3 xn 1 xn are x2 x1 x3 x2 xn xn 1 LIST...

Page 414: ...the mean median maximum and minimum of a list you create a list store it in a data set and then use the Statistics 1Var app Example In this example use the Statistics 1Var app to find the mean median maximum and minimum values of the elements in the list L1 being 88 90 89 65 70 and 89 1 In Home view create L1 S q 88 90 89 65 70 89 Aj1E 2 In Home view store L1 in D1 Aj1 Ad1E You will now be able to...

Page 415: ...ou want to find Y By default H1 will use the data in D1 so nothing further needs to be done in Symbolic view However if the data of interest were in D2 or any column other than D1 you would have to specify the desired data column here 5 Calculate the statistics M 6 Tap when you are done See the chapter 9 Statistics 1Var app beginning on page 187 for the meaning of each statistic ...

Page 416: ...410 Lists ...

Page 417: ... A vector is represented by single brackets for example 1 2 3 A vector can be a real number vector or a complex number vector such as 1 2 7 3 Matrices Matrices are two dimensional arrays They are composed of at least two rows and at least one column Two dimensional matrices are represented by nested brackets for example 1 2 3 4 5 6 You can also create complex matrices for example 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 M...

Page 418: ...hown beside a vector You can also create and store matrices named or unnamed in Home view For example the command POLYROOT 1 0 1 0 M1 stores the roots of the complex vector of length 3 into the variable M1 M1 will thus contain the three roots of 0 1 and 1 Matrix Catalog buttons and keys The buttons and keys available in the Matrix Catalog are x 3 x 0 Button or Key Purpose Opens the highlighted mat...

Page 419: ...the left of the highlighted cell You are prompted to choose row or column Displays a menu for you to choose the small font medium font or large font A three way toggle that controls how the cursor will move after an element has been entered moves the cursor to the right moves it downward and does not move it at all Displays a menu for you to choose 1 2 3 or 4 columns to be displayed at a time C Re...

Page 420: ...ter them in the form a bi 5 By default on entering an element the cursor moves to the next column in the same row You can use the cursor keys to move to a different row or column You can also change the direction the cursor automatically moves by tapping The button toggles between the following options the cursor moves to the cell below the current cell when you press E the cursor moves to the cel...

Page 421: ...History or you can copy it from History When you ve entered a vector or matrix in the entry line or copied it from History to the entry line tap enter a name for it and press E The vector and matrix names variable names available to you are M0 through M9 The screen at the left shows the matrix 2 5 729 16 2 being stored in M5 Note that you can enter an expression like 5 2 for an element of the matr...

Page 422: ... sizing the matrix to allow the storage Any intermediate cells will be filled with zeroes To send a matrix You can send matrices between calculators just as you can send apps programs lists and notes See Sharing data on page 40 for instructions Matrix arithmetic You can use the arithmetic functions and powers with matrix arguments Division left multiplies by the inverse of the divisor You can ente...

Page 423: ...E To multiply and divide by a scalar For division by a scalar enter the matrix first then the operator then the scalar For multiplication the order of the operands does not matter The matrix and the scalar can be real or complex For example to divide the result of the previous example by 2 press the following keys n 2 E To multiply two matrices To multiply the two matrices that you created for the...

Page 424: ...an also raise a matrix to a power without first storing it as a variable Matrices can also be raised to negative powers In this case the result is equivalent to 1 matrix ABS power In the following example M1 is raised to the power of 2 AQ1kQ 2E To divide by a square matrix For division of a matrix or a vector by a square matrix the number of rows of the dividend or the number of elements if it is ...

Page 425: ...y of the Math menu To negate each element You can change the sign of each element in a matrix by pressing Q entering the matrix name and pressing E Solving systems of linear equations You can use matrices to solve systems of linear equations such as the following 2x 3y 4z 5 x y z 7 4x y 2z 1 In this example we will use matrices M1 and M2 but you could use any of the ten matrices available 1 Open t...

Page 426: ... showing as 3 4 Select and clear M2 and re open the Matrix Editor Press or to select M2 C E 5 Enter the equation coefficients 2E3E Tap in cell R1 C3 4E 1E1E Q1E 4EQ1 E2E 6 Return to Home view and left multiply the constants vector by the inverse of the coefficients matrix HA Q2 S ns A Q1E The result is a vector of the solutions x 2 y 3 and z 2 ...

Page 427: ...ckets For example CROSS M1 1 2 Menu format By default a Matrix function is presented on the Math menu using its descriptive name not its common command name Thus the shorthand name TRN is presented as Transpose and DET is presented as Determinant If you prefer the Math menu to show command names instead deselect the Menu Display option on page 2 of the Home Settings screen see page 26 Commands Fun...

Page 428: ...tes a matrix of dimension rows columns using expression to calculate each element If expression contains the variables I and J then the calculation for each element substitutes the current row number for I and the current column number for J You can also create a vector by the number of elements e instead of the number of rows and columns MAKEMAT expression rows columns MAKEMAT expression elements...

Page 429: ...danBlock Returns a matrix n x n with a on the diagonal 1 above and 0 everywhere else JordanBlock Expr a Intg n Hilbert Returns the order n Hilbert matrix Hjk 1 j k 1 j k 1 n hilbert Intg n Isometric Matrix of an isometry given by its proper elements mkisom Vect Sign 1 or 1 Vandermonde Returns the Vandermonde matrix V 0 V 1 vandermonde Vect V Basic Norm Finds the norm of a matrix ABS matrix Row Nor...

Page 430: ... except that in row nl pivot Mtrx A Intg nl Intg nc Trace Finds the trace of a square matrix The trace is equal to the sum of the diagonal elements It is also equal to the sum of the eigenvalues TRACE matrix Advanced Eigenvalues Displays the eigenvalues in vector form for matrix EIGENVAL matrix Eigenvectors Eigenvectors and eigenvalues for a square matrix Displays a list of two arrays The first co...

Page 431: ...d B U A V ismith Mtrx A Factorize LQ LQ Factorization Factorizes a m n matrix into three matrices L Q and P where L m n lowertrapezoidal Q n n orthogonal P m m permutation and P A L Q LQ matrix LSQ Least Squares Displays the minimum norm least squares matrix or vector corresponding to the system matrix1 X matrix2 LSQ matrix1 matrix2 LU LU Decomposition Factorizes a square matrix into three matrice...

Page 432: ...the singular values of matrix SVL matrix Vector Cross Product Cross Product of vector1 with vector2 CROSS vector1 vector2 Dot Product Dot Product of two arrays matrix1 and matrix2 DOT matrix1 matrix2 L2 Norm Returns the l2 norm sqrt x1 2 x2 2 xn 2 of a vector l2norm Vect L1 Norm Returns the l1 norm sum of the absolute values of the coordinates of a vector l1norm Vect Max Norm Returns the l norm th...

Page 433: ...x The TRN function swaps the row column and column row elements of a matrix For instance element 1 2 row 1 column 2 is swapped with element 2 1 element 2 3 is swapped with element 3 2 and so on For example TRN 1 2 3 4 creates the matrix 1 3 2 4 Reduced Row Echelon Form The set of equations can be written as the augmented matrix which can then be stored as a real matrix in any matrix variable M1 is...

Page 434: ...ill also work with inconsistent matrices resulting from systems of equations which have no solution or infinite solutions For example the following set of equations has an infinite number of solutions The final row of zeros in the reduced row echelon form of the augmented matrix indicates an inconsistent system with infinite solutions x y z 5 2x y 7 x 2y z 2 ...

Page 435: ...Note Catalog These notes are independent of any app The Note Catalog lists the notes by name This list excludes notes that were created in any app s Info view but these can be copied and then pasted into the Note Catalog via the clipboard From the Note Catalog you create or edit individual notes in the Note Editor Note Catalog button and keys While you are in the Note Catalog you can use the follo...

Page 436: ...re not specific to any app and can be viewed at any time by opening the Notes Catalog Such notes can also be sent to another calculator To create a note from the Notes Catalog 1 Open the Note Catalog SN Save creates a copy of the selected note and prompts you to save it under a new name Rename renames the selected note Sort sorts the list of notes sort options are alphabetical and chronological De...

Page 437: ...ing an app Your work is automatically saved To access your new note return to the Notes Catalog To create a note for an app You can also create a note that is specific to an app and which stays with the app should you send the app to another calculator See Adding a note to an app on page 96 Notes created this way take advantage of all the formatting features of the Note Editor see below Note Edito...

Page 438: ...or inserting formulas X Enters a space during text entry Moves from page to page in a multi page note SV Shows options for copying text in a note See below Copy option Mark where to begin a text selection Copy option Mark where to end a text selection Copy option Select the entire note Copy option Cut the selected text Copy option Copy the selected text C Deletes the character to the left of the c...

Page 439: ... Purpose Continued Purpose Keys Make the next character upper case A Lock mode make all characters uppercase until the mode is reset AA With uppercase locked make next character lowercase S With uppercase locked make all characters lowercase until the mode is reset SA Reset uppercase lock mode A Make the next character lower case AS Lock mode make all characters lowercase until the mode is reset A...

Page 440: ...tting options are described in Formatting Options below Formatting Options Formatting options are available from three touch buttons in the Note Editor and in the Info view of an app The formatting options are listed in the table below Category Options Font Size 10 22 pt Foreground Color Select from twenty colors Background Color Select from twenty colors Align text alignment Left Center Right Fon...

Page 441: ...you options for copying Marks where the copying or cutting is to begin Marks where the copying or cutting is to end Select the entire program Cut the selection Copy the selection 4 Select what you want to copy or cut using the options listed immediately above 5 Tap or 6 Open the Info view of the Function app I tap the Function app icon press SI 7 Move the cursor to the location where you want the ...

Page 442: ...436 Notes and Info ...

Page 443: ...nts enclosed in parentheses and separated by a comma For example PIXON xposition yposition Sometimes arguments to a command are optional If an argument is omitted a default value is used in its place In the case of the PIXON command a third argument could be used that specifies the color of the pixel PIXON xposition yposition color The last argument indicates which of four colors to use when light...

Page 444: ...tements enclosed within a BEGIN END pair For example the body of a simple program called MYPROGRAM could look like this EXPORT MYPROGAM BEGIN PIXON 1 1 END Comments When a line of a program begins with two forward slashes the rest of the line will be ignored This enables you to insert comments in the program EXPORT MYPROGAM BEGIN PIXON 1 1 This line is just a comment END The Program Catalog The Pr...

Page 445: ...ry is the app program for the active app if such a program exists See the App programs on page 459 for more information Program Catalog buttons and keys Button or Key Purpose Opens the highlighted program for editing Prompts for a new program name then opens the Program Editor Opens further menu options for the selected program Save Rename Sort Delete Clear These options are described immediately ...

Page 446: ... options are alphabetical and chronological Delete deletes the selected program Clear deletes all programs Transmits the highlighted program to another HP Prime or to a PC Debugs the selectedprogram Runs the highlighted program S or S Moves to the beginning or end of the Program Catalog C Deletes the selected program SJ Deletes all programs Button or Key Purpose Continued ...

Page 447: ...that will enclose the statements for the function H I N T A program name can contain only alphanumeric characters letters and numbers and the underscore character The first character must be a letter For example GOOD_NAME and Spin2 are valid program names while HOT STUFF contains a space and 2Cool starts with number and includes are not valid The Program Editor Until you become familiar with the H...

Page 448: ...to screen by tapping either side of this button Tap the left side of the button to display the previous page tap the right side to display the next page The left tap will be inactive if you have the first page of the program displayed Opens a menu from which you can choose from common programming commands The commands are grouped under the options Strings Drawing Matrix App Functions Integer I O M...

Page 449: ...electing variable names and values Sa Chars Displays a palette of characters If you display this palette while a program is open you can choose a character and it will be be added to your program at the cursor point To add one character highlight it and tap or press E To add a character without closing the characters palette select it and tap S and S Moves the cursor to the end or beginning of the...

Page 450: ...ap to open the menu of common programming commands for blocking branching looping variables and functions In this example we ll select a LOOP command from the menu 3 Select Loop and then select FOR from the sub menu Notice that a FOR_FROM_TO_DO _ template is inserted All you need do is fill in the missing information SC Deletes the character to the right of the cursor SJ Deletes the entire program...

Page 451: ...nd type a semicolon at the end of the command 9 Tap to check the syntax of your program 10 When you are finished press Sx to return to the Program Catalog or H to go to Home view You are ready now to execute the program Run a Program From Home view enter the name of the program with a pair of parentheses after it If the program takes any arguments insert these in the parentheses separated by comma...

Page 452: ...any other activity with the HP Prime If a program has arguments when you press a screen appears prompting you to enter the program parameters What you see will differ slightly depending on where you started the program If you start the program from the Home view the HP Prime displays the contents of Ans Home variable containing the last result when the program has finished If you start the program...

Page 453: ...les Let s debug the program created above MYPROGRAM 1 In the Program Catalog select MYPROGRAM Sx Select MYPROGRAM 2 Tap If there is more than one EXPORT function in a file a list appears for you to choose which function to debug While debugging a program the title of the program appears at the top of the display Below that is the current line of the program being debugged The current value of each...

Page 454: ...E repeatedly to execute the program step by step Tap to close the debugger at the current line of the program or tap to run the rest of the program without using the debugger Edit a program You edit a program using the Program Editor which is accessible from the Program Catalog 1 Open the Program Catalog Sx 2 Tap the program you want to edit or use the arrow keys to highlight it and press E The HP...

Page 455: ... program Cut the selection Copy the selection 4 Select what you want to copy or cut using the options listed immediately above 5 Tap or 6 Return to the Program Catalog and open the target program 7 Move the cursor to where you want to insert the copied or cut code 8 Press SZ Paste The clipboard opens What you most recently copied or cut will be first in the list and highlighted already so just tap...

Page 456: ...calculators just as you can send apps notes matrices and lists See Sharing data on page 40 The HP Prime programming language Variables and visibility Variables in an HP Prime program can be used to store numbers lists matrices graphics objects and strings The name of a variable must be a sequence of alphanumeric characters letters and numbers starting with a letter Names are case sensitive so the ...

Page 457: ...ow you to store different types in the same local variable this is poor programming practice and should be avoided Variables declared in a program should have descriptive names For example a variable used to store the radius of a circle is better named RADIUS than VGFTRFG You are more likely to remember what the variable is used for if its name matches its purpose If a variable is needed after the...

Page 458: ... dot and then the actual variable name For example the qualified variable Function Xmin refers to the value of Xmin within the Function app Similarly the qualified variable Parametric Xmin refers to the value of Xmin in the Parametric app Despite having the same name Xmin the variables could have different values You do likewise to declare a local variable in a program specify the name of the prog...

Page 459: ...d returned as the result of the function Note that the RETURN command causes the execution of the function to terminate Thus any statements between the RETURN statement and END are ignored In Home view in fact anywhere in the calculator where a number can be used you can enter ROLLDIE 6 and a random integer between 1 and 6 inclusive will be returned Program ROLLMANY Another program could use the R...

Page 460: ...k FROM 1 TO n DO ROLLDIE sides ROLLDIE sides roll L2 roll 1 L2 roll END END ROLLDIE n BEGIN RETURN 1 FLOOR RANDOM N END In this scenario assume there is no ROLLDIE function exported from another program Instead ROLLDIE is visible only to ROLLMANY The ROLLDIE function must be declared before it is called The first line of the program above contains the declaration of the ROLLDIE function The defini...

Page 461: ...o your particular needs For example you could assign e to a function that is multi nested on a menu and thus difficult to get to on a menu such as ALOG A customized keyboard is called the user keyboard and you activate it when you go into user mode User mode There are two user modes Temporary user mode the next key press and only the next enters the object you have assigned to that key After enter...

Page 462: ...the key being re assigned is pressed This text must be enclosed in quote marks The next time you want to insert ALOG at the position of your cursor you just press SWe You can enter any string you like in the RETURN line of your program For example if you enter M4 matrix M4 will be returned when you press the re assigned key You can even get the program to return user defined functions as well as s...

Page 463: ...S_6 KA_6 KSA_6 p K_7 KS_7 KA_7 KSA_7 q K_8 KS_8 KA_8 KSA_8 r K_9 KS_9 KA_9 KSA_9 c K_Abc KS_Abc KA_Abc KSA_Abc A K_Alpha KS_Alpha KA_Alpha KSA_Alpha I K_Apps KS_Apps KA_Apps KSA_Apps C K_Bksp KS_Bksp KA_Bksp KSA_Bksp o K_Comma KS_Comma KA_Comma KSA_Comma f K_Cos KS_Cos KA_Cos KSA_Cos n K_Div KS_Div KA_Div KSA_Div K_Dot KS_Dot KA_Dot KSA_Dot K_Down KS_Down KA_Down KSA_Down E K_Enter KS_Enter KA_Ent...

Page 464: ... KA_Plot KSA_Plot K_Plus KS_Plus KA_Plus KSA_Plus k K_Power KS_Power KA_Power KSA_Power e K_Sin KS_Sin KA_Sin KSA_Sin j K_Sq KS_Sq KA_Sq KSA_Sq Y K_Symb KS_Symb KA_Symb KSA_Symb g K_Tan KS_Tan KA_Tan KSA_Tan K_Up KS_Up KA_Up KSA_Up a K_Vars KS_Vars KA_Vars KSA_Vars V K_View KS_View KA_View KSA_View d K_Xttn KS_Xttn KA_Xttn KSA_Xttn W Z J K D F R B Internal name of keys and key states Key Name S ke...

Page 465: ...in the Views menu Using dedicated program functions These programs are run when the keys shown in the table below are pressed These program functions are designed to be used in the context of an app s S X Internal name of keys and key states Key Name S key A key AS key Program Name Equivalent Keystrokes Symb Symbolic view Y SymbSetup Symbolic Setup SY Plot Plot view P PlotSetup Plot Setup SP Num N...

Page 466: ...the first item in the Program Catalog It is within this program that you put functions to create a custom app A useful procedure for customizing an app is illustrated below 1 Decide on the HP app that you want to customize The customized app inherits all the properties of the HP app 2 Go to the Applications Library A highlight the HP app tap and save the app with a unique name 3 Customize the new ...

Page 467: ...ber of sides specified by the user The results are tabulated and can be viewed either in a table or graphically 1 In the Application Librray select the Statistics 1Var app but don t open it I Select Statistics 1Var 2 Tap 3 Enter a name for the new app such as DiceSimulation 4 Tap twice The new app appears in the Application Library 5 Open the new app 6 Open the Program Catalog Sx 7 Tap the program...

Page 468: ...d P but the functions Num and Plot in our app program will actually launch those views after doing some configuration The program discussed earlier in this chapter to get the number of sides for a dice is expanded here so that the possible sums of two such die are stored in dataset D1 Enter the following sub routines into the program for the DiceSimulation app The program DiceSimulation START BEGI...

Page 469: ...des N ENTER num sides 2 FLOOR SIDES SIDES IF SIDES 2 THEN MSGBOX Must be 2 END UNTIL SIDES 2 END VIEWS Set Rolls SETROLLS BEGIN REPEAT INPUT ROLLS Num of rolls N Enter numrolls 25 FLOOR ROLLS ROLLS IF ROLLS 1 THEN MSGBOX u must enter a num 1 END UNTIL ROLLS 1 END PLOT BEGIN 1 Xmin MAX D1 1 Xmax 0 Ymin MAX D2 1 Ymax STARTVIEW 1 1 END ...

Page 470: ... this chapter Here is DICESIMVARS Create a program with that name and enter the following code The program DICESIMVARS EXPORT ROLLS SIDES EXPORT DICESIMVARS BEGIN 10 ROLLS 6 SIDES END Press V to see the custom app menu Here you can set the number of sides of the dice the number of rolls and execute a simulation After running a simulation press P to see a histogram of your simulation results Progra...

Page 471: ...mand If you entered SQM1 8 in Home view the result returned would be 63 RETURN Syntax RETURN expression Returns the current value of expression KILL Syntax KILL Stops the step by step execution of the current program with debug Branch In what follows the plural word commands refers to both a single command or a set of commands IF THEN Syntax IF test THEN commands END Evaluate test If test is true ...

Page 472: ...nds3 END Executes sequence of commands1 If an error occurs during execution of commands1 executes sequence of commands2 IFERR ELSE IFERR commands1 THEN commands2 ELSE commands3 END Executes sequence of commands1 If an error occurs during execution of commands1 executes sequence of commands2 Otherwise execute sequence of commands3 Loop FOR Syntax FOR var FROM start TO finish DO commands Sets variab...

Page 473: ... MAXFACTORS 100 This syntax is not working as at build 3015 FOR STEP Syntax FOR var FROM start TO finish STEP increment DO commands Sets variable var to start and for as long as this variable is less than or equal to finish executes the sequence of commands and then adds 1 increment to var Example 2 This program draws an interesting pattern on the screen EXPORT DRAWPATTERN BEGIN LOCAL xincr yincr ...

Page 474: ... STEP increment DO commands Sets variable var to start and for as long as this variable is less than or equal to finish executes the sequence of commands and then adds 1 increment to var If DOWNTO is used the start value of the variable is decreased until the finish value is reached WHILE Syntax WHILE test DO commands END Evaluate test If result is true not 0 executes the commands and repeat Examp...

Page 475: ...s UNTIL test Repeats the sequence of commands until test is true not 0 The example below prompts for a positive value for SIDES modifying an earlier program in this chapter EXPORT SIDES EXPORT GETSIDES BEGIN REPEAT INPUT SIDES Die Sides N Enter num sides 2 UNTIL SIDES 0 END BREAK Syntax BREAK n Exits from loops by breaking out of n loop levels Execution picks up with the first statement after the ...

Page 476: ...Exports the function FunctionName so that it is globally available and appears on the User menu D VIEW Sets text that the user can see by pressing V KEY A prefix to a key name when creating a user keyboard See The User Keyboard Customizing key presses on page 455 Commands under the Cmds menu Strings A string is a sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes To put a double quote in a string us...

Page 477: ...m and dim n return 1 Notice the use of the two double quotes and the escape sequence STRING Syntax string object Returns a string representation of the object The result varies depending on the type of object string 2 3 results in string 2 3 Examples INSTRING Syntax inString str1 str2 Returns the index of the first occurrence of str2 in str1 Returns 0 if str2 is not present in str1 Note that the f...

Page 478: ...is optional if not specified extracts all the remainder of the string Example mid MOMOGUMBO 3 5 returns MOGUM mid PUDGE 4 returns GE ROTATE Syntax rotate str n Permutation of characters in string str If 0 n dim str shifts n places to left If dim str n 1 shifts n spaces to right If n dim str or n dim str returns str Examples rotate 12345 2 returns 34512 rotate 12345 1 returns 51234 rotate 12345 6 r...

Page 479: ...tes using the Cartesian plane defined in the current app by the variables Xmin Xmax Ymin and Ymax The remaining thirteen work with pixel coordinates where the pixel 0 0 is the top left pixel of the GROB and 255 126 is the bottom right Functions in this second set have a _P suffix to the function name C PX Converts from Cartesian coordinates to screen coordinates DRAWMENU Syntax DRAWMENU text1 text...

Page 480: ... and sx2 sy2 into the region of trgtGRB between points dx1 dy1 and dx2 dy2 Do not copy pixels from srcGRB that are color c trgtGRB can be any of the graphics variables trgtGRB can be any of the graphics variables and is optional The default is G0 srcGRB can be any of the graphics variables dx2 dy2 are optional and if not specified will be calculated so that the destination area is the same size as...

Page 481: ... have as many numbers as the height of the GROB Each number as seen in base 16 describes a line Two bits are used for each pixel 00 black 01 dark gray 10 light gray 11 white Hence each hex digit describes two pixels You can enter hexadecimal numbers using the 0xdigits syntax The first pixel of the line is defined by the least significant bit of the number the 2nd pixel by the second least signific...

Page 482: ...ed will be the bottom right of the graphic x1 y1 are optional and if not specified will be the top left of the graphic If only one x y pair is specified it refers to the top left LINE_P LINE Syntax LINE G x1 y1 x2 y2 c LINE_P G x1 y1 x2 y2 c Draws a line of color c on G between points x1 y1 and x2 y2 G can be any of the graphics variables and is optional The default is G0 c can be 0 to 3 0 black 1...

Page 483: ... default values represent the top left of the graphic x2 y2 are optional The default values represent the bottom right of the graphic edgecolor and fillcolor can be 1 to 3 1 transparent 0 black 1 dark gray 2 light gray 3 white edgecolor is optional The default is white fillcolor is optional The default is edgecolor To erase a GROB execute RECT G To clear the screen execute RECT When optional argum...

Page 484: ... srcGRB x1 y1 x2 y2 trgtGRB SUBGROB_P srcGRB x1 y1 x2 y2 trgtGRB Sets trgtGRB to be a copy of the area of srcGRB between points x1 y1 and x2 y2 srcGRB can be any of the graphics variables and is optional The default is G0 trgtGRB can be any of the graphics variables except G0 x2 y2 are optional and if not specified will be the bottom right of srcGRB x1 y1 are optional and if not specified will be ...

Page 485: ...specified is the current font selected in mode screen c1 can be 0 to 3 0 black 1 dark gray 2 light gray 3 white c1 is optional The default is black width is optional and if not specified no clipping is performed c2 can be 0 to 3 0 black 1 dark gray 2 light gray 3 white c2 is optional If not specified the background is not erased Example This program displays the successive approximations for using...

Page 486: ...column inserted before column_number in the specified matrix You enter the values as a vector These are not optional arguments The values must be separated by commas and the number of values must be the same as the number of rows in the matrix name ADDROW Syntax ADDROW name value1 valuen row_number Inserts values into a new row inserted before row_number in the specified matrix You enter the value...

Page 487: ...on start Start for a matrix is a list containing two numbers for a vector it is a single number REPLACE also works with lists graphics and strings For example REPLACE 123456 2 GRM 1GRM56 SCALE Syntax SCALE name value rownumber Multiplies the specified row_number of the specified matrix by value SCALEADD Syntax SCALEADD name value row1 row2 Multiplies the specified row1 of the matrix name by value ...

Page 488: ...the Function app STARTVIEW Syntax STARTVIEW draw Starts the nth view of the current app If draw is true that is not 0 it will force an immediate redrawing of the screen for that view The view numbers n are as follows Symbolic 0 Plot 1 Numeric 2 Symbolic Setup 3 Plot Setup 4 Numeric Setup 5 App Info 6 Views Menu 7 First special view Split Screen Plot Detail 8 Second special view Split Screen Plot T...

Page 489: ...s the bitwise logical AND of the specified integers Example BITAND 20 13 returns 4 BITNOT Syntax BITNOT int Returns the bitwise logical NOT of the specified integer Example BITNOT 47 returns 549755813840 BITOR Syntax BITOR int1 int2 intn Returns the bitwise logical OR of the specified integers Example BITAND 9 26 returns 27 BITSL Syntax BITSL int1 int2 Bitwise Shift Left Takes one or two integers ...

Page 490: ...r base 10 The base marker m can be b for binary o for octal or h for hexadecimal Example B R 1101b returns 13 GETBASE Syntax GETBASE integer m Returns the base for the specified integer in whatever is the current default base 0 default 1 binary 2 octal 3 hexadecimal Examples GETBASE 1101b returns 1h if the default base is hexadecimal while GETBASE 1101 returns 0h GETBITS Syntax GETBITS integer Ret...

Page 491: ... Examples SETBASE 34o 1 returns 11100b while GETBASE 1101 returns 0h if the default base is hexadecimal I O I O commands are used for inputting data into a program and for outputting data from a program They allow users to interact with programs These commands start the Matrix and List editors CHOOSE Syntax CHOOSE var title item1 item2 itemn Displays a choose box with the title and containing the ...

Page 492: ... list If used in programming returns to the program when user taps Example EDITLIST L1 edits list L1 EDITMAT Syntax EDITMAT matrixvar Starts the Matrix Editor and displays the specified matrix If used in programming returns to the program when user taps Example EDITMAT M1 edits matrix M1 GETKEY Syntax GETKEY Returns the ID of the first key in the keyboard buffer or 1 if no key was pressed since th...

Page 493: ... Updates the variable var if the user taps and returns 1 If the user taps it does not update the variable and returns 0 Example EXPORT SIDES EXPORT GETSIDES BEGIN INPUT SIDES D ie Sides N Enter num sides 2 END ISKEYDOWN Syntax ISKEYDOWN key_id Keys 14 19 Keys 20 25 Keys 26 30 Keys 31 35 Keys 36 40 Keys 46 50 Keys 41 45 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 12 13 Keys 0 13 Figure 26 1 Numbers of the keys ...

Page 494: ...turned x y original x etc had the parameter bee omitted or 1 if no pointer activity had occurred MSGBOX Syntax MSGBOX expression or string ok_cancel Displays a message box with the value of the given expression or string If ok_cancel is true displays the and buttons otherwise only displays the button Default value for ok_cancel is false Returns true non zero if the user taps false 0 if the user pr...

Page 495: ...TEXTOUT_P can be used for text output This example prompts the user to enter a value for the radius of a circle and prints the area of the circle on the terminal EXPORT AREACALC BEGIN LOCAL radius INPUT radius Radius of Circle r Enter radius 1 PRINT The area is radius 2 END Notice the use of the LOCAL variable for the radius and the naming convention that uses lower case letters for the local vari...

Page 496: ... ampersand character The syntax EXECON expression with list1 list2 listn Where the expression is plus an operator o plus a number n each element in the list is operated on by o and n and a new list created Examples EXECON 1 1 2 3 returns 2 3 4 Where the is followed directly by a number the position in the list is indicated For example EXECON 2 1 1 4 3 5 returns 3 1 2 In the example above 2 indicat...

Page 497: ...ed to can only be from 1 to 9 inclusive HMS Syntax HMS value Converts a decimal value to hexagesimal format that is in units subdivided into groups of 60 This includes degrees minutes and seconds as well as hours minutes and seconds Example HMS 54 8763 returns 54 52 34 68 HMS Syntax HMS value Converts a value expressed hexagesimal format to decimal format Example HMS 54 52 34 68 returns 54 8763 IT...

Page 498: ...r or exported from a user program They provide one of several mechanisms to allow programs to communicate with the rest of the calculator and with other programs Once a variable has been exported from a program it will appear among the User variables in the Variables menu next to the program that exported it This chapter deals with App variables and User variables For information on Home and CAS v...

Page 499: ... to invert the crosshairs 2 CrossType for blinking crosshairs GridDots Turns the background dot grid in Plot view on or off In Plot Setup view check or uncheck GRID DOTS In a program type 0 GridDots to turn the grid dots on default 1 GridDots to turn the grid dots off GridLines Turns the background line grid in Plot View on or off In Plot Setup View check or uncheck GRID LINES In a program type 0 ...

Page 500: ...adaptive fixed step segments or fixed step dots See Graphing methods on page 89 for an explanation of the difference between these methods In a program type 0 Method select adaptive 1 Method select fixed step segments 2 Method select fixed step dots Nmin Nmax Sequence Defines the minimum and maximum values for the independent variable Appears as the NRNG fields in the Plot Setup view In Plot Setup...

Page 501: ... select SeqPlot then choose Stairstep or Cobweb In a program type 0 SeqPlot for Stairstep 1 SeqPlot for Cobweb min max Polar Sets the minimum and maximum independent values In Plot Setup View enter values for RNG In a program type min max where step Polar Sets the step size for the independent variable In Plot Setup view enter a value for STEP In a program type step where Tmin Tmax Parametric Sets...

Page 502: ...e distance between tick marks on the vertical axis In Plot Setup View enter a value for Ytick In a program type Ytick where Xmin Xmax Sets the minimum and maximum horizontal values of the plot screen In Plot Setup View enter values for XRNG In a program type Xmin Xmax where Ymin Ymax Sets the minimum and maximum vertical values of the plot screen In Plot Setup View enter the values for YRNG In a p...

Page 503: ...program type Yzoom The default value is 4 Symbolic view variables AltHyp Inference Determines the alternative hypothesis used for a hypothesis testing Choose an option from the Symbolic view In a program type 0 AltHyp for 1 AltHyp for 2 AltHyp for E0 E9 Solve Can contain any equation or expression Independent variable is selected by highlighting it in Numeric View Example X Y X 2 Y E1 F0 F9 Functi...

Page 504: ...ype etc 0 Histogram default 1 Box and Whisker 2 Normal Probability 3 Line 4 Bar 5 Pareto Example 2 H3Type Method Inference Determines whether the Inference app is set to calculate hypothesis test results or confidence intervals In a program type 0 Method for Hypothesis Test 1 Method for Confidence Interval R0 R9 Polar Can contain any expression Independent variable is Example 2 SIN 2 R1 S1 S5 Stat...

Page 505: ... 4 Exponent 5 Inverse 6 Logistic 7 Quadratic 8 Cubic 9 Quartic 10 User Defined Example Cubic S2type or 8 S2type Type Inference Determines the type of hypothesis test or confidence interval Depends upon the value of the variable Method Make a selection from the Symbolic view Or in a program store the constant number from the list below into the variable Type With Method 0 the constant values and th...

Page 506: ... RECURSE U U N 1 N 1 2 U1 Numeric view variables C0 C9 Statistics 2Var C0 through C9 for columns of data Can contain lists Enter data in the Numeric view In a program type LIST Cn where 1 2 3 9 and LIST is either a list or the name of a list D0 D9 Statistics 1Var D0 through D9 for columns of data Can contain lists Enter data in the Numeric view In a program type LIST Dn where 1 2 3 9 and LIST is e...

Page 507: ...p view enter a value for NUMSTEP In a program type NumStep where NumType Function Parametric Polar Sequence Sets the table format From Numeric Setup view enter 0 or 1 In a program type 0 NumType for Automatic default 1 NumType for BuildYourOwn NumZoom Function Parametric Polar Sequence Sets the zoom factor in the Numeric view From Numeric Setup view type in a value for NUMZOOM In a program type Nu...

Page 508: ...erval sets the value of the mean of the second sample From the Numeric view set the value of Mean2 In a program type Mean2 The following variables are used to set up hypothesis test or confidence interval calculations in the Inference app Sets the assumed value of the population mean for a hypothesis test From the Numeric view set the value of In a program type where n1 Sets the size of the sample...

Page 509: ... of Pooled In a program type 0 Pooled for not pooled default 1 Pooled for pooled s1 Sets the sample standard deviation for a hypothesis test or confidence interval For a test or interval involving the difference of two means or two proportions sets the sample standard deviation of the first sample From the Numeric view set the value of s1 In a program type s1 s2 For a test or interval involving th...

Page 510: ...erval involving the difference of two proportions sets the number of successes of the first sample From the Numeric view set the value of x1 In a program type x1 x2 For a test or interval involving the difference of two proportions sets the number of successes of the second sample From the Numeric view set the value of x2 In a program type x2 Finance app variables The following variables are used ...

Page 511: ...e values represent return on an investment or loan IPYR Interest per year Sets the annual interest rate for a cash flow From the Numeric view of the Finance app enter a value for I YR In a program type IPYR where NbPmt Number of payments Sets the number of payments for a cash flow From the Numeric view of the Finance app enter a value for N In a program type NbPmt where PMT Payment value Sets the ...

Page 512: ... Finance app enter a value for Group Size In a program type GSize Linear Solver app variables The following variables are used by the Linear Solver app They correspond to the fields in the app s Numeric view LSystem Contains a 2x3 or 3x4 matrix which represents a 2x2 or 3x3 linear system From the Numeric view of the Linear Solver app enter the coefficients and constants of the linear system In a p...

Page 513: ...e SideB where SideC The length of Side C Sets the length of the side opposite the angle C From the Triangle Solver Numeric view enter a positive value for C In a program type SideC where AngleA The measure of angle Sets the measure of angle The value of this variable will be interpreted according to the angle mode setting Degrees or Radians From the Triangle Solver Numeric view enter a positive va...

Page 514: ... Solver view tap In a program type 0 RECT for the general Triangle Solver 1 RECT for the right Triangle Solver Modes variables The following variables are found in the Home Modes input form They can all be over written in an app s Symbolic setup Ans Contains the last result calculated in the Home view HAngle Sets the angle format for the Home view From Modes view choose Degrees or Radians for angl...

Page 515: ...ld Or in a program type 0 HComplex for OFF 1 HComplex for ON Date Returns the system date The format is YYYY MMDD This format is used irrespective of the format set on the Home Settings screen Time Returns the system time or sets the system time HHMMSS Time Language Sets the language From Modes choose a language for the Language field In a program store one of the following constant numbers into t...

Page 516: ...or unsigned 1 Signed for signed The following variables are found in the Symbolic setup of an app They can be used to overwrite the value of the corresponding variable in Home Modes AAngle Sets the angle mode From Symbolic setup choose System Degrees or Radians for angle measure System default will force the angle measure to agree with that in Modes In a program type 0 AAngle for System default 1 ...

Page 517: ...he Plot view From Symbolic setup choose Standard Fixed Scientific or Engineering in the Number Format field In a program store the constant number or its name into the variable AFormat 0 System 1 Standard 2 Fixed 3 Scientific 4 Engineering Example Scientific AFormat or 3 AFormat Results variables The Function Linear Solver Statistics 1Var Statistics 2Var and Inference apps offer functions that gen...

Page 518: ...512 Programming The results variables are listed with the apps that generate them See App variables on page 378 ...

Page 519: ...ould multiply 4 in base 16 by 71 in base 8 and the answer is E4 in base 16 This is equivalent in base 10 to multiplying 4 by 57 to get 228 You indicate that you are about to engage in integer arithmetic by preceding the number with the pound symbol got by pressing Az You indicate what base to use for the number by appending to the appropriate base marker Thus 11b represents 310 The base marker b i...

Page 520: ...nt bits that is the leading bits would be dropped thus the result of any calculation involving such a number would not be accurate The default base Setting a default base only affects the entry and display of numbers being used in integer arithmetic If you set the default base to binary 27 and 44 will still be represented that way in Home view and result of those numbers being added will still be ...

Page 521: ... markers being explicitly added to the operands was redisplayed in base 16 Changing the default base The calculator s default base for integer arithmetic is 16 hexadecimal To change the default base 1 Display the Home Settings screen SH 2 Choose the base you want from the Integers menu Binary Octal Decimal or Hex 3 The field to the right of Integers is the wordsize field This is the maximum number...

Page 522: ...tiplies 5710 by 410 Obviously the results too are mathematically equivalent However each is presented in the base of the operand entered first 16 in the first case and 8 in the second The exception is if an operand is not marked as an integer by preceding it with In these cases the result is presented in base 10 Integer arithmetic in the CAS You can perform integer arithmetic in the CAS However th...

Page 523: ...e integer Symbols beneath the bit representation show the keys you can press to edit the integer Note that this doesn t change the result of the calculation in Home view The keys are or Shift these keys shift the bits one space to the left or right With each press the new integer represented appears in the Out field and in the hex and decimal fields below it or Bits these keys increase or decrease...

Page 524: ...hange in one such field automatically modifies the other fields closes the dialog and saves your changes If you don t want to save your changes press J instead 3 Make whatever changes you want 4 To save your changes tap otherwise press J N o t e If you save changes the next time you select that same result in Home view and open the Edit Integer dialog the value shown in the Was field will be the v...

Page 525: ...he Home Settings screen When you disable functions you put the calculator into exam mode Before initiating exam mode you can choose to activate a light on the calculator that will flash periodically during exam mode The light is on the top edge of the calculator The light will help the supervisor of the examination detect if any particular calculator has dropped out of exam mode The flashing of li...

Page 526: ... create other configurations for the settings you will need less often There are two ways to access the screen for configuring and activating exam mode press O A c choose the third page of the Home Settings screen The procedure below illustrates the second method Modifying the default configuration 1 Press SH The Home Settings screen appears 2 Tap 3 Tap The Exam Mode screen appears You use this sc...

Page 527: ... the functions to be disabled tap If you want to activate exam mode now continue with Activating Exam Mode below To return to the default configuration 1 Press SH The Home Settings screen appears 2 Tap 3 Tap The Exam Mode screen appears 4 Choose Default Exam from the Configuration list 5 Tap select Reset from the menu and tap to confirm your intention to return the configuration to its default set...

Page 528: ...p The Exam Mode Configuration screen appears 8 Select those functions you want disabled and make sure that those functions you don t want disabled are not selected 9 When you have finished selecting the functions to be disabled tap If you want to activate exam mode now continue with Activating Exam Mode below Activating Exam Mode When you activate exam mode you prevent users of the calculator from...

Page 529: ...time out period has elapsed 5 If you want to erase the memory of the calculator select Erase memory This will erase all user entries and return the calculator to its factory default settings 6 If you want the exam mode indicator to flash periodically while the calculator is in exam mode select Blink LED 7 Using the supplied USB cable connect a student s calculator Insert the micro A connector the ...

Page 530: ...ap twice Modifying configurations Exam mode configurations can be changed You can also restore the default configuration To change a configuration 1 If the Exam Mode screen is not showing press SH tap and tap 2 Select the configuration you want to change from the Configuration list 3 Tap 4 Make whatever changes are necessary and then tap Deleting configurations You cannot delete the default exam c...

Page 531: ...Limiting functionality 525 3 Tap and choose Delete 4 When asked to confirm the deletion tap or press E ...

Page 532: ...526 Limiting functionality ...

Page 533: ...ut easier to use and it records all your settings and definitions button An option or menu shown at the bottom of the screen and activated by touch Compare with key CAS Computer Algebra System Use the CAS to perform calculations in symbolic mode Such calculations always return exact answers unlike calculations done in Home view which yield numeric approximations You can share results and variables...

Page 534: ...se the CAS You can share results and variables between the CAS and Home view and vice versa input form A screen where you can set values or choose options Another name for a dialog box key A key on the keypad as opposed to a button which appears on the screen and needs to be tapped to be activated Library A collection of items more speficially the the apps See also catalog list A set of values sep...

Page 535: ...or variable A name given to an object such as a number list matrix graphic and so on to assist in later retrieving it The command assigns a variable and the object can be retrieved by selecting the associated variable from the variables menu a vector A one dimensional array of values separated by commas and enclosed in single square brackets Created and manipulated by the Matrix Editor views The s...

Page 536: ...530 ...

Page 537: ...tings see below To restore factory settings If the calculator does not respond to a reset see above you should restore factory settings This will entirely erase the calculator s memory You will lose everything you have stored 1 Press and hold O then I and then J 2 Release all keys in the reverse order If the calculator does not turn on If the HP Prime does not turn on follow the steps below until ...

Page 538: ...40 C 104 F maximum Avoid getting the calculator wet Battery operates at 6 0V dc 80mA maximum Status messages Message Meaning Bad Argument Type Incorrect input for this operation Bad Argument Value The value is out of range for this operation Infinity error Math exception such as 1 0 Insufficient Memory You must recover some memory to continue operation Delete one or more customized apps matrices l...

Page 539: ...to assign a value to the variable of integration or summation index No equations checked You must enter and check an equation in the Symbolic view before entering the Plot view Receive Error Problem with data reception from another calculator Re send the data Too Few Arguments The command requires more arguments than you supplied Undefined Name The global variable named does not exist Undefined Re...

Page 540: ...534 ...

Page 541: ... can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an experience...

Page 542: ...ation write to Hewlett Packard Company P O Box 692000 Mail Stop 5301 13 Houston TX 77269 2000 For questions regarding this FCC declaration write to Hewlett Packard Company P O Box 692000 Mail Stop 510101 Houston TX 77269 2000 or call HP at 281 514 3333 To identify your product refer to the part series or model number located on the product Canadian Notice This Class B digital apparatus meets all r...

Page 543: ...product or product family and available in English only either within the product docu mentation or at the following web site www hp eu cer tificates type the product number in the search field The compliance is indicated by one of the following con formity markings placed on the product Please refer to the regulatory label provided on the prod uct The point of contact for regulatory matters is He...

Page 544: ...quipment by handing it over to a designated collection point for the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment The separate collection and recycling of your waste equipment at the time of disposal will help to conserve natural resources and ensure that it is recycled in a manner that protects human health and the environment For more information about where you can drop off your waste...

Page 545: ...y with legal requirements such as REACH Regulation EC No 1907 2006 of the European Parliament and the Council A chemical information report for this product can be found at http www hp com go reach Perchlorate Material special handling may apply This calculator s Memory Backup battery may contain perchlorate and may require special handling when recycled or disposed in California ...

Page 546: ...540 Product Regulatory Information ...

Page 547: ...87 Polar 193 reset 81 resetting 296 sending and receiving 296 Sequence 199 sorting 81 82 sorting the app list 297 Triangle Solver 213 app functions 502 Common 468 Finance 464 Function 460 Inference 464 Linear Solver 466 Statistics 1Var 462 Statistics 2Var 463 Triangle Solver 467 app variables list of 484 Mode 455 Numeric view 445 Plot view 437 Results 456 Symbolic view 441 app views Symbolic view ...

Page 548: ...ontext sensitive menu 17 copying display 35 notes 369 programs 396 correlation coefficient 163 covariance 161 critical value s displayed 170 D data set definition 154 DataStreamer 80 debugging programs 394 decimal changing format 28 default value returning to 18 define your own fit 160 defining functions 325 definite integral definition of 306 degree symbol 18 delete 18 delete an app 82 deleting l...

Page 549: ...14 format hexagesimal 22 fractions 37 full precision display 28 function definition of 480 entering 32 syntax 306 Function app 119 Function app functions 460 Function app variables results 456 summary 485 functions app 502 area 128 creating your own 325 definition of 119 intersection point 127 Math menu 497 slope 128 tracing 122 G Geometry app variables summary 485 gestures 14 glossary 479 graph b...

Page 550: ...rval 181 Inference app variables Numeric view 446 Results 460 summary 490 infinite result 510 insufficient memory 510 insufficient statistics data 510 integer functions 313 314 317 integral definite 306 invalid dimension 510 statistics data 510 syntax 510 inverse hyperbolic trig 312 K key 480 keyboard customizing 403 editing keys 17 entry keys 17 inactive keys 23 list catalog keys 335 L Library 48...

Page 551: ...47 deleting rows 347 determinant 355 displaying 349 displaying matrix elements 349 dividing by a square matrix 352 dot product 355 functions 354 359 inverting 352 matrix calculations 345 multiplying and dividing by scalar 351 multiplying by vector 351 negating elements 353 raised to a power 352 sending or receiving 350 singular value decomposition 359 size 358 storing matrix elements 350 swap row ...

Page 552: ...0 One Sample Z Test 173 order of precedence 33 P 308 Parametric app 187 define the expression 188 exploring the graph 190 parametric app variables 490 parentheses to close arguments 33 to specify order of operation 33 pareto plot 149 permutations 319 physical constants 331 509 pinch 15 plot box and whisker 149 cobweb 199 histogram 148 line 149 one variable statistics 148 pareto 149 scatter 162 sta...

Page 553: ...summary 486 sort apps 81 82 split screen 116 Spreadsheet app variables summary 486 square root 302 stack 42 stairsteps graph 199 standard number format 28 statistical data two variable 162 Statistics 1Var data set definition 142 deleting data 146 158 editing data 146 158 histogram range 150 width 150 inserting data 146 158 plot types 148 sorting data 146 158 Statistics 1Var app variables Results 4...

Page 554: ...rtion Z Test 176 Two Sample T Interval 184 Two Sample T test 179 Two Sample Z Interval 181 Two Sample Z Test 174 U undefined name 511 result 511 uppercase characters 366 Upper Tail Chi Square probability 320 Upper Tail Normal Probability 320 Upper Tail Snedecor s F probabil ity 320 Upper Tail Student s t probability 320 user defined regression fit 160 variables 399 user keyboard 403 user variables...

Page 555: ...Index 549 views definition of 481 W warning symbol 23 Where command 306 Z Z Intervals 180 183 zoom examples of 101 ...

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