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5-2 Contents of the Function Menu Switches

5  SETTING OF THE FUNCTION MENU SWITCHES

[     ]: Factory setting

Function

Screens

Items

Set values

VTR mode 2

SUMMER TIME

[OFF]

setting

ON

Turns summer time compensation on or off.
OFF : Clock is not adjusted for summer (daylight saving) time.
ON

: Clock is adjusted for summer (daylight saving) time.

TERMINAL

[SERIES]

SEL 1

EXT
C.ADJ

Selects the signal to be input or output to the [SERIES/CLOCK IN·OUT]
terminals on the rear panel.
SERIES : Set to this position to input or output a series recording signal.
EXT

: Set to this position to start or stop the recording with the VCR

activation signal input from an external control device.

C.ADJ

: Set to this position to input or output a clock reset signal.

Selects the signal output from the rear panel’s [WARNING/REC OUT] terminal.
WARN. : Set to this position to output a warning signal.  The warning signal is

output if an abnormality occurs in tape transport or mechanism
operation.

REC

: Set to this position to output a recording mode signal (+12 V) in the

Record mode.

TERMINAL

[WARN.]

SEL 2

REC

REC REMAIN

[OFF]
180S
360S

VTR mode 1

INDEX

[OFF]

setting

SEARCH

ON

Enables or disables the Index Search function.
OFF : The index search function is disabled.
ON

: When an alarm-recorded tape is put in the FF or REV. Shuttle Search

mode, the VCR searches for the nearest recorded index code (VISS
signal) and engages playback at the indexed position.
When an alarm-recorded tape is fast-forwarded or rewound, the VCR
searches for the nearest index code and enters the Stop mode at the
indexed position.

CAMERA SW

[OFF]
1 FIELD

1 FRAME

Sets the camera switching interval for output to an external sequential switcher
during recording.
OFF

: No camera switching signal is output.

1 FIELD : Set to this position to switch the camera every 1 field.
1 FRAME : Set to this position to switch cameras every 1 frame.

TAPE END

[OFF]

BUZZER

ON

Turns the Tape End buzzer on or off.
OFF : The buzzer does not sound at tape end.
ON

: When the tape reaches the position set with the <REC REMAIN> or

<COUNT END> menu function switch during recording, a buzzer sounds.
To stop the buzzer sound, press the [REW] button, [EJECT] button,
[STOP] button, [RESET/CANCEL] button or [OPERATE] button.
When the mode is changed, the buzzer sound stops.

WARNING

[OFF]

BUZZER

ON

Turns the warning buzzer on or off.
OFF : The buzzer does not sound.
ON

: The buzzer sounds. To stop the buzzer sound, press the [OPERATE]

button or [RESET/CANCEL] button.

Sets the timing to process tape end before the actual tape end.  This menu
switch setting is effective in the 3H to L24H Record modes.  For the 48H to
240H modes, set with <COUNT END>.  The following operations are executed
at the timing set with this menu switch.
• The tape end signal is output from the rear panel's [TAPE END] terminal.
• The series recording signal is output from the rear panel's [CLOCK/SERIES

OUT] terminal (with the TERMINAL SEL 1> function menu switch set to
"SERIES").

• The tape end buzzer sounds (with the <TAPE END BUZZER> function menu

switch set to "ON").

• "End" is shown on the counter display.
The set values (180S/360S) are for the 3H mode.  The relation between the
recording mode and the recording time is shown below.

These values should be used as a reference only. Actual values may differ depending on
the tape used.

Setting

Record modes

3H

L12H

L24H

OFF

Tape end

Tape end

Tape end

180S

3 minutes

15 minutes

27 minutes

360S

6 minutes

30 minutes

54 minutes

Summary of Contents for SR-9240E

Page 1: ...ERATE SR 9240E OPE LOCK PAL PAL Thank you for purchasing this JVC product Before operating this unit please read the instructions carefully to ensure the best possible performance This instruction book is made from 100 recycled paper INTRODUCTION CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS PREPARATION RECORDING PLAYBACK AND SPECIAL EFFECTS PLAYBACK TROUBLE SHOOTING CONNECTIONS MONITOR ON SCREEN DISPLAY SETTING OF THE...

Page 2: ...itedKingdom DO NOT cut off the mains plug from this equipment If the plug fitted is not suitable for the power points in your home or the cable is too short to reach a power point then obtain a proper safety approved extension lead adapter or consult your dealer BE SURE to replace the fuse only with an identical approved type as originally fitted and to replace the fuse cover If nonetheless the ma...

Page 3: ...n buttons are disabled However you can still control the recorder with the remote control or RS 232C control OPERATION LOCK 1 Engage the Rec or Play mode 2 While pressing the OPE LOCK button press the TIME MODE button LOCK is shown on the display indicating that the Operation Lock mode is engaged 3 To unlock the VCR press the TIME MODE button while pressing the OPE LOCK button The LOCK indication ...

Page 4: ... Restore Recording After Power Failure 39 7 10 External Timer Recording 39 7 11 Tape End Buzzer 39 8 PLAYBACK AND SPECIAL EFFECTS PLAYBACK 8 1 Preparation 40 8 2 Playback 40 8 3 Special Effects Playback 41 8 4 Index Search 42 8 5 Tracking V Lock Adjustment 42 9 TROUBLESHOOTING 9 1 Error Indication 43 9 2 No Error Indication 44 10 OPTIONAL SA K97U RS 232C INTERFACE BOARD 10 1 Installation of the SA...

Page 5: ...ses the year month date minute and second on the image during recording Also allows you to use the menu screen to display the number of alarms alarm time and the number of the power failures 5 Timer recording function Two types of timer recording are available based on the date up to 8 programs or based on the day of the week 1 1 Major Features 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 Periodical Maintenance This VCR in...

Page 6: ...e tape is required Use an E 180 tape or shorter Do not use extended tapes 180 minutes or more such as E 240 Erasure prevention tab Condensation 5 Condensation occurs in the following cases When the VCR is moved from a cold place to a warm place In a room that has just been heated or in an area directly exposed to a cooler When there is excessive humidity 5 When condensation is expected to occur Tu...

Page 7: ...ion is performed again If picture quality is again judged defective head cleaning is performed once again and E 09 is shown on the display to indicate that there is a problem Recording will continue however PAL REC PLAY FF REW REVERSE PAUSE STILL REC CHECK STOP EJECT COUNT CLOCK TIME MODE TIMER REC AL PL RESET MENU VIDEO CASSETTE RECORDER SHIFT TRACKING SET V LOCK RESET CANCEL OPERATE SR 9240E OPE...

Page 8: ...y SHIFT TRACKING buttons Press to select an item in date time setting timer program setting and function menu setting Press to adjust tracking and reduce noise if there are tracking problems in the 3H VHS SP mode or during search Tracking adjustment is not possible in the Timelapse Play mode 2 CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS SET V LOCK buttons Press to set values in date time setting timer program setting...

Page 9: ...Cassette indication Lights when a cassette is loaded Blinks when a cassette is being ejected 3 SP LP indication Shows the VHS standard SP mode during recording playback During Timelapse Recording Playback mode the SP indicator is shown When a tape recorded in the LP mode is played back the LP indication is shown 4 Tape counter time indication When the power is turned on the tape counter or current...

Page 10: ...on 7 REMOTE remote connector Connect the optional RM G30U remote control 8 SERIES CLOCK OUT series recording signal clock reset signal output terminal Outputs the series recording signals or clock reset signals Select the output signal with the TERMINAL SEL 1 menu switch Series recording signal output When the TERMINAL SEL 1 menu switch is set to SERIES the series recording signal is output Connec...

Page 11: ...als to start alarm or sensor recording COM common ground terminal Connect to the ground terminal of a connected unit CAM SW OUT camera switching signal output terminal When a sequential switcher is connected this terminal outputs camera switching timing control signals For details refer to page 54 9 SERIES CLOCK IN series recording signal clock reset signal input terminal Input the series recordin...

Page 12: ...amera AC 220 240 V BNC RCA Alarm sensor Monitor TV CONNECTION TO THE SW 501E SW 502E SEQUENTIAL SWITCHER 1 Connect pin 6 on the sequential switcher s TIMER INPUT connector to the VCR s CAMERA SW OUT terminal Connect pin 1 to the GND terminal 2 Connect pin 8 on the sequential switcher s TIMER INPUT connector to pin 8 on its TIMER OUT connector Note Be sure to use two DIN connectors for connections ...

Page 13: ...tial switcher s frame switcher alarm signal output camera switching signal input and video output to the SR 9240E EK 3 Connect the monitor s video audio input connectors to the SR 9240E EK s video audio output connectors 4 When the connection is complete connect the power plug to an AC 220 240 V 50 60 Hz outlet 5 Synchro should be applied to all connected video cameras Sequential switcher Video ou...

Page 14: ...nterface example Example Lamp lights with HIGH signal Relay Lamp etc Power supply Control signal GND 5 Use appropriately rated devices 3 CONNECTIONS CLOCK IN OUT clock reset terminal 5 When setting the clock to the first VCR s clock COM CLOCK IN COM CLOCK OUT First VCR Second VCR Last VCR COM CLOCK IN 5 When setting the clock to the external master clock COM CLOCK IN COM CLOCK IN COM CLOCK IN Firs...

Page 15: ...put connector to the monitor s video input connector 1 Turn the power on monitor and VCR 2 When a video signal is input to the video input connector time date and recording mode are superimposed on the picture If there is no signal input display data is superimposed on a black background If the date and time have not been set correct date and time indications are not available 5 If no on screen da...

Page 16: ...e the playback picture 4 2 Main Menu Display You can display date and time data recorded when an alarm input or power failure occurs as well as the hour meter drum rotating time by selecting the desired item in the main menu The timer recording program setting screen function menu switch setting screen and date time setting screen can also be displayed by selecting the desired item in the main men...

Page 17: ...data select ALARM IN To display power failure data select POWER LOSS 4 Press the SET or SET button to display the selected data alarm input or power loss When 10 or more alarm input or power loss data items have been stored subsequent data will replace earlier items beginning from the second item 5 Press the MENU button to end menu operation and restore the normal screen Resetting alarm input powe...

Page 18: ...ct an item with the SHIFT buttons Enter the selected values with the SET buttons Alarm sensor recording mode setting Press the SHIFT or SHIFT button to select the item you want to set When the cursor arrow reaches the last item bottom of the screen pressing the SHIFT button advances the display to the next menu switch setting screen e g WARNING BUZZER SUMMER TIME When the cursor arrow is at the fi...

Page 19: ...Also sets what action is taken if picture quality is found to be defective when Recording Check is activated with the REC CHECK button MANUAL If picture quality is found to be defective when Recording Check is activated with the REC CHECK button head cleaning is performed once and recording resumes The error indication E 09 is shown on the display for 10 seconds Automatic Recording Check is not pe...

Page 20: ... camera switching interval for output to an external sequential switcher during recording OFF No camera switching signal is output 1 FIELD Set to this position to switch the camera every 1 field 1 FRAME Set to this position to switch cameras every 1 frame TAPE END OFF BUZZER ON Turns the Tape End buzzer on or off OFF The buzzer does not sound at tape end ON When the tape reaches the position set w...

Page 21: ...put to the rear panel s ALARM IN terminal during timelapse recording SENSOR REC OFF ON Selects the recording duration for alarm recording or sensor recording 5 180 Alarm or sensor recording is performed for the time specified 5 sec to 180 sec TAPE END Alarm or sensor recording continues until the tape ends MANUAL Alarm or sensor recording continues for as long as alarm signals are input Set to thi...

Page 22: ... date and time are not set The time date setting can be enabled on the CLOCK ADJUST menu screen or the front panel display SHIFT button COUNT CLOCK TIME MODE TIMER REC AL PL RESET MENU SHIFT TRACKING SET V LOCK RESET CANCEL PAL SET button SET button OPERATE button TIMER indication EJECT button indication TIMER REC button PAL Auto power on When a cassette is loaded the power automatically turns on ...

Page 23: ...MENU button twice The normal display is restored and the set date and time are shown on screen The time count starts from 00 seconds Note If you press the OPERATE button after setting the date and time without first pressing the MENU button the set date and time are canceled Menu switch POSITION set to L UP 1 Turn the power on 2 Press the COUNT CLOCK button for at least 2 seconds The year indicati...

Page 24: ... below for more information on each mode Each time the TIME MODE button is pressed the recording playback mode changes in the following order 3H VHS SP mode L12H 12 hour Timelapse mode L24H 48H 72H 96H 120H 168H 240H 3H The selected recording or playback time mode is shown on the display The SP indicator lights Note When a tape recorded in the VHS Long Play LP mode is played back the LP indicator ...

Page 25: ...OP Selects the mode engaged when the tape ends during recording When set to STOP the Stop mode is engaged When set to REW the tape is rewound to the beginning When set to REPEAT the tape is rewound to the beginning and recording re starts repeat recording When set to EJECT the tape is ejected 5 CAMERA SW Factory setting OFF Sets the switching timing for cameras connected to an external sequential ...

Page 26: ...enu switch OPERATE button REC CHECK button STOP EJECT button REC button PLAY button PAUSE STILL button Note If the VCR is left in the Record Pause mode for more than 5 minutes the transition between scenes may be distorted when recording is re started 1 Press the OPERATE button to turn the operating mode on The OPERATE indicator lights 2 Insert a cassette with safety tab in place The cassette indi...

Page 27: ... Press the MENU button The main menu screen is displayed on the monitor 3 Press the SHIFT or SHIFT button to move the cursor arrow to PROGRAM TIMER in the main menu then press the SET or SET button The daily timer program setting screen is displayed DAILY is shown on the second line of the daily timer program setting screen If the date and time have not been set the date and time setting screen wi...

Page 28: ...o shift the blinking to the right Day Month Start time hour Start time minute Stop time hour Stop time minute Record mode Select the next program No Press the SHIFT button to move the blinking to the left 2 Press the SET or SET button to set the value for the blinking item Press the SET button to increase the value and the SET button to decrease it Set the Day Month Start time hour Start time minu...

Page 29: ... SHIFT or SHIFT button to move the cursor arrow to DAILY and press the SET or SET button The weekly timer program setting screen is shown 2 Select the day of the week you want to record on Press the SHIFT or SHIFT button to set the cursor arrow to the day of the week to be set Press the SHIFT button to move the cursor arrow down and the SHIFT button to move it up 3 Set the selected day of the week...

Page 30: ...mming within a year can be canceled This function is useful for irregular days such as holidays national holidays or special days This setting can only be performed when the unit is turned ON 1 Display the cancel program setting screen Set the cursor arrow to the second line WEEKLY on the weekly timer program setting screen then press the SET or SET button 2 Press the SHIFT or SHIFT button to set ...

Page 31: ...ms are canceled automatically So if necessary program the timer again If no programs have been set The TIMER indication blinks for about 10 seconds The Timer Record Standby mode cannot be engaged Program the timer If program data overlaps The Timer Record Standby mode is engaged and the OVER LAP indication blinks for about 10 seconds The OVER LAP indication is not shown however if the DAILY timer ...

Page 32: ...e alarm situation Normal timelapse recording is restored after the preset alarm recording duration has passed Alarm recording will not start from the Pause mode AL indication Set the alarm recording mode alarm recording duration buzzer ON OFF during alarm recording and the operation mode at the tape end during alarm recording with the function menu switches Menu switches for alarm sensor recording...

Page 33: ...PE END MODE on the alarm sensor recording mode setting screen STOP The tape stops REW The tape is rewound to the beginning and stops REPEAT Recording continues from the beginning of the tape EJECT The tape is ejected 6 After setting the function menu switches press the MENU button twice The normal screen is restored Check the time and data shown on the monitor s on screen display If the time and d...

Page 34: ... recording time will be shorter than the specified value When the sensor recording time is set to MANUAL the alarm cue signal index code will not be recorded correctly if alarm input lasts for less than 30 seconds When sensor recording duration is set with an external switcher set the sensor recording duration to MANUAL To sound the buzzer during sensor recording set BUZZER to ON Set the operation...

Page 35: ...rding Check function This function automatically checks recording quality at the beginning of the tape during repeat recording To activate the Auto Recording Check function set the REC CHECK function menu switch in the VTR mode 1 setting screen to AUTO Operation of the Auto Recording Check function The recorded section at the beginning of the tape is automatically played back in the Repeat Record ...

Page 36: ...T Operations 1 Set the TERMINAL SEL 1 function menu switch on the VTR mode 2 setting screen to SERIES series recording for all connected VCRs Output a series recording signal from the SERIES CLOCK OUT terminal to start recording Set the signal output timing with REC REMAIN or COUNT END For details refer to Contents of the Function Menu Switches on page 21 2 To end function setting press the MENU b...

Page 37: ...VTR mode 2 setting screen 1 Set the function menu switch TERMINAL SEL 1 on the VTR mode 2 setting screen to EXT to use the external recording function 2 Press the MENU button to switch the on screen display to the time date display 3 Load a cassette with a safety tab in place and engage the Stop mode the Pause mode or turn the operating mode off When a VCR activation signal ground input is input t...

Page 38: ...ing screen 7 10 External Timer Recording External timer recording can be performed by connecting the SR 9240E EK to an external timer 1 Check that a cassette is loaded in the VCR If the cassette s safety tab has been removed recording will not take place This function does not work when the Timer Record mode is engaged 2 Set the function menu switch AUTO REC to ON Power is supplied from the extern...

Page 39: ...play starts automatically auto play function 4 Press the PLAY button to start play The play indicator is shown on the display and the Play mode is engaged Cassettes recorded in the VHS Long Play mode LP are played back in the VHS Long Play mode 006H is shown in the display To stop playback 5 Press the STOP button The tape stops and the Stop mode is engaged Audio playback of a timelapse recorded ta...

Page 40: ... Stop mode is automatically engaged if the VCR remains in the Still mode for 5 minutes approx Shuttle search reverse and fast forward playback Fast forward shuttle search Press the FF button during playback The rewind search indicator is shown on the display and the Reverse Shuttle Search mode is engaged No sound is output Reverse shuttle search Press the REW button during play The fast forward se...

Page 41: ...en an index code is searched in the Fast Forward mode or the Rewind mode the Stop mode is automatically engaged when the code is located The VISS indicator is shown on the display whenever the Index Search mode is engaged Index Search does not function in the Auto Rewind mode When the picture moves up and down in the Still mode Press the V LOCK button to minimize vertical jitter When noise appears...

Page 42: ... with eject operation Error with recording check inferior recording performance Insufficient capacity of the built in battery for backup Displayed only in the operating off mode No video signals input to the VIDEO IN connector Error indication E 01 E 02 E 03 E 04 E 05 E 06 E 07 E 09 E 10 E 11 VCR operation The operating mode is turned off The operating mode is turned off The operating mode is turn...

Page 43: ...el it is too noisy install the VCR in a rack q Set the clock q Set the POSITION function menu switch to another position To continue repeat recording even when the alarm recording is executed set the function menu switch TAPE END MODE on the alarm sensor recording mode setting screen to REPEAT Causes q Is the power cord disconnected q Is the TIMER indication shown q Is the Operation Lock mode enga...

Page 44: ...rts inside the VCR Note Before installing the board turn the power off and unplug the power cord from an AC outlet 1 Detach the top cover Remove the 5 screws securing the top cover and lift it off 2 Detach the plate in the VCR Remove the 2 screws on the rear panel Detach the plate from the inside of the VCR 3 Connect the SA K97U s connector to the VCR Insert the SA K97U connector into the connecto...

Page 45: ...CK TYPE RESET 2 ERROR Data 2 PRG CLK ROM VER HOUR METER COUNT SENSE RESET 3 CASSETTE Data 3 SHFT EJECT SEARCH OUT VISS 4 Data 4 SHFT ON SCREEN SELECT 5 NOT Data 5 SET PL AL COUNT TARGET SENSE 6 ALARM Data 6 CLEAR SET TL STATUS TL STATUS JVC INPUT SET SENSE TABLE1 ON 7 Data 7 CANCEL STATUS JVC SENSE TABLE1 OFF 8 Data 8 9 Data 9 OPE LOCK ON A ACK PLAY REV OPE LOCK REC REC PLAY OFF REQUEST B NAK OPER...

Page 46: ...e same as when locally controlled on the VCR Before transmitting either of the following commands 13 or 14 first transmit REC DUB REQUEST FAH and confirm that ACK is returned by the VCR 13 REC CAH Starts recording The VCR returns ACK 14 REC PAUSE CBH Engages Record Pause mode The VCR returns ACK To re start recording transmit REC FAH CAH To cancel Record Pause transmit STOP 3FH The VCR will enter ...

Page 47: ...VCR starts INDEX search after returning ACK When the specified point is reached the VCR returns COMPLETION 01H If the end or beginning of the tape is reached before the specified point the VCR returns NOT TARGET 05H This command differs from commands 15 and 16 only in that the FF ABH or REW ACH command is included separately 10 OPTIONAL SA K97U RS 232C INTERFACE BOARD 1st byte 2nd byte BIT When th...

Page 48: ...selected with SHIFT 4 CANCEL 67H Cancels program data in timer programming or engages the Cancel Program mode Setting procedure is the same as when using the VCR controls Be sure to transmit commands 1 byte at a time with ACK 0AH confirmation from the VCR after each transmission 5 On screen setting command 1 ON SCREEN ON 70H Activates time date on screen indication ON SCREEN OFF 71H Deactivates on...

Page 49: ... HOUR METER SENSE D2H VCR returns the hour meter data in 5 bytes eg 12345 hours 31H 32H 33H 34H 35H 8 TL STATUS SENSE D6H VCR returns Timelapse mode data in 6 bytes The contents of each byte are as follows 1st 2nd byte Recording playback mode Correspondence of the code and the mode is the same as that described in 2 2 Recording playback mode setting commands 2 MODE 7EH 3rd byte 5th byte Conditions...

Page 50: ...lways 0 4th byte BIT Status when BIT is 1 0 Not defined Always 0 1 REC Mode VCR is in the Record mode 2 Eject A cassette is being ejected 3 Not defined Always 1 4 Stop Mode VCR is in the Stop mode 5 REW Mode VCR is in the Rewind mode 6 FF Mode VCR is in the Fast Forward mode 7 Play Mode VCR is in the Play mode 5th byte BIT Status when BIT is 1 0 Speed Code 0 VCR s current tape running mode See bel...

Page 51: ...the 1st byte of the transmitted command In this case it is not necessary to input CLEAR Check whether the transmitted command is acceptable to the VCR or not TXD 7EH 30H 32H RXD 0AH 0AH 0AH Time 41H 0AH 33H 0AH 40H 0AH 3 Commands reference chart VCR setting commands Page 5 Recording playback mode 48 MODE SHIFT 48 MODE 48 5 Timelapse VCR operation mode 48 TL STATUS 48 5 Date and time setting 49 DAT...

Page 52: ... m 2 h 12 m 0 m 72H 73 h 32 m 64 h 29 m 55 h 58 m 48 h 0 m 40 h 33 m 33 h 38 m 27 h 15 m 21 h 23 m 16 h 4 m 11 h 17 m 7 h 1 m 3 h 18 m 0 m Record playback speed modes 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 4 500 5 000 5 500 6 018 Record playback speed modes 120H 122 h 33 m 107 h 29 m 93 h 18 m 80 h 0 m 67 h 35 m 56 h 3 m 45 h 25 m 35 h 39 m 26 h 47 m 18 h 48 m 11 h 42 m 5 h 30 m 0 m 240H ...

Page 53: ... V 12 V HV 12 V output impedance 4 7 kohms Record mode repeat recording ON auto rewind ON Tape end Manual operation Warning Warning reset HV 12 V output impedance 4 7 kohms Record mode repeat recording OFF auto rewind OFF ALARM IN Alarm signal input ALARM REC OUT Alarm recording mode signal output TAPE END OUT Tape end signal output WARNING REC OUT Warning signal Rec mode signal output ALARM RST I...

Page 54: ...ox 4 minutes with E 180 cassette AC 220 240 V 50 60 Hz 19 watts 360 W x 94 H x 294 D mm Approx 4 5 kg 5 C 40 C 30 RH or more 80 RH or less 20 C 60 C 0 5 2 0 Vp p 75 ohms unbalanced BNC Signal output 1 0 Vp p 75 ohms unbalanced BNC Colour mode 240 lines or more SP mode B W mode 280 lines or more SP mode 43 dB or more SP mode 1 normal 8 dBs 50 kohms unbalanced RCA 67 dBs 600 ohms unbalanced 8 dBs 1 ...

Page 55: ...rinted in Japan 1999 VICTOR COMPANY OF JAPAN LIMITED SR 9240E EK VIDEO CASSETTE RECORDER SL96166 is a registered Trademark owned by VICTOR COMPANY OF JAPAN LTD is a registered Trademark in Japan the U S A the U K and many other countries ...

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