5-10t Internal Combustion Counterbalance Forklift Truck Operation & Maintenance Manual
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3.1 Overview
The hydraulic transmission selected and used for this forklift truck is composed of torque
converter and transmission with power gear shift, and it is typical of following features:
(1) Fitted with inching valve, which has improved the inching performance, and on this
account, the forklift truck is able to maintain an inching performance when it is started or
running at any rotating speed
(2) The friction plate of hydraulic clutch is formed with 7 pieces of steel sheets and 7 pieces
of specially treated paper friction plates, which has therefore ensured it to have a relatively
satisfactory durability.
(3) The torque converter used has one-way clutch, which has therefore enhanced the
transmission efficiency.
(4) Oil filter is mounted in the oil circuit for torque converter, which has improved the
cleanliness of oil, and namely prolonged the service life of torque converter.
3.2 Torque Converter
Generally, the torque converter with single-stage three elements is composed of the pump
impeller mounted on input shaft, the turbine installed on output shaft, and the guide pulley
fixed on the case of torque converter.
The pump impeller is actuated by elastic pad, and the elastic pad is connected with flywheel.
At the same time while engine is rotating, the pump impeller begins rotation as well. Due to
the effect of centrifugal force, the liquid inside the pump impeller ejects along the blade
lattice of pump impeller (at this point it is transformed from mechanical energy into hydraulic
energy.).
Thus, the liquid flows into the blades of turbine, to transmit the moment of force to the output
shaft. The change in direction of liquid leaving turbine takes place under the action of guide
pulley, for it to flow into the pump impeller at a maximal angle, and at the same time, a
moment of reactive force is generated to push the guide pulley for the output torque to be
larger by one moment of force at the equivalent value of this reactive moment compared with
the input torque.
When rotating speed of turbine is increased and approaches the input rotating speed, the angle
of liquid flow turns to be reduced, and the torque on output shaft is decreased along with, and
in the end, the liquid flow begins to flow into the blade lattice of guide pulley in a reverse
direction, for a reverse effect to be generated for the abovementioned reactive moment. In this
case, the torque on output shaft is smaller than the torque on input shaft, and one one-way
clutch is fitted inside the guide pulley, to prevent the occurrence of this effect. The guide
Summary of Contents for FD100T
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