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DEFINITIONS AND TERMS
Actuator
An energy based control system for moving or controlling another mechanism or system. Actuators can be operated using
hydraulic, electronic, pneumatic or mechanical systems. Actuators for isotope radiography systems can be incorporated
directly into the radiographic exposure device or the remote controls.
Air Pump – Remote Control
A mechanical device that enables the source assembly contained in an exposure device to be moved to and from a working
position by operation from a distance away from the radiographic exposure device. The air pump remote control includes the
means to create a sufficient increase or decrease of air pressure (usually by filling a reservoir) that will enable exposure or
retraction of the radioactive source assembly by the use of a pneumatic actuator.
Some air pump remote controls (bellows type) are used to directly propel a radioactive source capsule from an exposure
device into the working position using projection sheaths up to 50 feet (15.1 meters). The radioactive source capsule is
retracted into the shielded position of the exposure device by creating a vacuum within the bellows type air pump and
connected air hoses.
Air pump remote controls are generally used with air hoses, valves and fittings specifically designed for the method of
actuation.
Area Alarm
An area radiation level monitor that provides a highly visual warning when the radiation level exceeds a pre-set threshold.
commonly referred to as Gammalarms, use is required by most jurisdictions in permanent radiographic installations and they
are often used in conjunction with door interlocks and audible alarms. Portable area alarms are required by some jurisdictions
for radiography performed at temporary job-sites.
Alarm Ratemeter
An alarm worn by radiography personnel that provides a continuous audible warning when the alarm ratemeter detects a
radiation level in excess of a pre-set threshold of 5 mSv/hr (500 mR/hr). This redundant safety alarm is required by regulation
for temporary job-site radiography within the USA.
Apparatus for Industrial Gamma Radiography
Apparatus including an exposure device, a source assembly as applicable, a remote control, a projection sheath, an exposure
head and accessories designed to enable radiation emitted by a sealed radioactive source to be used for industrial gamma
radiography purposes. Also known as: isotope radiography system, isotope radiography kit.
Automatic Securing Mechanism (ASM)
An automatically activated mechanism located on the radiographic exposure device designed to restrict the source assembly
in the secured position.
Beam Limiter
A shielding device for confining the elements of a beam of radiation to an assigned solid angle. Beam limiters are generally
manufactured from lead, tungsten and depleted Uranium and are pre-positioned over/on the radiation source's working
position. Also known as: collimators.
Control Crank
A control cable cranking device that is a component of the remote controls. The control crank is used at a distance by the
radiography personnel to move the radiation source to and from the device, through projection sheaths to and from the
exposure position. Manual control crank mechanisms are commonly used, but automatic exposure controllers are available
which can be operated from a greater distance and allows preset timing and automatic expose and retract modes. Also known
as: wind-outs, crank-outs and hand-cranks.
Control Cable
A cable or other mechanical means used to project and retract the source assembly out from and into the radiographic
exposure device by means of remote control. The control cable includes the means of attachment to the source holder. Also
known as: remote control cable, drive cable, Teleflex™ cable.
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