pH Control:
Chemically balanced water depends primarily on:
1. The amount of acid or base in the water (pH),
2. Those chemicals that help maintain or stabilize pH (total alkalinity) and,
3. Those chemicals that cause scaling (calcium hardness). Described as a measure
of relative acidity or alkalinity of water, pH is measured on a number scale from 0 - 14. The
mid-point, 7, is said to be precisely neutral, above which alkalinity becomes progresssively
greater and below which acidity becomes progressively greater. Properly balanced spa water
should have a pH between 7.2-7.8, a total alkalinity of 75-150 ppm and an optimum range of 100
-400 ppm of calcium hardness. Within these limits, your sanitizing chemicals and filtering
functions will be most effective. Test kits are available to measure the pH and should be
replaced on an at least annual basis to assure accuracy.
Disinfection:
The high temperature and increased velocity of the water, as well as the heavy
bather loads, all contribute to the organic contamination of spa water. It is very important
to maintain an effective residual of sanitizing agent, to shock treat at periodic intervals and,
if needed, to control algae growth.
Bromine is the best-suited sanitizer for spa water. Although chlorine is popular as
a swimming pool sanitizer, the high temperatures and aeration of a spa greatly accelerate
chlorine loss. Free chlorine reacts with organic materials to form combined chlorine, which
is a poor disinfectant that causes offensive odors and often causes eye burn. Bromine is similar
to chlorine, although in the free and combined form it is an effective sanitizing agent and
causes no offensive odor or eye burn. It is easier to maintain a bromine residual than chlorine
and it is effective over a wider pH range than chlorine.
The test for bromine should read 1 ppm in a residential spa. Depending upon bather
load, amount of usage, type of water, ultraviolet exposure, etc., the amount of chemicals
needed will vary. On a weekly basis, a “shock” treatment should be used to destroy organic
contamination not readily destroyed by normal additions of the sanitizing agent. This is
accomplished by using a powerful, long-lasting oxidizing agent capable of destroying the
organic contaminants so the sanitizer can be effective in killing bacteria.
Contact your chemical supplier for the best “shocking” agent in conjunction with
the line of chemicals being used. For spas installed outside and directly in sunlight, algae
growth may be a problem. If this occurs, contact your retailer or chemical manufacturer
for advice on the best agent available to handle this problem.
REMEMBER!:
1. Before using chemicals, read the labels and follow directions carefully.
2. Always add the chemicals directly to the spa water, either in a suitable feeder,
distributed over the surface of the water, or poured into the water, preferably with
the pump and bubbler on.
3. Never add chemicals to the spa while people are using it.
4. Maintaining temperature between 95-104
°
F (35-40
°
C) is essential as a health
factor for bathers and is helpful in controlling water problems.
5. The bottom line to proper water maintenance is to adhere to a regular schedule
of testing chemical levels and maintaining them.
WATER CHEMISTRY MAINTENANCE
Water Chemistry Guidelines
39
Summary of Contents for Aruba LX
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