The Reverse Osmosis process, also known as hyper
filtration, is the finest filtration process known till date.
The process ensures removal of particles as small as
ions from a solution. Reverse Osmosis uses a semi-
permeable membrane to remove salts from potable /
brackish water. In Reverse Osmosis, water pressure
applied to the concentrated side forces the process of
osmosis into reverse. Under enough pressure, treated
water is ”squeezed” through the membrane from the
concentrated side to the diluted side. Salts dissolved in
water as charged ions are repelled by the RO
membrane. The rejected impurities on the concentrated side of the membrane are
washed away in a stream of waste water and thus do not get accumulated as in a
traditional filter.
UV Process
The UV light has shorter wavelength (higher energy) than the visible light. It is called ultra-
violet because it is just beyond violet light in the light spectrum. Technically, the ultra-violet
light is defined to be any wavelength of light, which is shorter than 400 nanometer.
UV rays, which penetrate into the micro-organisms, are absorbed by the DNA of the
pathogen in the water. The DNA is altered in such a way that the pathogen cannot reproduce
itself. Thus, it is essentially killed and cannot cause infection. This process of DNA
modification is called inactivation.
Reverse Osmosis Process
700
400
Wavelength(nm)
UVB
280-315
UVA
315-400
UVC
200-280
X-Rays
Ultraviolet
Visible
Infrared
Microwaves Radio
3
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