82
•
Hsjf¬G Hgf¨hV¢m. •U¬ jef¢J r…G Hgf¨hV¢m ÷ ‘•U¬ j‘w¢G
HglOEhfS
A
‘
B
‘•YgR HglOEu¬.
aPK Hgf¨hV¢m
jkf¢i: ¢¥F HgŒ¢hL faPK Hgf¨hV¢m ‘ •¢m j¬ObJ td Hg¥§h«
Hg”§Vfhzd lK rfG Hgfhgy¢K tŒ¨.
¢l”K aPK Hgf¨hV¢m •¢qh‰ f¬‘K jPV¢”§h lK Hggufm ‘ ƒg“
92•
tjp HglOEu¬. •twG lOEfS
A
ggj¢hV Hg”§Vfhzd lK
HglOEfS
B
ggf¨hV¢m lK ObG Hgqy¨ Ugn Hg¥«x Hg¥hkfd.
03•
¬OG lOEfS ahPK Hgf¨hV¢m td l¶Oƒ Hgj¢hV Hglk«gd lv
îjfhc Hgjug¢lhJ HglVtOEm. rL fj‘w¢G HglOEfS
B
lv
HglOEfS
C
gahPK Hgf¨hV¢m.
13•
fu¬ Hkj§hx HgaPK •twG ahPK Hgf¨hV¢m lK l¶Oƒ Hgj¢hV
Hglk«gd’ eL
•twG HglOEfS
C
lK HglOEfS
B.
23•
¬OG HglOEfS
B
td HglOEfS
A
fhg”hlG Pjn ¢sjOEV .
td Hgk§h¢m jƒ”V ¬Hzl‰h îUh¬M ‘qv r…G Hgf¨hV¢m’
‘efJ
HglOEu¬.
jkf¢i
Ulg¢hJ HgjV”¢F ¢¥F •K ¢Œ‘L f§h Hgfhgy‘K tŒ¨.
Hkjfi Uk¬lh jŒ‘L fïOVHœ HguVfm lK Hgjyg¢T
.
¥l¢v Hglshl¢V ‘ H®¥«Hx Hgwy¢VM j‘¥¬ td ”¢S ¬HOG Hgwk¬‘R.
Hgf¨hV¢m r¬ j”‘K fhg…uG lV”fm ¬HOG Hglkjµ.
1
•
jef¢J Hgu¥bJ H®lhl¢m: ¥§«
2
lK Hg
4
U¥bJ lK ObG
î¬OhG Hgl¥VN Hgs¬Hsd Hga”G td Hg¥hkF Hg¬HOgd g”G lk§lh.
•f¬• td î¬OhG Y¨hx î¨hV g”G lk§lh lK ObG Hgqy¨ lK
Hg¥hkF Hgluh”S.
2
•
HsjlV td sPF •Y¨¢m HgPlh¢m ®ƒVc j‘¥¢i U¥gm HgOE¢h¬M.
3
•
•¬OG Ugn •P¬ •ƒVc j‘¥¢i U¥gm HgOE¢h¬M fhgjsgsG Hgjhgd:
PgOEm lu¬k¢m ”f¢VM eL Hgu¥gm eL
PgOEm s‘¬Hx ‘PgOEm
lu¬k¢m wy¢VM.
4
•
•¬OG whl‘gm lefJ Hgu¥gm fhsjO¬HL H®¬HM Hgl«‘¬M. •f¬•
fhg¨V¢OEm ƒHj§h ggu¥gm H®lhl¢m H®OVN.
5
•
jef¢J Hgu¥bJ HgOg…¢m: •¬OG HgPgOEj¢K Hg¬HzV¢K HglP¬¬M
)Hgl‘¥§m( td Hgu¥gm lK ObG Hgqy¨’ ”lh £‘ lf¢K td
Hga”G ‘HsjlV lK ObG î¬OhG •Y¨¢m H™¨hVHJ fhgqy¨ td
Hg¥«x HgOhV¥d lK Hgu¥gm.
6
•
•sPF •Y¨¢m HgPlh¢m gglP‘V HgOg…d. •¬OG td Hg¥hkF H®¢sV
lK Hgs¢hVM l¥VN Hgj‘¥¢i Hglsj¬¢V ‘HjV“ ¥hkfi H®lgS
l‘¥i khP¢m HgOhV oe. HsjlV lK ObG ‘qv HglP‘V ‘PgOEm
lu¬k¢m ”f¢VM.
7
•
•¬OG td Hg¥hkF H®¢lK lK Hgs¢hVM Hgu¥gm td HglPV“
Hg”§Vfhzd ‘lP¬¬ HgsVUm. •f¬• td î¬OhG Hgu¥gm H®OVN lK
Hg¥hkF Hgluh”S. •¬OG HgPgOEm Hgs‘¬Hx ‘HgPgOEm Hglu¬k¢m
Hgwy¢VM g”G ¥«x. qv Hgw‘Hl¢G HglP¬¬M ‘efJ td Hg‘rJ
ƒHji Hgu¥bJ fhsjO¬HL H®¬HM HglVtOEm Hglkhsfm ‘”lham.
8
•
efJ UK ¨V¢R Hgqy¨ Hg
4
•Y¨¢m HgOhwm fhgu¥bJ.
9
•
•¬OG ƒVHc jy¢¢V HgsVUm td l”hki Pjn jslv w‘J kOEVM
Hgjef¢J.
01
•
qv ”hfp Hgw¬lhJ td Hg¥«x H®lhld lK Hgs¢hVM’ lv î¬OhG
Hg¨VT Hg¥hkfd td l”hki.
11
•
efJ ”hfp Hgw¬lhJ.
21
•
•¬OG ƒVHc HglOE‘¬ td Hg¬HUL HgOhW fi’
lv lVHUhM î¬VHoe
•qbc HglOE‘¬ fa”G ”hlG td ‘P¬HJ Hg¬UL ’
”lh £‘
l‘qp td Hga”G.
31
•
HsjlV lK ObG îP”hL îYbR l¥l‘Um HglOE‘¬ fl¥V¬
j¥l¢u§h.
41
•
•¬OG Y¨hx HglOE‘¬.
51
•
•¬OG HglOEhfQ Pjn k§h¢m Hgl¥VN’ lv Hgj¶”¬ lK îP”hL
jef¢J HgjV‘S.
61
•
•¬OG l¥l‘Um HglOE‘¬ Ugn rq¢F U¥gm HgOE¢h¬M lv
Hgqy¨ Ug¢§h lK H®s…G îgn H®Ugn g¥ug§h jjkhsF lv Hg…
jPj¢K’ ”lh £‘ l‘qp td Hga”G.
71
•
•f¬• td jef¢j§h fhgfVHYd.
81
•
•¬OG VtVT Hglw¬ lv Hgj¶”¬ lK H™¬OhG Hg”hlG gu¬¬
2
•¬HM
jef¢J O¨ht¢m.
91
•
•¬OG HglslhV td Hg…jPm ‘efJ HgVtVT . •tuG Hgadx ƒHji lv
HgVtVT HgljfOEd.
02
•
•¬OG Hg§‘Hzd td Hg…jPm Hglkhsfm gi ‘•¬tui.
12
•
•¬V Hg”hfp H®PlV OgT HglOEu¬ Pjn ¢wfp td Hg‘qv
HglahV îg¢i td Hga”G.
A:
HglOEu¬ lygR’
B:
¢l”K tjp
HglOEu¬.
22
•
•qy¨ khP¢m H®s…G Ugn Hg¥«x HgOg…d lK «V jPV¢V HgOE…
G gjs§¢G tjp HglOEu¬. •Vtv HglOEu¬.
32
•
rL fj‘w¢G lOEhfS Hg”§Vfhx. td Hgk§h¢m jƒ”V ¬Hzl
‰h îYbR
‘jef¢J HglOEu¬. Hgs¢hVM ¥h£«M gbsjO¬HL.
OwhzW ‘ HsjO¬HL HglV”fm
42
•
Hg¬‘Hsm: ¬‘Hsm Hgl½sVc / tVHlG îg”jV‘k¢m÷ Uk¬ Vtv HgOE¬L
julG Hg…VHlG jgOEhz¢‰h.
52
•
ƒVHc jf¬¢G HgsVUm: Hgs¢hVM l¥§«M fs¢V •lhld ‘›OV ggV¥‘c
ggOgT .
1
= HgsVUm H®‘gn ggs¢V
R
= HgV¥‘c ggOgT
Hsjf¬HG Hgf¨hV¢m
jkf¢i: Vs‘lhJ Hgf¨hV¢hJ îV ah¬¢m tŒ¨. r¬ jOjgT
Hgf¨hV¢m
HgOhwm f“ UK Hgkl‘ƒœ Hglw‘V . B ¢CeV ƒg“ Ugn lj‘Hg¢hJ
Ulg¢hJ HBsjf¬HG ‘HgaPK Hgl‘qPm.
62
•
•¬V Hg”hfp H®PlV OgT HglOEu¬ ‘HtjPi. •qy¨ khP¢m H®s…
G Ugn Hg¥«x HgOg…d lK «V jPV¢V HgOE…G gjs§¢G tjp
HglOEu¬. •Vtv HglOEu¬. •twG lOEfS Hgj¢hV Hg”§Vfhzd
lK lOEfS Hgf¨hV¢m lK ObG Hgqy¨ fa”G ¥hkfd.
72
•
t“ r…G Hgf¨hV¢m ‘•«gi.
jug¢lhJ HgjV”¢F
HgjVӢF
®lhK Hg¨…G: rfG jay¢G HguVfm’ HrV• ‘ Hjfv Hgjug¢lhJ Hgjhg¢m fukh¢m.
•
rL fjug¢L
¨…g“ HBsjO¬HL HgwP¢p gguVfm gŒ¢h¬M ›lkm ‘ lljum.
•
¢¥F HsjO¬HL gufm H®¨…hG fPƒV’
flh •k§h jj¨gF l§hVM ”f¢VM gj…
h¬D HgsŒ‘¨ •‘ Hgjwh¬L HgƒD r¬ ¢sfF qVV
‰H ggl
½sjO¬L
‘g‚OV¢K.
•
rfG HgjPV“ j¶”¬ •K Hg¨V¢R OhG¸ lK H®aOhW •‘ H®a¢hx.
•
r¬ f‘qv ¢¬¢“ Ugn HglŒ‘¬/U¥gm HgŒ¢h¬M ‘ Hk±V ¬Hzlh‰ îgn Hg¨V¢R.
•
rL fhg”fp td Hg‘rJ HglkhsF gjj¥kF Hgjwh¬lhJ.
jkf¢i!
Hglkjµ l«‘¬ fk±hL tVHlG ¢j¨gF •K ¢‘¥i aOW fhg» jug¢l
‰h
l½khsf‰h gg¨…G.
jkf¢i!
•
j¶”¬ •K ¥l¢v lshl¢V/ w‘Hl¢G jef¢J Hgu¥bJ lP”lm ¥¢¬H‰.
•
îƒH jL HsjO¬HL
HguVfm fjPl¢G l…V¨ ’ leG HgŒ¢h¬M t‘R HgVlhG
HgkhUlm •‘ H®‘PhG •‘ H®VHqd Hgl…””m ¥¬H‰’
tïK rh¨v Hgj¢hV
HgOhW fhgjPl¢G Hgl…V¨ s‘T ¢Œ¨v HgŒ¬VM t‘VH
‰. ‘ s‘T
¢j¥¬¬
j‘«¢v HgŒ¬VM fu¬ fqum e‘HK.
Hsjljhc lsjlV
HPj…± fl¥l‘Um f¨hV¢hJ laP‘km ¥h£«M gbsjO¬HL.
HguVfm B julG€
•
j¶”¬ lK U¬L ‘¥‘¬ ”hfbJ l…w‘gm jPJ aV¢Pm H™sVHc.
•
j¶”¬ lK UlG «V H™sVHc ‘ rL fjy¢¢VI Uk¬ Hgg«‘L.
•
j¶”¬ •K Hgf¨hV¢m lefjm td Hg¥§h« Hg”§Vfhzd.
tŒ¬J HguVfm r¬Vj§h€
•
HaPK Hgf¨hV¢hJ. îƒH HsjlVJ Hgla”gm fu¬ HgaPK HtPW Hgf¨hV¢hJ
‘ ahPK Hgf¨hV¢hJ td •P¬ lVH”« HgO¬lm.
r‘HU¬ ggŒ¢h¬M H·lkm
la”bJ€
O¬lm Hgulbx
jŒ¬L aV”m
ogereP geP
O¬lm lh fu¬ Hgf¢v’ fa”G lfhaV •‘ lK
ObG af”m lK lVH”« HgO¬lm Hgl…‘qm’ ggŒ¢hL
f¶¢m îwbPhJ •‘
jf¬¢bJ ‘ f¢v r¨v Hgy¢hV H®wg¢m.
gbjwhG f¶P¬ lV”« HgO¬lm rL f«¢hVM l‘rukh
/troppus/etis-syot/moc.ogerepgep.labolg//:ptth
ggŒ¢hL f¶D ¨gF ¢¥F •K ¢”‘K td P‘«j”L
HgVrL
Hgjsgsgd HgOhW
fhglkjµ. ‘gjP¬¢¬ HgVrL
Hgjsgsgd’ rL
fhB¨bc Ugn Hgw…Pm
HglOwwm gŒ¨v Hgy¢hV .
.
îK aV”m
ogereP geP
lsju¬M gjgf¢m HPj¢h¥hJ lsj§g”¢§h ‘
îVqhz§L f¶tqG a”G. ‘ g§ƒH’
tluVtm V•D Ulbzkh ¢a”G •£l¢m
”f¢VM ‘ r¢lm fhgksfm gkh. ‘ lK eL ts‘T
k”‘K ah”V¢K îƒH rlJ’
fu¬ HsjO¬HL •P¬ lkj¥hjkh’
flGx Hsjf¢hK îVqhx Hglsj§g“ HgƒD
s‘T j¥¬I Ugn af”m H™kjVkJ td Hguk‘HK Hgjhgd:
moc.ogerepgep.www
lv H™ahVM îgn •¢m lbP±hJ •‘ HrjVHPhJ.
