Radio Shack TRS-80, Reference Manual

Page 1: ...del II DiskOperatingSystem ReferenceManual A Description of the Operating System General Information Operator Commands Technical Information CUSTOM MANUFACTURED IN THE U S A BY RADIO SHACK A DIVISION...

Page 2: ...section you should read Section 1 For details on programs or utilities mentioned see the specific entry for that subject use the Index Important Do not try to use 1 1 or 1 2 diskettes when the system...

Page 3: ...ned and labeled and a table ofcontents or directory created The FORMAT utility program performs this function We suggest you format several diskettes now You cannot perform the other operations listed...

Page 4: ...e remove the original diskette Keep it in a safe place and don t use it unless you need to recreate the working master 3 Make a Working Master PURGE The factory release TRSDOS diskette contains a vari...

Page 5: ...use the diskette in drive O SYSRES SYS This file is required on all full system diskettes but not on minimum systems To find definitions use the Index If you want to use the diskette to start TRSDOS...

Page 6: ...em after they are used DOCOMnn BASCOMnn COMSUBnn EXDATMnn DATMnn nn 32 or 64 These are demonstration programs and routines See the descriptions elsewhere in this manual use the Index For each file the...

Page 7: ...ill probably find it most convenient to have a Full System Diskette in drive 0 at all times This will give you access to all of the utilities and system functions without a disk swap being necessary F...

Page 8: ...u will not need SYSTEM 64 or SYSTEM 32 on your minimum system diskette The technique for using a minimum system diskette is as follows 1 Initialize using your working master which must be a full syste...

Page 9: ...a maximum of space available for user files Why and How ofData Diskettes Ifyou have a Disk Expansion Unit and you plan to run applications or programs that require large data files you will want to h...

Page 10: ...syntax Allows keyboard input from and video output to a remote terminal via the serial interface Copies multiple files and re organizes a diskette Prints any file in text format Inputs Intel hex form...

Page 11: ...SETCOM TERMINAL VERIFY XFERSYS For details see the replacement pages for Section 2 Other Changes Keyaheads TRSDOS allows keyaheads of up to 80 characters This means you can type in the next command wh...

Page 12: ...ility To find a full description of wild card use use the Index Alternate Directory For increased reliability ofthe diskette filing system TRSDOS now sets up an alternate directory If the main directo...

Page 13: ...BRCV AlBTX AlBCTRL 46 Function Output a character to video Initialize printer driver parameters Output a character to printer New Lookup in a table New Process the HOLD key OpenlCreate a Program or Da...

Page 14: ...ASIC Use ERRS to get the TRSDOS error number and message LinePrinter The maximum LPRINT or LUST line is 255 characters was 132 Passwords You can assign a password to a program when you SAVE it This pa...

Page 15: ...ement To specify a record length Of256 you can use either 256 ora For example OPEN 0 1 FILE 256 and OPEN 0 1 FILE 0 are equivalent NEW In addition to erasing the BASIC program in memory this statement...

Page 16: ...Section 1 General Information...

Page 17: ...pying renaming deleting protecting etc File access loading into memory listing to Printer or Display etc Error identification See the Commands section for details Utility programs provide essential se...

Page 18: ...e values for a particular command For example the line LIST filespec indicates that you can supply any valid file specification defined later after LIST ellipsis Indicates that preceding items can be...

Page 19: ...ate them above X 2FFF to allow use of the high overlays without loss of your program DECIMAL ADDRESS a 10240 12288 TOP 32767 or 65535 SYSTEM AREA USER AREA SHARED WITH TRSDOS HIGH OVERLAY COMMANDS USE...

Page 20: ...stem starts up it will prompt you to enter the date Type in the date in MMjDDjYYYY form and press 13m I For example 07 04 1979 for July 4 1979 Next the System will prompt you to enter the time To skip...

Page 21: ...ressed Interrupts line entry and starts with a new line Backspaces the cursor erasing the last character you typed Use this to correct entry errors Forward spaces the cursor without erasing any charac...

Page 22: ...ou type any other control key non alphanumeric non punctuation a symbol will be displayed for that key but the control code will be sent to the Computer Such control keys will either be ignored or wil...

Page 23: ...nce drive 0 drive 1 etc unless you include an explicit drive specification with the file name described later on IfTRSDOS finds a matching program file it will load and execute the file Otherwise you...

Page 24: ...Syntax Forms General Information specification g dicated as 1 6 optional spaces al spaces above above 57...

Page 25: ...Model II TRSDOS Examples ofSyntax Forms Command Empty option list required because of comment Comment Command Filespec Option list Comment Command Filespec 1 Filespec 2 58...

Page 26: ...TS references the file named FileA TXT ACCOUNTS with the password Manager on Drive 3 diskette name ACCOUNTS File Names DATAll BAS WAliEHOUS TEST l INVN rORY AU91 JS ot 15 TESTl A file name consists of...

Page 27: ...d wild card fields may take any of the following forms Wild Card Fields string string string string string Where string is a sequence ofcharacters The overall length ofthe wild card field depends on w...

Page 28: ...TEST l on drive 3 only Passwords You can protect a file from unauthorized access by assigning passwords to the file That way a person cannot access a file simply by referring to the file name he must...

Page 29: ...a diskette name to the file specifica tion TRSDOS will first check to see that the correct diskette is in the drive You assign diskette names during the Format or Backup process Note Only the COpy co...

Page 30: ...Section 2 Library Commands...

Page 31: ...goes into user area Other library commands use memory below X 2800 Exit Conditions ofLibrary Commands Any command executed from the TRSDOS READY level will return to TRSDOS Most library commands exec...

Page 32: ...s the same effect as DI R f3YS PRT PRT When no ambiguity would result the braces around the option list can be omitted CREATE FileA NRECS 100 LRL 64 is acceptable but CREATE FileA NRECS 100 LRL 64 Set...

Page 33: ...a command For example suppose you type Il L OLDF Il E 1 and the diskette in drive 1 is write protected Then you ll get an ERROR 15 message Put a write enable tab on the diskette and type I GAI N Now...

Page 34: ...termine how the diskette tracks are allocated to system and user files It may be useful before performing a BACKUP or XFERSYS operation Example ANALYZE DATAFILE shows which tracks are used by the file...

Page 35: ...rd lengths Examples APPEND Wordfile 2 TO Wordfile l A copy OfWordfile 2 is appended to Wordfile l APPEND REGION1 DAT TOTAL DAT 9uess A copy OfREGION1 DAT is appended to TOTALjDAT which is protected wi...

Page 36: ...PAYROLL A will now look like this Atkins W R Baker J B Chambers C P Dodson M W Kickamon T Y Lewis G E Miller L O Peterson B Rodriguez F PAYROLL B will be unaffected Library Commands 69...

Page 37: ...ge the passwords to an existing file Passwords are initially assigned when the file is created At that time the update and access words are set to the same value either the password you specified or a...

Page 38: ...do which grants total access to the file Suppose you want to temporarily stop access to the file Then use the command ATTRIB PAYROLL Avocado PROT NONE Now the use of the password PAYDAY grants no acce...

Page 39: ...the System is started up Examples AUTO DIR SYS Tells TRSDOS to write the command DIR SYS at the end of its start up procedure Each time the System is reset or powered up it will automatically execute...

Page 40: ...ommand Programs which are executed via the AUTO function should normally provide a means ofexiting to the TRSDOS READY mode Unless the BREAK key is blocked by the user program pressing BREAK will get...

Page 41: ...o begin inserting lines Each time you complete a line press BUILD will give you another chance to re do the line or keep it Press lm to erase and re do the line i3 mld to store it and start the next l...

Page 42: ...f the file one line at a time Beneath the line is an option list h f P D l b I plac In er t or G uit ENTER h D R I Q Type the first letter of the desired option and press IF1 U301 Keep Option Copies t...

Page 43: ...le To recover a BUILD file s previous contents There are a couple ofcases in which you may need to do this Let s assume you are editing a file named STARTER 1 After ending the edit session you realize...

Page 44: ...brary Commands CLEAR Clear User Memory This command zeros user memory and returns to TRSDOS It does not reinitialize the I O drivers unprotect high memory or perform any other functions Example CLEAR...

Page 45: ...play When it is on the 24 hour time will be displayed and updated once each second regardless of what program is executing TRSDOS starts up with the clock off Note The real time clock is always runnin...

Page 46: ...he Screen This command clears the Display Use it to erase information that you don t want others to see for example file specifications which include passwords Example CLS Sample Use CREATE PERSONNL B...

Page 47: ...option to overwrite destroy an existing file without the prompt Normally COpy uses memory below X 3000 however when copying from one diskette to another in a single drive it will use memory up to the...

Page 48: ...TESTPROG TO 3 Copies the specified file from the first drive that contains it onto drive 3 using the file name TESTPROG Sample Use Whenever a file is updated use COpy to make a backup file on another...

Page 49: ...cedure in which space is allocated to a file dynamically i e as necessary when data is written into the file With preallocated files unused space at the end of file is not deallocated recovered when t...

Page 50: ...Only A record is the quantity of data TRSDOS processes for you during disk operations The record length can be any value from 1 to 256 File Type TRSDOS allows two types of files Fixed Length Record FL...

Page 51: ...Job Description Up to 92 characters Then your records will need to be 25 11 92 128 bytes long You could create an appropriate file with the command CREATE PERSONNL TXT NRECS 250 LRL 128 Once creaed hi...

Page 52: ...979 200 14 15 31 for Thursday July 19 1979 the 200th day of the year 2 15 31pm Note If the time passes 23 59 59 TRSDOS does not start over at 00 00 00 Instead it continues with 24 00 00 However the ne...

Page 53: ...y protect this area from being overlaid by BASIC or other user programs To use DEBUG from BASIC you must turn DEBUG on before you start BASIC While DEBUG is on every time you attempt to load and execu...

Page 54: ...ter display ASCII display period indicates a non displayable character RAM display shows hex contents of each byte Z 80A register contents SZHPNC are the flag bits in register F Start address of one 1...

Page 55: ...rom that point press a The original instruction will be executed but the breakpoint will not be removed It will still be there the next time that address is reached Note Place breakpoints at the begin...

Page 56: ...d to by Pc Use it after the debugger has stopped at a breakpoint The original instruction at the breakpoint address will be executed but the breakpoint will remain in place D Decimal Format Press J to...

Page 57: ...mal format In this mode all addresses must be entered as four digit hexadecimal numbers J Jump This is a two step process 1 Type in the J command and the jump address This will load the address into t...

Page 58: ...and The debugger will prompt you to type in the starting address of memory to be examined As soon as you type in the complete address the memory display will show the l28 byte area starting with that...

Page 59: ...HL The cursor will move over to the first byte of the register pair While in the register modify mode use the cursor control keys Iand1 2to move over one nibble at a time Use to advance to the next r...

Page 60: ...f the drive specification in sion but use awild card field in place of and the wild card specification may list all files with the extension ext to be used If omitted drive zero will be nA I Tnl rDlfR...

Page 61: ...rogram file or D for Data file The second character is either S for System file or for User file The third character gives the password protection status X The file is unprotected no passwords A The f...

Page 62: ...culated Ifnumber exceeds 65535 it starts over at zero That is it is a modulo 65536 number True number of records can be inferred from Sectors Used column Number ofExtents How many segments contiguous...

Page 63: ...SDOS library commands you can load and execute user programs from a DO file You will probably want to make your program name be the last line in the DO file see Note Before the Do processor starts the...

Page 64: ...OS it will begin automatic command input from STARTER Sample Use Suppose you want to set up the followingTRsDosfunctions automatically on start up FORMS l J 812l CLOO ON VERIFY OFF Then use BUILD to c...

Page 65: ...s in the output devices and in the output software 2 Having dual routing on will slow dowri the video output process 3 Ifyour printer is currently off line or not powered up the Video Display will app...

Page 66: ...al form without the X notation This command copies a machine language program from memory into a program file You can then load and execute the program at any time by entering the file name in the TRS...

Page 67: ...mmand Press BREAK to stop ECHO and return to TRSDOS READY Sample Use You can key data directly to the printer by turning on dual routing and then starting ECHO DUALON ECHO Now whatever you type will b...

Page 68: ...ys a descriptive error message When TRSDOS gives you a reverse black on white message like ERROR 1 7 You type back ERROF 47 to see the full error message Example ERliOR 3 Gives you the message PARAMET...

Page 69: ...pon completion of the command control switch may be anyone ofthe following tellsTRSDOS to issue aform feed X OC character X tellsTRSDOS to send all data directly to the printer wittlout translation tr...

Page 70: ...ne feeds to advance paper to top of next page No auto top ofform send X OC and X OB directly to printer Automatic carriage return after W characters in a single line translate X 09 as 1 8 spaces to pe...

Page 71: ...default is PAGE 66 Lines per page This number determines the number of blank lines at the bottom ofeach page Ifyou set lines equal to page size then TRSDOS will print every line on the page Ifyou set...

Page 72: ...would use a command like this SETCOM 8 300 7 N 1 Then you would execute the FORMS command Technical Information The serial printer driver uses the following pins of channel B refer to the Model II Op...

Page 73: ...become segmented dispersed or fragmented This slows the access time since the disk read write mechanism must move back and forth across the diskette to read or write to a file FREE and ANALYZE help y...

Page 74: ...s are used in the FREE map Unused Granule D Directory Information X Allocated Granule F Granule Contains a Flawed Sector Unusable A Alternate directory Here s a typical display Disk name 110 X indicat...

Page 75: ...HELP Help with TRSDOS Commands Library Commands Sample Use HELP MOVE gives the syntax for the MOVE command HELP SYNTAX explains the format of the HELP messages 111...

Page 76: ...d by sending an ASCII X 03 If you disable remote BREAK that code will be ignored when it comes in via the serial interface The HOST will process a remote X QQ null char as if it were the local HOLD ke...

Page 77: ...and immediately after swapping diskettes It tells TRSDOS to read the diskette D s on all drives in the system Note Do not swap diskettes while a file is open See VERIFY for related information Example...

Page 78: ...file or Q pmi3jJ to cancel the command Examples KILL TESTPROG 8AS Deletes the named file from the first drive that contains it KILL J08FILE IDY fo99y Deletes the named file from the first drive that c...

Page 79: ...verified that the update file is correct you can Kill the old file KILL is also useful in conjunction with pre allocated files Suppose you have finished writing to a pre allocated file and one or more...

Page 80: ...MODEL II TRSDOS LIB Display Library Commands This command lists to the Display all the Library Commands Example L I I 116...

Page 81: ...e contents ofa file The listing shows both the hexadecimal contents and the ASCII characters corresponding to each value For values outside the range X 20 X 7F a period is displayed To stop the listin...

Page 82: ...0G l00000 60 6 5 10 r J 80 f 3 s 9l1J 9 j 1m Text on top row hex on next two rows Period for text indicates non printable data PAGE 1 6 31 Fixed or variable Iength records TYPE F Column ma kers BYTE R...

Page 83: ...p 1 Note You may not load a program file if it would overlay TRSDOS The code must be loaded above X 27FF Sample Use Often several program modules must be loaded into memory for use by a master program...

Page 84: ...Stop prompts and and no more copies If all files that match the Tode tin drive ALL ASS PROMPT It sJ lecifieswhich drive will contain the tspe ifies the destination of the copy allusE r files This para...

Page 85: ...offiles on a diskette The files will retain their relative positions in the directory listing BACKUP cannot serve this function since it duplicates the file segmentation of the source diskette To per...

Page 86: ...d for use inside a DO file It makes TRSDOS print a message and then wait for the operator to press miEn Example PAUSE Insert Diskette 21 Prints PAUSE followed by the message and prompts the operator t...

Page 87: ...IEmg th records tells TI S OSi totreiat tl e j irst byte in each record as a forms ASCII Contents of Ffrst Byte Control Functfon Do aform feed before printing top of form Only llsethi 3 Ol tioln Vl he...

Page 88: ...s all printer output You can then PRINT to the video by using the v option 2 PRINT does a top ofform before it starts printing 3 Unprintable characters undefined control codes and codes 127 are printe...

Page 89: ...userfile protection is left unchanged Ifone is used the othermust be omitted PROT changes file protection on a large scale If you know the diskette s master password you can change it You can also pro...

Page 90: ...se PURGE you must know the diskette s master password TRSDOS System diskettes are supplied with the password PASSWORD Before eliminating any system files read Disk File Requirements in Section O When...

Page 91: ...f the serial channels with SETCOM Select the appropriate parameters depending on the requirements of the transmitting device Notes 1 The data will be loaded into memory according to the load informati...

Page 92: ...hexadecimal addresses The code will be in the memory area specified in the data itself You can now use the DUMP command to create a program file on diskette 2 You have initialized channel B properly...

Page 93: ...nibble most significant four bits sent as first byte of pair 2 low nibble least significant four bits sent as second byte of pair For example the value X FT is sent as two bytes F X 46 followed by 7...

Page 94: ...re the data is to start loading Address 6 High nibble of Isb specified must be in the user area X 2800 TOPj of load addr Low nibble of Isb of load addr 8 High nibble of Isb of EOF end of file This byt...

Page 95: ...d back tothe original byte of data before it is summed CHARACTER NUMBER SAMPLE DATA ASCII HEX VALUE 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 7 A 3 3A 30 32 32 38 30 30 30 30 33 37 37 30 41 33 This record w...

Page 96: ...ord Use ATIRIB to do that Examples RENAME Miss BAS TO Ms BAS TRSDOS will search for Miss BAS starting with drive 0 and will rename it to Ms BAS RENAME REPORT AUG 3 TO REPORT SEP Renames REPORT AUG on...

Page 97: ...Library Commands i RESET Reset Restart TRSDOS Executing the command is equivalent to pressing the RESET switch The RESET command closes all open files Sample Use RESET 133...

Page 98: ...of the display and outputs it to the printer Graphics characters will be represented as periods and reverse alphanumeric characters will be represented as normal characters Sample Use You want to save...

Page 99: ...ositional e g thethird item in an option list must always specify parity To use a default value omit the option If you want to list subsequentopJions you must include a commafbr each default SETCOMwit...

Page 100: ...available when the respective channel has been initialized See Technical Information for details Examples SETCOM A Sets up channel A for serial communications using all the default parameters System f...

Page 101: ...deleted after it is printed TRSDOS will print file ifthe file is closed by aSPOOL S r ifadisk erroroccurs in the print file C copies Specifies how many copies you want Ifomitted one copy is made c may...

Page 102: ...pture file SPOOL I Type SPOOL ON SPOOL N F SPOOL1 Now all printer output will be saved in SPOOL I To stop capturing the printer output in SPOOL type SPOOL OFF Now SPOOL I is a text file which may be L...

Page 103: ...details of spooler a briefexplanation of how it works is in order Spooler itselfcan be thought ofas a high level supervisor whose role is to monitor the use of the physical printer As such spooler ca...

Page 104: ...course disk space Printed reports usually take a lot ofdisk space to store More on this later 3 Some of the features that spooler print has that should be helpful are listed below A The operator has c...

Page 105: ...the same software in the operating system then the spooler will take a back seat to your program An example would be spooler printer needs another disk record to continue its printing Your program is...

Page 106: ...se new functions will preclude the use of spooler print while your program is running Only when your program is outputting data directly to the physical printer which it is not the case ifspooler is r...

Page 107: ...mple runs should show you what disk space requirements you might have and what limitations ofprinted report size you might experience IO Spooler either capture or printing is compatible with A Host B...

Page 108: ...NTIL YOU HAVE TURNED THE SPOOLER OFF Do not Backup or Format to these disks either 5 The capture file traps all printer bytes no translation is done This is true regardless of what print control optio...

Page 109: ...This command tells you the first address of protected high memory non user memory and list the on offstatus of various TRSDOS functions are active Sample Use You want to locate a Z 80 program at the...

Page 110: ...the T option Use it whenever you adjust the printer paper position or whenever you want to start a new page If spooler is currently active and capturing this will send Top Of Forms character X OC to t...

Page 111: ...plays it in this format THU JUl 19 1979 200 14 15 31 for Thursday July 19 1979 the 200th day of the year 2 15 31 pm Note If the time passes 23 59 59 TRSDOS does not start over at 00 00 00 Instead it c...

Page 112: ...ion to verify that the data is readable If the data is not readable after retries TRSDOS will return an error message so you ll know that the operation was not successful Note TRSDOS always verifies d...

Page 113: ...Section 3 Utility Programs...

Page 114: ...m Several other incidental utilities are included BASCOM COMSUBand DOCOM all for serial communications EXDATM and DATM for date calculations HERZ50 farnan USA users PRTBKSP LPII The following utilitie...

Page 115: ...destination diskette If omitted TRSDOS will use the diskette name ofthe source diskette Yt e s r t i lf omitted all files will ASS tells TRSDOS notto prompt the operatorfor diskette information butto...

Page 116: ...is omitted and the destination diskette contains file data If you wish to overwrite existing information type Y ENTER To cancel BACKUP type Q ENTER Change Diskette Information This prompt will only be...

Page 117: ...the destination diskette contains an alternate directory on a track which is used for data on the source diskette the backup will be cancelled Other Messages and Error Conditions This is not a compreh...

Page 118: ...ry is available TRSDOS will use it automatically This will slow down disk I O If you begin having diskette errors with a particular diskette use BACKUP with a destination diskette which is known to be...

Page 119: ...o place the primary directory If this option is omitted track 44 will be used The primary directory may be placed on any track from 1 76 Warning SYSTEM SYS requires 7 tracks following directory if dis...

Page 120: ...e data on that diskette See BACKUP Using BACKUP to Recover Lost Data Selecting the Directory Tracks TRSDOS allows you to specify where the directories will be placed The default locations are Primary...

Page 121: ...defaulted FORMAT 1 DIR 01 ALT 02 Drive 1 primary directory on track 1 alternate on track 2 This leaves all unused space in one extent The resultant diskette can not be used to contain TRSDOS since th...

Page 122: ...3000 to top of user memory To execute the test type under TRSDOS READY MEMTEST ENTER Note After running the full memory test you must reset the system After running the user memory test control return...

Page 123: ...to replace findstring changestring must contain the same number of bytes as does findstring Both findstring and changstring can be in hexadecimal or hexadecimal form each byte to be changed is rep1 re...

Page 124: ...e operating system Note If you press during a patch operation before any changes have been made in the file PATCH will close the file and return you to TRSDOS The file will be unchanged Once PATCH has...

Page 125: ...ograms Ifthe file is stored with the D attribute you specify the patch area in terms ofthe logical record which contains the data and the starting byte ofthe data in that record The TRSDOS LIST comman...

Page 126: ...u are patching adat Ing spans two records You wi patch in two steps one for each re s a part of the string to be changed ADDRESS OUT OF PROGRAM LOAD RANGE ABORT 162 This occurs when you attempt to pat...

Page 127: ...ct code Input output is through serial channel A In most applications hookup will be through telephone lines via a modem TERMINAL has three modes of operation Menu Allows you to select or change optio...

Page 128: ...serial terminator on that channel 2 Find out what RS 232 C parameters are required by the host program you are going to use Baud rate Word length Parity Number of stop bits You will need to initializ...

Page 129: ...ng to communicate with Type ENTER MENU SELECTION The program will prompt you to type in a TRSDOS command Type in the SETCOM command just as you would in the TRSDOS READY mode For example ENTER TRSDOS...

Page 130: ...ho option and TERMINAL will display your keyboard input Incoming characters can be saved in the RAM buffer R option and can be output to the printer P option If transmission errors occur TERMINAL will...

Page 131: ...sions If not you might want to speed it up Ifabreak character or sequence is received in this mode TERMINAL will pause until the next character is received IfaX 13 is received TERMINAL will pause unti...

Page 132: ...B Set Change Break Character or Sequence This command lets you select which incoming code will be interpreted as a break It also lets you define a key to send that same break character or to send a br...

Page 133: ...does not affect operation in the interactive terminal mode The prompt wait feature allows you to use the high speed transmit from RAM mode even when the host program can only accept one line at a time...

Page 134: ...l F2 Keys This command lets you program F1 and F2 to output any code from zero to 255 This is useful when you will be using a particular code frequently For example suppose the host program accepts a...

Page 135: ...d to the printer as it is received and displayed Whenever you use D command while this option is on the RAM buffer text will be copied to the printer Be sure you have initialized the printer with the...

Page 136: ...and the menu prompt will return R Toggle RAM Buffer Option This command pertains to the interactive terminal mode only It lets you save in RAM some or all the data that is received by opening and clo...

Page 137: ...control code will be sent When you display a message control codes will not be shown at all For example suppose the host terminal requires responses to the following prompts during sign on USER ID USE...

Page 138: ...can now send it with the X command After transmission is complete TERMINAL will go to the interactive terminal mode C Copy RAM Buffer to Disk This command creates a disk file copy ofthe text in the R...

Page 139: ...ting from RAM press BREAK You will be returned to the menu o Enter Terminal Mode with Auto Sign On This command starts transmission ofthe current auto sign on message After the message is sent TERMINA...

Page 140: ...the display Ifthe RAM buffer is open they will be saved in RAM regardless of the state ofthis option Here is a list offiltered codes when the option is on all codes are given in hexadecimal OI 02 03 0...

Page 141: ...except that it will no longer be saved in the buffer Saving the RAM Buffer When the buffer is filled in the interactive mode or when you suspect it will be soon do the following 1 Transmit a pause or...

Page 142: ...n Video filter option Auto sign on option Receive into RAM option not recommended Speed of transmit from RAM and auto sign on as set by the CD and keys Once you find out the maximum rate oftransmissio...

Page 143: ...u are receiving the carrier signal from the host program ENTER MENU SELECTION Now go through the necessary sign on with the program When you want to send theBASIC program press BREAK to return to the...

Page 144: ...the interactive terminal mode T option and tell the host to send the program After the entire program has been received press BREAK to return to the menu then type ENTER MENU t EL ECT I ON ENTER ENTE...

Page 145: ...may be produced while you are in the interactive terminal mode The following messages can be produced in any mode except the menu Check the telephone modem connection TERMINAL will pause until the car...

Page 146: ...smission until next Character Is Received Yes Transmit From RAM Auto Sign On Yes Option W 1 Option Option Use E Option Menu N A Use S Command l Receive Into RAM Auto Sign On Wait For Prompt PrograrnCf...

Page 147: ...o No Yes Transmit From RAM Auto Sign On S No Menu Command No Command Dump X 3000 X 3FFF Feature Option GetDisk FilEfinto Ram Copy Ram To Disk Transmit Ram Buffer Recognize DC1 DC3 Resume Pause DisplCi...

Page 148: ...eation of Minimum System or Data Diskettes For definitions of minimum system and data diskettes see Section 0 of this manual 3 Merging System Files from Different Diskettes This is useful for combinin...

Page 149: ...kette that does not have these seven free tracks cannot be converted until the files located on these tracks are moved or killed You should try to copy the files onto another less full diskette then k...

Page 150: ...ending on the number of system files on your source diskette If there are not seven contiguous free tracks following the directory XFERSYS will list the files that must be moved to free up this area I...

Page 151: ...ill purge from the destination diskette all system files that are duplicated on source diskette It will not purge the system files unique to the destination diskette i e the language package files Nex...

Page 152: ...nation drive will move a minimum system onto the destination diskette The system files will occupy tracks 2 8 Details ofthe XFERSYS Process XFERSYS has three phases Phase 1 Part 1 XFERSYS determines w...

Page 153: ...1 1 1 2 or 2 0 Phase 2 TRSDOS now copies the system file SYSTEM SYS This is the file residing on seven contiguous tracks following the directory Phase 3 TRSDOS copies the remaining system programs ma...

Page 154: ...e COMSUB via the USR function Like TERMINAL BASCOM and COMSUB are included on your system diskette and may be examined by employing the TRSDOS command LIST or the BASIC command LIST in the case of BAS...

Page 155: ...mit or receive error is detected COMSUB will print the word ERROR followed by an 8 bit error code The leftmost digit represents bit 7 the right most digit bit zero The program will continue to attempt...

Page 156: ...ON ERROR IF MODEM CARRIER NOT PRESENT IRETURN IF r tJ CHARACTER RECIEVED ISET sTATUS BITS IQ JIT ON ERROR IF ANY STATUS BITS ARE SET IPASS RECIEVEP CHARACTER TO STRING LOCATION ICHARACTER TO BE TRANSM...

Page 157: ...e resulting date The timespan can t be greater than 65535 days the year of the date must be at least 1600 and not larger than 9999 2 Given two dates the program calculates the number of days between t...

Page 158: ...number of days between two days type D in response to the initial prompt A D In response to the ENTER PARAMETERS prompt type in your data as in this sample 104 15 197912 31 1979 The program will prin...

Page 159: ...buffer located above X 27FF as follows mm dd yyyy i5jjjjj just like the input text for EXDATM described previously DE 26 byte output buffer located above X 27FF as follows NAME OF MONTH DAY OF DAY MO...

Page 160: ...TE AT EC60H 29 I 30 I 3T 32 1 __ _ _ _l _ 0000 E5 3 DATM 01 05 35 _0 3 2_C5 36 37 0003 7C 38 LD A H ICHECK FOR BAD BUFFER ADDRESS 0004 FE28 39 CP 28H 1 0006 3822 0 JR C ERRoR IQUIT ON ERROR 0008 lA 41...

Page 161: ...L I A D6 6AYrlFMONTHrn c PAN 1010510 6F 81 LD L A IMoVE SPAN 0051 ED52 B2 SBC HL DE ISEE IF OVER A MoNLH _ 01053 23 83 INC HL READJUST REMAINING SPAN 0054 382A 84 JR C FINISH LEAVE LOOP IF NIJT nVER A...

Page 162: ...LD C 4 l 4 0106D 3E17 143 LD A 17H IDIVIDE OOBF CF 144 RsT 8 SVC 00C0 23 145 INC HL ADJUST FOR DAY ZERO SAT MON 100Cl 23 146 INC H1 lSAME OOC2 23 147 INC HL SAME 00C3 23 148 INC HL SAME 00C4 23 149 I...

Page 163: ...D TABLE ADDRESS 011F of 203 LD L A FIND TABLE ADDREss 0120 3001 204 JR NC MONDFY IJUMP IF MSB c _ 0122 24 205 INC H I INC MSB ON C 0123 0J0300 200 MONOFY LD BC 3 13 LOOPS _ 0 1 2 0 ____ cC DC 8 c 0 0...

Page 164: ...DD HL OE IFIND FIRST DIGIT 252 LOADSS EQU 10 180 110000 253 LD DE 0 IGET BUFFER ADDRESS 254 OUTDSS EQU 0183 EDB0 255 LDIR I MOVE 0185 ED538101 R 256 LD OUTDSS DE ISAVE ADDRESS 0189 C9 257 RET 258 I 01...

Page 165: ...lOFC 316 DJNZ LooPl I LOOP 200 0E02 317 LD C 2 ICoUNT FOR MOVE 020F EDBIO 318 LDIR 1MOVE 0211 E5 319 PUSH HL ISAVE POINTER TO INFORMATION 0212 211 B02 R 320 LD iL BUFF5 IFRONT OF BUFFER 0215 04 321 IN...

Page 166: ...ERROR 0268 78 374 LD A E IYEAR 0269 322102 R 375 LD YR1 A ISTORE YEAR 026C ES 376 PUSI HL SA VE pm NTER TO I NFrlRMAT ION 0260 CDF601 R 377 CALL FIXFE8 IFIX FE S 0270 3A2202 R 378 LD A ION MONTf j 02...

Page 167: ...LD C OiL MOVE 1ST DATE 02CE 77 431 LO HLl A I 02CF 9 432 LO A C I 0200 12 433 LO DE A I 0201 23 434 INC HL BUMP POINTER 0202 13 435 INC DE BUMP POINTER 02 03 10F7 436 DJNZ SWITCH IUJoP 0205 C08902 R 4...

Page 168: ...86 JP ALEXIT lEND 487 0328 CDF601 R 488 CoMPAR CALL FIXFEB FIX FFB 032 3A2202 R 48Q LD A MoNI MONTH 0331 1600 4Q0 MORE LD D 0 ZERO MSB 0333 5F 4Ql LD E A MOVE MONTH 0334 21D101 R 492 LD HL MONTHS MONT...

Page 169: ...5 R 5102 49 7 GOOD 102 3 R 446 443 5107 514 519 JUL1 0227 R 335 56 72 78 87 425 459 495 502 JULDAT 0016 R 48 JlJl IAN 0224 R 333 122 J 74 2 14 JULT j 031 R 65 57 99 1107 LOBUFF 0099 R 124 LOAOR 10289...

Page 170: ...the drive zero diskette is changed Be sure it is write enabled before you start the Do file Once the HERZ50 changes are done they will remain in effect for that diskette To perform the change type und...

Page 171: ...This Do file changes the TRSDOS printer driver to make it properly operate the Radio Shack Line Printer II It makes a permanent change in the TRSDOS diskette The change will take effect when the Compu...

Page 172: ...e using a printer which can handle this code properly you may want to modify TRSDOS so that it will send the backspace code to the printer To make the modification execute the Do file named PRTBKSP Th...

Page 173: ...al level You do not need it to use the Operator Commands nor do you need it to run BASIC applications programs on the Computer You do need it to write assemblyprograms which use System routines You ma...

Page 174: ...r track On System diskettes 65 tracks are available for the user on non System diskettes 75 tracks are available Details Track 0 is reserved by the System Another track usually track 44 is reserved by...

Page 175: ...l not de allocate unused granules when a pre allocated file is Closed The way to reduce the size of a Pre Allocated file is to Copy it to a dynamically allocated file and Kill the Pre Allocated one Re...

Page 176: ...Record length in an FLR file is set when the file is Opened for the first time This length can be any value from 1to 256 bytes Once set the record length in an FLR cannot be changed unless the file i...

Page 177: ...e record contains 255 bytes of data Length Data Data A length byte value of 2 indicates that the record contains 1 byte of data Length Byte one byte of data A length byte value of 16 indicates that th...

Page 178: ...h records VLRs you can only position to the beginning of the file or to the end of file You cannot position to any other record in the file since the position of interior VLRs cannot be calculated If...

Page 179: ...Examples with Variable Length Records Here are examples of ways to read or write to VLR files 1 Start reading or writing sequentially at tirst record Open the file and start reading or writing sequent...

Page 180: ...s Function Code Calling Procedure All SVCs are accomplished via the RST 8 instruction 1 Load the Function Code for the desiredsvc into the A register Also load any other registers which are needed by...

Page 181: ...Technical Information Get a character from the Keyboard GETCHAR L D A 4 Rt T 8 rR NZ GET CHAR CHARACTER IS IN REGISTER B CODE 4 GET CHARACTER SVC JUI 1P TO t C DO AGAIN IF NO CHARACTER 217...

Page 182: ...File Already In Directory No DriveA lajl bl ForAn Open Write Attempt To A Read Only File Write FaultOn DiSk I O Disk Is Write Protected DCBISl Aodified AndJsUnusable Directory Read Error OirectpryWri...

Page 183: ...o An Unopen File IHe gal I OAttempt SEEK Error l ata l ostQ ringDiskI O Hardware Fault Printer Not Ready Prtnt c9 tt P lp er Printer Fault May Be Turned Off printer Not Available Not Applicable To VLR...

Page 184: ...ress of points to the data If Z flag is not set an error occurred When a range is not given any representable number can be used For example a register can contain any value from 0 255 The contents of...

Page 185: ...mand and then returns to TRSDOS READY 38 RETCMD Sends TRSDOS a command and return to caller 39 ERROR Displays ERROR number 52 ERRMSG Returns Error Message to Buffer 57 CLRXIT Clear RAM and return to T...

Page 186: ...al to 0 B Function code to be used 95 code 128 C Set Reset code If C O remove the vector Otherwise add the vector A 2 Exit Conditions HL Removed vector address when c o on entry SETBRK Set lJIlIm func...

Page 187: ...assigned by the FORMAT and BACKUP utilities This routine is useful when the program needs to ensure that the Operator has inserted the proper diskette Entry Conditions B Drive Select Code If B 0 read...

Page 188: ...ntinue executing your program until the timer counts down to zero or you reset the timer This is a one shot timer When it counts to zero and causes an interrupt it automatically shuts off See Programm...

Page 189: ...he HOLD processor by calling the SYC with B 1 Then when you want to check whether HOLD has been pressed call it again with B 1 If HOLD has been pressed the routine will not return until HOLD is presse...

Page 190: ...ends TRSDOS an operator command After completion of the command control returns to your program All Open files are Closed automatically Note Take care thatTRSDOS doesn t overlay your program while loa...

Page 191: ...Conditions B Error Code A 39 Exit Conditions NZ Error A Error Code ERRMSG Error Message function code 52 This routine returns an 80 byte descriptive error message to the specified buffer area See list...

Page 192: ...itions A 57 Exit Conditions None Keyboard Supervisor calls described in this section FUNCTION CODE NAME PURPOSE 1 KBINIT Clears stored keystrokes 4 KBCHAR Gets a character from keyboard S KBLINE Gets...

Page 193: ...cter from the keyboard The routine returns immediately either with or without a character in register B The key is masked from the user it will never be returned since it is intercepted by the System...

Page 194: ...HL Start of input buffer B Maximum number of characters to receive B A 5 Actual number of characters input including carriage return if input buffer was filled without carriage return If line ended w...

Page 195: ...visor Calls described in this section FUNCTION CODE NAME PURPOSE Table 4 6 Video Display Supervisor Calls The Display has two modes of operation Scroll and Graphics Cursor motion and allowable input c...

Page 196: ...ode Each time an acceptable display character is received it is displayed at the current cursor position which is set on entry to the Graphics Mode routines Before displaying the next character the cu...

Page 197: ...ters per line The illustration above shows the 80 character per line mode In the scroll mode each time an acceptable display character is received it is displayed at the current cursor position and th...

Page 198: ...or to the top left corner position 0 in the Scroll Mode illustration Entry Conditions B Character size switch If B O then size is set to 40 characters line Otherwise size is set to 80 characters line...

Page 199: ...previous line Cursor will not move into the scroll protected area ENTER OD Moves cursor down to beginning of next line CTRl J OE Turns dual routing on CTRU J OF Turns dual routing off CTRl CI 14 Home...

Page 200: ...codes in the range 0 127 Received control codes code X 20 are handled as with VDCHAR Entry Conditions HL Beginning of the buffer containing characters to be set t6 the Display B Number of characters t...

Page 201: ...de reverts to previous state after completion of VDGRAF call FA Sets Reverse black on white mode Cursor does not advance Mode reverts to previous state after completion of VDGRAF call FS Homes cursor...

Page 202: ...acter line mode C 40 ForC 39 C modulo 40 is used as column position D Length of buffer in range 0 255 HL Beginning of text buffer The buffer should contain codes below X SO or the special control code...

Page 203: ...is routine can also be used just to locate the cursor see below Entry Conditions B Row on screen where read starts B 24 If B 23 then B mod 24 is used as row position C Column on screen where read star...

Page 204: ...t buffer Next the routine gets a line from the Keyboard Note Before starting the line input all previously stored keystrokes are cleared Refer to KBUNE for a list of Received Control Codes and other d...

Page 205: ...ck of the current cursor position whether it is on or off Entry Conditions B Function Switch If B 0 then cursor will be turned off If B 0 then cursor will be turned on A 26 SCROLL function code 27 Thi...

Page 206: ...other control codes The following table summarizes the character code relationships for this routine Hex Code OO IF 20 7F 80 9F AO FF Display Character Normal Graphics Normal ASCII Text Reversed Graph...

Page 207: ...Conditions A 17 B Page length C Printed lines per page D Maximum number ofcharacters per line Register C must always be less than or equal to B IfB C 1 0 TRSDOS will not do any automatic top ofform H...

Page 208: ...aintains current line on page and current character in line counts regardless of which initialization settings are used See SVC PRCTRL for further details on these counts 2 The printer need not be rea...

Page 209: ...directly to the printer There are several ways to override some or all of these character translations See SVC PRINIT and SVC PRCTRL Table ofIntercepted Codes ASCII Hex Name Code Tab 09 Vertical OB T...

Page 210: ...acter to send after last character in buffer A 19 Exit Conditions NZ Error A Error Code PRCTRL Control Printer Operations function code 95 This routine lets you select various printer options and chec...

Page 211: ...rinted on each page D Maximum number ofcharacters to be printed on each line E ASCII P or S Indicates which printer option Parallel or Serial Printer is selected H Number ofcharacters printed on curre...

Page 212: ...set return code During dummy mode operation the line count and character count remain unchanged Auto Line Feed Normally the TRSDOS printer driver does not print line feeds after carriage returns This...

Page 213: ...efore you switch to the serial printer and select normal operation before you switch to the parallel printer That way the line and character count will remain accurate for the parallel printer It will...

Page 214: ...OPEN HL A Reserved for use in later versions ofTRSDOS 33 Exit Conditions BC NZ A Current Record Number Error Error Code READNX Read Next Record function code 34 This routine reads the next record aft...

Page 215: ...ith VLR files you can only use it to read the first record or to read the end of file Entry Conditions DE Data Control Block for currently Open file see OPEN BC Desired record number BC 0 means positi...

Page 216: ...xit Conditions NZ Error A Error Code Before calling OPEN you must reserve space for the Data Control Block Parameter List Buffer Area and Record Area as described below Data Control Block 60 bytes The...

Page 217: ...UFADR RECADR EODAD R or W RL F or V 0 or 1 USER or p or 2 ATTRIBUTE BUFADR Buffer Address This two byte field must point to the beginning of the Buffer Area The Buffer Area is the space TRSDOS will us...

Page 218: ...Files this area should be long enough to contain the longest record in the file including the length byte If you are not sure what the longest record will be reserve 256 bytes EODAD End of Data Addre...

Page 219: ...es not already exist TRSDOS will use the first write enabled drive with at least one free granule RL Record Length This one byte field specifies the record length to be used Zero indicates a record le...

Page 220: ...R ATTRIBUTE value of zero All files created with the CREATE command will have a USER ATTRIBUTE value of zero The USER ATTRIB UTE is assigned when a file is created or opened with creation code 1or 2 W...

Page 221: ...TNX Write Next Record function code 43 This routine writes the next record after the last record accessed that is it writes sequentially IfWRITNX is the first access after the file is Opened the first...

Page 222: ...set to the last record written Entry Conditions DE Data Control Block for currently Open file BC Record number you want to write BC 0 means write first record in file BC X FFFF means write record at e...

Page 223: ...is routine compares a file specification with a wild card specification For details on wild card specifications use the Index Entry Conditions B Function Code Result Set wild card mask Compare file sp...

Page 224: ...ntry with B 0 the exit conditions are NZ Invalid mask specification After entry with B I the exit conditions are NZ File does not match mask or no mask has been set After entry with B 2 the exit condi...

Page 225: ...nto RAM in the format described below Gets one specified directory record into RAM if it exists in the format described below Gets free space information in the format described below HL Buffer area I...

Page 226: ...d to fill 15 bytes Indicates Fixed or Variable length records Logical Record Length one byte binary 0 255 oimplies LRL 256 or VLR file One byte binary 0 16 Null files O Binary 0 65535 in LSB MSB seque...

Page 227: ...error The following registers are set up B Which drive contains the file binary 0 I 2 or 3 C Position of file in the diskette directory binary 1 96 User Notes This routine is especially intended for u...

Page 228: ...umber range 0 254 Converts binary to AScII coded decimal and vice versa Compares two text strings Performs 8 bit 16 bit muItiplication and 16 bit 8 bit division Converts binary to AScII coded hexadeci...

Page 229: ...22 microseconds A 6 RANDOM function code 20 This routine returns a random one byte value To extend the cycle of repetition the instantaneous time date are used in generating the number You pass the ro...

Page 230: ...Contents of other registers when B 0 binary to decimal DE Two byte binary number to convert HL 5 byte area to contain ASCII coded decimal value upon return The field will contain decimal digits X 30 X...

Page 231: ...tical NZ indicates strings not identical Carry flag set indicates first string pointed to by DE precedes second string pointed to by HL in collating sequence Other register contents A First non matchi...

Page 232: ...r multiplication HL Multiplicand C Multiplier For division HL Dividend C Divisor Exit Conditions HL Result product HL C or quotient HL C A Overflow byte multiplication only C Remainder division only S...

Page 233: ...h keys must be between X OO and X FE Given a one byte search argument the routine locates the first matching entry in the table The routine uses a sequential search algorithm Entry Conditions HL First...

Page 234: ...cimal to binary A 24 Contents of other registers when B 0 DE Two byte binary number to convert HL 4 byte area to contain ASCII coded hexadecimal value upon return The field will contain hexadecimal di...

Page 235: ...TAPR28197911813 20 42045 Represents the data Saturday April 28 1979 118th day of the year 13 20 42 hours 4th month of the year 5th day of the week Notes DAY OF WEEK Field Monday is day O The date calc...

Page 236: ...lds are delimited by separators and terminators defined below For example the line BAUD 300 PARITY EVEN WORD 7 contains 6 fields BAUD 300 PARITY EVEN WORD and 7 However a field can also be delimited b...

Page 237: ...it Conditions Field position HL First byte of field if a delimited field was found HL Terminator or non blank separator if no field was found HL Last byte of buffer if parse reached maximum length Act...

Page 238: ...ts List 1 Characters to be used as terminators List 2 Additions to the set of field characters List 3 Deletions from the set of field characters i e alphanumerics to be interpreted as separators Each...

Page 239: ...typical List Address Block with its associated lists Assume that on entry to PARSER DE X 8000 X 8000 Start Start Start of of of list 1 list 2 list 3 X 9010 3 characters in list 2 X 9000 4 characters...

Page 240: ...initi l l i l ll to NXTFLD LD HL BUFFER HL string to parse PARSE LOOP PARSE CALL NXTFLD Routine to call PARSER CALL HANDLR Routine to handle new field JR NZ NXTRTN Go to next routine if parsed ended o...

Page 241: ...ns NZ String not found Z String found HL Start position of matching string in search string SORT RAM Sort function code 56 This routine sorts a list ofentries in RAM All entries must have the same len...

Page 242: ...TRSDOS code Value in A I 2 3 4 5 Meaning Key end exceeds last byte of entry Key start exceeds last byte of entry Entry length 0 invalid Key length 0 invalid Address offirst entry address of last entr...

Page 243: ...ke keyboard input and video output The major difference is that your program must check the communications status at various times to ensure that the communications link is in place and that data is n...

Page 244: ...haracter received 6 Framing error occurred on last character received 7 A break sequence extended null character was received B will have a X OO in it It is possible to obtain the status ofa serial ch...

Page 245: ...C LOSTC A 4 8 NZ START A B o Z TRYKE 8 NZ ERROR 3000H LD RST LD RST JR ORG LO CP JR RsT JR LD PST JR SETCOMJO MUST HAVE ALREADY BEEN DONE BEFORE THE EXECUTION OF THIS Pq GRAM SAMPLE IS SETCiJM A JfJ0...

Page 246: ...LD A 100 CH A CONTROL SVC RST 8 PERFORM THE SVC JR JZ EI ROR ERROR BAD FUNCT ION BIT 3 8 SEE IF CARRIER BIT STI LL ON JP JZ CLooP IF ON IE CARRIER NOT THERE WAIT JR START IF CARRIER THERE RETURN TO MA...

Page 247: ...se stranded wire 24 gauge to connect two DB 25 connectors as illustrated_ If wire length exceeds 50 feet twist lines 7 GND 2 TO and 3 AD Refer to the Modell Operation Manual for a description of signa...

Page 248: ...tive Entry Conditions HL Parameter list described below B Function switch If B is not equal to zero then tum on the channel and define I O SVC s for that channel IfB is equal to zero then tum off the...

Page 249: ...reduce data overruns when receiving data at high speeds When each byte is received the communications status at that time is also stored in the receive buffer Each time you get a character via the SV...

Page 250: ...routines perform character output to channel A or B They are analogous to video character output see YDCHAR TRSDOS sets up A BTX A BRCY and A BCTRL when you initialize channel AlB with RS232C If you...

Page 251: ...CTRL BCTRL Control Channel A B function codes 100 101 These routines control the RS 232 C interface Channels Aand B Entry Conditions A 100 for ACTRL 101 for BCTRL B Option switch Contents of Register...

Page 252: ...ng when set 7 Break sequence is now being received 6 Framing error in a byte now being received 5 Data overflow due to a byte now being received 4 Parity error in byte now being received 3 Modem data...

Page 253: ...n executable disk file setting load and transfer addresses 3 To run the program input the file name to the TRSDOS command interpreter TRSDOS READY mode Program Entry Conditions Upon entry to your prog...

Page 254: ...her registers Contents are the same as they were when the interrupt was processed Before doing any processing you should save all registers When finished processing restore all registers and execute a...

Page 255: ...iguous there can be no unused bytes after the end ofone block and the beginning of the next There are three major types of blocks 1 Program data blocks These contain the actual program data prefixed b...

Page 256: ...following Byte 1 2 3 4 5 end Notes Contents Block Identifier 1 Length number of bytes of program data plus two for load address Load address where the following program data starts loading into RAM L...

Page 257: ...will be loaded serially starting at the load address The load address must allow the entire block ofprogram data to load in the User area of RAM see Memory Requirements ofTRSDOS Comment Blocks Commen...

Page 258: ...lowing the program just loaded 2 The transfer address is in LSB MSB sequence It must be in the user area of RAM see Memory Requirements ofTRSDOS Procedure for Writing a Program File Program files must...

Page 259: ...FD4FIZl8E4FD4F956FEDE3F I 22 F 11l11l1Zl11l1Zl1Zl1Zl11l11l11l11l1Zl11l11l11l1Zl1Zl1Zl1Zl1Zl11l11l1Zl Length of Comment R I LRL 256 First Byte of Program Data oo H O eo 00 EFIZlIZl 21 IE EF 06 33 3E 34...

Page 260: ...gh memory modules If you invoke a system function that loads this high RAM with a module and then your application loads something on top of this you will certainly experience problems Refer to the me...

Page 261: ...ations and programs as if the remote were local the local keyboard and video If this high RAM space is overlayed with a user subroutine serious problems will occur Operation flexibility suffers ifan a...

Page 262: ...to stay away from the high RAM areas It is also possible that in future releases of the TRSDOS operating system more features or routines will be available that will use this space in high RAM You sho...

Page 263: ...Section 5 Appendix TRSDOS Character Codes Keyboard Code Map Decimal Hexadecimal Conversion...

Page 264: ...rriage return Dual routing on Dual routing off Erase to end of line Erase to end of screen Sets white on black mode Sets black on white mod Clears screen homes cursor Moves cursor back Moves cursor fo...

Page 265: ...mode Video Display Scroll mode 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A A A B B C C C 0 0 0 0 41 42 43 44 45 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 32 gH1SJ Fj2 ts 33 21 34 22 35 23 36 24 37 25 38 39 63 64 65 66 67 K...

Page 266: ...Code 302 Modell TRSDOS Character Video Display Scroll mode...

Page 267: ...o Display Scroll mode Appendix Codes 128 248 cannot be input from the keyboard or output to the display When re ding the display a value greater than 127 indicates a reverse character corresponding to...

Page 268: ...7F 28 ESC 21 240 23 4 24 25 5E 26 2A 28 29 iF 28 BACK BREAK 1 31 32 3 33 34 5 35 636 737 838 939 030 20 30 SPACE 18 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 30 20 30 08 03 all W 17 E05 R 12 T 14 y19 U 15 1 9 OOF p...

Page 269: ...7 8 9 F1 1C 38 39 01 4 5 6 F2 1D 34 35 36 02 E 1 2 3 E 31 32 33 N T c E F I R 30 2E OD...

Page 270: ...713 L E 9 iZ 9 79 LtoF 10 ijjA fm 50 11 0B Bl J1 1 Q JC f32 13 0D D3 3 1L 0E f3 54 1 elF B t t 1 16 10 86 56 17 11 t t _ 1El 12 81 3 58 19 13 Be 59 0 14 90 SA 21 15 91 B 22 16 92 4 3 17 93 SD 24 1f 3...

Page 271: ...BF L 3 1 4 911 2L 11 5 91 J 146 92 2 6 1I 7 9 l 11 B 9 2 B 149 9 ci 150 96 3 lj 1 1 97 231 152 98 5 1 3 99 ZB 154 9 4 3 t 1 J5 9B 35 1 56 9C 36 157 9D 37 1513 liE 2313 159 9F 39 160 0 0 21 0 161 Ai 2...

Page 272: ...Section 6 Index...

Page 273: ...CMD 226 Drive specification 61 DUAL 101 DUMP 102 295 Dynamically allocated file 84 211 310 ECHO 103 Entering a Command 56 65 ERRMSG 227 ERROR 104 227 Error messages 104 218 EXDATM 193 Examples of Synt...

Page 274: ...4 SCREEN 134 SCROLL 233 241 Scroll mode 230 233 236 240 Sectors 210 213 Sequential file access 214 215 Serial communications supervisor calls 278 Serial interface 86 92 SETBRK 222 290 SETCOM 135 SETUS...