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K1EL K45 CW Keyboard and Reader Manual K45

K45 User’s Manual - Rev A

6/6/2021

Page 33

K45 Specifications

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Built-In USB Keyboard Interface

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Iambic CW Paddle Interface

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PTT Output: Solid state relay +/- 300VDC

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Key Output: Solid state relay +/- 300VDC

•

Outputs are optically isolated

•

Adjustable lead in and tail delays

•

Adjustable Speed 5-149 WPM

•

Adjustable Weighting

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Adjustable Keying Compensation

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Built-In Sidetone Generator with

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On Board Speaker

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20 Char by 4 Row LCD Display

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Rotary Encoder for fast WPM change

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12 Message memories

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Message Pushbutton

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Operating Voltage: 5-volt USB

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WinKeyer Mode through

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USB Host interface

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Current: < 140 ma (less keyboard)

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Embedded commands in messages

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Iambic A, B, Ultimatic, and Straight Key

•

Built in CW practice modes

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Autospace

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First Dit/Dah adjustable correction

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Automatic paddle watchdog

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Flexible Beacon Modes

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HSCW/QRSS Output Capability

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Farnsworth speed mode

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Extensive RFI and ESD filtering

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Keyboard Paddle

•

Fast Callsign Capture

•

LCD contrast and backlight adjustment

CWR Specifications

AF Input Level

100 mV minimum to 5V maximum peak to peak.

Input Audio Filter

2 Pole

PSoC Based Audio Filter

4 Pole

Tone Decode Frequency

725 Hz

Decode Method

Quadrature Correlation Demodulation

Decode Speed Range

10 to 45 WPM

Tuning Indication

10 Level LCD frequency bar graph, auto squelch

Gain Settings

Eight gain levels

Noise Filtering

Eight Digital low pass filter settings

Inter-element Spacing

10 Noise threshold levels

ASR Mode

Automatic display buffer toggle

CWR Processor

Cypress CY8C27243-24 PSoC Processor

Support and Warranty

The K-45 is fully warranted to the original purchaser against defects in materials and workmanship for one
year after purchase. This warranty does not cover damage caused by accident, improper care, or lightning
damage. Please contact us before returning your K45 for repair and we will issue an RMA. Please submit
questions by e-mail to

k1el.kitsinfo@gmail.com

Watch our website for latest updates and new products:

http://www.k1el.com

While every effort has been made to ensure that the K45 design is as complete and
accurate as possible it is still possible to cause equipment damage or incur personal
injury if:

1)  The K45 is not used as intended.
2)  Is connected incorrectly.
3)  Safety guidelines outlined in this document are not followed.
4)  The K45 is modified in any way.

K1EL cannot be held responsible in these or other similar events.

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Summary of Contents for K45

Page 1: ...K45 CW Modem with WinKeyer3 Controller User Manual www k1el com Revision A 0 June 6 2021 ...

Page 2: ...ini USB connector for connection to a host PC or power source 1 8 inch audio jack for CW reader input with adjustable gain spacing threshold and noise filter 1 8 inch stereo key output jack provides two separate optically isolated outputs Keying outputs can be configured as two separate keying outputs or a single output with PTT Optically isolated Solid State relay outputs key up to 350 volts at 1...

Page 3: ...dows once entry reaches the end of a line the display is automatically scrolled up and the cursor is moved to the left of a new line An optional word wrap mode can be enabled to break the line at word boundaries this setting is in Configuration Menu 5 If word wrap has been enabled then an entire word will be carried over to the new line Enabling word wrap applies to both Rx and Tx windows It is ea...

Page 4: ...or left will move to the next or previous menu wrapping from first to last and last to first An underline cursor indicates the selected item The ENTER key opens that item up for editing and a submenu will show the current setting The setting can be changed with the right left arrows or by entering a new value on the keyboard Each menu item leads off with a number 1 Tx WPM for example In this case ...

Page 5: ...isplay and the menu will be cancelled To leave the menu without making changes press the ESC key There are several terminal programs that run on a PC and capture the window dumps display them and save them to a file A very popular one is called TeraTerm and is free The serial data settings are 19200 baud 8 bit with no parity ESC K Key mapping Menu The mapping of K45 keyboard keys to Morse characte...

Page 6: ...ge Launcher formats the message keys and tags together to remind you where the messages are and then allows you to quickly launch a message of choice by entering a single numeric keystroke 1 CQX1 2 RST 3 NAME 4 QTH 5 73 6 PSE RPT 7 RIG 8 ANT Figure 3 Message Launcher Menu Example Since only eight messages are shown per screen the up down arrows are used to view F9 F10 F11 and F12 If a keyboard is ...

Page 7: ...WK3 IC The K45 will then operate exactly like a WKUSB or WKmini would in host mode In WinKeyer mode the rotary encoder will function in a similar way to a normal WKUSB speed pot without physical end stops like there are on a potentiometer The host application s speed pot min and max settings determine what the end stops will be Just like WKUSB the K45 will appear as a serial com port to a host app...

Page 8: ...ead of the command that text will be sent before the serial number The serial number is automatically incremented after sending it For information about inserting a serial number into a message see N in the buffered command section on page 12 The left and right arrows directly adjust the serial number up or down CTL T Tune This places the K45 in tune mode which forces a constant key down condition...

Page 9: ...h eight filter levels As the filter is being modified new values will be flashed on the status line as CF n where n is a value between 1 and 8 Changes are automatically stored in nonvolatile configuration memory for the current user The noise filter dictates how the CWR will respond to short impulses of a specified width Larger filter values lower the response of the filter A slower filter can red...

Page 10: ...backspace left to delete letter by letter Use the down arrow to leave the tag and get back to the message When message editing is completed use Enter to save the new message or ESC to cancel the edits and revert to the original message and tag Fast Callsign Capture Feature The K45 can store a callsign as it is entered on the paddles Press either C or the star key on the numeric keypad and CLL will...

Page 11: ...F1 F9 would be 1 to 9 F10 is A F11 is B and F12 is C The call command will jump to the specified message send that message and after the message completes the stream will return to where it was called from It is more flexible than a jump to message An example of this command is Load slot F1 with C C DE B B BTU OM KN Load Slot F11 with K1EL Load slot F12 with WA1ABC Message F1 will play as WA1ABC W...

Page 12: ...rs and they will be merged MAR is sent as AR If this command is entered on the keyboard nothing will be sent until both letters have been entered Send Serial Number Buffered N The current five digit serial number is sent in Morse If LZ is on Serial number menu ESC S all leading zeroes are suppressed so 00407 would be sent as 407 The serial number menu is also be used to map a number to a cut subst...

Page 13: ... Easy Beacon with exact timing Buffered Z nn str str will be sent at the beacon rate designated by nn in seconds The time between beacons is set by the value nn and is independent of the time it takes to send str A J command is not needed at the end of the message Two digits must be entered as in 06 for 6 seconds DEL or paddle press cancels A disadvantage of formatting a repeating beacon with W an...

Page 14: ... user can override this by pressing the TAB key to view the transmit window 4 Level There are five levels of difficulty ranges in Rcv and Echo mode starting with the easiest letters such as E T A N and proceeding up to the full range of letters numbers and letters The levels are shown in Table 2 Keyboard reply should be for AR for SK for BT and for AS When QSO practice is selected this option chan...

Page 15: ...user successfully echoes all five strings the K45 will send AR and then start with a new group If the user fails the K45 will send eight dits and repeat that group until the user gets them all correct INSERT TAB PGDN and PGUP are very useful here just as they were for Rx practice QSO Practice _QSO_PRACTICE__15WPM CQ CQ DE K5RF K K5RF DE K1EL K K1EL DE K5 RF UR RST 5NN_ Figure 9 QSO Practice Displa...

Page 16: ...nds W4RTY 5NN NH the calling station answers 5NN GA User responds TU K1EL a new station responds K3NB User responds K3NB 5NN NH the new station answers 5NN MO User responds TU K1EL a new station responds WA5DDC This continues until the user makes a mistake the session is paused or the session is cancelled GO QSO COUNT 27 TEST K1EL W4RTY W4RTY 5NN NH 5NN GA TU K1EL K3NB K3NB 5NN NH 5NN MO Figure 10...

Page 17: ...pattern that runs for a line of 45 characters and the stops All ASCII characters which map to Baudot characters are accepted and printed The only non printing Baudot characters acted on are the brackets slash left brace and right brace Commands relating to Morse are ignored Those acted upon are shown below 1 Tuning command T 2 Transmit Pause INSERT 3 Clear Tx buffer DEL 4 Set PTT Lead Tail CRLF ha...

Page 18: ...50 66 WPM and 75 Baud 100 WPM STOP Bit Control There are two possible settings 1 5 or 2 0 stop bits This essentially sets the delay between letters sent in Baudot mode Diddle Control If Diddle is enabled a constant stream of LTRS or blanks will fill idle transmission time as soon as a leading bracket is entered on the keyboard It will stay active until a trailing bracket is entered A user always s...

Page 19: ...or WinKeyer mode Just select it from the menu and exit WinKeyer Mode by pressing the encoder Using a Straight Key with the K45 The K45 can be set up to work with a straight key Wire the key to an 1 8 stereo plug as shown below You must use a stereo connector and the ring must be left unconnected Once the cable is ready plug it into the K45 paddle input jack and then select Straight key mode in Con...

Page 20: ...n is activated with the key as well as send exchange with the Enter key NumPad mode should only be used with a Numeric Pad attached since it affects some of the standard keyboard mappings PTT Operation The K45 provides a separate output that is enabled whenever CW transmission takes place This output is called PTT which is a misnomer since it has nothing to do with Push to Talk In most cases the K...

Page 21: ...newer text TAB Toggle display view swap Rx and Tx HOME Return display view to input line BEG END Move display view to oldest line ENTER Various functions depending on current mode Windows Key Show Tx Progress Encoder Clockwise Increase WPM rate Encoder Counterclockwise Decrease WPM rate Encoder Pushbutton Quick Press Show Message Launch Menu Encoder Pushbutton Long Press Show Configuration Menu En...

Page 22: ...ang Figure 16 Configuration Menu 1 1 TXWPM Set the Speed in WPM Set the transmit WPM speed to a rate from 05 to 99 WPM 2 Weight Set Keying Weight Set the keying weight in a percentage from 50 to 150 When set to 100 the dit time is equal to the inter element time which is normal Values less than 50 reduce weighting while values greater than 50 increase weighting Weighting does not affect sending sp...

Page 23: ...ne dit time If the delay is too short the keyer could send an extra dit or dah If the delay is too long it slows you down because you must hold the paddle longer Faster operators report a setting slightly less than default is more pleasing The delay is calculated with this formula DELAY SAMPLE ADJUST DIT_TIME 50 where Sample Adjust is between 50 and 150 At Sample Adjust 50 One Half Dit Time At Sam...

Page 24: ...conds For example if Lead In is set to 26 the delay will be 260 milliseconds The maximum delay that can be set is 99 or 990 milliseconds 6 PTT Tail Set PTT Off Delay Time 0 99 Specifies the delay from the end of CW transmission to PTT de assertion it also is set in units of 10 mSecs 7 Tune 50 Set Keying Duty Cycle for Tune Mode Some Ops prefer to use a 50 duty cycle when keying their transmitter f...

Page 25: ...ds 30 WPM The value is set in milliseconds and must be in the range of 0 to 99 A challenge in this scheme is to determine when sending has stopped long enough to cause the transceiver to switch back to receive If it has it ll require a new first element correction on the next sequence The K45 uses the PTT tail timer to determine this set the tail timer to roughly match the transmit to receive chan...

Page 26: ...gure 24 Configuration Menu 4 1 STboard Enable Sine Tone Option Board The ST board is a future accessory for the K45 which will be available from K1EL to generate sinewave side tone audio Both the volume and pitch will be adjustable The board will drive a set of stereo headphones or small speaker This board is not currently available 2 Sleep Low Power Sleep Mode options The K45 has an onboard timer...

Page 27: ...encoder until the Practice Menu disappears and a practice session will start 5 Serial Set Serial Number For contesting the ability to send and keep track of a serial number is indispensable This command allows you to preset the serial number to any 5 digit number from 00001 to 99999 Any non numeric value entered will be ignored Once the serial number is set you can increment decrement and send the...

Page 28: ... mA so even a small USB charger will work fine Please use a good quality USB charger one for a dollar might not be a good choice Power On Off The K45 will power up as soon as it is plugged into a USB power source and will remain on It can be put into a low power sleep mode by pressing the ESC Y command or by holding the encoder button down for 3 seconds after the configuration menu appears In slee...

Page 29: ...s reset to default values Some of these you may like others not so much All settings are stored in EEPROM and can be modified easily through the Configuration Menus press ESC followed by C A detailed description of all the entries in the menu is provided in Appendix A Since all changes made in Configuration as stored in EEPROM the next time you power up the K45 it will start up the way you like In...

Page 30: ...level that is not affected by the radio s AF gain setting A radio s speaker output is not suitable for driving the K45 since in most cases when you plug a connector into the radio s speaker jack the radio s internal speaker is disabled The K45 does not have an internal speaker so there will be no audio to listen to An option is to use a splitter cable and feed one side to a speaker and the other s...

Page 31: ...d level is flashed on the status line as CT n where n will be the threshold level setting For best results set the threshold just above the point where random band noise triggers the letter decoding Threshold can also be adjusted in Configuration Menu 4 CWR Thrsh CWR Inter letter Spacing Allowance Another challenge is trying to copy poor sending technique letters that are run together poorly const...

Page 32: ... WK3 and the PSoC controller has the file type PSC The procedures are slightly different for each controller and are described below K45 PIC Upgrade On the PC Start K45pgm and set the com port On the K45 enter ESC U 2 Y must be capital Y On K45pgm click open K45 and the current F W revision is displayed Click K45 Update Enter file name Click program WK3 Upgrade On the PC Start K45pgm and set the c...

Page 33: ...PSoC Based Audio Filter 4 Pole Tone Decode Frequency 725 Hz Decode Method Quadrature Correlation Demodulation Decode Speed Range 10 to 45 WPM Tuning Indication 10 Level LCD frequency bar graph auto squelch Gain Settings Eight gain levels Noise Filtering Eight Digital low pass filter settings Inter element Spacing 10 Noise threshold levels ASR Mode Automatic display buffer toggle CWR Processor Cypr...

Page 34: ...u 7 Figure 4 Serial Number Format Menu LZ is changed by space bar press 7 ESC U Firmware Upgrade 7 ESC W Start WinKeyer Mode 7 ESC H ESC Help Menu 8 Control Commands 8 CTL C Start Fast Callsign Capture 8 CTL E Send Error Dits 8 CTL D Decrement Key Weighting 8 CTL I Increment Key Weighting 8 CTL L Clear currently displayed text window either Rx or Tx 8 CTL M Match Tx speed to CWR Rx speed 8 CTL N P...

Page 35: ...ractice Mode 15 Figure 8 Echo Practice Display 15 QSO Practice 15 Figure 9 QSO Practice Display 15 Figure 10 QSO Contest Drill Display 16 RTTY Transmit Operation 16 Figure 11 RTTY Operational Display 17 CRLF handling 17 RYRYRY Test 17 RTTY Setup 17 Figure 12 RTTY Setup Menu 1 17 Figure 13 RTTY Setup Menu 2 18 Miscellaneous Information 18 CTL ALT Enter Clear EEPROM and Restart 18 Preserving Setting...

Page 36: ...t Extension 25 Figure 23 First Element Timing 25 3 Farnsw Toggle Farnsworth Sending 25 4 ASR Automatic Send Receive Window Control 25 5 Sidetone Turn Sidetone On Off 26 6 STvolume Set Sidetone Volume 26 7 ST Freq Set Sidetone Frequency 26 8 PDLwatch Paddle Watchdog Control 26 Configuration Menu 4 26 Figure 24 Configuration Menu 4 26 1 STboard Enable Sine Tone Option Board 26 2 Sleep Low Power Slee...

Page 37: ...ng Display 30 Figure 28 CW Level Indicator 30 CWR Adjustments 31 CWR Gain Adjustment 31 CWR Low Pass Filtering 31 CWR Noise Floor Threshold Adjustment 31 CWR Inter letter Spacing Allowance 31 CWR Rx WPM Rate 31 CWR Rx Display 31 Appendix C Firmware Upgrade 32 PSoC Upgrade 32 K45 Specifications 35 CWR Specifications 35 Support and Warranty 35 ...

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