Parts and Instruction Manual -
Mirage 27” Propane Burnisher
Page 9
Limits for permissible exposure to CO vary substantially from region to region, City, State, and Industry requirements
should be consulted prior to use of any equipment. The current Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for CO is 50 ppm, as an 8-hour time-weighted-average (TWA), This is
computed by making measurements at intervals over 8 hours, then adding the sums of the concentrations and the
intervals, and dividing by 8 hours, For example:
Time
Interval
8:00-9:00
1HR
100
9:00-10:00
1HR
25
10:00-11:00
1HR
25
11:00-12:00
1HR
50
12:00-1:00
1HR
50
1:00-2:00
1HR
50
2:00-3:00
1HR
50
3:00-4:00
1HR
50
ANY 8 HR PERIOD
8HR
400 PPM
400ppm/8HR=50ppm (TWA)
The current National Institute for Occupational Health and Safety (NIOSH) has determined that concentrations above
the recommended level for CO of 1,200 ppm are Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH). NIOSH defines
the IDLH exposure level as the concentration that could result in irreversible health effects or death, or prevent
escape from the contaminated environment within 30 minutes.
DEFINITION OF CO EFFECTS
The toxic effects of carbon monoxide in the blood are the result of tissue hypoxia (lack of oxygen) carbon monoxide
combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin. Since CO and oxygen react with the same group in the
hemoglobin molecule, carboxyhemoglobin is incapable of carrying Oxygen. The affinity of hemoglobin for CO is 200
to 240 times greater than for oxygen. The extent of saturation of hemoglobin with CO depends on the concentration
of the gas, the quantity of inspired air and on the time of exposure. The severity depends on the state of activity of
the individual and his tissue oxygen needs.
According to Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 7th edition, no symptoms will develop at a concentration of
0.01 % CO (100ppm) in inspired air, since this will not raise blood saturation above 10 %. Exposure to 0,05% (500ppm)
for 1 hour during light activity will produce a blood concentration of 20% carboxyhemoglobin and result in a mild or
throbbing headache. Greater activity or longer exposure causes a blood saturation of 30 to 50 %. At this point
headache, irritability, confusion, dizziness, visual disturbance, nausea, vomiting, and fainting can be experienced.
Exposure for one hour to concentrations of 0.1 % (1000ppm) inspired air the blood will contain 50 to 80%
carboxyhemoglobin which results in coma, convulsions, respiratory failure and death. On inhalation of high
concentrations of CO, saturation of the blood proceeds so rapidly that unconsciousness may occur suddenly without
warning.
METHODS TO REDUCE THE RISKS OF CO POISONING FOR INDOOR APPLICATIONS
Summary of Contents for Mirage 27"
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