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Measurement Considerations

F-15

Light

Some components, such as semiconductor junctions and MOS capacitors on semiconductor

wafers, are excellent light detectors. Consequently, these components must be tested in a light-
free environment. While many test

fi

xtures provide adequate light protection, others may allow

suf

fi

cient light penetration to affect the test results. Areas to check for light leaks include doors

and door hinges, tubing entry points, and connectors or connector panels.

Electrostatic interference

Electrostatic interference occurs when an electrically charged object is brought near an

uncharged object, thus inducing a charge on the previously uncharged object. Usually, effects
of such electrostatic action are not noticeable because low impedance levels allow the induced
charge to dissipate quickly. However, the high impedance levels of many measurements do not
allow these charges to decay rapidly, and erroneous or unstable readings may result. These
erroneous or unstable readings may be caused in the following ways:

•

DC electrostatic

fi

eld can cause undetected errors or noise in the reading.

•

AC electrostatic

fi

elds can cause errors by driving the input preampli

fi

er into saturation,

or through recti

fi

cation that produces DC errors.

Electrostatic interference is

fi

rst recognizable when hand or body movements near the

experiment cause

fl

uctuations in the reading. Means of minimizing electrostatic interference

include:

1.

Shielding. Possibilities include: a shielded room, a shielded booth, shielding the sensi-
tive circuit, and using shielded cable. The shield should always be connected to a solid
connector that is connected to signal low. If circuit low is

fl

oated above ground, observe

safety precautions, and avoid touching the shield. Meshed screen or loosely braided
cable could be inadequate for high impedances, or in strong

fi

elds. Note, however, that

shielding can increase capacitance in the measuring circuit, possibly slowing down
response time.

2.

Reduction of electrostatic

fi

elds. Moving power lines or other sources away from the

experiment reduces the amount of electrostatic interference seen in the measurement.

Magnetic

fi

elds

A magnetic

fi

eld passing through a loop in a test circuit will generate a magnetic EMF (volt-

age) that is proportional to the strength of the

fi

eld, the loop area, and the rate at which these

factors are changing. Magnetic

fi

elds can be minimized by following these guidelines:

•

Locate the test circuit as far away as possible from such magnetic

fi

eld sources as

motors, transformers and magnets.

•

Avoid moving any part of the test circuit within the magnetic

fi

eld.

•

Minimize the loop area by keeping leads as short as possible and twisting them
together.

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Summary of Contents for 6430

Page 1: ...l 6430Sub Femtoamp Remote SourceMeter Instruction Manual A G R E A T E R M E A S U R E O F C O N F I D E N C E Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 TestEquipmentDepot com ...

Page 2: ...EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS INC NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS INC HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES SUCH EXCLUDED DAM AGES SHALL INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO COSTS OF REMOVAL AND INSTALL...

Page 3: ...Model 6430 Sub Femtoamp Remote SourceMeter Instruction Manual 1999 Keithley Instruments Inc All rights reserved Cleveland Ohio U S A Fourth Printing June 2001 Document Number 6430 901 01 Rev D ...

Page 4: ...ed with the previous Revision of the manual are incorporated into the new Revision of the manual Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this print history page Revision A Document Number 6430 901 01 May 1999 Addendum A Document Number 6430 901 02 June 1999 Revision B Document Number 6430 901 01 September 1999 Addendum B Document Number 6430 901 02 November 1999 Revision C Document Number 643...

Page 5: ...egory I and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient over voltages Installa tion Category II connections require protection for high transient over voltages often associated with lo cal AC mains connections The user should assume all measurement control and data I O connections are for connection to Category I sources unless otherwise marked or desc...

Page 6: ...re 1000 volts or more including the com bined effect of normal and common mode voltages Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages The WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure The CAUTION heading in a manual explains ha...

Page 7: ... 1 12 Power up sequence 1 13 System identification 1 13 Line frequency setting 1 13 Fuse replacement 1 14 Display 1 15 Display format 1 15 EDIT key 1 15 TOGGLE key 1 15 Status and error messages 1 16 Remote display programming 1 16 Front panel tests 1 16 Disabling front panel display 1 16 Default settings 1 17 Saving and restoring user setups 1 17 Power on configuration 1 18 Factory default settin...

Page 8: ...bilities 3 3 Compliance limit 3 4 Setting the compliance limit 3 5 Basic circuit configuration 3 6 Operation considerations 3 6 Warm up 3 6 Auto zero 3 6 NPLC caching 3 7 V source protection 3 8 Source delay 3 9 Basic source measure procedure 3 10 Output control 3 10 Current measurements and capacitive loads 3 11 Front panel source measure procedure 3 12 Remote command source measure procedure 3 1...

Page 9: ... 10 Ohms programming example 4 10 5 Source Measure Concepts Compliance limit 5 2 Types of compliance 5 2 Maximum compliance values 5 3 Compliance examples 5 3 Compliance principles 5 4 Determining compliance limit 5 4 Overheating protection 5 5 Source delay measure cycle 5 6 Sweep waveforms 5 8 Operating boundaries 5 9 Source or sink 5 9 I Source operating boundaries 5 10 V Source operating bounda...

Page 10: ... Relative and Math Relative 7 2 Front panel rel 7 2 Remote rel programming 7 3 Math operations 7 4 Math functions 7 4 Front panel math operations 7 7 Remote math operations 7 8 User defined math functions 7 10 8 Data Store Data store overview 8 2 Front panel data store 8 2 Storing readings 8 2 Recalling readings 8 2 Buffer statistics 8 3 Timestamp format 8 4 Timestamp accuracy 8 4 Buffer considera...

Page 11: ...5 Counters 10 6 Output triggers 10 6 Bench defaults 10 7 Operation summary 10 7 Trigger link 10 8 Input trigger requirements 10 8 Output trigger specifications 10 9 External triggering example 10 9 Configuring triggering 10 13 CONFIGURE TRIGGER menu 10 13 Remote triggering 10 16 Trigger model remote operation 10 16 Idle and initiate 10 16 Event detection 10 18 Arm layer 10 18 Trigger layer 10 19 T...

Page 12: ...uto clear timing 11 14 Configuring and performing limit tests 11 15 Configuring limit tests 11 15 Performing limit tests 11 17 Remote limit testing 11 19 Limit commands 11 19 Limit test programming example 11 20 12 Digital I O Port Interlock and Output Configuration Digital I O port 12 2 Port configuration 12 2 Digital output configuration 12 3 Controlling digital output lines 12 4 Safety interloc...

Page 13: ...e clear 13 8 GET group execute trigger 13 8 SPE SPD serial polling 13 8 Front panel GPIB operation 13 9 Error and status messages 13 9 GPIB status indicators 13 9 LOCAL key 13 10 Programming syntax 13 10 Command words 13 10 Query commands 13 12 Case sensitivity 13 12 Long form and short form versions 13 12 Short form rules 13 13 Program messages 13 13 Response messages 13 15 Message exchange proto...

Page 14: ...erial polling and SRQ 14 9 Status byte and service request commands 14 10 Status register sets 14 11 Register bit descriptions 14 11 Condition registers 14 16 Event registers 14 17 Event enable registers 14 17 Queues 14 19 Output queue 14 19 Error queue 14 19 15 Common Commands Command summary 15 2 Command reference 15 3 IDN identification query 15 3 OPC operation complete 15 3 OPC operation compl...

Page 15: ... 27 Enable and read math expression result 17 30 CALCulate2 17 31 Select input path 17 31 Null feed reading 17 31 Read CALC2 17 32 Configure and control limit tests 17 33 Composite testing 17 37 Clear test results 17 39 CALCulate3 17 40 Select statistic 17 40 Acquire statistic 17 40 DISPlay subsystem 17 41 Control display 17 41 Read display 17 43 Define TEXT messages 17 43 FORMat subsystem 17 44 D...

Page 16: ...re list 17 76 Configure memory sweep 17 77 Set scaling factor 17 79 Sweep and list program examples 17 80 Soak time 17 82 SOURce2 17 82 Setting digital output 17 82 Clearing digital output 17 84 STATus subsystem 17 86 Read event registers 17 86 Program event enable registers 17 86 Read condition registers 17 87 Select default conditions 17 87 Error queue 17 87 SYSTem subsystem 17 89 Default condit...

Page 17: ...erification limits 18 5 Example limits calculation 18 5 Resistance limits calculation 18 6 Limits calculation with test equipment uncertainty 18 6 Performing the verification test procedures 18 6 Restoring factory defaults 18 6 Test summary 18 7 Test considerations 18 7 Setting the source range and output value 18 8 Setting the measurement range 18 8 Compliance considerations 18 8 Compliance limit...

Page 18: ...e humidity 19 2 Warm up period 19 2 Line power 19 2 Calibration considerations 19 3 Calibration cycle 19 3 Recommended calibration equipment 19 4 Unlocking calibration 19 5 Mainframe calibration 19 6 Mainframe calibration menu 19 6 Mainframe calibration procedure 19 6 Remote PreAmp calibration 19 14 Connecting Remote PreAmp to the mainframe 19 14 Remote PreAmp calibration menu 19 14 Remote PreAmp ...

Page 19: ...h C 3 CALCulate 1 DATA C 3 CALCulate2 DATA C 3 TRACe DATA C 4 CALCulate3 DATA C 4 D IEEE 488 Bus Overview Introduction D 2 Bus description D 2 Bus lines D 4 Data lines D 4 Bus management lines D 5 Handshake lines D 5 Bus commands D 6 Uniline commands D 7 Universal multiline commands D 8 Addressed multiline commands D 8 Address commands D 9 Unaddress commands D 9 Common commands D 9 SCPI commands D...

Page 20: ...11 High resistance measurements F 13 Ohms measurement methods F 13 Characteristics of high valued resistors F 13 General measurement considerations F 14 Ground loops F 14 Light F 15 Electrostatic interference F 15 Magnetic fields F 15 Electromagnetic Interference EMI F 16 G GPIB 488 1 Protocol Introduction G 2 Selecting the 488 1 protocol G 2 Protocol differences G 3 Message exchange protocol MEP ...

Page 21: ...igure 3 1 Fundamental source measure configuration 3 6 4 Ohms Measurements Figure 4 1 Ohms configuration 4 2 Figure 4 2 menu tree 4 2 5 Source Measure Concepts Figure 5 1 Source delay measure SDM cycle 5 6 Figure 5 2 Simplified trigger model 5 7 Figure 5 3 Three basic sweep waveform types 5 8 Figure 5 4 Operating boundaries 5 10 Figure 5 5 I Source boundaries 5 11 Figure 5 6 I Source operating bou...

Page 22: ...e I V curve and test points not to scale 9 9 Figure 9 7 Sweep configuration menu tree 9 12 Figure 9 8 Connections for diode I V tests 9 19 Figure 9 9 Diode I V curve 9 19 10 Triggering Figure 10 1 Trigger model front panel operation 10 3 Figure 10 2 Rear panel pinout 10 8 Figure 10 3 Trigger link input pulse specifications 10 8 Figure 10 4 Trigger link output pulse specifications 10 9 Figure 10 5 ...

Page 23: ...ration menu tree 12 7 13 Remote Operations Figure 13 1 IEEE 488 connector 13 4 Figure 13 2 IEEE 488 connections 13 5 Figure 13 3 IEEE 488 connector location 13 5 Figure 13 4 RS 232 interface connector 13 18 14 Status Structure Figure 14 1 SourceMeter status register structure 14 3 Figure 14 2 16 bit status register 14 5 Figure 14 3 Status byte and service request SRQ 14 7 Figure 14 4 Standard even...

Page 24: ...ions for Remote PreAmp 2GΩ 200GΩ range verification 18 29 Figure 18 10 Connections for Remote PreAmp 2TΩ and 20TΩ range verification 18 30 19 Calibration Figure 19 1 Mainframe voltage calibration test connections 19 7 Figure 19 2 Mainframe current calibration connections 19 10 Figure 19 3 Voltage burden calibration connections 19 16 Figure 19 4 1µA and 10µA range gain calibration connections 19 17...

Page 25: ...urements F 2 Figure F 2 Guarding an ionization chamber F 4 Figure F 3 Voltage burden F 9 Figure F 4 Overload protection for ammeter input F 10 Figure F 5 Meter loading F 11 Figure F 6 Effects of input capacitance F 12 Figure F 7 Settling time F 12 Figure F 8 Power line ground loops F 14 Figure F 9 Eliminating ground loops F 14 G GPIB 488 1 Protocol Figure G 1 IEEE 488 handshake sequence G 4 ...

Page 26: ......

Page 27: ...ween mainframe and Remote PreAmp 2 3 3 Basic Source Measure Operation Table 3 1 Compliance limits 3 4 Table 3 2 Compliance commands 3 5 Table 3 3 Typical NPLC cache test times 3 8 Table 3 4 Auto source delay 3 9 Table 3 5 Maximum capacitive loads 3 11 Table 3 6 Basic source measure commands 3 15 Table 3 7 Basic source measure command sequence 3 16 Table 3 8 Measure only programming example 3 18 Ta...

Page 28: ...or user defined math functions 7 10 Table 7 6 User defined math function programming example 7 11 8 Data Store Table 8 1 Data store commands 8 6 Table 8 2 Data store example 8 7 9 Sweep Operation Table 9 1 Logarithmic sweep points 9 4 Table 9 2 Source memory saved configurations 9 7 Table 9 3 Linear and log staircase sweep commands 9 18 Table 9 4 Staircase sweep programming example diode test 9 20...

Page 29: ...ter commands 14 17 Table 14 7 Program and read register programming example 14 18 Table 14 8 Event enable registers commands 14 18 Table 14 9 Error queue commands 14 20 15 Common Commands Table 15 1 IEEE 488 2 common commands and queries 15 2 Table 15 2 OPC programming example 15 4 Table 15 3 SAV RCL programming example 15 5 Table 15 4 TRG programming example 15 6 16 SCPI Signal Oriented Measureme...

Page 30: ...PreAmp 1pA 100nA range output current accuracy limits 18 23 Table 18 12 Remote PreAmp 1µA 100mA range measurement accuracy limits 18 24 Table 18 13 Remote PreAmp 1pA 100nA range measurement accuracy limits 18 25 Table 18 14 Remote PreAmp 20Ω 200MΩ range measurement accuracy limits 18 28 Table 18 15 Remote PreAmp 2GΩ 200GΩ range measurement accuracy limits 18 30 Table 18 16 Remote PreAmp 2TΩ and 20...

Page 31: ...F 5 G GPIB 488 1 Protocol Table G 1 SCPI 488 1 reading speed comparisons for measure only sweep operation rdgs sec G 6 Table G 2 SCPI 488 1 reading speed comparisons for source measure sweep operation rdgs sec G 6 Table G 3 SCPI 488 1 reading speed comparisons for source memory sweep operation rdgs sec G 7 Table G 4 SCPI 488 1 reading speed comparisons for measure only Table G 5 single shot operat...

Page 32: ......

Page 33: ...mp Remote SourceMeter Mainframe and Remote PreAmp Familiarization Summarizes the controls and connectors on the mainframe and Remote PreAmp Power up Covers line power connection line voltage settings fuse replacement and the power up sequence Display Provides information about the Model 6430 display Default Settings Covers factory default setups and saving and recalling user setups Menus Covers th...

Page 34: ... improvements or changes concerning the instrument or manual will be explained in an addendum included with the manual Be sure to note these changes and incorporate them into the manual Safety symbols and terms The following symbols and terms may be found on the instrument or used in this manual The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located ...

Page 35: ...nd LabVIEW for Windows driver Manual addenda containing any improvements or changes to the instrument or manual If an additional manual is required order the appropriate manual package for example 6430 901 00 The manual packages include a manual and any pertinent addenda Options and accessories The following options and accessories are available from Keithley for use with the Model 6430 Triax cabl...

Page 36: ... leads and probes are rated at 30V RMS 42 4V peak Models 5805 and 5805 12 Kelvin probes Consists of two spring loaded Kelvin test probes with banana plug termination Designed for instruments that measure four terminal resistance The Model 5805 is 0 9m long the Model 5805 12 is 3 6m long Model 5806 Kelvin clip lead set Includes two Kelvin clip test leads 0 9m with banana plug termination Designed f...

Page 37: ...is 1m long Rack mount kits Model 4288 1 single fixed rack mount kit Mounts a single SourceMeter in a standard 19 inch rack Model 4288 2 side by side rack mount kit Mounts two instruments Models 182 428 486 487 2000 2001 2002 2010 2015 2400 2410 2420 2430 6430 6517 7001 side by side in a standard 19 inch rack Model 4288 3 side by side rack mount kit Mounts a SourceMeter and a Model 199 side by side...

Page 38: ...small Remote PreAmp Concurrent measurements of all three functions over the remote interface Source measure sweep capabilities linear and logarithmic staircase sweeps source sweep list of up to 1000 points memory sweep of up to 100 instrument setups 6 wire ohms measurement with programmable I source or V source with V or I clamp 2 2W 4 quadrant source and sink operation Up to 11 stages of limit te...

Page 39: ...ors Mainframe front panel summary The front panel of the Model 6430 is shown in Figure 1 1 Measurement MEAS function keys V Measure volts I Measure amps Ω Measure ohms FCTN Perform math functions SOURCE function keys V Source voltage V Source I Source current I Source Increase source or compliance value Decrease source or compliance value 6430 SUB FEMTOAMP REMOTE SourceMeter OUTPUT EDIT TOGGLE POW...

Page 40: ...ENU Access and configure Main Menu selections When entering numeric data use to clear reading to minimum absolute value EXIT Cancels selection Use to back out of menu structures ENTER Accepts selection RANGE keys Moves to next higher range increments digit moves to next selection Moves to next lower range decrements digit moves to previous selection AUTO Enables or disables measurement auto range ...

Page 41: ...gure 1 2 Low voltage differentials The maximum low voltage differentials are 5V peak How ever to achieve rated accuracy do not exceed 1V peak on the 100µA through 100mA ranges For the lower current ranges 1pA through 10µA do not exceed the maximum allowable resis tance The maximum resistance for each of these current ranges are provided in Section 2 see Connections to DUT 4 wire sensing specificat...

Page 42: ... TRIGGER LINK 8 pin micro DIN connector for sending and receiving trigger pulses Use a trigger link cable or adapter such as Models 8501 1 8501 2 8502 8504 RS 232 connector RS 232 Connector for RS 232 remote operation Use a straight through not null modem DB 9 cable such as Keithley Model 7009 5 GPIB connector IEEE 488 INTERFACE Connector for GPIB remote operation Use a shielded cable Model 7007 1...

Page 43: ...ven cable guard for guarded measurements LO Outer shell Input Output LO NOTE Cable guard is always available on the Guard terminals of IN OUT HIGH and SENSE regardless of the guard mode setting Ohms guard can only be accessed at the V Ω GUARD banana jack on the mainframe The diagram on the Remote PreAmp Figure 1 3 shows the maximum allowable voltage differentials between the various terminals Exce...

Page 44: ...f the person installing the product Line power connection The SourceMeter operates from a line voltage in the range of 85 to 250V at a frequency of 50 or 60Hz The SourceMeter will also operate at 400Hz accuracy specifications are not guar anteed however Line voltage and line frequency are automatically sensed Therefore there are no switches to set Check to be sure the operating voltage in your are...

Page 45: ...s 24 factory default the IEEE Addr 24 message is displayed If the RS 232 interface is selected the RS 232 mes sage is displayed After the power up sequence the instrument goes to its normal display state with the output off red OUTPUT indicator light off With the output off the OFF message is displayed and dashes replace the reading The OFF message indicates that the NORMAL output off state is sel...

Page 46: ...e is located in a drawer above the AC receptacle See Figure 1 2 At the bottom of the fuse drawer is a small tab At this location use a small bladed screwdriver to pry the fuse drawer open 2 Slide the fuse drawer out to gain access to the fuse Note that the fuse drawer does not pull all the way out of the power module CAUTION For continued protection against fire or instrument damage replace the fu...

Page 47: ... annunciator on The editing cursor flashing digit appears for the source or compliance reading If a value is not edited within six seconds the edit mode is cancelled While in the edit mode the EDIT key toggles between the source value and compliance value See Section 3 for details on setting source and compliance values TOGGLE key The TOGGLE key manipulates readings on the top display and on the b...

Page 48: ...est DISPLAY PATTERNS Use this selection to turn on all display pixels and annuncia tors Subsequent key presses cycle through tests that turn off annunciators and corner pixels of each digit turn on the rows of the top left display digit and turn on all annun ciators and pixels of each digit in a sequential manner Press EXIT to cancel this test CHAR SET This test displays special characters Press E...

Page 49: ...r is enabled The display will automatically re enable after the storage process is completed Note that with this option the display will disable while performing a sweep Sweep readings are automatically stored in the buffer Remote command programming Use the following SCPI commands to enable or disable the front panel display circuitry DISPlay ENABLe OFF Disable the display DISPlay ENABLe ON Enabl...

Page 50: ...L then press ENTER 3 From the GLOBAL SETUP MENU select POWERON then press ENTER 4 From the SET POWER ON DEFAULT menu choose the power on configuration BENCH or GPIB see below or USER SETUP NUMBER 5 If you chose to use a user setup as the power on configuration select the user setup number then press ENTER Factory default settings As summarized in Table 1 3 there are two sets of factory defaults BE...

Page 51: ...trol Immediate Immediate Auto clear Disabled Disabled Delay 0 00001 sec 0 00001 sec Clear pattern 15 or 7 15 or 7 H W limits Control Disabled Disabled Fail mode In compliance In compliance Cmpl pattern 15 or 7 15 or 7 S W limits Lim 2 3 5 12 Control Disabled Disabled Low limit 1 0 1 0 Low pattern 15 or 7 15 or 7 High limit 1 0 1 0 High pattern 15 or 7 15 or 7 Pass all tests Pass pattern 15 or 7 15...

Page 52: ...Value 0 0 0 0 RS 232 No effect No effect Source delay 3ms 3ms Auto delay Disabled Disabled Speed Hi accuracy 10 PLC Hi accuracy 10 PLC Sweep Linear staircase Linear staircase Start 0V or 0A 0V or 0A Stop 0V or 0A 0V or 0A Step 0V or 0A 0V or 0A Sweep count 1 1 Sweep Pts 2500 2500 Source ranging Best fixed Best fixed Voltage protection NONE NONE Triggered source Control Disabled Disabled Scale fact...

Page 53: ...GPIB RS 232 BAUD BITS PARITY TERMINATOR FLOW CTRL Configure setup conditions Control instrument settings Save present SourceMeter setup to memory location Return the SourceMeter to setup saved in memory Select the power on default setup Powers on to BENCH defaults Powers on to GPIB defaults Powers on to user setup Returns unit to BENCH or GPIB defaults Control memory sweep source setup configurati...

Page 54: ...ing Enable NPLC caching Update all NPLC values in cache immediately Clear NPLC cache of all NPLC values Select general operations Set Digital I O port bit pattern Display serial number firmware revision SCPI version Reset timestamp Select engineering units or scientific notation display format Enable or disable beeper 50 or 60Hz or AUTO 0 15 YES or NO ENGR SCIENTIFIC NOTES 1 Top level menu choices...

Page 55: ...R RESET SOURCE MEMORY SAVE RESTORE COMMUNICATION GPIB RS 232 BITS PARITY TERMINATOR FLOW CTRL CAL UNLOCK EXECUTE VIEW DATES SAVE LOCK CHANGE PASSWORD TEST DISPLAY TESTS BAUD KEYS DISPLAY PATTERNS CHAR SET A D CTRL AUTO ZERO LINE FREQ GENERAL DIGOUT SERIAL TIMESTAMP NUMBERS BEEPER NPLC CACHE Without PreAmp connected Figure 1 5 Main menu tree ...

Page 56: ...that when the next higher or lower source range is selected the reading increases or decreases by a decade A parameter value is keyed in by placing the cursor on the digit to be changed and using one of the following methods NOTE You can clear a parameter value by pressing the MENU key Use the SOURCE or or RANGE or keys to increment or decrement the digit Use the number keys 0 through 9 to key in ...

Page 57: ...the EDIT key until the blinking cursor is in either the source or compliance dis play field to be edited 2 If desired use the RANGE and keys to select the desired source or compliance range 3 To simply increment or decrement the display value use the EDIT and keys to place the blinking cursor on the digit to be changed then increment or decrement the value with the SOURCE and keys Note that the so...

Page 58: ...FIG then SOURCE V Configuration menus which are summa rized in Table 1 5 through Table 1 10 are available for the following operating modes Measure functions Ω FCTN Table 1 5 SOURCE V SOURCE I and RANGE Table 1 6 REL FILTER and LIMIT Table 1 7 TRIG Table 1 8 SWEEP DIGITS SPEED and STORE Table 1 9 ON OFF OUTPUT and Display EDIT or TOGGLE Table 1 10 These various configuration menus are covered in d...

Page 59: ...rd OHMS CABLE SRC RDBK Enable disable source readback DISABLE ENABLE OFFSET COMPENSATION Enable disable offset compensation DISABLE ENABLE CONFIG FCTN Configure functions CONFIGURE FUNCTION POWER Enable power function OFF COMP OHMS Enable offset compensated ohms program parameters VOLT COEFF Enable voltage coefficient program parameters VAR ALPHA Enable varistor alpha program parameters DEV Enable...

Page 60: ...e DISABLE ENABLE SCALE FACTOR Program scale factor CONFIG SOURCE I Configure I source CONFIGURE I SOURCE GUARD Select ohms or cable guarding OHMS CABLE DELAY Program delay between source and measure AUTO DELAY Enable disable auto delay DISABLE ENABLE TRIG Control triggered source CONTROL Enable disable triggered source DISABLE ENABLE SCALE FACTOR Program scale factor CONFIG RANGE Program upper ran...

Page 61: ...rol and set fail mode for Limit 1 compliance test CONTROL Control Limit 1 test DISABLE Disable Limit 1 test ENABLE Enable Limit 1 test FAIL MODE Select Limit 1 fail mode IN Fail when in compliance program bit pattern OUT Fail when out of compliance program bit pattern S W LIMITS Control LIM2 3 5 12 tests limits and bit patterns CONTROL Enable disable limit tests DISABLE Disable test ENABLE Enable ...

Page 62: ...t detection STEST When Digital I O SOT line is pulsed high or low ONCE Bypass event detection once NEVER Never bypass event detection ARM OUT Configure arm layer output trigger LINE Select trigger link output line 1 4 EVENTS Enable disable events TRIG LAYER EXIT Enable ON or disable OFF on exiting trigger layer TL ENTER Enable ON or disable OFF on entering trigger layer COUNT Specify arm count FIN...

Page 63: ...s START Set first point value POINTS Set number of points SWEEP COUNT Set sweep count FINITE Program sweep count value INFINITE Never ending sweep SOURCE RANGING Set sweep ranging mode BEST FIXED Best fixed range based on maximum value AUTO RANGE Auto range during sweep FIXED Set fixed source range CONFIG DIGITS Set display number of digits DISPLAY DIGITS Select 3 5 4 5 5 5 or 6 5 CONFIG SPEED Set...

Page 64: ...o off state GUARD Guard mode off state AUTO OFF Enable disable auto off mode DISABLE Keep output on ENABLE Turn output off after each measurement INTERLOCK Enable disable interlock DISABLE Disable interlock ENABLE Enable interlock CONFIG EDIT or TOGGLE Enable disable display DISABLE DISPLAY NOW Disable display immediately NEVER Never disable display SWEEP Turn display off during sweep STORE Turn d...

Page 65: ...t connectors and discusses using a test fixture interlock Connections to DUT Covers various methods for making connections to the DUT including 4 wire remote sensing 2 wire local sensing cable and ohms guard as well as guard selection Guarding Methods Discusses different guarding methods including cable guard ohms guard and guard selection ...

Page 66: ...ck that could cause injury or death NEVER make or break connections to the SourceMeter while it is on or is connected to an external source Connecting Remote PreAmp to the mainframe WARNING Potentially hazardous source voltage is routed from the mainframe to the Remote PreAmp via the preamp cable Adhere to the following safety pre cautions to prevent electric shock The SourceMeter must be turned o...

Page 67: ...panel of the mainframe using cables terminated with banana plugs These terminals are summarized in Section 1 Figure 1 2 When using the Remote PreAmp not all source mea sure terminals are available at the preamp and must be accessed at the mainframe Table 2 1 lists each mainframe terminal and the equivalent Remote PreAmp terminal NOTE Whenever the Remote PreAmp is connected to the mainframe adhere ...

Page 68: ...ce measure operations a voltage potential will be present on the shells of the triax connectors Even with the output of the SourceMeter off voltage could be applied from the external test circuit As a general rule do not touch the triax cables while any power is present WARNING To prevent injury from electric shock DO NOT touch the triax cables of the Remote PreAmp while the SourceMeter is turned ...

Page 69: ...warranty CAUTION Do not connect any external sources between Input Output LO and chassis ground Current exceeding 10 5mA will damage the zener clamp Figure 2 1C Such damage is not covered by the warranty Test fixture interlock A test fixture interlock switch can be used with the SourceMeter to help protect the DUT The SourceMeter output will turn off when the lid of the test fixture is opened Howe...

Page 70: ...ill result in errors and or noise and possible damage to the Remote Amplifier Sensing methods Basic source measure operations are performed using either 2 wire sense connections Figure 2 2 or 4 wire sense connections Figure 2 3 See Section 4 Ohms sensing for additional information Noise Shield Triax Cable Test Fixture HI LO Connect to earth safety ground using 18 AWG wire or larger DUT WARNING Gua...

Page 71: ... ground as shown in Figures 2 2 and 2 3 and do not touch the triax cable s WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WIT...

Page 72: ...e accuracy Thus if sourcing current and measuring current you can use local sensing NOTE For Measure Only V or I operation 2 wire sensing must be used 4 wire sensing Voltage source and measure accuracy are optimized by using 4 wire sense connections When sourcing voltage 4 wire sensing ensures that the programmed voltage is delivered to the DUT When measuring voltage only the voltage drop across t...

Page 73: ...ces The test fixture reduces noise and protects the user from a potentially hazardous voltage on the guard shield or plate See Section 5 Guard for details on using guard Note that the test fixture chassis is connected to In Out LO to reduce noise Current range Maximum allowable resistance per source lead 10µA 1µA 100nA 10nA 1nA 100pA 10pA 1pA 10Ω 50Ω 500Ω 5kΩ 50kΩ 1MΩ 50MΩ 1GΩ Guard Shield Triax C...

Page 74: ... QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING MADE IN U S A INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE RATING 100 240VAC 50 60 HZ 100VA MAX RS232 IEEE 488 ENTER IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU 250V PEAK 5V P...

Page 75: ...N FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING MADE IN U S A INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE RATING 100 240VAC 50 60 HZ 100VA MAX RS232 IEEE 488 ENTER IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU 250V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PK V Ω GUARD GUAR...

Page 76: ...YPE AND RATING MADE IN U S A INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE RATING 100 240VAC 50 60 HZ 100VA MAX RS232 IEEE 488 ENTER IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU 250V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PK V Ω GUARD GUARD SENSE LINE FUSE SLOWBLOW 2 5A 250V INTERLOCK DIGITAL I O REMOTE PreAmp Triax Cable HI DUT WARNING Guard is at the same voltage level as input output high Therefo...

Page 77: ... and then the SOURCE V SOURCE I or Ω Changing guard in one con figuration menu changes it in all of the others 2 Using the and keys place the cursor flashing menu item on GUARD and press ENTER NOTE Cursor position indicates the present guard selection OHMS or CABLE To retain the present selection use the EXIT key to back out of the menu structure and skip the next two steps 3 To change the guard s...

Page 78: ...2 14 Connections ...

Page 79: ...e protection and source delay Basic Source Measure Procedure Describes the basic procedure for setting up the SourceMeter for source measure operations including selecting the source function output values and compliance limits choosing measurement range and function and turning the output on and off Measure Only Covers how to use the SourceMeter for measurements only Sink Operation Describes sink...

Page 80: ... any devices adjacent to the SourceMeter that force air heated or unheated into or onto its surfaces or cooling vents This additional airflow could compromise accuracy performance When rack mounting the SourceMeter make sure there is adequate airflow around the bottom and sides to ensure proper cooling Adequate airflow enables air tempera tures within approximately one inch of the SourceMeter surf...

Page 81: ...erefore without the Remote PreAmp the I Source can output current from 50pA to 105mA and measure current from 10pA to 105 5mA Resistance With the Remote PreAmp the SourceMeter can make resistance measure ments from 100µΩ to 20TΩ When using the auto ohms measurement method the following ohms ranges are available 20Ω 200Ω 2kΩ 20kΩ 200kΩ 2MΩ 20MΩ 200MΩ 2GΩ 20GΩ 200GΩ 2TΩ and 20TΩ When using the manua...

Page 82: ...When sourcing voltage the SourceMeter can be set to limit current from 1fA to 105mA Conversely when sourcing current the SourceMeter can be set to limit voltage from 200µV to 210V The SourceMeter output will not exceed the compliance limit Table 3 1 summarizes compliance limits according to range See Section 5 for more details on compliance limits Table 3 1 Compliance limits Measurement range Maxi...

Page 83: ... compliance value 5 To change the compliance value directly simply enter the value using the numeric keys while the cursor is flashing in the compliance display field Remote compliance limit Table 3 2 summarizes basic commands to program the compliance limit See Section 17 Set compliance limit for more details on these commands To program the compliance simply send the command using the desired pa...

Page 84: ...ragraphs discuss warm up period auto zero V source protection and source delay Warm up The SourceMeter must be turned on and allowed to warm up for at least one hour to achieve rated accuracies See Appendix A for specifications Auto zero Every A D conversion reading is calculated from a series of zero reference and signal measurements With auto zero enabled all three of these measurements are perf...

Page 85: ...enabled using the NPLC CACHE ENABLE menu selection the A D reference and zero values will be saved for up to the 10 most recent voltage current and resis tance measurement function settings Whenever the integration rate is changed via the SPEED key a recalled user setup using the SAVESETUP RESTORE menu selection or during a source memory recall either with the SOURCE MEMORY RESTORE menu or during ...

Page 86: ... successive memory locations set to 10 1 0 1 and 0 01 respectively V source protection Use V source protection to select the maximum voltage level the SourceMeter can output Available limit values include 20V 40V 60V 80V 100V 120V 160V and NONE allows volt age 160V These are absolute values with 5 tolerance The power on default is NONE WARNING Even with the voltage protection limit set to the lowe...

Page 87: ...ection 17 for details For example the following command sets the pro tection value to 20V SOUR VOLT PROT 20 Source delay The source delay options are used to set the settling time for the source This source delay is the delay phase of the Source delay measure cycle See Section 5 The auto delay period is cur rent range dependent Table 3 4 Manual delay can be set from 0000 00000 to 9999 99800 second...

Page 88: ...DELay or SOURce DELay AUTO commands to program the source delay via remote See Section 17 for details For example the following command sets the source delay to 500ms SOUR DEL 0 5 Similarly send the following command to enable auto delay SOUR DEL AUTO ON Basic source measure procedure Output control Use the ON OFF OUTPUT key to turn the SourceMeter output on or off for basic source measure situati...

Page 89: ...t capacitance in which ringing created by a voltage step will decay in less than one power line cycle For the lower current ranges 100pA and lower the listed values represent the largest capacitance that causes ringing that will settle in a reasonable amount of time Current measurements can be performed for higher capacitive loads as long as the increased ringing can be tolerated Ringing can be re...

Page 90: ...e 20V measurement range compliance will occur at 2V See Section 5 Compliance limit for details on real and range compliance NOTE The SourceMeter must be in the edit mode EDIT annunciator ON to set source and compliance values The edit mode is selected by pressing the EDIT key The flashing digit for the source or compliance reading indicates that the SourceMeter is in the edit mode If no editing op...

Page 91: ...u can use the EDIT cursor keys to place the cur sor on a digit to be changed and press the appropriate number key The cursor does not have to be on the polarity sign of the value to change polarity If the MENU key is pressed the Source Value will be clear to 0V or 0A 4 To edit the other field press EDIT to select it and repeat steps 1 and 2 5 When finished editing the source and compliance values ...

Page 92: ...ndicate the output is on Step 5 Observe readings on the display The SourceMeter is in compliance if the Cmpl label or the units label i e mA for the displayed compliance setting is flashing If the Cmpl label is flashing real compliance has occurred The output is clamped at the displayed compliance value If the units label is flashing range compliance has occurred The output is clamped at the maxim...

Page 93: ...Xed SOURce CURRent RANGe n SOURce VOLTage RANGe n SOURce CURRent LEVel n SOURce VOLTage LEVel n SENSe FUNCtion function SENSe CURRent PROTection n SENSe VOLTage PROTection n SENSe CURRent RANGe n SENSe VOLTage RANGe n OUTPut state READ Select source function function VOLTage or CUR Rent Select fixed sourcing mode for I source Select fixed sourcing mode for V source Select I source range n range Se...

Page 94: ...ments 1 2 3 4 5 6 Select source function mode Set source range level compliance Set measure function range Turn on output Read data Turn off output RST SOUR FUNC VOLT SOUR VOLT MODE FIXED SOUR VOLT RANG 20 SOUR VOLT LEV 10 SENS CURR PROT 10E 3 SENS FUNC CURR SENS CURR RANG 10E 3 OUTP ON READ OUTP OFF Restore GPIB defaults Select voltage source Fixed voltage source mode Select 20V source range Sour...

Page 95: ...en using the SourceMeter as a voltmeter V Compliance must be set higher than the voltage that is being measured Failure to do this could result in instrument damage due to excessive current that will flow into the SourceMeter 3 Select range Use the RANGE and keys to select a fixed measurement range that will accom modate the expected reading Use the lowest possible range for best accuracy When mea...

Page 96: ...lts 1 Select measure source functions SOUR FUNC CURR Current source function SOUR CURR MODE FIXED Fixed current source mode SENS FUNC VOLT Volts measure function 2 Set source and compliance SOUR CURR RANG MIN Lowest source range SOUR CURR LEV 0 0µA source level SENS VOLT PROT 25 25V compliance 3 Select volts measure range SENS VOLT RANG 20 20V range 5 Turn on output OUTP ON Output on before measur...

Page 97: ...l Failure to do so could dam age the instrument due to excessive current that will flow into the SourceMeter NOTE The sink operating limits are shown in Section 5 Operating boundaries Sink programming example Table 3 9 lists a command sequence to program the SourceMeter for sink operation These commands set up the unit as follows Source function volts Measure function current Source voltage 0V Mea...

Page 98: ...3 20 Basic Source Measure Operation ...

Page 99: ...compensated ohms which can be used to overcome the effects of offsets when making low resistance measurements Ohms Source Readback Covers enabling and disabling ohms source readback 6 wire Ohms Measurements Describes the basic procedure for setting up the SourceMeter for 6 wire ohms measurement which can be used for measuring resistor networks and hybrid circuits Remote Ohms Programming Summarizes...

Page 100: ...re 4 1 Menu items include SOURCE Select AUTO or MANUAL source mode GUARD Choose OHMS or CABLE guard SRC RDBK Enable or disable source readback mode OFFSET COMPENSATION Enable or disable offset compensated ohms The following paragraphs discuss each of these aspects in detail CONFIG Ω SOURCE MANUAL AUTO GUARD CABLE OHMS OFFSET COMPENSATION DISABLE ENABLE SRC RDBK DISABLE ENABLE Figure 4 1 Ohms confi...

Page 101: ...e unit will automatically compute the resistance reading using the V I mea surement method After configuring the desired source and selecting a voltage or current measuring range select the Ω measurement method to display the calculated V I ohms reading NOTE To achieve optimum accuracy the SourceMeter measures both V and I and uses these values in ohms calculations with source readback enabled The...

Page 102: ...e menu structure Auto ohms measurements Perform the following steps to perform auto ohms measurements NOTE The following procedure assumes that the SourceMeter is already connected to the DUT as explained in Section 2 WARNING To prevent electric shock do not make or break connections to the SourceMeter with the output on If on press the ON OFF OUTPUT key to turn the output off 1 Select ohms measur...

Page 103: ...ourceMeter is already connected to the DUT as explained in Section 2 WARNING To prevent electric shock do not make or break connections to the Source Meter with the output on If on press the ON OFF OUTPUT key to turn the output off 1 Select ohms measurement function Press MEAS Ω to select the ohms measurement function 2 Select manual ohms measurement method Press CONFIG then Ω Select SOURCE then p...

Page 104: ... clamped at the displayed compliance value If the units label is flashing range compliance has occurred The output is clamped at the maxi mum compliance value for the present fixed measurement range For example if pres ently on the 2V measurement range a flashing units label for the voltage compliance reading indicates that the output is clamped at 2 1V The SourceMeter can be taken out of complian...

Page 105: ...ement NOTE Manual offset compensated ohms is also available as a math FCTN operation This math function allows you to specify both source values For details see Section 7 Offset compensated Ω Measuring high resistance devices When using offset compensated ohms to measure high resistance values an appropriate source delay must be used to provide settled readings There is a rise time associated with...

Page 106: ...LAY See Section 3 Source delay for details 3 Enable offset compensation as previously explained in Enabling disabling offset compensated ohms NOTE If using the auto ohms measurement method go to step 5 4 For manual ohms measurements configure the desired source V or I to output the appropriate source level Set compliance and select a measurement range or useAUTO range See steps 1 2 and 3 of Sectio...

Page 107: ...stor networks and hybrid devices in cases where internal resistance connec tion nodes are not accessible The combination of 4 wire Kelvin connections and guarded ohms features eliminates the effects of internal parallel resistances that could degrade measurement accuracy and reduce measurement speed The basic procedure for setting up the SourceMeter for 6 wire ohms measurements is covered below NO...

Page 108: ...off Table 4 2 Remote commands for basic ohms measurements Command Description SENSe FUNCtion RESistance SENSe RESistance RANGe n SENSe RESistance MODE name SENSe RESistance OCOMpensated state OUTPut state READ Select ohms function Select ohms range n range Select ohms mode name MANual or AUTO Enable disable offset compensation state ON or OFF Turn output on or off state ON or OFF Trigger and acqui...

Page 109: ...us phases of the source delay measure cycle as well as sweep waveforms Operating Boundaries Covers voltage and current operating boundaries for source and sink operation I source and V source and source measure modes Basic Circuit Configurations Covers basic circuit configurations for source I source V and measure only operating modes Guard Covers cable guard ohms guard and guard sense Data Flow D...

Page 110: ...e This clamping action effectively limits the power that can be delivered to the device When the SourceMeter is acting as a current source the voltage is clamped at the compliance value con versely the current is clamped at the compliance value when the SourceMeter is acting as a voltage source Note that range compliance cannot occur if the AUTO measurement range is selected Thus to avoid range co...

Page 111: ...ey are flashing Measurement Range 100mA Compliance Setting Cmpl 075 000 mA Flashing Cmpl indicates that real compliance has occurred The output is clamped at 75mA Measurement Range 10mA Compliance Setting Cmpl 075 000 mA Flashing mA indicates that range compliance has occurred The output is clamped at 10 5mA Table 5 1 Maximum compliance values Measurement range Maximum compliance value 200mV 2V 20...

Page 112: ...iance is in effect are summarized as follows Compliance Setting Measurement Range Real Compliance Measurement Range Compliance Setting Range Compliance The compliance that is in effect can be determined by comparing the displayed compliance setting to the present measurement range Make sure the correct measurement function is dis played If sourcing voltage select the current measurement function C...

Page 113: ...protection Proper ventilation is required to keep the SourceMeter from overheating See the CAUTION located at the beginning of Section 3 for details on maintaining proper ventilation The SourceMeter has an over temperature protection circuit that will turn the output off in the event that the instrument overheats If the output trips due to overheating a message indi cating this condition will be d...

Page 114: ... output stays on trigger latency will not be included in subsequent SDM cycles Trigger latency only occurs when the output makes the transition from off to on See the specifications in Appendix A for definitions of trigger latency as well as other trigger specifications The delay phase of the SDM cycle allows the source to settle before the measurement is per formed The delay period depends on how...

Page 115: ... calculated or determined by trial and error For purely resistive loads and at higher current levels the programmable delay can be set to 0msec The measure time depends on the selected measurement speed For example if speed is set at 0 01 PLC power line cycles the measure time would be 167µsec for 60Hz operation 0 01 60 Arm Layer Trigger Layer Event Event idle Trig Trig S D M Source Delay Measure ...

Page 116: ...the source level at each point For a source memory sweep up to 100 setup configu rations can be saved in memory When the sweep is performed the setup at each memory point is recalled See Section 9 for more details on sweep operation An SDM cycle is performed on each step or point of the sweep Thus one measurement will be performed at each step level The time spent at each step level depends on how...

Page 117: ...ll automatically be stored in the buffer This data can be accessed from the front panel or sent to a computer remote operation for evaluation plotting Statistical information on readings stored in the buffer are also available from the front panel Operating boundaries Source or sink Depending on how it is programmed and what is connected to the output load or source the SourceMeter can operate in ...

Page 118: ...te that when sourcing more than10 5mA voltage is limited to 21V Figure 5 5B shows the limit lines for the I Source The current source limit line represents the maximum source value possible for the presently selected current source range For exam ple if on the 100mA current source range the current source limit line is at 105mA The volt age compliance limit line represents the actual compliance th...

Page 119: ...e Measure Concepts 5 11 Voltage Compliance Limit Line Current Source Limit Line I Source V Measure Source I Limit V 210V 21V 10 5mA 105mA A Output Characteristics B Limit Lines Figure 5 5 I Source boundaries ...

Page 120: ...istance of the load is increased to 200Ω The DUT load line for 200Ω intersects the voltage compliance limit line placing the SourceMeter in com pliance In compliance the SourceMeter will not be able to source its programmed current 100mA For the 200Ω DUT the SourceMeter will only output 50mA at the 10V limit Notice that as resistance increases the slope of the DUT load line increases As resistance...

Page 121: ...ce IS V Meter VM V Meter VM 5V 10V 100mA 50Ω DUT Load Line R A Normal I source operation Voltage Limit Load Line Operating Point Current Source Load Line 10V 100mA B I source in compliance 50mA 2 0 0 Ω D U T L o a d L i n e R V Meter IS R 100mA 50Ω 5V IS VM R 10V 200Ω 50mA Figure 5 6 I Sourceoperating boundaries ...

Page 122: ...hows the limit lines for the V Source The voltage source limit line represents the maximum source value possible for the presently selected voltage source range For exam ple if on the 20V source range the voltage source limit line is at 21V The current compliance limit line represents the actual compliance in effect Remember that compliance can be real or range See Compliance limit These limit lin...

Page 123: ...e Measure Concepts 5 15 Current Compliance Limit Line Voltage Source Limit Line V Source I Measure Source V Limit I 105mA 10 5mA 21V 210V A Output characteristics B Limit lines Figure 5 7 V Source boundaries ...

Page 124: ...stance of the load is decreased to 800Ω The DUT load line for 800kΩ intersects the current compliance limit line placing the SourceMeter in compliance In compliance the SourceMeter will not be able to source its programmed volt age 10V For the 800kΩ DUT the SourceMeter will only output 8V at the 10mA limit Notice that as resistance decreases the slope of the DUT load line increases As resistance a...

Page 125: ... Meter IM 5mA 10mA 10V 2kΩ DUT Load Line R IM VS R VS IM R 10V 2kΩ 5mA A Normal V source operation Current Limit Load Line Operating Point Voltage Source Load Line I Meter IM 10mA 100V 10mA 800Ω 8V B V Source in compliance 80V 8 0 0 Ω D U T L o a d L i n e R V Source VS Figure 5 8 V Source operating examples ...

Page 126: ...nd 17 Source readback accuracy SourceMeter measurement accuracy is better than sourcing accuracy see the source and measure specifications in Appendix A For that reason select the same measurement and source functions then use the measured value instead of the programmed source value for opti mum accuracy Basic circuit configurations Source I When configured to source current I Source as shown in ...

Page 127: ...r I Source Guard Cable Guard Local Local Remote Remote _ x1 4 WIRE SENSE LO INPUT OUTPUT LO GUARD SENSE V Ω Guard REMOTE A SENSE IN OUT HIGH Preamp HI Input Output Guard Cable LO Input Output HI Sense Guard Cable LO Input Output PreAmp Figure 5 9 Source I ...

Page 128: ...are not the same the V Source is adjusted accordingly Remote sense eliminates the effect of voltage drops in the test leads ensuring that the exact programmed voltage appears at the DUT NOTE The voltage error feedback to the V Source is an analog function The source error amplifier is used to compensate for IR drop in the test leads Mainframe I Meter V Meter Guard Cable Guard Local Local Remote Re...

Page 129: ...In Figure 5 11B the SourceMeter is configured to measure current only by setting it to source 0V and measure current Note that in order to obtain positive readings conventional current must flow from IN OUT HI to LO NOTE If the Remote PreAmp is not used use the INPUT OUTPUT H1 and LO terminals on the mainframe Note however that when not using the Remote PreAmp the 100nA through 1pA current ranges ...

Page 130: ...r element of a resistor network Cable guard or ohms guard is available at the GUARD banana jack on the mainframe Guard mode Cable or Ohms is selected from the V or I source configuration menu as explained in Section 2 Cable guard is always available at the Remote PreAmp regardless of the guard setting Ohms guard is not available at the Remote PreAmp NOTE Cable guard at the Remote PreAmp and guard ...

Page 131: ...the DUT In Figure 5 12B the driven guard is connected to the metal guard plate for the insulators Since the voltage on either end of RL1 is the same 0V drop no current can flow through the leakage resistance path Thus the SourceMeter only measures the current through the DUT Cable guard should be used when sourcing or measuring low current 1µA NOTE When using shielded triaxial or coaxial cabling w...

Page 132: ...n this case 20kΩ NOTE Ohms guard current IG must not exceed 50mA If it does the guard voltage drops lower than the output voltage allowing leakage current Thus the guarded ohms measurement becomes corrupted Guard sense When the GUARD to LO resistance path is less than 1kΩ remote guard sensing should be used to compensate for IR drop in the GUARD test lead and or switch contacts on a switching card...

Page 133: ...ge from the SourceMeter must not exceed 5V 50mA 100Ω 5V NOTE For 6 wire ohms guard measurements configure the output off state to the GUARD mode For details on the GUARD output off state see Section 12 Output configuration 6430 x1 I Source V Meter In Out LO In Out HI REMOTE PreAmp V Ω GUARD Ohms Guard Guard Ohms Guard Selected IG IL HI In Out Guard Cable LO In Out RTL Test Lead Resistance 1Ω 10kΩ ...

Page 134: ...stical data for these readings is also available upon recall Figure 5 15B shows data flow when Math or Limit Tests is enabled If Math is enabled the result of the math operation is displayed If Limit Tests is enabled the raw reading along with the results of the tests pass or fail is displayed As in the previous case these readings can also be stored in the data store Figure 5 15C shows data flow ...

Page 135: ...ay Buffer and Statistics Readings Display Buffer and Statistics Readings Display Readings A Math FCTN and limit tests disabled Data Store Data Store Math FCTN or Limit Tests Display Math or Limits Results B Math FCTN or limit tests enabled Math FCTN Limit Tests Display Math and Limits Results C Both Math FCTN and limit tests enabled REL REL Figure 5 15 Data flow front panel ...

Page 136: ...started in volts and changed to current the buffer will store the current readings If you started with MATH REL and or LIMITS enabled the buffer will stop storing readings if you change the basic measurement function Storage will continue if you return to the original configuration See Section 3 Basic source measure procedure for more information on selecting the mea surement function Table 5 3 Bu...

Page 137: ...a MATH function Storage will continue if you return to the original configu ration See Section 7 for more information on MATH Changing REL or LIMITS If you started with only a basic measurement function selected you can enable REL and or LIMITS but only the voltage current or resistance component of the operation will be stored in the buffer The results of REL and or LIMITS are not stored If you s...

Page 138: ...5 30 Source Measure Concepts ...

Page 139: ...um readings ranging limita tions manual and autoranging and display resolution Speed Discusses speed settings which are used to control the integration period of the A D converter Filters Provides information on the 3 stage filtering process that can be used to reduce reading noise ...

Page 140: ...ithout the Remote PreAmp However when not using the Remote PreAmp the lower current ranges and higher resistance ranges are not available Table 6 1 lists the available ranges for the SourceMeter Table 6 1 Model 6430 ranges Voltage Ranges Current Ranges Ohms Ranges WithRemote PreAmp Mainframe Only WithRemote PreAmp Mainframe Only WithRemote PreAmp Mainframe Only 200V 20V 2V 200mV 200V 20V 2V 200mV ...

Page 141: ...s to change the current measurement Measure I range For these source measure configurations the measurement range is determined by the selected source range With the 200V V Source range selected the highest current measurement range is 10mA With the 100mA I Source range selected the highest voltage measurement range is 20V The present I Compliance range determines the highest current measurement r...

Page 142: ...imizing the possibility that a SourceMeter will be in compliance in a multiple SourceMeter system The SourceMeter can downrange only once a reading has been taken NOTE See Section 5 Source delay measure cycle for more SDM information With the auto range change mode set to MULTIPLE you can also program the soak time which specifies the amount of time after the first point of a sweep that the unit w...

Page 143: ...IMIT prompt Remember that you cannot set the upper limit in the V and I modes but the unit will display the upper limit with those two functions Digits The display resolution of the measured reading depends on the DIGITS setting This setting is global which means the digits setting selects display resolution for all measurement functions The DIGITS setting has no effect on the remote reading forma...

Page 144: ... AUTO LLIMit n SENSe RESistance RANGe n SENSe RESistance RANGe AUTO state SENSe RESistance RANGe AUTO ULIMit SENSe RESistance RANGe AUTO LLIMit n DISPlay DIGits n Select manual amps range n range Enable disable auto amps range state ON or OFF Returns I compliance range Set lower limit for amps auto range n range Select manual volts measure range n range Enable disable auto volts range state ON or ...

Page 145: ... for 50Hz and 400Hz is 20msec 1 50 In general the fastest integration time FAST 0 01 PLC results in increased reading noise and fewer usable digits The slowest integration time HI ACCURACY 10 PLC provides the best common mode and normal mode noise rejection In between settings are a compromise between speed and noise The default power on speed setting is HI ACCURACY 10 PLC Setting speed Speed is s...

Page 146: ...isplay resolution can be changed using the DIGITS key Remote speed programming Speed commands Table 6 4 summarizes commands to control speed See Section 17 for more information Speed programming example Use the appropriate NPLC command to set the speed For example send the following com mand to set the amps speed to 10 PLC SENS CURR NPLC 10 Table 6 4 Speed commands Command Description SENSe CURRen...

Page 147: ...iltering system as shown in Figure 6 2 The first stage applies the Repeat Filter to the measurement conversions The second stage applies the Median Filter to the output of the first stage and the last stage applies the Moving Filter to the output of the second stage When a filter stage is disabled a reading simply passes through it Each filter stage uses a stack to temporarily store readings to be...

Page 148: ...pass the middle most reading from a group of readings that are arranged according to size For example assume the following readings 2mA 1nA 3nA The readings are placed in a stack re arranged in ascending order as follows 1nA 3nA 2mA From the above readings it can be plainly seen that 3nA is the median middle most read ing Therefore the 3nA reading is allowed to pass while the other two readings ar...

Page 149: ... stack oldest reading discarded and another Median Filter reading will be calculated and displayed NOTE With auto range enabled a range change cannot occur until a reading is yielded by the median filter process Therefore auto ranging could be very slow when the median filter is enabled NOTE If the Repeat Filter is enabled the Median Filter operation will not start until after the Repeat Filter op...

Page 150: ...r The noise window which is expressed as a percentage of range 0 105 allows a faster response time to large signal step changes If the readings are within the noise window the Moving Filter operates normally as previously explained If however a reading falls outside the window the stack is flushed of old readings and filled with the new reading For example assume the window is set to 10 and the 10...

Page 151: ...sed for all measurement functions and ranges For example assume Auto Filter is enabled speed is set to 1 PLC and the 10pA range is selected For this configuration as shown in Table 6 6 repeat count is 10 median rank is 3 and moving count is 5 If you disable Auto Filter these set tings will be retained for every voltage and current range Table 6 5 Auto filter settings where NPLC 0 01 to 0 10 Curren...

Page 152: ...A 100nA 001µA 010µA 100µA 001mA 010mA 100mA 10 10 10 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 15 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Table 6 7 Auto filter settings where NPLC 1 01 to 10 Current range Repeat count Median rank Moving count 001pA 010pA 100pA 001nA 010nA 100nA 001µA 010µA 100µA 001mA 010mA 100mA 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 15 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...

Page 153: ...ter 6 Place the cursor on MOVING COUNT and press ENTER to display the present moving count for the Moving Filter 7 Use the and keys to display the desired moving count 1 to 100 and press ENTER Keep in mind that a count of one disables the Moving Filter 8 Place the cursor on ADVANCED and press ENTER The blinking cursor will indicate the state of Advanced Filter 9 Use the or key to place the cursor ...

Page 154: ...ged Therefore the commands in Table 6 8 for the Repeat Filter Median Filter and Moving Filter are no operations with Auto Filter on Table 6 8 Filter commands Commands Description for Auto Filter SENSe AVERage AUTO state for Repeat Filter SENSe AVERage REPeat COUNt n SENSe AVERage REPeat STATe state for Median Filter SENSe MEDian RANK NRf SENSe MEDian STATe state for Moving Filter SENSe AVERage COU...

Page 155: ...ilter off Median Filter on rank 5 Moving Filter on count 20 Advanced Filter off Table 6 9 Filter programming example Command Description AVER AUTO OFF AVER REPeat OFF MED RANK 5 MED ON AVER COUN 20 AVER ON AVER ADV OFF Disable Auto Filter Disable Repeat Filter Set median rank to 5 Enable Median Filter Set moving count to 20 Enable Moving Filter Disable Moving Filter ...

Page 156: ...6 18 Range Digits Speed and Filters ...

Page 157: ...L mode that can be used to null offsets or sub tract a baseline value from readings Math Operations Provides detailed information on the following math FCTN operations power offset compensated ohms varistor alpha voltage coefficient and percent deviation ...

Page 158: ...0V range the SourceMeter still overflows for a 21 1V input NOTE When rel is enabled the REL annunciator turns on Changing measurement func tions disables rel Front panel rel Enabling and disabling rel Rel can be used to null out zero offsets or to establish a zero baseline by pressing the REL key The reading which becomes the rel value is subtracted from itself As a result a zero reading is displa...

Page 159: ...set up the SourceMeter as follows Rel value 5 Rel state enabled Table 7 1 Rel commands Command Description CALCulate2 NULL OFFSet n CALCulate2 NULL STATe state CALCulate2 NULL ACQuire Define null rel value n rel value Enable disable rel state ON or OFF Automatically acquire rel value must have non overflowed reading Table 7 2 Rel programming example Command Description CALC2 NULL OFFS 5 CALC2 NULL...

Page 160: ...use the Offset Compensated Ω mea surement method In general this method measures resistance V I at a specific I Source level and then subtracts a resistance measurement made with the I Source set to a different level typically zero NOTE Offset compensated Ω is also available from the CONFIG OHMS menu structure Using Offset Compensated Ω from this menu automatically selects zero as one of the sourc...

Page 161: ...ce configuration menu press CONFIG select SOURCE I or V select DELAY See Source delay in Section 3 for details Varistor alpha This math formula is used to determine ALPHA α which is the logarithmic ratio of two voltage measurement points on a non linear V I curve and is expressed as follows where V1 is the voltage measurement at the first I Source point V2 is the voltage measurement at the second ...

Page 162: ...ps to test 1kΩ 1 resistors 1 Select the Ω function select the 1kΩ measurement range or use AUTO range and connect the resistor to be tested to the SourceMeter 2 Configure the percent deviation math function a Press CONFIG press FCTN then select DEV b Set the reference REF value to 1 000000 k then press ENTER c Set the high tolerance HI TOL to 01 00 then press ENTER d Set the low tolerance LO TOL t...

Page 163: ... available to set the ref erence value User specified reference value Enter the desired reference value and press ENTER Acquire reference value With the output on press the AUTO range key The SourceMeter will perform a measurement and display that reading as the reference Press ENTER to select that reference value 3 Turn on the output by pressing the ON OFF key 4 Press the FCTN key to enable the s...

Page 164: ...s in resistance with voltage are present in virtually all resistors to at least some degree voltage coefficients are most noticeable in high value resistors 1010Ω See Figure 7 2 for DUT connections This example sets up the SourceMeter as follows Source function volts Sense functions all Source delay 1sec Start voltage 10V Stop voltage 50V Math expression voltage coefficient Table 7 3 Math commands...

Page 165: ...PIB defaults Enable all sense functions Manual resistance mode Volts source function 10V start voltage 50V stop voltage Volts sweep mode Sweep points 2 Trigger count 2 Select voltage coefficient math expression Enable math Turn on output Trigger sweep Request voltage coefficient data Triax Cable HI LO KEITHLEY 6430 REMOTE PreAmp SENSE MAINFRAME Connect to REMOTE PreAmp connector on rear panel of m...

Page 166: ...sign a name to the expression using up to 10 ASCII characters using the CALC MATH NAME user name command 3 Define the expression using the CALC MATH DEFine or CALC MATH EXPression command The new expression is the one that will be presently selected 4 Enable the math function by sending CALC STATE ON 5 Turn on the output by sending OUTP ON then send INIT to trigger the unit 6 Request the data with...

Page 167: ...efined math function programming example Command Description RST SENS FUNC OFF ALL SENS FUNC ON RES CALC MATH UNIT CALC MATH EXPR NAME PER_DEV CALC MATH EXPR RES 10e3 10e3 100 CALC STAT ON OUTP ON INIT CALC DATA Restore GPIB defaults Disable concurrent functions Select resistance function Define units name Define math expression name Define math expression Enable math data Turn on output Trigger u...

Page 168: ...7 12 Relative and Math ...

Page 169: ...ling readings stored in the buffer Buffer Statistics Discusses the various statistics available on buffer data including minimum and maximum values average mean standard deviation and peak to peak values Timestamp Format Explains how to select the timestamp format absolute or delta for recalled buffer readings Remote Command Data Store Summarizes the commands to control the data store and provides...

Page 170: ...y 3 Use the left and right cursor keys and the SOURCE and or RANGE and keys to specify the number of readings to store in the buffer 4 Press ENTER The asterisk annunciator turns on to indicate data storage operation It will turn off when the storage is finished 5 Turn on the output and if necessary trigger the unit to begin taking and storing readings Recalling readings Readings stored in the buff...

Page 171: ...number keys Posi tion the cursor on the appropriate digit and press the desired number key The cursor then moves right to the next least significant digit For example to display reading 0236 position the cursor all the way to the left MSD and press 0 2 3 6 Note that if keying in a number that exceeds the buffer size the reading at the highest memory location is displayed To exit from the data stor...

Page 172: ...r the delta format For the absolute format readings are referenced to zero seconds For the delta format the times tamp indicates the time between the displayed reading and the previous reading Perform the following steps to set the timestamp format 1 While in the normal display mode press CONFIG and then STORE to display the timestamp choices 2 Place the cursor on ABSOLUTE or DELTA and press ENTER...

Page 173: ...g buffer used by front panel data store bus TRACe commands and to store sweep data and it is bat tery backed up The READ buffer is a separate 2 500 reading buffer that can only be accessed over the bus using the READ command You can store and access data from these two buffers separately as outlined below Using TRACe commands to store data Use TRAC POIN n and TRIG COUN n followed by TRAC FEED CONT...

Page 174: ...RMat name CALCulate3 DATA Read contents of buffer Clear buffer Read buffer memory status Specify buffer size n buffer size Query number of stored readings Specify reading source Name SENSe 1 raw readings CALCulate 1 Calc1 readings or CALCulate2 Calc2 readings Start or stop buffer Name NEXT fill buffer and stop or NEVer disable buffer Select timestamp format Name ABSolute reference to first buffer ...

Page 175: ...r bit See Section 14 for details on the status structure Table 8 2 Data store example Command Description RST SOUR VOLT 10 TRAC FEED SENS TRAC POIN 10 TRAC FEED CONT NEXT TRIG COUN 10 OUTP ON INIT TRACE DATA CALC3 FORM MEAN CALC3 DATA CALC3 FORM SDEV CALC3 DATA Restore GPIB defaults Source 10V Store raw readings in buffer Store 10 readings in buffer Enable buffer Trigger count 10 Turn on output Tr...

Page 176: ...8 8 Data Store ...

Page 177: ...ep types Linear staircase logarithmic staircase custom and source memory sweep Configuring and Running a Sweep Discusses the procedure for setting up and per forming sweeps including selecting and configuring a sweep setting the delay and per forming a sweep ...

Page 178: ...le parameters include the start stop and step source levels When this sweep is triggered to start the output will go from the bias level to the start source level The output will then change in equal steps until the stop source level is reached With trigger delay set to zero the time duration at each step is determined by the source delay and the time it takes to perform the measurement NPLC setti...

Page 179: ... and stop levels and the num ber of measurement points for the sweep The specified start stop and point parameters deter mine the logarithmic step size for the sweep Step size for the sweep in Figure 9 2 is calculated as follows Delay Delay Delay Delay Start Bias Stop 10 Measure 1 Measure 2 Measure 3 Measure 5 X Measurement Point X X X X Delay X Measure 4 Log Points 5 1 10 5 6234 3 1623 1 7783 Vol...

Page 180: ...nts in the order they were programmed and stop after the last source measure point With trigger delay set to zero the time duration at each step is determined by the source delay and the time it takes to perform the measurement NPLC setting This delay is the same for all sweep points Custom sweep examples The custom sweep can be configured to provide a 50 duty cycle pulse sweep Figure 9 3 shows a ...

Page 181: ...itiated the SourceMeter then sequences through the setups very rapidly This feature allows you to use the instrument as a fast automatic test sequencer Sweep configuration The user specifies the number of memory location points to sweep and where to start the sweep For example you can specify a six point sweep that starts at memory location 98 When the sweep is started the setups at memory locatio...

Page 182: ...or all points in the sweep Restoring source memory setups In addition to automatically sweeping through source memory locations see Configuring and running a sweep later in this section you can also recall them individually as follows 1 Press MENU to display the MAIN MENU 2 Select SAVESETUP then press ENTER 3 Choose SOURCE MEMORY then press ENTER 4 Select RESTORE then press ENTER 5 Select the sour...

Page 183: ... Limit X lower limit Limit X lower bit pattern Composite limits bit pattern Next pass memory location Trigger delay SENSe 1 CURRent NPLCycles SENSe 1 RESistance NPLCycles SENSe 1 VOLTage NPLCycles SENSe 1 FUNCtion CONCurrent SENSe 1 FUNCtion ON SENSe 1 FUNCtion OFF SENSe 1 RESistance MODE SENSe 1 RESistance OCOMpensated SENSe 1 AVERage STATe SENSe 1 AVERage TCONtrol SENSe 1 AVERage COUNt SOURce 1 ...

Page 184: ...ng since infinite memory loops can inadvertently be cre ated A single Source Memory Sweep will always sweep the number of points specified regardless of how many branches were taken Memory sweep branching option is set from the PASS SRC MEM LOC item of the CON FIG LIMITS MENU See Section 11 Limit testing and Configure limit tests for details Via remote use the CALCulate2 CLIMits PASS SMLocation co...

Page 185: ... Breakdown Voltage Test VR and Leakage Current Test IR Figure 9 6 illustrates the test points on a typi cal diode curve Forward Voltage Test VF This test involves sourcing a specified forward bias current within the normal operating range of the diode then measuring the resulting voltage drop To pass the test the voltage must be within the specified minimum and maximum values Reverse Breakdown Tes...

Page 186: ... Memory Location 002 Forward Voltage Test diode installed correctly SML 002 Forward Voltage Test Source I Measure V Limit 2 test Min max limits for voltage reading Summary The voltage measurement and the result of the test pass or fail is stored in the buffer SML 003 Reverse Breakdown Test Source I Measure V Limit 2 test Min max limits for voltage reading Summary The voltage measurement and the re...

Page 187: ...ep CONFIGURE SWEEPS menu Press CONFIG then SWEEP to display the sweep configuration menu TYPE Use this menu item to select the type of sweep STAIR When the linear staircase sweep is selected you will be prompted to enter the START STOP and STEP levels LOG When the logarithmic staircase sweep is selected you will be prompted to enter the START and STOP levels and specify the number of measurement p...

Page 188: ...ange will be used AUTO RANGE With this option the SourceMeter will select the most sensitive source range for each source level in the sweep For example for a 1V source level the 2V source range will be used and for a 3V source level the 20V source range will be used Note that the range changing process of AUTO RANGE may cause transients in the sweep If these transients cannot be tolerated use the...

Page 189: ...r model and Configuring triggering to set trigger delay NOTE For linear staircase log staircase and custom sweeps source delay trigger delay and NPLC settings are global and affect all sweep points simultaneously For source memory sweep only both the source delay and NPLC settings can be set to different values for each point in the sweep Trigger count and sweep points The trigger count and number...

Page 190: ...urement point in the sweep Otherwise use autoranging Step 2 Configure sweep Configure the sweep as follows 1 Press CONFIG then SWEEP 2 Select TYPE then press ENTER 3 Select STAIR then press ENTER 4 At the prompts enter the desired START STOP and STEP values 5 From the CONFIGURE SWEEPS menu select SWEEP COUNT press ENTER then choose FINITE or INFINITE as desired 6 Again from the CONFIGURE SWEEPS me...

Page 191: ...asurement range Step 2 Configure sweep Configure the sweep as follows 1 Press CONFIG then SWEEP 2 Select TYPE then press ENTER 3 Select LOG then press ENTER 4 At the prompts enter the desired START STOP and NO OF POINTS values 5 From the CONFIGURE SWEEPS menu select SWEEP COUNT press ENTER then choose FINITE or INFINITE as desired 6 Again from the CONFIGURE SWEEPS menu choose SOURCE RANGING press ...

Page 192: ...tion then choose the desired measurement range Step 2 Configure sweep Configure the sweep as follows 1 Press CONFIG then SWEEP 2 Select TYPE then press ENTER 3 Select CUSTOM then press ENTER 4 Use the displayed menu selections to enter the desired POINTS individual point val ues ADJUST POINTS and INIT initial value 5 From the CONFIGURE SWEEPS menu select SWEEP COUNT press ENTER then choose FINITE ...

Page 193: ...eration See Table 9 2 for settings that can be stored in each source memory location 2 Press MENU to display the MAIN MENU Select SAVESETUP Select SOURCE MEMORY Select SAVE Use the and keys and the cursor keys to display the desired memory location and press ENTER Use the EXIT key to back out of the menu structure 3 Repeat Steps 1 and 2 for all points in the sweep Step 2 Configure sweep Configure ...

Page 194: ...STOP n SOURce CURRent STEP n SOURce CURRent CENTer n SOURce CURRent SPAN n SOURce VOLTage MODE SWEep SOURce VOLTage STARt n SOURce VOLTage STOP n SOURce VOLTage STEP n SOURce VOLTage CENTer n SOURce VOLTage SPAN n SOURce SWEep RANGing name SOURce SWEep SPACing name SOURce SWEep POINts n SOURce SWEep DIREction name Select current source sweep mode Specify sweep start current n current Specify sweep...

Page 195: ...Mode sweep Start Current 1mA Stop Current 10mA Step Current 1mA Voltage Compliance 1V Source Delay 100ms Figure 9 8 shows typical test connections for this test and Figure 9 9 shows a typical diode curve Note that the diode anode is connected to HI and the cathode is connected to LO These connections are required to properly forward bias the diode for the purposes of the test The test connections ...

Page 196: ...eep Trigger count sweep points 2 100ms source delay Turn on source output Trigger sweep request data 1This command should normally be sent after START STOP and STEP to avoid delays caused by rebuilding sweep when each command is sent 2For single sweep trigger count should equal number of points in sweep Points Stop Start Step 1 You can use SOUR SWE POIN query to read the number of points Table 9 5...

Page 197: ...g example Command Description RST SENS FUNC CONC OFF SOUR FUNC VOLT SENS FUNC CURR DC SENS CURR PROT 0 1 SOUR VOLT MODE LIST SOUR LIST VOLT 7 1 3 8 2 TRIG COUN 5 SOUR DEL 0 1 OUTP ON READ Restore GPIB default conditions Turn off concurrent functions Volts source function Current sense function 100mA current compliance List volts sweep mode 7V 1V 3V 8V 2V sweep points Trigger count sweep points 100...

Page 198: ...ng example Command Description RST SENS FUNC CONC OFF SOUR FUNC MEM SOUR MEM POIN 3 SOUR MEM STAR 1 SOUR FUNC VOLT SENS FUNC CURR DC SOUR VOLT 10 SOUR MEM SAVE 1 SOUR FUNC CURR SENS FUNC VOLT DC SOUR CURR 100E 3 SOUR MEM SAVE 2 SENS FUNC CURR DC SOUR MEM SAVE 3 TRIG COUN 3 OUTP ON READ Restore GPIB default conditions Turn off concurrent functions Source memory sweep mode Number memory points 3 Sta...

Page 199: ...105mA Compliance Call OutputCmd intGPIB SENS CURR RANGE 1 Set 100mA Current Measure Range Call OutputCmd intGPIB SOUR DEL 1 Set Source Delay to 1 Call OutputCmd intGPIB SOUR VOLT 10 10V Source Voltage Call OutputCmd intGPIB CALC2 FEED CURR Send Current A Readings to Buffer Call OutputCmd intGPIB CALC2 LIM1 STAT ON Set Limit1 on Call OutputCmd intGPIB CALC2 LIM1 COMP FAIL IN Set Fail Mode to In Com...

Page 200: ...LIM FAIL SML 100 Set SML Fail Location Call OutputCmd intGPIB SOUR MEM SAVE 2 Save in Source Memory Location 2 Setup Source Memory Location 3 Call OutputCmd intGPIB RST Restore GPIB default conditions Call OutputCmd intGPIB SOUR FUNC VOLT Current Source Function Call OutputCmd intGPIB SENS FUNC CURR DC Current Sense Function Call OutputCmd intGPIB SENS CURR PROT 105 Set 105mA Compliance Call Outpu...

Page 201: ...utCmd intGPIB CALC2 CLIM PASS SML NEXT Set SML Pass Location Call OutputCmd intGPIB CALC2 CLIM FAIL SML 100 Set SML Fail Location Call OutputCmd intGPIB SOUR MEM SAVE 100 Save in source memory location 100 Call OutputCmd intGPIB RST Restore GPIB default conditions Call OutputCmd intGPIB CALC2 CLIM BCON END Call OutputCmd intGPIB SENSE FUNC CONC OFF Turn off Concurrent Functions Call OutputCmd intG...

Page 202: ...9 26 Sweep Operation ...

Page 203: ... action Trigger Link Discusses the trigger link including input triggers output triggers and external triggering example Configuring Triggering Details how to configure the various triggering aspects Remote Triggering Details the remote trigger model summarizes trigger com mands and gives a basic triggering example ...

Page 204: ... performed The trigger model consists of two layers Arm Layer and Trigger Layer to provide versatil ity Programmable counters allow operations to be repeated and various input and output trig ger options are available to provide source measure synchronization between the SourceMeter and other instruments via the Trigger Link Unless otherwise noted the programmable aspects of the trigger model are ...

Page 205: ... Layer Trigger Layer Bench Default Output Trigger Trigger In Source CONV CONV CONV Filter Process Repeat CONV Reading Conversion MEASURE Action Bypass Source Event Detector On Off On Off Arm Out Event Trigger Out Event On Off On Off On Off Trigger Out Event Trigger Out Event On Off 1 1 0 0 sec 0 001 sec On Off Soak time takes the place of the delay time only during the first SDM cycle after initia...

Page 206: ... detection occurs when the pro grammed timer interval expires If operation takes the Another Arm No route the Timer resets allowing event detection to again occur immediately MANUAL Event detection occurs when the TRIG key is pressed TLINK Event detection occurs when an input trigger via the Trigger Link input line is received see Trigger link for more information With TLink selected you can loop ...

Page 207: ...will simply continue on and perform the Source action With the Trigger Link Trigger In Source selected operation will go around the Source Event Detector Figure 10 1 by setting the event detector bypass to ONCE Trigger delay A programmable delay is available before the Source Action The Trigger Delay can be manually set from 0 00000 to 999 99990 seconds Note that this delay is separate from the De...

Page 208: ...ever you can set the arm count to INFINITE With an infinite arm count the maximum trigger count is 2500 NOTE When a sweep is configured the trigger model settings will not change until the sweep is started After the sweep is finished the trigger model will reset back to the previous settings Output triggers The SourceMeter can be programmed to output a trigger via rear panel Trigger Link con necto...

Page 209: ... versatility for the various source measure applica tions Typically it allows you to perform a specified number of measurements at various source levels For example assume you want to perform three measurements each at two different V source levels 1V and 2V To do this set the arm count to two the trigger count to three and use a 6 point Custom Sweep configured as follows P0000 1V P0001 1V P0002 1...

Page 210: ...e 10 2 Input trigger requirements An input trigger is used to satisfy event detection for a trigger model layer that is configured for the TRIGGER LINK event See Trigger model The input requires a falling edge TTL com patible pulse with the specifications shown in Figure 10 3 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Rear Panel Pinout Pin Number Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Trigger Link 1 Trigger Link 2 Trigger Link 3 Trigg...

Page 211: ...may want to close a switching channel and then measure the resistance of the DUT connected to that channel This test system is shown in Figure 10 5 which uses a SourceMeter to measure 10 DUTs switched by a Model 7011 multiplexer card in a Model 7001 7002 Switch System TTL High 3 4V Typical Meter Complete TTL Low 0 25V Typical 10µs Minimum Figure 10 4 Trigger link output pulse specifications Triax ...

Page 212: ... 5 Set trigger output line to 1 Select TRIGGER OUT then press ENTER Select LINE then press ENTER Select 1 then press ENTER WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED...

Page 213: ...re bench defaults Press the MENU key select SAVESETUP and then press ENTER From the SAVESETUP menu select RESET then press ENTER Press ENTER to confirm the action Press ENTER to return to the SETUP MENU Press EXIT to leave the SETUP MENU Press EXIT to leave the MAIN MENU Step 2 Set up scan list 1 1 1 10 Press the SCAN LIST key Press 1 1 1 1 0 then press the ENTER key Step 3 Set then number of scan...

Page 214: ...to close the next channel This process continues until all 10 channels are scanned measured and stored Details of this testing process are explained in the following paragraphs and are referenced to the operation model shown in Figure 10 7 A Turning the SourceMeter OUTPUT ON places it at point A in the flowchart where it waits for an external trigger B Pressing STEP takes the Model 7001 2 out of t...

Page 215: ...aspects of triggering CONFIGURE TRIGGER menu Press CONFIG and then TRIG to display the menu shown below and in Figure 10 8 Note that bullets indicate the primary items of the menu while dashes and slashes indicate options See Section 1 Rules to navigate menus to check and or change trigger options ARM LAYER Use this menu item to configure the arm layer of the trigger model ARM IN Use to select the...

Page 216: ...tering the trigger layer COUNT Specify the arm count FINITE programmable count or INFINITE never ending count TRIG LAYER Use this menu item to configure the trigger layer of the trigger model TRIGGER IN Use to select the detection event for the trigger layer IMMEDIATE Event detection occurs immediately TRIGGER LINK After selecting this trigger in source you will be prompted in sequence as follows ...

Page 217: ...he SourceMeter out of idle Turn the output off and then on again Re select the arm or trigger event Exit from the menu structure and then re enter it by pressing CONFIG and then TRIG CONFIG TRIG TRIG LAYER ARM LAYER HALT IMMEDIATE ARM IN COUNT TRIGGER IN TRIGGER OUT DELAY COUNT LINE EVENTS TRIGGER LINK LINE IMMEDIATE GPIB TIMER MANUAL TLINK STEST STEST ARM OUT EVENTS STEST Figure 10 8 Configure tr...

Page 218: ...r Link Idle and initiate The instrument is considered to be in the idle state ARM annunciator off when it is not operating within the trigger model layers While in the idle state the instrument cannot perform any measurements An initiate command is required to take the instrument out of idle The fol lowing commands perform an initiate operation INITiate READ MEASure Conversely if the unit is takin...

Page 219: ...ptor TRIGger INPut SOURce TRIGger DELay n SOURce TRIGger OUTPut SOURce DELay n AUTO DELay TRIGger OUTPut TRIGger OUTPut SENSe TRIGger INPut TRIGger INPut SENSe DELay TRIGger COUNt n ARM OUTPut NONE TEXit ARM COUNt n INF Note The following commands place the SourceMeter into idle DCL SDC ABORt RST SYSTem PREset and RCL In SYSTem RCMode MULTiple the soak time programmed with SOURce 1 SOAK takes the ...

Page 220: ... Arm Event Detector This bypass can only be used if TLINk PSTest NSTest or BSTest is the selected Arm In Event The bypass serves to jump start operation With the bypass set to SOURce operation will loop around the Arm Event Detector when an INITiate command is sent assuming the output is turned ON The programmable arm in events for the Arm Layer are described as follows IMMediate Event detection o...

Page 221: ...er In Source With this event detector bypass set to SOURce operation will proceed around the Source Event Detector The programmable trigger in sources for the Trigger Layer are described as follows IMMediate With Immediate selected event detection for the three detectors is satisfied immediately Operation proceeds through the Trigger Layer to perform the Source Delay and Measure actions TLINk With...

Page 222: ...y can be enabled With Auto Delay enabled the SourceMeter automatically selects a nominal delay period based on the selected function and range NOTE In the SYSTem RCMode MULTiple mode the soak time programmed with SOURce 1 SOAK takes the place of the delay time only during the first SDM cycle after the initial sweep trigger See Section 17 MEASURE Action During this phase of the SDM cycle the measur...

Page 223: ...ious trigger model operations An output trigger is used to trigger another instrument to perform an operation See Trigger link earlier in this section for more information Trigger Layer Output Triggers The SourceMeter can be programmed to output a trigger after each action of the SDM cycle Source Delay and Measure Output triggers are con trolled with the TRIGger OUTPut command For example to outpu...

Page 224: ...ions Typically it allows you to perform a specified number of measurements at various source levels For example assume you want to perform three measurements each at two different V source levels 1V and 2V To do this set the arm count to two arm count 2 the trigger count to three trigger count 3 and use the list sourcing mode with the following defined list source list volt 1 1 1 2 2 2 On the firs...

Page 225: ...ine NRf input line ARM OLINe NRf Select arm layer output line NRf output line ARM OUTPut event list Select arm layer output events Event list TENTer TEXit or NONE TRIGger CLEar Clear any pending input triggers immediately TRIGger COUNt n Set trigger count n count TRIGger DELay n Set trigger delay n delay TRIGger SOURce name Specify trigger control source Name IMMediate or TLINk TRIGger DIRection n...

Page 226: ... trig ger the unit the second time and it then completes the second cycle through the trigger layer NOTE You must allow sufficient time between the first and second TRG commands or the second trigger will be ignored Table 10 2 Remote triggering example Command Description RST SOUR VOLT 10 ARM SOUR BUS ARM COUN 2 TRIG DEL 0 1 TRIG COUN 10 TRIG OUTP SOUR SENS TRIG OLIN 1 OUTP ON INIT TRG TRG OUTP OF...

Page 227: ...s Binning Systems Details the handler interface as well as single element and multiple element binning Digital Output Clear Pattern Details the digital output bit pattern that occurs after a binning operation Configuring and Performing Limit Tests Describes how to configure the SourceMeter for limit testing and summarizes a typical test procedure Remote Limit Testing Summarizes limit commands and ...

Page 228: ...ic pass fail bit patterns on the Digital I O port which can be used to control other equipment such as a device handler for binning oper ations See Binning systems later in this section and Section 12 Digital I O port for more information With the CALCulate2 LIMit n FAIL query via remote where n is the limit test number Section 17 CALCulate 2 By reading various status bits Section 14 Status struct...

Page 229: ...e test fails The Limit 1 test can be used to determine the polarity of a device such as a diode By using this test with a source memory sweep you can branch to a different setup at a specified mem ory location when the device is installed backwards See the programming example at the end of this section for details on diode testing Limit 2 limit 3 and limit 5 12 tests These software S W tests are u...

Page 230: ...placed in an assigned bin For the grading mode the binning system can be further automated by adding a scanner With the use of a scanner the tests can be repeated cycled to test individual elements of a sin gle package i e resistor network See Binning systems for more information on using compo nent handlers and scanners to perform binning operations Operation overview Grading mode Grading mode li...

Page 231: ...orm Source Measure action Display FAIL Display FAIL Binning Control Binning Control Binning Control First Failure First Failure First Failure End End End Yes Yes Yes Output Limit 1 Fail Pattern Immediate Output Limit 2 Fail Pattern Immediate Output Limit 3 Fail Pattern Immediate Store Limit 1 Fail Pattern in Memory Store Limit 2 Fail Pattern in Memory Store Limit 3 5 12 Fail Pattern in Memory No N...

Page 232: ...d at 3V End binning End binning allows a sweep to finish before performing the binning opera tion In the event of a failure the first test failure determines the bin assignment See Figure 11 4 Using a sweep with end binning lets you test a device at different source levels For exam ple assume a 3 point list sweep at 1 1V 2 2V and 3 3V source levels Limit testing will be per formed at each source l...

Page 233: ...est pulse from the component handler Fail condition When a failure occurs the FAIL message is displayed and also can be read via remote with CALC2 LIM n FAIL and operation proceeds to the Binning Control decision block Immediate binning For immediate binning the testing process is terminated and the fail pattern for that particular failure is sent to the component handler to perform the binning op...

Page 234: ...terminate the testing process for that DUT For the pass condition operation will proceed to the next enabled limit test If however there are no software limit tests Limit 2 3 5 12 enabled the testing process will terminate and the PASS message will be displayed Assuming Limit 1 passes each enabled software limit test will be performed until one of them passes When a test passes the PASS message is...

Page 235: ...and press LIMIT key Output Fail Pattern Test Another Device No Yes Stop Press LIMIT Wait for SOT pulse from handler Perform Source Measure action Display PASS Display PASS Output Limit 1 Fail Pattern Output Limit 2 Pass Pattern Output Limit 3 5 12 Pass Pattern Display FAIL Limits 2 3 and 5 12 Disabled Display PASS Output Pass Pattern Yes No Figure 11 5 Sorting mode limit testing ...

Page 236: ...ning operation Digital I O connector These digital I O lines are available at the DB 9 Digital I O connector on the rear panel of the SourceMeter A custom cable using a standard female DB 9 connector is required for con nection to the SourceMeter See Digital I O port in Section 12 for more information Digital output lines The four output lines output a specific bit pattern based on the pass fail r...

Page 237: ... DUT into the bin assigned to the pulsed line When used with a Category Register Handler the SourceMeter outputs a bit pattern to three handler lines After the SourceMeter sends the end of test EOT strobe pulse to the fourth han dler line the handler places the DUT into the bin assigned to that bit pattern Category pulse component handler When using this type of handler the SourceMeter pulses one ...

Page 238: ... EOT mode NOTE The EOT and 3 bit modes are configured from the CONFIG LIMIT MENU See Configuring limit tests later in this section Basic binning systems Two basic binning systems are shown in Figures 11 7 and 11 8 Both systems require a han dler to physically place the device packages in the appropriate bins The handler is controlled by the SourceMeter via the Digital I O port Single element devic...

Page 239: ... Ch 1 to open and Ch 2 to close Assuming there is no failure a measurement is then performed on R2 While R2 is being tested Ch 2 opens and Ch 3 closes Again assuming no failure a measurement is per formed on R3 and it is then tested Assuming that all the tests on all three resistors passed the device package is placed in the pass bin If any of the resistors in the network fails a test the FAIL mes...

Page 240: ...the relationship between the digital output lines for auto clear This example uses the 3 bit digital output mode and uses line 4 as EOT That is line 4 will pulse low to signal end of test Initially the four digital output lines are cleared in this case they are all set high Limit tests start when the start of test SOT pulse is received from the component handler When the testing process is finishe...

Page 241: ...erances enabled assuming that it has passed the Compliance tests first The Digital I O will be driven with the first pattern of the first Compliance HI or LO failure Otherwise the pass pattern will be output In GRADING mode you will also choose bin control modes With IMMEDIATE the testing process will stop after the first failure and place the fail pattern on the digital output If none of the limi...

Page 242: ...selected the test will fail when not in compliance Also use to specify the digital output bit pattern for Limit 1 IN or OUT test failure 0 to 7 3 bit 0 to 15 4 bit 0 to 65535 16 bit S W LIMITS Use this menu item to control set limits for and define output bit pat terns for LIM2 LIM3 and LIM5 through LIM12 tests CONTROL Use to ENABLE or DISABLE the test LOLIM Use to set the low limit and for the gr...

Page 243: ...run limit tests Step 1 Configure test system As previously explained in Section 2 your test system could be as simple as connecting a DUT to the SourceMeter or could employ the use of a handler for binning operations Adding a scanner to the test system allows you to test multi element devices such as resistor networks Make sure that the Digital I O is configured appropriately for the handler you a...

Page 244: ...Start testing process To enable the limit tests press the LIMIT key If the SOT line of the Digital I O is being used by a handler the testing process will not start until the handler sends a low going pulse Otherwise the testing process will start when LIMIT is pressed NOTE The PASS and FAIL messages indicate the status of each test cycle with the fol lowing exceptions When in the NORMAL or GUARD ...

Page 245: ...2 LIMitX PASS SOURce2 NRf NDN Specify pass pattern for sorting mode NRf NDN bit pattern CALCulate2 LIMit 1 STATe state Enable disable Limit 1 test state ON or OFF CALCulate2 LIMitX STATe state Enable disable Limit X test X 2 3 5 12 state ON or OFF CALCulate2 LIMit 1 FAIL Query Limit 1 test result 0 pass 1 fail CALCulate2 LIMitX FAIL Query Limit X test result X 2 3 5 12 0 pass 1 fail CALCulate2 CLI...

Page 246: ...alue 0 82V Limit 3 Lower Value 0 78V Figure 11 11 demonstrates graphically how parts are sorted Diodes with a voltage between 0 78V and 0 82V are considered good and will pass the limits test Diodes that test with a slightly wider voltage range are routed to QA for analysis while those with the largest voltage tolerance will be discarded Command Description SOURce2 BSIZe n Set Digital I O port bit...

Page 247: ...AIL CALC2 LIM3 FAIL Restore GPIB default conditions Turn off concurrent functions Current source function Volts sense function Output 100mA when triggered 100ms source delay Use voltage for limits comparison Limit 2 upper value 0 85V Limit 2 lower value 0 75V Limit 3 upper value 0 82V Limit 3 lower value 0 78V Digital I O port 0001 1 when test passes Digital I O port 0010 2 when upper Limit 2 fail...

Page 248: ...11 22 Limit Testing ...

Page 249: ...its Safety Interlock Describes how to use the Digital I O Port as a safety interlock Front Panel Output Configuration Details configuration of the Digital I O Port as an interlock as well as configuring main output off states Remote Output Configuration Summarizes the remote commands used to control the Digital I O Port interlock and main output off states A simple programming exam ple is also pro...

Page 250: ...V or low 0V Each output line can source up to 2mA or sink up to 500mA When using a category register handler for limit testing output line 4 is typically used for the EOT End of Test or BUSY pulse This pulse from the SourceMeter signals the handler to perform the binning operation or indicates a busy condition See Section 11 Configuring limit tests SOT line The input line SOT is used by the handle...

Page 251: ...or this line is 300mA This line is protected by a self resetting fuse one hour recovery time Digital output configuration There are two basic methods to connect external components to the digital output lines sink operation and source operation Sink operation Figure 12 2 shows the basic output configuration for sink operation Note that the external relay coil is connected between the digital outpu...

Page 252: ...used for other purposes such as controlling external relays or indicator lights You can control these lines either from the front panel or via remote as follows Front panel digital output control Set digital output line logic levels from the front panel as follows 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select GENERAL then press ENTER 3 Select DIGOUT then press ENTER 4 Using the RANGE and cursor keys set the digit...

Page 253: ...following com mand to set the output lines to L H L H SOUR TTL 5 Table 12 1 Digital output line settings OUT 4 OUT 3 OUT 2 OUT 1 Decimal value L L L L L L L L H H H H H H H H L L L L H H H H L L L L H H H H L L H H L L H H L L H H L L H H L H L H L H L H L H L H L H L H 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 L Low Gnd H High 3V 0 7 in 3 bit mode which is controlled by CONFIG LIMIT menu See Section ...

Page 254: ... 4A If the lid of the test fixture opens Figure 12 4B the switch opens and the interlock line goes high turning the OUTPUT of the SourceMeter OFF high impedance The output can only be turned back on by first closing the lid of the test fixture and then pressing the OUTPUT ON OFF key NOTE Interlock can be driven by Digital I O Allow 100µs settling and response time The Digital I O lines are open co...

Page 255: ...mode is selected and set to 0V Current compliance is set to the pro grammed Source I value or to 0 5 full scale of the present current range which ever is greater Measurements are performed and displayed while the OUTPUT is off GUARD When OUTPUT is turned OFF the current source is selected and set to 0A Voltage compliance is set to 0 5 full scale of the present voltage range AUTO OFF Use to ENABLE...

Page 256: ...ance is set to the programmed Source I value or to 0 5 full scale of the present current range whichever is greater Measurements are performed and displayed While in the ZERO output off state the SourceMeter can be used as an I Meter The ZERO output off state can also be used with the V Source and Output Auto Off to gen erate very quick pulsed voltage waveforms For example with Output Auto Off ena...

Page 257: ...easurements To protect the unit from inductive energy the application may require a spark gap across the INPUT HI and LO terminals The SourceMeter does not have internal spark gap protection as some leakage current nA is associated with the protection circuits Remote output configuration Output configuration commands Table 12 2 summarizes output configuration commands These commands include those ...

Page 258: ...of the Digital I O Port together to simulate a closed interlock switch Otherwise the unit will not turn on its output when the measurement is made Table 12 3 Output configuration programming example Command Description RST SOUR VOLT 10 OUTP INT STAT ON OUTP SMOD NORM SOUR CLE AUTO ON READ Restore GPIB defaults Output 10V Enable interlock Select normal output off mode Enable auto off mode Trigger a...

Page 259: ...n Covers GPIB bus standards bus connections and primary address selection General Bus Commands Describes general bus commands used for fundamental GPIB control Front Panel GPIB Operation Summarizes GPIB error messages status indicators and using the LOCAL key Programming Syntax Describes the basic programming syntax for both common and SCPI commands RS 232 Interface Operation Outlines use of the R...

Page 260: ...asurements With the use of the TOGGLE key you can measure display two functions concurrently Using remote operation you can perform concurrent measurements on all three functions volt age current and resistance See Section 17 SENSe1 Subsystem for details Local to remote transition When changing from local to remote operation the following actions occur The SourceMeter stops performing source measu...

Page 261: ...an select the interface only from the front panel The interface selection is stored in non volatile memory it does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset The GPIB bus is the IEEE 488 interface You must select a unique address for the Source Meter The address is displayed when the instrument is turned on At the factory the address is set to 24 The RS 232 interface is a...

Page 262: ...o conforms to this standard SCPI 1996 0 Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments This standard defines a command language protocol It goes one step farther than IEEE 488 2 1992 and defines a standard set of commands to control every programmable aspect of an instrument GPIB connections To connect the SourceMeter to the GPIB bus use a cable equipped with standard IEEE 488 connectors as shown ...

Page 263: ...he connector located on the rear panel The connector is designed so it will fit only one way Figure 13 3 shows the location of the IEEE 488 connector 2 Tighten the screws securely making sure not to overtighten them Instrument Controller Instrument Instrument Figure 13 2 IEEE 488 connections INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO IEEE 488 ENTER IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU 250V P...

Page 264: ...arily displays the primary address You can set the address to a value from 0 to 30 but do not assign the same address to another device or to a controller that is on the same GPIB bus controller addresses are usually 0 or 21 The primary address can be checked and or changed from the COMMUNICATIONS GPIB option of the Main Menu See Section 1 Main menu This menu option also allows you to select the 4...

Page 265: ...nt panel TALK or LSTN lights if the instrument was previously placed in one of these states Note that this command does not affect the status of the instrument Settings data and event registers are not changed With auto output off enabled SOURce1 CLEar AUTO ON the output will remain on if operation is terminated before the output has a chance to automatically turn off To send the IFC command the c...

Page 266: ... instruments simultaneously as is the case with DCL GET group execute trigger GET is a GPIB trigger that is used as an arm event to control operation The SourceMeter reacts to this trigger if it is the programmed arm control source The following command selects the GPIB arm control source ARM SOURce BUS NOTE With ARM SOURce BUS selected and an INITiate command sent do not send any commands except ...

Page 267: ... is in effect LOCAL will be locked out OUTPUT ON OFF is still operational in remote If ARM SOUR is set to manual the TRIG key will be active in remote TALK This indicator is on when the instrument is in the talker active state Place the unit in the talk state by addressing it to talk with the correct MTA My Talk Address command TALK is off when the unit is in the talker idle state Place the unit i...

Page 268: ...am messages are made up of one or more command words Commands and command parameters Common commands and SCPI commands may or may not use a parameter The following are some examples SAV NRf Parameter NRf required RST No parameter used CALCulate1 STATe b Parameter b required SYSTem PRESet No parameter used NOTE At least one space between the command word and the parameter is required Brackets Some ...

Page 269: ...en the MINimum parameter is used the instrument is programmed to the lowest allowable value When the MAXimum param eter is used the instrument is programmed to the largest allowable value Ex amples ARM TIMer 0 1 Sets timer to 100 msec ARM TIMer DEFault Sets timer to 0 1 sec ARM TIMer MINimum Sets timer to 1 msec ARM TIMer MAXimum Sets timer to 99999 99 sec numlist Numlist Specify one or more numbe...

Page 270: ... for the fundamental command Examples are ARM TIMer DEFault Queries the RST default value ARM TIMer MINimum Queries the lowest allowable value ARM TIMer MAXimum Queries the largest allowable value Case sensitivity Common commands and SCPI commands are not case sensitive You can use upper or lower case and any case combination Examples RST rst DATA data SYSTem PRESet system preset NOTE Using all up...

Page 271: ...tains a question mark query or a non optional number included in the command word you must include it in the short form version Example delay del Command words or characters that are enclosed in brackets are optional and need not be included in the program message NOTE For fastest response to commands always use short forms Program messages A program message is made up of one or more command words...

Page 272: ...e colon after the semicolon it resets back to the root level and starts over Commands that are on the same command level can be executed without having to retype the entire command path Example stat oper enab NRf enab After the first command enab is executed the path pointer is at the third command level in the structure Since enab is also on the third level it can be typed in without repeating th...

Page 273: ... an LF EOI The bus will hang if your computer does not provide this termination The follow ing example shows how a command program message must be terminated outp on PMT Command execution rules Commands execute in the order that they are presented in the program message An invalid command generates an error and of course is not executed Valid commands that precede an invalid command in a multiple ...

Page 274: ...l the SourceMeter what to send to the computer The following two steps must always be performed to send information from the instrument to the computer 1 Send the appropriate query command s in a program message 2 Address the SourceMeter to talk Rule 2 The complete response message must be received by the computer before another program message can be sent to the SourceMeter RS 232 interface opera...

Page 275: ...upport the baud rate you selected Both the SourceMeter and the other device must be configured for the same baud rate Data bits and parity The RS 232 interface can be configured to send receive data that is 7 or 8 bits long using even odd or no parity No parity is only valid when using 8 data bits Terminator The SourceMeter can be configured to terminate each program message that it transmits to t...

Page 276: ...haracters until it sees an XON Incoming commands are processed after the CR character is received from the controller If NONE is the selected flow control there will be no signal handshaking between the con troller and the SourceMeter Data will be lost if transmitted before the receiving device is ready RS 232 connections The RS 232 serial port is connected to the serial port of a computer using a...

Page 277: ...t used TXD transmit data RXD receive data Not used GND signal ground Not used RTS ready to send CTS clear to send Not used Note CTS and RTS are tied together Pins 1 4 and 6 are tied together Table 13 3 PC serial port pinout Signal DB 9 pin number DB 25 pin number DCD data carrier detect RXD receive data TXD transmit data DTR data terminal ready GND signal ground DSR data set ready RTS request to s...

Page 278: ...0 CS0 DS0 LF OP0 RS TB8192 RB8192 OPEN ComOpen FOR RANDOM AS 1 SourceMeter setup commands PRINT 1 RST Reset instrument to default parameters PRINT 1 SENS FUNC RES Select ohms measurement function PRINT 1 SENS RES NPLC 1 Set measurement speed to 1 PLC PRINT 1 SENS RES MODE MAN Select manual ohms mode PRINT 1 SOUR FUNC CURR Select current source function PRINT 1 SOUR CURR 0 01 Set source to output 1...

Page 279: ...ster in the status structure Status Byte and Service Request SRQ Explains how to program the Status Byte to generate service requests SRQs Shows how to use the serial poll sequence to detect SRQs Status Register Sets Provides bit identification and command information for the four status register sets Standard Event Status Operation Event Status Measurement Event Status and Questionable Event Stat...

Page 280: ...ser the RQS MSS bit will set to indicate that an SRQ has occurred Status register sets A typical status register set is made up of a condition register an event register and an event enable register A condition register is a read only register that constantly updates to reflect the present operating conditions of the instrument When an event occurs the appropriate event register bit sets to 1 The ...

Page 281: ...Execution Error Command Error User Request Power On OPC QYE DDE EXE CME URQ PON ESR ESE MSB MSB 15 Always Zero 15 Event Register 15 Event Enable Register Logical OR Condition Register RAV RAV RAV Reading Available 1 1 Cal Cal Calibration Summary 2 2 2 9 9 9 1 1 1 4 4 4 0 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 2 ROF ROF ROF Reading Overflow Buffer Full Warn Command Warning Warn Warn 10 10 ESE Status Enable Standard Event B...

Page 282: ...TATus PRESet To Clear Error Queue CLS STATus QUEue CLEar SYSTem ERRor CLEar Reset all bits of the following event registers to 0 Standard Event Register Operation Event Register Measurement Event Register Questionable Event Register Reset all bits of the following enable registers to 0 Operation Event Enable Register Measurement Event Enable Register Questionable Event Enable Register Clear all me...

Page 283: ...tions of the register Figure 14 2 indicate the binary parameter value For exam ple if you wish to sets bits B4 B3 and B1 the binary value would be 11010 where B4 1 B3 1 B1 1 and all other bits are 0 When you use one of the other formats convert the binary number to its decimal hexadecimal or octal equivalent Binary 11010 Decimal 26 Hexadecimal 1A Octal 32 Note that Figure 14 2 includes the decimal...

Page 284: ...d by using the appropriate query command The following explains how to interpret the returned value response message The actual query commands are covered later in this section Tables 14 3 through 14 7 The response message will be a value that indicates which bits in the register are set That value if not already binary will have to be converted to its binary equivalent For example for a binary va...

Page 285: ...ecimal Hexadecimal format OCTal Octal format BINary Binary format ASCii ESB OSB ESB STB OSB SRE SRE OR B6 RQS B5 B77 B5 B6 Serial Poll Service Request Generation B7 MSS MAV Status Summary Message Read by Serial Poll Read by STB Status Byte Register OSB Operation Summary Bit MSS Master Summary Status RQS Request for Service ESB Event Summary Bit Mav Message Available QSB Questionable Summary Bit EA...

Page 286: ...Error Queue Bit B3 Questionable Summary Bit QSB Set summary bit indicates that an enabled questionable event has occurred Bit B4 Message Available MAV Set summary bit indicates that a response mes sage is present in the Output Queue Bit B5 Event Summary Bit ESB Set summary bit indicates that an enabled stan dard event has occurred Bit B6 Request Service RQS Master Summary Status MSS Set bit indica...

Page 287: ...enerate an SRQ service request In your test program you can periodically read the Status Byte to check if an SRQ has occurred and what caused it If an SRQ occurs the program can for example branch to an appropriate subroutine that will service the request Typically SRQs are managed by the serial poll sequence of the SourceMeter If an SRQ does not occur bit B6 RQS of the Status Byte Register will r...

Page 288: ...Register using the binary format which directly indicates which bits are set The command to select format FORMat SREGister is docu mented in Table 14 2 To determine the exact nature of the error you will have to read the Error Queue Refer to Queues Table 14 3 Status Byte and Service Request Enable Register commands Command Description Default STB SRE NDN or NRf SRE Read Status Byte Register Progra...

Page 289: ...accept new commands This bit only sets in response to the OPC query command See Section 15 for details on OPC and OPC Bit B1 Not used Bit B2 Query Error QYE Set bit indicates that you attempted to read data from an empty Output Queue Bit B3 Device Dependent Error DDE Set bit indicates that an instrument opera tion did not execute properly due to some internal condition DDE B3 QYE B2 B1 OPC B0 EXE ...

Page 290: ...sed Bit B7 Power ON PON Set bit indicates that the SourceMeter has been turned off and turned back on since the last time this register has been read Operation Event Register The used bits of the Operation Event Register shown in Figure 14 5 are described as follows Bit B0 Calibrating Cal Set bit indicates that the SourceMeter is calibrating Bits B1 and B2 Not used Bit B3 Sweeping Swp Set bit indi...

Page 291: ...ry Bit OSB of Status Byte Register Figure 14 3 Stat oper cond Swp B3 B2 B1 Cal B0 B4 Trig B5 Arm B6 B9 B7 Idle B10 B15 B11 Swp B3 B2 B1 Cal B0 B4 Trig B5 Arm B6 B9 B7 Idle B10 B15 B11 Idle In idle state Arm Waiting for arm event Trg Waiting for trigger event Swp Sweeping Cal Calibrating Logical AND OR Logical OR Stat oper stat oper enab NRf stat oper enab Figure 14 5 Operation event status ...

Page 292: ...AV Set bit indicates that a reading was taken and processed Bit B7 Reading Overflow ROF Set bit indicates that the volts or amps reading exceeds the selected measurement range of the SourceMeter Bit B8 Buffer Available BAV Set bit indicates that there are at least two readings in the buffer Bit B9 Buffer Full BFL Set bit indicates that the trace buffer is full Bit B10 Not used Bit B11 Interlock As...

Page 293: ... INT Interlock Asserted BFL Buffer Full BAV Buffer Available ROF Reading Overflow RAV Reading Available LP Limits Pass INT B11 HL3 High Limit 3 LL3 Low Limit 3 HL2 High Limit 2 LL2 Low Limit 2 L1 Limit 1 Logical AND OR Logical OR OVP B13 Comp B14 B15 INT B11 OT B12 OVP B13 Comp B14 B15 INT B11 OT B12 OVP B13 Comp B14 B15 stat meas cond stat meas stat meas enab NRF stat meas enab L1 B0 LL2 B1 HL2 B...

Page 294: ...n register A condition register is a real time read only register that constantly updates to reflect the present operating conditions of the instrument For example while the Source Meter is in the idle state bit B10 Idle of the Operation Condition Register will be set When the instrument is taken out of idle bit B10 clears The commands to read the condition registers are listed in Table 14 5 For d...

Page 295: ...e summary bit of the Status Byte Register The commands to program and read the event enable registers are listed in Table 14 7 For details on programming and reading registers see Programming enable registers and Reading registers NOTE The bits of any enable register can be reset to 0 by sending the 0 parameter value with the appropriate enable command i e STATus OPERation ENABle 0 Table 14 5 Cond...

Page 296: ...us Subsystem Operation Event Enable Register Program enable register See Parameters Read enable register Measurement Event Enable Register Program enable register See Parameters Read enable register Questionable Event Enable Register Program enable register See Parameters Read Measurement Event Enable Register Note Parameters NDN Bxx x Binary format each x 1 or 0 Hx Hexadecimal format x 0 to FFFF ...

Page 297: ...lds error and status messages When an error or status event occurs a message that defines the error status is placed in the Error Queue When a message is placed in the Error Queue the Error Available EAV bit in the Status Byte Register is set An error status message is cleared from the Error Queue when it is read The Error Queue is considered cleared when it is empty An empty Error Queue clears th...

Page 298: ...ows STATus QUEue ENABle Programming example read error queue The following command reads the error queue STAT QUE Table 14 9 Error queue commands Command Description Default STATus QUEue NEXT ENABle list ENABle DISable list DISable CLEar SYSTem ERRor NEXT ALL COUNt CODE NEXT ALL CLEar STATus Subsystem Read Error Queue Read and clear oldest error status code and message Specify error and status mes...

Page 299: ...Summary Lists the IEEE 488 2 common commands used by the SourceMeter Command Reference Provides a detailed reference for all common commands except for those associated with the status structure which are discussed in Section 14 ...

Page 300: ...tus byte query Trigger command Self test query Wait to continue command Clears all event registers and Error Queue 1 Program the Standard Event Enable Register 1 Read the Standard Event Enable Register 1 Read and clear the Standard Event Enable Register 1 Returns the manufacturer model number serial num ber and firmware revision levels of the unit Set the Operation Complete bit in the Standard Eve...

Page 301: ...ut queue When OPC is sent the OPC bit in the Standard Event Register will set after all pending command operations are complete When OPC is sent an ASCII 1 is placed in the Output Queue after all pending command operations are complete Typically either one of these commands is sent after the INITiate command The INITiate command is used to take the instrument out of idle in order to perform measur...

Page 302: ...mand to save the present instrument setup configuration in memory for later recall Any control affected by RST can be saved by the SAV command The RCL command is used to restore the instrument to the saved setup configuration Five setup configu rations can be saved and recalled The SourceMeter ships from the factory with SYSTem PRESet defaults loaded into the available setup memory If a recall err...

Page 303: ...es in Section 17 Cancels all pending commands Cancels response to any previously received OPC and OPC commands TRG trigger Send bus trigger to SourceMeter Use the TRG command to issue a GPIB trigger to the SourceMeter It has the same effect as a group execute trigger GET Use the TRG command as an event to control operation The SourceMeter reacts to this trigger if BUS is the programmed arm control...

Page 304: ...test passed and a value of one 1 indicates that the test failed WAI wait to continue Wait until previous commands are completed Effectively the WAI command is a No Op no operation for the SourceMeter and thus does not need to be used Two types of device commands exist Sequential commands A command whose operations are allowed to finish before the next command is executed Overlapped commands A comm...

Page 305: ... to configure and acquire readings Configuring Measurement Function Provides detailed information on commands to configure the measurement function Acquiring Readings Describes commands to acquire post processed readings both trigger and acquire readings and to perform a single measurement ...

Page 306: ...f measurements See READ When this command is sent the SourceMeter will be configured as follows Select specified function All controls related to the selected function are defaulted to the RST values The event control source of the Trigger Model is set to Immediate The count values of the Trigger Model are set to one The Delay of the Trigger Model is set to zero All math calculations are disabled ...

Page 307: ...ot be executed until the SourceMeter goes back into idle The readings that are acquired depend on which data elements are selected Section 17 FORMat subsystem Data elements and what the instrument is presently programmed to source measure Measure readings take priority over source readings and functions not sourced or measured are assigned the NAN not a number value of 9 91e37 For example assume t...

Page 308: ...nstrument out of idle After all source measure operations are completed the SourceMeter goes back into idle at which time the FETCh command is executed The read ings are sent to the computer and displayed when the SourceMeter is addressed to talk Note that if auto output off is disabled SOURce1 CLEar AUTO OFF then the output must be turned on before you can perform a READ The output will then rema...

Page 309: ...es into a one shot mea surement mode See CONFigure function for more details When READ is executed its operations will then be performed In gen eral another ABORt is performed then an INITiate and finally a FETCh to acquire the readings See READ for more details When MEASure is sent the source turns on and a single measurement is performed If auto output off is enabled SOURce1 CLEar AUTO ON then t...

Page 310: ...16 6 SCPI Signal Oriented Measurement Commands ...

Page 311: ...17 SCPICommandReference Reference Tables Summarizes each SCPI command subsystem SCPI Subsystems Provides detailed information on all commands in each SCPI subsystem ...

Page 312: ...e the short form version for each command word Default Parameter Listed parameters are both the RST and SYSTem PRESet defaults unless noted otherwise Parameter notes are located at the end of each table SCPI A checkmark indicates that the command and its parameters are SCPI con firmed An unmarked command indicates that it is a SCPI command but does not conform to the SCPI standard set of commands ...

Page 313: ...ion form command Path to delete user defined expressions Delete specified expression Delete all user defined expressions Define units name for math expression 3 ASCII characters Query math expression units name Enable or disable math expression Query state of math expression Path to CALC1 data Return only most recent math result Read result of math expression Subsystem to control CALC2 Select inpu...

Page 314: ...tern 1 Configure lower limit Specify lower limit 9 999999e20 to 9 999999e20 Query lower limit Specify output fail pattern for grading mode 0 to 7 3 bit 0 to 15 4 bit 2 Query fail bit pattern 1 Path to specify pass pattern for sorting mode Specify output pass pattern 0 to 7 3 bit 0 to 15 4 bit 2 Query pass bit pattern 1 Enable or disable Limit 2 test Query state of Limit 2 test Return result of Lim...

Page 315: ...uery state of Limit 3 test Return result of Limit 3 test 0 pass or 1 fail Path to control LIMIT 5 to LIMIT 12 tests see Note Configure upper limit Specify upper limit 9 999999e20 to 9 999999e20 Query upper limit Specify output fail pattern for grading mode 0 to 7 3 bit 0 to 15 4 bit 2 Query fail bit pattern 1 1 15 or 7 15 or 7 OFF 1 15 or 7 1The format ASCII hexadecimal octal or binary for the ret...

Page 316: ...o send binning info to handler A limit test is performed IMMediate or after a sweep list or memory sequence END Query binning control Set how limit results control Digital I O lines GRADing or SORTing Query limit results control of Digital I O lines Clear test results Clear latest limit test result and reset Digital I O port back to SOURce2 TTL settings Enable or disable clearing of test results w...

Page 317: ...rn 1 Specify next FAIL Source Memory Location NEXT location or 1 to 100 Query FAIL memory location Subsystem to control CALC3 Specify math format MEAN SDEViation MAXimum MINimum or PKPK Query math format Read math result of CALC3 15 or 7 NEXT MEAN 1The format ASCII hexadecimal octal or binary for the returned value is set by FORMat SOURce2 name 2Default based on present digital output size SOURce2...

Page 318: ...racters blinking 1 or not blinking 0 Path to locate message to bottom display Control user test message Define ASCII message a up to 32 characters Query text message Enable or disable message mode Query text message state Query data on bottom portion of display Query attributes of message characters blinking 1 or not blinking 0 Specify display resolution 4 to 7 Query display resolution Note 1 Note...

Page 319: ...ents VOLTage CURRent RESistance TIME and STATus Query data format elements Specify CALC data elements CALC TIME or STATus Query CALC data elements Specify SOURce2 data format ASCii HEXadecimal OCTal or BIN Query SOURce2 data format ASCii ASCii Note All CALC ASCii Note Byte order RST default is NORMal SYSTem PRESet default is SWAPped Table 17 4 OUTPut command summary Command Description Default par...

Page 320: ...ge DC CURRent DC or RESistance Enable all functions concurrent enabled or enable ohms function concurrent disabled Query number of functions that are enabled Returns list of functions that are enabled Specify functions to disable VOLTage DC CURRent DC or RESistance Disable all measurement functions Query number of functions that are disabled Returns list of functions that are disabled Query state ...

Page 321: ... volts Configure measurement range Select range by specifying the expected voltage reading 0 to 210 Query range Enable or disable auto range Query auto range Returns V compliance range Set auto range lower limit 21 to 21 Query auto range lower limit Specify integration rate in line cycles 0 01 to 10 Query integration rate Path to configure voltage compliance Specify voltage limit for I Source 210 ...

Page 322: ... moving and repeat filters Enable or disable auto filter Query state of auto filter Specify moving filter count 1 to 100 Query moving filter count Enable or disable moving filter Query state of moving filter Configure the advanced filter Set filter noise window in 0 to 105 Query filter noise window setting Enable or disable advanced filter Query state of advanced filter Confifgure the repeat filte...

Page 323: ...source selection Specify settling time in sec 0 to 9999 999 Enable or disable auto settling time Query state of auto settling time Query source settling time Path to configure I Source Select I Source mode FIXed SWEep or LIST Query I Source mode Select fixed I Source range 0 to 0 105 Enable or disable autoranging Query state of autoranging Query I Source range setting Set I Source level in amps Se...

Page 324: ...o 210e 3 Query center point Path to configure V Source Select V Source mode FIXed SWEep or LIST Query V Source mode Select fixed V Source range 0 to 210 Enable or disable autoranging Query state of autoranging Query V Source range setting Set V Source level in volts Set specified level immediately Specify voltage level 210 to 210 Query voltage level Set specified level when triggered Specify volta...

Page 325: ...pan Specify center point 420 to 420 Query center point Set first sweep point soak time 0 00000 to 9999 999s Query soak time Configure SWEep source mode Select sweep spacing type LINear or LOGarithmic Query sweep spacing Specify number of sweep points 2 to 2500 Query number of points in sweep Sweep from start to stop UP or from stop to start DOWN Query sweep direction Select source ranging mode BES...

Page 326: ... to control digital output lines Set Digital I O bit size 3 or 4 3 Query Digital I O bit size Specify digital output pattern 4 Query actual pattern on digital output port Query the programmed output pattern value Set Digital I O mode EOTest or BUSY Query Digital I O line 4 mode Set BUSY and EOT polarity HI or LO Query BUSY and EOT polarity Clear digital output Restore clear to TTL output pattern E...

Page 327: ...error queue Read the most recent error message Specify error and status messages for error queue Read the enabled messages Specify messages not to be placed in error queue Read the disabled messages Clears all messages from error queue Note 1 Note 2 Note 3 Note 2 Note 3 Note 2 Note 3 Note 4 Note 5 Note 5 Notes 1 Commands in this subsystem are not affected by RST and SYSTem PREset The effects of cy...

Page 328: ... and clear all errors codes only Clears messages from error queue Simulate key press 1 to 31 See Figure 17 3 Query the last pressed key Select guard type OHMS or CABLe Query guard type Control beeper Beep at specified frequency 65 to 2e6 Hz for specified time period 0 to 7 9 seconds Enable or disable beeper Query state of beeper Control auto zero and NPLC caching Control auto zero ON OFF or ONCE Q...

Page 329: ...1 Enable disable NDAC hold off OFF SINGle OFF Table 17 9 TRACe command summary Command Description Default parameter SCPI TRACe DATA DATA CLEar FREE POINts NRf ACTual POINts FEED name CONTrol name CONTrol TSTamp FORMat name FORMat Use TRACe or DATA as root command Read the contents of the buffer data store Clear readings from buffer Query bytes available and bytes in use Specify size of buffer 1 t...

Page 330: ...7 Specify control source IMMediate TIMer MANual BUS TLINk NSTest PSTest BSTest Query control source Set timer interval in seconds 0 001 to 99999 99 Query timer interval Enable SOURce or disable ACCeptor bypass Query state of bypass Configure output triggers Select input trigger line 1 2 3 or 4 Query input trigger line Select output trigger line 1 2 3 or 4 Query output trigger line Output TENTer TE...

Page 331: ...e ACCeptor bypass Query state of bypass Configure output triggers Select input trigger line 1 2 3 or 4 Query input trigger line Enable input event detectors SOURce DELay SENSe or NONE Query enabled input event detectors Select output trigger line 1 2 3 or 4 Query output trigger line Output trigger after SOURce DELay SENSe or not NONE at all Query when output trigger is going to occur 1 NONE 2 NONE...

Page 332: ...s for the built in expressions are as follows POWER OFFCOMPOHM VOLTCOEF VARALPHA DEV Thus the CATalog command will return the above names as well as the names of any user defined expressions See NAME to assign names to user defined expressions NAME name CALCulate 1 MATH EXPression NAME name Select math expression Parameters name POWER Instantaneous power equation OFFCOMPOHM Offset compensated ohms...

Page 333: ...ete a named math expres sion that cannot be found 807 Definition not allowed Attempted to define an expression that has not been previously named 808 Expression cannot be deleted Attempted to delete one of the built in math expressions See DELete 809 Source memory location revised Occurs when a SOURce MEMory sweep location references an expression that no longer exists 811 Not an operator or numbe...

Page 334: ...abled See STATe When the math expression is vectored the math result will not be generated until all source measure operations for the vector array are performed Initializing memory SYSTem MEMory INITialize deletes all user defined math expressions and selects the POWER expression Program examples OFFCOMPOHM VOLTCOEF and VARALPHA require two source measure sweep points in order to perform the math...

Page 335: ...C STAT ON OUTPUT ON INIT CALC DATA Varistor alpha RST SENS FUNC OFF ALL SENS FUNC ON VOLT CURR SOUR FUNC MODE CURR SOUR CURR STAR n STOP n MODE SWE TRIG COUN 2 CALC MATH EXPR NAME VARALPHA CALC STAT ON OUTPUT ON INIT CALC DATA Percent Deviation NOTE Percent deviation is not a built in math expression for remote operation This pro gram example creates the following percent deviation PER_DEV calcula...

Page 336: ...f user defined math expression Description This command is used to remove delete the specified user defined math expression from the catalog Once removed that math expression can no longer be selected You can use the CATalog command to verify that the math expression is gone For example if you wish to delete a user defined math expression that is named math1 you would send the following command DE...

Page 337: ...late 1 MATH EXPRession DEFine form Define math formula Parameters form mathematical formula using instrument readings numbers and standard math operator symbols See Description for details Query MATH Query user defined math expression Description Use either of these two commands to define a math formula using measure and source readings numeric constants and standard math operator sym bols After t...

Page 338: ...tion using a reading that is not sourced or measured will be the invalid NAN not a number value of 9 91e37 For example using a current reading in a calculation for Source V Measure V will cause a NAN result Example using Source I Measure V configuration calc math volt curr Calculate power using voltage measurement and I Source value After a calculation is configured and enabled the results are dis...

Page 339: ...rations arm count trigger count is a multiple of the vector array size In the preceding example vector array size is 10 Thus in order to avoid Insufficient vector data errors the programmed number of source measure operations has to be a multiple of 10 10 20 30 40 and so on The following vector math expression to calculate offset compensated ohms demonstrates proper syntax calc math volt 1 volt 0 ...

Page 340: ...culation The largest valid calculation result can be 9 9e37 which defined by SCPI is infinity For scalar math non vectored math this command is used to return calcu lation results for all the programmed source measure points For example if 20 source measure operations were performed this command will return 20 calculation results For vector math this command will only return the calculation result...

Page 341: ...measured current reading RESistance Use measured resistance reading Query FEED Query input path for limit tests Description This command is used to select the input path for the limit tests With CALCulate 1 selected the specified limits will be compared to the result of CALC1 With VOLTage selected limits will be compared to the voltage measurement With CURRent or RESistance selected limits will be...

Page 342: ...l offset Read CALC2 DATA CALCulate2 DATA Read CALC2 Description This command is used to acquire all the readings used for the CALC2 limit tests Note that if null offset is enabled then the CALC2 readings will include the null offset value See Null Feed Reading At least one of the limit tests have to be enabled to a acquire limit test read ings See Configure and control limit tests STATe NOTE See A...

Page 343: ...limit value 9 999999e20 DEFault Set specified lower limit to 1 Set specified upper limit to 1 MINimum Set specified limit to 9 999999e20 MAXimum Set specified limit to 9 999999e20 Query UPPer Query specified upper limit UPPer DEFault Query RST default upper limit UPPer MINimum Query lowest allowable upper limit UPPer MAXimum Query largest allowable upper limit LOWer Query specified lower limit LOW...

Page 344: ...ce value for specified limit Description These commands are used to define the digital output fail patterns for the specified tests 0 to 7 3 bit 0 to 15 4 bit Note that the fail patterns for Limits 2 3 and 5 12 apply only to the grading mode Tests are performed in the following order 1 Limit Test 1 2 Limit Test 2 A Lower Limit 2 B Upper Limit 2 3 Limit Test x where x 3 5 12 in ascending numerical ...

Page 345: ...er See Composite testing BCONtrol for details PASS SOURce2 NRf NDN CALCulate2 LIMitx PASS SOURce2 NRf NDN Set sorting mode pass pattern x 2 3 5 12 Parameters NRf 0 to 7 3 bit Decimal value 0 to 15 4 bit Decimal value NDN 0 to b111 3 bit Binary value 0 to b1111 4 bit Binary value 0 to q7 3 bit Octal value 0 to q17 4 bit Octal value 0 to h7 3 bit Hexadecimal value 0 to hF 4 bit Hexadecimal value OUT...

Page 346: ...tion These commands are used to enable or disable LIMIT 1 LIMIT 2 LIMIT 3 and LIMIT 5 to LIMIT 12 tests Any limit test not enabled is simply not performed When a limit test is enabled the Digital I O port comes under control of limit tests That is the result of the testing process updates the output pat tern on the I O port FAIL CALCulate2 LIMit 1 FAIL Read LIMIT 1 test result CALCulate2 LIMitx FA...

Page 347: ...urs or it can wait until all testing on a device package is completed operation leaves trigger layer See BCONtrol for details For the sorting mode this command defines the 3 bit or 4 bit output pass pattern for the Limit 1 test compliance when Limits 2 3 and 5 12 are disabled NOTE 16 bit I O is available with the 2499 DIGIO option The maximum 16 bit output value is 65535 FAIL SOURce2 NRf NDN CALCu...

Page 348: ...mory location present location 1 in the list regardless of the outcome of the test FAIL or PASS condition Note that branch on FAIL is available only via remote See Section 9 Source memory sweep for more information BCONtrol name CALCulate2 CLIMits BCONtrol name Control Digital I O port pass fail update Parameters name IMMediate Update output when first failure occurs END Update output after sweep ...

Page 349: ...the CALC2 CLIM PASS SOUR2 pattern will be output Other wise the first limit test band that passes will output its LOW SOUR2 pattern UPP SOUR2 patterns will be ignored If LIMIT1 fails its SOUR2 pattern will be output If no LIMIT2 3 5 12 limit passes the CALC2 CLIM FAIL SOUR2 pattern will be output Clear test results IMMediate CALCulate2 CLIMits CLEar IMMediate Clears test results and resets Digital...

Page 350: ... CALC3 result Description This query command is used to perform the selected statistic operation and read the result s The result s is always returned in ASCII format If the buffer is configured to store raw measured readings TRACe FEED SENSe1 and multiple functions were measured the selected statistic opera tion will be performed on all the measured readings For example if voltage and current mea...

Page 351: ...m controls the display of the SourceMeter and is summarized in Table 17 2 Control display DIGits n DISPlay DIGits n Set display resolution Parameters n 4 3 5 digit resolution 5 4 5 digit resolution 6 5 5 digit resolution 7 6 5 digit resolution DEFault 5 5 digit resolution MINimum 3 5 digit resolution MAXimum 6 5 digit resolution Query DIGits Query display resolution DIGits DEFault Query RST defaul...

Page 352: ...ne which characters on the display are blinking and which are not The response message provides that status of each character position for the specified display The primary display consists of 20 characters and the secondary display consists of 32 characters 1 Character is blinking 0 Character is not blinking For example assume the following menu is displayed with the SAVESETUP option blinking MAI...

Page 353: ...pes String aa a or aa a Indefinite Block 0aa a Definite Block XYaa a where Y number of characters in message Up to 20 for top display Up to 32 for bottom display X number of digits that make up Y 1 or 2 Query DATA Query the defined text message Description These commands define text messages for the display A message can be as long as 20 characters for the top display and up to 32 characters for t...

Page 354: ...n be cancelled by sending the SYSTem LOCal command or pressing the LOCAL key FORMat subsystem The commands for this subsystem are used to select the data format for transferring instru ment readings over the bus These commands are summarized in Table 17 3 Data format DATA type length FORMat DATA type length Select data format Parameters type length ASCii ASCII format REAL 32 IEEE754 single precisi...

Page 355: ...IEEE 754 single precision data format Figure 17 2 shows the normal byte order format for each data ele ment For example if three valid elements are specified the data string for each reading conversion is made up of three 4 byte data blocks Note that the data string for each reading conversion is preceded by a 2 byte header that is the binary equivalent of an ASCII sign and 0 Figure 17 2 does not ...

Page 356: ...ions and send the 10 current measurements to the computer using the binary format Bytes 2 10 4 1 43 Data elements ELEMents item list FORMat ELEMents SENSe 1 item list Specify data elements for data string Parameters item list VOLTage Includes voltage reading CURRent Includes current reading RESistance Includes resistance reading TIME Includes timestamp STATus Includes status information NOTE Each ...

Page 357: ...ble for buffer readings Timestamp can be refer enced to the first reading stored in the buffer absolute format which is timestamped at 0 seconds or can provide the time between each reading delta format The TRACe TSTamp FORMat command is used to select the absolute or delta format NOTE Timestamp values are approximate See Section 8 for details STATus A status word is available to provide status in...

Page 358: ...r the grading and sorting modes are covered below See CALC2 CLIM MODE and associated commands in Calculate subsystems Sorting mode status bit values Result Bit 21 20 19 9 8 Meas Event Status1 Limit 1 pass and 2 3 and 5 12 disabled 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 5 LP Limit test 1 fail 0 0 0 0 1 Bit 0 L1 Limit test 2 pass 0 0 0 1 0 Bit 5 LP Limit test 3 pass 0 0 0 1 1 Bit 4 HL3 Limit test 5 pass 0 0 1 0 0 Bit 5 LP L...

Page 359: ...mits pass 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 5 LP Limit test 1 fail 0 0 0 0 1 Bit 0 L1 Hi Limit test 2 fail 1 0 0 1 0 Bit 2 HL2 Lo Limit test 2 fail 0 0 0 1 0 Bit 1 LL2 Hi Limit test 3 fail 1 0 0 1 1 Bit 4 HL3 Lo Limit test 3 fail 0 0 0 1 1 Bit 3 LL3 Hi Limit test 5 fail 1 0 1 0 0 Lo Limit test 5 fail 0 0 1 0 0 Hi Limit test 6 fail 1 0 1 1 0 Lo Limit test 6 fail 0 0 1 1 0 Hi Limit test 7 fail 1 0 1 1 1 Lo Limit test 7...

Page 360: ...list FORMat ELEMents CALCulate item list Set CALC data elements Parameters item list CALC Include CALC1 or CALC2 data TIME Include timestamp STATus Include status information NOTE Each item in the list must be separated by a comma for example CALCulate CALC TIME STAT Query CALCulate Query CALC data element list Description This command allows you to retrieve timestamp and status information with t...

Page 361: ...hen the ASCII format is selected NOTE The SWAPped byte order must be used when transmitting binary data to any IBM PC compatible computer Status register format SREGister name FORMat SREGister name Set data format for reading status registers Parameters name ASCii Decimal format Hexadecimal Hexadecimal format OCTal Octal format BINary Binary format Query SREGister Query format for reading status r...

Page 362: ...phase of the SDM cycle and then turns off after each measurement See SOURce 1 CLEar AUTO in SOURce subsystem NOTE The SOURce CLEar command will also turn the source off Interlock control STATe b OUTPut 1 INTerlock STATe b Control hardware interlock Parameters b 0 or OFF Disable interlock 1 or ON Enable interlock Query STATe Query state of interlock Description This command is used to enable or dis...

Page 363: ...s set to 0 5 full scale of the present current range In the ZERO output off state when the V Source OUTPUT is turned off the V Source is set to 0V and current compliance is not changed When the I Source OUTPUT is turned off the V Source mode is selected and set to 0V Current compliance is set to the programmed Source I value or to 0 5 full scale of the present current range whichever is greater Th...

Page 364: ...ent Query state of concurrent measurements Description This command is used to enable or disable the ability of the instrument to measure more than one function simultaneously When enabled the instru ment will measure the functions that are selected See ON OFF and ALL When disabled only one measurement function can be enabled When mak ing the transition from CONCurrent ON to CONCurrent OFF the vol...

Page 365: ...SENSe 1 FUNCtion ON ALL Enable all measurement functions SENSe 1 FUNCtion OFF ALL Disable all measurement functions Description This command is used to enable or disable all measurement functions When enabled ON ALL amps volts and ohms measurements will be performed simultaneously if concurrent measurements are enabled See CONCurrent If concurrent measurements are disabled only the ohms function w...

Page 366: ... ohms With AUTO ohms selected the SourceMeter will be configured to Source I Measure V when the ohms function is selected The current source value and voltage measurement range used depend on the ohms measurement range that is selected See Section 4 for details on manual and auto ohms RESistance OCOMpensated b SENSe 1 RESistance OCOMpensated b Control offset compensated ohms Parameters b 1 or ON E...

Page 367: ... ohms Parameters n 105e 3 to 105e 3 Expected reading in amps 210 to 210 Expected reading in volts 0 to 2 1e13 Expected reading in ohms with PreAmp 0 to 2 1e7 Expected reading in ohms without PreAmp DEFault 1 05e 4 amps 21 volts 2 1e5 ohms MINimum 105e 3 amps 210 volts 0 ohms MAXimum 105e 3 amps 210 volts 2 1e13 ohms UP Select next higher measurement range DOWN Select next lower measurement range Q...

Page 368: ... lower limit with PreAmp 0 to 2 1e7 Ohms lower limit without PreAmp Query LLIMit Query auto range lower limit Description Auto range lower limits are intended primarily for SYST RCM MULT sup port See SYSTem subsystem The lower limit for all three functions is pro grammable and must be less than or equal to the upper limit If the lower limit is equal to the upper limit auto ranging is effectively d...

Page 369: ...ce The SourceMeter cannot source levels that exceed these specified limits The SENSe CURRent PROTection LIMit command is used to set the current compliance for the V Source and the SENSe VOLTage PROTection LIMit command is used to set the voltage compliance for the I Source NOTE You cannot set compliance less than 0 1 of the present measurement range TRIPped SENSe 1 CURRent DC PROTection TRIPped Q...

Page 370: ...Thus if you set the speed for voltage measurements to 10 PLC then current and resistance will also set to 10 PLC Configure and control filters NOTE Detailed information on the repeat median and moving filters are provided in Sec tion 6 Filters AUTO b SENSe 1 AVERage AUTO b Enable disable auto filter Parameters b 0 or OFF Disable auto filter 1 or ON Enable auto filter Query AUTO Query state of auto...

Page 371: ...e b SENSe 1 AVERage REPeat STATe b Enable disable repeat filter Parameters b 0 or OFF Disable repeat filter 1 or ON Enable repeat filter Query STATe Query state of repeat filter Description This command is used to enable or disable the repeat filter When enabled voltage current and resistance readings are filtered according to how the repeat filter is configured When disabled the repeat filter sta...

Page 372: ...m Query the lowest allowable filter count COUNt MAXimum Query the largest allowable filter count Description This command is used to specify the moving filter count In general the fil ter count is the number of readings that are stored in the moving filter buffer for the averaging calculation After the buffer fills with readings a new reading goes into the buffer and the oldest reading is discarde...

Page 373: ...noise window If readings are within the noise window the moving filter operates normally If however a reading falls outside the window the buffer is flushed of old readings and filled with the new reading ADVanced STATe b SENSe 1 AVERage ADVanced STATe b Enable disable advanced filter Parameters b 0 or OFF Disable advanced filter 1 or ON Enable advanced filter Query STATe Query state of advanced f...

Page 374: ...AUTO b Control auto output off Parameters b 1 or ON Enable auto output off 0 or OFF Disable auto output off Query AUTO Query state of auto output off Description This command is used to control auto output off for the source With auto output off enabled an INITiate or READ or MEASure will start source measure operation The output will turn on at the beginning of each SDM source delay measure cycle...

Page 375: ...ing mode for V Source Parameters name FIXed Select fixed sourcing mode LIST Select list sourcing mode SWEep Select sweep sourcing mode Query MODE Query DC sourcing mode Description This command is used to select the DC sourcing mode for the specified source The three modes are explained as follows FIXed In this DC sourcing mode the specified source will output a fixed level Use the RANGe and AMPLi...

Page 376: ...uery lowest source range RANGe MAXimum Query highest source range Description This command is used to manually select the range for the specified source Range is selected by specifying the approximate source magnitude that you will be using The instrument will then go to the lowest range that can accommodate that level For example if you expect to source levels around 3V send the following command...

Page 377: ...ce IMMediate AMPLitude n SOURce 1 CURRent LEVel IMMediate AMPLitude n Set fixed I Source amplitude immediately SOURce 1 VOLTage LEVel IMMediate AMPLitude n Set fixed V Source amplitude immediately Parameters n 105e 3 to 105e 3 Set I Source amplitude amps 210 to 210 Set V Source amplitude volts DEFault 0A or 0V MINimum 105e 3A or 210V MAXimum 105e 3A or 210V Query CURRent Query programmed amplitude...

Page 378: ...0 to 210 Set V Source amplitude volts DEFault 0A or 0V MINimum 105e 3A or 210V MAXimum 105e 3A or 210V Query TRIGgered Query triggered amplitude for fixed source TRIGgered DEFault Query RST default amplitude TRIGgered MINimum Query lowest allowable amplitude TRIGgered MAXimum Query highest allowable amplitude Description This command performs the same as the IMMediate AMPLitude com mand except tha...

Page 379: ...to this is a parameter value that exceeds 160V Exceeding this value allows the V Source to output its maximum voltage The OVP limit is also enforced when in the I Source Mode The limit parameter values are magnitudes and are in effect for both positive and negative output voltage You can express the limit as a positive or nega tive value If you specify a value that is less than the lowest limit th...

Page 380: ...ay is the same for both the I Source and V Source Do not confuse this source delay with the trigger delay The source delay is part of the device action SDM cycle while the trigger delay occurs before the device action See Section 10 Trigger model for more information Auto delay can instead be used to automatically set the source delay See the next command AUTO b SOURce 1 DELay AUTO b Enable disabl...

Page 381: ... ranging mode Description This command is used to select the source ranging mode for sweeps With BEST selected the SourceMeter will select a single fixed source range that will accommodate all the source levels in the sweep For front panel opera tion this is the BEST FIXED option With AUTO selected the SourceMeter will automatically go to the most sensitive source range for each source level in th...

Page 382: ...evel Description These commands are used to specify the start and stop levels for a sweep If using a fixed manual source range the sweep will be performed using a source range that will accommodate all source values Best Fixed Range You can use source auto range if sweeping through one or more source ranges When the sweep is started the source will output the specified start level and after the de...

Page 383: ...eep SPAN DEFault Query RST default level SPAN MINimum Query lowest allowable level SPAN MAXimum Query highest allowable level Description A sweep can be configured by specifying center and span parameters By specifying a center point you can sweep through the operating point of a device The span determines the sweep width with the operating point at the center of the sweep For example assume you a...

Page 384: ...top level A measurement is performed at each source step including the start and stop levels NOTE This command cannot be used for a logarithmic sweep Use the POints command to set the source measure points for a log sweep To avoid a setting conflicts error make sure the step size is greater than the start value and less than the stop value The number of source measure points in a linear sweep can ...

Page 385: ...ize Stop Start Points 1 Step Size Span Points 1 Step size for a logarithmic sweep can be calculated as follows An alternate way to set the source measure points in a sweep is to specify the step size using the STEP command Note that the POINts and STEP commands are coupled Changing the number of source measure points also changes the step size Conversely changing the step size changes the number o...

Page 386: ...o range for source values that are not within a single range NOTE In order to execute a source list the selected source must be in the list sourcing mode and the product of the arm and trigger count should be at least the same as the number of source points in the list Use the FUNCtion MODE command to select the current or voltage source function See Select function mode Use the CURRent MODE or VO...

Page 387: ...a tions for a memory sweep are initialized to the present setup configuration of the SourceMeter with CALC 1 disabled User defined math expressions are replaced with the Power math expression Error 809 Source memory location revised occurs when a memory sweep refer ences an expression that no longer exists The memory sweep is revised to disable CALC1 In order to execute a memory sweep the product ...

Page 388: ...late2 FEED CALCulate2 NULL OFFSet CALCulate2 NULL STATe CALCulate2 LIMit 1 STATe CALCulate2 LIMit 1 COMPliance FAIL CALCulate2 LIMit 1 COMPliance SOURce2 CALCulate2 LIMitX STATe CALCulate2 LIMitX UPPer DATA CALCulate2 LIMitX UPPer SOURce2 CALCulate2 LIMitX LOWer DATA CALCulate2 LIMitX LOWer SOURce2 CALCulate2 LIMitX PASS SOUR where X 2 3 and 5 through 12 CALCulate2 CLIMits PASS SOURce2 CALCulate2 ...

Page 389: ...e MEMory RECall NRf Return to specified setup Parameters NRf 1 to 100 Specify memory location Description This command is used to return the SourceMeter to the setup stored at the specified memory location Set scaling factor TRIGgered SFACtor n SOURce 1 CURRent LEVel TRIGgered SFACtor n Set current scaling factor SOURce 1 VOLTage LEVel TRIGgered SFACtor n Set voltage scaling factor Parameters n 99...

Page 390: ...aling NOTE These commands work only with source memory sweeps Sweep and list program examples Linear voltage sweep Linear voltage sweep from 1V to 10V in 1V increments RST SOUR FUNC MODE VOLT SOUR SWE SPAC LIN SOUR VOLT STAR 1 0 SOUR VOLT STOP 10 0 SOUR VOLT STEP 1 0 SOUR SWE POIN returns 10 TRIG COUN 10 SOUR VOLT MODE SWE OUTP ON INIT Voltage list The previous Linear Voltage Sweep can instead be ...

Page 391: ...w add the LogStep value to Log10 Start and to each subsequent result This will create a list of Log10 Values Next take the anti log of each Log10 Value to get the actual sweep values Value Log10 Value Sweep Value 1 3 000000 0 001000 2 2 894737 0 001274 3 2 789474 0 001623 4 2 684211 0 002069 5 2 578948 0 002637 6 2 473685 0 003360 7 2 368422 0 004281 8 2 263159 0 005456 9 2 157896 0 006952 10 2 05...

Page 392: ...K specifies the amount of time after the first point of a sweep that the unit will sit in a loop actively autoranging up and down to allow a multiple SourceMeter configuration to settle See SYSTem subsystem This process will be done only once per INIT READ or MEAS command The soak time is especially useful for low current measurements when multiple down range changes from the higher ranges are req...

Page 393: ...roximately 5V When set low the output line will be at 0V Use the following table to determine the parameter value for the desired decimal digital output pattern ACTual SOURce2 TTL LEVel ACTual Query bit pattern on digital output port Description This query command is used to read the bit pattern that is actually on the digital output port OUT 4 OUT 3 OUT 2 OUT 1 Decimal value L L L L L L L L H H H...

Page 394: ...e polarity of the EOT or BUSY signal in the 3 bit mode BSIZe n SOURce2 BSIZe n Set Digital I O bit size Parameters n 3 Set 3 bit size 4 Set 4 bit size 16 Set 16 bit size 2499 DIGIO option Query BSIZe Query Digital I O port bit size Description This command sets the Digital I O bit size to 3 or 4 In the 3 bit mode Dig ital I O line 4 becomes EOT EOT BUSY or BUSY based on the SOUR2 TTL4 MODE and SOU...

Page 395: ...d Section 11 for details on limit tests DELay n SOURce2 CLEar AUTO DELay n Set delay for auto clear Parameters n 0 to 60 Specify delay in seconds DEFault 100µsec delay MINimum 0 sec MAXimum 60 sec Query DELay Query delay DELay DEFault Query RST default delay DELay MINimum Query lowest allowable delay DELay MAXimum Query maximum allowable delay Description This command is used to set the delay for ...

Page 396: ...g the SourceMe ter to talk a value is sent to the computer This value indicates which bits in the appropriate register are set Program event enable registers ENABle NDN or NRf STATus MEASurement ENABle NDN or NRf Program Measurement Event Enable Register STATus QUEStionable ENABle NDN or NRf Program Questionable Event Enable Register STATus OPERation ENABle NDN or NRf Program Operation Event Enabl...

Page 397: ...event registers are cleared to zero 0 1 Operation Event Enable Register 2 Event Enable Register 3 Measurement Event Enable Register NOTE The Standard Event Register is not affected by this command Error queue NEXT STATus QUEue NEXT Read Error Queue Description As error and status messages occur they are placed into the Error Queue This query command is used to read those messages See Appendix B fo...

Page 398: ...cify which messages you want enabled Messages not specified will be disabled and prevented from enter ing the queue DISable list STATus QUEue DISable list Disable messages for Error Queue Parameters list numlist where numlist is a specified list of messages that you wish to disable for the Error Queue Query DISable Query list of disabled messages Description On power up all error messages are enab...

Page 399: ...AV0 Power up to setup stored at memory location 0 SAV1 Power up to setup stored at memory location 1 SAV2 Power up to setup stored at memory location 2 SAV3 Power up to setup stored at memory location 3 SAV4 Power up to setup stored at memory location 4 Query POSetup Query power on setup Description This command is used to select the power on defaults With RST selected the instrument powers up to ...

Page 400: ...ection 2 for details on guarding Initialize memory INITialize SYSTem MEMory INITialize Initializes battery backed RAM Description When this command is used the following actions to initialize battery backed RAM occur TRACe data store data is lost buffer size is reset to 100 and timestamp is set to the absolute format SOURce1 LIST CURR and VOLT are reset to 0A and 0V respectively Deletes all user d...

Page 401: ...Tem BEEPer 500 1 Beep at 500Hz for 1 second The correlation between the duration and frequency of the beep is expressed as follows Maximum Time 512 Frequency For example at a frequency of 512Hz the maximum beep time is one sec ond You can set the time greater than one 1 second but it will only beep for one second Note that in order to use this command the beeper must be enabled See the next comman...

Page 402: ...ameters b 1 or ON Enable NPLC caching 0 or OFF Disable NPLC caching Query STATe Query state of NPLC caching NPLCycles Return list of NPLC values stored in cache from oldest to newest Description NPLC caching speeds up source memory sweeps by caching A D reference and zero values When SYST AZER CACH is enabled the A D reference and zero values will be saved for up to the 10 most recent SENSe 1 VOLT...

Page 403: ...become erroneous To minimize drift when using NPLC caching with auto zero disabled periodically send SYST AZER ONCE to force an immediate auto zero update Select power line frequency setting LFRequency freq SYSTem LFRequency freq Select line frequency Parameters freq 50 50Hz or 400Hz setting 60 60Hz setting Query LFRequency Query line frequency selection Description Use this command to manually se...

Page 404: ...rror Queue are sent to the computer when the SourceMe ter is addressed to talk All messages are removed from the queue COUNt SYSTem ERRor COUNt Return the number of errors Description After sending this command and addressing the SourceMeter to talk a deci mal number will be sent to the computer That is the number of messages in the Error Queue CODE NEXT SYSTem ERRor CODE NEXT Read oldest error co...

Page 405: ... arrow key 18 ENTER key 19 I SOURCE key 20 TRIG key 21 RECALL key 22 I MEAS key 23 LOCAL key 24 ON OFF key 25 26 SOURCE up arrow key 27 SWEEP key 28 CONFIG key 29 Ω key 30 REL key 31 DIGITS key Query KEY Query last pressed key Description This command is used to simulate front panel key presses For example to select the voltage measurement function V you can send the following command to simulate ...

Page 406: ...sion of the SCPI standard 6430 SUB FEMTOAMP SourceMeter OUTPUT EDIT TOGGLE POWER RANGE DISPLAY ON OFF AUTO RANGE 1 2 8 26 19 12 5 29 22 15 16 23 31 7 30 6 14 21 13 20 28 4 27 3 11 18 10 17 9 24 Parameters NRf 1 RANGE up arrow key 2 SOURCE down arrow key 3 left arrow key 4 MENU key 5 FCTN key 6 FILTER key 7 SPEED key 8 EDIT key 9 AUTO key 10 right arrow key 11 EXIT key 12 V SOURCE key 13 LIMITS key...

Page 407: ... if local lockout is asserted See RWLock Note that this command can only be sent over the RS 232 interface RWLock b SYSTem RWLock b Disable or enable front panel keys Parameters b 0 or OFF Disable local lockout 1 or ON Enable local lockout Query RWLock Query state of local lockout Description This command is used to enable or disable local lockout When enabled the front panel keys are locked out n...

Page 408: ...ed for use with READ INIT when tak ing more than one reading Auto range change mode RCMode name SYSTem RCMode name Control auto range change mode Parameters name SINGle Single mode MULTiple Multiple mode Query RCMode Query auto range change mode Description This command controls the auto range change mode In the SINGle mode the SourceMeter will auto range only after first taking a reading In the M...

Page 409: ...eadings over the bus is controlled from the FORMat subsystem NOTE See Appendix C for a detailed explanation on how data flows through the various operation blocks of the SourceMeter It clarifies the types of readings that are acquired by the various commands to read data CLEar TRACe CLEar Clear buffer Description This action command is used to clear the buffer of readings If you do not clear the b...

Page 410: ...r sending this command and addressing the unit to talk the number of readings stored in the buffer will be sent to the computer FEED name TRACe FEED name Specify readings source Parameters name SENSe 1 Put raw readings in buffer CALCulate 1 Put Calc1 readings in buffer CALCulate2 Put Calc2 readings in buffer Query FEED Query buffer feed Description This command is used to select the source of read...

Page 411: ...fer stores the specified number of reading arrays as set by the POINTs command the asterisk annuciator turns off to indicate that stor age is done With NEVer selected storage into the buffer is disabled Select timestamp format FORMat name TRACe TSTamp FORMat name Select timestamp format Parameters name ABSolute Reference to first buffer reading DELTa Time between buffer readings Query FORMat Query...

Page 412: ...ore sending an initiate command See INITiate command Initiate source measure cycle INITiate INITiate IMMediate Take SourceMeter out of idle state Description This command is used to initiate source measure operation by taking the SourceMeter out of idle The READ and MEASure commands also per form an initiation Note that if auto output off is disabled SOURce1 CLEar AUTO OFF the source output must f...

Page 413: ...able count COUNt MAXimum Queries largest allowable count Description This command is used to specify how many times an operation is performed in the specified layer of the trigger model For example assume the arm count is set to 2 and the trigger counter is set to 10 the SourceMeter is configured to perform 10 source measure opera tions twice for a total of 20 source measure operations The product...

Page 414: ...as event MANual Select manual event BUS Select bus trigger as event NSTest Select low SOT pulse as event PSTest Select high SOT pulse as event BSTest Select high or low SOT pulse as event NOTE Only IMMediate and TLINk are available as trigger layer control sources Query SOURce Query programmed control source Description These commands are used to select the event control source With IMMedi ate sel...

Page 415: ...ted control source DIRection name ARM SEQuence 1 LAYer 1 TCONfigure DIRection name Control arm bypass TRIGger SEQuence 1 TCONfigure DIRection name Control trigger bypass Parameters name SOURce Enable control source bypass ACCeptor Disable control source bypass Query DIRection Query state of bypass Description This command is used to enable SOURce or disable ACCeptor control source bypass When enab...

Page 416: ...tectors the NONE parameter must be sent alone i e trigger input none If it is listed with any of the other parameters NONE will be ignored ILINe NRf ARM SEQuence 1 LAYer 1 TCONfigure ILINe NRf Select input line arm layer TRIGger SEQuence 1 TCONfigure ILINe NRf Select input line trigger layer Parameters NRf 1 Line 1 2 Line 2 3 Line 3 4 Line 4 Query ILINe Query input trigger line Description This co...

Page 417: ...n the specified output trigger line of the Trigger Link OLINe Arm Layer Triggers With TEXit selected an output trigger will occur when exiting the trigger layer With TENTer selected an output trigger will occur when entering the trigger layer With NONE selected the arm layer output trigger is disabled Trigger Layer Triggers You can specify from one to all three events Each event in the list must b...

Page 418: ...17 108 SCPI Command Reference ...

Page 419: ... verification reading limits are calculated Performing the Verification Test Procedures Details restoring factory defaults and setting ranges and output values Compliance Considerations Discusses the types of compliance and how to take the unit out of compliance Mainframe Verification Covers the procedures necessary to verify accuracy of the mainframe alone without the Remote PreAmp Remote Preamp ...

Page 420: ...ons when working with hazardous voltages The Remote PreAmp connectors carry hazardous voltage To prevent risk of electric shock connectors must be fully mated or safety covers must be placed over the open connectors Proper installation requires that the oper ator is protected from exposed voltages by insulation or barriers NOTE If the instrument is still under warranty and its performance is outsi...

Page 421: ...d as those listed in Table 18 1 Keep in mind however that test equipment uncertainty will add to the uncertainty of each mea surement Generally test equipment uncertainty should be at least four times better than corre sponding Model 6430 specifications Table 18 1 also lists the specifications of the recommended test equipment NOTE Model 5156 Electrometer Calibration Standard uncertainty is less t...

Page 422: ...ppm 30ppm Electrometer Calibration Standard2 Keithley 5156 Resistance 100MΩ 1GΩ 10GΩ 100GΩ 200ppm 300ppm 400ppm 500ppm Precision Resistors3 Any suitable Resistance 1TΩ 10TΩ 2 000ppm 5 000ppm Coax Cables 2 Shielded Cables 2 Triax BNC Adapters Triax triax Adapters Keithley 4801 Keithley CA 18 1 Keithley 7078 TRX GND Low noise Dual banana Male female Male male 190 day full scale DMM accuracy specific...

Page 423: ...s and most reading limits do not include test equipment uncertainty However 1pA 100nA and 2GΩ 200GΩ range limits do include the uncertainty of the Model 5156 Electrometer Calibration Standard If a particular measurement falls outside the allowable range recalculate new limits based both on Model 6430 specifica tions and corresponding test equipment specifications Example limits calculation As an e...

Page 424: ...limits given in this section for the 1pA 100nA and 2GΩ 200GΩ ranges include the characterization accuracy of the Model 5156 Electrometer Calibration Standard Reading limits for these ranges are calculated as indicated above except that they also take into account Model 5156 uncertainty For example using the 1GΩ Model 5156 resistor to test the Model 6430 2GΩ range we have Model 6430 normal accuracy...

Page 425: ...is properly warmed up and connected to the Model 6430 jacks Set the Model 6430 to the correct source range See below Be sure that the Model 6430 output is turned on before making measurements Be sure the test equipment is set up for the proper function and range Allow the Model 6430 output signal to settle before making a measurement Do not connect test equipment to the Model 6430 through a scanne...

Page 426: ...e required value using either The SOURCE and and and keys The numeric keys 5 Note that the source output value will be updated immediately you need not press ENTER when setting the source value Setting the measurement range When simultaneously sourcing and measuring either voltage or current the measure range is coupled to the source range and you cannot independently control the measure range Thu...

Page 427: ... the maximum measurement range reading not the compliance value For example if the com pliance voltage is set to 1V and the measurement range is 200mV the output voltage will clamp limit at 210mV Maximum compliance values The maximum compliance values for the measurement ranges are summarized in Table 18 2 When the unit goes into compliance the Cmpl label or the units label i e mA for the complian...

Page 428: ...ncreasing the compliance limit NOTE Do not take the unit out of compliance by decreasing the source value or changing the range Always use the recommended range and source settings when performing the verification tests Mainframe verification Follow the procedures below to verify accuracy of the Model 6430 mainframe without the Remote PreAmp See Remote PreAmp verification later in this section for...

Page 429: ... 000mV 002 00000V 020 0000V 200 000V 199 360 to 200 640mV 1 99900 to 2 00100V 19 9936 to 20 0064V 199 936 to 200 064V Model 6430 Digital Multimeter Input HI Input LO WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH...

Page 430: ...utput voltage to the indicated value as measured by the digital multimeter Verify that the Model 6430 voltage reading is within the limits given in the table NOTE It may not be possible to set the voltage source to the specified value Use the closest possible setting and modify reading limits accordingly 5 Repeat the procedure for negative source voltages with the same magnitudes as those listed i...

Page 431: ...30 output current setting Output current limits 1 year 18 28 C 1µA 10µA 100µA 1mA 10mA 100mA 1 00000µA 10 0000µA 100 000µA 1 00000mA 10 0000mA 100 000mA 0 99905 to 1 00095µA 9 9947 to 10 0053µA 99 949 to 100 051µA 0 99946 to 1 00054mA 9 9935 to 10 0065mA 99 914 to 100 086mA Model 6430 Digital Multimeter Input LO Amps WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY...

Page 432: ... 18 6 For each measurement Select the correct source range Set the Model 6430 source output to the correct value as measured by the digital multimeter Verify that the Model 6430 current reading is within the limits given in the table NOTE It may not be possible to set the current source to the specified value Use the closest possible setting and modify reading limits accordingly 5 Repeat the proce...

Page 433: ...ould be recalculated using the additional uncertainty when using MANUAL ohms See the specifications in Appendix A for details 1 With the power off connect the resistance calibrator to the Model 6430 INPUT OUTPUT and 4 WIRE SENSE jacks as shown in Figure 18 4 Be sure to use the 4 wire connections as shown Model 6430 Output LO Resistance Calibrator Output HI Sense HI Sense LO WARNING NO INTERNAL OPE...

Page 434: ...nt range with the RANGE keys Verify that the Model 6430 resistance reading is within the limits given in the table Table 18 7 Mainframe resistance measurement accuracy limits Model 6430 range Calibrator resistance1 Model 6430 resistance reading limits2 1 year 18 28 C 20Ω 200Ω 2kΩ 20kΩ 200kΩ 2MΩ 20MΩ 19Ω 190Ω 1 9kΩ 19kΩ 190kΩ 1 9MΩ 19MΩ 18 9784 to 19 0216Ω 189 824 to 190 176Ω 1 89845 to 1 90155kΩ 1...

Page 435: ...frame DO NOT leave the PreAmp cable connected to the mainframe if the other end is not connected to the Remote PreAmp ALWAYS re install the plastic safety cover onto the mainframe PreAmp connector whenever the Remote PreAmp is not being used Use the supplied PreAmp cable to connect the Remote PreAmp to the mainframe as follows 1 From the front panel of the SourceMeter turn the POWER off 2 Connect ...

Page 436: ...d on Model 6430 Digital Multimeter Input HI Input LO WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING...

Page 437: ...t the IN OUT HIGH jack to the DMM INPUT HI and LO jacks using the adapters and coax cable as shown 2 Select the SourceMeter 10µA measurement range 3 Select the multimeter DC volts function 4 Set the Model 6430 to both source and measure voltage by pressing the SOURCE V and MEAS V keys and make sure the source output is turned on 5 Verify output voltage accuracy for each of the voltages listed in T...

Page 438: ...d to DMM INPUT LO 2 Select the multimeter DC current measuring function 3 Press the Model 6430 SOURCE I key to source current and make sure the source out put is turned on 4 Verify output current accuracy for the currents listed in Table 18 10 For each test point Select the correct source range Set the Model 6430 output current to the correct value Verify that the multimeter reading is within the ...

Page 439: ...PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING MADE IN U S A INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE RATING 100 240VAC 50 60 HZ 100VA MAX RS232 IEEE 488 ENTER IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU 250V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PK V Ω GUARD GUARD SENSE LINE FUS...

Page 440: ...N FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING MADE IN U S A INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE RATING 100 240VAC 50 60 HZ 100VA MAX RS232 IEEE 488 ENTER IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU 250V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PK V Ω GUARD GUAR...

Page 441: ...mits given in the table 5 Repeat the procedure for negative output currents with the same magnitudes as those listed in Table 18 11 Table 18 11 Remote PreAmp 1pA 100nA range output current accuracy limits Model 6430 source range Standard resistor1 Model 6430 output current setting Output current limits 1 year 18 28 C 2 1pA 10pA 100pA 1nA 10nA 100nA 100GΩ 100GΩ 10GΩ 1GΩ 1GΩ 100MΩ 1 00000pA 10 0000p...

Page 442: ...accuracy for the currents listed in Table 18 12 For each measurement Select the correct source range Set the Model 6430 source output to the correct value as measured by the digital multimeter Verify that the Model 6430 current reading is within the limits given in the table NOTE It may not be possible to set the current source to the specified value Use the closest possible setting and modify rea...

Page 443: ...the DMM reading and actual standard resistance I V R Set the Model 6430 source output to the calculated current Verify that the Model 6430 current reading is within the limits given in the table NOTE It may not be possible to set the current source to the specified value Use the closest possible setting and modify reading limits accordingly 5 Repeat the procedure for negative currents with the sam...

Page 444: ... handle the default test currents for those ranges 100mA and 10mA for the 20Ω and 200Ω ranges respectively If not use the Model 6430 MANUAL ohms mode and set the test current to the max imum safe calibrator current Note that Model 6430 measurement accu racy is reduced and reading limits should be recalculated using the additional uncertainty when using MANUAL ohms See the specifications in Appendi...

Page 445: ...UTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE RATING 100 240VAC 50 60 HZ 100VA MAX RS232 IEEE 488 ENTER IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU 250V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PK V Ω GUARD GUARD SENSE LINE FUSE SLOWBLOW 2 5A 250V INTERLOCK DIGITAL I O REMOTE PreAmp Remote PreAmp Mainframe PreAmp Cable IN OUT HIGH Jack Triax to BNC Adapters Coax Cable Dual Banana to BNC Adapters 250 PEAK 40...

Page 446: ...x adapters Also be sure to remove the link between Model 5156 SHIELD and CHASSIS and connect the BNC shorting cap to the resistance cap being used Table 18 14 Remote PreAmp 20Ω 200MΩ range measurement accuracy limits Model 6430 range Calibrator resistance1 Model 6430 resistance reading limits2 1 year 18 28 C 20Ω 200Ω 2kΩ 20kΩ 200kΩ 2MΩ 20MΩ 200MΩ 19Ω 190Ω 1 9kΩ 19kΩ 190kΩ 1 9MΩ 19MΩ 100MΩ 18 9784 ...

Page 447: ...ICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING MADE IN U S A INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE RATING 100 240VAC 50 60 HZ 100VA MAX RS232 IEEE 488 ENTER IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PA...

Page 448: ...el 5156 nominal values Limits include Model 5156 characterization accuracy Model 6430 WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLA...

Page 449: ...re the source out put is turned on 4 Verify ohms measurement accuracy for each of the resistance values listed in Table 18 16 For each measurement Connect the correct standard resistance directly to the IN OUT HIGH jack Select the appropriate ohms measurement range with the RANGE keys Verify that the Model 6430 resistance reading is within the limits given in the table Table 18 16 Remote PreAmp 2T...

Page 450: ...18 32 Performance Verification ...

Page 451: ...uip ment required for calibration Unlocking Calibration Gives the procedure for unlocking calibration and lists cali bration unlocked states Mainframe Calibration Includes procedures to calibrate the Model 6430 main frame without the Remote PreAmp Remote PreAmp Calibration Outlines procedures to calibrate the mainframe and Remote PreAmp together as a unit Changing the Password Details how to chang...

Page 452: ...llation requires that the oper ator is protected from exposed voltages by insulation or barriers Environmental conditions Temperature and relative humidity Conduct the calibration procedures at an ambient temperature of 18 28 C 65 82 F with relative humidity of less than 60 unless otherwise noted Warm up period Allow the Model 6430 to warm up for at least one hour before performing calibration If ...

Page 453: ...error message WARNING The maximum common mode voltage voltage between mainframe LO and chassis ground or PreAmp IN OUT LOW and chassis ground is 42V DC Exceeding this value may cause a breakdown in insulation creating a shock hazard CAUTION Exceeding the following voltage values between these terminals may result in instrument damage INPUT OUTPUT HI and LO 250V peak 4 WIRE SENSE HI and LO 250V pea...

Page 454: ...56 characterization accuracy Table 19 1 Recommended calibration equipment Description Manufacturer Model Specifications Digital Multimeter1 Hewlett Packard HP3458A DC Voltage DC Current 1V 10V 100V 1000V 1µA 10µA 100µA 1mA 10mA 100mA 5 6ppm 4 3ppm 6 3ppm 6 1ppm 55ppm 25ppm 23ppm 20ppm 20ppm 35ppm Electrometer Calibration Standard2 Keithley 5156 Resistance 100MΩ 1GΩ 10GΩ 100GΩ 200ppm 300ppm 400ppm ...

Page 455: ...NTER key If the password was cor rectly entered the following message will be displayed CALIBRATION UNLOCKED Calibration can now be executed 5 Press EXIT to return to normal display Calibration will be unlocked and assume the states summarized in Table 19 2 Attempts to change any of the settings listed below with calibration unlocked will result in an error 510 Not permitted with cal unlocked NOTE...

Page 456: ...cedure The mainframe calibration procedure described below calibrates all ranges of both the cur rent and voltage source and measure functions Resistance calibration is not required Note that each range is separately calibrated by repeating the entire procedure for each range Step 1 Prepare the Model 6430 for calibration 1 With the power off disconnect the Remote PreAmp from the mainframe 2 Turn o...

Page 457: ...nt will display the following message V CAL Press ENTER to Output 200 00mV 7 Press ENTER The Model 6430 will source 200mV and simultaneously display the following DMM RDG 200 0000mV Use ENTER or EXIT Model 6430 Digital Multimeter Input HI Input LO WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PER...

Page 458: ...6430 will source 200mV and display the following DMM RDG 200 0000mV Use ENTER or EXIT 14 Note and record the DMM reading and then adjust the Model 6430 display to agree with the DMM reading Again the maximum display adjustment is within 10 of the present range 15 After adjusting the display value to agree with the DMM reading press ENTER and note that the instrument displays V CAL Press ENTER to O...

Page 459: ...__________ mV 002V 2 0000V 0 0000V 2 0000V 0 0000V ___________ V ___________ V ___________ V ___________ V 020V 20 000V 00 000V 20 000V 00 000V ___________ V ___________ V ___________ V ___________ V 200V 200 00V 000 00V 200 00V 000 00V ___________ V ___________ V ___________ V ___________ V 1Use EDIT and RANGE keys to select source range 2Multimeter reading used in corresponding calibration step ...

Page 460: ...sly display the following DMM RDG 1 000000µA Use ENTER or EXIT 8 Note and record the DMM reading and then adjust the Model 6430 display to agree exactly with the actual DMM reading Use the up and down arrow keys to select the digit value and use the left and right arrow keys to choose the digit position or use the Model 6430 Digital Multimeter Input LO Amps WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE ...

Page 461: ...DMM reading Again the maximum display adjustment is within 10 of the present range 15 After adjusting the display value to agree with the DMM reading press ENTER and note that the instrument displays I CAL Press ENTER to Output 0 0000µA 16 Press ENTER The Model 6430 will source 0µA and simultaneously display the following DMM RDG 0 000000µA Use ENTER or EXIT 17 Note and record the DMM reading and ...

Page 462: ...NTER key Press ENTER again to confirm the date 6 The unit will then prompt for the calibration due date NEXT CAL 03 15 2000 Use ENTER or EXIT Table 19 4 Mainframe current calibration summary Source range1 Source current Multimeter current reading2 001µA 1 0000µA 0 0000µA 1 0000µA 0 0000µA ___________ µA ___________ µA ___________ µA ___________ µA 010µA 10 000µA 00 000µA 10 000µA 00 000µA ________...

Page 463: ...ER or EXIT to continue 10 Press ENTER or EXIT to complete process Step 5 Lock out calibration 1 From normal display press MENU 2 Select CAL and then press ENTER The Model 6430 will display the following CALIBRATION UNLOCK EXECUTE VIEW DATES SAVE LOCK CHANGE PASSWORD 3 Select LOCK and then press ENTER to lock out calibration 100mA 100 00mA 000 00mA 100 00mA 000 00mA ___________ mA ___________ mA __...

Page 464: ...Amp is not being used Use the supplied PreAmp cable to connect the Remote PreAmp to the mainframe as follows 1 From the front panel of the SourceMeter turn the POWER off 2 Connect the PreAmp cable to the Remote PreAmp The PreAmp connector on the Remote PreAmp is labeled Mainframe 3 At the rear panel of the mainframe remove the plastic safety cover from the PreAmp connector This PreAmp connector is...

Page 465: ...o complete the process 5 Press EXIT to return to normal display Step 2 Voltage burden calibration 1 Connect the Model 6430 Remote PreAmp IN OUT HIGH jack to the digital multimeter INPUT HI and LO jacks using the adapters and cables shown in Figure 19 3 Use the type of adapter that connects BNC shell to triax shell and be sure the cable shield is connected to DMM INPUT LO 2 Select the multimeter DC...

Page 466: ...ITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING MADE IN U S A INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE RATING 100 240VAC 50 60 HZ 100VA MAX RS232 IEEE 488 ENTER IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU 250V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PEAK 5V PK V Ω GUARD GUARD SENSE LINE FUSE SLOWBLOW 2 5A 250V INTERLOCK DIGITAL I O RE...

Page 467: ... PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING MADE IN U S A INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE RATING 1...

Page 468: ...XIT 12 Note the DMM current reading then adjust the Model 6430 display to agree with that value and press ENTER 13 Repeat steps 4 through 12 for the 1µA range 1pA to 100nA ranges NOTE Because of Model 5156 characterization accuracy limitations Model 6430 1pA 100nA range accuracy will be relative to Model 5156 characterization accuracy 1 Connect the Model 6430 mainframe and Remote PreAmp to the dig...

Page 469: ...E BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING MADE IN U S A INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE RATING 100 240VAC 50 ...

Page 470: ...cted to the Remote PreAmp or mainframe However leave the Remote PreAmp connected to the mainframe REMOTE PreAmp connector 2 Place the triax shielding cap on the Remote PreAmp FORCE jack 3 Select OFFSET in the calibration menu then press ENTER The unit will display the following PREAMP OFFSET CAL ALL BYPASS 10uA 1uA 100nA 4 Select ALL then press ENTER to calibrate all ranges and the bypass mode Dur...

Page 471: ...wing CALIBRATION UNLOCK EXECUTE VIEW DATES SAVE LOCK CHANGE PASSWORD 2 Select UNLOCK then enter the password Default 006430 3 Select CHANGE PASSWORD and then press ENTER The instrument will display the following New Pwd 006430 Use ENTER or EXIT 4 Using the range keys and the left and right arrow keys enter the new password on the display 5 Once the desired password is displayed press the ENTER key...

Page 472: ... calibration dates and calibration count 1 From normal display press MENU select CAL and then press ENTER The unit will display the following CALIBRATION UNLOCK EXECUTE VIEW DATES 2 Select VIEW DATES and then press ENTER The Model 6430 will display the next and last calibration dates and the calibration count as in the following example NEXT CAL 12 15 1999 Last calibration 12 15 1999 Count 0001 ...

Page 473: ...20 RoutineMaintenance Line Fuse Replacement Covers the procedure and recommended part numbers for replacing the line fuse Front Panel Tests Details methods to test the front panel display and keys ...

Page 474: ...ERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING CAUTION FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING MADE IN U S A INPUT OUTPUT 42V PEAK 250V PEAK TRIGGER LINK 4 WIRE SENSE HI LO LINE...

Page 475: ... KEYS test The KEYS test lets you check the functionality of each front panel key Perform the follow ing steps to run the KEYS test 1 Display the MAIN MENU by pressing the MENU key 2 Select TEST and press ENTER to display the SELF TEST MENU 3 Select DISPLAY TESTS and press ENTER to display the following menu FRONT PANEL TESTS KEYS DISPLAY PATTERNS CHAR SET 4 Select KEYS and press ENTER to start th...

Page 476: ...ation Horizontal lines pixels of the first digit are sequenced Vertical lines pixels of the first digit are sequenced Each digit and adjacent annunciator is sequenced All the pixels of the selected digit are on 5 When finished abort the display test by pressing EXIT The instrument returns to the FRONT PANEL TESTS MENU Continue pressing EXIT to back out of the menu structure CHAR SET test The chara...

Page 477: ...A Specifications ...

Page 478: ...0 000 pA 5 fA 0 15 40 fA 20 fA 1 00000 nA 50 fA 0 050 200 f A 50 fA 10 0000 nA 500 fA 0 050 2 pA 500 fA 100 000 nA 5 pA 0 050 20 pA 3 pA 1 00000 µA 50 pA 0 050 300 pA 20 pA 10 0000 µA 500 pA 0 050 2 nA 200 pA 100 000 µA 5 nA 0 031 20 nA 500 pA 1 00000 mA 50 nA 0 034 200 nA 5 nA 10 0000 mA 500 nA 0 045 2 µA 50 nA 100 000 mA 5 µA 0 066 20 µA 500 nA Current Programming Accuracy without remote preamp ...

Page 479: ...016Ω 0 012 350 µV 2 00000 V 10 µV 1016Ω 0 012 350 µV 20 0000 V 100 µV 1016Ω 0 015 1 5 mV 200 000 V 1mV 1016Ω 0 015 10 mV TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT 0 18 C 28 40 C 0 15 accuracy specification C Current Measurement Accuracy 2 or 4 wire sense 4 Accuracy 23 C 5 C Max Voltage 1 Year Range Resolution Burden5 rdg amps 1 00000 pA 10 aA 1mV 1 0 7 fA 10 0000 pA 100 aA 1mV 0 50 7 fA 100 000 pA 1 fA 1mV 0 15 30 ...

Page 480: ...s 2 00000 Ω6 1 µΩ Source IACC Measure VACC Measure IACC Measure VACC 20 0000 Ω 100 µΩ 100 mA 0 098 0 003 Ω 0 068 0 001 Ω 200 000 Ω 1 mΩ 10 mA 0 077 0 03 Ω 0 048 0 01 Ω 2 00000 kΩ 10 mΩ 1 mA 0 066 0 3 Ω 0 040 0 1 Ω 20 0000 kΩ 100 mΩ 100 µA 0 063 3 Ω 0 038 1 Ω 200 000 kΩ 1 Ω 10 µA 0 082 30 Ω 0 040 10 Ω 2 00000 MΩ 10 Ω 1 µA 0 082 300 Ω 0 042 100 Ω 20 0000 MΩ 100 Ω 1 µA 0 085 1 kΩ 0 045 500 Ω 200 000 ...

Page 481: ...s 0 5 ms 5 3 ms 5 3 ms Medium 0 10 external 2 5 ms 2 9 ms 0 5 ms 0 5 ms 6 7 ms 7 1 ms Normal 1 00 external 17 5 ms 20 9 ms 0 5 ms 0 5 ms 21 7 ms 25 0 ms 1 Reading rates applicable for voltage or current measurements Auto zero off autorange off filter off display off trigger delay 0 source auto clear off and binary reading format 2 1000 point sweep was characterized with the source on a fixed range...

Page 482: ...100VA max WARRANTY 1 year EMC Conforms with European Union Directive 89 336 EEC EN 55011 EN 50082 1 EN 61000 3 2 and 61000 3 3 FCC part 15 class B SAFETY Conforms with European Union Directive 73 23 EEC EN 61010 1 VIBRATION MIL PRF 28800F Class 3 WARM UP 1 hour to rated accuracies DIMENSIONS 89mm high 213mm wide 370mm deep 31 2 in 83 8 in 149 16 in Bench Configuration with handle feet 104mm high 2...

Page 483: ...3mV Thus the actual reading range is 10V 3mV or from 9 997 to 10 003V DC current measurement calculations are performed in exactly the same manner using the pertinent specifications ranges and input signal values Source accuracy Source accuracy is calculated similarly except source specifications are used As an exam ple of how to calculate the actual source output limits assume that you are sourci...

Page 484: ...ction It is from when an external trigger is detected in the Trigger Layer of the trigger model to when the trigger delay begins Trigger delay Trigger delay is the time from when the external event is detected to when the source config uration begins This is a user programmable delay that can be set from 0000 0000 seconds to 999 99990 seconds Source configuration This is the time it takes to confi...

Page 485: ...to perform the SDM cycle This time is not illustrated in the following timing diagrams Timing diagrams Case I Auto Zero enabled and measuring a single function Trigger Latency 225µsec max Source Configuration 50µsec max A D Conversion NPLC Setting 1 power line frequency 185 Firmware Overhead 1 8msec for Source V 2 15msec for Source I Source On Time Source Configuration Source Delay 3 A D Conversio...

Page 486: ...Source I Case III Auto Zero disabled and measuring one function Trigger Latency 225µsec max Source Configuration 50µsec max A D Conversion NPLC Setting 1 power line frequency 185µsec Firmware Overhead 300µsec for Source V 640µsec for Source I Trigger Latency Trigger Event Source On Source On Time Source Off Trigger Delay Source Configuration Source Delay A D Conversion voltage signal phase A D Con...

Page 487: ...o Zero disabled and all measurements disabled Trigger Latency 225µsec max Source Configuration 50µsec max Firmware Overhead 310µsec for Source V 590µsec for Source I Source On Time Source Configuration Source Delay Firmware Overhead Example Source Delay 0 Source On Time 50µsec 0 125µsec 360µsec for Source V 640µsec for Source I Trigger Latency Trigger Event Source On Source On Time Source Off Trig...

Page 488: ... the static source remains on for every mea surement cycle The Source Delay portion of the SDM cycle is omitted With Trigger Delay set to zero Trigger Latency is the time from when the trigger event occurs to when the Source Meter begins an A D conversion Trigger Latency Trigger Delay Trigger Event Source On A D Conversion signal phase A D Conversion ref phase A D Conversion ref zero phase Figure ...

Page 489: ...B StatusandErrorMessages ...

Page 490: ...d for Keithley defined messages Note that error and status conditions will also set specific bits in various status registers as summarized in Table B 1 Section 14 has detailed information on registers and queues Briefly you can use the follow ing queries to obtain error and status information SYST ERR reads Error Queue ESR reads Standard Event Status Register STAT OPER reads Operation Event Regis...

Page 491: ...m Expression error Hardware missing Data corrupt or stale EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 225 224 223 222 221 220 215 214 213 212 211 210 Out of memory Illegal parameter value Too much data Parameter data out of range Settings confl...

Page 492: ...28 124 Character data too long Invalid character data Character data error Numeric data not allowed Too many digits EE EE EE EE EE Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event 5 5 5 5 5 123 121 120 114 113 112 111 110 109 108 Exponent too large Invalid character in number Numeric data error Header suffix out of range Undefined header Program mnemonic too long Header s...

Page 493: ...sserted Temperature limit exceeded Voltage limit exceeded Source in compliance SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event Measurement Event 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 1...

Page 494: ...EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 601 602 603 604 605 606 Lost data errors Reading buffer data lost GPIB address lost Power on state lost DC calibration data lost Calibration dates lost GPIB communication language lost E...

Page 495: ...ce read back on Cannot exceed compliance range Invalid with auto ohms on Attempt to exceed power limit Invalid with ohms guard on Invalid with INF ARM COUNT Internal System Error EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Event Standard Ev...

Page 496: ...anks spaces within the command name For example SYST ERR Incorrect space between SYST and ERR SYST ERR Correct 410 Query INTERRUPTED This error occurs when you have sent a valid query to the instrument and then send it another command or query or a Group Execute Trigger GET before it has had a chance to send the entire response message including the line feed EOI terminator The most likely causes ...

Page 497: ... error 113 Undefined header and then addressing the instrument to talk will generate an error 420 Query UNTERMINATED as well Valid query following an invalid command This situation can occur when you send multiple commands or queries program message units within one command string program message When the Model 6430 detects an error in a program message unit it discards all further program message...

Page 498: ...B 10 Status and Error Messages ...

Page 499: ...C DataFlow ...

Page 500: ...nd is sent the programmed number of source measure operations are performed and the respective data is temporarily stored in the Sample Buffer For example if 20 source measure operations were performed then 20 sets of data will be stored in the Sam ple Buffer Data from this buffer is then routed to other enabled data flow blocks SENSE Measurements Volts Amps Ohms Timestamp Filter Sample Buffer CAL...

Page 501: ...o the computer when FETCh is executed Note that FETCh does not affect data in the Sample Buffer Thus subsequent executions of FETCh acquire the same data The READ command performs an INITiate and then a FETCh The INITiate triggers a new source measure cycle which puts new data in the Sample Buffer FETCh reads that new data The MEASure command places the SourceMeter in a one shot source measure mod...

Page 502: ...measure readings stored in the buffer If the readings in the data store came directly from the Sample Buffer then the selected statistic calculation will be performed on all enabled measurement functions The calculation results are returned in the following fixed order VOLTage result CURRent result RESistance result When the TRACE buffer is feeding off CALC1 or CALC2 the selected statistic calcula...

Page 503: ...D IEEE 488BusOverview ...

Page 504: ...asic handshake sequence between an active controller talker and a listener is as follows 1 The listener indicates that it is ready to listen 2 The talker places the byte of data on the bus and indicates that the data is available to the listener 3 The listener aware that the data is available accepts the data and then indicates that the data has been accepted 4 The talker aware that the data has b...

Page 505: ...evices including the controller Thus any number of talkers and listeners up to that limit may be present on the bus at one time Although several devices may be commanded to listen simultaneously the bus can have only one active talker or communications would be scrambled DEVICE 1 ABLE TO TALK LISTEN AND CONTROL COMPUTER DEVICE 2 ABLE TO TALK AND LISTEN 6430 DEVICE 3 ONLY ABLE TO LISTEN PRINTER DEV...

Page 506: ...ny devices includ ing the SourceMeter do not use secondary addressing Once a device is addressed to talk or listen the appropriate bus transactions take place For example if the instrument is addressed to talk it places its data string on the bus one byte at a time The controller reads the information and the appropriate software can be used to direct the information to the desired location Bus li...

Page 507: ...tion while the remaining two lines are controlled by accepting devices the listener or listeners receiving the information The three handshake lines are DAV DATA VALID The source controls the state of the DAV line to indicate to any listening devices whether or not data bus information is valid NRFD Not Ready For Data The acceptor controls the state of NRFD It is used to sig nal to the transmittin...

Page 508: ... commands The instrument may be given a number of special bus commands through the IEEE 488 interface This section briefly describes the purpose of the bus commands which are grouped into the following four categories 1 Uniline commands Sent by setting the associated bus lines true For example to assert REN Remote Enable the REN line would be set low true 2 Multiline commands General bus commands ...

Page 509: ...equence thus allowing data words of various lengths to be transmitted easily Table D 1 IEEE 488 bus command summary Command type Command State of ATN line Comments Uniline Multiline Universal Addressed Unaddressed Common SCPI REN Remote Enable EOI End Or Identify IFC Interface Clear ATN Attention SRQ Service Request LLO Local Lockout DCL Device Clear SPE Serial Poll Enable SPD Serial Poll Disable ...

Page 510: ...D Serial Poll Disable SPD is used by the controller to remove all devices on the bus from the serial poll mode and is generally the last command in the serial polling sequence Addressed multiline commands Addressed commands are multiline commands that must be preceded by the device listen address before that instrument will respond to the command in question Note that only the addressed device wil...

Page 511: ...steners are placed in the listener idle state by the UNL command UNT Untalk Any previously commanded talkers will be placed in the talker idle state by the UNT command Common commands Common commands are commands that are common to all devices on the bus These com mands are designated and defined by the IEEE 488 2 standard Generally these commands are sent as one or more ASCII characters that tell...

Page 512: ...zed in Figure D 3 Hexadecimal and the decimal values for the various commands are listed in Table D 2 Table D 2 Hexadecimal and decimal command codes Command Hex value Decimal value GTL SDC GET LLO DCL SPE SPD LAG TAG SCG UNL UNT 01 04 08 11 14 18 19 20 3F 40 5F 60 7F 3F 5F 1 4 8 17 20 24 25 32 63 64 95 96 127 63 95 ...

Page 513: ...C FS GS RS US LLO DCL PPU SPE SPD 1 B 2 A SP _ 2 B 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3 A 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 B 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 UNL 4 A A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O 4 B 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5 A P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 5 B 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 UNT 6 A a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o 6 B 7 A p q r s t u v w x y z DEL 7 B ADDRESS...

Page 514: ...N is true for both the listen command and the SDC command byte itself Table D 4 gives a typical common command sequence In this instance ATN is true while the instrument is being addressed but it is set high while sending the common command string Table D 3 Typical addressed multiline command sequence Step Command ATN state Data bus ASCII Hex Decimal 1 2 3 4 UNL LAG SDC Set low Stays low Stays low...

Page 515: ...D UNIVERSAL COMMAND GROUP ATN ATTENTION DCL DEVICE CLEAR IFC INTERFACE CLEAR REN REMOTE ENABLE SPD SERIAL POLL DISABLE SPE SERIAL POLL ENABLE ADDRESS COMMAND GROUP LISTEN TALK LAG LISTEN ADDRESS GROUP MLA MY LISTEN ADDRESS UNL UNLISTEN TAG TALK ADDRESS GROUP MTA MY TALK ADDRESS UNT UNTALK OTA OTHER TALK ADDRESS ADDRESSED COMMAND GROUP ACG ADDRESSED COMMAND GROUP GTL GO TO LOCAL SDC SELECTIVE DEVIC...

Page 516: ...ed to talk L Listener Function The ability for the instrument to receive device dependent data over the bus from other devices is provided by the L function Listener capabilities L4 of the instrument exist only after it has been addressed to listen SR Service Request Function SR1 defines the ability of the instrument to request ser vice from the controller RL Remote Local Function RL1 defines the ...

Page 517: ... the SourceMeter to have read ings triggered C Controller Function The instrument does not have controller capabilities C0 TE Extended Talker Function The instrument does not have extended talker capabili ties TE0 LE Extended Listener Function The instrument does not have extended listener capa bilities LE0 E Bus Driver Type The instrument has open collector bus drivers E1 ...

Page 518: ...D 16 IEEE 488 Bus Overview ...

Page 519: ...E IEEE 488andSCPI ConformanceInformation ...

Page 520: ... Std 488 2 1987 lists the docu mentation requirements Table E 1 provides a summary of the requirements and provides the information or references the manual for that information Table E 2 lists the coupled com mands used by the SourceMeter The SourceMeter complies with SCPI version 1996 0 Tables 17 1 through 17 10 list the SCPI confirmed commands and the non SCPI commands implemented by the Source...

Page 521: ...s implemented by SourceMeter Calibration query information Trigger macro for DDT Macro information Response to IDN identification Storage area for PUD and PUD Resource description for RDT and RDT Effects of RST RCL and SAV TST information Status register structure Sequential or overlapped commands Operation complete messages See Appendix D Cannot enter an invalid address Address changes and bus re...

Page 522: ...N REN GTL SYSTem MEMory INITialize SENSe RANGe AUTO NPLC for all other functions SOURce RANGe AUTO SOURce STEP SOURce CENTer SOURce SPAN SOURce STEP SOURce CENTer SOURce SPAN SOURce POINts SOURce STEP SOURce STARt SOURce STOP SOURce STEP SOURce STARt SOURce STOP SOURce STEP See local and remote transition in Section 13 Differences remote vs local operation See command description in Section 17 SYS...

Page 523: ...F MeasurementConsiderations ...

Page 524: ... connected to input output LO Therefore 40V is present on those shells as well as the outer casings of the triax cable s If meter LO is connected to a noise shield then 40V will also be present on that shield Typically a test circuit is enclosed in a test fixture that is connected to a safety earth ground The test connection drawings in Section 2 show how a test fixture should be used WARNING To p...

Page 525: ...ding Guarding can also be used to reduce the effect of shunt capacitance in the measurement circuit One way to reduce leakage currents is to use good quality insulators when building the test circuit Some good quality insulators include Teflon polyethylene and sapphire Avoid materi als such as phenolics and nylon Humidity may also degrade low current measurements The amount of water an insulator a...

Page 526: ...driven guard of the Remote PreAmp This circuit splits the leakage resistance into two parts RL1 and RL2 The driven guard is at almost the same voltage potential as output HI The voltage difference is 1mV and is known as the voltage burden of the Remote PreAmp Since the top and bottom of RL1 are at nearly the same potential no significant cur rent will flow through it In a similar manner guarding m...

Page 527: ...resistance for the ammeter RDUT is the resistance of the DUT Note that as RDUT decreases in value the output noise increases For example when RF RDUT the input noise is multiplied by a factor of two Since decreasing the source resis tance can have a detrimental effect on noise performance there are usually minimum recom mended source resistance values based on measurement range Table F 1 summarize...

Page 528: ...m values of DUT capacitance CDUT for the ammeter are listed in Table 3 3 see Basic source measure procedure current measurements and capacitive loads in Section 3 You can however usually measure at higher load capacitance values by inserting a resistor in series with the ammeter input Remember that any series resistance will increase the voltage burden by a factor of IIN x RSERIES For example the ...

Page 529: ...sed below The external offset current also adds to the source current and the ammeter again measures the sum of the currents IM IS II0 IEO where IEO is the external offset current As long as the internal and external offsets remain stable for a reasonable period of time the Relative feature of the SourceMeter can be used to zero out offset current With the source cur rent IS set to zero the ammete...

Page 530: ... to friction Here free electrons rub off the conductor and create a charge imbalance that causes the current flow For example bending a triaxial cable causes friction between the center conductor HI and its surrounding insulator resulting in triboelectric currents Triboelectric currents can be minimized as follows Use low noise cables These cables are specially designed to minimize charge gener at...

Page 531: ...own as the voltage burden If the voltage burden is large in relation to the voltage of the measured circuit then significant measurement errors will occur Refer to Figure F 3 to see how voltage burden affects current measurements Assume VS is set to output 5mV and RL is 5kΩ An ideal ammeter with zero voltage burden would measure the current source as follows IM VS RS 5mV 5kΩ 1 In practice however ...

Page 532: ...oltage A good rule of thumb is to use a large enough resistor to cause a one volt drop at the maximum current to be measured The protection circuit should be enclosed in a light tight shield that is connected to input output low High impedance voltage measurements Loading effects Circuit loading can be detrimental to high impedance voltage measurements Fortunately the input resistance of the Model...

Page 533: ... 1mV 2GΩ 0 5pA For voltmeters that do not use guarding the leakage current would be dependent on the volt age seen at input HI For example with input HI at 10V the leakage current would be 5nA 10V 2GΩ 5nA This leakage is 10 000 times higher than the Model 6430 Remote PreAmp Input capacitance settling time The settling time of the circuit is particularly important when making volts measurements of ...

Page 534: ...urrounded by the inner shield which is cable guard Ideally guard is at the same potential as the HI terminal With HI and guard at the same volt age there is no charge discharge capacitive action to slow down the measurement However in reality there is a small voltage differential between HI and guard 1mV Therefore there will be a little capacitive action due to the cables The best way to minimize ...

Page 535: ...idely used carbon film and metal oxide Although other types are available experience has shown that these two are the most useful Compared to conventional resistors carbon film high megohm resistors are noisy unstable have high temperature coefficients display high voltage coefficients and are very fragile Recent developments in metal oxide types have resulted in resistors with much lower voltage ...

Page 536: ...s are small magnetic flux cut ting across the large loops formed by the ground leads can induce sufficient voltages to disturb sensitive measurements To prevent ground loops instruments should be connected to ground at only a single point as shown in Figure F 9 Note that only a single instrument is connected directly to power line ground Experimentation is the best way to determine an acceptable a...

Page 537: ...s Electrostatic interference is first recognizable when hand or body movements near the experiment cause fluctuations in the reading Means of minimizing electrostatic interference include 1 Shielding Possibilities include a shielded room a shielded booth shielding the sensi tive circuit and using shielded cable The shield should always be connected to a solid connector that is connected to signal ...

Page 538: ...nted signal is present The effects of EMI can be seen as an unusually large offset or in the case of impulse sources erratic variations in the displayed reading The instrument and experiment should be kept as far away as possible from any EMI sources Additional shielding of the instrument experiment and test leads will often reduce EMI to an acceptable level In extreme cases a specially constructe...

Page 539: ...G GPIB488 1Protocol ...

Page 540: ...cursor on COMMUNICATION and press ENTER to display the COMMUNICATIONS SETUP menu 3 Place the cursor on GPIB and press ENTER to display the present GPIB address 4 Press ENTER to display the GPIB PROTOCOL menu 5 Place the cursor on 488 1 and press ENTER 6 Use the EXIT key to back out of the menu structure When switching between the SCPI protocol and 488 1 protocol the instrument does not reset The G...

Page 541: ... OPC RES RANG READ READ READ The following command strings are valid SOUR1 VOLTage STARt 1 STOP 10 step 1 volt nplc 1 0 curr rang min RES RANG MAX READ When a query is sent either the data must be read back or a Device Clear DCL or Interface Clear IFC must be performed to reset the query When sending a command or query do not attempt to read data from the Model 6430 until the terminator has been s...

Page 542: ...diate release of bus hold off is done to support GET SDC IFC TRG RCL RST SYSTem PRESet and ABORt during data acquisition NDAC hold off NDAC is included with the GPIB 488 1 protocol mode to allow a single instrument to hold off all others on the bus until it is finished executing a command The following command con trols NDAC hold off SYSTem MEP HOLDoff ON OFF The default is OFF but NRFD hold off w...

Page 543: ... the Serial Poll byte will be set when the query is fin ished being processed not when there is data available in the output buffer as with the SCPI protocol For the 488 1 protocol output data will not be formatted until the first request for data is received This delay may cause unexpected time outs when using SRQ on MAV for que ries that take a long time to execute General operation notes The TA...

Page 544: ...eep operation can be increased by almost 50 Table G 1 SCPI 488 1 reading speed comparisons for measure only sweep operation rdgs sec Speed NPLC Trig origin SCPI 488 1 Improvement Fast 0 01 internal 1198 7 1759 6 46 78 0 01 external 1079 3 1254 7 16 25 Medium 0 10 internal 0509 6 0511 5 00 37 0 10 external 0438 4 0440 2 00 41 Normal 1 00 internal 0059 0 0059 0 00 00 1 00 external 0057 9 0057 9 00 0...

Page 545: ...xternal 056 6 056 9 00 48 Note Pass Fail test performed using one high limit and one low math limit Table G 4 SCPI 488 1 reading speed comparisons for source memory sweep operation rdgs sec Speed NPLC Trig origin SCPI 488 1 Improvement Fast 0 01 internal 164 8 165 2 0 23 0 01 external 162 6 163 0 0 23 Medium 0 10 internal 132 8 133 0 0 15 0 10 external 131 4 131 4 0 00 Normal 1 00 internal 044 4 0...

Page 546: ...des time to re program source to a new level before making measurement Table G 7 SCPI 488 1 reading speed comparisons for source measure limit test single shot operation rdgs sec Speed NPLC Trig origin SCPI 488 1 Improvement Fast 0 01 internal 79 3 135 9 71 44 Medium 0 10 internal 69 9 113 9 62 81 Normal 1 00 internal 35 0 41 7 19 33 Notes 1 Pass Fail test performed using one high limit and one lo...

Page 547: ... 5 18 Measure only V or I 5 21 Source I 5 18 Source V 5 20 Basic Source Measure Operation 3 1 Basic source measure procedure 3 10 Baud rate 13 17 Binning 11 4 11 6 11 8 Buffer Configure and control 17 99 considerations 5 28 8 5 location number 8 2 Read and clear 17 99 statistics 8 3 BUS Arm layer event detection 10 18 Bus management lines D 5 Byte order 17 51 C C Controller Function D 15 Cable gua...

Page 548: ...3 Configuring a sweep 9 11 Configuring and running a sweep 9 11 Connection 1µA and 10µA range gain calibration 19 17 1µA 100mA range current verification tests 18 21 1pA to 100nA range gain calibration 19 19 1pA 100nA range current verification tests 18 22 20Ω 200MΩ range verification 18 27 2GΩ 200GΩ range verification 18 29 2TΩ and 20TΩ range verification 18 30 chassis ground 2 5 diode I V tests ...

Page 549: ...iver Type D 15 EDIT key 1 15 EEE 488 and SCPI Conformance Information E 1 Electrochemical effects F 8 Electromagnetic Interference EMI F 16 Electrostatic interference F 15 Eliminating common SCPI errors B 8 Environmental conditions 18 2 EOI End or Identify D 5 D 7 Error and status messages 13 9 queue 14 19 17 87 17 94 Event detection 10 4 10 18 Detector Bypass 10 4 10 5 10 18 10 19 registers 14 17...

Page 550: ...ndle 1 8 Handler interface 11 10 Handshake lines D 5 heat sink 3 2 Humidity F 8 I Idle 10 2 10 16 IEEE command groups D 13 IEEE 488 Bus description D 2 Bus lines D 4 Bus Overview D 1 connector 13 4 IEEE 488 documentation requirements E 3 IFC Interface Clear D 5 D 8 IFC interface clear 13 7 IMMEDIATE 10 4 10 5 IMMediate 10 18 10 19 Initialize memory 17 90 Initiate source measure cycle 17 102 Input ...

Page 551: ... 10 voltage measurement accuracy 18 12 Maintenance Routine 20 1 MANUAL 10 4 10 18 Manual addenda 1 2 Manual ranging 6 3 Math commands 7 8 Enable and read expression result 17 30 expression Define 17 27 expressions 13 2 Front panel operations 7 7 functions 7 4 Offset compensated Ω 7 4 operations 7 4 Power 7 4 programming example 7 8 Remote operations 7 8 User defined functions 7 10 Maximum complian...

Page 552: ... Event Register 14 12 overview 3 3 11 4 summary 10 7 10 22 Operation keys 1 8 Options and accessories 1 3 Output configuration commands 12 9 control 3 10 queue 14 19 trigger specifications 10 9 triggers 10 6 10 21 Output off states and inductive loads 12 9 OUTPut subsystem 17 52 Output off states 12 8 17 53 Overheating protection 5 5 Overload protection F 10 Overview Data store 8 2 Operation 3 3 S...

Page 553: ...egisters Programming and reading 14 5 Reading 14 6 Rel commands 7 3 Defining a value 7 2 Enabling and disabling 7 2 Front panel 7 2 programming example 7 3 Relative 7 1 7 2 Relative and Math 7 1 REM 13 9 Remote compliance limit 3 5 digital output control 12 5 display programming 1 16 filter programming 6 16 limit testing 11 19 ohms commands 4 10 ohms programming 4 10 output configuration 12 9 rang...

Page 554: ...surement functions 17 54 measurement range 17 57 power line frequency setting 17 93 range 17 66 sourcing mode 17 65 statistic 17 40 the 488 1 protocol G 2 timestamp format 17 101 Selecting an interface 13 3 Sending a response message 13 15 and receiving data 13 16 SENSe1 subsystem 17 54 Sensing 2 wire 2 8 4 wire 2 8 methods 2 6 Ohms 4 6 Serial polling and SRQ 14 9 Service Request Enable Register 1...

Page 555: ...e request SRQ 14 7 and service request commands 14 10 and SRQ 14 2 programming example 14 10 register 14 8 Status register format 17 51 sets 14 2 14 11 structure 14 3 Status Structure 14 1 STATus subsystem 17 86 Storing readings 8 2 Sweep branching 9 8 configuration 9 5 Configuring and running 9 11 Custom 9 4 Linear staircase 9 2 Logarithmic staircase 9 3 Performing 9 13 programming example 9 21 S...

Page 556: ...tor alpha 7 5 Verification limits 18 5 Mainframe 18 10 Performing test procedures 18 6 Test considerations 18 7 test requirements 18 2 Test summary 18 7 Viewing calibration dates and calibration count 19 22 Voltage burden F 9 coefficient 7 5 programming example 7 9 V Source boundaries 5 15 operating examples 5 17 protection 3 8 W Warm up 3 6 period 18 3 19 2 Warranty information 1 2 Waveform types...

Page 557: ......

Page 558: ... Fax 089 84 93 07 34 GREAT BRITAIN Keithley Instruments Ltd Unit 2 Commerce Park Brunel Road Theale Reading Berkshire RG7 4AB 0118 929 7500 Fax 0118 929 7519 INDIA Keithley Instruments GmbH Flat 2B WILLOCRISSA 14 Rest House Crescent Bangalore 560 001 91 80 509 1320 21 Fax 91 80 509 1322 ITALY Keithley Instruments s r l Viale San Gimignano 38 20146 Milano 02 48 39 16 01 Fax 02 48 30 22 74 KOREA Kei...

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