and Answers for consumers relating to radio frequency (RF) exposure from wireless
devices. The FDA publication includes the following information:
What kinds of devices are the subject of this update?
The term wireless device refers here to hand-held wireless devices with built-in
antennas, often called “cell,” “mobile,” or “PCS” devices. These types of wireless
devices can expose the user to measurable radio frequency energy (RF) because of
the short distance between the device and the user's head. These RF exposures are
limited by Federal Communications Commission safety guidelines that were
developed with the advice of FDA and other federal health and safety agencies.
When the device is located at greater distances from the user, the exposure to RF is
drastically lower because a person's RF exposure decreases rapidly with increasing
distance from the source. The so-called “cordless devices,” which have a base unit
connected to the teledevice wiring in a house, typically operate at far lower power
levels, and thus produce RF exposures well within the FCC's compliance limits.
Do wireless devices pose a health hazard?
The available scientific evidence does not show that any health problems are
associated with using wireless devices. There is no proof, however, that wireless
devices are absolutely safe. Wireless devices emit low levels of radio frequency
energy (RF) in the microwave range while being used. They also emit very low levels
of RF when in the stand-by mode. Whereas high levels of RF can produce health
effects (by heating tissue), exposure to low level RF that does not produce heating
effects causes no known adverse health effects. Many studies of low level RF
exposures have not found any biological effects. Some studies have suggested that
some biological effects may occur, but such findings have not been confirmed by
additional research. In some cases, other researchers have had difficulty in
reproducing those studies, or in determining the reasons for inconsistent results.
What is FDA's role concerning the safety of wireless devices?
Under the law, FDA does not review the safety of radiation-emitting consumer
products such as wireless devices before they can be sold, as it does with new drugs
or medical devices. However, the agency has authority to take action if wireless
devices are shown to emit radio frequency energy (RF) at a level that is hazardous
to the user. In such a case, FDA could require the manufacturers of wireless devices
to notify users of the health hazard and to repair, replace or recall the devices so that
the hazard no longer exists.
Although the existing scientific data do not justify FDA regulatory actions, FDA has
urged the wireless device industry to take a number of steps, including the following:
“Support needed research into possible biological effects of RF of the type
emitted by wireless devices;
“Design wireless devices in a way that minimizes any RF exposure to the
user that is not necessary for device function; and
“Cooperate in providing users of wireless devices with the best possible
information on possible effects of wireless device use on human health.
FDA belongs to an interagency working group of the federal agencies that have
responsibility for different aspects of RF safety to ensure coordinated efforts at the
federal level. The following agencies belong to this working group:
“National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
“Environmental Protection Agency
