10
6.7.5. The removal of burnt slag and ash from the boiler ashpit is carried out as they accumulate, but at
least one time per day. Excessive accumulation of ash and slag in the ashpit prevents air from entering the
combustion zone of the boiler and reduces the efficiency of its operation; therefore, the ashpit is not allowed to
fill up more than a half of its volume.
6.7.7. The boiler works most economically and steadily, with high heat transfer, on coals of such grades as:
T (lean), SS (weakly caking) and D (long-flame), as well as on other grades with a low yield of volatile
substances. The size of the coarse fraction of coal is limited by the size (diameter) of the loading bunker. It is
ideally to use a fraction of 100-200 mm. Dust and fine coal dust should be no more than 20% of the volume of
fuel loaded into the boiler. The efficiency of work decreases when burning wet coal or coal with snow;
therefore, it is recommended to store fuel reserves under a shed or in a closed warehouse.
6.7.8. For efficient boiler’s operation, a constant supply of oxygen (air) is required in the combustion zone,
for which it is necessary to provide ventilation openings in closed boiler plants to ensure the supply of
sufficient oxygen.
6.7.9. The power of the boiler in manual mode is regulated by the opening value of the ashpit regulator or
the upper air supply regulators. The slide gate (if there is any) must always be open. The efficiency of the
boiler in optimal and especially in maximum mode can be achieved only with the elimination of all air inflow
in gas ducts, gas collector and chimney due to high-quality welding of joins. In order to avoid suction, the
chimney cleaning hatch, the gas flue’s flange insert, the economizer and the ashpit junction with the heat
exchanger are carefully sealed with fireproof gaskets and cords.
6.7.10. The boiler’s construction allows its cleaning from rocks and large pieces of ash as they accumulate.
6.7.11. To analyze and monitor the operation of the boiler plant and the heating system, rational use of fuel,
as well as increasing staff responsibility, it is recommended to keep a shift log of the boiler operation. During
shift changeover, it is proposed to reflect the following information in a free-form journal:
- air temperature outside;
- temperature of the heat exchange liquid in the supply and return pipelines;
- water pressure in the system (water level in the expansion tank) and the amount of water added to the
system per shift;
- the amount of fuel filled during a shift;
- comments on the operation of boilers and the heating system, the occurrence of emergency situations and
their elimination.
6.7.12.
DO NOT OPERATE BOILER:
- without expansion tank;
- with closed taps (gate valves) and the absence of circulation in the heating system;
- in the absence of water in the expansion tank;
- in the absence of electricity in the forced heating systems (i.e., with non-circulating pumps);
- in case of water pumping or hot water leaks from the heating system;
- without a bypass line on the pumps of the forced systems;
- without safety valves and thermometers;
- without a control manometer in closed systems.
7. System testing. Safety devices.
7.1. The manufacturer conducts hydraulic tests of all produced heat exchangers (100%) at a pressure of at
least 10 kgf/cm
2
. It is allowed to operate “UNIVERSAL RG” boilers in heating systems with pressure up to
3 kgf/cm
2
.
7.2. After installation, before starting the boiler, the installation organization must inspect the heating
system and the places of its connection to the boiler for the leak tightness. Even a slight leakage of water in the
boiler, water jacket or the heating system as a whole is not allowed.
Summary of Contents for UNIVERSAL RG Series
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