Quintum Tenor AS, Product Manual

Page 1: ...Switch Product Guide P N 480 0059 00 10 Tenor and Quintum are registered trademarks PacketSaver Quintum Technologies Inc Risk Free VoP VoIP Made Easy TASQ SelectNet and SelectNet Technology are tradem...

Page 2: ...gy Safety Net 1 5 PacketSaver reduces bandwidth consumption 1 5 Virtual Tie Trunk 1 5 SNMP Support 1 6 Call Detail Recording 1 6 IVR RADIUS Support 1 6 NATAccess 1 6 Dynamic Call Routing 1 7 Tenor AS...

Page 3: ...Cable if required 3 7 Power up the System 3 8 Assign IP address 3 9 Change IP Address 3 10 Getting Started with Configuration Making the First Call 3 13 Load Software Upgrade 3 15 Common Symptoms Prob...

Page 4: ...ll SNMP Related Files 6 3 Configure Network Manager IP address 6 5 Working with SNMP 6 7 View traps 6 7 View Alarm Status via Tenor AS icon 6 7 Launching Command Line Interface CLI from HP Openview 6...

Page 5: ...hentication Application Type 2 Call Flow 6 30 Call Flow Message Attributes 6 32 Start Accounting Request Message Attributes 6 32 Stop Accounting Request Message Attributes 6 33 Authentication Request...

Page 6: ...P N 480 0059 00 10 Preface 1 About this Guide...

Page 7: ...Chapter 3 Installation Basic Troubleshooting Describes how to install the Tenor AS unit including how to connect power up and assign the IP address Chapter 4 Advanced Topic View Call Detail Records D...

Page 8: ...special text that are designed to reveal supplemental information Note Warning and Caution See below A NOTE provides additional helpful information This information may tell you how to do a certain ta...

Page 9: ...d Index tells you where to find infor mation easily Extensive configuration help is available from the Tenor Configuration Manager Tenor Monitor User Guide or the Command Line Interface User Guide Bot...

Page 10: ...apter gives you a general overview of the Tenor AS including feature descriptions and capa bilities Specifically the following topics are covered A description of Tenor AS Features Capabilities Call P...

Page 11: ...igure 1 1 Tenor AS VoIP Switch The Tenor AS is available in two configuration types ASG VoIP Gateway The ASG VoIP Gateway is mainly intended for applications interfacing between the PBX and the VoIP n...

Page 12: ...t call routing engine which regulates system resources and configuration while coordinat ing all voice traffic activity in the unit The unit s simple plug and play embedded system architecture brings...

Page 13: ...l records etc Both the Tenor Configuration Man ager and Tenor Monitor provide comprehensive on line help systems that are available at your fin gertips In addition you can configure the unit via Comma...

Page 14: ...up port multiple calls flowing between two endpoints PacketSaver minimizes bandwidth usage by aggregating packet samples from multiple VoIP conversations and packing them into a larger IP packet with...

Page 15: ...a feature of the Tenor AS that enables you to offer services such as Pre paid calling cards and Post paid accounts to your customers The Tenor uses the RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Servi...

Page 16: ...Phone FXS or IP routing group and then route the call according to the parameters you have configured in the routing database Each call may be routed via circuit switched path between any two circuit...

Page 17: ...ork such as the PSTN The routing decision made by the Tenor is based upon your configuration and the dialed number See Figure 1 4 for an example of a call origi nated from a PBX Figure 1 4 FXS Phone O...

Page 18: ...f the number is configured as a local phone number the call will be sent to a Phone FXS circuit for termination oth erwise the call is considered a Hop Off call and the Tenor sends it out through a Li...

Page 19: ...in any direction between any of the ports See Figure 1 7 for an example of a call origination from the PBX FXS Phone Originated Calls Calls coming from the Phone FXS interface i e PBX may be switched...

Page 20: ...r patterns Dial Plan Options Public Private Dial Plan Support The Tenor AS supports public and private dial plans A public dial plan includes numbers which conform to the international dialing plan E...

Page 21: ...ekeeper for the network We recommend you configure each as its own gatekeeper Tenor AS supports gatekeeper to gatekeeper communication using the standard LRQ Location Request LCF Location Confirm mess...

Page 22: ...the Tenor AS Gatekeeper provides the functions which follow Address Translation The gatekeeper translates telephone numbers into IP addresses and vice versa It performs Alias Address phone number to...

Page 23: ...rt protocol UDP TCP ATM etc It is text based so it requires no encoding decoding like H 323 And SIP supports user mobility using proxies and redirecting requests to your current location When configur...

Page 24: ...er 2 Hardware Components This chapter tells you what is contained in your hardware package A description of each component is also included Specifically the following topics are covered Hardware Descr...

Page 25: ...LEDs display the health of the system There are different types of LEDs Power Status LAN and Analog Ports A description of each is described in Table 2 1 Table 2 1 Front Panel LEDs Definitions LED Lab...

Page 26: ...link rate is 100Mb if the link is not con nected or the actual link rate is 100b if the link is connected Off The advertised link rate is 10Mb if the link is not con nected or the actual link rate is...

Page 27: ...t Provides an RJ 11 jack for connection to a PBX Keyphone or phone Figure 2 2 RJ 11 Phone FXS Port Pin Order Table 2 2 Input Output RJ 11 Phone FXS port Pin Used with Definition Port 1 1 Port 1 pin 4...

Page 28: ...5 jack for an individual connection to a 10 100 Ethernet LAN switch or hub via RJ 45 cable it is individually config ured with a unique IP and MAC address Port 2 1 Port 2 pin 4 Tip 2 Port 2 pin 3 Ring...

Page 29: ...sted in Table 2 5 Figure 2 5 DB 9 Female Connector Pin Order Table 2 5 Serial RS232 DB 9 Connector Pinouts Pin Signal Definition Color 1 TX Transmit Data White w orange 2 TX Transmit Data Orange 3 RX...

Page 30: ...rocedures Reset Enables you to reset the system See Chapter 5 Advanced Topic Diagnostics Maintenance for more information Power Switch Switch to turn power on and off Power Socket Connection port to e...

Page 31: ...EIA TIA standard for Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP cable the wiring color codes are UTP Standard Coloring The pin order is shown in Figure 2 6 Figure 2 6 RJ 11 Pin Order Cable Usage RJ 11 to RJ 11 Cabl...

Page 32: ...P N 480 0059 00 10 2 9 Chapter 2 Hardware Components Figure 2 7 RJ 11 Connector Pinouts Table 2 7 RJ 11 Connector Pinouts Pin Definition 1 TIP 2 Ring 3 Tip 4 Ring Pin Connects to Pin 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4...

Page 33: ...connector is the EIA TIA standard for Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP cable the wiring color codes are UTP Standard Coloring The RJ 11 Splitter cable s single end is labeled Tenor see Figure 2 9 the spli...

Page 34: ...00 An RJ 45 10 100BaseT straight through shielded cable is used to connect Tenor AS to an Ethernet LAN Cable pinouts are listed in Table 2 1 Color specifications are applicable to the RJ 45 cable prov...

Page 35: ...d Figure 2 4 Figure 2 3 DB 9 Male Connector Pin Order Figure 2 4 DB 9 Female Connector Pin Order Figure 2 5 DB 9 Connector Pinouts Table 2 2 DB 9 Connector Pinouts Pin Function Description Pin 1 DTR D...

Page 36: ...ble country dependent Ringing Voltage Adjustable country dependent LAN Connection LAN Support 10 100 Mbps Ethernet Connection Type Autosensing of speed and duplex Physical Depth 7 18 73 cm Height 2 5...

Page 37: ...ation instructions as well as how to position the Tenor AS successfully within your network Specifically the following topics are covered Installation Install Ground Safety Cable Power up the System A...

Page 38: ...ened your warranty is void Do not connect equipment in wet conditions and keep away from dusty areas The area must not exceed the temperature and humidity guidelines outlined in Chapter 2 Hardware Com...

Page 39: ...nother cable or adaptor that may be required to connect to the specific external device Figure 2 1 Connect to Phone FXO port Connect to Phone FXS port as follows CAUTION Connect the Phone FXS ports to...

Page 40: ...ine FXO port using an RJ 11 Dual Port Splitter See Chapter 2 Hardware Components for the RJ 11 cable pinouts you can use to acquire another cable or adaptor that may be required to connect to the spec...

Page 41: ...on should provide specific instructions for connection to another device such as the Tenor AS Figure 2 3 Connect to Ethernet Hub Switch 1 Plug one end RJ 45 Ethernet cable into the port labeled LAN 2...

Page 42: ...n an IP address to the unit For the instructions below it is assumed you are connecting to a Windows PC Figure 2 4 Connect to PC Com Port 1 Insert the male end of the DB 9 cable into the port labeled...

Page 43: ...ng screw to a Ground Safety Cable which can then be con nected to an approved safety earth ground Connect the Ground Safety Cable as follows 1 Unscrew the existing screw from the grounding hole 2 Plac...

Page 44: ...n the AC power cord adaptor to an AC outlet 2 Locate the on off switch on the back of the unit and click the switch to On The unit will power up and the LEDs will flash and turn off the power LED will...

Page 45: ...the specific Tenor commands used to assign the IP address will be the same but the software specific instructions will be different Consult the applicable documentation for more information You can re...

Page 46: ...her there should be a default gateway router which routes packet data outside of your LAN and enter its IP address 18 A message will appear on the screen Tenor Analog Ethernet Interface successfully c...

Page 47: ...d idea for security purposes Step through each of the following parameters and enter the correct values for your installation IP address Subnet Mask and Default Gate way 14 At the Quintum prompt type...

Page 48: ...s the firewall act as a switch so that all incoming IP traffic for the firewall s WAN IP will be routed directly to the Tenor AS If you are using a cable modem with NO firewall specific configuration...

Page 49: ...t to get the information it needs to route your phone call to a specific IP address 8 At the System Wide Configuration Circuit Configuration Line Routing Configuration Hunt LDN Directories Hunt LDN Di...

Page 50: ...in this case the Quintum test unit The Gateway is merely another function or application of 208 226 140 40 The Gateway functions allow the incoming call to be connected to Quintum s PBX Load Software...

Page 51: ...em is not listed use the diagnostic procedure explained in the beginning of this chapter Table 2 1 Common Symptoms Problems Common Symptom Problem Description Solution Unit will not turn on Check AC p...

Page 52: ...d the speed of 10MB or 100 MB Communication between the computer s COM port and Tenor AS serial port can not be established Verify DB 9 cable is firmly placed in the unit s con sole port and your PC s...

Page 53: ...This chapter tells you how to display and understand the Call Detail Recording CDR feature which enables you to view call information Examples are included later in this chapter Specifically the follo...

Page 54: ...red by the Tenor AS unit in a circular buffer this means that any number of CDRs over 9600 will overwrite the existing CDRs We advise that you set up a PC or workstation to act as a CDR server respons...

Page 55: ...Tenor AS unit established connection with the CDR server CDRServerPort The application port numbers used by the CDRServer s Used when the Tenor AS establishes connection with the CDR server CDRPassWor...

Page 56: ...e this information you will be able to capture CDR reports through the CDR server and the Tenor AS unit and it will be able to establish a TCP IP session with the server on its own Setup CDR Server an...

Page 57: ...configured the CDR server has to initiate the session The Tenor AS unit uses TCP port numbers 9002 and 9003 on its side for the CDR sessions The CDRServerport must still be configured to either 9002...

Page 58: ...15551000 12345678901 234 9876543210 0123456789 Record 1 Field Definitions Standard Formats 0 and 100 1 Call ID 17325551212 Called Number 15 Duration 20000207062812 Call Initiation Time 20000207062815...

Page 59: ...te and time the call disconnected The time will be the local time configured on the Tenor AS unit The entry will be in the following format yyyymmddhhmmss where yyyy 4 digits for year mm 2 digits for...

Page 60: ...identifies which line the call is going out on Valid entry 1 PBX 2 PSTN This field will be empty if the call is an outgoing VoIP call Outgoing Channel If the call is outgoing this field identifies wh...

Page 61: ...eld will be blank if a PIN code is not con figured Remote Call ID Unique identification number generated by the remote side Tenor AS for call record matching purposes Only generated for IP calls For a...

Page 62: ...ach field appears below Call ID Sequence number This is a unique number assigned to identify an individual call i e 1 2 3 The sequence number starts from 1 and wraps around at 4 294 967 295 When a Ten...

Page 63: ...ax 3 modem 4 data Call Number Type The called numbering plan used for the call per Q 931 Possible common entries are as follows 1 Public E 164 9 Private Incoming Slot The slot number to which a call e...

Page 64: ...time the autoswitched occurred when the call is switched from VoIP to circuit The entry will be in the following format yyyymmddhhmmss where yyyy 4 digits for year mm 2 digits for month dd 2 digits fo...

Page 65: ...ed in the extended format 4 and 104 Incoming Outgoing IP DN If this is an incoming IP call the number displayed will be the number as received from the other endpoint If this number is an Outgoing IP...

Page 66: ...nce This chapter explains the advanced topics for diagnosing problems with the unit viewing system alarms and performing maintenance procedures such as upgrading the software Monitor LEDs Monitor Alar...

Page 67: ...he Command Line Interface CLI or through Tenor Monitor The instructions in this section are for obtaining alarms through the CLI see the Tenor Configuration Manager Tenor Monitor User s Guide for info...

Page 68: ...minor problem is detected 4 Info Information about a minor problem Description A text description of the alarm see Table 5 2 for detailed description Varies Slot Defines which slot the alarm occurred...

Page 69: ...he PSTN Critical Call Handler not registered with Gatekeeper The Call Handler process cannot be registered with the Gatekeeper Critical Critical Software Error A software error has occurred that affec...

Page 70: ...tim eouts and another RADIUS server is configured the Tenor will then switch to the next RADIUS server Major Border Element connection lost Indicates that the Gatekeeper lost connection with the Borde...

Page 71: ...ime 6 sec RADIUS Server Invalid error code Informational Gatekeeper status Reports the status of the Gatekeeper Informational Miscellaneous information Miscellaneous information about the unit is repo...

Page 72: ...played See section How to Read Alarms for field def initions If you enter alarm without a command following it both active alarms and the alarm history will be displayed Figure 5 3 Alarm History Sampl...

Page 73: ...We do not advise that you reset the system back to factory defaults unless advised to do so or if your system becomes corrupted If you choose to restore the factory defaults all current configuration...

Page 74: ...t session See the Command Line Interface CLI guide for more information 2 Access the Maintain module 3 Type password A prompt will ask you for the old password 4 Type the old password and press Enter...

Page 75: ...tral Office to verify proper operation After completing all troubleshooting maintenance procedures and reviewing the Common Symp toms Problems section you can contact the Customer Service Department a...

Page 76: ...ced Topic SNMP IVR This chapter explains advanced topics for using the unit including SNMP and IVR SNMP Description Install SNMP Working with SNMP IVR Typical IVR Network Connection Configure IVR Voic...

Page 77: ...network manager polls the SNMP agents such as routers hubs or network servers for certain requested information The agent will then gather information about the machine it is running on and carries re...

Page 78: ...w quintum com web site as follows 1 Start up HP Openview For specific information see the user documentation you received with the software There are two ways to download the applicable files from the...

Page 79: ...1 3 6 1 4 1 6618 1 1 1 Connector QDVOIP QUINTUM Digital Tenor 1 3 6 1 4 1 6618 1 1 2 Connector QAVOIP QUINTUM Analog Tenor 1 3 6 1 4 1 6618 1 1 10 Connection QCVOIP QUINTUM Chassis Tenor These lines...

Page 80: ...fied using the OVW fields command The quintum reg file is added to the HPOVRoot registration C directory These files are added to the D hpovnnm symbols C Connector directory CONNECTOR_QDVOIP CONNECTO...

Page 81: ...k on Ok The Telnet GUI will launch 3 Click Connect Remote System 4 In the Host Name window enter the IP address of the unit from which you would like to view alarms 5 In the port window choose telnet...

Page 82: ...g alarms Valid icon colors are listed below Green Icon No Alarm indicated Red Icon Critical Alarm used for when HP Openview cannot communicate with the Tenor AS or there is a severity level 1 alarm Or...

Page 83: ...p Tenor AS status polling The following explains how to configure HPOV to determine and display unit status if the Tenor AS is not configured to send traps Polling is only intended for Tenor AS units...

Page 84: ...the Attributes window select Quintum Tenor AS 3 Click on Edit Attributes 4 Select Turn on Debug Window the toggle allows you to set to True or False Select True 5 Click on Verify After the verificatio...

Page 85: ...e appropriate remote Tenor AS You are able to pre record and customize voice prompt files which lead the customer through the calling card procedure You can pre record messages to meet your network an...

Page 86: ...ion types based on the calling number 1 If there is an ANI in the setup message authentication with the ANI will be done 2 If there is no ANI information in the setup message the user will be prompted...

Page 87: ...ned in Table 6 1 Figure 6 2 Typical Network Connection Call Flow Process Table 6 1 Call Flow Process for Figure 9 1 Number Process 1 User dials access number to initiate call e g 1 800 xxx xxxxx 2 Ten...

Page 88: ...for the destination number 9 Caller enters the destination number 10 Tenor AS sends the destination number to the Radius server for authorization 11 RADIUS server responds with the duration for which...

Page 89: ...nkcircuitroutinggroup 1 prompt 3 Type set ivrtype 2 sets the IVR type to pre paid calling services 4 Type set ivraccessnumber followed by the telephone number used to access the IVR system up to 14 di...

Page 90: ...pic SNMP IVR 5 Type sharedsecret sharedsecret is similar to password followed by the RADIUS key up to 63 characters i e sharedsecret 454AJU 6 Ensure accountingtype is configured If this field is set t...

Page 91: ...on the system controller card The voice files should be in CCITT G711 Law format and stored with wav extension no application specific headers like in the files generated by the Microsoft Recorder ar...

Page 92: ...ded credit_limit good_bye Your credit limit is exceeded Good bye destination destination number enter destination pound_key Please enter your desti nation number fol lowed by the pound key dollar doll...

Page 93: ...alid number language for English press lang one For English press one minute minute minutes minutes next call_ pound To make another call press the star key twice next call_star To make another call p...

Page 94: ...your desti nation number fol lowed by the pound key problems We are currently experiencing technical difficulties problems hang_up We are currently expe riencing technical diffi culties Please hang u...

Page 95: ...n use the filename hd ivr Mandarin For French use the filename hd vr French For Spanish use the filename hd ivr Spanish For German use the filename hd ivr German For Arabic use the filename hd ivr Ara...

Page 96: ...Party The originating caller using a pre paid calling card Prepaid Enabled Tenor The Tenor AS performing the IVR functions RADIUS Server Remote Authentication Dial In User Service for authenticating a...

Page 97: ...cents remaining CALLING PARTY AUTHORIZATION DNIS STOP ACCOUNTING IP LEG ACK CONNECT Please Enter The Phone Number to call START ACCOUNTING ACK STOP ACCOUNTING IP LEG DISCONNECT AUTHORIZATION RESP TIME...

Page 98: ...caller using a post paid calling party Prepaid Enabled Tenor AS The Tenor AS performing the IVR functions RADIUS Server Remote Authentication Dial In User Service for authenticating and authorizing us...

Page 99: ...ase Enter Your Pin Number AUTHORIZATION DNIS STOP ACCOUNTING ACK CONNECT Please Enter Your Account Number START ACCOUNTING ACK STOP ACCOUNTING DISCONNECT AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE SETUP GET DNIS AUTHENTI...

Page 100: ...n account data and authorization codes between the network access gateway and the billing server Called Party The destination called party Figure 6 5 Pre paid and Post paid Calling Card Call Flow mult...

Page 101: ...t paid call card service with multi session support which details the messages transmitted between the following components Calling Party The originating caller using a pre paid calling card Tenor The...

Page 102: ...Enter Destination Number If you want another call press or GET Destination Number AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE AUTHORIZATION DNIS CONNECT SETUP TENOR RADIUS SERVER CALLED PARTY2 DISCONNECT CALLED PARTY1 C...

Page 103: ...ll will be authenticated with ANI by a RADIUS server Figure 6 7 is a diagram of the call flow for ANI Authentication Application Type 1 which details the messages transmitted between the following com...

Page 104: ...G STOP ACCOUNTING TEL LEG ACK Second Dial Tone CALLING PARTY AUTHORIZATION DNIS STOP ACCOUNTING IP LEG ACK CONNECT STOP ACCOUNTING IP LEG DISCONNECT AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE SETUP GET DNIS AUTHENTICATIO...

Page 105: ...g packet has the ANI but authentication with the ANI fails and Tenor AS prompts for the PIN number Figure 6 8 is a diagram of the call flow for ANI Authentication Application Type 2 which details the...

Page 106: ...G PARTY AUTHORIZATION DNIS STOP ACCOUNTING IP LEG ACK CONNECT STOP ACCOUNTING IP LEG DISCONNECT AUTHORIZATION RESPONSE SETUP GET DNIS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE Yes AUTHENTICATION ANI 1 CONNECT SETUP ANI...

Page 107: ...ount number calling party number or blank String 7325551212 30 Called Station Id The IVR access number nor mally an 800 number String 8004609000 31 Calling Station Id Calling Party Number ANI String 7...

Page 108: ...31 Calling Station Id Calling Party Number ANI String 7329701330 40 Acct Status Type Account Request Type start or stop Numeric 1 start 2 stop 6 Service Type Type of service requested Numeric 1 login...

Page 109: ...Acct Input Octets Number of octets received for that call duration Numeric 43 Acct Output Octets Number of octets sent for that call duration Numeric 47 Acct Input Packets Number of packets received...

Page 110: ...ess of the requesting Tenor AS Numeric 3506546880 61 NAS Port Type Tenor AS s physical port type on which the call is active Numeric 0 Asynchronous 1 User Name Account number calling party number or b...

Page 111: ...ompt files used by Tenor AS Numeric 27 IETF ATTRIBUTE NUMBER Attribute Name VendorSpecific Attribute Number Description Value Format Sample 4 NAS IP Address IP Address of the requesting Tenor AS Numer...

Page 112: ...t sent between the Tenor AS and the RADIUS server Table 6 8 Authorization Response Message Attributes IETF ATTRIBUTE NUMBER Attribute Name Vendor Specific Attribute Number Description Value Format Sam...

Page 113: ...ler card is used for connection to a PC s seri al port via DB 9 null modem cable D DSP Digital Signal which provides the required signal processing for the Tenor AS E ESD Electrostatic Discharge occur...

Page 114: ...for authenticating and authorizing user access to the VoIP network S SelectNet Monitors your data network for jitter latency and packet loss and transparently switches customer calls to the PSTN when...

Page 115: ...etwork it is considered a WAN As a result intra corporate information is passed through the data network from one LAN to an other LAN site in a remote location Zone A group of endpoints e g gateways t...

Page 116: ...with server 4 5 connect with Tenor 4 5 definition 4 2 Establish connection 4 3 output 4 6 overview 4 2 Configuration 3 13 Connection line interface PBX 3 3 D Date Time 5 9 DB 9 2 12 dial plan 1 11 F...

Page 117: ...m 5 8 restore factory defaults 5 8 Monitor LEDs 5 2 N NATAccess 1 6 P PacketSaver 1 5 Passthrough Calls 1 11 Password change 5 9 Public Private Dial Plan 1 11 R RADIUS 1 6 basic configuration 6 14 Res...

Page 118: ...ppliers entire liability and your exclusive remedy shall be at Quintum s option i repair or replace ment of the software media or hardware that does not meet Quintum s Limited Warranty with new or lik...

Page 119: ...rrier is to be used who should pay for the shipment and any labels to be put on the package Unless otherwise directed by Quintum s Customer Services Representative please return product to Quintum at...

Page 120: ...Restricted Rights Use duplication or dis closure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 2 of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 2...

Page 121: ...2 95 EN61000 3 3 95 AS NZS 3548 1995 Safety Standards UL60950 1 CSA C22 2 No 60950 1 EN60950 99 TS001 1970 Telecom Standards FCC Part 68 CS 03 AS NZ 3260 1997 AS ACIFS002 2001 AS ACIF S003 2001 Europ...

Page 122: ...umber of devices that may be connected to a telephone line Excessive RENs on a telephone line may result in the devices not ringing in response to an incoming call In most but not all areas the sum of...

Page 123: ...equiring service to report the need for service to Quintum Technologies or to one of our authorized agents In the event service is required refer to the Technical Support insert for information If the...

Page 124: ...e customer should be aware that compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian m...

Page 125: ......