Hyundai DHY22KSEm, Operation And Maintenance Manual

User manual 

9 

The

 

following

 

fuel

 

oil

 

specification

 

is

 

typical.

 

For

 

a

 

specific

 

engine

 

refer

 

to

 

manufacturers’

 

data

 

sheets

 

for

 

fuel

 

oil

 

details.

 

Fuel

 

Recommended

 

Physical

 

Properties

 

Feature

 

Viscosity

   

 

1.3

 

to

 

5.8

 

centistrokes

 

(1.3

 

to

 

5.8mm

 

per

 

second)

 

at

 

40°C

 

(104°F)

 

(ASTM

 

D445)

   

Cetane

 

Number

   

40

 

Minimum

 

above

 

0°C

 

(32°F)

 

~45

 

Minimum

 

below

 

0°C

 

(32°F)

 

(ASTM

 

D613)

 

Sulphur

 

Content

   

Not

 

to

 

exceed

 

0.5

 

mass

 

percent*

 

(ASTM

 

D129

 

or

 

1552)

 

Active

 

Sulfur

 

Copper

 

Strip

 

Corrosion

 

Not

 

to

 

exceed

 

No.

 

2

 

rating

 

after

 

three

 

hours

 

at

 

50°C

 

(122°F)

   

(ASTM

 

D130)

 

Water

 

and

 

Sediment

   

Not

 

to

 

exceed

 

.05

 

volume

 

percent

 

(ASTM

 

D1796)

 

Carbon

 

Residue

 

Not

 

to

 

exceed

 

0.35

 

mass

 

percent

 

on

 

10

 

volume

 

percent

 

residuum

 

(ASTM

 

D524

 

or

 

D189)

 

Density

   

42

 

to

 

30°

 

API

 

gravity

 

at

 

60°F

 

(0.816

 

to

 

0.876

 

g/cc

 

at

 

15°C).

 

(ASTM

 

D287)

 

Cloud

 

Point

   

6°C

 

(10°F)

 

below

 

lowest

 

ambient

 

temperature

 

at

 

which

 

the

 

fuel

 

is

 

expected

 

to

 

operate(ASTM

 

D97)

 

Ash

   

Not

 

to

 

exceed

 

0.02

 

mass

 

percent

 

(0.05

 

mass

 

percent

 

with

 

lubricating

 

oil

 

blending)

 

(ASTM

 

D482)

 

Distillation

   

The

 

distillation

 

curve

 

must

 

be

 

smooth

 

and

 

continuous

 

(ASTM

 

D86)

 

Acid

 

Number

   

Not

 

to

 

exceed

 

0.1

 

Mg

 

KOH

 

per

 

100

 

ML

 

(ASTM

 

D664)

 

Lubricity

   

3100

 

grams

 

or

 

greater

 

scuffing

 

BOCLE

 

test

 

or

 

Wear

 

Scar

 

Diameter

 

(WSD)

 

less

 

than

 

.45mm

 

at

 

60°C

 

(WSD

 

less

 

than

 

.38mm

 

at

 

25°C)

 

as

 

measured

 

with

 

the

 

HFRR

 

method.

 

Diesel

 

Fuel

 

Property

 

Definition

 

Ash

  ‐ 

Mineral

 

residue

 

in

 

fuel.

 

High

 

ash

 

content

 

leads

 

to

 

excessive

 

oxide

 

build

 

up

 

in

 

the

 

cylinder

 

and/

 

or

 

injector.

 

Cetane

 

Number

  ‐ 

Ignitability

 

of

 

fuel.

 

The

 

lower

 

the

 

cetan

 

number,

 

the

 

harder

 

it

 

is

 

to

 

start

 

and

 

run

 

the

 

engine.

 

Low

 

cetane

 

fuels

 

ignite

 

later

 

and

 

burn

 

slower.

 

This

 

could

 

lead

 

to

 

explosive

 

detonation

 

by

 

having

 

excessive

 

fuel

 

in

 

the

 

chamber

 

at

 

the

 

time

 

of

 

ignition.

 

In

 

cold

 

weather

 

or

 

with

 

prolonged

 

low

 

loads,

 

a

 

higher

 

cetane

 

number

 

is

 

desirable.

 

Sulphur

 ‐ 

Amount

 

of

 

sulphur

 

residue

 

in

 

the

 

fuel

 

.

 

The

 

sulphur

 

combines

 

with

 

the

 

moisture

 

formed

 

during

 

combustion

 

to

 

form

 

sulphuric

 

acid.

 

Viscosity

  ‐ 

Influences

 

the

 

size

 

of

 

the

 

atomized

 

droplets

 

during

 

injection.

 

Improper

 

viscosity

 

will

 

lead

 

to

 

detonation,

 

power

 

loss

 

and

 

excessive

 

smoke.

 

Fuels

 

that

 

meet

 

the

 

requirements

 

of

 

ASTM

 

or

 

2.0

 

diesel

 

fuels

 

are

 

satisfactory

 

with

 

fuel

 

systems.

 

2.8.2

 

Fuel

 

tank

 

Our

 

generator

 

sets

 

provide

 

base

 

frame

 

style

 

fuel

 

tank

 

for

 

customer.

 

The

 

base

 

frame

 

style

 

fuel

 

tank

 

is

 

installed

 

with

 

fuel

 

tank,

 

fuel

 

pipes

 

and

 

fuel

 

level

 

indicator.

 

This

 

fuel

 

supply

 

system

 

does

 

not

 

need

 

customer

 

to

 

make

 

other

 

installations.

 

Customers

 

only

 

need

 

to

 

add

 

fuel

 

to

 

the

 

base

 

frame.

 

Users

 

who

 

intend

 

to

 

self

 

manufacture

 

the

 

fuel

 

tank

 

shall

 

use

 

stainless

 

steel

 

or

 

steel

 

plate

 

to

 

make

 

the

 

backup

 

tank,

 

do

 

not

 

make

 

painting

 

or

 

galvanization

 

inside

 

of

 

the

 

fuel

 

tank

 

so

 

that

 

to

 

avoid

 

the

 

possible

 

chemical

 

reaction

 

between

 

these

 

kind

 

of

 

materials

 

and

 

diesel,

 

which

 

may

 

generate

 

the

 

material

 

harmful

 

to

 

the

 

generator

 

set

 

and

 

decrease

 

the

 

quality,

 

Merit

 

Rating

 

and

 

combustion

 

efficiency

 

of

 

diesel.

 

In

 

addition,

 

the

 

configuration

 

of

 

fuel

 

tank

 

assembly

 

shall

 

be

 

as

 

follows:

 

◆

Air

 

ventilation

 

pipe

 

above

 

fuel

 

tank

 

surface

 

◆

Manhole

 

on

 

the

 

top

 

surface

 

of

 

fuel

 

tank

 

◆

Watch

 

window

 

for

 

fuel

 

level

 

◆

Discharge

 

valve

 

at

 

the

 

bottom

 

of

 

fuel

 

tank

 

◆

Ground

 

cable

 

between

 

fuel

 

adding

 

hole

 

and

 

fuel

 

tank

 

◆

Separate

 

panel

 

with

 

holes

 

between

 

fuel

 

supply

 

area

 

and

 

fuel

 

return

 

area,

 

so

 

that

 

to

 

reduce

 

heat

 

exchange

 

◆

The

 

end

 

of

 

fuel

 

supply

 

pipe

 

shall

 

be

 

50mm

 

above

 

the

 

bottom

 

of

 

base

 

frame

 

so

 

that

 

to

 

avoid

 

the

 

deposit

 

and

 

water

 

at

 

the

 

bottom

 

of

 

fuel

 

tank

 

being

 

sucked

 

into

 

fuel

 

supply

 

pipe.

 

◆

Part

 

of

 

the

 

generator

 

sets’

 

fuel

 

level

 

shall

 

be

 

higher

 

than

 

the

 

position

 

of

 

fuel

 

injector,

 

so

 

that

 

to

 

avoid

 

fuel

 

return

 

from

 

fuel

 

injector,

 

which

 

cause

 

start

 

difficulty.

 

2.7.2

 

Installation

 

of

 

fuel

 

tank

 

◆

The

 

position

 

of

 

the

 

fuel

 

tank

 

shall

 

ensure

 

the

 

maximum

 

suction

 

fuel

 

head

 

is

 

no

 

less

 

than

 

2

 

meters.

 

Suction

 

fuel

 

head

 

of

 

the

 

fuel

 

transfer

 

pump

 

shall

 

be

 

calculated

 

from

 

the

 

bottom

 

of

 

the

 

fuel

 

tank.

 

◆

The

 

position

 

of

 

the

 

fuel

 

tank

 

shall

 

ensure

 

maximum

 

return

 

fuel

 

head

 

no

 

less

 

than

 

1.5

 

meters.

 

Return

 

fuel

 

head

 

shall

 

be

 

calculated

 

from

 

the

 

top

 

of

 

the

 

base

 

frame.

 

◆

The

 

arrangement

 

of

 

the

 

fuel

 

pipe

 

shall

 

avoid

 

the

 

fuel

 

being

 

affected

 

from

 

the

 

heat

 

elimination

 

from

 

generator

 

set

 

too

 

much.

 

◆

The

 

maximum

 

temperature

 

of

 

the

 

fuel

 

before

 

fuel

 

pump

 

shall

 

be

 

lower

 

than

 

60

 

degree

 

Celsius.

 

◆

No

 

leakage

 

of

 

fuel

 

and

 

air

 

is

 

allowed

 

in

 

the

 

fuel

 

inlet

 

and

 

fuel

 

return

 

pipe.

 

This

 

is

 

very

 

important.

 

◆

Hose

 

need

 

to

 

be

 

used

 

to

 

connect

 

generator

 

set

 

with

 

fuel

 

transfer

 

pipe.

 

If

 

the

 

generator

 

set

 

use

 

soft

 

connection

 

(through

 

vibration

 

reduction

 

unit),

 

hose

 

shall

 

be

 

used.

 

◆

When

 

engine’s

 

fuel

 

inlet

 

pipe

 

is

 

above

 

6

 

meters

 

and