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© 2019 Infinite Electronics, Inc. Pasternack is a registered trademark of Infinite Electronics, Inc. 

 

 

 

              19 

 

 

                                   

  

In this example the jitter contribution of the phase noise calculated previously would add only 0.764psec 
more jitter at the reference, hence we see that the jitter at the phase detector is dominated by the fractional 
modulation.  

Bottom line, we have to expect about ±0.8 ns of normal variation in the phase detector arrival times when 
in fractional mode. In addition, lower VCO frequencies with high reference frequencies will have much larger 
variations. For example, a 1 GHz VCO operating at near the minimum nominal divider ratio of 36, would, 
according to (EQ 4), exhibit about ±4 ns of peak variation at the phase detector, under normal operation. 
The lock detect circuit must not confuse this modulation as being out of lock.  

6.3 PFD Lock Detect  

pfd_lkd_en (

Reg 01h

<11>) enables the lock detect functions of the Internal PLL.  

The Lock Detect circuit in the Internal PLL places a one shot window around the reference. The one shot 
window may be generated by either an analog one shot circuit or a digital one shot based upon an internal 
ring oscillator timer. Clearing lkd_ringosc_mono_select (

Reg 1A h

<14>) will result in a nominal ±10 ns 

‘analog’ window of fixed length, as shown in Figure 3. Setting lkd_ringosc_mono_select will result in a 
variable length ’digital’ widow.  

The digital one shot window is controlled by lkd_ringosc_cfg (

Reg 1A h

<16:15>). The resulting lock detect 

window period is then generated by the number of ring oscillator periods defined in lkd_monost_duration 

Reg 1A h

<18:17>. The lock detect ring oscillator may be observed on the GPO2 port by setting ringosc_ 

testmode (

Reg 1A h

<19>) and configuring the gpo_sel<3:0> = 0111 i

Reg 1B h

. Lock detect does not 

function when this test mode is enabled.  

lkd_wincnt_max (

Reg 1A h

<9:0>) defines the number of consecutive counts of the VCO that must land 

inside the lock detect window to declare lock. If for example we set lkd_wincnt_max = 1000 , then the VCO 
arrival would have to occur inside the selected lock widow 1000 times in a row to be declared locked. When 
locked the Lock Detect flag ro_lock_detect (

Reg 1Fh

<0>) will be set. A single occurrence outside of the 

window will result in clearing the Lock Detect flag, ro_lock_detect.  

The Lock Detect flag ro_lock_detect (

Reg 1Fh

<0>) is a read only register, readable from the serial port. 

The Lock Detect flag is also output to the LD pin according to lkd_to_sdo_always (

Reg 1A h

<13>) and 

lkd_to_sdo_automux_en (

Reg 1A h

<12>), both in Table 28. Setting lkd_to_sdo_always will always display 

the Lock Detect flag on LD. Clearing lkd_to_sdo_always and setting lkd_to_sdo_automux_en will display 
the Lock Detect flag on LD except when  a serial port read is requested, in which case the pin reverts 
temporarily to the Serial Data Out pin, and returns to the lock detect function after the read is completed.  

T

j

=

T

2

+

jpn

(T

jΔ∑pk

)

2

3

(EQ 5)

Summary of Contents for Pasternack PE11S100 Series

Page 1: ...ack is a registered trademark of Infinite Electronics Inc User Manual PE11S100X SERIES Synthesizer Pasternack PO Box 16759 Irvine CA 92623 Phone 866 727 8376 or 949 261 1920 Fax 949 261 7451 sales pas...

Page 2: ...ility and fitness for a particular purpose Pasternack shall not be liable for errors or incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing use or performance of this document or of...

Page 3: ...eplace the line fuse s only with fuses of the same type and rating for example normal blow time delay etc The use of other fuses or material is prohibited General Safety Information The following gene...

Page 4: ...nvironment This instrument is designed for indoor use only Revision Control Revision Description of Changes Date 1 0 Initial Creation 08 18 2011 1 1 Pasternack Updates 05 13 2019 Acronyms PPL Phase Lo...

Page 5: ...s 4 1 0 Applicable Products 8 2 0 General Description 8 3 0 Reference Input 8 4 0 Basic Operation 9 4 1 Initialization 9 4 2 Frequency Tuning 9 4 3 Frequency Hopping 9 4 4 CW Sweeper Mode 10 4 4 1 One...

Page 6: ...cle Register 22 7 7 Reg 05h Reserved 22 7 8 Reg 06h Phase Freq Detector Delay Register 22 7 9 Reg 07h Charge Pump UP DN Control Register 22 7 10 Reg 08h Charge Pump Trim Offset Register 22 7 11 Reg 09...

Page 7: ...1Bh GPO Control Register 27 7 30 Reg 1Ch Phase Detector CSP Register 28 7 31 Reg 1Dh VCO Tune Port Control Register 28 7 32 Reg 1Eh Temperature Sensor Register 28 7 33 Reg 1Fh LD VCO Ramp Busy Read On...

Page 8: ...ency sweep functions The built in linear sweeper function performs frequency chirps with a wide variety of sweep times polarities and dwells all with an external automatic or software driven sweep tri...

Page 9: ...m_intg in Reg 0Fh Similarly the 24 bit binary value of 1d 000001h 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 into dsm_frac in Reg 10 h In integer mode the synthesizer step size is fixed to M times phase frequency...

Page 10: ...given by ramp_steps_number Reg 16 h and the initial ramp direction is set to be increasing or decreasing in frequency by clearing or setting ramp_ startdir_dn Reg 14 h 4 respectively Setting ramp_sing...

Page 11: ...ency hop back to the start frequency The functions of the sweep parameters for one way sweeps are shown graphically in Figure 2 Figure 2 1 Way Sweep Control 4 4 2 Two Way Sweeps If ramp_singledir Reg...

Page 12: ...ger is required for each step of the ramp Single step mode will function with either one way or two way ramps The operation of single step mode for a one way ramp is shown graphically in Figure 4 Figu...

Page 13: ...of the UP and DN charge pumps consist of 5 bit charge pumps with lsb of 125 A The current gain of the pump in Amps radian is equal to the gain setting of this register divided by 2 For example if both...

Page 14: ...l logic cells in the internal PLL are reset when the device digital power supply Vd1 is applied This is referred to as Power On Reset or just POR POR normally takes about 500 us after the Vd1 supply e...

Page 15: ...w initiates the Write cycle WR c Host places the six address bits on the next six falling edges of SCK MSB first d Slave reads the address bits in the next six rising edges of SCK 2 7 e Host places th...

Page 16: ...edges of SCK 8 31 MSB first f Host reads the data bits on the next 24 falling edges of SCK 8 31 g SEN is de asserted on the 32nd falling edge of SCK h The 32nd falling edge of SCK completes the cycle...

Page 17: ...s in lock the phase of the VCO signal and the reference signal vary in time due to the phase noise of the crystal and VCO oscillators the loop bandwidth used and the presence of fractional modulation...

Page 18: ...MHz Tref 20 nsec and hence Tjpn 178 femtoseconds A normal 3 sigma peak to peak variation in the arrival time therefore would be 3 2 Tjpn 0 756 ps If the synthesizer was in fractional mode the fraction...

Page 19: ...widow The digital one shot window is controlled by lkd_ringosc_cfg Reg 1A h 16 15 The resulting lock detect window period is then generated by the number of ring oscillator periods defined in lkd_mon...

Page 20: ...ase for example with an offset delay as shown in Figure 10 the mean phase of the VCO will always occur after the reference The lock detect circuit window can be made more selective with a fixed offset...

Page 21: ...0 2 R W Reserved 479 Reserved 11 R W pfd_lkd_en 1 Enable Resetb to digital lockdetect circuit and PFD s lockdetect output gates 12 R W cp_en 1 Charge Pump Enable disable is tri stated output 13 R W ds...

Page 22: ...tion 2 0 R W Reserved 7 Reserved 7 8 Reg 06h Phase Freq Detector Delay Register Bit Type Name Default Description 2 0 R W pfd_del_sel 2 Delay line setpoint to PFD 7 9 Reg 07h Charge Pump UP DN Control...

Page 23: ...ge Pump EN Register Bit Type Name Default Description 0 R W cp_pull_updn_en 0 Enables CP UP Down Control Reg09 1 1 R W cp_pull_dn_upb 0 0 Forces Charge Pump Up when Reg09 0 1 1 Forces Charge Pump DN w...

Page 24: ...t Type Name Default Description 23 0 R W dsm_seed 3A1953h unsigned seed value for modulator sets the start phase of the modulator 7 20 Reg 12h Delta Sigma Modulator Register Bit Type Name Default Desc...

Page 25: ...onous clear for ovf undf flags 1 R W ramp_enable 0 Ramp En rstb 1 enables the CW Ramp Function 2 R W ramp_trigg 0 Write always triggers ramps if bit 2 0 if bit 2 1 Ramp will not trigger bit 2 must be...

Page 26: ...R W Reserved 15 Reserved 7 28 Reg 1Ah Lock Detect Register Bit Type Name Default Description 9 0 R W lkd_wincnt_max 298 threshold count in the timer window to declare lock reference cycles 10 R W lkd_...

Page 27: ...obe holds the gain of the PFD at max for anti cycle slipping gpo_sel 3 0 0100 GP03 xref_clk_in GP02 xref_sin_in GP01 sd_frac_strobe_sync internally synchronized frac strobe gpo_sel 3 0 0101 VCO Serial...

Page 28: ...loop filter and hence opens the loop 5 R W pfds_rstb 1 CSP PFD FF rstb 1 Enables the Cycle Slip Prevention CSP feature of the PFD 7 31 Reg 1Dh VCO Tune Port Control Register Bit Type Name Default Desc...

Page 29: ...amp_busy 0 Sweeper status flag set when ramp is busy cleared when at end of ramp or not used 7 34 Reg 20h Reserved Bit Type Name Default Description 23 0 R W Reserved 32 Reserved 7 35 Reg 21h Temperat...

Page 30: ...urces Datasheets https www pasternack com images ProductPDF PE11S1001 pdf https www pasternack com images ProductPDF PE11S1002 pdf Website https www pasternack com nsearch aspx Category Synthesizers s...

Page 31: ...Infinite Electronics Inc 31 Contacts Customer Support Sales Pasternack PO Box 16759 Irvine CA 92623 USA Phone 866 727 8376 949 261 1920 Fax 949 261 7451 Sales Email sales pasternack com Technical Sup...

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