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Nonvolatile Memory (NVRAM)
User-programmable random access memory whose data is retained when power is turned off. On the Sportster, it
includes four stored phone numbers and the modem settings.
OFF/ON Hook
Modem operations that are the equivalent of manually lifting a phone receiver (taking it off-hook) and replacing it
(going on-hook).
Online Fallback/Fall Forward
A feature that allows high-speed, error-control modems to monitor line quality and fall back to the next lower speed
in a defined range if line quality diminishes; as line conditions improve, the modems switch up to the next higher
speed.
Originate Mode
The mode used by your modem when initiating an outgoing call to a destination modem. The transmit/receive
frequencies are the reverse of the called modem, which is in Answer mode.
Parity
A simple error-detection method that checks the validity of a transmitted character. Character checking has been
surpassed by more reliable and efficient forms of error checking, including V.42 and MNP 2-4 protocols. Either the
same type of parity must be used by two communicating computers, or both may omit parity.
Protocol
A system of rules and procedures governing communications between two or more devices. Protocols vary, but
communicating devices must follow the same protocol in order to exchange data. The format of the data, readiness
to receive or send, error detection and error correction are some of the operations that may be defined in protocols.
RAM
Random Access Memory. Memory that is available for use when the modem is turned on, but that clears of all
information when the power is turned off. The modem's RAM holds the current operational settings, a flow control
buffer, and a command buffer.
