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• Clumsiness
• Numbness
• Temporary muscle activation
• Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF) leakage
• Tissue damage
• Nerve damage
• Spinal cord compression
• Paralysis
• Hematoma
• Swelling
• Seroma
• Sensory loss
• Skin erosion around the INS or leads
• Battery failure and/or battery leakage
• Lead breakage requiring replacement of the lead
• Hardware malfunction requiring replacement of the neurostimulator
• Pain from a non-injurious stimulus to the skin (allodynia)
• An exaggerated sense of pain (hyperesthesia)
• Change in stimulation, possibly related to tissue changes around the electrodes,
shifts in electrode position, loose electrical connections, lead or extension
fractures, which has been described by some patients as uncomfortable
stimulation (jolting or shocking sensation).
• Formation of reactive tissue in the epidural space around the lead can result in
delayed spinal cord compression and paralysis, requiring surgical intervention.
Time to onset can range from weeks to many years after implant.
Additional risks, as a result of the placement and stimulation of the lead in the area of
the DRG, include pain due to setting the stimulation parameters too high. This may
occur once the lead is in place and is connected to the neurostimulator and activated.
The neurostimulator is controlled by a trained operator and the starting point for the
stimulation will be set to the lowest available settings. Additionally, all patients will be
awake and conversant during the procedure to minimize the impact.
If you have any concerns about your Stimulator, contact your doctor during normal
business hours.
Summary of Contents for Axium
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