IBM 5150, Technical Reference

Page 1: ......

Page 2: ...Personal Computer Hardware Reference _ Library Technical Reference...

Page 3: ...mation about IBM products machines or programs programming or services that are not announced in your country Such references or information must not be construed to mean that IBM intends to announce...

Page 4: ...rtified to comply with the Class B limits may be attachedto the computer Operation with non certified peripherals is likely to result in interference to radio and TV reception If peripherals not offer...

Page 5: ...iv...

Page 6: ...circuitry and function of the system board Section 2 Coprocessor describes the Intel 8087 coprocessor and provides programming and hardware interface information Section 3 Power Supply provides electr...

Page 7: ...pters available for the IBM Personal Computer family of products The manual is modular in format with each module providing information about a specific option or adapter Modules having a large amount...

Page 8: ...The term Guide to Operations manual in the option and adapter manual refers to the IBM Personal Computer Guide to Operations manual vii...

Page 9: ...e to Operations Suggested Reading BASIC for the IBM Personal Computer Disk Operating System DOS Version 1 1 Disk Operating System DOS Version 2 1 IBM Personal Computer Hardware Maintenance and Service...

Page 10: ...O Address Map 1 24 Other Circuits 1 25 Speaker Circuit 1 25 Cassette Interface 1 27 Cassette Circuit Block Diagrams 1 28 8255A I O Bit Map 1 31 System Board Switch Settings 1 33 Specifications 1 34 Ca...

Page 11: ...5 29 Quick Reference 5 29 SECTION 6 INSTRUCTION SET 6 1 8088 Register Model 6 3 Operand Summary 6 4 Second Instruction Byte Summary 6 4 Memory Segmentation Model 6 5 Use of Segment Override 6 5 Data...

Page 12: ...ications 8 3 Establishing a Communications Link 8 5 Establishing Link on Nonswitched Point to Point Line 8 6 Establishing Link on Nonswitched Multipoint Line 8 8 Establishing Link on Switched Point to...

Page 13: ...xii...

Page 14: ...INDEX TAB LISTING Section 1 System Board Section 2 Coprocessor Section 3 Power Supply Section 4 Keyboard Section 5 System BIOS Section 6 Instruction Set xiii...

Page 15: ...xiv...

Page 16: ...Section 7 Characters Keystrokes and Colors Section 8 Communications Glossary Bibliography Index xv...

Page 17: ...xvi...

Page 18: ...ry Ac keyboard Adlpttr Memory Rod Only Memory Math Coprocessor Optional Slot Expanded I O Channel Receivar Card 5Slot I O Channel Extender end Note A System to Adapter Compatibility Chart to identify...

Page 19: ...xviii...

Page 20: ...Interrupts 1 11 ROM 1 13 RAM 1 13 DMA 1 13 110 Channel 1 14 System Board Diagram 1 16 1 0 Channel Diagram 1 18 I O Channel Description 1 20 110 Address Map 1 24 Other Circuits 1 25 Speaker Circuit 1...

Page 21: ...Specifications 1 34 Card Specifications 1 34 Logic Diagrams 1 36 1 2 System Board...

Page 22: ...pter is installed what operation modes are desired when power is switched on color or black and white 80 or 40 character lines and the number of diskette drives attached The system board consists of f...

Page 23: ...program control This interface reads and writes the audio cassette at a data rate of between 1 000 and 2 000 baud The baud rate is variable and depend on data content because a different bit cell time...

Page 24: ...Data Flow Diagrams The following pages contain the system board Data Flow Diagrams System Board 1 5...

Page 25: ...825QA Interrupt Controller CLOCK RESET Contr 1 lines System Board Data Flow 1 of 2 1 6 System Board...

Page 26: ...System Board Data Flow 2 of 2 System Board 1 7...

Page 27: ...System Memory Map The following pages contain the System Memory Map 1 8 System Board...

Page 28: ...0 288K 48000 304K 4COOO 320K 50000 336K 54000 352K 58000 368K 5COOO 384K 60000 400K 64000 416K 68000 432K 6COOO 448K 70000 464K 74000 480K 78000 496K 7COOO 512K 80000 528K 84000 544K 88000 560K 8COOO...

Page 29: ...CCOOO 832K 00000 848K 04000 864K 08000 880K OCOOO 896K EOOOO 912K E4000 928K E8000 944K ECOOO 960K FOOOO 976K F4000 992K F8000 1008K FCOOO Function 128K Reserved Monochrome Color Graphics Fixed Disk C...

Page 30: ...m timing resolution of 1 05 us System Interrupts Of the eight prioritized levels of interrupt six are bussed to the system expansion slots for use by feature cards Two levels are used on the system bo...

Page 31: ...hronous Communications Alternate SDLC Communications BSC Communications Cluster Primary 4 Asynchronous Communications Primary SDLC Communications BSC Communications 5 Fixed Disk 6 Diskette 7 Printer C...

Page 32: ...ccess time of 250 ns and a cycle time of 375 ns RAM The RAM on the system board is as shown in the following chart System Board Minimum Maximum Memory Soldered Pluggable Storage Storage Modules Bank 0...

Page 33: ...hannel I is used to time and request refresh cycles from the DMA channel and Channel 2 is used to support the tone generation for the speaker Each channel has a minimum timing resolution of 1 05 us Of...

Page 34: ...me of 1 05 us byte All DMA transfers require five clocks for a cycle time of 1 05 us byte Refresh cycles occur once every 72 clocks approximately 15 us and require four clocks or approximately 7 of th...

Page 35: ...System Board Diagram The following shows the system board s component layout 1 16 System Board...

Page 36: ...J40J5 D 0 00000000 0000000 0 DDDDDDODI DODOOD 0 DDDDDDOO ODODDOD _ _ _ _ aO DOOD Cassette Microphone or Auxiliary Select System Board Component Diagram 0 System Board Power Connections Clock Chip Tri...

Page 37: ...1 0 Channel Diagram The following page contains the I O Channel Diagram Alllines are TTL compatible 1 18 System Board...

Page 38: ...W r lOR r DACK3 f DR03 r DACKl I DROl r DACKO r ClK B20 IR07 r IR06 r IR05 r IR04 IR03 r DACK2 r TIC I AlE f 5V OSC GND B31 Al Al0 A20 A31 Comp liD CH CK D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 DO 1 0 CH RDY AEN A19 A18...

Page 39: ...the microprocessor and other devices from the I O channel to allow DMA transfers to take place When this line is active high the DMA controller has control of the address bus data bus Read command lin...

Page 40: ...highest A request is generated by bringing a DRQ line to an active level high A DRQ line must be held high until the corresponding DACK line goes active I O CU CK I II0 Channel Check This line provid...

Page 41: ...are used to signal the microprocessor that an I O device requires attention They are prioritized with IRQ2 as the highest priority and IRQ7 as the lowest An Interrupt Request is generated by raising...

Page 42: ...is line is used to reset or initialize system logic upon power up or during a low line voltage outage This signal is synchronized to the falling edge of CLK and is active high o Terminal Count This li...

Page 43: ...s 3FO 3F7 Diskette 3F8 3FF Asynchronous Communications Primary 790 793 Cluster Adapter 1 B90 B93 Cluster Adapter 2 1390 1393 Cluster Adapter 3 2390 2393 Cluster Adapter 4 These are the addresses decod...

Page 44: ...s of the 8253 5 timer when using a 1 19 MHz clock input The timer gate also is controlled by an 8255A 5 PPI output port bit Address and bit assignment are in the I O Address Map PPI Bit 1 1 0 Address...

Page 45: ...ut 1 2 watt of power The control circuits allow the speaker to be driven three ways 1 a direct program control register bit may be toggled to generate a pulse train 2 the output from Channel 2 of the...

Page 46: ...sette connector The drive motor on off switching is controlled by an 8255A 5 PPI output port bit hex 61 bit 3 The 8255A 5 address and bit assignments are defined in I O Address Map earlier in this sec...

Page 47: ...r the cassette interface read hardware write hardware and motor control are illustrated below Cassette Data In 5V Silicon GND Diode Data From VIR 4V Cathode Cassette Recorder Earphone GND Jack Cassett...

Page 48: ...t 0 ___ 0 075V to MIC Input GND Cassette Interface Write Hardware Block Diagram 5V I 5V 4 7 kOhm SN75475 Relay 5V Clamp N O S Coil C Cassette 8 OR In VCC Out f Coil Motor Control Motor O On 0 r VSS Co...

Page 49: ...at 1A 500nA at 13V at 1 000 2 000 Baud 250 IlA at 0 68Vdc or 0 075Vdc All voltages and currents are maximum ratings and should not be exceeded Data out can be chosen using a jumper located on the syst...

Page 50: ...t Map shows the inputs and outputs for the Command Mode register on the system board Also shown are the switch settings for the memory display and number of diskette drives The following page contains...

Page 51: ...ode Register Value PA3 PA2 Sw1 4 Sw1 3 1 1 PA5 PA4 Sw1 6 Sw1 5 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 PA7 PA6 Sw1 8 Sw1 7 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 r IPL 5 1 4 Diskette Drive SW1 1 Reserved SW1 2 System Board Read Write SW 1 3 Memory...

Page 52: ...follows Cassette I O System Expansion Slots System J 1 0 J2 J3 J4 OJ5 o Board Power Connections D Clock Trimmer o000 Chip 11 Read IBM Math Only Coprocessor Memory Cl Intel 8088 000000ODIDDOIO Micropro...

Page 53: ...the system board I O channel 5 Vdc 5 on 2 connector pins 5 Vdc 10 on 1 connector pin 12 Vdc 5 on 1 connector pin 12 Vdc 10 on 1 connector pin GND Ground on 3 connector pins Card Specifications The sp...

Page 54: ...705 17 907 0 12 8 325 12 3 190 i 005 81 026 127 f 13 13 020 1333 502 50B l Notes 1 All Card Dimensions 2 Max Card Length is 13 15 334 01 4 31 Gold Tabs Each Side 5 Numbers in Parentheses are 010 254...

Page 55: ...Logic Diagrams The following pages contain the logic diagrams for the system board 1 36 System Board...

Page 56: ...A D N r 1 TEST LOCK 29 LOCK DE AS 10 I C3 I I AD7 3 T I AD6 18 0 L5373 0 2 LOCK 12 7 7 D 0 RESET 12 4 0 viii SOCKET flUf l l _ 8 __ _ V 5V xu 5V 0 0 A5 14 5 101 4D C _ 101 OD 18 NT I V 34 WGn 0 If rI...

Page 57: ...P NPI N PJNSTlSW 161 PCi X07 5 1 131 WRT IIMI REG 1101 110 eH CK 191 ENABLE 110 CI 111 ClK88 4 1Kn RIlI RDY wAIT 1 lS175 1 91t lKQ2 II 18 Uf1 8 ROY TO OMA 41 4 5 OMAAEN AEN BRD n 5 AEi 1 3 11 OMAWAIT...

Page 58: ...2 Y6 P L O HAS I U81 If I 15 XMEMW ADORSEL 161 111 A16 CASO 1 1 1 15 1 A17 2 B Yl 14 CAS1 16 C Y2 13 CAS2 111 Y3 12 CAS3 111 S138 9 SOB U47 Y4 y RASO 161 LJ G2B I Y P RASI 161 I C Y2 12 _S08 t GZA Y7...

Page 59: ...5 Ii i 1 lil l 0 0 o t Q Q l C r a I 0 a I E Q II VJ CD It N o t CD II I11111 11 Ii III Ii 1 40 System Board...

Page 60: ...ff En3a IIIIIII IIIIII 0 l 0 It Q Q C I 0 m E Q g I en a CD It N It CD g Sa8 s g 11i11i I I Iii IS I I III II U I Ii E E E E B B EE E S i E EEEE E E System Board 1 41...

Page 61: ...0 0 CD CD CD c tJ CD r E CD I en CD It N q CD 15CiS H dS S I C 5 I Ii I I 5Ii II 22 65 6 66 1 42 System Board...

Page 62: ...1 16 MA2 I 16 MAl III MA I r 3 3 3 CASJ 00 Il n I a MOP MDD MOl MD3 MD J ii l VssP L GilD MD4 MOS MD Mon VCC 5V Wl U _ BAlK 2 MOP MOD 2 IUOUT MOl Z 14 DDUT DII1DOUT MD2 MD3 VSS GIID vcd 5V 4 JRA S Is...

Page 63: ...Ii r a i a ill 1 T NO 0 0 iii I i I i il Ii Ii ff ii is li iii9 i ie i i9 ii II O ON lit II 0_ 0 1 44 System Board...

Page 64: ...gl o a lr J N N J 6 lS I o u i 11 R l iii i y en II III Q Ii Q c is_ i f f il 11 rJ a C g I I U1 c ca m o II In c 1 tt tttl E i is en I _N fdJJL I III Q LO It IS I N JF c 22 I C 11 N Hi Q I i g t lSC...

Page 65: ...11 A2 B 1m IR06 111 111 13 IR01 111 B31 All rn 111 A4 B J1 IS COII ECTORS TOTAl 11 A5 lB 11 AB ORO 1 141 Bii6 111 A7 OR02 141 PWRGOOD 11 ill AI M OR03 141 111 111 A9 POWER 111 AtO B COil 111 Al1 111 A...

Page 66: ...SECTION 2 COPROCESSOR Contents Description 2 3 Programming Interface 2 3 Hardware Interface 2 4 Coprocessor 2 1...

Page 67: ...2 2 Coprocessor...

Page 68: ...peration code the microprocessor calculates the address of any variables in memory while the coprocessor checks the instruction The coprocessor takes the memory address from the microprocessor if nece...

Page 69: ...5 99 99 18 digits Short Real 32 6 7 8 43x1 0 37 5 X 5 3 37x1 038 Long Real 64 15 16 4 19x10 307 5 X 51 67x10308 Temporary Real 80 19 3 4x 10 4932 5 X 5 1 2x104932 The short and long real data types c...

Page 70: ...usy signal from the coprocessor while the coprocessor is waiting for the microprocessor to interrupt Because a memory parity error may also cause an interrupt to the microprocessor NMI line the progra...

Page 71: ...er Bus System Interface Bus Components 8284 Clock Generator ClKI ClK Math Coprocessor L IINT RO GTI Coprocessor Interconnection Detailed information for the internal functions of the Intel 8087 Coproc...

Page 72: ...tion 3 3 Input Requirements 3 4 Outputs 3 4 Vdc Output 3 4 Vac Output 3 5 Overvoltage Overcurrent Protection 3 5 Primary Input 3 5 Secondary Output 3 5 Power Good Signal 3 6 Power Supply Connectors an...

Page 73: ...3 2 Power Supply...

Page 74: ...t 5 Vdc and 0 25 A at 12 Vdc These outputs are overvoltage overcurrent open circuit and short circuit protected If a dc overload or overvoltage condition occurs all dc outputs are shut down as long as...

Page 75: ...nal Minimum Maximum 3Hz Maximum 120 104 127 60 2 5 at 104 Vac 220 240 180 259 50 1 0at 180Vac Outputs Vdc Output The following are the de outputs for the system unit power supply Voltage Vdc Current A...

Page 76: ...Protection The system power supply employs the protection features which are described below Primary Input The following table describes the primary input voltage protection for the system unit power...

Page 77: ...above its maximum sense level the power good signal will be TTL compatible down level 0 0 Vdc to 0 4 Vdc capable of supplying 500 LA The power good signal has a turn on delay of 100 ms after the outp...

Page 78: ...onochrome Display Power Connector t Il Key Pin 4 5 Vdc Pin 3 Ground Pin 2 Ground Pin 1 12 Vdc Pin 4 5 Vdc Pin 3 Ground Pin 2 Ground Pin 1 12 Vdc Pin 6 5 Vdc Pin 5 5 Vdc Pin 4 5 Vdc Pin 3 5 Vdc Pin 2 G...

Page 79: ...3 8 Power Supply...

Page 80: ...SECTION 4 KEYBOARD Contents Description 4 3 Block Diagram Keyboard Diagrams 4 5 4 4 Connector Specifications 4 12 Keyboard Logic Diagram 4 13 Keyboard 4 1...

Page 81: ...4 2 Keyboard...

Page 82: ...trol calculator pad and screen edit The keyboard interface is defined so that system software has maximum flexibility in defining certain keyboard operations This is accomplished by having the keyboar...

Page 83: ...board routines required to implement non U S keyboards refer to the Guide to Operations and DOS manuals Block Diagram 8255A5 LS322 PAO lOH OH PA1 OG PA2 OF PA3 OE PA4 I PA5 l PA6 4 PA7 4 PB7 PB6 Keybo...

Page 84: ...Keyboard Diagrams The IBM Personal Computer keyboard is available in six layouts U S English U K English French German Italian Spanish The following pages show all six keyboard layouts Keyboard 4 5...

Page 85: ...8 J i DIEJJ O ElQ EJj sJrEJr 1 E JrEJIEJrEJIElr010ID I l 6 EJIEJJ iuEUICJt r r rtJrEJ1 IEJIDn Jr JornlEJI gr Jr Q a 6if T 6BEJ 11 6 1 r lij 57 r Cap r rlrolOtTT luI J wuul lock W lLLu F10 Note Nomencl...

Page 86: ...i 28 71 r I IEJJ 811 tDEIJfEJr ltJIUIEJTEJIEJr l TDf lJ L l l1D g TEJIEJJ lu IDrEJIEJr rEJr r IEJIOT T JJ EJaDI JI I Q TEJIBJ 5QEIJj 57 JE OlO OlCEU Note Nomenclature is on both the top and front fac...

Page 87: ...JJ l EJlrJj lDEJ tlr rEJ1 rEJrrJrEJr r r r i I l 6 EJIEJJ 1UE1Jr JIEJy Jr JrEJrEJrEJr JIDr rDJ BaBI gr Jr J 67n68D 50EJII 57 J58 Caps OOfOlO rr S lCJ DJ UJ Lo k i l l lLeu All 9 Note Nomenclature is o...

Page 88: ...rEJlll T 71QI I QIEJJ iEJIEJJ m1tJl rEJ11 JrEJlrJlEJrr Jl rEJi 1I km Jl g 6 EJIEJJ i ElJl TEJrEJr Jr Jr rEJtrJl r r JltEIlEJI I JH J a 678680 Ir Uj 57 r BOIolOfrT I Cap It j l F9 1 LJ J wuu n Lock i l...

Page 89: ...IEJ J r EJIEJJ lDE 1 EJrEJrEJ10EJT 1 1 1 1 fDi 1DiI J1 tEJ I EJ J iBi DliJIEllViEJTEJltJtJior010llETaEJIgJDilQlrl 9 67 168 0 50EJ I 57 r Cap 1 un Ot r r l F9 1 LJ J u Lock l Je JLi Note Nomenclature i...

Page 90: ...JlrJI JrpK 2S 71gr I IEJJ a I EJIEJJ EI I r rEJr rEJi lEJl1 JrEl1 EJl1JID B I l TEJIEJJ 1UELr I JIEJr Jr Jr ltJIEJrDr JrDroaEJr gl JI l 67EJ6S 0 I F9 lL JJ l a I I I 50EJI 57 V S SOfOlOt rl e C All lo...

Page 91: ...ctor 5 Pin DIN Connector Pin TTL Signal Signal Level 1 Keyboard Clock 5Vdc 2 Keyboard Data 5 Vdc 3 Keyboard Reset Not used by keyboard Power Supply Voltages Voltage 4 Ground 0 5 5 Volts 5 Vdc Keyboard...

Page 92: ...Keyboard Logic Diagram I I 3 c c I iii c III lit lit g I f I e i 0 CP CP C a s 0 l I CP E e I I ir r L jjr L w IE iI Keyboard 4 13...

Page 93: ...4 14 Keyboard...

Page 94: ...ROM Modules 5 13 Keyboard Encoding and Usage 5 14 Encoding 5 14 Extended Codes 5 18 Shift States 5 19 Special Handling 5 20 Extended Functions 5 21 Keyboard Usage 5 22 BIOS Cassette Logic 5 25 Softwar...

Page 95: ...5 2 System BIOS...

Page 96: ...f hardware devices The BIOS interface insulates the user from the hardware thus allowing new devices to be added to the system yet retaining the BIOS level interface to the device In this manner user...

Page 97: ...ter is used at input to indicate the desired operation For example to set the time of day the following code is required MOV AU l function is to set time of day MOV CX UIGU_COUNT establish the current...

Page 98: ...ory MEMORY SIZE DETERMINE 4C 4F 13 Diskette Disk DISKETTE 10 50 53 14 Communications RS232 10 54 57 15 Cassette CASSETTE 10 58 5B 16 Keyboard KEYBOARD 10 5C 5F 17 Printer PRINTER iO 60 63 18 Resident...

Page 99: ...set in case an operation was underway at that time Interrupt Hex 1C Timer Tick This vector points to the code to be executed on every system clock tick This vector is invoked while responding to the t...

Page 100: ...in ROM To access the second 128 code points this vector must be established to point at a table of up to 1K bytes where each code point is represented by eight bytes of graphic information At power o...

Page 101: ...RS 232C cards attached to the system Locations hex 408 to 40F contain the base addresses of the Printer Adapter Memory locations hex 300 to 3FF are used as a stack area during the power on initializa...

Page 102: ...97 25 DOS Absolute Disk Read 98 9B 26 DOS Absolute Disk Write 9C 9F 27 DOS Terminate Fix In Storage AO FF 28 3F Reserved for DOS 100 17F 40 5F Reserved 180 19F 60 67 Reserved for User Software Interru...

Page 103: ...peration Not Active or Successful Print Screen Operation 1 Print Screen In Progress 255 Error Encountered during Print Screen Operation 504 DOS Single Drive Mode Status Byte 510 511 BASIC BASIC s Segm...

Page 104: ...text 30 2 Offset into segment of start of variables 358 2 end of program text 1 1 Keyboard buffer contents 6A 1 if O no characters in buffer if 1 characters in buffer Character color in graphics mode...

Page 105: ...n Hex 00000 BIOS Interrupt Vectors 00080 Available Interrupt Vectors 00400 BIOS Data Area 00500 User Read Write Memory caooo Disk Adapter FOOOO Read Only Memory FEOOO Bios Program Area BIOS Memory Map...

Page 106: ...and future applications Adapter Cards with System Accessible ROM Modules The ROM BIOS provides a facility to integrate adapter cards with on board ROM code into the system During the POST interrupt ve...

Page 107: ...executing a far return Keyboard Encoding and Usage Encoding The keyboard routine provided by IBM in the ROM BIOS is responsible for converting the keyboard scan codes into what will be termed Extended...

Page 108: ...re returned in AL Key Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Base Case Esc 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Backspace 008 009 q w UpperCase Esc Backspace 008 i Note 1 Q W Character Codes Part 1 of 3 Ctrl...

Page 109: ...FF 012 Note 1 39 1 1 40 1 1 41 1 1 42 Shift 1 1 1 1 51 1 1 52 1 1 43 I I FS 028 1 44 z Z SUB 026 Note 1 45 x X CAN 024 Note 1 46 c C ETX 003 Note 1 47 v V SYN 022 Note 1 48 b B STX 002 Note 1 49 n N S...

Page 110: ...83 have meaning orily in base case in Num Lock or shifted states or in Ctrl state Note that the Shift key temporarily reverses the current Num Lock state Key Num Number Lock Base Case Alt Ctrl 71 7 Ho...

Page 111: ...Alt Q W E R T Y U I 0 P 30 38 AltA S D F G H J K l 44 50 AltZ X C V B N M 59 68 F1 to F10 Function Keys Ba e Case 71 Home 72 t 73 Page Up and Home Cursor 75 77 79 End 80 81 Page Down and Home Cursor 8...

Page 112: ...key is used with the Alt and Del keys to cause the system reset function with the Scroll Lock key to cause the break function and with the Num Lock key to cause the pause function The system reset bre...

Page 113: ...he Scroll Lock key a second time reverses the action The keyboard routine simply records the current shift state of the Scroll Lock key It is the responsibility of the system or application program to...

Page 114: ...se key is thrown away Pause is handled within the keyboard routine Print Screen The combination of the Shift and PrtSc key 55 keys will result in an interrupt invoking the print screen routine This ro...

Page 115: ...EOS Advance word Reverse word Window Right Window Left Enter insert mode Key s Home Home t PgUp Key 75 End Pg Dn Ins Del _Key 14 J I Ctrl Home t Ctrl End Esc Ctrl Prt Sc Key 55 Ctrl PgDn Ctrl Ctrl_ C...

Page 116: ...el Ctrl PgUp F1 F1 Shift F1 F1 Ctrl F1 F1 Alt F1 F10 Alt Keys 2 13 1 9 0 AltA Z Line editor Command entry text entry Stop list stop program and so on Resumes on any key Interrupt current process Reboo...

Page 117: ...sor to end of line End BASIC Screen Editor Special Functions Function Suspend Echo to printer Stop echo to printer Exit current function break Backspace Line feed Cancel line Copy character Copy until...

Page 118: ...s into memory starting at Address ES BX Return actual number of bytes read in DX Return Cassette Status in AH AH 3 Write Tape Block Write CX bytes onto cassette starting at Address DS BX Return Casset...

Page 119: ...written is not an integral multiple of 256 then after the last desired data byte from memory has been written the data block is extended to 256 bytes of writing multiples of the last data byte The la...

Page 120: ...ad and compared to the CRC generated If a CRC error is detected the routine exits with the carry flag set to indicate an error and the status of AH set to hex 01 DX contains the number of bytes writte...

Page 121: ...they are passed through the eRe register in software After a block of data is written the complemented value of the calculated eRe register is written on the tape On reading the cassette data the eRe...

Page 122: ...Keyboard Diskette Printer Display System Configuration Analysis Memory Size Determination Equipment Determination Cassette II0 Support Graphics Character Generator Time of Day Print Screen Line Page N...

Page 123: ...TUS REG PORT ADDR 27 DM EOU 00 DMA CHANNEL 0 ADDR REG PORT ADDR 28 tlAX PERlOO EOU 540H 2 I1IN_PERIOD EOU 410H 10 KBD_IN EOU 60 1 KEYBOARD DATA IN ADOR PORT II KBOINT EOU 02 KEYBOARD INTR MASK 12 KB_O...

Page 124: ...W I POINTER TO HEAD OF KEYBOARD BUFfER BUFFER_TAll OW I POINTER TO TAIL OF KEYBOARD BUFFER 111 KB_BUFFER OW 16 DUPI J I ROOM FOR 15 ENTRIES 112 11 114 J HEAD TAll UIJICATES THAT THE BUFFER IS EMPTY 11...

Page 125: ...CRC REGISTER 006B 11 17 DB LAST INPUT YAWE In 174 175 TIMER DATA AREA 176 1 OObC 177 TIMER_LOW ow i LOW WORD OF TIMER COUNT 006E 11 178 TIMER_HIGH OW HIGH WORD OF TIMER tOUNT 0070 11 179 TIMER_On DB 1...

Page 126: ...Ctrr EOIB Fe 257 eLD I SET OIR flAG Tn INCREMENT EOIC 8BD9 Z58 MOV BX cx i SAVE BYTE CNT 4K FOR VIDEO OR 16K OlE 88AAAA Z59 HOV AX DAAAAH GET DATA PATTERN TO WRITE E021 BASSFF 26 I10V DX OFF55H SETUP...

Page 127: ...l GO TO ERR ROUTINE IF AF HOT SET E06E 8040 321 MOV AL 40H SET THE OF FLAG ON E070 ODED 322 SHL AL I SETUP FOR TESTING E072 7139 323 Jt IO ERROl I GO TO ERR ROUTINE IF OF NOT SET E074 32E4 324 XOR AH...

Page 128: ...T REGISTERS FOR All CHAWHElS INITIALIZE AND 397 START OMA FOR MEMORY REFRESH 398 1 EOD3 8004 399 MOV AL 04 DISABLE OHA CONTROllER EOD5 E608 400 OUT OMA08 AL 401 4 VERIFY THAT TIMER 1 FlNCTIONS OK 403...

Page 129: ...AL j SET PATTERN TO 0 462 JZ C16 I WRITE TO CH El REGS 3 464 1 INITIALIZE AND START OMA FOR MEMORY REFRESH 7 46 6 HOY DS BX SET UP ABSO INTO OS AN ES HOY ES BX 468 ASSUME DS ABSO ES ABSO 469 47 t10V A...

Page 130: ...WITCH VALUES 536 NOV BL AL SAYE 537 MOV AH 32 538 NUL AH J CALC LENGTH 53 MOV DATA WORDlOFFSET IO RAM SIZEJ AX 1SAYE IT 54 JZ C21 541 MOV DX lOOOH I SEGMENT FOR I O RAM 542 MOV AM At 543 MOV Al O 544...

Page 131: ...CHECK FOR HOT INTERRUPTS 635 636 1 INTERRUPTS ARE MASKED OFF CHECK THAT NO INTERRUPTS OCClII 637 638 XOR AH AH j CLEAR AH REG 639 sn ENABLE EXTERNAL INTERRUPTS 64 SUB CX CX WAIT 1 SEC FOR ANY INTRS T...

Page 132: ...702 INC DI E282 E2F6 703 LOOP EIA E284 E640 704 OUT TIMER Al I WRITE 58 TO TIMER 0 REG E286 IF 70S POP DS j RECOVER DATA SEG POINTER 70 707 SETUP TIMER 0 TO BLINK LEO IF MANUFACTURING TEST MODE 70 E2...

Page 133: ...RESAVE VALUE E2F6 8e0080 780 MOV BX OBOOOH I BEG VIDEO RAM ADOR BIW CO E2F9 8AB803 781 MOV DX 3B8H HODE REG FOR BIW E2FC B90010 782 MOV CX 4096 I RAM BYTE CNT FOR BIW CO E2FF BOOI 783 HOV AL I SET MO...

Page 134: ...RSOR E35E 58 852 pop AX i GET VIOEO SENSE SWS AH nSF 8400 E361 COlO 853 854 MOV INT AH O N SET MODE AND DISPLAY CURSOR CALL VIDEO 110 PROCEDURE 855 E363 856 Db3 BAooeo 857 MOV OX OCOOOH 366 858 ElBA E...

Page 135: ...ACK THROUGH WITH DATA OF 5555 EXP_ERR 21 HOY SI OFFSET F3B CAll P_HSG 23 1 4 ADDITIONAL REAO WRITE STORAGE TEST 5 DESCRIPTION lTE READ DATA PATTERNS TO ANY READ WRITE STORAGE 7 AFTER TItE BASIC 16K ST...

Page 136: ...____________________________ _ 1006 ASSUME OS DATA E438 1007 TSTl2 E438 1F 100 POP E43C 603E120001 1009 eMP MANUFACTURING TEST MODE E441 742 1010 F7 I YES SKIP KEYBOARD TEST J E443 E6FOOl lOll I ISSUE...

Page 137: ...READ CASSETTE INPUT 1076 1079 IH AL PORT_C I READ VALUE OF CASS IN BIT 1060 AND AL lOH j ISOLATE FROM OTHER BITS 1081 MOV LAST_VAL AL 1082 CALL READ_HALF_BIT 1083 CALL READ_HALF_BIT 1084 JCXZ Fe 1085...

Page 138: ...AVE IT 514 BOle 1160 MOV AL lCH TURN MOTOR ON EN DMA INT 516 EE 1161 OUT DX Al I WRITE FDC CONTROL REG E517 2BC9 1162 sue CX CX 519 1163 F11 519 E2FE 1164 LOOP Fll I WAIT FOR 1 SECOH 518 1165 F12 51B...

Page 139: ...LAG TO INDICATE tM1BER OF PRINTERS At IJ RS232 CARDS 1235 596 1236 Fl9 i BASE_END ES96 8BC6 1237 MOV AX SI I 51 HAS 2 tM18ER OF RS232 E598 BI03 1236 MOV Cl 3 SHIFT COUNT ES9A D2C6 1239 000 Al Cl I ROT...

Page 140: ...E2FE 1314 lOOP G6 600 If 1315 POP OS I RESTORE ORIG CONTENTS OF os 601 9D 1316 POPf RESTORE flAGS TO ORIG SETTINGS 602 C3 1317 RET RETURN TO CALLER 1318 ENDP 1319 1320 1 ROUTINE TO SOlH BEEPER 1321 6...

Page 141: ...L J WRITE 6255 PORT B 1383 MOV CX 10562 HOLD KBD CLK LOW FOR 20 HS 1384 1385 LOOP G6 LOOP FOR 20 HS 1386 t10V AL OCCH SET CLK ENABLE lINES HIGH 1387 OUT PORT_B AL 1388 SP_TEST J ENTRY FOR MANUFACTURIN...

Page 142: ...S6 PROC NEAR EbBA 88118 1467 CAll DDS fbeD 803 120001 1468 CHP MFG_TST I I1F6 TEST MOOE 6e2 7505 1469 JNE G12 J NO DISPLAY ERROR MS6 E6C4 MOl 1470 MOV DH I I YES SETUP TO BEEP SPEAKER EfoC6 E906FF 147...

Page 143: ...ESSFUL READ 724 E2 E5 1543 LOOP HI 1 DO IT FOR RETRY TIMES 1544 1545 1 lR IABLE TO IPL FROI 1 THE DISKETTE 15 726 1547 H3 1 CASSETTE_JU1P E7t6 COIS 1548 INT 18H i USE INTERRUPT VECTOR TO GET TO BASIC...

Page 144: ...E7U 1618 Al LABEL WORD TABLE OF INlT VALUE E729 1704 1619 OW 1047 I 110 BAUD E72B 0003 16Z0 OW 766 j 150 E72D 8001 1621 OW 364 300 E72F COOO 1622 OW 192 i 600 Enl 6000 E733 3000 1623 16Z4 OW OW 46 12...

Page 145: ...CS DIl 1 GET lOW ORDER OF DIVISOR 1687 OUT DX Al i SET lOW OF DIVISOR 1688 ADD DX 3 1689 MOV Al AH GET PARMS BACK 1690 AND Al OlFH STRIP OFF THE BAUD BITS 1691 OUT DX Al lINE CONTROL TO 8 BITS 1692 D...

Page 146: ...AH LAST STATUS READ 1773 E7F 1774 WAITJOR STATUS PROC NEAR E7FZ 8A5D7C 1775 MOV BL RS232 TI OUT DI J LOAD OUTER LOOP COUNT E7FS 1776 WFSO E7F5 ZBC9 1777 SlJ l cx ex E7F7 1778 WFSl E7F7 EC 1779 IN AL D...

Page 147: ...1851 1852 READ THE KEY TO FIGURE OUT WHAT TO DO 1853 842 1854 Kl ASCII READ 842 FB 1855 sn INTERRUPTS BACK ON DUIHNG LOOP f843 90 1856 NOP I AllOW AN INTERRUPT TO OCCUR E844 FA 1857 eLI INTERRUPTS BA...

Page 148: ...B INS_SHIFT I INSERT HODE SHIFT E887 40 1912 DB CAPS_SHIfT H A LSHIFT SCROLL_SHIFT ALT_SHIFT CTl_SHIFT ESBa 20 E889 10 E88A 08 E8B8 04 ESSC 02 1913 DB LEFT_SHIFT RIGHT_SHIFT Ee80 01 1914 1915 1 SCAN C...

Page 149: ...DB FF ESDC 75 E80D FF ESCE 76 E8DF FF E8EO FF 1930 DB 1 1931 lC TABLE E8El 1932 Kl LABEL BYTE E8El 18 1933 DB OlBH I 1234567690 I 08H 09H E8E2 31323334353637 3639302030 ESEE 08 E6EF 09 EBFO 7177657274...

Page 150: ...1230 2B31323330ZE 1953 BASE CASE TABLE E976 1954 K15 LABEL BYTE E976 47 1955 DB 71 72 73 1 75 1 77 E977 48 E978 49 E979 FF E97A 48 E97B FF f97e 40 E970 FF 1956 DB 1 79 80 81 82 83 E97E 4f E97F 50 E980...

Page 151: ...7 OR KB_FlAG AH TURN ON SHIFT BIT E9D6 E98000 2018 JMP 026 I INTERRUPT_RETURN 2019 2020 1 TOGGLED SHIFT KEY TEST FOR 1ST HAKE OR NOT 2021 E9D9 2022 K18 I SHIFT TOGGLE E9D9 F606170004 2023 TEST KB_FlAG...

Page 152: ...STATE TURN OfF THE HOLD STATE BIT EA59 2064 K26 I INTERRUPT RETlIRN EAS9 FA 2085 eLI I TURN OFF INTERRUPTS EA5A 8020 2086 I10V AL EOI I END OF INTERRUPT COMMAND EASC E620 2087 OUT 020H AL SEND COMMAND...

Page 153: ...39 2140 K32 ALT KEY PAD 2141 MOV DI OFFSET K30 ALT INPUT TABLE 2142 MOV eXt 10 J LOOK FOR ENTRY USING KEYPAD 2143 REPNE StASB LOOK FOR MATCH 2144 JHE 033 J NO_ALTJEYPAD 2145 SUB Dr OFFSET K30 1 DI NOW...

Page 154: ...TROL PORT Ea30 E620 2210 OUT 020H AL ALLOW FURTHER KEYSTROKE IHTS 2211 2212 1 DURING PAUSE INTERVAL l1JI IN CRT BACK ON 2213 EB32 803E490007 2214 CHP CRT_HODE 7 1 IS THIS BLACK AND WHITE CARD EB37 740...

Page 155: ...ORT K56 OK TRANSLATE THE CHAR 2275 2276 KEYPAD KEYS MUST TEST NUM LOCK FOR DETERMINATION 2277 2278 K48 I KEYPAD REGION 2279 TEST KBJLAG HUH_STATE ARE WE IN HUH_LOCK 2280 JNZ K52 TEST FOR SURE 2281 TES...

Page 156: ...9 8BF3 2367 MDV SI ex I SAVE THE VALUE ECOB E863FC 2368 CALL O I ADVANCE THE TAll ECOE 3B1ElAOO 2369 CMP BX BUFFER_HEAD I HAS THE BUFFER WRAPPED AROl IND EC12 7413 2370 JE K6 I BUFFERJUl BEEP EC14 890...

Page 157: ...ORS INTO MEMORY 2447 AH 3 WRITE THE DESIRED SECTO S F OM MEHORY 2448 IAHJ 4 VERIFY THE DESIRED SECTORS 2449 I AH 5 fORHAT THE DESIRED TRACK 2450 FOR THE fORHAT OPERATION THE BUFFER POINTER IES BX 2451...

Page 158: ...pop 01 2503 pop 51 2504 POP OS 2505 POP CX 2506 pop BX J RECOVER ADDRESS 2507 OET 2 I THROW AWAY SAVED FLAGS 2508 DISKETTE_IO ENOP 2509 2510 J1 PROC NEAR 2511 MOV DH Al SAVE I SECTORS IN DH 2512 AND...

Page 159: ...86 HOV AL DISKETTE_STAl1IS 2587 RET 2588 DISK_STATUS ENDP 2589 2590 DISKETTE READ 2591 2592 DISK REAO PROC NEAR 2593 HOY AL 046H I READ Cot1t1AND FOR OMA 2594 J9 I DISK_READ_CONT 2595 CALL DI1A_SETUP...

Page 160: ...J WAIT FOR MOTOR IF WRITE OPERATION 2673 ED80 f6063F0080 2674 TEST MOTOR_STATUS 80H I IS THIS A WRITE ED85 7412 2675 JZ J14 I NO CONTINUE WITHOUT WAlT E087 BB1400 2676 MOV BX 20 GET THE MOTOR WAlT ED8...

Page 161: ...L AL l EEIB OOEO 2767 SAL AL l EEtO B404 2768 MOV AN RECORD_NOT_FND EE IF 720E 2769 JC JI EE21 OOEO 2770 SAL AL l EE23 8403 2771 HOY AN WRITE_PROTECT EE25 7208 2772 JC JI EEZ7 ODED 2773 SAL AL l EE29...

Page 162: ...D RESTORE REGS EE5 58 2828 PDP AX 1 DISCARD THE RETURN ADDRESS EE57 F9 2829 STe INDICATE ERROR TO CALLER EE58 C3 2830 RET EE59 2831 J25 EE59 33C9 2832 XDR CX ex I RESET TME cc urr EEse 2833 J 6 EESB E...

Page 163: ...2893 TEST AL SEEK STATUS 1 TEST FOR RECAl REQUIRED 2894 JNZ J28 1 NO RECAl 2895 OR SEEK STATUS AL TURN ON THE NO RECAL BIT IN flAG 2696 HOV AH 07H RECALIBRATE COMMAND 2897 CAll NEC OUTPUT 2898 HOV AH...

Page 164: ...PUSH AX I SAVE COUNT VALUE HOI E605 2982 DIIT OMA 5 Al j lOW BYTE OF COUNT EFO 84C4 2983 MDV Al AH EF05 E605 2964 OUT DHA S Al l HIGH BYTE OF COUNT EF07 F8 2985 sn l INTERRUPTS BACK ON EF08 59 2986 PO...

Page 165: ...AND SEEK STATUS NOT INTJLAG TURN OFF INTERRUPT FLAG EF53 90 3056 POPF RECOVER CARRY EF54 59 3057 POP ex EF55 5B 3058 POP BX RECOVER REGISTERS Ef56 C3 3059 RET I GOOD RETURN COOE COMES 3060 FROM TEST...

Page 166: ...eV eX lo I lOOP TO KILL TIME FOR NEC EF9C EZFE 3139 J41 lOOP J43 EF9E 4A 3140 DEC OX I POINT AT STAruS PORT EF9F EC 3141 IN AL DX GET STATUS EfAO A810 3142 TEST AL OlOH I TEST FOR NEe STILL BUSY EFAl...

Page 167: ...HI O PRINT THE CHARACTER IN All 3206 ON RETURN I AH 1 IF CHARACTER COULD HOT BE PRINTED 3207 TINE OUT OTHER BITS SET AS ON NORNAL STATUS CALL 3208 AH 1 INITIALIZE THE PRINTER PORT 3209 RETURNS WITH AH...

Page 168: ...V Al OCH SET THE STROBE lOW FOlB EE 3288 O JT OX Al FDIC 58 3289 POP AX RECOVER THE OUTPUT CHAR 3290 3291 PRINTER STATUS 3292 fOlD 3293 85 FOlD 50 3294 PUSH AX I SAVE At REG FOIE 3295 B6 FOIE 8B5408 3...

Page 169: ...MEANS BLANK ENTIRE WINDOW CH CLI ROW COLl J1 1N OF UPPER LEFT CORNER OF SCROLL DH DlI ROW COLUNN OF LOWER RIGHT CORNER OF SCROLL BH I ATTRIBUTE TO BE USED ON BLANK LINE SCROLL ACTIVE PAGE DOWN 1All HU...

Page 170: ...IN GRAPHICS HOOE 3444 NOTE SCREEN WIDTH IS CONTROLLED BY PREVIOUS HOOE SET 3445 3446 AH IS CURRENT VIDEO STATE 3447 RET1JRNS THE CURRENT VIDEO STATE 344 AU MODE CURRENTLY SET SEe AH O FOR EXPlANATION...

Page 171: ...RAM AREAS F097 58 3506 POP AX I RECOVER VALUE F098 8A264900 3507 MOV AH CRT_MOOE GET CURRENT I100E INTO AH F09C 2EFFA445FO 3508 JMP WORD PTR CS SI OFFSET HI J 3509 VIDEO_IO ENDP 3510 3511 SET_MODE 351...

Page 172: ...0 FOFO 28 FOFI 28 FOF2 50 FOF3 50 3552 3553 C_REG_TAB 554 FOF4 3555 7 ueEL BYTE I TABLE OF HODE SETS FOF4 2C 3556 DB 2tH 28H 20H 2 2AH 2EH t lEH 2 FOF5 28 FOF6 20 FOF7 29 FOF8 2A FOF9 2E FaFA IE FOFB...

Page 173: ...H AX SAVE MODE IN AH 3598 XOR AH AH AH WIll SERVE AS REGISTER 3599 I tM1BER DURING lOOP 3600 3601 lOOP THROUGH TABLE OUTPUTTTING REG ADDRESS THEN VALUE FROM TABLE 3602 3603 MID I INIT lOOP 3604 HOV Al...

Page 174: ...CRT_PAlETIE AL SAVE THE VALUE FOR FL ruRE USE 367 3680 i NORHAL RETURN FROM ALL VIDEO RETURNS 3681 FICS 3682 VIDEO_RETURN FICS SF 3683 POP DI FlC6 SE 3684 POP 51 F1C7 5B 3685 POP BX FlC8 3686 MIS J V...

Page 175: ..._______________ 3762 1 ACT_DISP_PAGE 3763 THIS ROUTINE SETS THE ACTIVE DISPLAY PAGE ALLOWING THE 3764 FULL USE OF THE RAM SET ASIDE FOR THE VIDEO ATTACHMENT 3765 I INPUT 3766 AL HAS THE NEW ACTIVE DIS...

Page 176: ...PALETTE 3832 ADD OX 5 OVERSCAN PORT 3833 DV AL CRT PALETTE GET THE CURRENT PALETTE VALUE 3834 D BH BH IS THIS COLOR 01 3835 JHZ OUTPUT COLOR 1 20 3836 3837 HANDLE COLOR 0 BY SETTING THE BACKGROUND CO...

Page 177: ...3918 CALL SCROLL_POSITION DO SETUP FOR SCROLL F2AB 7431 3919 JZ H7 J BLANKJIELD F2Ao 03FO 3920 ADD SI AX I fROM ADDRESS F2AF 8AE6 3921 HDV AH DH I ROWS IN BLOCK F2Bl 2AE3 3922 SUB AH BL J ROWS TO BE H...

Page 178: ...985 L eYTE PTR CRTSOLS 1 DETERMINE OFFSET TO FROM ADDRESS F320 03CO 3 86 ADD AX AX J 2 FOR ATTRIBUTE BYTE F322 06 3987 PUSH ES J ESTABLISH ADDRESSINB TO REGEN BUfFER F323 IF 3988 pop OS J FOR BOTtf PO...

Page 179: ...HIS ROUTINE READS THE ATTRIBUTE AND CHARACTER 4066 AT THE CURRENT CURSOR POSITION IJI RETURNS THEM 4069 TO THE CAllER 4070 INPUT 4071 AH J CURRENT CRT HODE 4072 IBH DISPLAY PAGE AlPHA MODES ONLY 4073...

Page 180: ...AH 7 i IS THIS BW CARD F3Cl 7403 4145 JE P F3Cl E98201 4146 J P GRAPHICS WRITE nC6 4147 P6 JWRITE AC CONTINlIE F3e6 8 E3 4148 I10V H Bt I GET ATTRIBUTE TO AM F3C8 50 4149 PLSH AX I SAVE ON STACK F3C9...

Page 181: ...Al Bl RECOVER CHAR 4220 STOSB PUT THE CHAR ATTR 4221 sn J INTERRUPTS BACK ON 4222 INC 01 I BUMP POINTER PAST ATTRIBUTE 4223 LOOP PH J AS MANY TIHES AS REQUESTED 4224 JMP VIDEO_RETURN 4225 4226 4227 R...

Page 182: ...X HAS ADDRESS Of 1ST BYTE 4297 OF It CICATEO ROW F45C SA 4298 POP OX RECOVER IT F45D F6C201 4299 TEST Dl l TEST FOR EVENIODD F460 7403 4300 JZ I JUMP IF EVEN ROW F462 050020 4301 00 AX 2000H I OFFSET...

Page 183: ...DRESS 4374 4375 1 DETERMINE SIZE OF WINDOW 4376 F49 2801 4377 SUB DX CX F4 4 0 61C20101 4378 00 OX lOlH I ADJUST VALUES F4 4 DOE6 4379 SAL OH l I MULTIPLY I ROWS BY 4 4380 J SINCE 8 VERT DOTS CHAR F4A...

Page 184: ...l 8BC2 4452 HOV AX OX I GET LOWER RIGHT POSITION INTO AX REG r 4453 4454 1 USE CHARACTER SUBROUTINE FOR POSITIONING 4455 t ADDRESS RETURNED IS MULTIPLIED BY 2 FROM CORRECT VAlUE 4 56 F4F3 E80F02 4457...

Page 185: ...ROUTINE TO MOYE ONE ROW OF INFORtlATION 4525 F54E 4526 R17 PRce NEAR F54E eACA 4527 ItOV CL DL I fU1BER OF BYTES IN THE ROW F550 56 4528 PUSH 54 1 F551 57 4529 PUSH 01 1 SAVE POINTERS F552 F3 4530 RE...

Page 186: ...POINTS FRO 4601 F580 58 4602 pop AX j RECOVER CODE POINT FSSI 3C80 4603 CHP AL SOH I IS IT IN SECOND HALF F583 7306 4604 JA 51 J YES 4605 4606 J IMAGE IS IN FIRST HALF CONTAINED IN Rot1 46 7 FS85 BE6E...

Page 187: ...92 JZ 511 4693 XOR AH ES DI 2000H I 4 94 XDR AL ES OI 2 00IHI 4695 S11 4696 MOY ES OI 2000H I AH 4697 HOV ES OI ZOOOH ll AL 4698 AOO 01 80 4699 DEC OH 4700 JNZ 59 4701 POP SI 4702 POP Ot 4703 INC 01 4...

Page 188: ...PAIR BYTES FROf1 REGEN 4749 I INTO SINGLE S VE 4750 ADD 51 2000H J GO TO LOWER REGION 4751 CALL 523 I 6ET THIS PAIR INTO SAVE 4752 SUB SI 2000H 80 I ADJUST POINTER BACK INTO UPPER 4753 DEC DH 4754 JH...

Page 189: ...5 MOV BH Bl FILL UPPER PORTION 4826 POP ex j REGISTER BACK 4827 RET ALL DONE 4828 519 ENDP 4829 1 4830 EXPAND BYTE 4831 THIS ROUTINE TAKES THE BYTE IN Al AND DOUBLES 4832 ALL OF THE BITS TURNING THE 8...

Page 190: ...MUL BHE PTR CRT COLS I HULTIPL 1 BY BHES COLUMN nOE OlEO 4912 SHL AX I HULTIPL 1 4 SINCE 4 ROWS 8 1TE nlO OlEO 4913 SHL AX F712 2AFf 4914 SUB BH BH I ISOLATE COLUMN VALUE n14 03C3 4915 ADD AX BX I DET...

Page 191: ...CHP AL 4 F752 7206 88 JC U2 I REAO CURSOR F754 3C07 4989 CMP AL 7 F756 B700 4990 HOV BH O I FILL WITH BACKGIWUHD F758 7506 4991 JHE U I SCROLL UP F7SA 4992 U2 I REAO CURSOR F75A M08 4993 ItOV AH e F75...

Page 192: ...EAR 5061 5062 WAIT FOR LIGHT PEN TO BE DEPRESSEO 5063 F79C 8400 5064 AH O I SET NO LIGHT PEN RETUlN CODE F79E 8B166300 5065 MOV OX ADDR_6845 GET BASE ADDRESS OF 6845 F7A2 83C206 5066 ADD OX 6 POINT TO...

Page 193: ...V Dl AH 5141 MOV CH Al 5142 DH l R 5143 DH l R 5144 JMP SHORT 15 5145 51 6 J ALPHA HOOE ON lIGHT PEN 5147 5148 5149 DIV 5150 MOY DH At 5151 MOV Dl AH 5152 SAL AL Cl 5153 CH Al V 515 MOV Bl AH 5155 XOR...

Page 194: ...T OPTIONAL 5211 I DEVICES ARE A TTACHED TO THE SYSTEM 5212 J INPUT 5213 NO REGISTERS 5214 THE EQUIPJUG VARIABLE IS SET DURING THE POWER ON 5215 DIAGNOSTICS USING THE FOllOWING HARDWARE ASSUMPTIONS 521...

Page 195: ...a5E 802671007F 5284 AND BIOS_BREAK 7FH MAKE SURE BREAK fLAG IS OFF F8b E80400 5285 CALL loll CASSETTE_IO_CONT F666 IF 5286 POP as F867 CA0200 5287 RET I INTERRUPT RETURN 5288 CASSETTE_IO ENDP FebA 528...

Page 196: ...T F8A 5367 NO F8A 4A 5368 DEC OX F8AB 7503 5369 JNZ W7 I JUHP IF BEGINNING OF LEADER F8AD 5370 W6A F8AD 98400 5371 5372 7 JHP M17 JUttP IF NO LEADER FOUl F8BO E8C600 5373 CALL READ_HALF_BIT I IGNORE F...

Page 197: ...ED 5432 I END OF MEMORY BUFFER 5433 I SKIP REST OF BLOCK 5434 I10V ES BX1 AL I STORE DATA BYTE AT BYTE PTR 5435 INC BX J INC BUFFER PTR 5436 DEC CX 1 DEC BYTE COUNTER 5437 W12 I LOOP lNTIl DATA BLOCK...

Page 198: ...5516 eHe I CARRY IS SET IF ONE BIT F963 9f 5517 LAHF SAVE CARRY IN AH F964 59 5518 POP CX RESTORE CX 5519 j NOTE 5520 MS BIT OF BYTE IS READ FIRST 5521 REG CH IS SHIFTED LEFT WITH 5522 CARRY BEING IN...

Page 199: ...661 5592 OUT PORT_B AL F9AB BOM 5593 MOV AL OB6H I SET UP TIMER MODE 3 SQUARE WAVE F9AD E643 5594 OUT TlM_CTL AL F9AF E81600 5595 CALL BEGIN_OP START MOTOR AND DELAY F982 88 004 5596 MOV AX lla4 SET N...

Page 200: ...661 RET HOP FINISHED 5663 5664 WRITE A BYTE TO CASSEnE 5665 BYTE TO WRITE IS IN REG AL 5666 5667 WRITE_BYTE MOC NEAR 5666 PUSH CX J SAVE REGS CX AX 5669 PUSH AX 5670 MOV CH Al i AL BYTE TO WRITE 5671...

Page 201: ...DE LAY FA58 E82 6FE 57 CAll HOTOR ON TURN ON HOTOR FASB B342 5757 HOV Bl 42H DELAY FOR TAPE DRIVE 5758 TO GET UP TO SPEED l 2 SEC I FASO 5759 1433 FASO 890007 5760 HOV CX 700H IIht lER looP APPROX 10...

Page 202: ...DB 078H OCCH OOCH 038H 060H OCCH OFCH OOOH i 20_32 FC06 78eCOC360CCC7800 5825 DB 076H OCCH 00CH 036H OOCH OCCH 078H 000H I 3 0_33 FCOE le3e6CCCFEOClE00 5826 DB 0ICH 03CH ObCH OCCH OFEH 00CH 01EH 000H...

Page 203: ...5889 DB 000H OOOH 07CH ocDH 07SH OOCH OFSH OOOH I l C S 0_73 FEOE 10307C3030341800 5890 DB 010H 030H 07CH 030H 030H 034H 018H oOOH I l C T 0_74 FEIo OOOOCCCCCCCC7600 5891 DB 000H OOOH OCCH OCCH OCCH O...

Page 204: ...NTERRUPTS SINCE POWER ON TItlE WHICH MAY BE USED TO ESTABLISH TIME OF DAY I THE INTERRUPT HANDLER ALSO DECREMENTS THE MOTOR CONTROL COUNT OF THE DISKETTE AND WHEN IT EXPIRES WILL TURN Off THE DISKETTE...

Page 205: ...lD A4FO 6045 ow VIDEO_PARMS I INTERRUPT ID VIDEO PARAMETERS FFIF C7EF 6046 ow OFFSET DISK_BASE INTERRUPT IE DISK PARMS FF21 0000 6047 ow 0 INTERRUPT IF POINTER TO VIDEO EXT 6048 FF23 50415249545920 60...

Page 206: ...3 HAS OS AX BX CX OX PUSHED All HAS VIDEO MODE 6114 6115 MOV CL AH WILL HAKE USE OF CX REGISTER TO 6116 MOV CH 25 CONTROL ROW COLUNNS 6117 CALL CRlF I CARRIAGE RETURN LINE FEED ROUTINE 6118 PUSH ex SA...

Page 207: ...80 XO OX OX I PRINTER 0 FFeD 32E4 6181 XO AH AH WILL NOW SEND INITIAL LF CR 6182 TO PRINTER FFCF BOOA 6183 HOV Al lZq I LF FFDI CD17 6184 INT l1H SEND THE LINE FEED FF03 32E4 6185 XOR AH AH NOW FOR TH...

Page 208: ...Model 6 5 Use of Segment Override 6 5 Data Transfer 6 6 Arithmetic 6 8 Logic 6 10 String Manipulation 6 11 Control Transfer 6 12 8088 Conditional Transfer Operations 6 15 Processor Control 6 16 8087...

Page 209: ...Constants 6 21 Processor Control 6 22 8088 Instruction Set Matrix 6 25 Instruction Set Index 6 27 6 2 Instruction Set...

Page 210: ...gment SS Stack Segment Register File ES Extra Segment Instructions which reference the flag register file as a 16 bit object use the symbol FLAGS to represent the file 15 7 0 X X X X OF OF IF TF SF ZF...

Page 211: ...d disp high are absent 01 OISP disp Iow sign extended to 15 bits disp high is absent 10 DISP disp high disp Iow 11 rim is treated as a reg field MF Memory format rim Operand Address 00 32 bit Real 000...

Page 212: ...tra Data I 1 Segment Adder I I I I or r OOOOOH t I 19 7 0 Physical L Address Latch Segment Override Prefix I0 0 1 reg 1 1 0 I Use of Segment Override Operand Register Default With Override Prefix IP C...

Page 213: ...Iow addr high Accumulator to memory 1010001w addr Iow addr high Register memory to segment register 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 I mod 0 reg rIm Segment register to register memory 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 mod 0 reg rIm...

Page 214: ...ed port 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 w port Variable port OX 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 w XLAT Translate byte to AL 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 I LEA Load EA to register 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 I mod reg rim LOS Load pointer to OS 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 I...

Page 215: ...ate to register memory 1 0 0 0 0 0 s w 1 mod 0 1 0 rim data data if s w 01 Immediate to accumulator 0001010w data data if w 1 INC Increment Register Memory 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 w mod 0 0 0 rim Register o 1 0...

Page 216: ...od 0 1 1 rIm CMP Compare Register memory and register o 0 1 1 1 0 d w 1 mod reg rIm Immediate with register memory 1 0 0 0 0 0 s w 1 mod 1 1 1 rIm data data if s w 01 Immediate with accumulator 001111...

Page 217: ...0 0 v w mod 1 0 1 rIm SAR Shift arithmetic right 1 1 0 1 0 0 v w mod 1 1 1 rIm ROL Rotate left 1 1 0 1 0 0 v w mod 0 0 0 rIm ROR Rotate right 1 1 0 1 0 0 v w mod 0 0 1 rIm RCL Rotate through carry lef...

Page 218: ...mod reg rIm Immediate to register memory 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 w I mod 0 0 1 rIm data data if W 1 Immediate to accumulator 00001 1 0 w I data data if W 1 XOR Exclusive or Register memory and register to eithe...

Page 219: ...offset low offset high seg Iow seg high Indirect intersegment 1111111 mod 0 1 1 rIm JMP Unconditional Jump Direct within segment 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 I disp Iow disp high Direct within segment short 1 1 1...

Page 220: ...er or equal o 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 disp JLE JNG Jump on less or equal not greater o 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 disp JB JNAE Jump on below not above or equal 011100101 disp JBEfJNA Jump on below or equal not above o 1...

Page 221: ...1 I disp JNPfJPO Jump on not parity parity odd o 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 I disp JNO Jump on not overflow o 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 disp JNS Jump on not sign o 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 disp LOOP Loop ex times 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 disp LO...

Page 222: ...not equal or not zero JNLorJGE SF xor OF 0 not less or greater or equal JNLE or JG SF xor OF or not less or equal or greater ZF 0 JNB or JAE or JNC CF 0 not below or above or equal JNBE orJA CForZF 0...

Page 223: ...if d 0 then from if w 1then word instruction if w 0 then byte instruction if s w 01 then 16 bits of immediate data from the operand if s w 11 then an immediate data byte is signed extended to form th...

Page 224: ...O Escape 1 1 I mod 1 0 1 rIm disp Iow disp high Temporary Real Memory to ST O Escape 0 1 1 I mod 1 0 1 rIm disp Iow disp high BCD Memory to ST O Escape 1 mod 1 0 0 rIm disp Iow disp high ST i to ST O...

Page 225: ...r Memory Escape 1 1 I mod 1 1 rIm disp Iow disp high ST O to Temporary Real Memory Escape 0 1 1 I mod 1 1 1 rIm disp Iow disp high ST O to BCD Memory Escape 1 1 1 I mod 1 1 0 rIm disp Iow disp high ST...

Page 226: ...1 0 1 1 ST i FCOMPP Compare ST 1 to ST O and Pop twice Escape 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 FTST Test ST O Escape 0 0 1 1 1 1001001 FXAM Examine ST O Escape 0 0 1 1 1 00101 Arithmetic FADD Addition Integer...

Page 227: ...pe d P 0 1 1 0 0 1 rim FSQRT Square Root of ST O Escape 0 0 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 FSCALE Scale ST O by ST 1 Escape 0 0 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 FPREM Partial Remainder of ST O ST 1 Escape 0 0 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 0 0...

Page 228: ...scape 0 0 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 Constants FLOZ Load 0 0 into ST O Escape 0 0 1 I 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 FL01 Load 1 0 into ST O Escape 0 0 1 I 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 FLOPI Load IT into ST O Escape 0 0 1 I 1 1 1 0 1 0...

Page 229: ...0 0 0 1 FLDCW Load Control Word Escape 0 0 1 I mod 1 0 1 rim disp Iow disp high FSTCW Store Control Word Escape 0 0 1 I mod 1 1 1 rim disp Iow disp high FSTSW Store Status Word Escape 1 0 1 I mod 1 1...

Page 230: ...p Iow disp high FRSTOR Restore State Escape 1 0 1 I mod 1 0 0 rIm disp Iow disp high FINCSTP Increment Stack Pointer Escape 0 0 1 I 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 FDECSTP Decrement Stack Pointer Escape 0 0 1 1 1 1 1...

Page 231: ...is STIiI P POP 0 No pop 1 PopST O R Reverse o Destination op Source 1 Source op Destination For FSQRT O 5ST O 5 00 For FSCAlE 2 5 5ST 1 2 5 and ST 1 integer For F2XM1 0 5ST 0 52 1 For FYL2X O ST O oo...

Page 232: ...d Immed Immed TEST TEST XCHG XCHG b r m w r m b r m is r m b r m w r m b r m w r m NOP XCHG XCHG XCHG XCHG XCHG XCHG XCHG CX DX BX SP BP SI DI MOV MOV MOV MOV MOVS MOVS CMPS CMPS mAL mAL ALm ALm b W b...

Page 233: ...IT PUSHF POPF I d A TEST TEST STOS STOS LODS LODS b i w i b w b w B MOV MOV MOV MOV MOV MOV iAX iCX iDX iBX i SP iBP C RET RET INT INT 1 i SP I Type 3 Any D ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC 0 1 2 3 4 5 E CALL...

Page 234: ...IN 6 7 NOT 6 10 FABS 6 20 INC 6 8 OR 6 11 FADD 6 19 INT 6 15 OUT 6 7 FCHS 6 20 INTO 6 15 POP 6 6 FCLEX 6 22 IRET 6 15 POPF 6 7 FCOM 6 19 JA 6 14 PUSH 6 6 FCOMP 6 19 JAE 6 14 PUSHF 6 7 FCOMPP 6 19 JB...

Page 235: ...Notes 6 28 Instruction Set...

Page 236: ...Shift Backspace 09 9 etrl I Black Light Blue High Intensity 0 Underline OA 10 Ctrl J Black Light Green High Intensity Ctrl OB 11 I cJ Ctrl K Black Light Green High Intensity OC 12 Q Ctrl L Black Ligh...

Page 237: ...tensity 1F 31 Ctrl Blue White High Intensity 20 32 Blank Space Bar Green Black Normal Space Shift Space Ctrl Space Alt Space 21 33 Shift Green Blue Underline 22 34 Shift Green Green Normal 23 35 Shift...

Page 238: ...yan Light Blue High Intensity Underline 3A 58 Shift Cyan Light Green High Intensity 3B 59 Cyan Light Cyan High Intensity 3C 60 Shift Cyan Light Red High Intensity 3D 61 Cyan Light High Intensity Magen...

Page 239: ...U Note 4 Magenta Magenta Normal 56 86 V V Note 4 Magenta Brown Normal 57 87 W W Note 4 Magenta Light Grey Normal 58 88 X X Note 4 Magenta Dark Grey High Intensity 59 89 Y Y Note 4 Magenta Light Blue...

Page 240: ...0 Note 5 Yellow White High Intensity 70 112 p p Note 5 White Black Reverse Video 71 113 q q Note 5 White Blue Underline 72 114 r r Note 5 White Green Normal 73 115 s s Note 5 White Cyan Normal 74 116...

Page 241: ...38 e Alt 138 Note 6 Black Light Green High Intensity 8B 139 i Alt 139 Note 6 Black Light Cyan High Intensity 8C 140 i Alt 140 Note 6 Black Light Red High Intensity 80 141 i Alt 141 Note 6 Black Light...

Page 242: ...a Normal A6 166 Alt 166 Note 6 Green Brown Normal 2 A7 167 Alt 167 Note 6 Green Light Grey Normal A8 168 Alt 168 Note 6 Green Dark Grey High Intensity AS 169 r Alt 169 Note 6 Green Light Blue High Int...

Page 243: ...CO 192 c Alt 192 Note 6 Red Black Normal C1 193 Alt 193 Note 6 Red Blue Underline C2 194 Alt 194 Note 6 Red Green Normal C3 195 Alt 195 Note 6 Red Cyan Normal F C4 196 Alt 196 Note 6 Red Red Normal C...

Page 244: ...ity DB 219 219 Note 6 Magenta Light High Intensity DC 220 Alt 2 6 High nsity DD 221 Alt 221 Note 6 Magenta Light High Intensity Magenta DE 222 Alt 222 Note 6 Magenta Yellow High Intensity DF 223 Alt 2...

Page 245: ...mal F3 243 s Alt 243 Note 6 White Cyan Normal F4 244 Alt 244 Note 6 White Red Normal r F5 245 J Alt 245 Note 6 White Magenta Normal F6 246 Alt 246 Note 6 White Brown Normal F7 247 Alt 247 Note 6 White...

Page 246: ...lphabetic characters A Z can easily be keyed in two modes 1 in shift mode the appropriate alphabetic key or 2 in Caps Lock mode hit the appropriate alphabetic key NOTE 5 Lower case alphabetic characte...

Page 247: ...2 7 0 0 BLANK NULL BLANK SPACE 0 p P 1 1 g I 1 A Q a q 2 3 4 2 3 4 t I I crT 2 3 4 B R C S D T b c d r s t 5 6 7 5 6 7 t JIo 5 E U 6 F V 7 G W e f g u v W 8 8 i 8 H X h x 9 10 9 A 0 1 9 I J Y Z 1 J Y...

Page 248: ...F VALUE 0 0 c E I ex a I I E 1 U fJ 2 2 e IE 0 n I r 3 3 r lL 1T 0 A U 4 4 a 0 n b L 5 5 a 0 N F a J 0 1 I a 0 6 6 a t I F Y u 7 7 0 T U n A 8 8 e y 0 1 Q 0 e 0 9 9 I bJ e r 10 A e 1L n U I I B 1 Y2...

Page 249: ...Notes 7 14 Characters Keystrokes and Colors...

Page 250: ...unications 8 3 Establishing a Communications Link 8 5 Establishing Link on Nonswitched Point to Point Line 8 6 Establishing Link on Nonswitched Multipoint Line 8 8 Establishing Link on Switched Point...

Page 251: ...8 2 Communications...

Page 252: ...own in this example however other types of data communications equipment can also be connected to data terminal equipment using EIA or CCITT standardized connections EIA standards are labeled RS x Rec...

Page 253: ...07 Data Terminal Data Terminal Ready CD 10B 2 Modem Equip Connect Data Set to Line 11 OB 1 ment Received Line Signal Detector 8 CF 1109 Speed Select Transmit Signal Element Timing DB 114 Receive Signa...

Page 254: ...ks Switched Timing Sequence Data Terminal Ready r Data Set Ready Request to Send Clear to Send Transmitted Data Nonswitched Timing Sequence Data Terminal Ready r r Data Set Ready Request to Send _____...

Page 255: ...ich causes the modem to turn off the carrier and deactivate the clear to send line II 11 Terminal A and modem A now become receivers and wait for a response from terminal B indicating that all data ha...

Page 256: ...ceive i 4 II _C c its r 1 I r de l Receiver Signal I Clock I II 1 Element Timing L ____ II r I I I Demodulato I L _ _ _ II Ii II Received Data Communications line Adapter Modem B II I II iii IOata Ter...

Page 257: ...ll tributary modems including the modem for station A send line II This causes the modem to deactivate the carrier and demodulate the address and send it to their terminals on the the clear to send li...

Page 258: ...I I L Receiver Signal e I I I a I L 1 r M Element Timingl VI Ml lodem I II L_ 0 c _J III II II 0 II Transmitter Signal I d I r Received Data I I Element Timingl r Md I U I I Demodulator I I CI c m I L...

Page 259: ...cator line lito terminal B 7 Terminal B activates the data terminal ready line to modem Bill which activates the autoanswer circuits in modem B The data terminal ready line might already be active in...

Page 260: ...H III t r 1T Ie I 0 I Coupler __ _ II I I n I I I 1 I I I II II 5 I I t 1 Request to Send 0 I I MI I a I I 0 I 5i nal Detector j t i S I III 9 II L_J I I Re dy IDA r r l Ready IDA I I I II gill III e...

Page 261: ...Notes 8 12 Communications...

Page 262: ...e or unit used to extend the operation of another system address bus One or more conductors used to carry the binary coded address from the processor throughout the rest of the system algorithm A fini...

Page 263: ...1 Pertaining to data in the form of continuously variable physical quantities 2 Contrast with digital AND A logic operator having the property that if P is a statement Q is a statement R is a statemen...

Page 264: ...ce that is not main storage 2 Data storage other than main storage for example storage on magnetic disk 3 Contrast with main storage BASIC Beginner s all purpose symbolic instruction code basic input...

Page 265: ...nchronous transmission of binary coded data between stations BIOS Basic input output system bit Synonym for binary digit bits per second bps A unit of measurement representing the number of discrete b...

Page 266: ...ut data bus One or more conductors used for transmitting signals or power byte 1 A sequence of eight adjacent binary digits that are operated upon as a unit 2 A binary character operated upon as a uni...

Page 267: ...set of unique representations called characters 3 A defined collection of characters characters per second cps A standard unit of measurement for r the speed at which a printer prints check key A gro...

Page 268: ...rks with a wide range of power supply voltages computer A functional unit that can perform substantial computation including numerous arithmetic operations or logic operations without intervention by...

Page 269: ...odem control cursor 1 In computer graphics a movable marker that is used to indicate a position on a display 2 A displayed symbol that acts as a marker to help the user locate a point in text in a sys...

Page 270: ...put and control functions to accomplish a sequence of operations on data data transmission Synonym for transmission dB Decibel dBa Adjusted decibels dc Direct current debounce An electronic means of o...

Page 271: ...ent that always flows in one direction direct memory access DMA A method of transferring data between main storage and I O devices that does not require processor intervention disable To stop the oper...

Page 272: ...a small section of a set of addressable points for example a representation of characters by dots dot printer Synonym for matrix printer dot matrix character generator In computer graphics a characte...

Page 273: ...initiate the operation of a circuit or device end of block EOB A code that marks the end of a block of data end of file EOF An internal label immediately following the last record of a file signaling...

Page 274: ...cape character escape character ESC A code extension character used in some cases with one or more succeeding characters to indicate by some convention or agreement that the coded representations foll...

Page 275: ...e occurrence of some condition such as the end of a word 3 Deprecated term for mark flexible disk Synonym for diskette flip flop A circuit or device containing active elements capable of assuming eith...

Page 276: ...When referring to computer storage capacity 1073741 824 1 073 741 824 2 to the 30th power gate 1 A combinational logic circuit having one output channel and one or more input channels such that the o...

Page 277: ...cimal hexadecimal 1 Pertaining to a selection choice or condition that has 16 possible different values or states These values or states are usually symbolized by the ten digits 0 through 9 and the si...

Page 278: ...n satisfied in the execution of a computer program for example a switch indicator an overflow indicator inhibited 1 Pertaining to a state of a processing unit in which certain types of interruptions a...

Page 279: ...computer program caused by an event external to that process and performed in such a way that the process can be resumed 2 In a data transmission to take an action at a receiving station that causes t...

Page 280: ...ives off visible or infrared light when activated load In programming to enter data into storage or working registers low power Schottky TIL A version LS series of TTL giving a good compromise between...

Page 281: ...ing or the end of a field of a word of an item of data or of a set of data such as a file a record or a block mask 1 A pattern of characters that is used to control the retention or elimination of por...

Page 282: ...ruction microprocessor An integrated circuit that accepts coded instructions for execution the instructions may be entered integrated or stored internally microsecond p s 0 000001 second milli m Prefi...

Page 283: ...ominal time interval between successive significant instants of the modulated signal If this measure is expressed in seconds the modulation rate is expressed in baud module 1 A program unit that is di...

Page 284: ...second negative true Synonym for active low negative going edge The edge of a pulse or signal changing in a negative direction Synonymous with falling edge non return to zero change on ones recording...

Page 285: ...ration of a functional unit without the continual control of a computer one shot A circuit that delivers one output pulse of desired duration for each input trigger pulse open circuit 1 A discontinuou...

Page 286: ...2 The return of information from a data processing system to an end user including the translation of data from a machine language to a language that the end user can understand overcurrent A current...

Page 287: ...uses a parity bit 2 Synonymous with odd even check PEL Picture element personal computer A small home or business computer that has a processor and keyboard and that can be connected to a television o...

Page 288: ...functional unit that consists of one or more processors and all or part of internal storage processor 1 In a computer a functional unit that interprets and executes instructions 2 A functional unit a...

Page 289: ...ity short in relation to the time schedule of interest the final value being the same as the initial value radio frequency RF An ac frequency that is higher than the highest audio frequency So called...

Page 290: ...ription of a direct drive color monitor that accepts input signals of red green blue and intensity redundancy check A check that depends on extra characters attached to data for the detection of error...

Page 291: ...RAS A signal that latches the row address in a memory chip RS 232C A standard by the EIA for communication between computers and external equipment RTS Request to send Associated with modem control r...

Page 292: ...Contrast with parallel serializer deserializer SERDES A device that serializes output from and deserializes input to a business machine setup 1 In a computer that consists of an assembly of individual...

Page 293: ...ls representing a character is preceded by a start bit and followed by a stop bit 2 Asynchronous transmission in which a group of bits is preceded by a start bit that prepares the receiving mechanism...

Page 294: ...smission in which the sending and receiving devices are operating continuously at substantially the same frequency and are maintained by means of correction in a desired phase relationship syntax 1 Th...

Page 295: ...te To transform data from one language to another transmission 1 The sending of data from one place for reception elsewhere 2 In ASCII and data communication a series of characters including headings...

Page 296: ...uter word write To make a permanent or transient recording of data in a storage device or on a data medium write precompensation The varying of the timing of the head current from the outer tracks to...

Page 297: ...Glossary 36...

Page 298: ...the 8086 8087 8088 Macro Assembly Language and is intended for persons who are familiar with assembly language Intel Corporation Component Data Catalog This book describes Intel components and their...

Page 299: ...Bihliography 2...

Page 300: ...ble AEN I O channel 1 20 latch enable ALE I O channel 1 20 map I O 1 24 AEN address enable I O channel 1 20 ALE address latch enable I O channel 1 20 B BASIC reserved interrupts 5 8 5 9 BASIC DEF SEG...

Page 301: ...er codes keyboard 5 15 5 17 character set quick reference 7 12 clock CLK I O channel 1 20 communications 8 3 component diagram system board 1 16 D data bits 0 to 7 DO D7 1 21 flow system board diagram...

Page 302: ...heck 1 21 CH RDY I O Channel Ready I O channel 1 21 check CH CK 1 21 CLK 1 20 description 1 20 I O channel diagram 1 18 oscillator OSC 1 23 read command lOR 1 22 reset drive RESET DRV 1 23 terminal co...

Page 303: ...upt request 2 to 7 IRQ2 IRQ7 1 22 K keyboard 4 3 block diagram 4 4 connector 4 12 interface 4 4 keyboard scan 4 3 power on self test 4 3 keyboard extended codes alt 5 19 break 5 21 caps lock 5 20 ctrl...

Page 304: ...egers 2 3 2 4 hardware interface 2 4 NMI 2 5 QSO 2 4 QS1 2 4 real numbers 2 3 2 4 memory locations reserved 5 9 memory map BIOS 5 13 memory read command MEMR 1 22 memory write command MEMW 1 22 N NMI...

Page 305: ...22 ready RDY I O channel 1 21 real numbers coprocessor 2 3 2 4 request interrupt 2 to 7 IRQ2 IRQ7 1 22 reserved interrupts BASIC and DOS 5 8 5 9 RESET DRV I O channel 1 23 s screen editor keyboard fun...

Page 306: ...C 1 23 RESET DRV 1 23 T C 1 23 software interrupt listing 8088 5 6 speaker circuit 1 25 speaker drive system 1 25 system board data flow diagrams 1 5 diagram 1 16 logic diagrams 1 36 system clock CLK...

Page 307: ...w write command lOW I O channel 1 22 write memory command MEMW 1 22 Numerals 8088 see Intel 8088 microprocessor 1 3 8255A bit map 1 31 specifications I O channel 1 34 Index 8...

Page 308: ...ny of the information you supply in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation whatever You may of course continue to use the information you supply Please do not use this form f...

Page 309: ...ASS PERMIT NO 321 BOCA RATON FLORIDA 33432 POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE IBM PERSONAL COMPUTER SALES SERVICE P O BOX 1328 C BOCA RATON FLORIDA 33432 aJa4 PIO l NO POSTAGE NECESSARY IF MAILED IN TH...