INSIGHT G3, Pilot'S Manual

Page 1: ...S GUIDE INSIGHT INSTRUMENT CORPORATION BOX 122 FORT ERIE ONTARIO L2A 5M6 1 PILOT S GUIDE FOR INSIGHT G SERIES SOFTWARE VERSION 308 UP FOR G2 G3 SOFTWARE VERSION 208 UP FOR G4 SINGLE G4 TWIN 145 FOR G9 Instrument Corp ...

Page 2: ...reens in Order 12 G4 Series Introduction 13 G4 Twin Engine 14 15 G4 Twin Engine Pages 16 17 First Flight With G3 G4 18 19 Using G3 4 on the Ground 19 20 Using G3 4 on Take Off 21 Leaning for Take Off 21 A New Approach To Engine Management 21 Fundamentals Of EGT 21 Principles Of EGT Mearsurement 21 Principles Of CHT 21 Configuration Screens 22 REGISTRATION CONFIGURATION 22 GENERAL INFORMATION 22 EN...

Page 3: ...n 33 2 AXIS G LOAD Turbulence Screen 33 LIVE DYNAMIC G Force Screen 34 THEORETICAL Horsepower Screen 35 AUTO RANGE Capability On The User Configuration Screen 36 37 Using the knobs to navigate the G3 4 37 Setting up the G3 4 Temperature Bargraph Display 37 Using the Auto Range function Method 1 37 To save the results of auto ranging 37 Setting up the G3 4 Temperature Bargraph display manually Meth...

Page 4: ...installation and use The answers to many technical questions can be found in this booklet or the GSeries Installation Manual Insight provides customer support free of charge for as long as you own the instrument If you have any questions concerning GSeries operation do not hesitate to call TheCustomerServicedepartmentacceptscallsMondaythrough Friday between 9 am and 5 pm EST Be sure to have your i...

Page 5: ... features of the G3 4 system include Engine vibration measurement and analysis Specific functionality for safe Lean of Peak operation with no detonation Oil Temperature and Pressure Manifold Pressure Fuel Flow and RPM OAT Carburetor and Alternator Temperature Buss Voltage Specialized analysis for propeller balance turbulence and even landing shock Integrates and logs data from G3 4 TAS Air Data an...

Page 6: ...G SERIES PILOT S GUIDE INSIGHT INSTRUMENT CORPORATION BOX 122 FORT ERIE ONTARIO L2A 5M6 6 ...

Page 7: ...G SERIES PILOT S GUIDE INSIGHT INSTRUMENT CORPORATION BOX 122 FORT ERIE ONTARIO L2A 5M6 7 G1 Color Graphic Engine Monitor ...

Page 8: ...G SERIES PILOT S GUIDE INSIGHT INSTRUMENT CORPORATION BOX 122 FORT ERIE ONTARIO L2A 5M6 8 G1 Screens In Order 1 Main Screen 3 Probe Diagnostic Screen 2 Lean Screen ...

Page 9: ...G SERIES PILOT S GUIDE INSIGHT INSTRUMENT CORPORATION BOX 122 FORT ERIE ONTARIO L2A 5M6 9 G2 Color Graphic Engine Monitor ...

Page 10: ...ATION BOX 122 FORT ERIE ONTARIO L2A 5M6 10 G2 Screens In Order 1 Main Screen 3 Probe Diagnostic Screen 2 Lean Screen 4 User Configuration Screen 5 Enter Total Fuel Screen Defaults to fuel function screen when total fuel is set 6 Fuel Function Screen ...

Page 11: ...data are long obsolete Using the latest computer technology the G3 presents a clear concise graphic picture of all engine temperatures simulta neously for interpretation at a glance Never before has so much engine diagnostic information been available to the pilot and never before has the pilot been able to control mixture with such ease and precision for peak fuel efficiency Insight s latest G3 a...

Page 12: ...ngine Vibration Screen 5 Take Off Performance Screen 6 Turbulence Screen 7 Theoretical Horsepower Screen 11 User Configuration Screen Defaults to fuel function screen when total fuel is set 13 Fuel Function Screen 9 Dynamic G Force Screen 10 Dynamic Snapshot Screen 8 Air Data Screen 12 Enter Total Fuel Screen A G4 single is exactly the same as a G3 only with a bigger display and different knob loc...

Page 13: ...ng The G4 utilizes the same technology for housing bezel circuit boards connectors display and electronic components including circuit protection devices as the already approved G3 Its PCB is populated slightly more to accommodate additional temperature sensors The G3 software was designed so that it can be configured for either single or twin engine installations Therefore the G4 software is unch...

Page 14: ...laying the airplane s engine Exhaust Gas Temperature EGT Cylinder Head Temperature CHT and Turbine Inlet Temperature TIT Carburetor Temperature CARB Manifold Pressure MAP Tachometer RPM Oil Pressure OIL Fuel Flow GPH Bus Voltage VDC and Outside Air Temperature OAT on a Liquid Crystal Display LCD The G4 unit can be configured and installed as a single engine G4 001 or twin engine G4 002 instrument ...

Page 15: ...de of the display while the TIT value is within normal operating range or by a red bar graph and digital display if the TIT value exceeds the maximum TIT limit A red horizontal line displays the maximum allowable TIT The GEM G4 instrument senses temperatures through thermocouple type probes The instrument is powered typically from the avionics bus and protected by a dedicated trip free resettabte ...

Page 16: ...ean boxes 3 Turn SEL to left for left engine Tap SEL to clear lean boxes 4 Left engine probe page 5 Right engine probe page 6 EGT Variation page Turn SEL knob to view all cylinders on right and left engine 7 Vibration spectrum page PUSH SEL knob to view all vibration pages on right and left engine There are 6 screens per engine to examine each of the primary axis x y and z and an averaged version ...

Page 17: ...NT CORPORATION BOX 122 FORT ERIE ONTARIO L2A 5M6 17 G4 Twin Screens In Order PG 2 10 Hard landing G Force page 11 Hard landing graph page 12 Horsepower page 13 Air Data interface page 14 User configuration page 15 Set fuel page 15 Fuel page ...

Page 18: ...modate a range of EGT temperatures that is appropriate for an average user s engine But what if you have a turbo boosted engine that runs hotter than average or you were forced by mechanical clearances to put the EGT probes further down the exhaust tubes than you would have liked which leads to lower reported EGT readings The factory settings for EGT heights may then be inappropriate for your airp...

Page 19: ...50 to 150 rpm Since the exhaust gases have less time to cool before being expelled from the cylinder the exhaust gas tempera tures of all cylinders should rise 50 to 100 F Various problems can be detected easily during run up with the aid of the G3 4 The absence of an rpm drop or EGT rise on single mag operation indicates trouble in the form of a hot mag or defective ignition switch A more common ...

Page 20: ...t does not fit the previous definition is magneto induced pre ignition It results from extreme timing errors in magneto adjustment or failure of the magneto itself Detonation in automobiles is commonly referred to as ping or knock It is an unusually rapid form of combustion that follows ignition induced combustion and is caused by high compression high temperatures and a lean mixture The rapid com...

Page 21: ...s is a very valuable tool for engine management The use of exhaust gas temperature for mixture control depends on certain characteristics of combustion that are common to all engines It is generally known that the exhaust gases get hotter as the mixture is leaned This temperature rise is a sign of increased combustion efficiency as the optimum mixture setting is approached If the leaning progresse...

Page 22: ...w measurement for diagnostics of the G23 4 only Read Only Screen K Factor Initialation screen is for setting up the fuel transducer info so the G2 3 4 fuel flow works correctly for that airplane YOUR CONFIGURATION SCREENS MAY OR MAY NOT BE CORRECT DEPENDING HOW THE UNIT WAS PURCHASED AND INSTALLED ADJUSTMENT INSTRUCTIONS Use PG knob to select screen Push SEL to highlight line to yellow Turn SEL to...

Page 23: ...rence the temperature difference display directly The temperature difference information is calculated relative to peak EGT so it is only available for display during leaning after peak has been reached After reaching peak a column width box appears on top of the EGT column containing the temperature difference from peak The instrument incorporates fuel flow analysis to also determine which side o...

Page 24: ...G SERIES PILOT S GUIDE INSIGHT INSTRUMENT CORPORATION BOX 122 FORT ERIE ONTARIO L2A 5M6 24 ...

Page 25: ...is final leaning should take about five seconds The first lean box to appear on top of the EGT bars column of bars identi fies the leanest cylinder the first to reach peak EGT Continue leaning until the lean boxes appear on all cylinders To operate rich of peak move the mixture control in the rich direction until the boxes show solid cyan with an R number inside in black To operate lean of peak mo...

Page 26: ... in climb does not apply to turbocharged engines which do not experience the same air density variations due to altitude Leaning the Engine in Cruise without Lean Mode There are occasions when the pilot may wish to lean manually It is informative on the first G3 4 training flight to lean the engine without Lean Mode to get a feel for the instrument As you lean the bars will rise reach a maximum an...

Page 27: ...o to restore the manifold pressure at the higher altitude The TIT reading is a key factor in leaning the turbocharged engine It also provides diagnostic information that is unavailable from other sources A wastegate system malfunction will affect TIT readings under conditions where other indications are normal Should the wastegate stick closed at high altitude all indications would appear normal S...

Page 28: ...e life of exhaust valves the wastegate and the turbocharger itself Special Considerations for Twins Some twin engine aircraft exhibit an unusual mixture control reversal characteristic We speculatively attribute this to the long flexible cable used to link the cockpit controls with the engine The phenomenon is easily observed in aircraft with fuel flow gauges When the pilot pulls back on the mixtu...

Page 29: ...EGT bar and stands out clearly However when the engine is shutdown the EGT quickly drops to zero and the cylinders remain warm for sometime The G3 4 provides a reliable indication of cylinder head temperature even with the engine shut down Should an EGT probe fail the entire EGT column for that cylinder will go blank and the numeric indication will show that is dashes but the CHT bar will still re...

Page 30: ...n to red indicating that the probe should be replaced before it fails and leaves you with no temperature reading at all One other point to consider is that the longer the wiring to the probes the higher its resistance Every foot of EGT wire adds 1 7 Ohms ft for the lead and 0 8 Ohms ft for the lead Every foot of CHT wire adds 0 2 Ohms ft for the lead and 0 7 Ohms ft for the lead A 24 ft harness wi...

Page 31: ...nt to discover this phenomenon because it may eventually lead to a catastrophic engine failure It readily appears in a slow sampled spectrum analysis A normal indication will be a flat line with a little noise while a trouble indication will show as an obvious spectral peak This analysis should only be performed in cruise at a constent altitude and power setting Press and hold bottom button to res...

Page 32: ... the various sub screens by pushing the top button There are 6 screens to examine each of the prima ry axis x y and z and an averaged version of each The averaged version will be much cleaner and contain less noise than the raw measurement and is the preferred screen to examine for each axis The bottom knob can also be pushed to enter a zoom mode When in zoom mode turning the bottom knob will allo...

Page 33: ...rces will help the pilot to operate the airplane safely by slowing to maneuvering speed Landing shock is a good training aid for smooth landings and a predictor of structural damage Data logged G force will report unauthorized aerobatic activity or abuse of rental aircraft It could also be useful in accident investigation The data is also logged on the SD Card in milli G s for future examination G...

Page 34: ...ased on threshold When the threshold is exceeded the 12 sec ond G force is also recorded in the log file The new transient G force screen shows you the whole event the moment it happens You won t miss a thing The event is also marked and stored in the log file for easy reference later The pilot can set the trigger threshold on the G force screen for normal operation Just prior to landing the instr...

Page 35: ...P algorithms do the best they can to predict engine power even though some essential information is missing The display now shows power in either yellow or white When the incoming information is favorable and will yield a good result it will display the value in white So what are the favorable conditions The instrument needs fuel flow RPM peak EGT and all the configuration data set correctly If it...

Page 36: ...ccomplish this One method is to use the Auto range function to configure the display for you Another method is to adjust the MAX EGT TEMPERATURE and AUTORANGE INFLECTION parameters manually and a third method is to set the bar heights visually on the main screen On line 2 EGT AUTORANGE there are 3 possibilities ON OFF and SAVE After pushing the SEL button until this line is highlighted in yellow t...

Page 37: ...en and make sure EGT AUTORANGE is turned OFF as described earlier Adjust EGT MAX TEMPERATURE and AUTORANGE INFLECTION directly by using the following procedure To set an EGT MAX TEMPERATURE and AUTORANGE INFLECTION on the User configuration screen Press the SEL button to select line 3 AUTORANGE INFLECTION or line 4 EGT MAX TEMPERATURE Turn the SEL knob to select a value as desired Notice that adju...

Page 38: ...e lower the number the faster the sampling but less smooth jumpier Factory preset is 32 Adjusting the bar heights from the main screen Method 3 An alternative way to setup the scale of the temperature bargraphs can be performed from the main screen Press the SEL button and a message appears TURN ADJUST BAR HEIGHT By turning the SEL button the heights of the bars may be moved up and down Pressing t...

Page 39: ...our changes FF Stability Displays literally the stability of your fuel flow over the last few seconds The smaller the number the less the fuel flow has varied in the past few seconds A well regulated fuel system will have a smallnumber a carbureted system can expect a larger number The smaller the number the more likely you are to get an accurate fuel flow reading during the lean find function An ...

Page 40: ... gallon The next line will show how much the fuel flow rate has changed since the last time it was saved This can be a valuable aid when tweaking your K Factor for accurate fuel totalizing For example raising the K Factor from 30 000 to 33 000 means the fuel flow indication will decrease by 10 next time you restart the G2 3 4 4 Push SEL to select 3 SAVE CONFIG YES NO Turn SEL to highlight YES in R...

Page 41: ... the return sensor is then subtracted from the fuel measured by the supply sensor with the result yielding the fuel consumed by the engine which is the quantity we wish to display on the G3 The supply sensor must be connected to FF1 of the G3 4 and the return sensor to FF2 Using the knobs to navigate the G3 4 The G3 4 has two knobs one PG and SEL There are two functions built into each knob the pu...

Page 42: ...b is turned to make a selection on this line For example to set the G2 3 4 up for a pressurized carburetor with a separate return line perform the following procedure When on line 6 turn the SEL knob clockwise or counter clockwise to select PCARB The current selection is shown in red Use the SEL pushbutton to select Line 9 On line 9 turn the SEL knob clockwise or counter clockwise to set the Save ...

Page 43: ...e log file later In order to make it easy to find the entry in the file the pilot need only press and hold the top button Implementation In order to mark the event the user simply presses and holds the top button The screen momentarily pauses and increments and displays a number assigned to this event The first press generates a 1 the fifteenth press generates a 15 etc This tag is saved in the dat...

Page 44: ...es the benefits of long term trend monitoring through a standardized personal computer interface The G3 data log system makes it easy to retrieve log data from all flights The G3 automatically records parameters during every flight Each flight s data is stored in an individual log file on the SD Card Every file has an identification header containing the date time aircraft registration and data lo...