Chapter 7
Appendix — Glossary of network terms
ENGLISH - 137
Glossary of network terms
Term
Description
Access point
This is a signal station for relaying signals between the wireless LAN and the computer. A computer
connected to the access point can communicate via the network connected to the access point.
AES
Abbreviation for Advanced Encryption Standard. The next-generation encryption method of US government
standardized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
AES: Advanced Encryption System
Default gateway
This is equipment used to connect to a network using a different network standard from the network in use. It
allows the connection between the networks by adjusting for the differences in the communication protocols.
The data is sent to the host set in the default gateway when the gateway is not set in the IP address of the
destination.
DHCP
Abbreviation for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. A protocol to automatically assign an IP address to
the connected device. An IP address is automatically assigned to the device connected if a device with the
DHCP server function is within the LAN.
EAP
Abbreviation for PPP Extensible Authentication Protocol. An authentication protocol expanding the PPP used
during the user authentication by remote access. MD5, TLS, and S/Key are supported as the authentication
method. This is the protocol supported by the wireless LAN authentication standard IEEE802.1X, and there
are formats such as EAP-TLS/EAP-TTLS/EAPLEAP/EAP-PEAP/EAP-MD5.
EAP-FAST
Abbreviation for EAP-Flexible Authentication via Secure Tunneling. One of the wireless authentication
methods supporting the IEEE802.1X. It enhances security by tunneling of the authentication process using
a secret key encryption method not requiring a digital authentication, and mutually authenticating the tunnel.
Proprietary method of Cisco Systems Inc.
EAP-TTLS
Abbreviation for EAP-Tunneled Transport Layer Security. One of the wireless authentication methods
supporting the IEEE802.1X. An authentication server electronic certificate, client will perform mutual
authentication by an ID/password. Authentication process will be tunneled. Developed by the Funk Software
of US.
GTC (EAP-GTC)
Abbreviation for EAP-Generic Token Card. One of the wireless authentication methods supporting the
IEEE802.1X. Authentication is performed using the ID password. A security token is used as the password.
IP address
IP (Internet Protocol) is a protocol to transmit data, and the IP address is the destination (address) when
transmitting data on a network. The same IP address cannot be used within the same LAN.
LAN
Abbreviation for Local Area Network. This is a network with a relatively small range such as inside a
company.
MAC address
An ID number unique to each network adapter.
A unique number is assigned to network adapters throughout the world, and data is sent and received
between the adapters based on this. This ID number is a combination of the unique number for the
manufacturer managed and assigned by IEEE and the number assigned by each manufacturer to their
adapter.
MD5 (EAP-MD5)
Abbreviation for EAP-Message digest algorithm 5. One of the wireless authentication methods supporting
the IEEE802.1X. Authentication is performed using the ID password. Password is sent encrypted with the
challenge & response format.
Miracast
A standard established by the Wi-Fi Alliance for the wireless transmission of device screens.
MS-CHAPv2
(EAP-MS-CHAPv2)
Abbreviation for EAP-Microsoft Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol v2.
One of the wireless authentication methods supporting the IEEE802.1X. Mutual authentication is performed
using one way encryption password.
Open System/open
One of the wireless authentication methods using public key encryption.
PEAP
Abbreviation for EAP-Protected EAP. One of the wireless authentication methods supporting the
IEEE802.1X. An authentication server electronic certificate, client will perform mutual authentication by an ID/
password.
RADIUS server
RADIUS is an abbreviation of Remote Access Dial In User authentication Service, and it is a protocol used
for authentication in a network such as wireless LAN. The authentication server supporting that protocol
is called RADIUS server. It is not required to register the user information individually to each device even
when there are multiple network devices by using the RADIUS server, allowing the integrated management
of many network devices and users.
Shared Key/share
One of the wireless authentication methods using the secret key encryption, and it is a method to
authenticate using the encryption key set in the WEP. This is the encryption method using same key for both
encryption and decryption, and it is also called as “shared key encryption” or “common key encryption”.
SSID
Abbreviation for Service Set ID. With the wireless LAN, it is necessary to set the identification code called
as SSID to differentiate if it is the access point to communicate. It may be displayed as “ESSID” or “Network
name” in the wireless LAN adapter depending on the manufacturer.
Subnet mask
The network may manage the large network by dividing it to multiple smaller network called as subnet. In
such case, the value to delimit the IP address is called as subnet mask.
TKIP
Abbreviation for Temporal Key Integrity Protocol. This is an encryption protocol with enhanced security
protection than the WEP by changing the encryption key every specified time.
WEP
Abbreviation for Wired Equivalent Privacy. This is the method to encrypt the data to communicate. By
creating an encryption key and only notifying it to the person to communicate, the communication data will
not be decrypted by a third party.
