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For these examples, ratings from one of the most common panels will be used. See
Figure 5-3 Solar
Panel Wiring Diagram
.
195W (24V) Panel Rating –
VMP: 38.16 VDC; Voc: 45.36 VDC; I: 5.10 amps
Parallel:
Solar panels that are wired in parallel combine their wattage and their amperage, and the
voltage remains the same. In the first example (
2 Panels – Parallel
) on
Figure 5-3 Solar Panel Wiring
Diagram
, the positive (
+
) ends of each panel are connected via a branch connector. The same is done
for the negative (-) ends of each panel. The end of the branch connectors then connect directly to the
MC4 cables that come pre-installed with the controller. Because this is wired in a parallel
configuration, the voltage remains constant at 38 VDC (VMP or average up to 45.36 VDC open
circuit), the watts are doubled to 390W (195W x 2), and a current of 10.20 amps (5.10 amps x 2) is
present. Primarily, this configuration is used to supply more current when the pump requires more
than a single panel can offer. Additionally, adding extra panels in parallel can increase the depth
limit and/or earlier start and later stop times when compared to a single panel system.
Series:
Solar panels that are wired in series combine their wattage and voltage, and the amperage
remains constant. This is displayed in the second example (
2 Panels – Series
) on
Figure 5-3 Solar Panel
Wiring Diagram
. The positive (
+
) end of the first panel connects to the controller, while the negative
(-) connects to the positive (
+
) of the second panel. The second panel’s negative (-) connects to the
controller, completing the circuit. Since this array is wired in series, the voltage doubles to 76 VDC
(VMP or average up to 90.72 VDC open circuit), the watts double to 390W (195W x 2), and the current
remains the same at 5.10 amps. The most common need for this configuration is to power a high
voltage motor.
Series/Parallel:
The third example (
4 Panels – Series/Parallel
) on
Figure 5-3 Solar Panel Wiring Diagram
shows
TWO PARALLEL
STRINGS
of
TWO PANELS IN SERIES
. Each string of two panels in series puts out
76 VDC (VMP or average up to 90.72 VDC open circuit), 390W, and 5.10 amps. The parallel-wired
calculations are 76 VDC (VMP or average up to 90.72 VDC open circuit), 780W, and 10.20 amps. This
configuration is reserved for higher voltage pumps that require more current than a single string of
solar panels wired in series can provide.
Warning:
Before connecting any of the cables from the solar array to the controller, be
sure to verify the open circuit voltage does not exceed the voltage limits of the controller
(
50/100/200 VDC
). Voltages in excess of this maximum will damage the controller. If the
pre-installed MC4 connectors on the controller are removed, be certain that the positive
and negative wires are not crossed when connecting them to the controller.
If unsure of the polarity
or voltage, confirm with a voltmeter. Standard SunRotor
®
controllers have reverse polarity
protection, and will not power up if the polarity is incorrect.
Solar Panels can be wired into the controller in a number of variations to produce the desired
Watt/Voltage/Amperage configuration. Below are examples of the most common 2-4 panel wiring
configurations, including panel arrays configured in series, parallel, and a combination of the two.
Summary of Contents for Solar Pump
Page 1: ...SunRotor Solar Pump Installation and Resource Manual...
Page 36: ......