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power-off descents, the aircraft will require a slight amount of left rudder.  These tendencies 

are a result of the required aerodynamic right rudder trim which is set for a condition of level 

un-accelerated flight.  The pusher prop, rotating counter-clockwise with respect to the lon-

gitudinal axis of the aircraft, is generally located above the vertical tail surfaces and as such 

the prop wash hits the left side of the vertical tail causing a nose-left tendency.  Corrected in 

normal flight with right rudder trim, when the power is cut to idle there is an excess of right 

rudder moment and the pilot must use left rudder to fly straight.

Landing Overview

To land this aircraft it is important to remember that it has very little momentum (low gross 

weight) and a relatively large amount of drag (big wing).  If you are doing an approach with 

full flaps and no power, the decent angle will probably exceed 25 degrees and the flare should 

occur at no more than one and a half feet above the surface.  Why?  Because if you flare early, 

the airplane will slow down drastically and settle rather abruptly on to the runway.  If you 

don’t like steep approaches and practically non-existent flares, then don’t use flaps, keep in just 

a little power, and if you want a nice gentle and long flare, round out at about 5 feet and add 

power at the same time to around 3000 RPM.  This is enough power to keep you from slowing 

down too much and gives you some time to allow the airplane to settle gently onto the runway 

by ever so slightly reducing the power setting and lowering the nose.

Powered Flare Approach

If you are doing the powered flare landing, you should touch down on the main gear with 

some power (2500 RPM) and once you do, reduce the power to idle and immediately reduce a 

little back pressure.  Remember, the more power you have the more tendency for the airplane 

to pitch nose down.  Even though you are cooking along at 40mph with 2500RPM and you 

can’t hardly keep the nose wheel off the ground, when you cut the power the nose will come 

up immediately but the airplane will not likely lift off.  Let the nose settle to the ground slowly 

and keep a little reserve elevator movement for the last few inches so that you can really touch 

down softly.  If you hold the nose up with full elevator, the airspeed will drop suddenly and so 

will the nose, with no more up elevator to stop the motion.

Aerodynamic and Mechanical Braking

For maximum braking effect when on short fields, retract the flaps at touchdown to put weight 

on the mains, keep the nose high for aerodynamic braking thru 35mph, all the while using 

as much brake pressure as possible without slamming the nose to the ground.  When you are 

under 30mph, it is best to let the nose wheel down and use maximum brake pressure.

Shutting Down the Engine (on the ground and in-flight)

After you land the aircraft and taxi off the runway, you have already provided an adequate cool 

down rest period for the engine.  Normally after touch down, the throttle goes to idle and there 

is a certain amount of taxing involved.  Set the throttle to idle, turn off both ignition circuits 

simultaneously and allow the propeller to stop.  If you ever decide to turn off the engine while 

in flight, it is necessary to do a 30 second ‘cool-down’ run at 3000RPM prior to ignition shut 

off.  Cutting the engine ignition when the engine has been running at high temperatures will 

cause it undue stress.  Running the motor at 3000RPM for 30 seconds will circulate water and 

put the engine into a state of readiness for shut down.  Be sure to reduce from 3000RPM to 

idle prior to turning off the ignition circuits.  Follow the appropriate start up procedure for hot 

or cold start when it is time to re-fire the motor.  Be sure to allow suffecient pre-heat time for 

the engine to warm up if you shut it off during flight in cold weather.

Emergency Procedures, Off Field Emergency Landings

In the case of an engine that will not start in flight, first focus on flying the airplane at the best 

glide speed of 50mph and aiming for a suitable landing field.  This is the best still-air glide 

speed and essentially is the slowest sink rate.  This will maximize your options in gliding to 

nearby fields and give you the most time to handle the emergency.  If you have enough alti-

tude, go through the checklist for engine starting by first observing fuel quantity and the fuel 

valve.  Try a warm engine start first and if that fails, use the choke to start the engine.  All the 

while, do not fail to fly the airplane and under no condition should you ever try to stretch the 

glide beyond what the aircraft is capable.  Many pilots are killed because they are too ignorant 

to recognize that the airplane is coming down whether they approve or not.  Save the stall for 

the last 1 or 2 feet of altitude if the terrain is very rough.  Don’t try to stretch a glide over top 

of power lines, it would be better to dive under them.  If you stall and/or spin the aircraft at 

low altitude, the NTSB accident report will paint an ugly picture of your piloting skills.  You 

should have enough time after committing to an off-field landing to do the following important 

steps:  1) Secure your seatbelts and 2) Un-latch the doors for a speedy egress from the aircraft.  

In addition, if you are certain of a serious emergency, do not hesitate to activate the ELT on 

your way down...there is no reason to wait for it to activate during the impact.  Also if there is 

time it would be good to shut off the main fuel valve, but this is not a requirement.

Cruise Flight Fuel Consumption

Although it will not pose an immediate problem, if one of the fuel caps were not vented cor-

rectly you will find that during flight, fuel will feed from one tank only.  If both fuel caps are 

improperly vented and are exposed to low pressure, the engine will likely starve for fuel before 

making it to the cruise flight situation.  It is highly recommended to make estimated calcula-

tions regarding fuel usage, NEVER ASSUME that the quantity of fuel indicated in one tank 

is also in the other tank.  If there is any indication of something that isn’t quite right, make a 

cautionary landing as soon as practicable.

Cruise, Climbs and Descents

This airplane was meant to move at 65mph.  Essentially everything is done at 65mph.  Climb 

at 65mph, cruise at 65mph and descend at 65mph.  As with any aircraft, the technique is to 

adjust your pitch for airspeed (elevator stick pressure) and adjust your power for the climb/

descent rate.  An intelligent reader quickly notes that flying this aircraft at 65mph ALL the time 

results in moderate throttle usage.  Just as mentioned previously, the throttle in this aircraft is 

just as important as any other control.  Learn to use it just like you use your feet on the rudders 

or your hand on the stick.  Add power to increase your climb rate, decrease power to increase 

your descent rate.  If you are flying too high, don’t just push the stick forward but also reduce 

the throttle.  If you are too low, don’t just pull the stick back but also add power.  The plane 

will cruise most comfortably at around 65mph indicated airspeed but cruising at 70, 75 or even 

80mph is easy because of the excess power.  Respect the yellow range marking on the airspeed 

indicator because it is there for a purpose.  Higher speeds are reserved for only the smoothest 

of air.

Pitch Trim

There are two forces that trim the aircraft in its pitch attitude: power and elevator/horizontal 

stabilizer position.  Understand that adding power will add a nose down trim to the airplane 

and reducing power will add a nose up trim to the airplane (remember the thrust line of the 

engine is above the center of the airplane).  Also understand that increasing airspeed adds a 

PAGE 7

Summary of Contents for S-12

Page 1: ...omposite 3 blade Gear Reduction 1 2 27 Fuel G P H 4 1 gal 80 PERFORMANCE 0 MSL Take Off Roll 285 ft Rate of Climb 900 fpm Service Ceiling 14 000 ft Cruise 75 mph VNE 100 mph Stall Clean 42 mph Stall F...

Page 2: ...typographical fixes included Table of Contents Chapter 1 Familiarization Page 3 Learn the basic configuration and behavior of the airplane as well as the most impor tant operating rules regarding oper...

Page 3: ...approach The unwary pilot adding full power from an idle power setting at very low altitude and low airspeed will notice a very high stick force required to keep the nose in a climb attitude This air...

Page 4: ...ve himself 750 feet of runway If all conditions are in the pilots favor pilot skill sea level 15mph headwind solo pilot smooth runway no obstacles then 200 feet of runway can suffice for takeoff and 3...

Page 5: ...istry on behalf of the pilot to get a stubborn engine to idle when cold The starting carburetor sends a specific fuel air mixture to the engine which lets it run when cold it is only set for a conditi...

Page 6: ...d down for the large front wheel which is not in perfect balance In high crosswind operations you may have to compromise a bit and keep some weight on the nose for steering until you attain enough air...

Page 7: ...t pre heat time for the engine to warm up if you shut it off during flight in cold weather Emergency Procedures Off Field Emergency Landings In the case of an engine that will not start in flight firs...

Page 8: ...ht turn at 65mph indicated airspeed the outside wing is traveling significantly faster than the inside wing and as a result has more lift The remedy is to use a slight amount of opposite aileron The e...

Page 9: ...sewheel For example after touchdown on a rough field it is better to taxi the remaining distance required at 30mph with the nose off the ground than it is to taxi at 5mph with the nose on the ground I...

Page 10: ...in optional in Weight Arm Moment If combined pilot and passenger weight are between 108 and 345 pounds that CG will be acceptable regardless of fuel conditions However flying at the aft CG limit requi...

Page 11: ...nger by moving horizontally from total weight to the pilot passenger line then read down to moment Find fuel pounds and moment by reading along the fuel line to the total fuel on board in gallons read...

Page 12: ...assembly to the floor pan produce undue force and may eventually cause failure of the mounting tabs or other associated hardware This entire sub system should be inspected under load to ensure it s in...

Page 13: ...rectly near holes and joints and so forth the water will find it s way out of the plane After washing the aircraft a good automotive wax will help protect the airplane from the elements A good wax to...

Page 14: ...er tube to the bottom of the oil tank thru the dipstick hole Pump out all oil possible approximately 66 gallons Remove the oil filter carefully avoiding any excessive spills by placing rags underneath...

Page 15: ...llowing satisfactory completion of the required number of flight hours in the flight test area the pilot shall certify in the logbook that the aircraft has been shown to comply with FAR Section 91 319...

Page 16: ...74 www vdona com PS Engineering Inc 9800 Martel Road Lenoir City Tennessee 37772 423 988 9800 FAX 423 988 6619 www ps engineering com PM501 Intercom S N XA 07690 Ameri King Corporation 18842 Brookhurs...

Page 17: ...racks bends bolts lubricated Battery secure pins cracks wiring Pitot Static clear REMOVE COVER Left Fuselage Lexan scratches cracks Structure rivets Doors hinges handles Left Main Gear Leg cracks bend...

Page 18: ...00RPM Engine Start hot Choke OFF Throttle IDLE Area CLEAR Ignition BOTH Brakes ON Starter ENGAGE Oil PRESSURE Engine Warmup 2 minutes 2000RPM Continue 2500RPM Oil Temp 120F Taxi Checklist Brakes CHECK...

Page 19: ...gap oOil system integrity ooil coloration and age 50 hrs ooil quantity olines routed without interference and free of chaffing ooil overflow line routing and condition oconnections for tightness ooil...

Page 20: ...ts operating handbook with current weight and balance is on board the aircraft oinstru ment panel for structural integrity opitot and static tubes for cleanliness and line routing conflicts or chafing...

Page 21: ...ity 18 Gal Sight Gauge Markings Total Fuel On board 7 6 3 8 11 4 Full Capacity 18 Gal Sight Gauge Markings Total Fuel On board 7 6 3 8 11 4 SPINS PROHIBITED Amateur Built Aircraft This airplane is ama...

Page 22: ...gun voltmeter optical tachometer camera and or video camera feeler gauges spark plug gapping tool plastic brush floor jack antifreeze concentration checker Consumables paper filters paper towels rags...

Page 23: ...ufficient flaps roll tendencies wing washout wing high or low rudder and vertical stabilizer ball position wings level horizontal stabilizer stick position in trimmed flight prop pitch adjustments rev...

Page 24: ...ne within 10 feet of the ground or less preferably just a few feet and continually watch for the end of the runway Make any notes regarding the rigging of the aircraft after you stop the airplane Make...

Page 25: ...r this flight attitude What is the yaw tendency of the aircraft What is the roll tendency of the aircraft What other tendencies does the aircraft have Release the ailerons and use the rudder pedals to...

Page 26: ...e rudder pedals Use the controls to maintain straight and level at this setting What rudder input is required for straight and level What aileron input is required for straight and level What other te...

Page 27: ...do you expect What is the wind direction and speed What is the outside air temperature High performance takeoff Take out all flaps Climb at 65mph Continue climb to 1500AGL 4500MSL and to a nearby fie...

Page 28: ...ncy of the aircraft What other tendencies does the aircraft have Control the airplane in a straight and level attitude at this air speed Release the controls Does the airplane YAW first or ROLL first...

Page 29: ...ps Reduce power to enter slow flight near Vs0 What is the airspeed What is the RPM What tendencies does the aircraft have Add 2nd notch of flaps Reduce power to enter slow flight near Vs1 What is the...

Page 30: ...l for the follwing No flaps 1 Notch 2 Notches 3 Notches What tendencies What is the power on climbing stall speed for the following No flaps 1 Notch 2 Notches 3 Notches What tendencies What is the pow...

Page 31: ...gather during other flight tests i e with 10mph wind etc Lift and Drag performance Ratios Power on and off Climb for 1 minute and record the VSI reading along with actual altimeter readings at start...

Page 32: ...procedure What are the dangers What are the parameters FPM airspeed etc Lazy Eights What is the procedure What are the parameters altitude loss speed etc What are the dangers Chandelles What is the p...

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Page 35: ...Weight lbs Pilot and Passenger 49 in Aft Fuel 6 lb gal 78 in aft 1 8 g a l 1 0 5 reposition group to lower left at 1 1 1 120 1 090 1 060 1 030 970 940 910 880 820 790 760 730 1 150 1 000 850 700 83 8...

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