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Subscriber
A user who accesses television, data, or other services from a service provider.
Subnet Mask
A methodology that determines what the router will examine for the destination of an IP address. A router delivers
packets using the network address.
Switch
On an Ethernet network, a switch filters frames based on the MAC address, in a manner similar to a bridge. A switch is
more advanced because it can connect more than two segments.
T
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol on OSI transport layer four, provides reliable transport over the network for data
transmitted using IP (network layer three). It is an end-to-end protocol defining rules and procedures for data exchange
between hosts on top of connectionless IP. TCP uses a timer to track outstanding packets, checks error in incoming
packets, and retransmits packets if requested.
TCP/IP
The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol suite provides standards and rules for data communication
between networks on the Internet. It is the worldwide Internetworking standard and the basic communications protocol
of the Internet.
Tunnel
To place packets inside other packets to send over a network. The protocol of the enclosing packet is understood by each
endpoint, or tunnel interface, where the packet enters and exits the network. VPNs rely on tunneling to create a secure
network. Tunneling requires the following protocol types: A carrier protocol, such as TCP, used by the network that the
data travels over; An encapsulating protocol, such as IPSec, L2F, L2TP, or PPTP, that is wrapped around the original
data; and A passenger protocol, such as IP, for the original data
U
UDP
User Datagram Protocol. A method used along with the IP to send data in the form of message units (datagram) between
network devices over a LAN or WAN.
Unicast
A point-to-point data transmission sent from one sender to one receiver. This the normal way you access websites. See
also
multicast
.
USB
Universal Serial Bus is a computer interface for add-on devices such as printers, scanners, mice, modems, or keyboards.
USB 1.1 supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps and plug-and-play installation. You can connect up to 127 devices to a
single USB port. USB 2.0 supports data rates of 480 Mbps.
V
VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol is a method to exchange voice, fax, and other information over the Internet. Voice and fax
have traditionally been carried over traditional telephone lines of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) using
a dedicated circuit for each line. VoIP enables calls to travel as discrete data packets on shared lines. VoIP is an important
part of the convergence of computers, telephones, and television into a single integrated information network.
