BY AND BY DESC Clauses
Clauses
058057 Tandem Computers Incorporated
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BY and BY DESC
Clauses
The BY and BY DESC clauses group and sort target-records according to the value of a
specified field. The syntax of the BY and BY DESC clauses is:
{
}
BY
BY DESC
by-item
by-item
is the name of a field from an input record whose values are to be used to group
and sort target-records.
BY and BY DESC clauses group and sort records according to the field values. The BY
clause sorts the records in ascending order according to the value of the specified field;
the BY DESC clause sorts in descending order. The following example groups and
sorts the partnum field:
BY partnum,
When more than one sort is specified, ENFORM uses a major to minor sort
precedence. ENFORM determines the sort precedence by the order in which a BY or
BY DESC clause appears in a LIST or FIND statement. The first BY or BY DESC clause
has the highest priority, the next one second priority, down to the last BY or BY DESC
clause.
When a BY or BY DESC clause is used with a LIST statement, ENFORM prints only the
first instance of a grouped value in a report. When a BY or BY DESC clause is used
with a FIND statement, ENFORM writes all of the values of a grouped value to the
physical output file or transmits all of the values to the host language program.
Several clauses require that a field be grouped by a preceding BY or BY DESC clause.
Refer to the CUM, PCT, SUBTOTAL, AFTER CHANGE and BEFORE CHANGE
clauses in this section and Target Aggregates in Section 3.
Summary of Contents for ENFORM 058057
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