The results are calculated according the tables below:
For an ABBA series
No A B B A
D
=
B
av
– A
av
1
D
1
2
D
2
3
D
3
4
D
4
5
D
5
…..
…
n
D
n
For an ABA series
No
A
B
A
D = B – A
av
1 D
1
2 D
2
3 D
3
4 D
4
5 D
5
…..
…
n
D
n
The standard deviation is calculated as follows:
•
Differences ABBA or ABA series is calculated:
−
−
−
=
A
B
D
i
•
The average value for differences for ABBA or ABA series:
∑
=
n
1
i
i
i
D
n
1
X
D
•
Standard
deviation:
(
)
∑
=
−
=
n
1
i
2
i
i
X
D
D
n
1
s
79