Diffuse Nebulae
are clouds of dust and gas where stars are formed. The Great Nebula in Orion (M42) is a diffuse
nebula that appears as a faint wispy gray cloud. M42 is 1600 light years in distance from Earth.
Galaxies
are large groupings of stars, nebulae, clusters, and more. The most common shape is spiral, but galaxies
also are elliptically-shaped, or even seen as irregular blobs. The Andromeda Galaxy (M31) is the closest spiral-type
galaxy to the Milky Way. This galaxy appears faint, fuzzy, and cigar-shaped, is 2.2 million light years away and is a
fascinating object to see through the ETX.
Open Clusters
are loose groupings of young stars, all recently formed from the same diffuse nebula. The Pleiades
(M45) in Taurus is an open cluster. M45 is 410 light years away. Through the ETX several hundred stars are visible
in the Pleiades.
Constellations
are large, imaginary groupings of stars and are too large to be seen through a telescope To learn
the constellations, start with an easy grouping of stars, like the Big Dipper in Ursa Major. Then, use a star chart to
find your way from there.
3. Helpful Charts
a. Latitudes of the World
To aid in the polar alignment procedure, previously described in this manual, latitudes of major cities around the
world are listed below. To determine the latitude of an observing site not listed on the chart, locate the city closest
to your site.
Northern hemisphere observers (N): If your site is over 70 miles (110 km) north of the listed city, add one degree
for every 70 miles. If your site is over 70 miles south of the listed city, subtract one degree per 70 miles.
Southern hemisphere observers (S): If your site is over 70 miles north of the listed city, subtract one degree for
every 70 miles. If your site is over 70 miles south of the listed city, add one degree per 70 miles.
UNITED STATES
City
State
Latitude
Albuquerque
New Mexico
35° N
Anchorage
Alaska
61° N
Atlanta
Georgia
34° N
Boston
Massachusetts
42° N
Chicago
Illinois
42° N
Cleveland
Ohio
41° N
Dallas
Texas
33° N
Denver
Colorado
40° N
Detroit
Michigan
42° N
Honolulu
Hawaii
21° N
Jackson
Mississippi
32° N
Kansas City
Missour
39° N
Las Vegas
Nevada
36° N
Little Rock
Arkansas
35° N
Los Angeles
California
34° N
Miami
Florida
26° N
Milwaukee
Wisconsin
46° N
Nashville
Tennessee
36° N
New Orleans
Louisiana
30° N
New York
Now York
41° N
Oklahoma City
Oklahoma
35° N
Philadelphia
Pennsylvania
40° N
Summary of Contents for ETX Series
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