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012-13878A

Human Arm Model: Force Vector Diagram

The Human Structures Set allows students to build a realistic arm model and directly measure the forces exerted. 

The diagram shows the forces acting on the lower arm.

Suggestions

Vary the length and angle of the upper and lower arm, as well as the point of attachment of the cord connected to the Load 
Cell. 

W

W

a

This Load Cell 
represents the 
biceps muscle

These cords 

allow the 

angle of the 

upper arm to 

change.

Summary of Contents for ME-7001

Page 1: ...rs of the PASCO Structures System The Human Structures Set also includes a 30 meter spool of rubber cord ME 8986 and a plastic storage box not shown Structure System Qty Structure System Qty ME 6993 Truss Set Members 2 sets ME 6998A Axles 1 set ME 6994 Truss Set Screws 5 sets ME 6999A Angle Connectors 1 set ME 6996 Cord Lock Spares 1 set ME 7002 Connector Spares 2 sets ME 6997 Full Round Connector...

Page 2: ...of a computer Load Cell and Amplifier Set PS 2199 Load Cell Amplifier PS 2198 with four 100 N Load Cells PS 2200 Included Items Qty Included Items Qty 6 Beam 36 cm long 24 Axle 2 each of 3 lengths 6 5 Beam 24 cm long 16 Drive Wheel and Tire 4 4 Beam 17 cm long 36 Pulley 12 3 Beam 11 5 cm long 36 Collet 24 2 Beam 8 cm long 16 Spacer 12 1 Beam 5 5 cm long 16 Screw 6 32 375 Flat Connector 6 Small O R...

Page 3: ...ted Attaching Cords When attaching cords for lateral bracing or for suspension or cable stayed bridges Cord Tensioning Clips are used to assist in adjusting the tension in the cords The Cord Clip does not come apart It is best to thread the cord through the clip before the clip is installed on the structure Prepare to thread the cord by holding the top half of the clip as shown in Figure 2a so the...

Page 4: ...The square nut and bolt can be used with a flat connector to fasten a structure to a PASCO PAStrack see the PASCO catalog or web site at www pasco com for infor mation about PAStrack equipment Axles Pulleys Spacers Collets and Drive Wheels Axles There are two each of three different lengths 10 4 cm 4 1 in 21 3 cm 8 4 in and 26 6 cm 10 5 in Each axle is 0 635 cm 0 250 in in diameter Pulleys There a...

Page 5: ...or details about how to connect the load cells to an interface or datalog ger and collect data Calibration of Load Cells Load cells are factory calibrated however you can re calibrate them in software or on the datalogger Assemble the fixture shown in Figure 10 to support the load cell See the documentation for your software or datalogger for instructions When calibrating a load cell it is necessa...

Page 6: ...e and a lower arm or forearm Item Arm Leg Back Total Half Round Connector 14 16 22 52 Full Round Connector 1 1 2 4 Flat Round Connector 3 1 2 6 Straight Connector 3 4 8 15 Angle Connector 8 3 12 23 Sliding Connector 0 2 2 4 6 Beam 5 8 8 21 5 Beam 6 0 9 15 4 Beam 9 8 13 30 3 Beam 5 14 12 31 2 Beam 1 3 12 16 1 Beam 7 4 4 15 Cord Tensioning Clip 7 1 6 14 Short Axle 1 1 0 2 Medium Axle 1 1 0 2 Long Ax...

Page 7: ... I Beams Cord Tensioning Clips and Yellow Cord NOTE Don t tighten the cords yet 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 6 6 Half Round All connectors are Half Round Connectors Cord Tensioning Clip Cord Tensioning Clip Cord Tensioning Clip Thread the cord through a hole and secure with a knot Securewith a knot Securewith a knot Securewith a knot Yellow Cord ...

Page 8: ...nd various I Beams Note the slots used on the Full Round Connect the two upper arm parts using the Biceps Load Cell Bracket and the Triceps Load Cell Bracket Triceps Load Cell Bracket Biceps Load Cell Bracket Flat Round Full Round Half Round Angle Angle Angle Angle Half Round Half Round Straight 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 4 6 6 3 E Z B F Triceps Load Cell Bracket Flat Round Biceps Load Cell Bracket Full ...

Page 9: ...rs a Straight Connector and various I Beams Human Arm Elbow Detail The upper arm and forearm are joined at the elbow using a Short Axle two Spacers and Screws Flat Round Flat Round Angle Angle Angle Straight 5 6 3 Forearm Detail Cord to hang weight Elbow Hand Elbow Detail Short Axle Spacer Spacer Upper Arm Parts Forearm ...

Page 10: ...er with a Medium Axle and Screws Use a cord attached to a Cord Tensioning Clip to adjust the angle of the upper arm Add large slotted masses to stabilize the model Tighten the various cords Medium Axle Cord Tensioning Clip Secure with a knot Large Slotted Masses Use the cord to adjust the upper arm ...

Page 11: ...ell Tie a piece of elastic cord to one of the holes on the back edge of the Flat Round Connector at the elbow Attach the elastic cord to a Cord Tensioning Clip and attach the clip to the Triceps Load Cell Human Arm Model Extra Equipment Extra Equipment Extra Equipment Hooked Mass Set SE 8759 100 N Load Cell PS 2200 2 Large Slotted Mass Set ME 7566 Load Cell Amplifier PS 2198 Biceps Load Cell Trice...

Page 12: ...odel and directly measure the forces exerted The diagram shows the forces acting on the lower arm Suggestions Vary the length and angle of the upper and lower arm as well as the point of attachment of the cord connected to the Load Cell W Wa This Load Cell represents the biceps muscle These cords allow the angle of the upper arm to change ...

Page 13: ...and various I Beams to construct the upper leg Upper Leg Load Cell Bracket Detail The Upper Leg Load Cell Bracket consists of 3 Beams a 2 Beam an Angle Connector and a Full Round Connector The diagram shows a Load Cell and a Cord Tensioning Clip attached to the bracket 6 6 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 Flat Round Full Round Angle Upper Leg with Load Cell Bracket Half Round Load Cell Cord Tensioning Clip Full Roun...

Page 14: ...tors Angle Connectors Sliding Connectors Straight Connectors a Short Axle a Drive Wheel a Collet without screw and various I Beams to construct the lower leg and knee Half Round 1 1 6 6 6 3 Straight Straight Sliding Sliding 2 2 4 Angle Drive Wheel Collet no screw Short Axle Lower Leg and Knee ...

Page 15: ...e a piece of cord to the 2 I Beam just below the knee Connect the other end of the cord to a Cord Tensioning Clip and attach the clip to the Load Cell Put the cord over the Drive Wheel Human Leg Model Extra Equipment Extra Equipment Extra Equipment Large Slotted Mass Set ME 7566 Load Cell Amplifier PS 2198 100 N Load Cell PS 2200 Load Cell Medium Axle Collet Drive Wheel Cord Cord Tensioning Clip ...

Page 16: ...Model Force Vector Diagram Knee Forces Directly measure the force needed to support the leg at various angles Human Back Model The Human Back Model consists of a base a torso and an outstretched arm The Load Cell represents the quadricep muscle in the upper leg W ...

Page 17: ...s Straight Connectors a Long Axle Pulleys Spacers Collets and various I Beams The structure can use two four or six Load Cells Half Round Long Axle Angle Angle Straight Straight Angle Sliding Full Round Collet Spacer Pulley 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 3 3 5 5 6 4 4 NOTE The Straight Connectors can be replaced by Load Cells Human Back Base Details Note the arrangement of the Half Round ...

Page 18: ...ctors Flat Round Connectors Angle Connectors Straight Connectors Cord and Cord Tensioning Clips and various I Beams Half Round Flat Round Secure with a knot Cord Tensioning Clip Secure with a knot Angle Angle Angle Straight Straight 5 6 6 6 5 3 3 3 4 1 1 3 Cord Human Torso and Extended Arm NOTE Loop a piece of Cord through the 3 Beam Arm Torso ...

Page 19: ...ase to the Human Back Model Torso using a Long Axle Spacers Collets Cord and Cord Tensioning Clips and Load Cells Secure with a knot Cord Tensioning Clip Long Axle Spacers on both sides of the Half Round Collet Load Cell Cord NOTE Add Large Slotted Masses to the rear of the Base to counterbalance the structure ...

Page 20: ...xperiment can be performed using more Load Cells mounted in place of the Straight Connectors in the base Suggestions Experiment with the back at different angles and use the Load Cells to measure the tension in the cord What is the affect of increasing or decreasing the angle of the back Experiment with the amount of weight attached to the end of the arm Does doubling the weight also double the te...

Page 21: ...o ME 7001 Human Back Model 21 012 13878A Human Back Model Extra Equipment Extra Equipment Model Large Slotted Mass Set ME 7566 Hooked Mass Set SE 8759 100 N Load Cell PS 2200 2 4 6 Load Cell Amplifier PS 2198 ...

Page 22: ...ohibited Trademarks PASCO and PASCO scientific are trademarks or registered trademarks of PASCO scientific in the United States and or in other countries All other brands products or service names are or may be trademarks or service marks of and are used to identify products or ser vices of their respective owners For more information visit www pasco com legal Patents Pending The following PASCO p...

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