jkf¢i
Ulg¢hJ HgjV”¢F ¢¥F •K ¢Œ‘L f§h Hgfhgy‘K tŒ¨.
Hkjfi Uk¬lh jŒ‘L fïOVHœ HguVfm lK Hgjyg¢T
.
¥l¢v Hglshl¢V ‘ H®¥«Hx Hgwy¢VM j‘¥¬ td ”¢S ¬HOG Hgwk¬‘R.
Hgf¨hV¢m r¬ j”‘K fhg…uG lV”fm ¬HOG Hglkjµ.
B jsjO¬L Hggufm td Phgm ‘¥‘¬ •D jgT
fu¬ tjp Hgugfm’ ‘j‘¥i Hgd
kŒ¨m Hgf¢v •‘ HjwG flV”« Hgw¢hkm.
Hkjfi ¥¢¬‰htd Phgm ‘¥‘¬ H®¨…hG •ekhx Ulg¢m jV”¢F Hggufm fsfF
HglOh¨V Hgjd ll”K •K jsff§h H®¥«Hx Hgwy¢VM )O¨V HBfjbc(
‘H®”¢hS Hgfbsj¢”¢m Hgjd jPj‘D Ug¢§h )O¨V HBOjkhR(.
¢¥F Uk¬ jV”¢F Hggufm •K ¢”‘K fP‘«j“ l…“ ls¨p’ ‘l…“
t¢g¢fS’ ‘l¨V
rm ‘”lham.
HgjVӢF
1 •
¥§« Hgu¥gj¢K HgOg…¢j¢K )Hgu¥gj¢K H®”fV P¥l‰h( ‘V”F
H®¨‘HR fïP”hL td Hg¥«x HgOhV¥d lv HgP…h± Ugn HBj¥hI
HgwP¢p gg‘¥i HgOhV¥d g´¨hV )•k±V Hgw‘VM(.
2 •
•¬OG UK ¨V¢R Hgjua¢R ‘P¬jd Hgjef¢J )
2
( Hgljuhl¢K td
Hg¥«x Hg¬HOgd ggu¥gm.
3 •
rL fgT
Hg§¢”G V•s‰h Ugn UŒF
. qv Hgu¥gj¢K td Hg§¢”G UK
¨V¢R jlV¢V£lh td lP‘V Hgu¥gm lv îfŒhx H®¨‘HR fhgOhVœ’
”lh £‘ l‘qp td Hgw‘VM.
4 •
¢‘qv lK ”G ¥hkF td HglP‘V fhgjuhrF: PgŒm fbsj¢”¢m
”f¢VM’ PgŒm lu¬k¢m wy¢VM ‘whl‘gm. efJ Hgu¥bJ UK
¨V¢R Hgqy¨ fïP”hL td k…S Hg‘rJ Ugn Hgw‘Hl¢G fhgl…hj¢p
Hgl«‘¬M lv Hglkjµ.
5 •
efJ ƒVHUd Hgj‘¥¢i Ugn rq¢F Hgj‘¥¢i fhglslhV¢K Hgg‘gf¢K
HglVtŒ¢K lv Hglkjµ.
6 •
V”F fïP”hL r¨uj¢K lljW w¬lhJ H®lhl¢j¢K’
”lh £‘
l‘qp td Hgw‘VM )Hkjfi ggŒ¨um Hg¢l¢K
XD
‘Hg¢shV
XS
’
HglahV îg¢§L ¬HOG HgŒ¨v(.
7 •
¥§« Hgu¥bJ H®lhl¢m’ UK ¨V¢R î¬OhG H®¨‘HR )lv H®Oƒ
td HBUjfhV ¬Hzl‰h HBj¥hI HgwP¢p gg‘¥i HgOhV¥d g´¨hV(
‘HgjV”¢F f¬HOg§h Hgjua¢R ‘P¬jd Hgjef¢J )
2
( Hgljuhl¢K
HgljfŒ¢¢K.
8 •
H¬OG fhgjuhrF td ƒVHc Hgj‘¥¢i: PgŒm lu¬k¢m ”f¢VM’
1
U¥gm
lv H™fŒhx Ugn Hg¨‘R fhgOhVœ’ PgŒm fbsj¢”¢m ”f¢VM’
PgŒm
lu¬k¢m wy¢VM ‘whl‘gm. •P”L
YgR fhgljh– Hgl«‘¬ lv
Hglkjµ. •U¬ Hgulg¢m ggu¥gm H®lhl¢m HgljfŒ¢m.
9 •
UK ¨V¢R Hgqy¨ rL fjV”¢F •Y¨¢m î¨hV Hgs¢hVM Ugn
Hgu¥bJ.
01
•
lK ObG rgF ¥sL Hglkjµ HgOg…d’
rL fjV”¢F Hg¥«z¢K
Hg¥hkf¢K Hg¢l¢K
XD
‘Hg¢shV
XS
fhgjua¢R’ ”lh £‘ l‘qp
td Hgw‘VM.
11
•
efJ H®¥«Hx fhglslhV¢K Hgg‘gf¢K Hgl«‘¬¢K lv Hglkjµ.
21
•
•¬OG H®kf‘f¢K lv Hgk‘HfQ Hgg‘gf¢m td H®sb“ HgOhwm f§L ’
lv Hgqy¨ Ugn Hgk‘HfQ Hgg‘gf¢m Pjn Hgjef¢J Hg”hlG.
31
•
V”F ¥sL Hglkjµ HgOg…d Ugn Hg§¢”G’
UK ¨V¢R î¬OhG
H®khf¢F •‘g‰h ‘jef¢ji fhg‘P¬HJ HgOhwm fi.
41
•
¢‘qv Hglkjµ Ugn Hg¥hkF’ efJ ¥sL
Hglkjµ fh®Vfum lshl¢V
Hgg‘gf¢m Hgl«‘¬M lv Hglkjµ )Hek¢K g”G ¥hkF(’ ”lh £‘ l‘qp.
51
•
qv lŒfQ khrG HgPV”m fhgqy¨ Ug¢i.
61
•
‘wG rhfS Hgf¨hV¢m fhgk±hL Hg”§Vfhzd
71
•
qv HglŒhU¬ fï¬OhG ‘P¬M Hgjef¢J HgOg…¢m td Hg§¢”G •‘g‰h
‘efj§h UK ¨V¢R gT O¨hT
H®lhK H®lhld.
81
•
îK HglŒu¬ l…j‘– td Hga”G
A
‘lygR td Hga”G
B.
91
•
H¬OG •¨VHT k§h¢m P«HL
H®lhK td Hg¥«z¢¢K HglOww¢K
gVf¨§lh’ ”lh £‘ l‘qp td Hgw‘VM.
02
•
efJ HgP«Hl¢K td Hgs¢hVM fhglshl¢V Hgg‘gf¢m’ lv •Oƒ HBkjfhI
lK HBj¥hI HgwP¢p gg”bL Hgl”j‘F
.
12
•
V”F ¥«zd U¥gm HgŒ¢h¬M ffuq§lh )U¥gm HgŒ¢h¬M ‘HgPgŒm
Hglu¬k¢m HgjPj¢m( fhgqy¨ Ug¢§lh.
22
•
jV”¢F ›gm jkf¢i:
1 -
H¬OG HgkhfQ Hgg‘gfd’
2 -
rL fï«Hgm HgVfh¨ Hgfbsj¢”d lK j¥§¢« Hgw‘J. îK
j¥§¢« Hgw‘J l¬UL fhg…uG febE f¨hV¢hJ
44RL
¥h£«M
gbsjulhG.
3
- ¢¾‘qv j¥§¢« Hgw‘J Ugn Hg¥hkF HgleŒ‘F j¥hI H®s…G.
32
•
rL fjV”¢F Hgy¨hx ‘H™¨hV fhgjua¢R td lV”« U¥gm HgŒ¢h¬M.
42
•
V”F U¥gm HgŒ¢h¬M lv îfŒhx lP‘V U¥gm HgŒ¢h¬M td Hg¢¬
H®OVN. qv eŒ‘F U¥gm HgŒ¢h¬M t‘R eŒ‘F lP‘V U¥gm
HgŒ¢h¬M. eL efji fhglshl¢V Hgg‘gf¢m ‘Hgwhl‘gm Hgl«‘¬M lv
Hglkjµ.
52
•
qv Hgl‘H¬ HgbwŒm Ugn Y¨hx lPV“ Hgs¢hVM’
lv Hjfhc
Hgjug¢lhJ HglVtŒm. •¬OG Hg«¥hœ H®lhld ‘efji flshl¢V HgfVlm
Hgl«‘¬M lv Hglkjµ.
62
•
V”F HglV›j¢K Hg¥hkf¢j¢K fhgqy¨ Ug¢§lh ‘efj§lh fhglshl¢V
Hgg‘gf¢m HglVtŒm lv Hglkjµ.
72
•
qv HgaV¢¨ HgbwR Hg…qd ¬HOG HglV›j¢K ‘efj§lh td
Hgs¢hVM fhglslhV¢K Hgg‘gf¢K.
jug¢lhJ HgjV”¢F
82
•
efJ UK ¨V¢R Hgjua¢R )
2
( rq¢fd Hg¬UL HgOg…¢¢K.
92
•
efJ UK ¨V¢R Hgjua¢R thk‘S Hgs¢hVM HglV”«D.
03
•
fJ UK ¨V¢R Hgjua¢R Hg…‘Hk¢S Hg¥hkf¢m H®lhl¢m.
13
•
¢‘qv HgaV¢¨ HgbwR Hg…qd td l‘qv Hg…‘Hk¢S
‘Hglwhf¢p Hg¥hkf¢m. efJ UK ¨V¢R Hgjua¢R «¥hœ Hg…‘Hk¢S
‘Hglwhf¢p Hg¥hkf¢m.
23
•
rL fï«Hgm HgVH¬¢‘ lK
Ybti. t“ fhF Hgf¨hV¢m. qv f¨hV¢j¢K
lK Hgk‘c
AA
r¬VM
V5,1
’
Y¢V lVtŒm’ td Hgl”hK
HglOwW g§lh lv lVHUhM r¨f¢m Hgf¨hV¢m. fu¬ HBkj§hx lK
Hgulg¢m’ •U¬
YgR Y¨hx Hgf¨hV¢m ‘•P”L
Vf¨i.
33
•
•¬OG Hgsg“ Hg§‘Hzd ‘HgVH¬¢‘ td Hgl”hK HglP¬¬ g§lh td g‘Pm
HgŒ¢h¬M’ lv HBkjfhI gbj¥hI HgwP¢p ”lh £‘ l‘qp td
Hgw‘VM.
l‘Hw…hJ ‘HsjO¬HL HguVfm
43
•
A
: Ohkm P…± H®YVHQ fhglŒw‘VM
B
:
VH¬¢‘ HT HL
VH¬¢‘ ggs¢hVM PŒ¢Œd rhfG gg…“ ¢ulG lsjŒb‰.
C:
¬‘Hsm HgsVUm ‘ tVHlG ”§Vfhz¢m. Uk¬ Vtv HgŒ¬L UK
¬‘Hsm HgsVUm’ julG Hg…VHlG jgŒhz¢
‰h.
›gm jkf¢i. îK Hgs¢hVM l«‘¬M f‡gm jkf¢i.
53
•
gjay¢G HgVH¬¢‘ Hqy¨ Ugn l…jh–
3
• ™¢ŒhT jay¢G HgVH¬¢‘
Hqy¨ Ugn l…jh–
4
. gjy¢¢V HgjV¬¬ fhgfPE H·gd Hqy¨ Ugn
Hgl…jh–
5
. ggV¥‘c gg‘qv H®wgd ggjV¬¬ Hqy¨ Ugn Hgl…jh–
6
. Uk¬ hT jay¢G HgVH¬¢‘ gK ¢jL
P…± HgjV¬¬. ggjP”L td
lsj‘N Hgw‘J’ HsjO¬L
Hgl„Œf
ˆQ
2
. gqf¨ Hg‘rJ’ ‘HwG
Hgqy¨ Ugn l…jh– )qf¨
TES(
‘td k…S Hg‘rJ Y¢V
HgshUm lK Hgl…hj¢p )shUm -
RH(
‘ )¬r¢Œm-
NIM(
îK
HgVH¬¢‘ l«‘¬ fl¬OG
1 XUA
gj‘w¢G •¥§«M Hg
3PM.
63
•
g…“ P«HL H®lhK:
1
H¬tv j¥hI Hg‘s¨ ‘Hqy¨ td k…S Hg‘rJ
Ugn Hgl…jh–’
2
t“ HgP«HL.
73
•
lŒfQ khrG HgPV”m:
1
•‘G sVUm ggs¢V .
2
: ehkd sVUm
ggs¢V . HgV¥‘c ggOgT
Hkjfi: Uk¬lh j«¢G Hgs¢hVM lK HgybT
sjjl”K Hgs¢hVM lK Hgs¢V tŒ¨ Ugn •‘G sVUm ‘ggOgT .
BsjO¬HL HgsVUm Hgehk¢m jwVT
”lh td Hgw‘VM
83
.
83
•
rL f…“ HglslhV Hgg‘gfd lK ‘P¬M hT
HgsVUm Hgehk¢m. •¬V
‘P¬M H™¢ŒhT gg‘qv Hgjhgd. HVf¨ HglslhV Hgg‘gfd g‘P¬M
H™¢ŒhT l¥¬¬
‰h. ‘H·K ”G sVUhJ ljhPm.
Hsjf¬HG Hgf¨hV¢hJ
44RL
93
•
›gm Hgjkf¢i julG f…qG
3
f¨hV¢hJ Ugn a”G «VH¢V
44RL
l‘¥‘¬M ¬HOG Hg‘P¬M Hgw‘j¢m. ‘Bsjf¬Hg§h‘HtwG HgPgŒm
‘Y¨hx ›gm Hgjkf¢i lv gshkd Hgjef¢J Hgl‘¥‘¬¢K •s…G U¥gm
HgŒ¢h¬M.
•OVœ Hg‘P¬M Hgw‘j¢m ‘t“ lshl¢V Y¨hx j¥‘¢T
Hgf¨hV¢hJ.
04
•
•OVœ Hgf¨hV¢hJ Hglsjk…ƒM ‘Hsjf¬g§h f¶OVN ¥¬¢¬M lK k…S
Hgk‘c lv HBgj«HL fhj¥hI HgŒ¨f¢m Hgsg¢L. eL
•U¬ ¥l¢v H®¥«Hx
îgn l‘qu§h.
Hsjf¬HG Hgf¨hV¢m
jkf¢i: Vs‘lhJ Hgf¨hV¢hJ îV ah¬¢m tOE¨. r¬ jOjgT
f¨hV¢j“ UK
Hgkl‘ƒoe Hgl‘qp. ‘£ƒH B ¢CeV Ugn jsgsG Ulg¢m HBsjf¬HG
‘HgaPK Hgl‘qPm.
14
•
rL fï«Hgm HglŒhU¬ gg‘w‘G îgn l‘qv Hgf¨hV¢m. HtwG r‘HfS
jyƒ¢m Hgf¨hV¢m.
24
•
t“ HglslhV¢K Hgg‘gf¢K lK ‘P¬M jef¢J Hgf¨hV¢m ‘rL fï«Hgj§h
”lh £‘ l‘qp td Hgw‘VM. HOVœ Hgf¨hV¢m.
34
•
qv Hgf¨hV¢m Hg¥¬¢¬M td ‘P¬M jef¢J Hgf¨hV¢m ‘efj§h
fhglslhV¢K Hgg‘gf¢K. ‘wG rhfS Hgf¨hV¢m lv Hgk±hL
Hg”§Vfhzd. •U¬ ‘qv ‘jef¢J HglŒhU¬.
aPK Hgf¨hV¢m
jkf¢i: aPK Hgf¨hV¢m ‘•¢m Ulg¢hJ td Hglk±‘lm Hg”§Vfhz¢m ¢¥F •K
jjL f‘Hs¨m •aOhW fhgy¢K.
¢l”K aPK Hgf¨hV¢m Pjn f¬‘K î«Hgj§h lK Hggufm.
44
•
•¬OG rhfS ahPK Hgf¨hV¢m td lŒfS lk«gd ‘Hjfv Hgjug¢lhJ
HglVtŒm. ‘wG HgŒhfS
B
fhgŒhfS
C
gahPK Hgf¨hV¢m.
54
•
fu¬ HBkj§hx lK HgaPK HtwG ahPK Hgf¨hV¢m lK HglŒfS
Hglk«gd eL HtwG HgŒhfS
C
lK HgŒhfS
B
64
•
‘wG rhfS Hgf¨hV¢m lv rhfS Hgk±hL Hg”§Vfhzd f
fuq§lh
HgfuQ. qv ‘P¬M jef¢J Hgf¨hV¢m. fu¬ HBkj§hx lK Hgulg¢m
jƒ”V ¬Hzl‰h •K j”lG Ulg¢m
HgygR ‘Hgjef¢J.
