Pentair P42B0007A2-01, Electronic Manual

Page 1: ...pentek Electronics Manual Installation Operation Maintenance WWW PUMPS COM ...

Page 2: ...arting Frequency 7 11 Troubleshooting SECTION 8 Pentek Intellidrive Variable Frequency Drives 8 1 General Safety 8 2 Description 8 3 Installation 8 4 Initial Startup Programming Procedure 8 5 Advanced Programming 8 6 I O Connections 8 7 Wiring Sizing Repair Parts Specifications 8 8 Troubleshooting 8 9 Warranty SECTION 9 PPC Series 50 60 Hz Variable Frequency Drives 9 1 Pentek PPC Series Drives 9 2...

Page 3: ...or serious injury indicates a hazard which if not avoided could result in minor or moderate injury NOTICE addresses practices not related to personal injury Carefully read and follow all safety instructions in this manual and on product Keep safety labels in good condition Replace missing or damaged safety labels Fatal Electrical Shock Hazard Ground motor controls all metal pipe and accessories co...

Page 4: ...ll stainless steel S CBM Horsepower 0005 1 2 HP 0007 3 4 HP 0010 1 HP 0015 1 1 2 HP 0020 2 HP 0030 3 HP 0050 5 HP 0075 7 1 2 HP 0100 10 HP Frequency A 60 Hz B 50 Hz C 50 60 Hz Voltage 1 115 V 1 Ph 2 230 V 1 Ph 3 230 V 3 Ph 4 460 V 3 Ph 5 575 V 3 Ph 8 200 V 3 Ph Revision Code Sample P43B0010A2 01 is a PENTEK 4 Stainless Steel Motor 1 HP 60 Hz 230 V 1 Ph Rev 1 Name Plate Example ...

Page 5: ... Variable Frequency Drive Nomenclature 2 3 Submersible Motor Controls The chart below shows the naming for a Submersible Motor control Standard box capacitor run 5 horsepower 230 volt single phase drive Style CR Cap Run IR Induction Run CRP Cap Run with contactor Series SMC_ Std SMC5 50 Hz SMC CR 50 2 1 HP x 10 05 0 5 hp 07 75 hp 10 1 hp 15 1 5 hp 20 2 hp 30 3 hp 50 5 hp Voltage 1 115 v 2 230 v Ph...

Page 6: ...systems must have lightning surge protection with a secure connection to ground An above ground lighting surge protection must be grounded metal to metal and extend all the way to the water bearing layer to be effective Do not ground the lightning surge protection to the supply ground or to a ground rod as this will provide little or no surge protection to the unit All motors are internally ground...

Page 7: ...ot stop the pump until the water is clear Otherwise sand will accumulate in the pump stages which may bind or freeze the pump 9 Remove gate valve and make permanent installation NOTICE The motor may draw higher than normal current while the riser pipe is filling After the riser pipe is full the amp draw should drop back to less than the allowed current given on the motor nameplate When pump is in ...

Page 8: ... box 1 Taped splice for larger wire sizes A Stagger lead and wire length so that 2nd lead is 2 50mm longer than 1st lead and 3rd lead is 2 50mm longer than second B Cut off power supply wire ends Match colors and lengths of wires to colors and lengths of motor leads C Trim insulation back 1 2 13mm from supply wire and motor lead ends Figure 4 2 D Insert motor lead ends and supply wire ends into bu...

Page 9: ... the motors The control device in the secondary circuit is typically a pressure switch Other control could be provided by level control timers or manual switches Line Voltage Control This commonly used control has a coil energized by line voltage The coil voltage matches the line voltage Low Voltage Control This starter arrangement uses a transformer to allow the coil to be energized by a lower vo...

Page 10: ...d in Section 12 to calculate current unbalance on a three phase supply system and retain for future reference NOTICE Current unbalance between leads should not exceed 5 If unbalance cannot be corrected by rolling the leads locate the source of the unbalance Here is an example of current readings at maximum pump loads on each leg of a three wire hookup Make calculations for all three possible hooku...

Page 11: ...ler than listed in Table 4 2 for supply power to the motor alone Transformers are rated by KVA capacity This must be high enough capacity for the motor being installed If the transformer capacity is too small the motor will receive reduced voltage and may be damaged Any other loads in the system would be in addition to the motor alone Refer to Table 4 2 Note that the open delta configuration can o...

Page 12: ...the generator before starting the pump motor The pump motor must be stopped before turning off the generator If the generator runs out of fuel and the pump is still connected it will put excess strain on the thrust bearings as the generator slows Risk of electrocution Use transfer switches when the generator is used as a backup to the power grid Contact your power company or generator manufacturer...

Page 13: ... power to the motor for this test 2 Connect an Ohm meter resistance in Ω between the power leads and the motor ground or well casing 20KΩ Damaged motor possible result of lightning strike 500KΩ Typical of older installed motor in well 2 MΩ Newly installed motor 10 MΩ Used motor measured outside of well 20 MΩ New motor without cable 5 3 Storage and Transportation The motors are filled with a non to...

Page 14: ...2 01 6 6 6 6 0 6 6 970 7 8 7 8 0 7 8 1350 P43B0010A2 01 8 1 8 1 0 8 1 1215 9 4 9 4 0 9 4 1620 P43B0005A1 11 0 11 0 0 11 0 733 12 6 12 6 0 12 6 1021 P43B0005A2 5 5 5 5 0 5 5 745 6 3 6 3 0 6 3 1033 P43B0007A2 7 2 7 2 0 7 2 1014 8 3 8 3 0 8 3 1381 P43B0010A2 8 4 8 4 0 8 4 1267 9 7 9 7 0 9 7 1672 CSCR 3 Wire P43B0005A2 01 4 2 4 1 1 8 4 2 7 15 4 8 4 3 1 8 4 8 960 P43B0007A2 01 4 8 4 4 2 5 4 8 940 6 0 4...

Page 15: ...P43B0015A8 1 1 2 1 1 200 1 3 6 3 1560 7 2 1950 P43B0015A3 230 5 2 1490 6 1 1930 P43B0015A4 460 2 8 1560 3 2 1980 P43B0015A5 575 2 1520 2 4 1950 P43B0020A8 2 1 5 200 1 25 7 5 2015 8 8 2490 P43B0020A3 230 6 5 1990 7 6 2450 P43B0020A4 460 3 3 2018 3 8 2470 P43B0020A5 575 2 7 1610 3 3 2400 P43B0030A8 3 2 2 200 1 15 10 9 2890 12 0 3290 P43B0030A3 230 9 2 2880 10 1 3280 P43B0030A4 460 4 8 2920 5 3 3320 ...

Page 16: ...3 7 52 58 5 61 75 21 L P43B0007A2 01 2 6 3 3 10 4 11 7 60 64 5 64 76 32 P43B0010A2 01 2 0 2 6 9 3 10 4 63 66 66 41 P43B0005A1 0 9 1 6 5 7 7 0 51 59 54 69 49 6 N P43B0005A2 4 2 4 9 17 4 18 7 50 58 58 71 22 3 M P43B0007A2 2 6 3 6 11 8 13 0 55 61 61 72 32 L P43B0010A2 2 2 3 2 11 3 12 3 59 62 66 75 41 2 CSCR 3 Wire P43B0005A2 01 5 1 6 1 12 4 13 7 54 5 61 5 77 87 21 P43B0007A2 01 2 6 3 3 10 4 11 7 62 6...

Page 17: ... 72 26 1 P43B0010A4 17 8 18 8 65 69 13 P43B0015A8 1 9 2 5 72 74 40 L P43B0015A3 2 8 3 4 75 76 32 4 P43B0015A4 12 3 13 1 72 73 16 3 P43B0015A5 19 8 20 6 73 74 11 5 J P43B0020A8 1 4 2 0 74 75 51 K P43B0020A3 1 8 2 4 75 44 P43B0020A4 8 00 8 67 74 23 P43B0020A5 9 4 9 7 78 78 21 4 M P43B0030A8 0 9 1 3 77 77 71 K P43B0030A3 1 3 1 7 58 9 J P43B0030A4 5 9 6 5 76 30 P43B0030A5 9 4 9 7 78 78 21 4 P43B0050A8...

Page 18: ...8 9 13 1 4 inch 3 Wire P43B0005A1 01 1 2 0 37 9 6 244 17 9 8 1 P43B0005A2 01 9 2 234 16 7 7 6 P43B0007A2 01 3 4 0 55 10 3 262 19 8 9 0 P43B0010A2 01 1 0 75 11 2 284 22 0 10 0 P43B0005A1 1 2 0 37 10 0 253 18 9 8 6 P43B0005A2 9 7 246 18 1 8 2 P43B0007A2 3 4 0 55 10 8 275 21 4 9 7 P43B0010A2 1 0 75 11 7 297 23 1 10 5 P43B0005A2 01 1 2 0 37 9 2 234 16 7 7 6 P43B0007A2 01 3 4 0 55 10 3 262 19 8 9 0 P43...

Page 19: ... 8 275 21 4 9 7 P43B0007A3 P43B0007A4 P43B0010A8 1 0 75 11 7 297 23 1 10 5 P43B0010A3 P43B0010A4 P43B0015A8 1 1 2 1 1 P43B0015A3 P43B0015A4 P43B0015A5 P43B0020A8 2 1 5 13 8 351 27 4 12 4 P43B0020A3 P43B0020A4 P43B0020A5 15 3 389 32 14 5 P43B0030A8 3 2 2 P43B0030A3 P43B0030A4 P43B0030A5 P43B0050A8 5 3 7 21 7 550 55 24 9 P43B0050A3 P43B0050A4 P43B0050A5 27 7 703 70 31 8 P43B0075A8 7 1 2 5 6 P43B0075...

Page 20: ...Pressure Angle Min 0 50 23 1 Full Spline ANSI B92 1 Compliant 4 5 16 24 UNF 2A Threaded Studs on 3 76 2 Dia Circle Sand Boot 3 750 95 2 1 5 38 1 max Length 4 Motor All dimensions in inches mm Shaft free end play 005 040 127 1 02 0 97 24 6 max 0 79 20 1 min Figure 5 1 XE Series 4 Motor Dimensions Single and Three Phase XE Series Motors ...

Page 21: ... P42B0005A2 230 15 10 10 P42B0007A2 3 4 0 55 20 15 P42B0010A2 1 0 75 25 15 20 P42B0015A2 1 1 2 1 1 30 25 4 Inch CSIR 3 Wire P43B0005A1 01 1 2 0 37 115 30 20 30 P43B0005A2 01 230 15 10 15 P43B0007A2 01 3 4 0 55 20 20 P43B0010A2 01 1 0 75 25 15 25 P43B0005A1 1 2 0 37 115 30 20 30 P43B0005A2 230 15 10 15 P43B0007A2 3 4 0 55 20 20 P43B0010A2 1 0 75 25 15 25 4 Inch CSCR 3 Wire P43B0005A2 01 1 2 0 37 15...

Page 22: ...15 10 10 P43B0010A3 230 10 6 10 P43B0010A4 460 6 3 6 P43B0015A8 1 1 2 1 1 200 20 10 15 P43B0015A3 230 15 10 15 P43B0015A4 460 10 6 6 P43B0015A5 575 6 3 6 P43B0020A8 2 1 5 200 25 15 20 P43B0020A3 230 15 15 20 P43B0020A4 460 15 6 10 P43B0020A5 575 10 6 10 P43B0030A8 3 2 2 200 35 20 30 P43B0030A3 230 25 15 25 P43B0030A4 460 15 10 15 P43B0030A5 575 10 10 10 P43B0050A8 5 3 7 200 60 35 50 P43B0050A3 230...

Page 23: ...2004 2530 3192 P43B0005A2 01 230 359 571 912 1444 2246 3581 4502 5685 7162 9040 P43B0007A2 01 3 4 281 447 713 1129 1757 2800 3521 4446 5601 7070 8920 P43B0010A2 01 1 233 371 592 937 1458 2324 2921 3689 4648 5867 7402 P43B0005A1 1 2 115 87 138 221 349 544 867 1090 1376 1734 2188 2761 P43B0005A2 230 348 553 883 1398 2175 3467 4359 5505 6935 8753 P43B0007A2 3 4 264 420 670 1061 1651 2632 3309 4178 52...

Page 24: ...5504 P43B0015A5 575 2283 3631 5792 P43B0020A8 2 200 217 344 549 870 1354 2158 2714 3427 4317 5449 P43B0020A3 230 288 459 732 1159 1803 2874 3613 4563 5748 7256 9155 P43B0020A4 460 1153 1835 2926 4635 7212 P43B0020A5 575 1336 2126 3390 5370 P43B0030A8 3 200 159 253 403 638 993 1583 1990 2513 3166 3996 P43B0030A3 230 217 345 551 872 1357 2163 2719 3434 4326 5460 6889 P43B0030A4 460 827 1315 2098 332...

Page 25: ... 26 5 6 13 49 7 20 76 8 30 114 10 50 189 12 80 303 14 110 416 16 150 568 If the flow is less than specified a flow inducer sleeve can be installed as shown in Figure 5 2 The sleeve will act like a smaller casing size to force flow around the motor to aid cooling 5 10 Starting Frequency Recommended motor starting frequency is shown below Motor pressure switch tank and pump life may be extended by l...

Page 26: ...ications 1 Risk of electrical shock if the cable is damaged Inspect the motor cable for any nicks or cuts Do not use the motor cable to pull lift or handle the motor Protect the motor cable during storage handling moving and installation of the motor 2 Inspect the motor to determine that it is the correct horsepower voltage and size for the job and that there is no shipping damage Verify that the ...

Page 27: ...ug with a 5mm hexagonal nut driver B Turn the motor shaft by hand while rocking the motor back and forth see Figure 2 C Pour in clean water until the motor is as full as possible D Repeat the turning rocking procedure E Check the liquid level If necessary add more clean water F When the motor is full re install the fill plug Tighten it with the 5mm hexagonal nut driver Support motor while rocking ...

Page 28: ...clock when you are facing the motor shaft To prevent any load on the shaft and bearings and to avoid any damaging vibrations to the motor mount the motor solidly on the pump end and make sure that the pump and motor are accurately aligned 3 Install the motor so that during operation water flows past all parts of it at a rate of at least 0 5 fps 0 15 mps If the well will not provide this flow insta...

Page 29: ...J 0 1605 3450 38 0 964 5 165 75 6PM2 30 2 30 22 76 6 84 88 85 0 84 89 614 2 K 0 1445 3500 41 8 1 060 5 190 86 Motors are dual rated 50 Hz 60 Hz 6PM2 5 4 5 4 50 380 8 9 75 87 45 6 1763 K 2 9674 2820 22 7 577 90 41 60 460 10 6 75 83 8 2 77 85 51 1 3460 6PM2 7 4 7 1 2 6 50 380 12 5 79 87 66 8 J 1 9828 2820 24 9 632 102 46 60 460 15 4 79 85 11 6 79 86 73 2 3460 6PM2 10 4 10 8 50 380 17 8 78 85 85 6 34...

Page 30: ...dividual conductors rated 60 C in free air or water NOT in magnetic enclosures conduit or direct buried Refer to NEC Table 310 15 B 17 for more information CABLE SELECTION 75 C COPPER CABLE SIZE From Main Breaker Panel to Motor in feet MOTOR AWG MCM VOLTS HZ HP KW FUSE STD Dual Element 14 12 10 8 6 4 3 2 1 0 00 000 0000 250 300 350 400 500 THREE PHASE 230 V 60 Hz 5 3 7 45 25 245 391 620 965 1538 1...

Page 31: ...an be in conduit or direct buried Flat molded and web ribbon cable are considered jacketed cable Refer to NEC Table 310 15 B 16 for more information CABLE SELECTION 60 C COPPER CABLE SIZE From Main Breaker Panel to Motor in feet MOTOR AWG MCM VOLTS HP KW FUSE STD Dual Element 14 12 10 8 6 4 3 2 1 0 00 000 0000 250 300 350 400 500 THREE PHASE 230 V 60 Hz 5 3 7 45 25 391 620 965 1538 1933 2442 3076 ...

Page 32: ...ltiple part numbers use motor amperage to select a panel NEMA SIZE MAX HP OF CONTACTOR DISCONNECT A MAX TOTAL A OF PPX PANEL O L CURRENT RANGE CATALOG NUMBER DIMENSIONS H x W x D WEIGHT LBS 1 10 30 13 5 6 5 13 5 PPX 1C 13 30R 34 x 21 x 7 85 27 13 27 PPX 1C 27 30R 34 x 21 x 7 85 2 25 60 50 25 50 PPX 2C 50 60R 34 x 21 x 7 90 3 50 100 70 35 70 PPX 3C 70 100R 47 5 x 25 x 9 195 100 65 135 PPX 3C 135 20...

Page 33: ...C 6 motors Minimum cooling water flow I D of casing Flow GPM required 6 9 7 25 8 40 10 85 12 140 14 200 16 280 If the flow is less than specified a flow inducer sleeve can be installed This will act like a smaller casing size and force flow around the motor to aid cooling Always use a flow inducer sleeve when the pump is in open water 6 9 Head Loss In Casing Use the chart below to account for the ...

Page 34: ...actual supply voltage is within 10 of nameplate voltage Install correct fuses or relay Re connect motor wires correctly Make sure that motor is at least 10ft above bottom of well check well for sand Install new motor cables recheck resistance with Megohmeter Motor starts and runs then blows fuse or trips circuit breaker Incoming voltage more than 10 high or low sand in well Confirm high or low vol...

Page 35: ...uppressors are recommended in the interest of protecting the control panel as well a s the insulation system of the motor Any motor failure due to lightning or other Acts of God will void the warranty 15 Provide waterproof insulation splices between all lead wires and well cables 16 In the event that a reduced voltage starter is used to start the motor the following should be verified Correct quic...

Page 36: ... be obtained This can be used to determine any pump and motor maintenance and overhauling which might be required If the motor is to be stored protect the unit from freezing by storing in an area with a temperature higher than 30 C 22 F 7 3 Storage and Drain Fill Instructions 1 After energizing the motor check the flow and pressure of the pump to make sure that the motor is rotating in the correct...

Page 37: ...446 50 0 388 60 0 388 8 W 40 0 372 50 0 331 60 0 278 75 0 218 100 0 164 125 0 132 150 0 115 10 W 175 0 121 200 0 0929 250 0 0776 12 W 300 0 0386 Three Phase 4 Pole Motor Size and Type HP Volt Resistance Ω 8 W 7 5 230 564 7 5 460 2 178 10 230 0 564 10 460 2 178 15 230 0 399 15 460 1 519 20 230 0 399 20 460 1 519 25 230 0 242 25 460 0 888 30 230 0 242 30 460 0 888 10 W 40 230 0 408 50 460 0 408 60 4...

Page 38: ...T2 7 4 1 15 2 43 11 13 2 87 24 80 5 5 3 500 99 6 10 7 5 200 3 60 6HIT2 10 8 1 15 33 3 37 2 2 87 26 97 5 5 3 500 110 6 10 7 5 230 1 60 6HIT2 10 1 1 15 R Y B Y R B 1 052 0 316 1 310 50 58 2 87 29 92 5 5 3 500 128 6 10 7 5 230 3 60 6HIT2 10 2 1 15 0 448 29 33 2 87 26 97 5 5 3 500 110 6 10 7 5 460 3 60 6HIT2 10 4 1 15 1 619 14 5 16 5 2 87 26 97 5 5 3 500 110 6 15 11 200 3 60 6HIT2 15 8 1 15 47 4 53 5 ...

Page 39: ... 7 52 10 000 408 8 75 55 460 3 60 3600 8HIT2 75 4 53 15 4 7 52 10 000 463 8 100 75 460 3 60 3600 8HIT2 100 4 53 8 4 7 52 10 000 518 8 125 90 460 3 60 3600 8HIT2 125 4 66 14 4 7 52 10 000 595 8 150 110 460 3 60 3600 8HIT2 150 4 70 08 4 7 52 10 000 661 10 40 30 460 3 60 1800 10HIT4 40 4 49 21 4 8 52 10 000 507 10 50 37 460 3 60 1800 10HIT4 50 4 49 21 4 8 52 10 000 507 10 60 45 460 3 60 1800 10HIT4 6...

Page 40: ...ompliant Min 0 95 24 13 Full Spline 2 875 73 03 2 860 72 64 0 987 25 987 0 982 24 943 5 51 139 95 4 1 2 20 UNF 2B Threaded Studs on 4 375 111 1 Dia Bolt Circle 1 000 25 4 0 999 25 375 All dimensions in inches mm Shaft free end play 0 016 0 154 4 06 3 91 Hitachi 6 and Larger Motors Hitachi is a registered trademark of Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd ...

Page 41: ...38 15 11 60 30 350 558 884 1376 2193 2757 3482 4387 5537 6986 8819 20 15 80 45 428 678 1055 1682 2114 2670 3363 4245 5356 6761 8518 25 19 100 50 535 833 1328 1669 2108 2655 3351 4228 5338 6725 7939 9531 30 22 110 60 433 673 1073 1349 1704 2147 2710 3419 4316 5437 6419 7706 9008 40 30 150 80 519 827 1040 1313 1654 2088 2634 3325 4189 4946 5937 6940 7935 9873 40 30 150 80 502 801 1007 1271 1601 2022...

Page 42: ...558 884 1376 2193 2757 3482 4387 5537 6986 8819 20 15 80 45 428 678 1055 1682 2114 2670 3363 4245 5356 6761 8518 25 19 100 50 338 535 833 1328 1669 2108 2655 3351 4228 5338 6725 7939 9531 30 22 110 60 433 673 1073 1349 1704 2147 2710 3419 4316 5437 6419 7706 9008 40 30 150 80 519 827 1040 1313 1654 2088 2634 3325 4189 4946 5937 6940 7935 9873 40 30 150 80 502 801 1007 1271 1601 2022 2550 3220 4056...

Page 43: ...5 7719 9738 15 11 60 30 558 884 1376 2193 2757 3482 4387 5537 6986 8819 20 15 80 45 678 1055 1682 2114 2670 3363 4245 5356 6761 8518 25 19 100 50 833 1328 1669 2108 2655 3351 4228 5338 6725 7939 9531 30 22 110 60 1073 1349 1704 2147 2710 3419 4316 5437 6419 7706 9008 40 30 150 80 1040 1313 1654 2088 2634 3325 4189 4946 5937 6940 7935 9873 40 30 150 80 1007 1271 1601 2022 2550 3220 4056 4789 5749 6...

Page 44: ...4 1376 2193 2757 3482 4387 5537 6986 8819 20 15 80 45 678 1055 1682 2114 2670 3363 4245 5356 6761 8518 25 19 100 50 535 833 1328 1669 2108 2655 3351 4228 5338 6725 7939 9531 30 22 110 60 673 1073 1349 1704 2147 2710 3419 4316 5437 6419 7706 9008 40 30 150 80 827 1040 1313 1654 2088 2634 3325 4189 4946 5937 6940 7935 9873 40 30 150 80 801 1007 1271 1601 2022 2550 3220 4056 4789 5749 6720 7683 9559 ...

Page 45: ...95 230 240 VAC Note For HPs with multiple part numbers use motor amperage to select a panel NEMA SIZE MAX HP OF CONTACTOR DISCONNECT A MAX TOTAL A OF PPX PANEL O L CURRENT RANGE CATALOG NUMBER DIMENSIONS H x W x D WEIGHT LBS 1 10 30 13 5 6 5 13 5 PPX 1C 13 30R 34 x 21 x 7 85 27 13 27 PPX 1C 27 30R 34 x 21 x 7 85 2 25 60 50 25 50 PPX 2C 50 60R 34 x 21 x 7 90 3 50 100 70 35 70 PPX 3C 70 100R 47 5 x ...

Page 46: ...f casing Flow GPM required 6 9 7 25 8 40 10 85 12 140 14 200 16 280 If the flow is less than specified a flow inducer sleeve can be installed This will act like a smaller casing size and force flow around the motor to aid cooling Always use a flow inducer sleeve when the pump is in open water 7 9 Head Loss In Casing Use the chart below to account for the head loss around the pump 7 10 Starting Fre...

Page 47: ...ltage must be plus or minus 10 of rated Nameplate Replace with proper fuses and relay Replace with proper capacitors Correct wrong connections or short circuit Locked rotor conditions Correct pump or well conditions Insulation resistance down Check the line and correct Motor runs for a while and then blown fuses or relay Low voltage or high voltage Defective capacitors Different control box for th...

Page 48: ... NEVER reach into or change the cooling fan while power is applied to Drive NEVER touch the printed circuit board when power is applied to Drive Risk of fire Can cause severe injury property damage or death if installed with incorrect or inadequate circuit breaker protection To ensure protection in the event of an internal fault in the PentekIntellidrive install the Drive on an independent branch ...

Page 49: ...maximum output amp rating Any use of Drive outside of intended design parameters will void warranty If Drive is used with above ground motors not rated for a Variable Frequency Drive maximize motor life by limiting lead length to 25 ft Refer to pump Owner s Manual and the National Electrical Code for proper wire size Each carton contains PentekIntellidrive Variable Frequency Drive Pressure Transdu...

Page 50: ...n events occur Fan The Drive uses a thermostatically controlled internal fan which operates automatically when necessary to cool the Drive components Figure 2 Pentek Intellidrive keypad functions 6007 0412 Stops the motor Power is ON to Drive A fault has occurred Selects menu items and confirms numeric value changes Displays Drive s current operating condition and changes display parameters Change...

Page 51: ...t There is no risk of fire or electrical shock due to a short circuit The Drive has NEC Class 10 overload protection Minimum 240V generator size NOTICE Information in Tables 3 6 applies ONLY to Pentek motors For other motors refer to motor manufacturer specifications for wire sizing Table 3 Service Entrance to Drive 1 Phase 2 Wire 40 C Ambient and 5 percent Voltage Drop 60C and 75C Insulation copp...

Page 52: ... 107 560 171 893 272 1000 305 P43B0010A2 01 1 7 3 289 88 460 140 734 224 1000 305 P43B0015A2 01 1 1 2 10 9 194 59 308 94 492 150 778 237 1000 305 P43B0020A2 01 2 12 2 173 53 275 84 439 134 696 212 1000 305 Table 6 AWG Wire Sizing Drive to 3 Phase Motor 40 C Ambient and 5 percent Voltage Drop 60C and 75C Insulation copper only Motor P N Motor Rating Maximum Cable Length in feet M Volts HP SFA 14 AW...

Page 53: ...enter bottom hole for attaching to a post or stud See Figure 6 Gap Figure 3 Separate cover and backplate Figure 4 Gap between cover and backplate Figure 5 Pull out bottom of cover 5 Ensure the Drive s ventilation holes are not blocked and there is enough space around it to allow free air flow minimum 3 clearance on top bottom and sides See Figure 6 Once the Drive is mounted electrical wiring can b...

Page 54: ...with above ground motors not rated for Variable Frequency Drive use maximize motor life by limiting lead length to 25 ft Refer to the pump owner s manual the National Electrical Code and local codes for proper wire size The output of the Drive is single phase 2 wire or 3 wire or 3 phase depending on motor selection during startup The output power terminals motor wire connections are located on the...

Page 55: ...ve Install the transducer downstream of tank as shown in Figure 1 Install transducer in a tee in a straight section of pipe with at least 1 foot of straight pipe on each side of the tee i e all fittings must be at least 1 foot away from transducer Feed transducer cable through the open 1 2 conduit hole on bottom of the Drive enclosure As shown in Figure 9 connect the red wire of the transducer cab...

Page 56: ...put amps to less than the motor is designed for and will reduce the performance of the pump For any 1 Phase 3 Wire motor the correct Service Factor Amp rating for the Drive is Cap Start Cap Run amps see Table 8 This may not match the motor nameplate which for a Single Phase 3 Wire motor will generally be Cap Start Induction Run Amps For any 3 Phase or 1 Phase 2 Wire motor use the motor nameplate S...

Page 57: ...nsducer registers the Dry Run Sensitivity parameter default is 10 PSI If system pressure does not reach that PSI value within 3 minutes the Drive will stop Press Auto Start again to restart line fill If longer priming or line fill time is required adjust Fill Time parameter See Table 9 Changing a Parameter Value This procedure works for ANY parameter A Press MAIN MENU button B Follow the keypress ...

Page 58: ...tton then the keypad will automatically lock 60 minutes after the Drive is powered up The time out period is adjustable see Table 9 To unlock keypad press Password use directional arrows to select numeric code and press ENTER NOTICE For more detailed information on keypad functions see Figure 2 Pump Out Operation Press Pump Out The Drive will start pump in a constant speed mode default 45 Hz The p...

Page 59: ...ive reacts to pressure changes Derivation Time Milliseconds 60 ms 0 ms 10000 ms Sets PID controller derivation time Used in conjunction with all PID Control parameters to control how fast or slow Drive reacts to pressure changes Derivative Limit 120 0 2000 Sets derivative filter time constant for PID controller Sleep Boost Differential PSI 3 PSI 3 PSI 10 PSI First part of Boost Process Pressure bo...

Page 60: ... of motor to be operated An additional sub menu will appear based on phase selection to select proper motor type Connection Type 3 wire 3 wire 2 wire Wire type for 1 phase motor operation only Can only access by first setting Motor Phase parameter to 1 Phase Motor Type Subm Subm Above Gnd Motor type for 3 phase motor operation only Can only access by first setting Motor Phase parameter to 3 Phase ...

Page 61: ...alue Time starts after 55 Hz is reached I O Digital Input 1 Unused Selects operation of Drive when terminal I1 or I2 is used Select between Unused Run Enabled Ext Fault and Setpoint The Drive will respond to selected command when voltage is present at I1 or I2 terminal Digital Input 2 Relay Output Unused Selects the operation of Drive when terminal O1 is used Select between Unused Run and Fault Th...

Page 62: ... wires through Use a cord grip to prevent the wire from rubbing and causing a short NOTICE Never run low voltage I O wire through the same conduit hole as the 230V input wires or motor wires To connect the external wires to the terminals 1 Strip wire inch 2 Push spring terminal up with finger or slotted screwdriver 3 Insert wires from bottom 4 Release spring terminal Connection Examples Figures 15...

Page 63: ... V or from the negative side of an external power supply Requires complete circuit connection with I1 See Figures 15 and 16 I2 Positive dry contacts connection of Digital Input 2 Connect when using an external device to control Drive From an external device i e flow switch moisture sensor alternator etc Requires complete circuit connection with I2 See Figures 15 and 16 I2 Negative dry contacts con...

Page 64: ...Amps 230V Motor Type HP Service Factor Rating in Amps CentriPro Franklin Electric 2 Wire 1 2 4 7 N A 3 4 6 4 1 9 1 1 1 2 11 0 CS CR 3 Wire 1 2 4 9 4 3 3 4 6 3 5 7 1 7 2 7 1 1 1 2 11 1 11 5 2 12 2 13 2 3 Phase 1 2 2 9 2 9 3 4 3 9 3 8 1 4 7 4 7 1 1 2 6 1 5 9 2 7 6 8 1 3 10 1 10 9 5 17 5 17 8 CentriPro SFA data was taken from the March 2012 BMAID manual on 4 2012 Franklin Electric SFA data was taken ...

Page 65: ...entered Check Service Factor Amps entered and are correct There is an open connection in motor wires Check resistance of all motor wires is correct Locked rotor Pull pump check for debris in pump Dry Run Operation at open discharge May need to reduce Dry Run Sensitivity pressure or apply back pressure on transducer Drive cannot read transducer signal Check linearity of transducer as it may be dama...

Page 66: ... for inoperable or unobstructed fan Check vents are not obstructed Excessive Runtime Leak detected Check for leaks in pipe system Application calls for long run times Extend Excessive Runtime Hours limitation Disable Excessive Runtime Fault Internal Fault Internal voltages are out of range Drive will auto reset and attempt to clear fault Fault Reset can be pressed to clear fault as well Then try t...

Page 67: ...o free debris in pump by reversing or pulsing motor Over Pressure Warning Pressure rising above Over Pressure setting Drive stops and waits 1 minute then checks that pressure is below the Setpoint pressure Below it restarts if not checks again in another minute Can increase over pressure value Drive Reset Procedure Press Enter 6566 0612 Press Password button Press Enter to Edit Change No to Yes Co...

Page 68: ... trip overload relays of the recommended size or the warranty is void Your only remedy and Pentair s only duty is that Pentair repair or replace defective products at Pentair s choice You must pay all labor and shipping charges associated with this warranty and must request warranty service through the installing dealer as soon as a problem is discovered No request for service will be accepted if ...

Page 69: ...V Output Output Amps Input Phase Input Voltage Enclosure Rating NEMA Catalog Number 2 4 3 380 480 1 PPC3 4 2A4 1 3 3 PPC3 4 3A3 1 4 1 PPC3 4 4A1 1 5 6 PPC3 4 5A6 1 8 8 PPC3 4 8A8 1 12 5 PPC3 4 12A5 1 15 6 PPC3 4 15A6 1 23 1 PPC3 4 23A1 1 31 0 PPC3 4 31A0 1 38 0 PPC3 4 38A0 1 44 0 PPC3 4 44A0 1 NOTICE For detailed specifications see users manual 9 3 PPC5 Series Specifications Table 9 3 Three Phase ...

Page 70: ...A 12 124 1 PPC5 4 124A 1 157 PPC5 4 157A 1 180 PPC5 4 180A 1 195 PPC5 4 196A 1 245 PPC5 4 245A 1 Table 9 5 3 Phase 575V Output Output Amps Input Phase Input Voltage Enclosure Rating NEMA Catalog Number 2 7 3 575 1 PPC5 5 2A7 1 12 PPC5 5 2A7 12 3 9 1 PPC5 5 3A9 1 12 PPC5 5 3A9 12 6 1 1 PPC5 5 6A1 1 12 PPC5 5 6A1 12 9 1 PPC5 5 9A0 1 12 PPC5 5 9A0 12 11 1 PPC5 5 11A 1 12 PPC5 5 11A 12 17 1 PPC5 5 17A...

Page 71: ... by Pentek have either a blue or black output lead The blue or black lead should be connected to terminal 5 The Pentek U17 1286R transducer utilizes shielded cable The bare lead may be covered with green shrink wrap tubing The bare lead is cable shielding and should be connected to terminal 1 The translucent lead is unused and should be tied off and insulated Figure 9 3 PPC3 Transducer Connection ...

Page 72: ... PSI and the Wake Up Deviation is 10 PSI the drive will restart at 50 PSI Parameter Code Pentek Code 1002 Ext2 Commands Keypad 1102 EXT1 EXT2 Sel EXT2 1301 Minimum AI1 20 1601 Run Enable Not Sel 1805 DO Signal Superv1 Over 1806 DO On Delay 10 Seconds Above Ground 1806 DO On Delay 60 Seconds Submersible 1807 DO Off Delay 2 sec 2001 Minimum Speed 0 Above Ground 2001 Minimum Speed User Defined Submer...

Page 73: ...round 1 SEC submersible 3001 AI MIN FUNCTION 1 FAULT 3003 EXTERNAL FAULT 1 1 DI6 3004 EXTERNAL FAULT 2 5 DI5 3006 MOT THERM TIME 500 SEC above ground 350 SEC submersible 3007 MOT LOAD CURVE 100 above ground 112 submersible 3013 UNDERLOAD FUNC 1 FAULT 3014 UNDERLOAD TIME 10S 3022 AI2 FAULT LIMIT 10 3201 SUPERV 1 PARAM 103 OUTPUT FREQ 3202 SUPERV 1 LIM LO 60 3203 SUPERV 1 LIM HI 60 3401 SIGNAL 1 PAR...

Page 74: ...om the motor nameplate not maximum amps Scroll to select the current and press SAVE unless it is a submersible more than 1 15 STEP 5 Motor Frequency Screen Enter the motor frequency Hz from the motor nameplate Scroll to select the frequency and select SAVE STEP 6 Motor Speed Screen Enter the motor speed RPM from the motor nameplate Scroll to select the speed and press SAVE The sample here shows 34...

Page 75: ... setting If the motor speed falls below this RPM the PID sleep function will be enabled This is a Drive assigned value For additional information refer to the PPC5 Users Manual Scroll to select the speed and then press SAVE The sample here shows 3000 RPM Burn Hazard If the sleep level is set too low the pump my run without flow This can boil water inside the pump causing dangerously high pressure ...

Page 76: ...16 Stop The Pump Press the STOP button STEP 17 Change To Remote Operation Press the Loc Rem button to change to remote control STEP 18 Test System Setup Press start to operate the pump Test system to ensure proper system response and sleep function Adjust group 40 parameters as needed NOTICE The upper left hand corner of the display shows whether the drive is in local or remote control In LOC mode...

Page 77: ...that the shut off head at parameter 4023 RPM must be higher than the pressure set point The pressure setpoint can be determined by slowly closing the discharge valve to confirm that the RPM decreases to a level that triggers the sleep mode The discharge head can also be found by using the BEC2 program on the BEC2 net website Systems that use small tanks or have a flat performance curve may cycle r...

Page 78: ...n system pressure during periods of low or no demand Tank pre charge must be less than the pressure set point wake up deviation Tank can be sized using Boyle s law V1 x P1 V2 x P2 Units are in gallons and PSI Typically tanks are sized for approximately 20 of pump capacity For example a 150 gpm pump typically requires 30 gallon total tank size Total Tank Size x Precharge 14 7 __ Total Tank Size x P...

Page 79: ...rlocked with the enclosure door to prevent opening the door before the handle is moved to the OFF position For better access during repair or inspection the cover may be removed by lifting the door upward and outward A latch is provided to prop the door open on windy days The overload relay incorporates a dial for field adjustment of tripping current Install in conformance with National Electrical...

Page 80: ... 100 70 35 70 PPX 3B 70 100R 100 65 135 PPX 3B 135 100R 460 480V 1 30 13 5 6 5 13 5 PPX 1C 13 30R 27 13 27 PPX 1C 27 30R 2 60 50 25 50 PPX 2C 50 60R 3 100 70 35 70 PPX 3C 70 100R 100 65 135 PPX 3C 135 200R 4 200 135 65 135 PPX 4C 135 200R 5 400 270 130 270 PPX 5C 270 400R 575 600V 1 30 13 5 6 5 13 5 PPX 1D 13 30R 13 27 PPX 1D 27 30R 2 60 50 25 70 PPX 2D 50 60R 3 100 70 35 70 PPX 3D 70 100R 100 65 ...

Page 81: ...hematic Diagram Key M Motor Contactor IL Indicating Light OL Overload CCF Control Circuit Fusing PFR Phase Failure Relay UVR Undervoltage Relay Dotted Line Box If Used PFR L1B UVR L3B CCF L3A L2A L1A START PB AUTO SEL SW 6405 0311 OFF HAND UVR or PFR REMOTE DEVICE OL IL 9 5 M M 3 2 1 ...

Page 82: ...25 819 2 9 00 228 6 4 POINT MOUNTING FOR 3 8 BOLTS SPACE AVAILABLE FOR MODIFICATIONS 2 POINT MOUNTING FOR 5 8 BOLTS IF USED 1 19 30 2 2 25 57 2 16 0 406 4 20 94 531 8 ON OFF 50O 29 25 743 0 7 00 177 8 27 50 698 5 SPACE AVAILABLE FOR MODIFICATIONS 4 POINT MOUNTING FOR 3 8 BOLTS 2 POINT MOUNTING FOR 5 8 BOLTS IF USED 1 19 30 2 2 25 57 2 20 0 508 0 9 00 228 6 24 81 630 2 47 38 1203 5 45 75 1162 0 44 ...

Page 83: ...OINT MOUNTING FOR 5 8 BOLTS IF USED SPACE AVAILABLE FOR MODIFICATIONS 50 38 1279 7 49 38 1254 3 22 0 558 8 1 19 30 2 4 19 106 4 13 50 342 9 17 00 431 8 ON OFF 47 0 1193 8 10 0 254 0 50 O Outlines Dimensions in in mm and Weights lbs For Estimating Only Figure 10 5 NEMA Size 5 Wide Type Enclosures 285 lbs ...

Page 84: ... winding to act as an auxiliary winding during operation This smooths out operation of the motor and provides greater efficiency and a reduction in vibration and noise Plus Series Controls The Pentek PLUS series controls combine a CSCR design and a control circuit to provide not only starting power to the motor but a switch to turn the control on and off The switch takes the form of a magnetic con...

Page 85: ...105 µF 330v U17 1430 R Run Capacitor 10 µF 370v U17 1438 R HP Description Part Number 1 2 Start Capacitor 43 µF 270v U17 1422 R 3 4 Start Capacitor 59 µF 270v U17 1423 R 1 Start Capacitor 86 µF 270v U17 1424 R 1 2 Run Capacitor 15 µF 370v U17 1419 R 3 4 Run Capacitor 23 µF 370v U17 1292 R 1 Run Capacitor 23 µF 370v U17 1292 R All Relay U17 1592 R HP Description Part Number 1 2 Start Capacitor 250 ...

Page 86: ...rt Capacitor 208 µF 330v 3 HP U17 1428 R Run Capacitor 20 µF 370v 2 HP U17 1440 R Run Capacitor 45 µF 370v 3 HP U17 1443 R Main Overload Protector 2 HP U17 1319 R Main Overload Protector 3 HP U17 1322 R Start Overload Protector 2 HP U17 1320 R Start Overload Protector 3 HP U17 1323 R Relay 2 HP U17 1592 R Relay 3 HP U17 1432 R SECTION 11 Submersible Motor Controls 2 3 HP Std Start Capacitor Run Ca...

Page 87: ...021 60 Hz Description Part Number Start Capacitors 270 µF 330v U17 1437 R Run Capacitor 2 40 µF 370v U17 1442 R Magnetic Contactor P17 953 R Main Overload Protector U117 1456B R Start Overload Protector U17 1321 R Relay U17 1432 R Description Part Number Start Capacitors 270 µF 330v U17 1437 R Run Capacitor 80 µF 370v U17 1502 R Main Overload Protector U117 1456A R Start Overload Protector U17 132...

Page 88: ... Undervoltage Delay 5s Al l other faults Dry Run Rec Timer 2 225 min Terminal Wire Gauge N A 12 22 Maximum Torque 7 in lbs 12 1 How They Work Pentek motor protectors are designed to protect single phase pumps from dry run dead head jammed impeller and over under voltage conditions A calibration adjustment allows the motor protector to be calibrated to specific pumping applications thereby reducing...

Page 89: ...rip off and stay off Turn the adjustment out of the CAL position to start the pump Manual Reset Mode If the RESTART DELAY CALIBRATION adjustment is set to RESET the Motor protector is in Manual Reset mode After the Motor Protector shuts down due to a voltage or load problem the RESTART DELAY CALIBRATION adjustment must be rotated out of the RESET position to restart the pump NOTICE Any restart del...

Page 90: ... 1 Pressure control equipment malfunction 2 Hole in piping system 3 Pressure storage tank failure Damaged motor control Check components per troubleshooting Fu ses Blow or Breaker Trips Short or Ground 1 Fuses give superior protection and should be used in preference to circuit breakers when possible 2 Inspect wiring for visible signs of heat damage discoloration damage to insulation 3 Disconnect ...

Page 91: ...heck motor and control panel wiring diagrams Change wiring as appropriate 3 Proper rotation for motors for sub and centrifugal pumps with CW rotation is CCW when looking at the shaft end of the motor 4 Make a visual flow check or observe flow meter Amperage is not a reliable indicator of wrong rotation Improper sizing Consult manufacturer s performance charts or curves Ho le in distribution piping...

Page 92: ...spray Am meter reads high on two leads zero on the 3rd Th ree phase motor single phasing 1 One power lead is not live or online 2 Check with local utility company to see if having problems 3 Check local power installation for transformer problems 4 Will not be able to observe this condition very long Very destructive to motor windings Motor stator will soon be destroyed if single phasing protectio...

Page 93: ...own or circuit breakers tripped Check fuses for correct size Check for loose dirty or corroded connections in fuse holder Check for tripped fuses YES NO Replace pressure switch Defective Pressure Switch Check voltage at contact points Improper contact of switch points can cause lower voltage YES NO Correct faulty wiring or connections Defective Wiring Check for loose or corroded connections Check ...

Page 94: ...ttings and examine for damage or defects Is the switch damaged or set wrong YES NO Replace check valve Check valve stuck open Damaged or defective check valve will not hold pressure Is water draining back into the well YES NO Correct or replace air system Waterlogged tank air supply Check air charging system for proper operation Is there inadequate air in tank YES NO Replace damaged pipes or repai...

Page 95: ...ar to a leak in a down pipe or low water level in the well Reduce pressure switch setting If pump shuts off worn parts may be at fault Is sand found in the tank YES NO Pull pump replace or repair damaged parts Loose or broken motor shaft Little or no water will be delivered if the coupling between the motor and pump shaft is loose A jammed pumps may have caused the motor shaft to shear off YES NO ...

Page 96: ... than 10 of rated voltage YES NO Shade control box provide ventilation or move box away from heat sorce Overheated protectors Direct sunlight or other heat source can heat up the control box and cause protectors to trip Is control box in the sunlight or hot to touch YES NO NO Replace pump end and or motor Worn pump or motor Check motor running current Is it higher than nameplate amps YES Replace w...

Page 97: ...otors Measure each line to each other three readings Compare these to the line to line resistance shown in motor specification table If all leads measure within the table specifications the leads and motor are okay If a lead shows a higher resistance then there is an open in the cable or winding Check for secure cable connections If a lead shows lower resistance then there is a short circuit in th...

Page 98: ...ump off due to a dry run or dead head condition The unit is timing through the restart delay and will try to restart Check for restricted flow or inadequate supply of liquid Off Blinking OVERLOAD The motor protector has shut the pump off due to an overload condition The unit is timing through the restart delay and will try to restart if line voltage is at an acceptable level Check for low or high ...

Page 99: ...overload to ensure that it is reset Using ohm meter connection resistance should measure close to zero Magnetic Contactor Using ohm meter Coil Resistance should measure per specification on wiring diagram Using ohm meter Resistance between T1 L1 and T2 L2 should measure close to zero with contacts manually closed Greater values indicates degradation of contacts Physical Inspection Contacts should ...

Page 100: ...o ensure connections match wiring diagram Mis matched motor liquid end Verify installation Wrong control used on motor Replace with correct control Damaged relay Check per above Damaged Start Capacitor Check per above Overload Trips After 10 seconds of Startup Rapid cycle Check installation High ambient Do not mount in direct sunlight provide proper ventilation Damaged Run Capacitor Check per abov...

Page 101: ...feet 3 05 m Pump cooling Start the pump and observe any noise vibration leaks or overheating Verify that the pump performance is as specified that the electrical current is balanced and within specifications Check Valves Check valve installation is necessary for proper pump operation The pump should have a check valve on its discharge or within 25 feet 7 62 m of the pump For very deep wells locate...

Page 102: ... 3 w ground 1 5 HP 20 22 gpm pump 1 5 HP 3 wire motor 85 gal Tank Optional Motor Protection SPP 233P Benefits Capacitors and switches can be replaced without removing pump CSCR control offers higher efficiency Higher starting torque than 2 wire Best System Features VFD Pressure Transducer Wire 12 3 w ground 1 5 HP 20 22 gpm pump 1 5 HP 3 Phase motor 6 gal Tank Benefits City like pressure Lower ope...

Page 103: ...service pressure requirements 4 Determine voltage and phase 5 Determine discharge pipe size 6 Calculate friction head loss 7 Determine total discharge head 8 Select the submersible pump for the above criteria and appropriate controls for the pump 9 Select the proper size tank for minimum one minute pump run time 10 For starting frequency refer to Section 5 10 11 Determine the distance from the ser...

Page 104: ...n Loss loss of pressure due to friction of water flowing through pipe and fittings Head discharge head in feet delivered when pump is operating at desired capacity Horizontal Pipe Run horizontal distance between service inlet and well Top of Well also means Pitless Adapter Level or well exit Service Inlet also means Storage Tank Inlet Selecting a Pump TIP PSI can be converted to equivalent feet of...

Page 105: ...efer to the dealer catalog for tank selection Otherwise the following procedure can be used Drawdown based on Boyle s Law Procedure 1 Identify drawdown multiplier relating to specific application 2 Insert multiplier X into the following formula Pump GPM x Min Run Time Minimum Tank Multiplier X Capacity Required Example An example of a 20 GPM pump with a minimum run time of 1 minute installed on a ...

Page 106: ...el Circuit Protection Circuit Breaker Amps Fuse Amps Std Delay Starter Manufacturer Size Type Autotransformer Full Voltage Other Time to full voltage sec Heaters Manufacturer Qty Amp setting Installation Data Controls grounded to Motor Well Head Power Supply Buried Rod Grounding wire size AWG MCM Date Location Motor serial number T1 T2 T3 Service Entrance Transformers Pump Control Pump Assembly Mo...

Page 107: ...ump Information Model GPM ft TDH PSI Date code Motor Nameplate Information Manufacture Model HP Voltage Phase Max Amps Date code Serial Number VFD Variable Frequency Drive Information Drive Manufacturer ModelNumber Input Filters Output Filters Down Pipe Dia Flow Sleeve Dia Perforated Casing From To Pump Inlet depth Casing Dia Static Water Level Total Dynamic Head Drawdown Water Level Check Valve L...

Page 108: ...NOTES ...

Page 109: ...NOTES ...

Page 110: ... PUMPS COM PH 262 728 5551 ORDERS FAX 262 728 7323 Because we are continuously improving our products and services Pentair reserves the right to change specifications without prior notice 2013 Pentair Ltd All Rights Reserved PN793 08 20 13 ...